research proj

APPROVAL SHEET

This research entitled “ COIL MADE LANZONES PEELINGS ” prepared and submitted

by Group 2.1 Becquerel has been examined and is recommended for acceptance and approval for

ORAL EXAMINATION.

_________________________ ______________________

Mr. George Sedutan Mr. Jeffrey Policarpio

Adviser Science IV Teacher

PANEL EXAMINERS

Accepted and approved by the panel of examiners with a grade of ____.

___________________________

Mrs. Kathleen Joy D. Ladines

Chairman

________________________ _______________________

Mr. Jeffrey T. Bernal Mrs. Nathalie C. Balota

Member Member

COIL MADE FROM LANZONES PEELINGS

A research paper

Submitted to the Science Department

Of Paranaque National High School – Main

In Partial Fulfillment

Of the Requirements for

Science IV

Submitted by:

DECENA, ANGELO P.

ABSALON, ANDREA ALORA

CORPUZ, MARY ANN

FORCADILLA, ANDREALYN M.

MACALIPAY, RHEALYN C.

SUMUNOD, MA. MERIAM D.

ADVINCULA, REYNALDO L.

LIM, RONNEL D.

PINEDA, REINIER N.

October, 2010

ACKNOWLEDGEMENT

After the long run of making the research study, finally the researchers

finished their work successfully. It is because of the persons who guided and help the researchers

during the procedure. The researchers would like to thank Mr. Jeffrey Policarpio for assisting

and giving the needs of the researchers to make the research study. Mr. Jeffrey Bernal, Mrs.

Ladines, and Mr. Brando Palomar for sharing their knowledge about the research. Mr. Crisanto

Dela Torre for his suggestions about the research study we are ought to make. The researchers

also give their special thanks to Mr. George Sedutan for being there respective adviser and for all

the efforts he made for the research of the researchers.

The researchers would also like to thank Decena, Pioquid, and Pineda family for their help and support specially for allowing the researchers to use their respective house as a venue for the research study. The researchers also thank the person incharge in the biology laboratory in Paranaque National High School for helping us and allowing to use the laboratory during the methodology.

TABLE OF CONTENT

Approval sheet

Title page

Acknowledgement

Abstract............................................................................................................................................1

CHAPTER I

Background of the study………………………………………………….………….…………..2

Introduction………………………………………………………………………...……………..2

Statement of the problem …………………………………………………………..…….……...3

Hypothesis……………………………………………………………………………...……….....3

Significance of the study……………………………………………………………...…………..4

Scope and delimitation……………………………………………………………..…………….4

CHAPTER II

Review of related studies and literature………………………………………………...………5

CHAPTER III

Methodology……………………………………………………………………………...……….8

CHAPTER IV

Results and discussions…………………………………………………………………...……..10

CHAPTER V

Conclusion…………………………………………………………………………………..…...13

BIBLIOGRAGHY………………………………………………………………………...…….14

APPENDICES…………………………………………………………………………..………15

List Of Tables

Table 1

Experiment Set up.………………………………………………………………………………8

Table 2

Experiment results……………………………...……………………….....................................10

Table 3

Materials, Amount and Expenses…………..…………………………………………………12

Table Of Figures

Figure 1

Drying of lanzones peelings………………………………………………...……………....…..15

Figure 2

Preparation after drying the lanzones peelings…………………………………...………......15

Figure 3

Beginning to pulverized the peelings………………………………………...….....................16

Figure 4

Pulverizing the peelings……………………………………………………...………………….16

Figure 5

Pulverized peelings……………………………………………………………...……………….17

Figure 6

Finished product using paste as a molder………………………………….…...……………...17

Figure 7

Wrapping the pulverized lanzones peelings…………………………………...………………18

Figure 8

Finished product using paper as a molder………………………..…………………………...18

ABSTRACT

The coil is a successful product for it is an effective repellant for mosquito due to its

content produces odor in which the mosquito does not like. Although it appears to be smokey

because of its characteristic as a dried lanzones peelings, the smell of it is pleasant and is not

irritating when smelled.

