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Dr.C.G.Sreenivasa

Assistant Professor & MBA Coordinator

Department of Industrial & Production Engineering

University B.D.T College of Engineering(A Constituent College of VTU, Belgaum)

Davangere – 577 004

Research Skills

� Which subject to choose ?

� How to approach and select the guide ?

� Which institute is good ?

� How to carryout literature survey ?

� How to identify research problem ?

� What is journal paper ?

� How to understand journal paper ?

� How to obtain journal papers ?

� What is impact factor ?

� Which journal is easy or difficult ?

� Is there any one to discuss with me ?

Basic Questions

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� The word research derives from the

French recherche, from rechercher

� "chercher" means "to search”, its literal

meaning is 'to investigate thoroughly'

Research DefinedD

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Research Importance in Recent Years

� Teaching institute to Research institute

� AICTE 6th pay scale

� Career advancement / Promotion

� Assessing quality of faculty

� Recognition

� Competition

� Publish or Perish

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� Teacher of philosophy (Latin)

� Universities of Europe in the middle ages (5th-15th

century) generally placed all academic disciplinesoutside the professional fields of theology,medicine and law under the broad heading of"philosophy" ("natural philosophy" when referringto science).

Origin of Ph.D.D

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The first Ph.D. degree was awarded in Paris in

the year 1150, but not until the early 19th century

did the term "Ph.D. degree" acquire its modern

meaning as the highest academic doctoral

degree, (university practice in Germany)

The first Ph.D.

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� Prior to the 19th century professional doctoraldegrees could only be awarded in theology (ThD),law (JD), or medicine (MD).

� In 1861, Yale University adopted the German practice(first introduced in the 19th century at the FriedrichWilhelm University in Berlin) of granting the degree toyounger students who had completed a prescribedcourse of graduate study and successfully defendeda thesis/dissertation containing original research inscience or in the humanities.

Ph.D. in modern sense

Dr.C.G.Sreenivasa, UBDTCE, Davangere

� Josiah Willard Gibbs, who earned a doctorate inengineering from Yale University in 1863. Hewas the first person to earn such a degree in theUnited States.

The First Ph.D. in Engineering

Gibbs' phase rule: F = C – P + 2

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Start Point / IdeaD

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� Research begins with a problem.

This problem need not be Earth-Shaking

� Identifying this problem can actually be the hardest part of research

� In general, good research problem should:

Address an important question

Advance knowledge

Starting Research

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Sources of Research Problems

Internet

Flat-screen monitors

DVD

CD-ROM

Drive-through restaurants

Fax machines

3 1/2” Floppy disks

Color printers

� Observation

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Sources of Research Problems

� Observation

� Literature Reviews

� Professional Conferences

� Experts

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Division of Research Work

Experiments

Case Study

Modeling

Algorithm etc.

Writing Paper

Thesis Compilation

Preparing ppt

Graphs, Tables etc.

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Types of research papers

� Literature review papers

� Experimental / Theoretical research papers

� Application oriented research papers

� Research papers for practitioners

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Leading Journal Publishers

Publishing

company

Founded in the

year

Country of

origin

Journal

(One Example)

John Wiley 1807 US POM

Taylor and

Francis

1852 UK IJPR

Elsevier 1880 Netherlands IJPE

Springer 1950 US IJAMT

Emerald 1967 UK JMTM

Inderscience 1979 Switzerland IJMR

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Reference

Harvard Style

� Giving credit to the authors

� Back support (ex. Lawyer)

� Sir name of the author has to be mentioned while referring

� Example

Investigation on achieving ……………..

Sachin Tendulkar1, Mahendra Singh Dhoni 2, Sourav Ganguly 3

1 Department of Mechanical Engineering, …………………..

ABSTRACT

During the recent year, the competition is intensified due to the globalization ......................................

� Case 1: for two authors: Tendulkar and Dhoni (2012)

� Case 2: more than two authors: Tendulkar et al. (2012)

� Tendulkar, S, Dhoni, M.S and Ganguly, S. (2012), Investigation on achieving

……….., Computers & Industrial Engineering, Vol. 9, No.1, pp.196-215.

