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Strategic Forum for International S&T Cooperation SFIC

Research and Innovation Co-operation between the European Union,

Member States, Associated Countries and Brazil

May 2013 Background document for the SFIC workshop "Approaching Brazil"


TABLE OF CONTENT

1 - INTRODUCTION.............................................................................................................. 1

2 - ANALYSIS OF MS/AC/EU STI COOPERATION WITH BRAZIL ............................................. 2

3 - RESEARCH AND INNOVATION CONTEXT IN BRAZIL......................................................... 6

4 - REPLIES TO THE QUESTIONNAIRE................................................................................. 11

AUSTRIA........................................................................................................................ 11

BELGIUM ....................................................................................................................... 12

DENMARK ..................................................................................................................... 17

FINLAND........................................................................................................................ 19

FRANCE ......................................................................................................................... 25

GERMANY ..................................................................................................................... 33

NORWAY....................................................................................................................... 37

POLAND ........................................................................................................................ 40

PORTUGAL .................................................................................................................... 42

SPAIN ............................................................................................................................ 46

SWITZERLAND ............................................................................................................... 50

EUROPEAN UNION ........................................................................................................ 52

ANNEX 1 - QUESTIONNAIRE .............................................................................................. 58

ANNEX 2 - LIST OF FP7 COOPERATION AND CAPACITIES PROJECTS ................................... 59

ANNEX 3 - ACRONYMS OF BRAZILIAN INSTITUTIONS ........................................................ 66

ANNEX 4 - THE LAW OF TECHNOLOGICAL INNOVATION.................................................... 71

ANNEX 5 - THE NATIONAL INSTITUTES OF SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY (INCTS) ................ 73

ANNEX 6 - SIBRATEC ......................................................................................................... 74

ANNEX 7 – EMBRAPII: THE BRAZILIAN RESEARCH AND INDUSTRIAL INNOVATION COMPANY......................................................................................................................... 75

ANNEX 8 – THE SCIENCE WITHOUT BORDERS PROGRAMME............................................. 76


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1 - INTRODUCTION This brochure represents information on the research and innovation cooperation activities of Member States, FP7 Associated Countries and the European Union with Brazil. This information was collected as part of the SFIC (Strategic Forum for International Cooperation in Science and Technology) initiative on Brazil, based on a predefined questionnaire. The report focusses on the period January 2012 to January 2013. It is a non-exhaustive picture but should nevertheless provide useful insights.

Chapter two is an analysis of Member States, Associated Countries and the EU's research and innovation cooperation with Brazil, mainly based on the received replies to the questionnaire. Chapter three sketches the research and innovation context in Brazil. A more exhaustive overview is provided by the Erawatch report which is updated on a yearly basis.1 Chapter four contains the contributions received ranked in alphabetical order according to the name of the country in English.

The questionnaire used can be found in annex 1 at the end of the brochure. A list of Framework Programme Seven (FP7) projects with Brazilian partners is presented in annex 2. It is based on data extracted from CORDIS on 27 March 2013.

Annex 3 lists all the Brazilian acronyms used throughout this brochure with the corresponding Brazilian full names and their translation into English. When available a link to the institutional web site is provided.

The annexes 4 to 8 have been provided by the BILAT project B.BICE+ funded under the international Capacities programme of FP7. This project has also contributed to the content of the chapters 2 and 3.

1 Available from the Erawatch website http://erawatch.jrc.ec.europa.eu/erawatch/opencms/


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2 - ANALYSIS OF MS/AC/EU STI COOPERATION WITH BRAZIL The following analysis is based on the replies to the questionnaire and complemented with information provided by the BILAT project B.BICE+. The main points which can be drawn from the survey are as follows:

Cooperation arrangements

• Most countries have signed an S&T agreement at state level, but not all.

• All countries which answered the survey have cooperation agreements between lower governmental levels, academia or private sector actors. Many MS/AC research institutions have signed agreements with the main Brazilian research institutions (EMBRAPA, FIOCRUZ, INPE ...).

• Some agreements or programmes have been running for a considerable period of time even for more than fifteen years.

• More and more European regions are cooperating in research and innovation directly with Brazilian states, often with a strong involvement of European SMEs.

• The main Brazilian funding institutions for STI cooperation are: CAPES, CNPq and FINEP at Federal level, and FAPESP, FAPERJ and FAPEMIG at State level. Each programme allows the co-funding of 5 to 150 projects per year. The table below2 covers the programmes/agreements which regularly are organising bilateral joint calls. Memoranda of Understanding or other kinds of agreements not involving the organisation of joint calls, as well as the CsF programme, are not included.

CAPES CNPq FINEP FAPESP FAPERJ FAPEMIG Total Belgium 1 2 3 Denmark 1 1 2 Finland 1 1 2 France 8 8 1 4 2 1 24 Germany 8 1 2 3 1 2 17 Italia 2 3 1 6 Netherlands 3 1 4 Portugal 3 3 1 2 9 Slovenia 1 1 Spain 2 3 2 7 Sweden 1 1 UK 5 1 1 3 10 Israel 1 1 1 3 Norway 1 1 Switzerland 1 1 Total 35 23 10 13 5 4 90

• The actions financed cover grants or scholarships abroad (individual fellowships); joint research projects and university partnerships; bi-national doctoral colleges; visiting professorships; outstanding visiting professorships; and general international cooperation programmes.

2 Elaborated by B.BICE+ project, with the participation of the Brazilian STI funding agencies


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• CNRS, INRIA and ANR (France) have entered into an agreement with CONFAP, allowing joint calls among all or many State FAP.

• BRAGECRIM (the Brazil-Germany Programme on Manufacturing Engineering) involves 12 Brazilian and 10 Germany universities plus some Fraunhofer institutes. BRAGECRIM is supported by CAPES, CNPq and FINEP from the Brazilian side and by DFG from Germany.

Thematic priorities

• The research topics addressed in cooperation with Brazil vary widely. It is noteworthy that a large number of agreements do not have a specific thematic field and follow a bottom-up approach. They are often centred on researchers' mobility and to some extent access to European research infrastructures.

• Even so the most commonly cited research and innovation topics mentioned in the present document are:

- Agribusiness, agro food, food security, biotechnology

- Health

- Energy, biofuel, bioenergy, renewable energy

- Information and Communications Technologies

- Biodiversity

- Nanotechnology

• It is important to underline the strong tradition of cooperation in basic sciences between many MS/AC and Brazil in the disciplines of Mathematics, Physics, Chemistry, Biology and Geosciences.3

Innovation

• Innovation activities are addressed by different means and activities, and clearly become more and more important in the cooperation with Brazil.

• Establishing agreements for SMEs is a clear target for innovation activities.

• Private R&D investments and the cooperation with industry or private research organisations are drivers behind the innovation activities.

• Denmark has established an Innovation Centre and Germany a German House of Science and Innovation; both in Sao Paulo. There is also a Swedish Brazilian Research and Innovation Centre.4

• Spain and Portugal are involved in the Ibero-American research and development programme (CYTED), in innovation cooperation networks (IBEROEKA), and in a network of universities promoting innovation (RedEmprendia).

3 B.BICE+ interviews with the Brazilian institutions, MS Science counsellors and other institutions in Brasilia and in Sao Paulo 4 For more info see: http://cisb.org.br/


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• From the Brazilian side the Brazilian Enterprise for Research and Industrial Innovation (EMBRAPII) is a developing key actor. The Fraunhofer Society (the German Innovation Agency – FhG) is acting as consultant for the establishment of EMBRAPII.

• In 2012, UK and Brazil set up an innovation collaboration platform with the participation of leading Brazilian and British institutions.

• Many European Chambers of Commerce based in Brazil have with their members developed cooperation activities in the field of innovation.

Joint laboratories

• Germany, Spain and France have public joint laboratories in Brazil covering different areas.

• Under its LaBex scheme, EMBRAPA has placed researchers in France, Germany and the UK.

• Finland reports on a joint research centre between private companies, and there is private participation from Brazilian institutions or companies in the Norwegian Centres for Research Based Innovation.

• The Institute Brazil Europe (IBE), composed of universities and associated European and Brazilian partners, was established through a public call of the European Commission for the creation of a European Studies Institute in Brazil. IBE's goal is to promote the development of teaching and research on issues where the European experience can add value and significantly contribute to meeting the challenges of development in Brazil, and to improve policies and programmes of national correspondents.

• Many European companies have recently opened research centres in partnership with Brazilian universities.

Mobility schemes

• The Brazilian 'Science without Borders' (CsF) initiative is the main scheme for mobility, and most countries have cooperation agreements in place in line with this initiative. Data from March 2013 shows that 19 EU MS and 4 AC were hosting or hosted more than 60% of the total number of Brazilian CsF students and researchers.5

• In addition a variety of university and research organisation grants are offered in each country.

• Mobility schemes result in long term cooperation between institutes and are seen as highly beneficial.

5 CAPES and CNPq information on CsF


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Joint initiatives

• The standard rule is that each country funds its own researchers.

• Spain and Portugal are actively involved in a series of Ibero-American networks with the Latin American countries, which lead to different joint activities.

• France has its own network with the Latin American countries (MATH AMSUD, STIC AMSUD) and is also involved in joint activities between French Guyana and Brazil (Brazilian Amazonian State FAPs), and with Brazil and Africa (CNPq/IRD/APGMV).6

• The ERA-NETs and INCO-NETs - EULARINET and EULANEST (FP6) and ALCUE-NET and ERANET-LAC (FP7) - deliver a solid foundation for establishing joint initiatives.

• Many Brazilian agencies launch calls outside the framework of international cooperation agreements, but that still allow international participation. The APORTA project identified that 17% of the total of Brazilian calls in Research and Innovation allowed international participation. The European participation in these calls is important. Available data indicates that European researchers represent approximately 50% of all foreign participants in Brazil. This Brazilian based framework strongly contributes to Europe/Brazil cooperation in research.7

6 http://www.cnpq.br/web/guest/chamadas-publicas?p_p_id=resultadosportlet_WAR_resultadoscnpqportlet_INSTANCE_0ZaM&filtro=abertas&detalha=chamadaDivulgada&idDivulgacao=1321 7 APORTA final report 2012


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3 - RESEARCH AND INNOVATION CONTEXT IN BRAZIL

Current status

Brazil is Latin America’s largest country. Its GDP in 2011 reached €1,907 billion, thereby being the world’s 6th largest. In 2010 the overall investment in S&T (GERD) reached 1.16% of GDP, a share that is below the OECD median (2.3 %), but above other major Latin American economies such as Argentina, Chile and Mexico.8 The goal is to reach 2.2% by 2022. Business expenditure on R&D (BERD) level in Brazil is relatively low (48% of GERD in 2010). The level of R&D expenditure in Sao Paulo State was 1.52% of GDP in 2008 (50% of Brazil’s total GERD) with a BERD share of 63%.9

During the last decade Brazil has faced a positive evolution of several indicators related to the improvement of scientific and technological efforts. This is reflected in the increasing number of researchers, in the growth of R&D expenses, and in the number of postgraduate scholarships, as well as in indicators of scientific publications and, more modestly, patents. In 2007-2008 Brazilian research passed well established scientific nations such as Israel, Switzerland, Russia, the Netherlands and Belgium to become the world's 13th largest producer of scientific publications.10 The rate of publications is growing at 8% per year (2.12% of the total world publications).

Yet, Brazil’s indicators for human resources in science and technology (HRST) remain weak. In 2006, there were only 1.5 researchers per thousand in the total employment population.11 Science and engineering degrees increased to 11% of all new degrees in 2007, yet this is only around half the OECD average. Per million inhabitants, Brazil has one-fourth the number of researchers compared to Spain, and one-eighth the number in South Korea. A comparatively low 11% of the population aged 25-64 is qualified at the tertiary level. However, there is a rising trend in doctorates awarded. In spite of low graduation rates, Brazil, like Russia, awards more doctorates per capita than the OECD average.

Human capital is a significant correlate of innovation among Brazilian manufacturing firms. In firms characterized by competitive strategies based on innovation and product differentiation, average schooling is almost two years higher than for firms characterized as specializing in standardized products. The average for years of schooling by workers in the second category, in turn, is almost one more year than the average for workers in firms that do not differentiate their products and have lower productivity. The average job tenure also is correlated strongly with years of schooling, suggesting that the more innovative firms also probably invest more in worker training and retrain longer.12

Firms operating across a number of industries and sectors are demanding more skilled workers than the labour market currently offers, leading to unmet hiring quotas, increased pressure on existing employees and slower firm growth. The shortage is especially pronounced for firms in need of technicians and engineers. Given their demand for large numbers of these specialist employees, the oil and gas, real estate and aerospace industries

8 World Bank at: http://data.worldbank.org/ . Exchange rate used is 1 US$ = 0.77 € 9 Science, Technology & Innovation Indicators in the State of São Paulo / Brazil 2010 10 Parcerias Estratégicas CGEE Dec 2010 11 http://www.oecd.org/sti/inno/46663708.pdf 12 World Bank report : Knowledge and Innovation for Competitiveness in Brazil (2008)


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have been hit particularly hard by the shortfall (in 2012, 71% of employers in Brazil were unable to find the skilled workers they needed for the operation of their businesses). Though the number of engineers formed has been increasing in recent years, this number (47.000 new graduates in 2009) is about half of the demand.13

Despite of the growing number of qualified scientific publications, Brazil is still producing a very modest number of international USPTO patents compared to China and India.14 In 2009, China filed for over 8,000 international patents; Brazil only filed for 480. In Brazil, the Ministry of Science and Technology estimates that 70% of R&D expenses are financed with public resources. In addition, 80% of Brazilian researchers carry out their activities within public institutions (universities or research centres), concentrating on the production of scientific papers. In fact, Brazilian universities are producing more patents (but very few are licensed) than the industrial sector. This dilemma reflects the absence of an innovative industrial sector investing in R&D. Private investment (Business expenditure on R&D: BERD) is still limited; R$ 21 billion in 2010, which corresponds to only 47% of the total expenditures of the Brazilian economy in those activities.15

Despite widespread consensus about its benefits, innovation is still far from driving the Brazilian national economy forward. The Global Innovation Index16 placed Brazil 58th in 2012 (it was placed 68th in 2010), which can be compared to China's 34th position, and India's 64th.

Over the last few years, due to government university-industry research promotion programmes, the expansion of Petrobrás university cooperative programme as well as the entry of several other large, national and multinational, firms (Vale, CSN, Braskem, Oxiteno and Natura among others) and government incentives for universities to become more innovation-oriented, the number of universities actively involved in science and technology transfer has increased.

A study by ABDI and ANPEI has shown that large multinational firms in Brazil refer to the quality and framework of their interactions with universities as the main reason for their willingness to increase investment in R&D in Brazil.17 This study surveyed 48 multinational firms located in Brazil, from the automotive, information technology, chemistry, pharmaceutical, metallurgy, energy/electricity, electronics and telecommunications, food, hygiene, capital goods, semiconductors, and aluminium and metals sectors. The majority (49%) were subsidiaries of US multinationals, with German (11%) and French (10%), and others nationalities making up the remainder. Almost all (96%) had R&D investments in Brazil. According to the interviewees, 80% of these activities were for development of new products, processes and services, and 20% were devoted to pure research of which 69% was experimental developmental research, 18% applied research and 13% research devoted to adaptation of products to the Brazilian market.

Brazil is today undergoing profound and very rapid changes to strengthen its innovation system. A strong international interest in scientific, technical and technological cooperation has resulted in the last years in a significant and growing investment of large groups, both Brazilian and international, in partnership with universities and research organizations. The

13 Cf. Inovação em pauta n°6 da FINEP www.finep.gov.br/pagina.asp?pag=comunicacao_revista_inovacao_pauta_6 14 http://www.inovacao.unicamp.br/destaques/deposito-de-patentes-do-brasil-no-exterior-cresceu-17-em-2011 15 Indicadores do MCTI : http://www.mct.gov.br/ 16 http://www.globalinnovationindex.org/gii/ 17 Revista da ANPEI Engenhar n° 5, 2007 http://www.anpei.org.br/wp-content/uploads/2008/08/engenhar2007_5.pdf


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strong investment of European companies in the Brazilian system of research could also be considered as a strategic basis to improve the Euro-Brazilian cooperation in research and its priority given to innovation.

Policies

Brazil´s aim is to strengthen further its science, technology and innovation capacities. It is already among the world leaders e.g. in agro-biotechnology, biofuels, deep sea petroleum extraction, aeronautics, urban transport, health research and ICT. It has several strong research universities. This performance, however, does not spill over to the entire, very diverse Brazilian economy. In particular, the many SMEs have a rather limited innovation performance. Inadequate framework conditions and substantial social challenges, such as poverty, explain the generally weak science, technology and innovation (STI) performance.