After the examinations, the experiment shows incredible results such that it gave us

quality results even though it is cheap.Even the researchers can not believe in the result because it

showed good characteristics that is almost similar to an expensive commercially sold mosquito

coil. But still it shows some bad results.

To come up in such a product, there are processes that the coil undergoes. The

researchers first dry the peelings before it was pulverized and was decided to empart a paste in it

as a molder rather than paper to decrease the production of smoke and to make it more

presentable in our naked eye.

The coil was tested in different angles to ensure the consistency of its result and was

made with respect to the stated problem. During the day of making the coil, the researchers think

of some ways or solution that will respond to the following problem and at the end of the result

for experimentation, we come up with a coil that is effective in repelling mosquito.

The researchers observed more details about the product and found out some reason

why the result seemed to be imperfect and is not exact as they expected before the research was

made. Yet, it justify our beliefs that good quality product does not require high price.

CHAPTER I

BACKGROUND OF THE STUDY

Introduction

Now a days, people loves to eat fruits. It is good for the health. There are many fruits

that are being eaten everyday and one of those fruits which is really delicious and nutritious is

lanzones. It is one of the most common fruits that is being eaten and sold everyday because of its

good taste, but whenever people eat these fruits they just throw it up. And the bad thing about this

is they contribute to some pollution such as, water pollution, air pollution and also benefits to the

growth of mosquitoes. In fact, based on REDCROSS, 40 percent of diseases is caused by dengue

in this first half of 2010. Because of this, people’s health is at risk by having disease caused by

mosquito bites such as malaria and dengue. There are other diseases also that people could get not

just by means of mosquito bites like cancer, lung defects and digestive problem. This disease is

caused by improper disposal of materials. These horrible facts should be prevented by any means

such as decreasing the production of waste materials.

Statement of the problem

Now a days, mosquito coil is important in securing our health specially our children’s

health. Today, one of the major concern of parents is malaria and dengue which is caused by the

bites of mosquito. But now, because of the advancement of science, this will allow us to become

more productive by making new alternatives from waste materials, such as making alternative for

mosquito coil. The researchers would like to seek the answers to the following questions:

1. How long will mosquito coil made from the lanzones peelings can be use?

2. How effective can the coil from lanzones repel the mosquitos?

3. What will be the result of coil when used? Is it going to be smokey and smelly?

4. Could the lanzones coil be comparable to the commercially sold mosquito coil?

Hypothesis

The following are the possible solution to the problem:

1 .Lanzones coil will be smokey.

2. The duration of coil made from lanzones is shorter than the commercially sold coil.

3. Lanzones coil is not convenient to use at home.

4 .Lanzones coil is not effective in repelling mosquitos.

Significance of the study

Lanzones peelings are waste product of lanzones fruits. If this peelings will be converted

into some product such as mosquito coil, this waste materials can be lessened and we will be able

to prevent the contribution of this waste materials to the global warming. Through this, we will

be able to resolve some of the problems in our community, especially in our home like decreasing

the trash caused by the lanzones. This will help us to guarantee the safetiness of people’s health.

Specially those who live near canals and rivers or slam areas.

Aside from this, we will also be able to provide a mosquito coil while being productive,

its because the lanzones peelings will be used to make coil. By this, we will be able to conserve

money and produce a coil that requires only materials from our waste.

Scope and Delimitation

The following statements are the scope and limits of the research:

1. The materials that the researchers will going to use is two kilos of lanzones.

2. T he peelings of lanzones will be the only part of the fruit that will be used for the research

3. Lanzones coil will be tested inside the house of the researchers volunteers to know if it is comfortable and suitable for indoor use, especially at night.

