RESEARCH TIPS & RESEARCH TIPS & TOOLSTOOLS

GIVING CREDIT WHERE GIVING CREDIT WHERE

CREDIT IS DUECREDIT IS DUE

What we’ll cover:What we’ll cover:

Writing Assignments 101Writing Assignments 101 The Rules of AcademiaThe Rules of Academia Bibliography: What Is It?Bibliography: What Is It? ““How-To”How-To” Parenthetical DocumentationParenthetical Documentation Your Final ProductYour Final Product Alternatives & Support ResourcesAlternatives & Support Resources

WRITING WRITING ASSIGNMENTS 101ASSIGNMENTS 101

PERSONAL ESSAYSPERSONAL ESSAYS

Some assignments Some assignments require you to require you to write about your write about your own personal own personal feelings, opinions, feelings, opinions, or experiences. or experiences. In this type of In this type of assignment, your assignment, your ideas come from ideas come from YOU, not a book.YOU, not a book.

RESEARCH RESEARCH ASSIGNMENTSASSIGNMENTS

Sometimes you Sometimes you are asked to are asked to research and research and write about a write about a subject with subject with which you are which you are unfamiliar. unfamiliar.

RESEARCH RESEARCH ASSIGNMENTSASSIGNMENTS

You will need to You will need to gather gather information from information from a variety of a variety of outside sources. outside sources. Your paper may Your paper may include your own include your own conclusions about conclusions about the topic, based the topic, based on your research. on your research.

The Rules of The Rules of

AcademiaAcademia

You must give credit to You must give credit to the authors of your the authors of your

information sources.information sources.

If you do not list your If you do not list your sources, you will appear to sources, you will appear to

be trying to pass off be trying to pass off someone else’s ideas as someone else’s ideas as

your own, which is…your own, which is…

PLAGIARISMPLAGIARISM

BIBLIOGRAPHY: BIBLIOGRAPHY: WHAT IS IT?WHAT IS IT?

A A bibliographybibliography is is an an alphabetized alphabetized list of list of information information sources about sources about a topic.a topic.

A A works citedworks cited list list is used in a is used in a formal academic formal academic research paper research paper and lists all of and lists all of the sources that the sources that are actually are actually citedcited in the body in the body of the paper.of the paper.

• Different bibliography styles are used for different purposes.

• Check with your teacher to be sure which style is required.

• Most Sahuaro teachers use the MLA (Modern Language Association) style.

• The library provides an MLA Format Guide.

““HOW-TO”HOW-TO”

First Example:First Example:

A BOOKA BOOK

1.1. Use your Guide to identify what Use your Guide to identify what information you need.information you need.

2.2. Get your information from the Get your information from the book’s title page.book’s title page.

Make corrections:Make corrections:

Houle, Michelle. Houle, Michelle. Immigration. San Immigration. San Diego/Detroit/New York…: Diego/Detroit/New York…: Greenhaven Press, 2004Greenhaven Press, 2004

Correct form:Correct form:

Houle, Michelle E., ed. Houle, Michelle E., ed. ImmigrationImmigration. San Diego: . San Diego: Greenhaven Press, 2004.Greenhaven Press, 2004.

““HOW-TO”HOW-TO”

Second Example:Second Example:

EBSCO resourcesEBSCO resources

1.1. Use your Guide to identify what Use your Guide to identify what information you need.information you need.

2.2. Get your information from Get your information from thisthis EBSCO magazine article.EBSCO magazine article.

Make corrections:Make corrections:

Sean McCollum. “Mall Curfews: Sean McCollum. “Mall Curfews: Teen Discrimination? Literary Teen Discrimination? Literary Cavalcade Jan 2005 18-19 Cavalcade Jan 2005 18-19 MAS Ultra – School Edition MAS Ultra – School Edition EBSCOhost. Saguaro High EBSCOhost. Saguaro High School Lib. 16 December 2005School Lib. 16 December 2005 http://search.epnet.comhttp://search.epnet.com

Correct form:Correct form:

McCollum, Sean. “Mall Curfews: McCollum, Sean. “Mall Curfews: Teen Discrimination?” Teen Discrimination?” Literary Literary CavalcadeCavalcade Jan 2005: 18-19. Jan 2005: 18-19. MAS Ultra – School Edition.MAS Ultra – School Edition. EBSCOhost. Sahuaro High EBSCOhost. Sahuaro High School Lib. 16 December 2005School Lib. 16 December 2005 <<http://http://search.epnet.comsearch.epnet.com>>..

