research for hydrological and meteorological data1

RESEARCH FOR HYDROLOGICAL AND METEOROLOGICAL DATA

/SERBIAN PART

Dragoljub Miljojković, Msc civil eng.Ivana Miljojković, Master civil eng. -

Scholar from the Ministry of Education and Science

Sofia 13.07.2012.

LIBELA HIDROINŽENJERING

Hydrological measurements and observations

existed in ancient times, i.e. at the time it was recorded the first major works in ancient Rome (the Roman section of the waterway Iron Gates - Sip, Trajan's bridge under Kladovo, etc..).

1. FIRST RECORDS

Тази публикация е направена с подкрепата на Европейския съюз, чрез Програмата за трансгранично сътрудничество CCI No 2007CB16IPO006.

Съдържанието на публикацията е отговорност единствено на НИС при СУ “Св. Климент Охридски” и по никакъв начин не трябва да се възприема като израз на становището на

Европейския съюз или на Управляващия орган на Програмата.

2. STARTING WITH HYDROLOGICAL AND METEOROLOGICAL ACTIVITIES

• Meteorological activity started on 1st January 1848. - Mr. Vladimir Jaksic (1824-1892), a Professor at Belgrade University (then Big School) introduced the first meteorological observations in Belgrade.

• ”Science of Atmosphere and Atmospheric Changes and their Effects on Plants” by Mr. Vladimir Jovanovic (1863.)


• Meteorological Observatory Belgrade (1887.) by Professor Milan Nedeljkovic (1857-1950).

• Milutin Milankovic (1879-1958), a Professor at Belgrade University, member of the Serbian Academy of Science and Arts and its life-long president, synthesized his scientific work and published his famous Astronomic Theory on the Earth’s Climate Change in the book ”Kanon der Erdbestrahlung und Seine Anwendung auf das Eiszeitenproblem” in 1941.

• The first systematic hydrological observations (in Serbia -1812) - the first water measuring station near Petrovaradin – Novi Sad, on the right bank of the Danube.

• The Republic Hydrometeorological Service of Serbia (RHMSS) and Federal Hydrometeorological Service of former Yugoslavia were established in 1947.


• Federal Hydrometeorological Service of the former Yugoslavia was closed on 1 April 2003.

• Its functions was taken over by the Republic Hydrometeorological Service of the Republic of Serbia (RHMSS).

• RHMSS fulfils the international obligations of the Republic of Serbia in the field of meteorology and hydrology and actively participates in various programs and projects of the World Meteorological Organisation (WMO) and other relevant international organisations.


3. LEGAL FRAMEWORK

• The legal framework and main field of responsibility of the Republic Hydrometeorological Service of Serbia (RHMSS), as a special organisation within the state administration of the Republic of Serbia, has been regulated by the Law on State Administration (”Official Gazette of RS”, No. 79/05, 101/07 and 95/10) and the Law on Ministries (”Official Gazette of RS”, No. 16/11).

• Besides the above-mentioned laws, RHMSS are regulated by the Law on Water (”Official Gazette of RS”, No. 30/10), the Law on Air Navigation, (”Official Gazette of RS”, No. 73/10); the Law on Environment Protection (”Official Gazette of RS”, No. 36/09), the Law on Emergency Situations (”Official Gazette of RS”, No. 111/10), the Law on Planning and Construction (”Official Gazette of RS”, No. 47/03, 72/09), the Law on State Survey and Cadastre (”Official Gazette of RS”, No. 72/09 and 18/10),

3. LEGAL FRAMEWORK

4. HYDROMETEOROLOGICAL EARLY WARNING SYSTEM

Preventive protection of human lives and property.

The hydro-meteorological early warning and alert system consists of: • State meteorological and hydrological

observation system, • Computer-telecommunications system, • Analytical-forecasting system.

5. METEOROLOGICAL OBSERVATION SYSTEM AND DATA

• Meteorological observatories,• Synoptic stations,• Radiosonde stations,• Meteorological radar centers,• Airport meteorological stations,• Climatological stations,• Agrometeorological stations,• Precipitation stations,• Phenological stations.

• In the framework of the state network of meteorological stations there is a network of meteorological observatories in

Belgrade, Nis and Novi Sad.


Operational stations are: • 36 principal meteorological stations (PMS) where programs of hourly synoptic, climatological and agrometeorological observations are carried out,• 97 stations where programs of ordinary

climatological observations are carried out• 558 where programs of precipitation observations

are carried out and• 52 phenological observation stations



• At PMS measurements and observations are carried out non-stop, 24 hours a day, and the respective reports are submitted to the telecommunication centre of RHMSS in Belgrade every hour or more often if

necessary, in the form of SYNOP codes.• At ordinary climatological stations measurements are

performed three times a day and the related reports are submitted once a month.