CHAPTER 2

REVIEW OF RELATED STUDIES AND LITERATURE

Mosquito coil content

Based on ehow. com DEET is the active ingredient found in many insect repellents. It is

Available inliquid, spray and lotion form. It can also be impregnated into plastics. While DEET

has come undersuspicion as being potentially hazardous, the Environmental Protection Agency

considers DEET safe for short - term exposure. DEET has a distinctive odor that some find

objectionable and, on application, may leave skin feeling greasy. It can also stain and damage

certain fabrics.Picaridin has been used as an effective alternative to DEET. It is a colorless, nearly

odorless nontoxic liquid. Products generally contain between 5 to 20 percent Picaridin. Oil of

Lemon Eucalyptus and p – Mentane – 3, 8 - diol are used as mosquito repellents. Oil of Lemon

Eucalyptus is the extract of the plant, Eucalyptus cittriodora. P – Mentane - 3, 8 - diol is the

synthesized equivalent. Both are available in spray or lotion form Methyl nonyl ketone is an oily

liquid extracted from oil of rue. Originally used as repellent for pets, it is also available for human

application. It also has a distinctive odor. IR3535 is another repellent that is applied to skin to

protect against biting insects including mosquitoes. Used in Europe for over 20 years and in the

United States since 1999, this repellent is considered safe and effective. Oil of Citronella is

derived from Citronella grass. It has a distinctive citrusy odor. It works primarily by masking the

carbon dioxide and other chemicals given off by humans that mosquitos target. The repellent is

available in candles that are burned to release to oil in the air and in topical products. Geraniol, a

substance also found in citronella, as well as lemongrass and rose oil has been identified as

a potential mosquito repellent. In the 1990's, research from the University of Florida identified

Geraniol as an effective replacement for DEET. Area Repellents and Repellents for Clothing

Permethrin is both a mosquito repellent and insecticide. Permethrin - based products can be

Applied to clothing, bed nets and camping equipment. It is a persistent repellent. Pretreated

clothing, tents, sleeping bags and other gear impregnated with Permethrin continue to repel

effectively, even after repeated washings. Allethrin is used to treat outdoor areas to control

mosquitoes. The productvaporizes when heated. Allethrin is found in mosquito coils, mats,

candles and lanterns. It is also usedas an ultra low volume spray for commercial mosquito

control. Metofluthrin is another outdoor area - wide mosquito repellent formulated in paper or

plastic strip devices that are hung up within an area to treat it. This product vaporizes readily

and does not require heating. Recently, this product has been used in small fan-operated personal

repellent devices placed nearby for protection. Natural Repellents A wide variety of natural

products are available that may provide relief from mosquitoes. These include essential oils from

lemongrass, peppermint, geranium, castor, cinnamon, rosemary, cedar, juniper, soybean, coconut

or palmarosa. These can be combined with denatured alcohol in various combinations to produce

a repellent that can be applied to the skin.

Process of making mosquito coil

As stated on freepatentsonline.com, An improved mosquito coil composition comprising

from 72 - 83% by weight based on dry ingredients of a carrier selected from sawdust having a

particle size between 70 and 200 mesh, coconut shell flour, pyrethrum marc, and mixtures

thereof, from 16 - 26% by weight based on dry ingredients potato starch and 0.5-3% by weight

based on dry ingredients of an insecticide. The process comprises dispersing the starch in water

heated to a temperature of from 40°-65° C., adding water having a temperature of between 80°-

95° C. to the dispersed water - starch mixture, mixing the starch - water gel with the filler and

insecticide, extruding the mixture into a ribbon, forming the mosquito coils from this ribbon, and

drying the formed mosquito coils.

Chemical constituents and properties of lanzones

Based on stuartxchange. com, the rind yields 6% lansium acid which is toxic. The fresh

peeling yielded a volatile oil, a resin, and some reducing acids. The resin is believed to be

nontoxic and protective to the stomach against alcohol. The outer skin of the fruit is rich in

tannin. From the seeds, two toxic and bitter substances and traces of an alkaloid. The fruit pulp

contains sucrose, saccharose, fructose and glucose. Bark is astringent.