Brazil’s R&D&I institutional framework and political environment underwent significant changes from 2003, with the launch of Brazil’s Industrial, Technological and Trade Policy (PITCE) and, one year later (2004), with the promulgation of the Innovation Law. The 2008 white paper on Industrial Policy for the Development of Production strengthened government support for industrial innovation. In 2007, the Science and Technology Plan (PACTI) stressed the importance of creating public support for innovation in industry, and to give an increased role for universities in this process.

In 2011 the Federal Government launched an ambitious policy for researcher training and mobility - the Science without Borders (CsF) programme - which represented a major shift in the country’s international cooperation strategy for the area so far. It will enable up to 101 thousand Brazilian students and researchers over four years to study at leading international universities, or to work in well-targeted industrial laboratories worldwide within areas of strong industrial interest in Brazil such as natural sciences, engineering, agriculture, energy, health and ICT. The Government of Brazil is funding 75,000 scholarships and a further 26,000 are being funded by the private sector.18

The new industrial policy blueprint, the Greater Brazil Plan (PBM), also adopted in 2011, gives innovation a central role and includes proposals for significant changes in legal frameworks.19 Moreover, the 2012-2015 National Strategy in Science, Technology and Innovation (ENCTI) was designed to: i) close the technological gap with developed economies; ii) support Brazil’s leadership in the nature-related knowledge economy (including green innovation, agribusiness and other natural-resource-based activities); iii) strengthen the internationalisation of the national research system; iv) foster the development of a green economy; and v) address social and regional inequalities.

The Brazilian government also announced in March 2013 that about €12 billion will be available to support innovation in enterprises. The measures announced include the creation of the EMBRAPII, a dedicated institute for research and innovation in industry.

International cooperation in the form of multilateral and bilateral agreements has grown in recent years partly due to Brazil’s richness in natural resources but also its growing domestic market and international role in key global issues as climate change and renewable energy. As from 2011, Brazil has strengthened several bilateral cooperation agreements in STI

18 http://www.cienciasemfronteiras.gov.br/web/csf 19 http://www.brasilmaior.mdic.gov.br/inicio


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notably with Germany, France, United States, United Kingdom, Finland and Switzerland, and the European Union as a whole.

Institutional players

At the federal level the main player is the Ministry for Science, Technology and Innovation (MCTI). Through its sub-secretariat on coordination of research units (SCUP) it manages over 20 units of scientific, technological and innovative research. The two major research funding agencies linked to the MCTI are:

• CNPq, which is the central organisation that sets the tone for Brazilian policy; it grants scholarships to the training of professionals in all fields of scientific and technological research, both in Brazil and abroad and funds research projects either directly or in partnership with State Funding Agencies.

• FINEP, which is the lead agency offering support to innovation efforts within private industry, universities, and non-profits through loan and grant programmes.

The Ministry of Education (MEC) is another major player at the federal level. It includes the Higher Education Secretariat (Secretaria de Educação Superior - SESU) and its main funding agency CAPES (Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior).

The national development bank BNDES (Banco Nacional de Desenvolvimento Econômico e Social) funds projects initiated by SMEs in innovation and regional development.

On the level of the states, State Secretariats are in charge of science, technology and innovation issues. They are grouped in the “National Council of State Secretaries for Scientific and Technology and Innovation Affairs” (CONSECTI). Funding is managed by the State research support foundations. They are grouped in the “National Council of State Research Support Foundations" (CONFAP).

Public funding of R&D

Although federal sources account for most science funding, state-funded programmes play a significant role in some states, In 2010 public-sector expenditure on R&D in Brazil totalled R$23 billion. Of that amount, R$7 billion came from state coffers; approximately a third of the total public investment in science and innovation. Sao Paulo alone accounts for nearly three quarters of this total (R$5 billion). Even though Sao Paulo is the largest recipient of federal funds, about two thirds of public funding for R&D comes from state sources.

Across states, however, the distribution of R&D investments varies significantly. The next biggest public investment on R&D are by the Rio de Janeiro State with R$ 489 million and Parana State with R$ 414 million. Next in the ranking are Minas Gerais (R$ 214 million), Santa Catarina (R$ 210 million) and Bahia (R$120 million). The remaining 20 states and the Federal District devoted a combined R$ 541 million to R&D in 2010.20

Much remains to be done in order to arrive at a situation in which science and technology is less concentrated in Sao Paulo. The data show that this is not an issue of differences in wealth, but rather in priorities. In 2008, the state of Sao Paulo spent 23 times as much as

20http://www.mct.gov.br/index.php/content/view/317045/Brasil_Dispendios_dos_governos_estaduais_em_pesquisa_e_desenvolvimento_P_D_por_execucao_segundo_regioes_e_unidades_da_federacao.html


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Minas Gerais on R&D; yet its GDP was only 3.6 times as large. Although its research expenditure was 11 times that of Rio de Janeiro’s, its GDP was only three times greater.

The Innovation Law (2004) and the Good Law (2005)

Initially inspired by the French law on innovation and research (1999), the Innovation Law21 (2004) has the objective to provide the legal framework needed to improve Brazil’s capacity to generate and commercialize technology at the Federal level. State level laws are expected to expand this framework to state level public universities and research centres. The law deals with incentives to increase the establishment of cooperative links between public scientific and technological institutions, and enterprises. It also regulates the use and the negotiation of IP generated from collaborative activities between public S&T institutions and firms.

Public S&T institutions have long struggled to formalize activities involving collaboration with enterprises. The current legal framework compels them, among other things, to undertake a public bidding process for the licensing of technologies. With this new regulation, public S&T institutions are able to accelerate the process of licensing and selecting the best partners. The law allows STIs to negotiate the use of their laboratories with SMEs.

The Innovation Law also requires public S&T institutions to create “Offices of Technological Innovation” (Núcleos de Inovação Tecnológica) which, among other duties, will be responsible for the management of the technology generated by researchers, with special attention to decisions regarding intellectual property and licensing.

The law makes it possible for public funding agencies to transfer non-refundable resources to private companies, which was prohibited until then. In addition, there is a special requirement for funding agencies to promote specific programmes to stimulate innovative projects in micro and small enterprises. The law regulates the acquisition of intellectual property by public S&T institutions from independent inventors.22

In 2005, Brazil adopted the "Lei do Bem" (Good Law).23 From 2008, this new law has granted tax exemptions on expenses incurred by companies on innovative projects. The average tax deductions reach 30% of expenses on innovation.

Any company based in Brazil can benefit from this scheme without having to go beyond state-of-the-art innovations worldwide. Companies are simply required to invest in production processes or in creation/improvement of a product or service. The Good Law can neither be refunded nor carried over. Companies must therefore be taxable to become eligible. The Good Law is a tax credit that requires both declaring and justifying eligibility in case of a tax audit. Companies must then be able to build a complex technical file.

21 Cf. OAB 2006 http://www.oabsp.org.br/comissoes2010/direito-propriedade-imaterial/artigos/a-lei-da-inovacao-lei-no-10.973-de-02.12.2004 22 A discussion of intellectual property and how it affects trade is beyond the scope of this brochure. For more information see for instance: http://www.jurisnotes.com/IP/articles/iptradebarriers.htm 23 Cf. IADB Documento para discussão Sept 2012 http://www.iadb.org/intal/intalcdi/PE/2012/11309.pdf


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4 - REPLIES TO THE QUESTIONNAIRE

AUSTRIA

Co-operation Framework

There is no bilateral agreement on S&T on governmental level so far. Cooperation (generally mobility) is currently conducted on institutional level. There are 19 agreements involving 13 universities on each side. The Brazilian “hot spots” are: the University of Sao Paulo - USP (5) and the University of Rio de Janeiro - UFRJ (3). An agreement pertaining to the Brazilian initiative “Science without Borders” is in development (possible conclusion in spring 2013).

Priorities

There is currently no strategy towards Brazil, but a strategy towards Latin America (including Brazil) is under development.

Main initiatives and programmes

Cooperation (generally mobility) is currently conducted on institutional level: 19 agreements involving 13 universities on each side. The University of Sao Paulo (5) and the University of Rio de Janeiro (3) are the most active Brazilian universities. The most active Austrian university is the University for Mining, Metallurgy, and Materials (Montanuniversität)

Enhancing Mobility

Cf. above

Trilateral or multilateral joint initiatives

Austria participates in 22 FP7 projects with Brazilian partners including the INCO-NET EULARINET (See annex 2).


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BELGIUM


• Memorandum of Understanding between the Federal Science Policy Office (BELSPO) and the Brazilian National Council for Scientific and Technological Development CNPq – expected to be signed in 2013.

- Motivations: general approach of 'networking' with BRICS - countries, existing contacts and mutual interest for cooperation in certain domains, knowledge exchange, raise research excellence of federal research institutes and contribute jointly to resolve common challenges

• Agreement between National Council for Scientific and Technological Development (CNPq) and the Research Foundation - Flanders (FWO) – signed in 2012

- Steering committees are held when deemed necessary by both parties. Joint evaluation panels convene after each call.

- Motivation: focus on joint research projects between Flemish and Brazilian researchers.

• Agreement between Wallonie-Bruxelles International (WBI) and CAPES: research and mobility – signed 2009

- One steering committee per call, after internal evaluation by each institution.

- Motivation: strengthen research relations with Brazil.

• Agreement between Fonds National de la Recherche Scientifique (FNRS) and CNPq: research and mobility – signed 1994 and renewed 2009

- One steering committee per call, after internal evaluation by each institution.

- Motivation: strengthen research relations with Brazil.

• Flanders, Wallonia and Harbour Secretary: exchange of experience and information in waterways management & training – signed 2010

- No steering committee foreseen.

- Motivation: Interest of the Brazilian Ministry of Transports to benefit from Belgian expertise, interest for Belgium to have Brazil as partner in the waterways area.

• Agreement between CIRI and CAPES/CNPq in the frame of the Science without Borders programme: Students' mobility – signed 2012.

- No steering committee foreseen. A meeting will be held soon between CNPq and CIRI (Commission Interuniversitaire des Relations Internationales) in order to agree on the form and calendar. A corner stone of the collaboration is the selection of the students on the basis of the prerequisites of the host institutions and CIRI.

- Motivation: facilitate flow of information towards the students.


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• Memorandum of Understanding under negotiation between the Walloon Region – DG06/ Division Opérationnelle Economie, Emploi et Recherche and FAPESP (Foundation supporting research in the State of São Paulo): financing of SMEs R&D projects – signature expected in 2013.

- One steering committee / project.

- Motivation: incentivize the R&D projects between SMEs of both countries in order to create projects with added value and joint ventures.

• MoU between Centre Spatial de Liège (CSL) and Brazilian Spatial Agency: topic to be developed – signed 2009

- No steering committee foreseen.

- Motivation: performance of R&D projects and for CSL, the opportunity to enter into business relationship with Brazilian Space Agency in aero technologies and space technologies applied to ground.

- NB: until today the agreement is only virtual since no project has been identified

• Agreement Wagralim (agro-alimentary cluster of the Walloon Region) and FAPESPA (Foundation supporting research for the Amazonas State) topic to be developed – signed 2010.

- Motivation: Encourage and strengthen cooperation in the agro-alimentary field.

- NB: until today the agreement is only virtual since no project has been identified.

• Letter of understanding (April 2012) between the Belgian Nuclear Research Centre (SCK-CEN) and National Council for Scientific and Technological Development (CNPq) of the Federal Republic of Brazil and (several forms of S&T cooperation, access to facilities and resources, exchange of students and researchers, exchange of joint R&D policies and strategies)

• Memorandum of Understanding on higher Education, Science and Research between the Belgian Nuclear Research Centre (SCK-CEN) and the Brazilian Federal Agency for Support and Evaluation of Graduate Education (CAPES/MEC)

Priorities

At the federal level (BELSPO), the first priority field identified is biodiversity/climate change cooperation. Cooperation will be initially focused on a partnership with the Museu Paraense Emílio Goeldi. A particular attention will be given to the Amazon basin/Congo Basin comparison and common challenges.

At the regional level, most of the initiatives of the Walloon Region are dictated according to the 6 priority areas defined by the Walloon Region and structuring the Walloon clusters: i) agro-alimentary, ii) life sciences and health, iii) aerospace, iv) transport and logistics, v) mechanics and engineering, vi) green technologies since 2010). It is the case of the WBI-CAPES agreement and will be the case of the MoU FAPESP-DGOEER.

At the French-speaking community level, the priorities, translated in the agreement with CNPq are the following: applied sciences, biomedical sciences, chemical sciences, human and


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social sciences, mathematics and physics, and finally, terrestrial, oceanographic, atmospheric and spatial sciences.

For Flanders, the Research Foundation - Flanders (FWO) - does not have a specific R&I strategy with Brazil, nor does it have any predefined priority areas in which research will be funded in general. The FWO approach is bottom-up. Scientific domains are decided upon from call to call. For the 2012 call the following domains were selected: i) biotechnology; ii) micro-electronics; iii) nanotechnology; iv) space science; v) nuclear science; vi) earth sciences; vii) ecology; viii) agricultural sciences; ix) health sciences. FWO decided to cooperate with Brazil because it wants to facilitate Flemish researchers’ international competitiveness by enabling research cooperation with excellent international partners, such as the BRIC countries.

Joint Institutes/laboratories

The agreement creating the IBE (Institute Brazil Europe) was signed in 2010 by Université Libre de Bruxelles, some other European universities and Brazilian universities.

The Steering Committee meets on a quarterly basis.

The objective is to increase cooperation between European and Brazilian universities: facilitate communication between partners; anticipate calls from the EU by selecting the ad hoc research teams of the partners in order to submit the most accurate and scientifically relevant proposal in relation to EU Research Programmes; and establish the Institute of European Studies in Brazil as foreseen in the EU Brazil Science and Technology Agreement.

Enhancing Mobility

The BELSPO (incoming) post-doctoral programme is since 2006 open to Brazilian experts. Expected impact on the cooperation: contribute to long term institutional cooperation.

Both in the FWO-framework of the joint research projects, as in the framework of the exchange projects, Flemish researchers can use the granted budget to (have junior researchers) travel to Brazil. On the Brazilian side, the “Science without Borders” programme is used.

On the other hand, the existing mobility schemes for the researchers of the French-speaking community of Belgium are principally the CAPES/WBI and CNPQ/FNRS agreements and the Science without Borders programme regarding bilateral mobility schemes.

Marie Curie Action grants are also a tool as well as individual grants from universities or financing institutions such as CAPES themselves.

These experiences often lead to long term collaborations between laboratories although the conditions imposed by CAPES, for example, to its grant researchers impede Brazilian researchers to stay in the host country after the grant period.

Innovation-related activities

The innovation dialogue occurs through the agreements between CAPES/WBI and CNPq/ FNRS, and will take place through the MoU FAPESP-DGOEER.

In 2010, for the first time, the official trade mission of the Belgian Crown Prince included universities' technology transfer representatives. A workshop was held, presenting the open


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innovation in Belgium but no official agenda was foreseen afterwards to allow dialogue in the innovation and technology transfer area (though spontaneous initiatives were taken in order to meet Brazilian TTOs and research financing institutions)

Both agreements (CAPES/WBI and FAPESP/DGOEER) imply joint funding and are based on the six priority areas defined by the Walloon Government (cf. above). The FNRS-CNPq agreement relates more to fundamental research, which can also lead to innovation (see priorities above).

The agreement between Flanders, Wallonia and Harbour Secretary implies also an exchange mechanism of experiences and information in waterways management & training.


• The BELSPO programme 'Topping up for networking': joint (bi) annual call for proposals. This cooperation instrument allows on-going matched research projects from both sides to receive additional funding for networking activities.

BELSPO has opened the national research Programme 'BRAIN.be' (2012-2017) for integrated research projects, to third countries (co-funding basis). The funding of non-Belgian partners by BELSPO amounts to max. 20% of the total requested network budget. The non-Belgian partner is responsible for the co-funding for at least the same amount as that requested from BELSPO.

'Networking activities' with the Federal Scientific Institutes: a yearly call for proposals is organised for the FSI's in view of networking with (non - EU) third countries.

• EU programmes (FP7 and Marie Curie Actions), CAPES-WBI agreement, CNPq-FNRS agreement.

• Partners from universities, from all the country (UFPA, UFPE, UFRJ, USP, UNICAMP, UnB, UFSC, PUCRGS, UFOP, UFMG, UFU, UFRGS, UNESC, University Feevale Novo Hamburgo, LNCC Petrópolis...)

• In the case of bilateral programmes, the Belgian partners (WBI, FNRS) are paying for the Belgian researchers' expenses.

• MoU FAPES-DG06 under negotiation. This should allow R&D cooperation between SMEs

• Particular funding is searched for specific projects (research but also executive masters).


This approached is not used yet.

Some synergies have been detected for trilateral cooperation on Trypasonomiasis and on research related to the Amazon/Congo Basins with Belgium, Brazil and Africa.