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Understanding Paper

� Journal / Conference papers

� Purpose

� Design / Methodology / Approach

� Findings

� Originality

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Paper Structure

Title of the paper

Abstract

1. Introduction

2. Literature Survey

3. Module of your research work (Experiment, Theoretical, etc.)

4. Results and Discussion

5. Conclusion

Acknowledgement

Reference

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Writing Literature Review Paper

Reference Management Software's Year

http://www.refworks.com 2001

http://www.citeulike.org 2004

http://www.zotero.org 2005

http://www.mendeley.com 2008

Tentative

Title

Paper

Structure

Collect

Papers

Identify

Research

Gaps

Conclusion

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Modules of Research Work

• Investigation

• Write Paper

Module 1

• Investigation

• Write Paper

Module 2• Investigation

• Write Paper

Module 3

Paper StructureIMPORTANTD

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Writing Paper

Tentative

Title

Paper

Structure

Module 1

Work

Results

and Discussion

Conclusion

and Limitation

� Show it to your Guide/friends/faculty/proof readers

� Submit the paper

For example: P2.3 for Conference and P2.7 for Journal

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Introduction Vs Conclusion

Introduction:

General to Specific

Conclusion:

Specific to General

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Structured Abstract

Purpose

Design/methodology/approach

Findings

Originality / Value

� Research limitations

� Practical implications

� Social implications

If applicable

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Meaning:

� Copying

� Close imitation

� Steal and publish others work

Plagiarism

www.ithenticate.comwww.checkforplagiarism.netwww.duplichecker.comwww.plagiarismsoftware.netwww.turnitin.com

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Chapter 2• Literature Survey

Chapter 3

• Module 1

• Module 2

Chapter 4

• Module 3

• Module 4

Chapter 5• Results and Discussion

Chapter 6• Conclusion

Chapter 1

Thesis Compilation

No. of papers

1

1

1

1

1

Total: 5 or More

•Introduction

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Mistake / Misconception During Research

� www.google.com / www.scholar.gmail.com

� Writing wrong statements

� Should I disclose my research problem to others ?

� Sending same paper to 2 or more journals

� Sending two papers to same journal

� Harsh reply for reviewer comments

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Proof Reading

� Do not confuse reader

� Consistency

� References

� Appendix

� Verbs: Past tense / Present tense

� Research Scholar / Friends / Professional type setters

� Research Scholar / Guide / Professional proof readers

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Examiners

� You will be facing minimum 10 examiners for getting your Ph.D.

� Highest cited reference in your thesis may be your examiner

� Indian Examiner

� Foreign Examiner

� Its good if Guide has taken consent from examiners

� Candidate should not contact examiners

� Ensure confidential letters sealed before submitting to University

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Frustration During Research

� Do not stop communicating with family and friends

� Meet positive attitude research scholars

� Present papers in conferences

� Take a break

� Celebrate festivals

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Caution

� Do not let down your Guide in front of others

� Do not supersede your Guide in meetings and presentations

� Do not criticize your Guide in knowledge while discussion

� Do not imitate your Guide in front of others

� Do not always trigger your Guide to discuss your Ph.D. problem

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Pre-Cautions

� Be punctual and honest

� Take appointment for discussing your Ph.D. problem

� If possible help your Guide in academic / non-academic activities

� If possible join with your Guide for refreshments

� Discuss the topics other than your research

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Conclusion

� 21st century faculty/student have to Publish or Perish

� Think before you commit Subject and Guide

� Be Proactive

� Systematic planning with patience yields better results

� Research = Investigations (50%) + Presentations (50%)

� Research Kills, those who do not practice

Research Skills

Dr.C.G.Sreenivasa, UBDTCE, Davangere

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Limitations

� Delayed response and publication time of journal

� Research supervisor availability

� Facility for conducting research

� Finance

� Procurement time of equipment / accessories etc.

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References

� Devadasan, S.R (2010), Preparation of Research Paper in Internationally

Acceptable Format, Seminar on Research Methodology, PSG College of

Technology, Coimbatore

� Prakasan, K (2009), Why & How of Research and Research Concepts,

Seminar on Research Methodology, PSG College of Technology, Coimbatore

� www.google.co.in

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Acknowledgement

Dr.S.R.Devadasan

Professor

Department of Production Engineering

PSG College of Technology

Coimbatore – 641 004

Tamil Nadu

Dr.S.Basavarajappa

Associate Professor

Department of Mechanical Engineering

University BDT College of Engineering

Davangere – 577 004

Karnataka

Dr.B.Ramesh

Professor & Special Officer

VTU, E-Learning Center

Sathagalli Layout, Outer Ring Road

Mysore – 570 019

Karnataka

Dr.C.G.Sreenivasa, UBDTCE, Davangere

Dr.C.G.Sreenivasa, UBDTCE, Davangere

9/12/2012

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Dr.C .G.Sreenivasa

9035429113

sreenivasacg@gmai l .c om

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