Uses of lanzones

Based on Mr. Tacio,as stated on his writings about lanzones seed and rind is rich in tannin

and contain chemical substances that are medicinally and industrially useful. The fresh peeling

yielded a volatile oil, a resin, and some reducing acids. The resin is believed to be nontoxic and

protective to the stomach against alcohol.The decoction of bark and leaves is used for dysentery.

The powdered bark is used to treat scorpion stings. The bark resin can be used for swellings, and

is considered as an anti-spasmodic.Tincture prepared from the dried rind used for diarrhea. It also

makes a pleasant room inhalant. Lanzones has an economic potential. The USM guide points out,

“ Lanzones has potential for primary and secondary processing and the introduction of new

varieties would render this fruit more in demand and popular in the domestic and latter in the

foreign market.” Lanzones grows successfully in fertile, constantly wet but well - drained soil,

slightly acidic, sandy loam or clay loam, and rich in organic matter. MBRLC states that l anzones

cannot tolerate sandy soils near the sea and extremely alkaline soils.

CHAPTER III

METHODOLOGY

The analysis of the principles of methods, rules, and postulates employed by a discipline.

This is also the systematic study of methods that are, can be, or have been applied within a

discipline.

Table 1: Experiment Set-up

Experiment Set-up Lanzones Molder

Set-up A 2tablespoons ( 20.19g) Paper

Set-up B 2tablespoons ( 20.19g) 4ml paste

Research materials:

The researchers used 2tablespoons (20.19g) of pulverized dried lanzones peelings,

mortar and pestle, 4ml of paste and a piece of paper to make a mosquito coil, out of lanzones

peelings.

Research Procedure:

In making a mosquito coil out of lanzones peelings, the researchers dried first the

lanzones peelings under the sun for 1 day. After that, the peelings was pulverized using mortar

and pestle. To mold that pulverized peelings the researchers come-up with two set-ups. In set-up

A the researchers used a piece of paper, they just wrapped the pulverized lanzones peelings on it.

On the other hand, they used paste. They mix the pulverized peelings into the 4ml paste. The end

product was place under the sun and let it dry. After a few hours of drying it,the researchers now

have their mosquito coil made from lanzones peelings.

Research design:

The researchers undergo with this type of research to test if it is impossible to

come-up with a mosquito coil made from lanzones. The researchers are tend to do the

experimentation and observation, for them to discover “ what will be” the result is if the lanzones

peelings is used to make mosquito coil.

CHAPTER IV

RESULTS AND DISCUSSIONS

Table 2: Experiment Result

Properties to be Tested

Result

Effect Effective in repelling mosquitoes in a short period of time of usage. About 90% of effectiveness is recorded. It lessens the mosquito during its use.

Time duration (in use) The coil last for about 2 hours.

Smoke emission The coil emits amount of smoke a little bit larger than the Commercially sold mosquito coil.

Odor (smoke) Lanzones coil smells incense.

Coil length For experiment purposes, 4 inches of lanzones coil is used.

As shown in the table, lanzones coil has its featured properties regarding with its

competitiveness to other mosquito coil products sell in the market. These results are taken during

an experiment and product trial in the house of the researchers volunteer.

Effects:

For observable results, researchers conduct the trial in an isolated room, where mosquitoes

are present. The researchers volunteer lights the coil and after 20 minutes of significant result is

obtained by the researchers volunteer, the absence of mosquitoes is observed inside the room.

This result together with the time ratio for its effect to start to be observed is a good outcome for

the experiment.

Time Duration:

Another factor is considered and put into test, it is the time duration or the length of the

Time that the coil will last during its usage. In the trial, it is recorded that the coil endures for

about 2 hours with respect to its length and the rate of its combustibility cause by the lanzones

peel. A common mosquito coil sold in the market last about 6 to 8 hours in use. This is cause by

different components of the coil, decreasing its combustion while making it effective. Comparing

the 2 hours duration of the lanzones coil to other mosquito coil is still a considerable result

because the coil is composed of two table spoon of pulverized dried lanzones peelings in glue

mixture.