As FWO and DGO6 fund ERA-Networks, this European funding scheme could be used by Belgian researchers to cooperate with Brazilian partners on a multilateral level.

Belgium participates in 55 FP7 projects with Brazilian partners (See annex 2).


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Further information on Science, research and innovation

BELSPO

• BRAIN-programme open to third countries: http://www.belspo.be/belspo/brain-be/index_en.stm

• Post-doctoral Programme: http://www.belspo.be/belspo/organisation/call_postdoc_en.stm

FWO

http://www.fwo.be

Call WBI-CAPES

• http://www.wbi.be/cgi/objects3/objects/media/0/1/3/5/7/0135747_media/media0135747_media_1.pdf

• http://www.wbi.be/cgi/bin3/render.cgi?id=0135720_article&ln=ln1&userid=&rubr=coop+inst+gen+presse+design

Call FNRS - CNPq

http://www1.frs-fnrs.be/fr/communiquer-en-transparence/archives-news/1-fnrs/750-appel-a-projets-2011-accord-bilateral-avec-le-bresil-cnpq.html

DGO6

http://recherche-technologie.wallonie.be/

Walloon Clusters

http://clusters.wallonie.be/federateur-fr/les-poles-de-competitivite-wallons.html?IDC=341

IBE

http://www.ibe.usp.br/index.php/en/

CIRI

http://www.ciuf.be/cms/presentation-2.html


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DENMARK


At national level Denmark and Brazil have entered into:

• A bilateral agreement on Scientific and Technological Cooperation signed on 9 June 1986 in Brasilia.

• A Memorandum of Understanding signed on 17 February 2011 in Brasilia between the Danish Ministry of Science, Technology and Innovation, and MCTI and MCE on Bilateral Cooperation in Science, Technology, Innovation and Higher Education.

The MoU gives priority to the following areas: Renewable energy and environment, Agricultural and food science, Health, Nano-science and technology, Biotechnology, Information and communication technology and Governmental policy of innovation.

• Steering committees meeting are foreseen every three years on mutually convenient dates.

In addition, all Danish universities have entered into a Memorandum of Understanding on Higher Education and Research with CAPES. This was followed by an administrative services agreement between CAPES and the Danish universities in order to implement PhD degree and postdoctoral scholarships in Denmark under the programme “Science without Borders”.

Furthermore a number of state level agreements and bilateral institutional agreements have been signed in the last few years.

Priorities

The Danish Government in its Growth Market Strategy for Brazil (May 2012) includes a number of higher education (HE) and research and innovation (R&I) initiatives with the overall purpose of maintaining and strengthening both collaborative activities and promotion of Danish knowledge, services and products. Priorities in the strategy include: collaboration on maritime education, scientific collaboration within food sciences (primarily with EMBRAPA), active participation in the CsF programme and development of a dedicated programme for attraction and recruitment of Brazilian students and talents to Danish higher education and professional careers.


The Danish Government has decided to open in 2013 an innovation centre in São Paulo (co-located with the Danish Consulate General). The innovation centre shall function as a facilitator for cooperation with Brazilian education, research and innovation environments in various fields and areas, and help Danish companies and institutions in the process of identifying technologies and potential research and innovation partners, who can develop and globalize Danish business models and Danish research.

Currently there are no Danish-Brazilian funding opportunities or thematic calls for proposals specifically or exclusively addressing innovation. Nevertheless innovation activities and the engagement of private R&D and enterprises constitutes a significant element in the existing funding possibilities e.g. the Danish International Network Programme and the Danish


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Council for Strategic Research and FAPESP joint funding of scientific collaboration within food sciences.

Informal dialogue on innovation policies has been taking place with several Brazilian institutions and organizations for example SEBRAE.


The main R&I cooperation activities between Denmark and Brazil consist of scientific collaboration (from exploratory workshops to concrete research collaboration) and mobility and exchange of students and researchers. The Brazilian partners include both federal and state funding organisations and a number of Higher Education Institutions.

The Danish Agency for Science, Technology and Innovation’s International Network Programme funds exploratory visits and workshops between Danish and Brazilian scientists.

Since 2011 the Danish Council for Strategic Research and FAPESP issue joint calls funding scientific collaboration in food science between Danish and São Paulo State researchers. Each funding body funds its own national activities.

The Danish ministries for Science, Innovation and Higher Education, and Business and Growth are currently negotiating a MoU on maritime education with the Brazilian navy.


The Danish university Copenhagen Business School is an affiliate member of the EU-funded Institute Brazil Europe (IBE).

Enhancing Mobility

All eight Danish universities participate in the postgraduate modalities of CsF. CAPES and the Danish universities have entered a service agreement entailing the payment of a fee partially covering the expenses of the Danish host institutions of CsF scholars.

At institutional level a number of bilateral agreements on student mobility exist, normally based on the principle of waived tuition fees.


Denmark participates in 29 FP7 projects with Brazilian partners (See annex 2).

Further information on research and innovation

• http://icdk.um.dk/en/

• http://www.swbdenmark.dk/

• http://fivu.dk/en/research-and-innovation/councils-and-commissions/the-danish-council-for-strategic-research/international-cooperation/danish-brazilian-cooperation?searchterm=brazil


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FINLAND


Agreement on Cultural, Educational and Scientific Cooperation between the Government of the Republic of Finland and the Government of the Federative Republic of Brazil (as of 1990)

Priorities

Priorities are set in Finland’s Latin America and Caribbean Action Plan 201324. They are: ICT, microelectronics, sustainable mining, renewable energy, off shore industrial cooperation, water related topics, also research on education and training, innovations in learning (Technology in Boundless Learning Environments).


Finnish-Brazilian Cooperation Seminar on Science, Technology and Innovation 26.2.2013


Funding bodies

There are research funding agreements between the Academy of Finland with CNPq (since 2008) and with FAPESP (since 2012)25. In addition, Tekes - the Finnish Funding Agency for Technology and Innovation negotiations - is funding with FINEP several projects targeting Finnish-Brazilian innovation cooperation.

Research performing organisations

Technical Research Centre of Finland (VTT)

VTT is a globally networked multi-technological applied research organization. VTT offers multidisciplinary expertise and research infrastructures and technological solutions in fibre processing, biotechnical processing and energy production.

VTT Brasil LTDA is offering research services to the pulp and paper, chemical and energy industries. This includes bio-refining solutions for the Brazilian market in wood and fibre processing, biotechnical processing and energy production. VTT and the Kemira company opened a joint water research centre in São Paulo in 2011.

The National Institute for Health and Welfare (THL)

THL has hosted the Secretariat for International Association of National Public Health Institutes (IANPHI) since 2006. The IANPHI was formally chartered in Rio Janeiro, Brazil in 2006 with 39 founding members. With a current membership of 81 NPHI directors from over seventy countries, IANPHI continues to expand the network and operationalize an ambitious agenda of collaboration, service, and advocacy.

24 Available at: http://www.kopijyva.fi/ejulkaisut/ulkoasiainministerio/UM_02_2013_eng 25 More info at: http://www.aka.fi/en-GB/A/Funding-and-guidance/Funding/International-coopearion/South-America/Brazil


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The Geological Survey of Finland (GTK)

From mining and minerals industry point of view GTK is interested to further discuss the possibility of a bilateral or EU coordinated R&I collaboration. GTKs interest is in accordance with strong national and European momentum of mineral raw materials politics.

Finnish Geodetic Institute (FGI)

FGI has a bilateral agreement of co-operation with UNESP on photogrammetric and airborne remote sensing research, dating from autumn 2010. Research interests cover geospatial knowledge infrastructure, airborne remote sensing, photogrammetry, mobile mapping (applied to land use change, forest mapping, corridor-type infrastructure planning and mapping).

Finnish Forest Research Institute (METLA)

Longstanding research cooperation with Brazil (see CASE 2 under 'Further information').

Finnish Game and Fisheries Research Institute (FGFRI)

Information exchange and visits.

Finnish Meteorological Institute (FMI)

Longstanding cooperation with Brazil (see CASE 3 under 'Further information').

Universities

Selected highlights / cases:

NOBRE Brazilian-Finnish Network of excellence on Biomass and Renewable energy. Several universities in Brazil and Finland, coordinators Professor Claudio Oller (USP) and Professor Pedro Fardim (Åbo Akademi University) as of 2013 (www.nobrefibr.org).

Aalto on Waves student project (2011)

Aalto on Waves was a student-driven innovation project where 100 people from Aalto University travelled by ship to Brazil. During the journey, they created a social impact through learning and collaborating on real challenges. The participants visited Sao Paolo and Rio de Janeiro (USP and UFRJ). Participants of Aalto on Waves were students, staff members and Alumni from the Aalto University and partner representatives.

Agreements (selected examples of strategic partnerships)

University of Helsinki and Universidade de Sao Paolo (since 2001): several forms of cooperation (exchange students, mobility of researchers, doctoral students, other staff, degree students, BA/Ma/PhD Programmes in Portuguese, Courses in Brazilian Culture and society, GIFN Global Industry Forestry Network since 2009 etc)

University of Turku and University of Åbo Akademi are part of the COIMBRA Group26 which is matched in Brazil by the GCUB. (Grupo Coimbra de Universidades Brasileiras)

Aalto University has several international networks with Brazilian partner universities (academic collaboration and student exchange).

Several Finnish universities have long standing agreement based cooperation with Brazilian counterparts (10 out of 14). 26 More info at: http://www.coimbra-group.eu/


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Polytechnics (universities of applied sciences)

Nine (out of 25) polytechnics have official, agreement based or unofficial cooperation with Brazilian counterparts.

The following cooperation mechanisms are being used:

- Academy of Finland/ joint calls, workshops

- HEIs/ researcher mobility, joint projects, doctoral training cooperation

- Research performing organisations/ joint projects, networks

The Academy provides funding for international joint projects through various targeted calls, often as part of its research programmes or in the context of bilateral or multilateral agreements. Brazilian counter parts fund Brazilian participants with jointly agreed amount of money.

All actors are interested in enhancing cooperation, through national/multilateral, systemic and longstanding strategic partnerships.

- National and multilateral mobility schemes

- Joint research projects and programmes

- Joint MA and PhD courses and programmes

- Strategic partnerships between funding agencies, HEIs and RTOs

- Innovation cooperation

Enhancing Mobility

Ciência sem Fronteiras - undergraduate programme: http://www.studyinfinland.fi/study_options/ciencia_sem_fronteiras/undergraduate_participating_institutions

Ciência sem Fronteiras - PhD students and Post-Doctoral researchers


Finland participates in 16 FP7 projects with Brazilian partners, including the INCO-NETs ALCUENET and EULARINET and the ERA-NET ERANet-LAC (See annex 2).


Case 1: EUR 3 million to Finnish-Brazilian energy research

Eight Finnish-Brazilian joint projects have been under the Academy of Finland’s Sustainable Energy (SusEn) Research Programme. The Brazilian researchers within the projects are funded by the CNPq. The Academy funds the Finnish researchers within the projects with a total of EUR 3.3 million. The funding is granted for three or four years. This is the Academy’s second joint call with CNPq. The SusEn programme also involves active international collaboration with Chile, China and Nordic researchers and research funding agencies.

The Academy-funded researchers work at Aalto University, the University of Jyväskylä, Lappeenranta University of Technology, the University of Oulu, the University of Turku, VTT Technical Research Centre of Finland and Åbo Akademi University. For instance, the research


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project at Aalto University is researching the integration of biomass supercritical water gasification with combined heat and power (CHP) units. The project carried out at the University of Jyväskylä and Lappeenranta University of Technology is working to improve the current knowledge on thermal conversion processes of biomass feedstocks. The project conducted at the University of Turku is researching novel optimal materials for solar energy conversion and storage. The project at the University of Oulu is focused on developing new theoretical methods for sustainable smart grids.

The SusEn research programme generates new and innovative scientific knowledge on energy technologies, energy systems and energy efficiency. The programme also directs research to developing sustainable solutions and knowhow in identifying future energy system alternatives. The Academy has funded the programme with a total of EUR 13.2 million in 2008–2012.

CASE 2: Forestry

Forestry co-operation was active between Finland and Brazil in the years 1984-1995. This co-operation was financed by the Ministry of Trade and Industry, and organized by the Finnish Forest Research Institute (FFRI). Throughout the collaboration the tree seedling production in Brazil with automatized production lines (according to the Finnish innovations) were established, as well as the wood harvesting technologies, and harvesters were introduced into the timber harvestings and logging in Eucalyptus and pine plantations of several forest companies in Brazil. Valmet company established a forest harvesting machine factory in Curitiba.

New possibilities and areas for co-operation were surveyed by Finnish forestry delegation with Brazil experts in 2003 in preparation of the visit of President Tarja Halonen to Brazil. The topics: wooden energy on rural areas, forest resources inventories, social and ecological aspects of the local populations near the pulp and paper mills, and long-term sustainability of plantation forestry were identified. This new effort for co-operation was however not established.

In November 2012 the “SOUTH AMERICAN SEMINAR ON NATIONAL FOREST INVENTORY AS FRAMEWORK TOOL FOR FUTURE CHALLENGES” was organized in Valdivia, Chile. Finnish Forest Research Institute (METLA) was one organizer together with the Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations (FAO), Chile's Forest Research Institute (INFOR), Brazilian Forest Services (SFB), UNREDD Programme and US Forest Service. In this seminar the contact with Brazil was created in forest inventory.

FFRI has done joint research with Brazilian researchers in the context of IUFRO-WFSE (International Union of Forest Research Organizations’ Special Project on World Forests, Society and Environment). FFRI is responsible of the coordination of the project. Comparison of the forest development between the three leading forest countries in Latin America has been published as the following article: Forest-based development in Brazil, Chile and Mexico (Mery, G., Kengen S., Luján, C. published by Kluwer Academic Publisher in 2001, in the book World Forests, Markets and Policies (Palo, M, Uusivuori, J, Mery, G. 2001)

A Policy Brief on Latin America forest development was published in 2009: Mery, G. et al. Bosques que beneficien a la gente y sustenten la naturaleza: Políticas forestales esenciales para América Latina.


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FFRI is currently working on several Brazilian case studies which will be published in 2014 in the forthcoming of IUFRO-WFSE book "Forests under pressure: local responses to global issues".

Priority areas in Forestry:

Today the priority areas for bilateral collaboration in forestry are: forest resources inventories and monitoring, social, economic and ecological aspects of the rural communities close to the pulp and paper mill factories, as well as the wooden energy generation on rural areas. Those topic areas allow to apply and transfer the Finnish know-how in Brazil and to give broad based sustainable security for wood procurement methods and solution in plantation forestry, as well as to give more acceptances for activities of Finnish forest industry companies.

Through the Finnish-Brazilian collaboration during the last 20 years several contacts with the universities, forestry companies and forest organization in Brazil were created. Main institutes are: Universidade Federal do Parana (UFPR) in Curitiba, UFV Vicosa, UENF Campos dos Goytacazes, ESALQ/USP Piracicaba, EMPRABA with several units, Brazilian Forest Services (SFB), and private companies: Rigesa, Klabin, Ripasa, Inpasel, Malinovski Florestal

FFRI has interest to collaborate with Brazil. The potential for cooperation exist, but at the moment there are no concrete projects underway. The personal contacts exist between Metla’s experts and the Brazilian partners. The approach for collaboration could be: research helps the industrial activities to settle in situ by case studies and sufficient information on the circumstances in Brazil. Financing could be applied/given by governmental or international sources, complemented by industrial actors.

In earlier collaboration some parts of the projects were accomplished together with German universities and GTZ. This model might be relevant also for some possible future projects. The trilateral joint initiatives might be useful especially in the studies on social, ecological and economic aspects, and also by projects where laboratories or similar arrangements are necessary.

An effective mean for collaboration is the exchange of experts for short or long-term stay between the collaborating institutes or companies/research. Support for that is needed to cover the costs arising from accommodation and travel.

CASE 3 FMI Aerosol research

Since 2007 to 2009: informal collaboration between researchers at the Finnish Meteorological Institute (FMI) and at the University of Sao Paulo (USP).

2010-2012: collaboration within the Academy of Finland research programme SusEn (Sustainable Energy).

Priorities

Atmospheric science (climate change and air quality)


FMI's own activities together with University of Helsinki: Academy of Finland funding (SusEn programme)


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• Main cooperation activities: Joint measurement campaigns in Sao Paulo

• Mechanisms: Academy of Finland/SusEn programme call for Finnish-Brazilian scientific collaboration related to SusEn

• National and Brazilian partners: University of Helsinki and Finnish Meteorological Institute in Finland, University of Sao Paulo in Brazil

• Funding mechanisms: Academy of Finland for the Finnish partners, CNPq for the USP groups

• Future plans: after 2012 collaboration continues without specific funding

Enhancing Mobility

• Student exchange, doctoral courses (undergraduate/graduate levels)

FMI Observation services

About 10 years ago: Cooperation with Brazilian National Meteorological Service on the modernization of their surface observing network.