• At precipitation stations measurements are daily and reports are monthly.

The state network of meteorological stations also includes • 28 automatic meteorological stations (АМS) and • 4 automatic land humidity measurement

stations at PMS, • 6 АМS at airports, АМS in Kosutnjak, Pancevo

and • 2 АМS at surface pits Termoelectric Power

Plant Kolubara A and B. In Belgrade there are 20 automatic rain gauges within the city network.


6. METEOROLOGICAL ANNUAL

Meteorological Annual is made on the basis of climatological measurements and observations of the meteorological stations in three terms, at 07, 14 and 21 of local time. Mean daily air temperatures :

Mean daily values concerning pressure, relative humidity and water vapour saturation:


Maximum and minimum air temperature is read out at 21 and recorded for that day.Daily precipitation amounts consider the period of 24hours, starting at 07am on the previous day till 07am on the current day, when they are registered.Snow cover depth is measured at 07am.Besides monthly and annual values registered at 99 measuring points at the territory of Serbia, the annual includes also the daily measurements at 6 stations: Belgrade, Novi Sad, Vranje, Zlatibor, Loznica and Niš.



Climatological observations were performed at 99 stations on the territory of Serbia in 2010.Climatological data include the measurements and observations at 07, 14 and 21. Observations include 51 meteorological events and measurements of 12 meteorological elements.

LIST OF CLIMATE STATIONS IN THE BASIN OF THE RIVER NIŠAVA

GL - principal meteorological stationOB - ordinary meteorological station N - altitude

No station status N width length period of work

3855 NIS GL 204 43 º 20 ’ 21 º 54 ’

1947-2010

3961 BELA PALANKA OB 291 43 º 13 ’ 22 º 19 ’

1962-2010

3963 PIROT OB 370 43 º 09 ’ 22 º 36 ’

1947-2010

3974 DIMITROVGRAD GL 450 43 º 01 ’ 22 º 45 ’

1947-2010

7. STATE HYDROLOGICAL OBSERVATION SYSTEM

On the territory of the Republic of Serbia, programs of continuous hydrological measurements and observations of surface and ground water are performed in the framework of the state hydrological observation system consisting of:• hydrological local stations;• hydrological surface water stations;• hydrological ground water stations.

The state network includes 6 hydrological regional centers, 216 surface water stations (65 with regular reporting) and 439 ground water stations.


From 216 surface water stations, 129 hydrological stations are equipped with continual water level recording instruments (limnigraphs), 51 analogous limnigraphs and 78 digital limnigraphs. Water level is monitored in the real time at 55 hydrological stations. The hydrological observation system of ground water consists 18 principal stations, 176 first order stations and 245 second order stations


State network of hydrological surfacewater stations in the basin of river Južna Morava

no

PRECIPITATION STATION altitude latitude longitude Basin1

DONJI RINJ 735 43 17 22 18 Nišava2

GLOGOVAC 310 43 15 22 12 Nišava3

BAZOVIK 710 43 18 22 28 Nišava4

TOPLI DO 700 43 20 22 41 Nišava5

KALETINAC 660 43 09 22 09 Nišava6

ČIFLIK 335 43 13 22 24 Nišava7

BLATO 490 43 09 22 31 Nišava8

DOJKINCI 880 43 14 22 47 Nišava9

VISOČKA RŽANA 700 43 10 22 49 Nišava10

KAMENICA (DIMITROVG.) 750 43 08 22 54 Nišava11

SUKOVO 475 43 03 22 39 Nišava12

VLASI 485 43 00 22 38 Nišava13

KRUPAC 405 43 07 22 41 Nišava14

695 43 06 22 49 Nišava15

SMILOVCI 680 43 05 22 51 Nišava16

KLISURA 800 42 45 22 25 Nišava

State network of precipitation stations in the Nisava riverbasin

8. APPLIED HYDROLOGY

Includes the activities of RHMSS related to preparationand archiving official hydrological data and information, analysis of the elements of surface and ground water balance, analysis of spatial/temporal of low, medium and maximum discharges and drafting expert opinions in the procedure of issue of water management conditions, spatial and urban planning and issue of hydrological conditions.

Hydrological database represents an information platform for comprehensive storage of all official hydrological data and information from the territory of the Republic of Serbia and consists of the surface water subsystem and ground water subsystem. The existing database was improved in the framework of the RHMSS project “Hydrological Forecasting System for Small and Medium Basins in Serbia” in cooperation with the NVE – Norwegian Water Resources and Energy Directorate (the WISKI hydrological system).

8. APPLIED HYDROLOGY

9. ANALYSES OF THE ELEMENTS OF WATER BALANCE

Include monitoring annual elements of surface and ground water balance and control of calculations for use in review of the regime of surface and ground water in the Republic of Serbia.