Odor:

Lanzones coil has features a competitive property with other mosquito coils regarding with

the odor it emits. Lanzones coil when burns smell incense which scent when compare to other

coils is more pleasant. Some coils are now scented for the reason that classic mosquito coils are

foul in odor for other people who use it. For that is why, lanzones coil has a great advantage it. It

does not need to be scented or to use other chemicals to change its fragrance. And as a result, a

lesser cost of production is recorded by the researchers.

Smoke Emission:

Taken as factor in rating a mosquito coil is its smoke emitted during combustion. In the

Experimental trial, two volunteers are using the coil. And as recorded during its usage the coil

emits a little bit larger amount of smoke compared to commercially sold mosquito coil. This is

caused by the paper used to wrap the coil in set up A. Therefore, smoke emitted by the coil can be

minimized by substituting materials other than paper.

Coil Length:

Researchers prepare 4 inches of mosquito coil. And it last for about 2 hours. In this

result, this leads us to a ratio of 2 inches is to 1 hour. A typical mosquito coil in the market last

for about 8 hours, so comparing the experimental ratio of 2:1 it requires 16 inches of lanzones

mosquito coil to cover 8 hours maximum time duration of a commercially sold mosquito coil.

Table 3: Materials Amount and Expenses

These are the market price of the materials used in the experiment. With this, a considerable

low rate of production cost can be achieved. These marks an advantage compare to other

mosquito coil when it comes to its production cost. Furthermore, as stated in the methodology of

the research waste lanzones peelings are used, therefore it helps in reducing waste product in our

environment so as to recycle. So it can be stated that this experiment is not only effective in

repelling mosquitoes but also a way of taking care of our environment.

Materials

Cost (Php) Quantity Amount

Lanzones (fruit)

Php. 20.00/kilo 2 kilos Php. 40.00

Paste Php. 2.00 2 Php. 4.00

Total Amount Php. 44.00

CHAPTER V

CONCLUSION AND RECOMMENDATION

Introductory Statement

The study reveals the following:

1. The researchers come up with the result of having a coil that has a rating of 90% (given by the users) in repelling mosquitoes due to the presence of tannin in the peelings of lanzones.

2. It emits aromatic smell which tend to repel mosquitoes.

3. The coil, when burned produce large amount of smoke than the commercially sold mosquito coil when compared, this is because of the result of drying process.

4. It produces large amount of smoke.

5. The coil is also consumed fast because of the presence of dried pulverized peelings.

6. The reseachers found out that because of the dryness of coil, it reacts faster to the fire,

causing it to consume fast.

Recommendation

The researchers recommend the following for further study:

1. Think of something that can be used as a coil other than Lanzones peelings.

2. When making coil, try some materials that emit less smoke.

3. Make a coil that is environmental friendly.

4. Make a coil that is safe to use. It should not cause bad effects to peoples health.

BIBLIOGRAPHY

• ___________________.(August 24, 2009). Moquito Repellant Ingredients. Retrieved, August 17, 2010 from http://www.ehow.com/about_5332900_ mosquito-repellent c#ixzz0wtlDH3jj

• __________________.(June 2010). Phil. Medicinal Plant. Retrieved August 17, 2010 from http : // wwwstuartxchange.org/Lansones .html,phil.

• D'orazio, Vincent T. (March 13, 1979). Mosquito coil Composition And Process Of Making The Same. Retrieved August 17, 2010 from http:// www.freepatentsonline.com/4144318.html

• Henrylito D. Tacio. (January 26, 2009). Promising fruit called Lanzones.Retrieved August 17, 2010 from http://blog.agriculture.ph/tag/promising -fruit-called-lanzones,

• _______________(May, 2010). Experimental research design. Retrieved September 1, 2010 from http:// en. Wikipedia .org /wiki/ Experimental techniques

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APPEND

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