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FRANCE


The Strategic Partnership (2006) and the Action Plan for the implementation of the Strategic Partnership (signed on 23 December 2008) provide the general framework for cooperation between France and Brazil.

The French Ministry in charge of research signed specific documents:

• Declaration of intention aiming at reinforce research in environment in 1999 with the Brazilian Ministry of environment and the Ministry of Science, Technology and Innovation (MCTI);

• Joint declaration in 2001 with the MCTI on S&T cooperation in priority domains;

• Memorandum of understanding (2005) on cooperation in advanced technologies and their applications;

• Memorandum of understanding (2008) between the governments for sustainable development of the Amazon biome;

• Memorandum of understanding (2009) for the creation of a French-Brazilian Forum for higher education and research;

• Memorandum of understanding and specific technical agreements (2011) for the programme Science without borders

In addition, numerous bilateral agreements on S&T cooperation have been concluded between French and Brazilian partners at national and state level:

Cooperation agreements have also been concluded between French research organizations and institutes over the past 50 years (e.g. CNRS, IRD, CIRAD, INRA, INSERM, INRIA, Pasteur Institute...) and Brazilian partners (such as CNPq, FAPESP, FACEPE, FIOCRUZ, FINEP, CONFAP, CAPES, EMBRAPA...).

The French National Research Agency (ANR) has concluded specific cooperation agreements with the following funding agencies: CNPq (2010), FAPESP and FACEPE (2009).

Over 800 bilateral agreements have also been signed between French universities and Brazilian partners.

Priorities

Brazil has been earmarked as a strategic partner for international S&T cooperation in the national strategy. The French S&T strategy towards Brazil is currently being drafted.


The bilateral innovation dialogue is based on the following agreements:

• Cooperation agreement in the field of advanced technologies and applications (Protocole de Paris) in 2005;

• Cooperation agreement for the promotion of technological innovation (Protocole de Brasilia) in 2006;


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• Administrative arrangement in the field of innovation in 2011. Within this framework, a bilateral innovation committee was set up. A first meeting is planned in 2013.

A number of initiatives had been launched in the field of innovation in the past recent years but encountered limited success and were not carried on. Nevertheless, two recent initiatives in the field of innovation can be highlighted:

• the signature of an agreement (October 2012) between OSEO and BNDES which will enable to support cooperation between French and Brazilian SMEs;

• The launching of the CIFRE-Doctoral programme (signed in January 2013) with Brazil will enable Brazilian PhD candidates to carry out their research in France in a French company, in partnership with an academic research laboratory.


The main initiatives and programmes between France and Brazil are listed below:

1/ Joint bilateral programmes

CNPq – INCT's / French research organizations

CNRS, INRIA, INSERM, IRD participate in international calls, on the basis of bilateral agreements signed with CNPq. For the most recent agreement, focused on cooperation with Brazilian INCT’s, topics and submission modalities are defined every other year between the partners. Emphasis is put on research networking and a balanced scientific and financial contribution of both parties (Each national research agency provides funding for their own research teams involved). The programme is also supported by the French Embassy (next call in 2013).

French National Research Agency (ANR) - International bottom-up calls

International calls are published based on the agreements signed between ANR and CNPq, FAPESP and/or FACEPE. Topics and submission modalities are defined each year with the Brazilian partner institutions concerned. Specific attention is paid to the international added value and a balanced scientific and financial contribution of both parties (Each national research agency provides funding for their own research teams involved).

Calls have already been published with CNPq (since 2011) in the following fields: mathematics, biodiversity and physics (funding available up to €200 000 for 3 years), and with FAPESP and FACEPE since 2010 (fields concerned: global environmental change, earth sciences, microbiology, immunology, infectology).

Since 2012, the ANR thematic programme "Societies and Environmental Change" (SOC&ENV) is open to the participation of research teams from the State of Sao Paulo and the State of Pernambuco within the FAPESP-FACEPE Agreement

For research teams from the State of Sao Paulo, the thematic programme “Sustainable chemistry, industry, innovation" is open to the participation of research teams from the State of Sao Paulo from 2013.

http://www.agence-nationale-recherche.fr/programmes-de-recherche/appel-detail/programme-blanc-2013/


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FAPs- French research organizations (since 2010)

Since 2010 calls are made every year between the foundations for science and technology of the states (FAPs) and 2 French research organizations (INRIA and CNRS), in the fields of TICs and computer science. The main objective of the programme is capacity building in the field.

AGROPOLIS FOUNDATION – CAPES Programme (since 2010):

This programme enables the co-funding of joint research projects on agricultural issues and sustainable development. This programme develops an interdisciplinary and integrated approach to plant biology, ecology, products and uses that address development issues concerning the North and the South. The topics covered include Genetics and genomics, plant breeding, eco-physiology; Plant pests and diseases, integrated crop protection, population ecology; agri-environmental innovations, agri-ecosystems and resources management; agri-food innovations, food and non-food uses of crops; Innovation processes, social management of innovations.

http://www.agropolis-fondation.fr/fr/nos-actions/partenariats-en-cours/partenariat-avec-capes.html

2/ Joint Multilateral programmes

MATH-AMSUD (since 2008):

Fields concerned: Pure and applied Mathematics/ Calls published each year.

The main objectives of this programme are to develop cooperation through the exchange of researchers and students, to support basic and applied research and foster synergies with other regional/multilateral programmes and to foster the participation of young researchers (PhD candidates and post-docs).

Funding for 2 years is provided for joint R&D projects involving at least 2 research teams located in at least 2 South American countries participating in the programme and 1 French research team. The participating institutions must be located in France and in the 6 South American countries participating in the programme (Uruguay, Brazil, Chile, Paraguay, Peru, and Argentina). The institutional partners in France are the French Ministry of Foreign and European Affairs, the CNRS and the INRIA. In Brazil, the institutions involved are CAPES and the Institute of Pure and Applied Mathematics – IMPA.

The average funding ranges between 10,000 € and 15,000 € per project per year (travel costs and per diem).

http://www.mathamsud.org/fr

STIC-AMSUD (since 2006):

(Fields concerned: All fields of ICT /Calls published each year).

This scheme is similar to the MATH-AMSUD programme but concerns the ICT field.

The institutional partners in France are the French Ministry of Foreign Affairs, the French National Centre for Scientific Research – CNRS and the French National Institute for Research and Control – INRIA, Telecom Institute). In Brazil, the institution involved is the Coordination for Enhancement of Higher Education Personnel -CAPES). The average funding ranges between 10,000 € and 15,000 € per project per year (travel costs and per diem).


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http://www.sticamsud.org/fr

Enhancing Mobility

The CAPES-COFECUB, CAPES-BRAFITEC, CAPES-BRAFAGRI programmes contribute now to the Science without Borders Brazilian initiative.

CAPES-COFECUB Programme (since 1979)

This programme covers all research fields and supports projects enabling the training of French and Brazilian PhD candidates under the supervision of senior permanent scientists. Projects have duration of 4 years.

Institutional partners involved are CAPES for Brazil and the French Ministry for Higher Education and Research and the French Ministry of Foreign Affairs for France.

Support is mainly provided for travel costs of outgoing researchers on both sides and related per diem costs. Support is also provided for a few PhD and post-doctoral internships.

http://www.campusfrance.org/fr/capes-cofecub

USP-COFECUB Programme (since 1994)

Set up in 1994, this programme covers all research fields and supports R&D projects of 4-year duration. The project should enable collaboration on a joint R&D project enabling training of French and Brazilian PhD students. Institutional partners involved are USP for Brazil and the French Ministry for Higher Education and Research and the French Ministry of Foreign and European Affairs for France.

Support is mainly provided for travel costs of outgoing researchers on both sides and related per diem costs.

http://www.campusfrance.org/fr/usp-cofecub

CAPES- BRAFITEC Programme (Brazil-France-Engineers-Technologies – since 2002):

The BRAFITEC programme was set up by the French Ministry of Foreign Affairs and the French Ministry for Higher Education and Research for France and by CAPES for Brazil, as part of the CAPES-CDEFI (Conférence des Directeurs des Ecoles Françaises d’Ingénieurs) agreement (signed on 25 April 2002). This programme aims at promoting and strengthening bilateral cooperation related to the training of engineers through the exchange of student engineers and academic staff on both sides.

Funding (1-2 semesters): 600 €/month, financial support provided for relocation in France, travel insurance and social security costs covered.

CAPES-BRAFAGRI Programme: (France-Brazil exchange programme in agronomy, food processing, fishery and veterinary sciences – since 2006).

This programme is similar to the BRAFITEC Programme but concerns the field of agro-science higher education and research.

The French partners involved are Agreenium (AgrocampusOuest, AgroParisTech, Montpellier SupAgro, INPT-ENVT). The Brazilian partners are: São Paulo State University (UNESP) - Universidade Estadual Paulista Julio de Mesquita Filho, Universidade Estadual de Campinas (UNICAMP), and Universidade Federal do Tocantins (Palmas).


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Funding is available for mobility exchanges (training at French / Brazilian partner institutions).

Réseau Français d’Études Brésiliennes (REFEB) – Since 2002:

Field concerned: Social Sciences and Humanities / Calls published each year

This mobility scheme is supported by the French Embassy in Brazil and provides funding for short-term fellowships (3-6 months) for European students and researchers under 35 years old in Brazil.

Level of funding: 900 €/month

www.ambafrance-br.org

Bourse Fernand Braudel - IFER (International Fellowships for Experienced Researchers) / ProgrammeHermès:

This programme has been set up by the French Ministry of Foreign Affairs, the Fondation Maison des Sciences de l'Homme (Human and Social sciences Institute, Paris), the French Ministry for Higher Education and Research and the Human and Social sciences department of CNRS; its co-funded by the European Commission (Marie Curie Actions, COFUND) This scheme provides for post-doctoral fellowships the hosting of foreign young researchers in the social sciences and humanities. Priority is given to contemporary/topical research projects to be carried out in universities and research organizations located in France (3 to 9 months stays). Eligible countries for applicants: Asia (China, India, Indonesia, Malaysia), South America (Argentina, Brazil, Chile, Colombia, Mexico, Peru), South Africa. The level of funding is 2,000€/month (accommodation, per diem, medical coverage) and additional allowances for documentation costs and participation in conferences and workshops in France and neighbouring countries.

http://www.prefalc.msh-paris.fr/spip.php?article77

CIFRE Brésil (launching in 2013)

This programme enables PhD candidates to carry out their research in a French company in partnership with an academic research laboratory (duration of 3 years. The PhD candidate must be of Brazilian nationality. The scheme is co-funded by CNPq and uses the ANRT, in charge of the French programme CIFRE, as programme manager.

http://www.anrt.asso.fr

3/ Other:

SAINT-HILAIRE PROGRAMME

This programme co-funded by CAPES and the French Ministry of Foreign Affairs provides support for costs related to joint scientific publications in Social Sciences and Humanities in Portuguese and French (translation and publications costs).

http://www.capes.gov.br/cooperacao-internacional/franca/saint-hilaire

French Chairs in the State of Sao Paulo

The institutions involved are the University of Sao Paulo (USP), the State University of Campinas (UNICAMP) and the State University of Sao Paulo “Julio de Mesquita Filho”


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(UNESP) in partnership with the Consulate General of France in Sao Paulo. This scheme provides for the hosting of French professors and researchers from all research fields between 45 days and 1 year.


Type Name

(duration)

French partners Brazilian partners Field

NEOGENEX

(2011-2015)

CNRS Instituto de Pesquisa Pelé Pequeno Príncipe, Hospital Pequeno Príncipe

Cancer (Tumor genetics)

IMMUNOLOGY AND IMMUNO – PATHOLOGY

(2007-2014)

Hospital Necker, CNRS, University Paris Descartes

FIOCRUZ

BACWALL

Assembly and structure of macromolecular complexes involved in bacterial cell wall biosynthesis and regulation

CNRS, CEA, University Grenoble 1

Laboratório Nacional de Biociências (LNBio), Campinas

Infectious diseases

LUNG INFLAMMATION University Orléans Faculty of Pharmacy of Ribeirão Preto - USP

Chronic diseases

CELL THERAPY AND IMMUNOTHERAPY

INSERM, UPMC FIOCRUZ

Joint laboratories in Health

IMMUNOLOGY AND KIDNEY DISEASES

Joint research Unit INSERM / University Paris Diderot-Paris 7

Instituto de Ciências Biomédicas, USP

Joint laboratory in Agriculture sciences

CIBA, International Consortium of Advanced Biology

(signed in 2008)

AGROPOLIS (CIRAD, IRD, INRA, Montpellier SupAgro, University of Montpellier 2)

EMBRAPA

PALEOTRACES

Paléoclimatologie tropicale: traceurs et variabilités

IRD Fluminense Federal University

Joint laboratories in environment

OCE

Observatory of Environmental Change

IRD Brasilia University


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Type Name

(duration)


IPAF

Institute of physico-chemical research and analysis

CNRS Universidade Estadual de Santa Cruz

Joint laboratories in physics and chemistry

International Joint laboratory Clerk Maxwell

Ecole Centrale de Lyon, Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA), Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, CNRS

University of Sao Paulo (Polytechnic), Federal University of Santa Catarina, Federal University of Minas Gerais

French-Brazilian Networks in Mathematics

Ecole Polytechnique Instituto Nacional de Matematica Pura e Aplicada (IMPA)

Pure and applied mathematics

NSEQO

Nanomagnetism, Spin Electronics, Quantum Information and Quantum Technologies

University of Nice CBPF (Brazilian Centre for Physics research)

International networks in mathematics and ICT/materials

Innovative Research Issues on Web Science

University of Toulouse 3, INP, University of Toulouse 1, University of Toulouse 2

PUC-Rio, UFRJ, Fluminense Federal University, Federal University of Campina Grande, University of Campinas (UNICAMP)

LICIA

International Computation, Intensive and Computing Environment

CNRS, University Joseph Fourier (Grenoble), INPG, Pierre Mendès France University (Grenoble), INRIA

Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS)

LIRIO International research laboratory in biocomputing

CNRS (EPII BAMBOO) Brazilian National laboratory for scientific computation LNCC/CNPq

Joint international laboratories in mathematics and ICT/materials

International Joint laboratory at IMPA

École Polytechnique (Paris Est Créteil University), Pierre et Marie Curie University, École Normale Supérieure (Lyon), University Paris Sud, The University of Burgundy, Collège de France

IMPA (Institute of Pure and Applied Mathematics), University of São Paulo (USP), University of Campinas (UNICAMP), Federal University of Pernambuco (UFPE)

Joint laboratory DICAS CNRS University of Sao Paulo


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Type Name

(duration)


in social sciences and humanities

Geopolitical continental integration in Amazonia

Anthropology and Arts history

CNRS Federal University of Rio de Janeiro (UFRJ)

Regional integration

CNRS Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS)

International networks in social sciences and humanities

OPUS 2: Works, public, societies

CNRS, University Pierre Mendès-France (Grenoble), University Paul Verlaine (Metz)

Centro Universitário - SENAC São Paulo, Federal University of Juiz de Fora (UJFJ), Federal University of Rio de Janeiro (UFRJ)


Multilateral approaches have been developed:

• with French Guyana: As an example the programme Guyamazon has been set up between the Agency of the French Research Institute of Development – AIRD, in partnership with the French Embassy in Brazil, The Guyana region, FAPEAM, FAP Tumucumaque and FAPEMA to support the implementation of joint education, R&D and innovation projects.

• Partnership between France, Brazil and Africa: collaborations are in place between French research organizations (IRD, CIRAD) in Cameroon, Mozambican, Madagascar, Kenya, Gabon.

Moreover, France participates in 69 FP7 projects with Brazilian partners including the INCO-NETs ALCUENET and EULARINET, the ERA-NET ERANet-LAC and the BILATs B.BICE+ and APORTA (see Annex 2).


• French Ministry of Higher Education and Research (Brazil webpage): www.enseignementsup-recherche.gouv.fr/cid56282/les-partenaires scientifiques-de-la-france.html#amerique-sud

• French Embassy: www.ambafrance-br.org

• Campus France: www.campusfrance.org/fr/

Websites of French research organizations representations in Brazil:

• CNRS: www.cnrs-brasil.org/fr

• IRD: www.bresil.ird.fr/

• CIRAD: http://bresil.cirad.fr


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GERMANY


At national level Germany and Brazil have entered into a Framework Agreement on Cooperation in Scientific Research and Technological Development (signed in 1969, renewed in 1997). The German-Brazilian Commission for Cooperation in Science, Technology and Innovation meets approximately every two years; last meeting 2010; next meeting 2013.