10. ANALYSIS OF LOW, MEDIUM AND MAXIMUM FLOW

As the key factor of the discharge regime is an important hydrological activity at RHMSS. These analyses contribute to the development of methods for standardization of the calculation of hydrological parameters for use in design, construction and exploitation of hydro-technical, water management, electric power and other systems and facilities.

Also, they contribute to the development of mathematical models rainfall-runoff and to application of new methods in modeling regimes of surface and ground water, especially outside the hydrological station profile and in the basins without or with scarce hydrological observations.


Map of average specific discharges in Serbia

DIMITROVGRADMaximum flows in the opinion of RHMSS Belgrade, (no. of 92-I-1-1/2006-22 24.03.2006.) Nisava River: Q1% = 158 m3/sQ2% water = 123 m3/s Q5% = 85.9 m3/s Qsr = 1.80 m3/s


R IVER NIŠ A V A

Q0,1% Q1% Q10%

Return period(year) 1000 100 10

Flow (m3/s) 1300 930 560

NIS – data about characteristical flows are taken from RHMSSnumber 92-I-1-10/2005-22 from 20.01.2005., given for this documentation.

ANEX 1: METEOROLOGICAL ANNALS FOR PERIOD 1949-2010 IN ELECTRONIC FORM.

There are no meteorological yearbooks for period 1980-1989. The content of the Meteorological Yearbook are daily values for the following stations Belgrade,Zlatibor, Novi Sad, Vranje and Nis and Loznica and monthly values for all 99 meteorological stations in alphabetical order.

ANEX 2: PRECIPITATION DATA FOR TOTAL 16 PRECIPITATION STATION ON RIVER BASIN NIŠAVA. THESE ITEMS INCLUDE DAILY MAXIMUM OF RAINFALL ANNUALLY, AND ANNUAL RAINFALLFOR THE PERIOD 1946-2006 (2010) (ELECTRONIC VERSION).

number

PRECIPITATION STATION altitude latitude longitude Basin1

GORNJI MATEJEVAC 360 43 22 21 59 Nišava2

RAUTOVO 415 43 17 22 03 Nišava3

DONJI RINJ 735 43 17 22 18 Nišava4

GLOGOVAC 310 43 15 22 12 Nišava5

BAZOVIK 710 43 18 22 28 Nišava6

TOPLI DO 700 43 20 22 41 Nišava7

KALETINAC 660 43 09 22 09 Nišava8

ČIFLIK 335 43 13 22 24 Nišava9

BLATO 490 43 09 22 31 Nišava10

DOJKINCI 880 43 14 22 47 Nišava11

VISOČKA RŽANA 700 43 10 22 49 Nišava12

KAMENICA (DIMITROVG.) 750 43 08 22 54 Nišava13

SUKOVO 475 43 03 22 39 Nišava14

VLASI 485 43 00 22 38 Nišava15

KRUPAC 405 43 07 22 41 Nišava16

GULENOVCI 695 43 06 22 49 Nišava17

SMILOVCI 680 43 05 22 51 Nišava18

KLISURA 800 42 45 22 25 Nišava

ANEX 3: HYDROLOGICAL DATA FOR 11 HYDROLOGICAL STATIONS ON NIŠAVA RIVER BASIN (ELECTRONIC VERSION).

STATION

23. DIMITROVGRAD

24. PIROT

25. BELA PALANKA

26. NIŠ

27. MRTVINE

28. STRAZIMIROVCI

29. TRNSKI ODOROVCI

30. STANIČENJE

31. RADIKINA BARA

32. BRAĆEVCI

33. VISOČKA RŽANA

http://www.hidmet.gov.rs/ciril/hidrologija/povrsinske/pov_stanica.php?hm_id=47910











23 DIMITROVGRAD

STATION DIMITROVGRAD RIVER NIŠAVA South Morava river ESTABLISHED 1959 ELEVATION "0" (masl.) 440.40 DISTANCES From the mouth (km) 138.06 BASIN AREA (km2) 482 ELEMENTS measurement and observation Mode of water stage recording: of lath (years): 1959 limnigraf from (year): 1963 digital recording of (years): - flow measurement from (year): 1961 measuring the water temperature from (year): 1964 transport of suspended sediment from (year): 1964 occurrence of ice (in years): 1959 Testing of water quality (in years): 1965

THANK YOU FOR YOUR ATTENTION!

Тази публикация е направена с подкрепата на Европейския съюз, чрез Програмата за трансгранично сътрудничество CCI No 2007CB16IPO006.

Съдържанието на публикацията е отговорност единствено на НИС при СУ “Св. Климент Охридски” и по никакъв начин не трябва да се възприема като израз на становището на

Европейския съюз или на Управляващия орган на Програмата.

research for hydrological and meteorological data1

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