Newspaper article example:Newspaper article example:Carter, Marilyn. “Where the Heart Carter, Marilyn. “Where the Heart

Is.” Arizona Daily Star 28 Apr. Is.” Arizona Daily Star 28 Apr. 2005, Sunday ed.: B12.2005, Sunday ed.: B12.

Same article, taken from EBSCO:Same article, taken from EBSCO:Carter, Marilyn. “Where the Heart Carter, Marilyn. “Where the Heart

Is.” Arizona Daily Star 28 Apr. Is.” Arizona Daily Star 28 Apr. 2005, Sunday ed.: B12.2005, Sunday ed.: B12. MAS Ultra – MAS Ultra – School Edition.School Edition. EBSCOhost. EBSCOhost. Sahuaro High School Lib. 16 Sahuaro High School Lib. 16 December 2005 December 2005 http://http://search.epnet.comsearch.epnet.com..

Book example:Book example:Travis, George. Travis, George. State SongsState Songs. Vero . Vero

Beach, Florida: Rourke Publishing, Beach, Florida: Rourke Publishing, 2002.2002.

Same book, taken from EBSCO:Same book, taken from EBSCO:Travis, George. Travis, George. State SongsState Songs. Vero . Vero

Beach, Florida: Rourke Publishing, Beach, Florida: Rourke Publishing, 2002.2002. MAS Ultra – School Edition.MAS Ultra – School Edition. EBSCOhost. Sahuaro High School EBSCOhost. Sahuaro High School Lib. 16 December 2005 Lib. 16 December 2005 http://http://search.epnet.comsearch.epnet.com..

FOR EBSCO RESOURCES:FOR EBSCO RESOURCES:

You will simply add the EBSCO You will simply add the EBSCO information to the end of the information to the end of the

standard bibliography format for standard bibliography format for the the typetype of resource that EBSCO of resource that EBSCO

provides.provides.

““HOW-TO”HOW-TO”

Third Example:Third Example:

Internet sites – Personal Web PageInternet sites – Personal Web Page

1.1. Use your Guide to identify what Use your Guide to identify what information you need.information you need.

2.2. Get your information from Get your information from thisthis website.website.

Make corrections:Make corrections:

Kathleen Schrock. Kathy Schrock’s Kathleen Schrock. Kathy Schrock’s Guide for Educators. 16 Guide for Educators. 16 December 2005 December 2005 http://school.discovery.com/schrohttp://school.discovery.com/schrockguide/.ckguide/.

Correct form:Correct form:

Schrock, Kathleen. Schrock, Kathleen. Kathy Schrock’s Kathy Schrock’s Guide for Educators.Guide for Educators. 1 June 1995. 1 June 1995. 19 January 2006 19 January 2006 <http://school.discovery.com/schr<http://school.discovery.com/schrockguide/>.ockguide/>.

Citing sites can be Citing sites can be exciting!exciting!…and frustrating…and frustrating

If you can not If you can not find some find some information information that is needed, that is needed, cite what is cite what is available.available.

You should You should begin to begin to question the question the reliabilityreliability of a of a source if very source if very little information little information is given about is given about where, when, & where, when, & whom it came whom it came from.from.

““HOW-TO”HOW-TO”

Fourth ExampleFourth Example

Internet sites – Citing an entire siteInternet sites – Citing an entire site

1.1. Use your Guide to identify what Use your Guide to identify what information you need.information you need.

2.2. Get your information from this Get your information from this website.website.

Make corrections:Make corrections:

Biography for Johnny DeppBiography for Johnny Depp. . 1990-2006. Internet Movie 1990-2006. Internet Movie Database, Inc. 19 January Database, Inc. 19 January 2006 2006 <http://us.imdb.com/name/n<http://us.imdb.com/name/nm0000136/bio>m0000136/bio>..

No corrections!No corrections!

• We made a logical choice for title.We made a logical choice for title.• No editor was given.No editor was given.• We used the information available We used the information available

for copyright and last update.for copyright and last update.

We cited what we could!We cited what we could!

PARENTHETICAL PARENTHETICAL DOCUMENTATIONDOCUMENTATION

You should credit the source of You should credit the source of each each quotationquotation, , paraphraseparaphrase, or , or summarysummary you utilize you utilize within the within the texttext of your report. of your report.

Use parentheses to cite the work Use parentheses to cite the work that you have used information that you have used information from.from.