Moreover there are Memoranda of Understanding between:

• The German Academic Exchange Service (DAAD) and CAPES. The focus is a programme for German teachers at Brazilian Universities (signed in 1998, renewed in 2012);

• The German Ministry of Education and Research (BMBF) and MEC on professional education (signed in 2012);

• The German Ministry of Education and Research (BMBF) and MCTI on scientific and technological cooperation (signed in 2000);

• MCTI, CNI and the Fraunhofer Society (FhG). The focus is the set-up of EMBRAPII. (MoU valid for 2 years starting in January 2012)

The following Brazilian institutions are involved:

• Brazilian Ministry of External Relations – MRE

• MCTI in particular CNPq, FINEP, AEB, LNLS and INPA;

• MEC, in particular CAPES

Priorities

Brazil is the most important partner for Germany in the region of South America. It has improved considerably its science and innovation system. The country is becoming an important science nation (ranked 13 in scientific production). It is a leading nation in renewable energy production, agricultural research, health research. With large areas in a variety of different ecosystems and huge biodiversity it offers good conditions for land management and climate change research.

The priority areas for bilateral cooperation are on:

• Research on sustainability, climate and environment; • Aerospace research; • Life science and biotechnology; • Manufacturing technology; • University cooperation; • Bio-economy (new); • Vocational training (new).


The cooperation includes science, technology and innovation. Innovation is one of the topics discussed in the mixed S&T commission. The Fraunhofer Society (FhG), the German


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Innovation Agency, is involved in German-Brazilian innovation activities. Currently Brazil is setting up EMBRAPII. FhG signed an agreement in January 2012 with the aim to act as a consultant to the Brazilian government and the CNI in setting up this institution.

There are specific innovation related programmes.

• The BMBF opened a call in June 2010 (till August 2013) for “International Partnerships for Sustainable Technologies and Services for Climate Protection and the Environment (CLIENT)”. This call is open for Brazil-Germany cooperation projects. One of the prerequisites is the inclusion of industrial partners in the R&D projects. This is not a joint call though projects must have funding from Brazil.

• One BMBF call on international cooperation in bio-economy was open from Sep. 2012 till February 2013. Brazil is one of the partner countries. Several aspects of bio-economy are innovation relevant. This is not a joint call though projects must have funding from Brazil. A dialogue on future co-funding started in 2012.

• The German Research Society (DFG) is funding a cooperation programme on manufacturing technologies (BRAGECRIM) since 2008.

Priority fields for the innovation related activities are:

• Innovation management; • Sustainable innovation (including climate protection and resource efficiency); • Bioeconomy (including using renewable resources on an industrial scale and

developing energy sources based on biomass); • Manufacturing technologies.

Discussions are on-going about Rare Earth Magnets and orthopaedic prosthesis, implants and surgical instruments.

The BMBF-calls are top-down. The DFG programme is bottom-up.


The main areas of cooperation are:

• Research in environment, climate and sustainability, • Aerospace research, • Life science und biotechnology

There are some on-going bilaterally funded cooperation projects in the area of: climate research (BMBF and MCTI: ATTO - observation tower in the Amazon, 2009), water resources research (Agua-DF, 2009), sustainable land management research (DINARIO, Innovate and CarBioCial) and environmental technology.

The plans are to intensify the cooperation in bio-economy following the visit of an expert's delegation to Brazil in 2012.

Several German agencies and institutions are involved in the exchange of scientists between Germany and Brazil (see next points).

EMBRAPA established in 2012 a food and farming laboratory in Germany based at the Research Centre Jülich within the context of Labex. There are plans for a German laboratory in Brazil.


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The DAAD has two main programmes to promote the cooperation between both countries mainly by creating incentives for academic mobility: PROBRAL is a programme to support bilateral research projects and UNIBRAL supports the cooperation between higher education institutions. The DAAD also actively supports CsF, the Brazilian mobility programme.

The cooperation between both countries was strengthened by several activities which had taken place during the German-Brazilian Year of Science, Technology and Innovation 2010 – 2011.

The German House of Science and Innovation in Sao Paulo (DWIH-SP) represents German universities, research institutions and innovation agencies and will intensify the exchange of scientific personnel and ideas. At this time there are ten funding agencies and representations of higher education institutions with proper offices at the DWIH-SP.

The science cooperation will be furthered through the German Year in Brazil 2013/2014. Several activities with focus on science are planned.

The mechanisms used consist essentially of direct cooperation institute to institute. There are a few joint calls (mobility funding, manufacturing technology, university cooperation). Some national calls are open for cooperation projects though only if funding from the Brazilian side is secured.

The German funding partners are: BMBF and project managing agencies, German Research Society (DFG), Alexander von Humboldt Foundation (AvH), the German Academic Exchange Service (DAAD)

The Brazilian funding partners are MCTI (CNPq, FINEP) and CAPES.

German research partners are universities, the Fraunhofer-Gesellschaft (about 20 institutes), the Helmholtz Association of German Research Centres (about 10 institutes), the Leibnitz Association (about 20 institutes), and the Max Planck Society (about 30 cooperation projects)

The general rule is that each country is funding its own researchers. There is no unilateral funding for joint research projects. There have been a few joint calls (mobility funding, manufacturing technology, university cooperation). Some national calls are open for cooperation projects but only if funding from the Brazilian side is secured.

Future plans include science-related activities during the “German Year” in Brazil, from May 2013 till May 2014.


• Fraunhofer project centre for software-engineering at UFBA, Salvador

• Fraunhofer project centre for Innovations in Food and Bioresources at ITAL, Sao Paulo.

• Climate research station of the Max Planck Society, in Manaus in cooperation with INPA

Enhancing Mobility

There are regular joint calls for mobility funding by BMBF and CNPq. Scholarships for doctoral students and researchers are available with the Alexander von Humboldt Foundation (AvH) and the German Academic Exchange Service (DAAD).


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Brazilian scholarships are available for doctoral students and researchers in cooperation with DAAD in the frame of the CsF Programme.

There is funding for guest scientists in Max Planck Society institutions (approx. 100/year).


Germany participates in 78 FP7 projects with Brazilian partners including the INCO-NETs ALCUENET and EULARINET, the ERA-NET ERANet-LAC and the BILATs B.BICE+ and APORTA (see Annex 2).


• www.kooperation-international.de/buf/brasilien.html

• German House of Science and Innovation Sao Paulo: www.dwih.com.br/

• www.research-in-germany.de


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NORWAY


• Memorandum of Understanding between MCTI and the Ministry of Education and Research of the Kingdom of Norway. This MoU was signed and entered into force 31 March 2008 for a period of four years, and was renewed for a new period of four years 31 March 2012.

Focus: To develop and reinforce the exchange of researchers and cooperation between Brazil and Norway in the field of science and technology, particularly in mutually defined priority areas.

No steering committee meetings has been held so far, although the MoU states that the parties shall meet at mutually agreed times to review activities completed and suggest further activities.

• Memorandum of Understanding between the Special Secretariat of Aquaculture and Fisheries of Brazil (now the Ministry of Fisheries and Aquaculture) and the Ministry of Fisheries and Coastal Affairs of Norway for cooperation on aquaculture and other areas of common interest.

Focus: To promote mutual cooperation and facilitate contact in order to discuss or deal with any matter of relevance to the scope of cooperation. In the field of R&I the MoU states that the Parties will promote the exchange of scientific knowledge, practices and knowhow in aquaculture, as well as meetings among scientists to explore areas of scientific cooperation which could be the subject of joint research. This MoU was signed and entered into force 5 March 2009 and will remain valid indefinitely. Yearly meetings have been held.

• On-going dialogue between MCTI, MME and the Norwegian Ministry of Petroleum and Energy with regard to establishing a formal framework in the field of oil and gas research and technology and exchange of human resources.

Priorities

Knowledge exchange, including research cooperation, is one of four prioritized areas in the Norwegian government’s strategy for cooperation between Brazil and Norway, launched in 2011 (“New perspectives on a long-standing relationship"27).

Priority areas for bilateral cooperation are the energy sector, especially oil and gas but also renewable energy sources, the maritime sector, fisheries and aquaculture, climate and the environment, as well as societal issues, foreign and development cooperation policy, including research about and for indigenous peoples.

The strategy builds on the vision that the cooperation between Norway and Brazil should be long-term and knowledge-based and take full account of social, environmental and economic sustainability. The main motivation for cooperation is to develop a strategic partnership in areas where each country has strengths and expertise to offer one another, and where cooperation will result in mutual enrichment and economic growth and development in both countries. 27 Available at: http://www.regjeringen.no/upload/UD/Vedlegg/Naeringsliv/280311brasilstrategi_webE.pdf


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Innovation Norway Brazil provides advisory, promotion and networking services for Norwegian companies, in addition to temporary office facilities at the Business Incubator Office in Rio de Janeiro.


At the moment there are several unilateral possibilities for financing Norwegian-Brazilian research cooperation through activities in the Research Council of Norway (RCN), in its regionally focused Latin-America programme and through some relevant thematic programmes.

Negotiations are going on between CNPq and RCN about an agreement that will include joint calls, where each country will pay for their researchers.

Several Norwegian universities have agreements with Brazilian universities, but little if any research cooperation has so far been directly financed through these.


No joint institutes or laboratories at the moment. However some Brazilian institutions and companies are partners in Norwegian Centres for Research based Innovation, e.g. in the petroleum field.

Enhancing Mobility

CsF: Brazilian mobility scheme. A MoU between CAPES and the Norwegian Centre for International Cooperation in Education (SIU) was signed in 2012. Brazil launched its first CsF scholarships call for scholarships to Norway in November 2012. The first students (at Bachelor’s level) are expected to come to Norway in the fall semester of 2013.

The CAPES -SIU programme for Brazil-Norway cooperation was also launched in 2012. The programme aims at developing and strengthening academic collaboration. Mobility of students and academic staff are among the objectives in the joint call (first deadline: February 2013).

The Quota Scheme: Norwegian mobility scheme for studies in Norway – eligible for students from specific countries, including Brazil (Bachelor’s, Masters and PhD level). The Norwegian State Educational Loan Fund is responsible for managing the financial support provided for the Quota students. The loan portion may be waived when the student returns to his/her home country after completing the course of study.

Yggdrasil is a mobility programme operated by the Research Council of Norway, (RCN) and offering scholarships for PhD students and young researcher for 3-12 months’ stays in Norway. The programme is open for all disciplines. Brazil has been included among the countries that can apply.


Norway participates in 23 FP7 projects with Brazilian partners including the two INCO-NETs ALCUENET and EULARINET (see Annex 2).

In the recently concluded FP6 ERA-NET EULANEST Norway and Brazil took part in a joint call on energy. Further joint calls may be expected in other nets, themes to be decided.


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• The Research Council of Norway: http://www.forskningsradet.no/

• Innovation Norway: http://www.innovasjonnorge.no/Contact-us/

• The Norwegian Centre for International Cooperation in Education (SIU): http://www.siu.no


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POLAND


• Agreement between the Government of the Republic of Poland and the Government of the Federative Republic of Brazil on Scientific and Technological Co-operation. It was signed on 5th September 1996 in Warsaw. The counterparts are the Polish Ministry of Science and Higher Education and the Brazilian Ministry of Science, Technology and Innovation. The agreement aims at:

- establishing common scientific undertakings, exchange their results, exchange researchers and technical experts;

- organizing and participate in meetings, conferences, workshops, exhibitions etc.;

- exchanging scientific and technological information and documentation;

- common use of research infrastructure;

- other common undertakings.

According to the Agreement on the Scientific and Technological Co-operation, the Mixed Commission is supposed to meet every 2 years (if not decided differently) but, as the first Executive Programme was signed for the years 1998-99 and wasn’t re-conducted, there are no meetings organized currently.

• Agreement between the Government of the Republic of Poland and the Government of the Federative Republic of Brazil on Cultural Co-operation. It was signed on 29th July 1991 in Brasilia. The counterparts are the Ministry of Foreign Affairs (Poland) and the Ministry of External Relations (Brazil).

This Agreement, co-ordinated by the Ministry of Foreign Affairs, regards issues being within the competence of several Polish Ministries, including the Ministry of Science and Higher Education. Therefore, it contains some general statements regarding the promotion and support of bilateral contacts and exchange (including mobility of students) among higher education institutions and their academic staff.

Academic exchange with Brazil28 remains on the level of 30-40 students/year. In the academic year 2011/12, 37 Brazilian citizens studied at the Polish universities (studies in Polish). Polish citizens did not study in Brazil in the period 2006-2012.

Priorities

There’s no Executive Programme in force in the framework of the existing Agreement on Scientific and Technological Co-operation. Poland has worked out and transmitted a text of a draft Programme to Brazil in 2010. No reaction to this text so far despite regular reminders (last intervention in summer 2012). Priority domains for the R&D co-operation were however established in 2012. They are:

• Engineering & other technologies; • Exact sciences & Earth sciences;

28 These figures refer only to the official intergovernmental exchange on the basis of the Agreement on Cultural Co-operation.


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• Medicine, biology, biomedicine and health; • Informatics & ICT; • Space and aeronautics, • Pharmacology, • Sustainable agro-production; • Petroleum, gas, coal; • Renewable technologies; • Mineral technologies; • Biotechnologies; • Nanotechnologies and new materials ; • Technologies for prevention of natural disasters and control of their effects ; • Biodiversity and Bio-prospecting; • Ocean sciences; • Creative industry; • New construction technologies; • Training of technology experts.

The international position of Brazil is very big and there is growing potential in the domain of R&D and Higher Education.

Main initiatives and programmes (funding bodies, universities, polytechnics, research performing organisations)

The Polish side proposed to sign a common Agreement exclusively dedicated to the Co-operation in the field of higher education as well as a new Executive Programme in the framework of the existing Agreement on Scientific and Technological Co-operation (draft texts sent to Brazil). It was also proposed to engage Polish higher education institutions in the “Science without borders” Programme. There was no reaction so far from the Brazilian side.

In 2012, the Brazilian Embassy in Warsaw expressed its interest for about 100 places at Polish universities for Brazilian PhD students (III degree, in English). A list of 17 interested Polish institutions was transmitted to the Brazilian side.

Enhancing Mobility

See above


Poland participates in 7 FP7 projects with Brazilian partners (see Annex 2).


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PORTUGAL


The basis for all cooperation between Portugal and Brazil is the Treaty of Friendship, Cooperation and Consultation, between the Portuguese Republic and the Federal Republic of Brazil. This Treaty was signed in 2000 and foresees cooperation at various levels, including in education and research. It replaced other bilateral instruments, amongst them the Cultural Agreement in place since 1996. The main focus of the Treaty of Friendship, Cooperation and Consultation are:

- Cooperation in the field of culture, mass media, science and technology (promotion of Portuguese language, education and research, recognition of academic degrees and titles, access and exercise of professions, copyright and related rights);

- Economic and financial cooperation;

- Cooperation on other areas (Environment and territory management, social welfare, health, justice, armed forces, public administration, consular action).

The Treaty foresees that a steering committee meets obligatorily on a yearly basis, and that it is also possible, when necessary, to create subcommittees to accompany specific issues, which is the case, for example, of the subcommittee on the recognition of degrees and academic titles and for issues related to the access and exercise of professions and the subcommittee on education, culture, mass media, science and technology, youth and sports.

In 2012, the steering committee and the subcommittee on education, culture, mass media, science and technology, youth and sports were held in July.

In addition to this Treaty, there are a number of Memoranda of Understanding (MoU) or other Agreements relevant to STI cooperation. They are:

• MoU between the Council of Portuguese Rectors (CRUP) and ANDIFES: it was signed in August 2012 and foresees the streamlining of recognition procedures for academic degrees between Portugal and Brazil. The MoU foresees that all Universities in both countries should report every trimester on its implementation.

• Agreement between CAPES and the Portuguese Coordinating Council for Polytechnic Institutions (August 2012): it was signed in September 2012 and it aims to establish scholarships for graduated studies (sandwich courses) in Portugal, within the Programme “Ciências sem Fronteiras” (Science without Borders). This Agreement does not foresee the establishment of a committee.

• MoU between CONIF and the Portuguese Coordinating Council for Polytechnic Institutions (CCISP): it was signed in October 2012 and foresees the streamlining of recognition procedures for academic degrees between Portugal and Brazil. This MoU foresees that there should be reporting about the progress made regarding the recognition of academic degrees.

• Bilateral agreement between the Portuguese Foundation for Science and Technology (FCT) and CAPES, signed in 1995 (last version signed on 2010). Steering committees are held after the launch of calls.


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• Bilateral agreement between FCT and CNPq, signed on 1981 (last version signed in 2009). Steering committees are held after the launch of calls.

• MoU between the Portuguese Ministry of Education and Science (MEC) and the Brazilian Ministry of Science, Technology and Innovation (MCTI) from Brazil, signed on 2010, to launch the Advanced Training and Joint Research Programme in the sector of exploration and production of deep-water hydrocarbons in the Atlantic basin. Steering committees are held after the launch of calls.

• Protocol in R&D in Nanotechnology between MEC and MCTI, signed in 2009. Steering committees are held after the launch of calls.

• Protocol in GRID distributed computing between MEC and MCTI, signed in 2009. Steering committees are held after the launch of calls.

• MoU between MEC and MCTI from Brazil, signed in 2009, to support the research in Social Sciences and Humanities in the Portuguese-speaking countries Community, signed in 2009. Steering committees are held after the launch of calls.

• Bilateral agreement between FCT and the Rio de Janeiro Research Foundation (FAPERJ), signed on 2002 (last version signed in 2009). Steering committees are held after the launch of calls.

Priorities

Following on the meeting of the subcommittee on education, culture, mass media, science and technology, youth and sports, held in July 2012, within the domain of education and training, the following priorities/issues were identified for next years:

- Development of cooperation within non-higher education equivalence and recognition studies;

- Promotion of joint collaboration to support cooperation projects in other Member States of the Community of Portuguese Language Speaking Countries (CPLP);

- Promotion of the use of Portuguese as a language of international communication;

- Constraints to the level of recognition of degrees and academic titles;

- Strengthening cooperation in science and technology, particularly in terms of nanotechnologies, biotechnologies, technologies, aeronautical and maritime industry.

During the meeting, the Brazilian delegation expressed interest in creating a specific subcommittee for education that could meet more frequently and to maintain an on-going dialogue, as well as a subcommittee for the area of science and technology.

Portugal has strong historical ties with Brazil; therefore there is a lot of common ground, such as the language, as well as common interests to work on. For the past years, the two countries consider that both have benefited from bilateral cooperation to boost both countries in areas such as economy, science, technology, among others.

The fact that between September 2012 and June 2013, both countries celebrate the Year of Portugal in Brazil and the Year of Brazil in Portugal, which includes several initiatives within the areas of culture, economy, science, technology, and sports, namely, is a clear signal of the renewal and strengthening of the strong ties between Portugal and Brazil.


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At multilateral level: EULANEST and the upcoming future ERA-Net-LAC.


a) CYTED, Ibero-American Programme for Science, Technology and Development. It was created in 1984 through an International Framework Agreement signed by 19 Latin American countries, Spain and Portugal. The CNPq is the official participant from Brazil. It is the platform for the promotion and support of multilateral cooperation aimed at the transfer of knowledge, experience, information, solutions and technology.

b) The Programme “Ciência sem Fronteiras” awards scholarships for students in Brazilian Higher Education Institutions to study in Portuguese Higher Education Institutions at graduate and post graduate levels (sandwich courses).

The Brazilian partners are CAPES and CNPq and the Portuguese partners are CRUP, CCISP and the University of Coimbra.

The scholarships are funded by the Brazilian counterparts (CAPES and CNPq).

There is a Scholarship programme for 1st cycle degrees that also foresees sandwich courses for Brazilian students and teachers in the areas of chemistry, physics mathematics, biology, Portuguese language, arts and physical education.

The Brazilian partner is CAPES and the partners from Portugal are the following universities: Universidade Nova de Lisboa, Universidade da Beira Interior, Universidade do Algarve, Universidade de Aveiro, Universidade de Coimbra, Universidade de Évora, Universidade de Lisboa, Universidade do Minho, Universidade do Porto, Universidade Técnica de Lisboa and Universidade Trás-os-Montes.

There are also partners with Brazilian Universities, Labs and Research Institutions.

The scholarships are funded by the Brazilian counterpart CAPES.

c) Regarding researchers, each country pays for its own.

d) The bilateral agreements FCT/CNPq and FCT/CAPES (above mentioned) are open to all scientific domains.

e) First Joint call on ERA-NET EULANEST:

The Universidade de Aveiro (UFSC), Institute of Chemistry, UFRGS in Porto Alegre – Institute for Biotechnology and Bioengineering, Instituto Superior Técnico, Technical University of Lisbon

f) In the future multilateral calls are expected to be launched under ERANet-LAC.


The MoU signed in March 2013, between the Ministry of Education of Brazil, Ministry of Education and Science of Portugal and Ministry of Economy and Competitiveness Spain, which promotes the cooperation between countries in the fields of nanoscience and nanotechnology, includes the cooperation in the context of the “Laboratorio Ibérico


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Internacional de Nanotecnologia (INL)”, a joint Portuguese-Spanish institute situated in Braga (Portugal).

Enhancing Mobility

In the scope of R&D joint projects FCT pays for the Portuguese researchers' mobility in Brazil and the Brazilian Institutions pay the mobility for his researchers in Portugal.


Portugal participates in 35 FP7 Projects with Brazilian partners and in the INCO-NETs EULARINET and ALCUENET and the ERA-NET ERANet-LAC (see annex 2).

More initiatives will be possible, especially with other Portuguese Speaking Countries


• http://www.fct.pt/index.phtml.en

• http://www.adi.pt/

• http://inl.int/

• http://www.redemprendia.org/

• http://www.cyted.org/?lang=en


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SPAIN


In November 2012, a new Memorandum of Undemanding (MoU) has been signed between the Ministry of Economy and Competitiveness (Spain) and the Ministry of Science, Technology and Innovation (Brazil). Its objective is to promote the collaboration between both countries in the field of nanotechnology and nanoscience. Steering Committees are held annually.

In addition there is a MoU between CDTI (Spain) and FINEP (Brazil), signed in 2006. Both entities commit to promote, support and fund bilateral technological projects that count with the participation of enterprises from both countries. Work plans are defined annually.

The following Public Research Organisations attached to the Spanish Ministry of Economy and Competitiveness have agreements with Brazilian institutions:

• The Centre for Energy, Environmental and Technological Research (CIEMAT). It has signed a material transfer agreement with a Brazilian institution Hidrolisis Avaliacoes Analiticas e Novos Processos Ltda and a cooperation agreement with UFRGS for the mobility of researchers;

• The Spanish National Research Council (CSIC) has an agreement in force since 1980 with CNPq for the exchange of researchers;

• The Spanish Institute of Oceanography (IEO) singed a MoU in November 2011 with UFAL in Brazil for the development of bilateral research projects and the cooperation of researchers from both institutions.

Priorities

Spain is drafting an International Research and Innovation Strategy, in the context of the recently approved National Strategy for Science, Technology and Innovation (2013-2020) and a new State Plan for Scientific and Technological Research and Innovation (2013-2016).

The priority areas for bilateral cooperation are: Health; Nanotechnology; Renewable Energies; Water Treatment; Fisheries and Sustainable Aquaculture; Biotechnology and Process Engineering; Bioinformatics and Supercomputing.

The cooperation between Spain and Brazil is based on historic and cultural bonds and common values and interests. Spain is the second foreign investor in Brazil, and there is an important presence of Spanish enterprises.

On the 19th of November 2012, the President of the Government of Spain, Mr. Mariano Rajoy, and the President of the Republic of Brazil, Ms. Dilma Rousseff, made a Declaration by which they confirmed their compromise to extend the bilateral science, technology and innovation activities and increase their economic and social impact through the deepening of the bilateral cooperation in these areas.

They agreed on the reinforcement of researchers' and technologists’ mobility, simplified access to research infrastructures, exchange scientific information and the establishment of new contacts between research and technological private and public institutions.


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IBEROEKA: Since 1991, Brazil (FINEP and CNPq since 2012) and Spain (CDTI) are part of the IBEROEKA initiative aimed at promoting market oriented and industry leaded R&D&I collaborations in the Ibero-American region.

Iberoeka is part of the Ibero-American Programme for Science, Technology and Development (CYTED), created in 1984 and gathering Spain, Portugal and 19 Latin American countries. It’s main objective being to promote cooperation in Research and Innovation for the development of the Latin American region.

RedEmprendia is a network of universities promoting responsible innovation and entrepreneurship. It counts with the economic support of Banco Santander. Created in 2006, among its goals are:

• To bring to all Ibero-American countries and universities the “Enterprising University” focus, helping to create a strong innovation and enterprising culture among academic communities and societies alike, and to turn this focus into a new mission, as essential as teaching and research.

• To become an international standard regarding knowledge transfer, technological development and, particularly, university spin-offs generation, pushing RedEmprendia's area of influence beyond Ibero-America.

RedEmprendia is composed by 20 Universities, among which 9 are from Spain and 3 from Brazil (USP, UNICAMP and UFRGS)


IBEROEKA (CDTI + CNPq), following a “bottom-up approach” and through decentralized management and funding; each country funds its participants with its own instruments, rules, etc. In 2010, Brazil (FINEP) and Spain launched a bilateral call to promote cooperation projects, without priority fields using a bottom-up approach.

CYTED, Ibero-American Programme for Science, Technology and Development. It was created in 1984 through an International Framework Agreement signed by 19 Latin American countries, Spain and Portugal. The CNPq is the official participant from Brazil. It is the platform for the promotion and support of multilateral cooperation aimed at the transfer of knowledge, experience, information, solutions and technology.

The Carlos III Health Institute (ISCIII), coordinator of the 7FP project EU-LAC Health, is collaborating with the FIOCRUZ on Health issues. In 2013 they are going to study the possibility of future joint calls in the area of Health.

The National Institute for the Agriculture and Food Research and Technology (INIA) is a Public Research Institution dedicated to agri-food and forestry research belongs to the Regional Fund for Agricultural Technology (FONTAGRO), through which it funds projects in Latin America.

Every year INIA organizes an International Training Programme for capacity building of Latin American experts on themes regarding the agri-food sector challenges: animal production (breeding, reproduction and health); plant protection; genetic resources and biodiversity; forest management; agri-food business and technology. They are co-organized with the


48

collaboration of AECID (Spanish Agency for International Development Cooperation). Around 300 fellows per year attend the Training Programme.


The Universidad Politécnica de Madrid (UPM) and UNICAMP have recently created a joint institute on bioenergy. It will count with the participation of private companies, such as Repsol (Spain) and Repsol – Sinopec (Brazil) for the funding of projects.

The recent MoU signed between the Ministry of Economy and Competitiveness (Spain) and MCTI, which promotes the cooperation of both countries in the fields of nanoscience and nanotechnology, includes the cooperation in the context of the “Laboratorio Ibérico Internacional de Nanotecnologia (INL)”, a joint Portuguese-Spanish institute situated in Braga (Portugal).

INDRA, a Spanish company which operates in 118 countries, including in Brazil since 1196, provides high value-added solutions and services for the Transport and Traffic, Energy and Industry, Public Administration and Healthcare, Financial Services, Security and Defence and Telecom and Media sectors. In 2012, it opened a research and innovation centre in the research and development centre in the Technology Park of Bahía's Technocenter, whose creation has been coordinated by the Secretary of Science, Technology and Innovation of the State of Bahía.

Enhancing Mobility

There are at least 17 mobility schemes between Spain and Brazil, both bilateral and in the context of the Spain-Latin America cooperation. Some examples are:

The Brazilian CsF programme is an international Research and Innovation mobility programme that seeks to promote the exchange of students, professors and researchers between Brazil and the countries that have signed the agreement to participate in the Programme. In Spain it is the Ministry of Education, Culture and Sports who has signed the agreement with CNPq. It is expected to fund around 8.000 in Spain of a total 75.000 grants in four years (2012-2016) in the following fields:

• Engineering;

• Physical Sciences: Mathematics, Physics, Chemistry, Biology and Geosciences;

• Biology and Health Sciences;

• Computing and Information Technology;

• Aerospace Technology;

• Pharmaceuticals;

• Sustainable Agricultural Production;

• Oil, Gas and Coal;

• Renewable Energy;

• Minerals Technology;

• Biotechnology;


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• Nanotechnology and New Materials;

• Technologies for Prevention and Mitigation of Natural Disasters;

• Bioprospecting and Biodiversity;

• Marine Sciences;

• Creative Industry;

• New Technologies Construction Engineering;

• Training of Technologists;

For the present year, 1.528 grants have been demanded by Brazilian students wishing to study in Spanish universities.

The Programme Magalhães and its SMILE project (Student Mobility in Latin America, Caribbean and Europe), enhances the mobility of pre-graduate engineering and architecture students among the principal European and Latin American and Caribbean Universities. The participants from Spain are: Universidad Politécnica de Madrid (UPM), Universidad Politécnica de Cataluña (UPC) and Universidad Politécnica de Valencia (UPV) which have cooperate with the following Brazilian Universities: UFRJ; UNICAMP and USP.

The University of Salamanca (Spain), has created with 11 academic institutions from Brazil the “Salamanca Network of Brazilian Universities”, to promote the mobility of students, professors and researchers; foster the creation of double degree programmes and the creation of bilateral researchers’ teams.

The Fundación Carolina funds mobility grants for the exchange of professor, doctorate students and researchers between Spain and Brazil in order to promote the cultural and scientific cooperation of both countries.


Since Brazil is part of Latin-America, the multilateral joint activities and programmes are frequent, such as CYTED or Iberoeka, mentioned before.

International access to pan-European research infrastructures could be promoted. In Spain, the infrastructures EU-SOLARIS (research on concentrated solar power) or Lifewatch, a European Research Infrastructure in the field of Biodiversity and Ecosystem Research currently under development could be studied.

In addition Spain participates in 81 FP7 Projects with Brazilian partners and in the INCO-NETs EULARINET and ALCUENET and the ERA-NET ERANet-LAC (see annex 2).


Spanish Ministry of Economy and Competitiveness: www.mineco.es

CDTI: www.cdti.es

CYTED: http://cyted.org/

RedEmprendia: http://www.redemprendia.org/


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SWITZERLAND


Agreement between the Government of the Swiss Federal Council and the Government of the Federative Republic of Brazil on Cooperation in Science and Technology of 15thJune 2012.

The implementing agencies are the Swiss State Secretariat for Education, Research and Innovation of the Federal Department of Economic Affairs, Education and Research and MCTI. The Joint Committee shall meet alternately in the Swiss Confederation and in Brazil at mutually agreed times.

Priorities

An action plan between the Swiss State Secretariat for Education, Research and Innovation and MCTI will develop in 2013, a four-year Brazilian-Swiss science and technology cooperation strategy (covering 2013-2016), based on the principles of reciprocity, mutual benefits, mutual respect and sustainability.


The Brazilian-Swiss Joint Research Programme (BRJRP) was officially launched by the Swiss State Secretariat for Education and Research and MCTI in September 2009 with the signing of the above mentioned agreement and a corresponding action plan for a four-year Brazilian-Swiss science and technology cooperation strategy 2009-2012.

Under the Action Plan 2009-2012 the only funding instrument available were joint research projects. Funding has been provided for joint research projects conducted within the framework of the Swiss-Brazilian bilateral research cooperation agreement. Funded activities also included the following: conferences, workshops and academic visits made by students and researchers involved in the projects.

The first call for joint research projects proposals and the corresponding selection process was closed in 2010. Of the 20 proposals received, 10 were approved. Four of these relate to neuroscience, four to health, one to energy and one to environment.

The Federal Institute of Technology Lausanne (EPFL) and the CNPq launched the second call for joint research projects proposals in 2011. The proposals received related to energy and the environment (emphasis on renewable energy sources) as well as to health and the environment (emphasis on neglected diseases, nutrition and functional food). Of the 50 joint research projects proposals received, 12 were approved.

The budget for 2009-2012 was 4 million Swiss francs. The Brazilian side provided matching funds.

For additional information see: http://cooperation.epfl.ch/op/edit/page-53418-en.html

Enhancing Mobility

Switzerland offers up to 25 government grants – Swiss Government Excellence Scholarships for Foreign Scholars and Artists – per year to young Brazilian students, research scientists and artists (on research level).


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The Brazilian Government supports international mobility of students and researchers through the CsF.


In addition Switzerland participates in 32 FP7 Projects with Brazilian partners (see annex 2).


• State Secretariat for Education, Research and Innovation: www.sbfi.admin.ch

• Swiss National Science Foundation: www.snf.ch

• The Commission for Technology and Innovation: www.kti.admin.ch


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EUROPEAN UNION


1. Bilateral Agreement for scientific and technological cooperation between the European Community and the Federative Republic of Brazil. Signed on 19/1/2004 it came into force on 7/8/2007. It was renewed for another five years in 2012. The objective of the agreement is to encourage, develop and facilitate cooperative activities in areas of common interest by carrying out and supporting scientific and technological research and development activities. The Joint Steering Committee Meeting (JSCM) is normally held once a year. The counterparts are: MCTI for the Brazilian side and the Directorate General for Research and Innovation (RTD) for the EU side.