ExampleExample

Examples:Examples: Quotations:Quotations:

WITHIN TEXT OF REPORTWITHIN TEXT OF REPORT

One author called the intersection of One author called the intersection of languagelanguage

and culture “languaculture” (Agar 60).and culture “languaculture” (Agar 60).

WORKS CITED LISTWORKS CITED LIST

Agar, Michael. Agar, Michael. Language ShockLanguage Shock. New . New York: Morrow, 1994.York: Morrow, 1994.

Paraphrases and summariesParaphrases and summariesWITHIN TEXT OF REPORTWITHIN TEXT OF REPORT

As Wendy Martin has suggested, EmilyAs Wendy Martin has suggested, Emily

Dickinson firmly believed that we cannot Dickinson firmly believed that we cannot fullyfully

comprehend life unless we also understandcomprehend life unless we also understand

death (625).death (625).

WORKS CITED LISTWORKS CITED LISTMartin, Wendy. Martin, Wendy. Emily DickinsonEmily Dickinson. New York: . New York:

Columbia Press, 1988.Columbia Press, 1988.

PARENTHETICAL PARENTHETICAL DOCUMENTATION DOCUMENTATION TIPSTIPS

* * Common knowledge does not need to be Common knowledge does not need to be cited.cited.

** Cite the sources of information you use Cite the sources of information you use that are someone else’s ideas. that are someone else’s ideas.

** If you are not sure if you need to cite If you are not sure if you need to cite something – cite it!something – cite it!

*Click here for parenthetical *Click here for parenthetical documentation format and guidelines.documentation format and guidelines.

YOUR FINAL PRODUCTYOUR FINAL PRODUCTChecklist for writing your bibliography or Checklist for writing your bibliography or works cited page.works cited page.

List sources in ABC order based on first List sources in ABC order based on first letter in each entry. Omit letter in each entry. Omit thethe, , anan, and , and a a as first words.as first words.

Double space.Double space. Indent the second line by 5 spaces. (tab)Indent the second line by 5 spaces. (tab) Check for correct punctuation, Check for correct punctuation,

underlining and quotation marks.underlining and quotation marks. Center the title “Works Cited” at the top. Center the title “Works Cited” at the top.

WORKS CITEDWORKS CITED

Biography for Johnny DeppBiography for Johnny Depp. 1990-2006. Internet Movie Database, Inc. . 1990-2006. Internet Movie Database, Inc.

11 11 November 2005. http://us.imdb.com/name/nm0000136/bio.November 2005. http://us.imdb.com/name/nm0000136/bio.

Houle, Michelle E., ed. Houle, Michelle E., ed. ImmigrationImmigration. San Diego: Greenhaven Press, . San Diego: Greenhaven Press,

2004.2004.

McCollum, Sean. “Mall Curfews: Teen Discrimination?” McCollum, Sean. “Mall Curfews: Teen Discrimination?” Literary Literary

CavalcadeCavalcade Jan Jan 2005: 18-19. 2005: 18-19. MAS Ultra – School Edition.MAS Ultra – School Edition. EBSCOhost. EBSCOhost.

Sahuaro High Sahuaro High School Lib. 16 December 2005 School Lib. 16 December 2005

http://search.epnet.com.http://search.epnet.com.

Schrock, Kathleen. Schrock, Kathleen. Kathy Schrock’s Guide for Educators.Kathy Schrock’s Guide for Educators. 1 June 1995. 1 June 1995.

16 16 December 2005 http://school.discovery.com/schrockguide/.December 2005 http://school.discovery.com/schrockguide/.

ALTERNATIVES & ALTERNATIVES & SUPPORT SERVICESSUPPORT SERVICES Citation Machine: Citation Machine: Free, electronic Free, electronic

citation machine. Check for accuracy.citation machine. Check for accuracy. Easy Bib: Easy Bib: Subscription bibliography Subscription bibliography

service for a reasonable price per service for a reasonable price per year.year.

MLA Handbook for Writers of Research MLA Handbook for Writers of Research PapersPapers

Ask your librarian! Use library Ask your librarian! Use library webpage.webpage.

BIBLIOGRAPHYBIBLIOGRAPHY

Gibaldi, Joseph. Gibaldi, Joseph. MLA Handbook for MLA Handbook for Writers of Research PapersWriters of Research Papers. New . New York: The Modern Language York: The Modern Language Association, 2003.Association, 2003.

Language NetworkLanguage Network. Evanston, IL: . Evanston, IL: McDougal Littell, 1997.McDougal Littell, 1997.