2. Agreement for cooperation (CA) between the European Atomic Energy Community and the Government of the Federative Republic of Brazil in the field of fusion energy research. Signed on 27/11/2009, it was ratified by the Brazilian Senate on 28/12/2012 and entered into force in January 2013. The CA constitutes the appropriate framework to encompass and promote further collaborative activities and projects and its main objective is to intensify cooperation between the Parties in the areas covered by their respective fusion programmes, on the basis of mutual benefit and overall reciprocity, in order to advance in developing fusion energy as future sustainable energy source.

3. Cooperation Arrangement between the European Commission's Joint Research Centre (JRC) and MCTI. Signed on 24/1/2013 in Brasilia, it was one of the highlights of the 6th EU-Brazil Summit. The objective is to strengthen and further structure scientific and other cooperative activities in the areas of disaster prevention and crisis management; climate change and sustainable management of natural resources and ecosystem services; energy, including bioenergy and smart grids; food security; bio-economy; information and communication technologies (ICT), as well as nanotechnologies. The intention is to hold the first Steering Group meeting back to back with the next JSCM in Brussels.

4. The Information Society Dialogue is under the responsibility of the Directorate General CONNECT and MCTI. The EU-Brazil Dialogue in the Information Society field between the European Commission and Brazilian authorities - covering aspects of policy, regulation and research & development cooperation in the ICT sector - has been strengthened over the last years and has been made annual. The 5th and latest session of the annual Dialogue that the European Commission and the Brazilian Government have established in the ICT field in the context of the EU-Brazil Strategic Partnership, took place in Brussels on 21-22 November 2012.

5. DG Education and Culture and CAPES (Coordination for Improvement of High Level Education – linked to the Ministry of Education of Brazil) are responsible for the policy dialogue on education. A Memorandum of Understanding between the Brazilian Ministry of Foreign Affairs and the European Commission was signed in July 2007, the main focus of which is on academic exchanges, the creation of an Institute of European Studies, and policy dialogue. A Joint Declaration on Education and Training was signed on May 2009. In 2011, following Commissioner Vassiliou's visit to Brazil in April and the EU-Brazil Summit in Brussels in October, higher education featured in the resulting Joint Statement. The first EU-Brazil meeting of the policy dialogue on education took place on


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21 November 2011 in Brazil and led to a Joint statement. The issues included the mobility of students, academic staff, researchers, recognition, participation in EU academic cooperation programmes.

Priorities

Cooperation with Brazil needs to be seen against the background of the new strategic approach on international cooperation in research and innovation (COM(2012)497) as outlined in the recent Communication (COM(2012)497).

The three objectives are:

a. Strengthening the Union’s excellence and attractiveness in research and innovation as well as its economic and industrial competitiveness;

b. Tackling global societal challenges; and

c. Supporting the Union’s external policies. Cooperation is an instrument of soft power and a mechanism for improving relations.

Currently the main areas for the participation of Brazilian public and private research organisation in FP7 are: Health, Environment (including climate change); Food, Agriculture, Fisheries and Bio-technology and Information and Communication Technologies.

However, in future to maximise the impact of cooperation, areas for cooperation are being identified in line with the following set of criteria:

a. Research and innovation capacity, including investment, output, human resources and infrastructure;

b. Risks and opportunities for access to existing, new or emerging markets, and their impact on the Union's competitiveness;

c. Contribution to the Union´s international commitments; and

d. The legal and administrative frameworks in place.

With strategic partners such as Brazil, this will lead to the establishment of bi-annual roadmaps for cooperation.

The science, technology and innovation cooperation is to be seen in the context of the broader of the EU-Brazil Strategic Partnership initiated at the first bilateral summit in Lisbon in 2007 and most lately reconfirmed in the sixth Summit held in Brasília in January 2013.

Brazil is the fifth largest country in the world and an emerging global economic (6th at global level) and political player implementing an increasingly assertive foreign policy. Moreover, it is already a major destination for European investments. In the first nine months29 of 2012 Brazil was the eighth most important trading partner accounting for just over 2% of the international trade in goods. Exports to Brazil are mostly (85%) manufactured good while import of raw materials accounted for just over a third and food and drinks for nearly 30%.

In this context all three objectives stated in the recent Communication on international cooperation in research and innovation are relevant.

29 EUROSTAT NewsRelease STST/13/10


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The Joint Research Centre is involved in the following sectoral dialogues.

1. Flash Flood Forecasting and Flood Forecasting and Monitoring applied to Brazilian study cases:

Presented by CEMADEN under the patronage of the Ministry of Science, Technology and Innovation.

General objective: Training of CEMADEN scientists on flash flood forecasting; and evaluation of the capacity of flood predicting and monitoring tools over Brazilian observed sites.

2. Smart Grids:

Presented by APTEL - Association of the Enterprises Holding the Infrastructure and the Private Systems of Telecommunication (Patronage: Ministry of Environment).

General objective: In view of the implementation of the smart grid, the dialogues aims to address economic evaluation of costs and benefits perceived by consumers, concessionaries and by the society.

3. BraSIS - Brazilian Sanitation Information System:

Presented by Oswaldo Cruz Foundation (FIOCRUZ) + Ministry of Health and National School of Public Health (Under the patronage: FIOCRUZ).

General Objective: Specify the data and information system required to develop and maintain services of water and sanitation in Brazil (new Data & Information System).

4. Diplomacy of Innovation

Presented by: Brazil's Ministry of Foreign Relations

General Objective: Bringing together Brazilian and EU practitioners (from government agencies, firms and academia) in innovation policy design.

The JRC also contributes to the sector dialogue ''Remote sensing for detecting land cover changes and oil spills'', developed by DG ENV.


1. The majority of EU-Brazil scientific co-operation takes place through the EU’s 7th Framework Programme (FP7). Brazil ranks 6th among the Third Countries in terms of participation. The instruments for the targeted actions included coordinated calls as well as Specific International Cooperation Actions (SICAs). There are over 140 FP7 research projects under the Cooperation and Capacities objectives with some 200 Brazilian participations, and the EU contribution to the Brazilian partners is approximately €28 million.

2. The main areas of cooperation are: environment; information and communication technologies; food, agriculture, fisheries, and biotechnology; health; nanotechnologies, transport materials and new production technologies; energy; social sciences and research as well as infrastructures.


55

3. The following examples provide a short overview of successful projects in different areas where some of the best performing research organisations of Brazil cooperate with European researchers.

a. There is a long standing and intense cooperation on agriculture, food and biotechnologies covering different areas such as animal health and breeding, plant breeding, conservation agriculture, biomass but also biotechnology more generally. A major partner here is often EMBRAPA, the leading Brazilian institute on agricultural research. EMBRAPA is also active in energy and environment projects.

b. In the transport area Embraer is a pro-active participant in our projects; for instance in work towards new standards for innovative on-board electronic systems (the DIANA project, includes Dassault, Alenia and European suppliers); on alternative fuels demonstration flights (the ITAKA project includes Airbus and other European aviation & energy partners); on innovative low-noise tail-cone composite structures (the ADVITAC project, with European suppliers and research labs). Following Embraer's key role in the support action CoopAIR-Latin America (incl. EADS/Airbus), and the recent €150 million investment in the opening of two brand new large production plants in Portugal, good prospects are set for enhanced R&I cooperation in the framework of Horizon 2020.

c. The main cooperation in health has been on infectious diseases, such as chagas disease, malaria, tuberculosis and HIV/AIDS. Furthermore the EU is also funding research on new therapeutic approaches in chronic inflammatory and autoimmune diseases. This has often been in a multilateral context involving other Latin American countries. The main Brazilian interlocutor is the Oswaldo Cruz Foundation – FIOCRUZ.

4. Coordinated calls have been launched based on mutual interest and without exchange of funds (i.e. where each side funds their own research) in the following areas: Energy (second generation biofuels) and ICT (Microelectronics/Microsystems, Networked Monitoring and Control, Future Internet, and e-Infrastructures). Proposals under the 2nd Coordinated Call with Brazil on ICT topics were evaluated in March 2013.

a. Renewable energy: second generation biofuels, with a total budget of €8 million (€4 million on each side). Two projects (Sustainable Liquid Biofuels from Biomass Biorefining - SUNNLIBB; and Energy-Efficient 2G Bioethanol Biorefinery - PROETHANOL2G) have been funded and are still on-going. Given Brazil’s leading role in this area, both projects are of high scientific value for Europe.

b. ICT: (microelectronics/microsystems, networked monitoring and control, future internet, and e-infrastructures) in 2010 with a budget of €10 million (€5 million on each side), equally supported by the EU through FP7 and the National Council for Scientific and Technologic Development (CNPq); proposals under the 2nd coordinated call with Brazil on ICT launched in 2012 are being evaluated.

5. Brazil has also seized the opportunity to participate in several SICAs targeting Latin America as a region. Particularly relevant are the many projects in the area of the Knowledge Based Bio-Economy (such as the Project SWEETFUEL – sweet sorghum, an alternative energy source; AFSPAM - aquaculture for food security, poverty alleviation


56

and nutrition); or in the area of nanosciences, nanotechnologies, materials and new product technologies.

6. Important partners in terms of the number of projects in which they participate include the University of São Paulo (mostly active in areas such as environment, ICT, food, agriculture, biotech and health); the Federal University of Rio de Janeiro (in the areas of health, energy, transport and social sciences); the University of Campinas (in energy, ICT and knowledge based bio-economy).

7. The CLIM-AMAZON joint Brazilian-European scientific initiative supported by the EU (European Union) through the FP7 (Seventh Framework Programme for Research and Technological Development) under the INCO-Lab scheme. This co-operation aims at fostering exchanges between Brazilian and European scientists in the area of geosciences and environmental studies, by means of scientific meetings, visits of experienced European researchers in Brazil, PhD and Post Doc calls open to European universities proposing to develop new research approaches in the Amazon region, a world-class example for climate research.

8. The B.BICE+ (Brazilian Bureau to Enhance the Bilateral Cooperation between Brazil and Europe) project started in 2012. The European partners are the Development Research Institute of France (IRD), the International Bureau of the German Federal Ministry of Education and Research (BMBF) and the Greek Foundation for Research and Technology Hellas (FORTH). The Brazilian partners are the National Council for Scientific and Technological Development (CNPq), the Fundacao Universidade de Brasilia (UnB) and Associação Nacional de Entidades Promotoras de Empreendimentos inovadores (Anprotec).

B.BICE+ aims to improve the cooperation in Science, Technology and Innovation between Brazil and the EU. It is a successor project to both the B.BICE+ and APORTA projects. It also has a quarterly newsletter and a website (http://bbice.ibict.br) and developed a Competency Map of the Brazilian Institutions created to help expand the knowledge of the Brazilian competencies in the EU. In the new phase of the project, it also has a work package for the relations between the EU and the Member States as well as enhancement of SME's and enterprise participation in the new Horizon 2020 Programme.

9. As regards Brazilian participation in EU-CELAC regional cooperation, Brazil is a partner of the INCO-Net ALCUENET - Latin America, Caribbean and European Union Network on Research and Innovation, 2012-2016. Coordinator Ministry of Science and Technology (Argentina). The European countries involved are: Austria, Spain, Finland, France, Portugal and Norway. The Brazilian counterpart is the Ministry of Science, Technology and Innovation (MCTI).

10. In the area of nuclear research, there are presently about 15 on-going collaborative activities - involving 17 European research institutions or fusion associations and 14 Brazilian entities- in the field of fusion energy research. Besides different specific Joint European Torus (JET) related projects were identified and two of them are already on-going.

11. Over 40 Marie Skłodowska-Curie researcher mobility actions are in place. Furthermore, Brazilian institutions have benefited so far from an EU contribution of €7 million for


57

cooperation activities and the exchange of researchers under the People programme/Marie Curie Actions.

Enhancing Mobility

In January 2012 the European Commission informed Member States about the opportunities offered by the Brazilian international mobility programme Science without Borders. Science without Borders is a €1.26 billion scholarship scheme that will enable up to 75,000Brazilian students and researchers to study and work at leading international universities from 2012 to 2015. It also has a window to attract highly qualified foreign researchers to work with local researchers in joint projects. There are currently over 13,500 Brazilian students studying and working in Europe under this scheme. The European Commission's Joint Research Centre (JRC) provided posts in JRC labs for scientists with focus towards areas of cooperation JCR-Brazil.

More than 1,000 scholarships were awarded to Brazilians through the Alban programme, and even more through national schemes. Links with European higher education and research have also been strengthened through programmes such as Erasmus Mundus, ALFA, the Marie Curie Actions (MCA) and Jean Monet. Over 2,000 Brazilian students and teaching staff have benefitted from Erasmus Mundus funded mobility since 2004. In 2013, 330 Erasmus Mundus mobility schemes (incoming and outgoing) are planned. So far, over 80 Brazilian researchers have undertaken Marie Curie Fellowships in Europe; and organisations located in Brazil participated more than 110 times in MCA. On top of this, under the International Research Staff Exchange Scheme, it is expected that 7,600 researcher-months will be paid for to exchange more than 2,50030 researchers between Brazil and the EU as well as its associated countries.

The strong international dimension will remain in the Marie Skłodowska-Curie Actions (MSCA) of Horizon 2020.


Regional cooperation within the context of the EU-CELAC Joint Initiative for Research and Innovation.

Further information on research and innovation 1. http://ec.europa.eu/information_society/activities/internationalrel/dialogue_coop/latin_america/index_e

n.htm

2. http://ec.europa.eu/education/external-relation-programmes/brazil_en.htm

3. http://ec.europa.eu/europeaid/where/latin-america/regional-cooperation/alban/index_en.htm

4. http://eacea.ec.europa.eu/erasmus_mundus/index_en.php

5. http://ec.europa.eu/europeaid/where/latin-america/regional-cooperation/alfa/index_en.htm

6. http://ec.europa.eu/research/mariecurieactions/

7. http://ec.europa.eu/education/lifelong-learning-programme/monnet_en.htm

8. http://eulacfoundation.org/mapeo-en

9. http://www.clim-amazon.eu/

10. http://ec.europa.eu/dgs/jrc/index.cfm?id=1410&obj_id=16020&dt_code=NWS&lang=en&ori=HLN 30 Number based on a usual average of 3 months per each stay (~ 1 300 BR to EU/AC, 1 200 EU/AC to BR).


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ANNEX 1 - QUESTIONNAIRE

• Co-operation Framework (e.g. bilateral agreements)

What are the bilateral agreements at national level? What are their focus and date? Who are the Brazilian/European counterparts? How often are any steering committees held?

• Priorities

Is there a national strategy to R&I with Brazil? What are the priority areas for bilateral cooperation? What are the main motivations for cooperating with Brazil?

• Innovation-related activities

Is there a bilateral innovation dialogue or exchange mechanisms? Are there specific programmes and joint funding? Are there priority fields? Are there bottom-up or top-down specific/ thematic call for proposals?

• Main initiatives and programmes (funding bodies, universities, polytechnics, research performing organisations)

What are the main cooperation activities in research and innovation? What mechanisms are being used? Who are the national and Brazilian partners? What are the funding mechanisms? Are there any future plans to indicate?

• Joint Institutes/laboratories

Are there joint institutes and/or laboratories? If yes, in which research/technology fields? Which legal form do the joint institutes/laboratories have?

• Enhancing Mobility

What kind of mobility schemes are in place?

• Trilateral or multilateral joint initiatives

Is this approach used? Do you see scope for this and in which areas?

• Further information on research and innovation

Useful websites or contact details for public use


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ANNEX 2 - LIST OF FP7 COOPERATION AND CAPACITIES PROJECTS The table represents the number of partners from Brazil, the Member States and in FP7 Associated Countries involved in the FP7 projects from the Cooperation and Capacities objectives. The data is extracted from CORDIS (27 March 2013) with the criteria of at least one Brazilian institution involved and a project status "on-going".

EU Member States FP7 Associated Countries Project Acronym B

R AT

BE

BG

CY

CZ

DE

DK

EE

EL

ES FI F

R HU IE IT L

T LU

LV

MT

NL

PL

PT

RO

SE SI S

K UK

CH

HR IL N

O TR

4D4LIFE 1 2 3 1 5 1 1 2 1 1 5 1 11 ADVITAC 1 1 1 2 1 1 1 AFSPAN 1 1 1 2 1 AGRICAB 1 2 1 1 2 ALCUE NET 2 1 1 1 1 2 1 1 ALCUE-KBBE 1 1 1 1 1 1 AMAZALERT 3 1 1 1 1 2 3 AMERICAS 1 1 1 ANIMALCHANGE 2 1 1 1 1 4 1 1 2 2 1 2 1 APORTA 1 1 1 1 ATLANTIC FUTURE 1 1 1 2 1 1 2

ATP 1 1 1 B.BICE+ 3 1 1 1 BAMMBO 1 2 1 2 2 1 1 BELIEF-II 1 1 2 1 BENWOOD 1 3 2 1 1 1 1 1 BERENICE 1 3 1 1 BIO CIRCLE 1 1 1 1 2 1 1 1 BIO CIRCLE 2 1 1 2 1 1 1 1 BIOREMA 1 1 1 1 BIOTOP 1 1 1 1 1 1 BIOVEL 1 3 1 1 2 2 3 1 2 BRIGHTANIMAL 1 3 1 1 2 1 CANEBIOFUEL 3 1 1 CASAGRAS2 1 1 1 5 1 CATCH 1 3 1 2 4 CEECEC 1 2 2 1 1 1 1 CHAGASEPINET 2 2 1 1 1 2 CHANCE2 SUSTAIN 1 1 1 1 1

CHIBCHA 1 2 1 2 CHOREOS 1 3 5 5 1 1 1 CIVI.NET 2 1 1 1 1 CLARIS LPB 4 2 1 2 3 1 1 1 CLIM-AMAZON 1 2 1 2 1 COBRA 1 1 2 3


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R AT

BE

BG

CY

CZ

DE

DK

EE

EL

ES FI F

R HU IE IT L

T LU

LV

MT

NL

PL

PT

RO

SE SI S

K UK

CH

HR IL N

O TR

COLLAB4 SAFETY 1 1 1 1 2 2

COMBINE 1 1 1 2 1 1 2 3 1 3 1 4 1 1 COMBIOSERVE 2 1 1 1 1 COMPASS 1 1 3 1 3 COOPAIR-LA 1 3 1 1 1 COROADO 1 1 2 1 1 1 1 1 DEGISCO 1 2 1 1 1 1 DENGUETOOLS 1 1 1 2 1 3 1 DESAFIO 4 1 1 DEVCOCAST 3 2 1 1 1 2 DIBANET 5 1 1 1 2 1 DYNALEARN 1 1 2 1 1 1 1 1 EELA-2 1 1 2 1 1 1 EGOVPOLINET 1 1 1 1 1 1 2 1 2 EJOLT 1 1 1 1 1 3 2 1 1 1 1 1 1 ELCIRA 1 1 1 1 1 ELLA 1 1 1 1 ENABLE 1 1 1 1 ENGOV 1 1 1 1 1 ENHANCED WISETRIP 1 1 2 2 2 3 1

EQUITY-LA 1 1 1 EQUITY-LA II 2 1 1 ERA 1 1 3 1 2 1 1 EU BON 1 1 1 4 2 1 1 3 1 1 3 1 1 5 1 1 1 EUCO-NET 1 1 4 2 EU-LAC HEALTH 1 1 2 1 1 EULARINET 1 1 2 4 1 2 2 1 EULASUR 2 1 1 2 2 1 1 EUROBROADMAP 1 1 2 1 2 1 1 1

FIRST 2 1 1 1 1 FOODSECURE 1 1 3 1 3 1 2 1 1 1 FORESTA 1 1 1 1 FUTON 1 1 2 1 2 1 1 3 5 1 GEOCARBON 1 1 1 3 2 4 3 5 2 2 GEO-PICTURES 3 1 1 1 1 2 GEOWOW 1 1 5 3 2 2 GISELA 2 1 2 1 1 GLOBAL-BIO-PACT 1 2 2 2 1

GMOS 1 1 2 1 2 2 1 3 1 1 1 GREENSEAS 1 1 2 2 IDAMS 1 1 1 3 2


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R AT

BE

BG

CY

CZ

DE

DK

EE

EL

ES FI F

R HU IE IT L

T LU

LV

MT

NL

PL

PT

RO

SE SI S

K UK

CH

HR IL N

O TR

IDEALVENT 1 3 1 2 2 IMARINE 1 2 3 4 1 1 INGINEUS 1 1 1 1 2 1 1 1 INNOVASOL 1 1 3 1 2 ITAKA 1 3 2 3 1 1 1 3 1 JATROPT 1 1 1 2 2 KARYON 1 1 1 2 2 KIDSINN SCIENCE 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1

LEAF 1 1 1 1 2 1 LIGNODECO 2 1 1 1 1 LOWINPUT BREEDS 1 1 2 1 1 1 1 1 4 1 1 4

MACAN 1 1 5 1 1 1 1 1 1 MADE 1 1 2 1 4 2 1 MARINET 1 1 3 2 2 2 2 3 2 1 7 2 MEDEA 1 1 1 1 1 MEDNET 2 2 1 3 1 MINANO 1 1 1 2 M-INCLUSION 2 3 1 MYFIRE 1 1 2 1 MYWATER 1 1 1 1 1 1 3 NANO SOLUTIONS 1 2 5 1 4 3 1 1 2 1 3 5 1

NANOVALID 2 1 3 6 1 1 1 1 1 2 1 2 1 3 2 NECOBELAC 1 1 1 1 1 NEURONANO 1 1 1 2 2 NOPOOR 1 1 1 2 1 2 1 1 NOVEMOR 1 1 1 1 1 2 NTM-IMPACT 1 1 1 2 1 1 1 OFELIA 2 1 4 2 2 1 4 1 OPENNESS 1 2 2 2 3 2 1 2 1 4 1 2 2 5 2 OSCAR 1 4 1 6 1 1 1 1 1 1 PARAVAC 1 2 1 1 1 2 1 1 5 1 PHBOTTLE 1 2 1 3 1 1 PHORBITECH 1 1 2 1 2 PLANTLIBRA 1 2 4 1 1 2 4 2 1 4 1 POLICYMIX 2 1 1 1 1 1 1 PREGVAX 1 1 1 1 PROBE-IT 1 1 2 1 1 PRO-IDEAL 1 1 1 PRO-IDEAL PLUS 1 1 1 QBOL 1 2 1 1 1 3 2 3 1 1 1 RECOVER 1 1 1 2 1 1 REDD-FLAME 1 1 3 1


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R AT

BE

BG

CY

CZ

DE

DK

EE

EL

ES FI F

R HU IE IT L

T LU

LV

MT

NL

PL

PT

RO

SE SI S

K UK

CH

HR IL N

O TR

REWIND 1 1 1 2 1 RISC 1 1 2 1 1 RISKCYCLE 1 3 1 3 1 2 1 2 1 ROBIN 1 1 1 1 2 1 SAFER BRAIN 2 1 1 2 3 1 SALSA 2 2 1 1 1 1 2 SDH-NET 1 1 1 1 2 SETTREND 3 2 3 1 SIMBA II 1 3 SIRIUS 1 3 1 2 1 1 2 1 1 1 SOCIETIC 1 1 2 2 SPECS 1 2 3 3 1 1 1 6 2 STAR-IDAZ 1 1 1 1 1 3 1 1 2 SWEETFUEL 1 3 1 2 SYNAPTIC 1 1 1 1 1 3 TARKINAID 2 2 1 2 2 2 TEFIS 1 2 2 2 6 1 1 1 1 1 TIMER 3 1 2 1 3 TRACES 1 1 1 1 TRIAD 1 3 1 2 TURBLOG_WW 2 2 2 1 VEG-I-TRADE 1 8 4 1 1 4 VIAJEO 4 1 2 1 3 3 5 VIROCLIME 1 1 2 1 1 2 WELFARE INDICATORS 1 1 1 1 1 1 2 1

X-NOISE EV 1 1 1 1 1 1 5 1 1 1 1 2 1 1 1 1 4 1

Total number of projects 14

4

22

24

4 3 4 78

29

4 26

81

16

69

12

12

76

2 1 2 2 59

7 35

9 29

7 6 94

32

2 5 23

5

BILAT: EU-Brazil bilateral coordination for the enhancement and development of S&T Partnerships

B.BICE+: Brazilian Bureau to Enhance the Bilateral Cooperation between Brazil and Europe (2012-2015),

France Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD) Greece Foundation for Research and Technology Hellas (FORTH)

European Partners

Germany Deutsches Zentrum für Luft und Raumfahrt (DLR) Brazilian Partners CNPq

ANPROTEC Fundação Universidade de Brasília


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APORTA: Supporting EU Access to Brazilian national research programmes (2009-2012)

France Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD) Greece Foundation for Research and Technology Hellas (FORTH)

European Partners

Germany Deutsches Zentrum für Luft und Raumfahrt (DLR) Brazilian Partners CNPq

INCO-NET: Bi-regional coordination of S&T cooperation including priority setting and definition of S&T cooperation policies

ALCUENET: Latin America, Caribbean and European Union Network on Research and Innovation, 2012-2016.

Germany Deutsches Zentrum für Luft und Raumfahrt (DLR) Spain Ministerio de Economia y Competitividad (MINECO) France Centre de Coopération International en Recherche Agronomique pour le

Développement (CIRAD) Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)

Austria Zentrum für Soziale Innovation (ZSI) Portugal Fundacao para a Ciencia e a Tecnologia (FCT) Finland Teknologian Tutkimuskeskus (VTT)

European Partners

Norway Norges Forskningsrad (RCN - Norway Research Council) Brazilian Partners Ministério da Ciência, Tecnologia e Inovação (MCTI)

CNPq Argentina Ministerio de Ciencia, Tecnología e Innovación Productiva (MINCyT) Barbados Caribbean Science Foundation INC (CSF) Chile Comision Nacional de Investigacion Cientifica y Tecnologica (CONICYT) Colombia Instituto Colombiano para el Desarrollo de la Ciencia y la Tecnologia (COLCIENCIAS) Costa Rica Ministerio de Ciencia y Tecnologia de Costa Rica (MICIT) Dominican Republic

Ministerio de Educacion Superior Ciencia y Tecnologia (MESCYT)

México Consejo Nacional De Ciencia Y Tecnologia (CONACYT) Panama Secretaria Nacional de Ciencia, Tecnologia e Innovacion (SENACYT)

Other Latin America and Caribbean Partners

Uruguay Ministerio de Educacion y Cultura


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EULARINET: European Union - Latin American Research and Innovation Networks (2008-2012)

Germany Federal Ministry of Education and Research (BMBF) International Bureau of the Federal Ministry of Education and Research (DLR)

Spain Ministerio de Ciencia e Innovación (MICINN) Universidad Politécnica de Madrid (UPM) Spanish Council for Scientific Research (CSIC)

France Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD) Centre de coopération internationale en recherche agronomique pour le développement (CIRAD)

Austria Centre for Social Innovation (ZSI) Portugal Agência de Inovação (ADI)

Fundação para Ciência e Tecnologia (FCT) Finland Academy of Finland (AKA)

European Partners

Norway Norges Forskningsrad (RCN - Norway Research Council) Brazilian Partners CNPq

Argentina Ministerio de Ciencia, Tecnología e Innovación Productiva (MINCYT) Chile Comisión Nacional de Investigación Científica y Tecnológica (CONICYT) Colombia Instituto Colombiano para el Desarrollo de la Ciencia y la Tecnología (COLCIENCIAS Mexico Consejo Nacional de Ciencia y Tecnología (CONACYT) Nicaragua Consejo Nicaragüense de Ciencia y Tecnología (CONICYT)


Uruguay Ministerio de Educación y Cultura- CUBIST (MEC – CUBIST)

ERA-NET: To step up the cooperation and coordination of research activities carried out at national or regional level in the Member States and Associated States through the networking of research activities and the mutual opening of national and regional research programmes.

ERA-NET-LAC: Network of the European Union, Latin America and the Caribbean Countries on Joint Innovation and Research Activities (2013-16, starting October 2013).


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Germany International Bureau of the German Federal Ministry of Education and Research German Aerospace Centre (DLR)

Spain Ministerio de Economía y Competitividad (MINECO) Programa Iberoamericano de Ciencia y Tecnología para el Desarrollo (CYTED)

France Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD) Italy National Research Council (CNR) Portugal Fundação para a Ciência e a Tecnologia (FCT) Romania Executive Agency for Higher Education, Research, Development and Innovation

Funding (UEFISCDI) Finland Suomen Akatemia (AKA) Norway Norges Forskningsrad (RCN - Norway Research Council)

European Partners

Turkey Scientific and Technological Research Council of Turkey TUBITAK Brazilian Partners CNPq

FAPESP Argentina Ministerio de Ciencia, Tecnología e Innovación Productiva (MINCYT) Barbados Caribbean Science Foundation (CSF) Chile Comisión Nacional de Investigación Científica y Tecnológica (CONICYT) Mexico Consejo Nacional de Ciencia y Tecnología (CONACYT) Panama Secretaria Nacional de Ciencia, Tecnología y Innovación (SENACYT) Peru National Council of Science, Technology and Technological Innovation (CONCYTEC)


Uruguay Ministerio de Educación y Cultura


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ANNEX 3 - ACRONYMS OF BRAZILIAN INSTITUTIONS ABDI: Agencia Brasileira de Desenvolvimento Industrial -- Brazilian Industrial

Development Agency

Web site: http://www.abdi.com.br/

AEB: Agencia Espacial Brasileira – Brazilian Space Agency

Web site: http://www.aeb.gov.br/

ANDIFES: Associação Nacional dos Dirigentes das Instituições Federais de Ensino Superior

Web site: http://www.andifes.org.br

ANPEI: Associação Nacional de Pesquisa e Desenvolvimento das Empresas Inovadoras - National Innovative Companies Research, Development and Engineering Association

Web site: www.anpei.org.br

ANPROTEC: Associação Nacional de Entidades Promotoras de Empreendimentos de Tecnologias Avançadas – National Association of Entities Promoting Advanced Techonology Entreprises

Web site: www.anprotec.org.br

APTEL: Associação de Empresas Proprietárias de Infraestrutura e de Sistemas Privados de Telecomunicações - Association of the Enterprises Holding Infrastructure and Private Systems of Telecommunication

Web site: http://www.aptel.com.br/

CAPES: Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior - Federal Agency for Support and Evaluation of Graduate Education

Web site: http://www.capes.gov.br/

CBPF: Centro Brasileiro de Pesquisas Físicas – Brazilian Centre for Physics Research

Web site: http://www.cbpf.br

CGEE: Centro de Gestão de Estudos Estratégicos -- Centre for Management and Strategic Studies

Web site: http://www.cgee.org.br/

CEMADEN: Centro Nacional de Monitoramento e Alertas de Desastres Naturais –

Web site: http://www.cemaden.gov.br/

CNI: Confederação Nacional da Industria - National Confederation of Industry

Web site: http://www.portaldaindustria.com.br/

CNPq: Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico - National Council of Scientific and Technological Development

Web site: http://www.cnpq.br/


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CONFAP: Conselho Nacional das Fundações Estaduais de Amparo à Pesquisa – National Council of Research Foundations

Web site: http://www.confap.org.br/

CONIF: Conselho Nacional das Instituições da Rede Federal de Educação Profissional, Científica e Tecnológica – National Council of Federal Network of Professional, Scientific and Technological Institutions

Web site: http://www.conif.org.br/

CONSECTI: Conselho Nacional de Secretários Estaduais para assuntos de Ciência, Tecnólogia e Inovação – National Council of State Secretaries in charge of Science, Technology and Innovation issues.

Web site: http://www.consecti.org.br/

CSF: Ciência sem Fronteiras – Science without Borders

Web site: http://www.cienciasemfronteiras.gov.br

EMBRAPA: Empresa Brasileira de Pesquisa Agropecuária - Brazilian Agricultural Research Corporation

Web site: http://www.embrapa.br/

EMBRAPII: Empresa Brasileira de Pesquisa e Inovação Industrial – Brazilian Industrial Research and Innovation Corporation

Web site: this institution is in the process of being set-up. No dedicated web site yet.

ENCTI: Estratégia Nacional 2012 - 2015 Ciência, Tecnologia e Inovação – National Science Technology and Innovation Strategy

Web site: http://www.mct.gov.br/index.php/content/view/336399/Estrategia_Nacional_de_Ciencia_Tecnologia_e_Inovacao_2012_2015_e_Balanco_das_Atividades_Estruturantes_2011.html

FACEPE: Fundação de Amparo a Ciência e Tecnologia do Estado de Pernambuco – Pernambuco State Science and Technology Foundation

Web site: http://www.facepe.br/

FAPEAM: Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado do Amazonas – Amazonas State Research Foundation

Web site: http://www.fapeam.am.gov.br/

FAPEMA: Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa e ao Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico do Maranhão – Maranhão State Research and Technology Foundation

Web site: http://www.fapema.br/site2012/

FAPEMIG: Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de Minas Gerais – Minas Gerais State Research Foundation

Web site: http://www.fapemig.br/


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FAPERJ: Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado do Rio de Janeiro – Rio de Janeiro State Research Foundation

Web site: http://www.faperj.br/

FAPESP: Fundação de Amparo a Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo – São Paulo State Research Foundation

Web site: http://www.fapesp.br/

FAPESPA: Fundação Amazônia Paraense de Amparo à Pesquisa – Para State Amazon Research Foundation

Web site: http://www.fapespa.pa.gov.br/

FAP Tumucumaque: Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado do Amapá – Amapa State Research Foundation

Web site: http://www.ap.gov.br/amapa/tumucumaque/paginas/institucional/historico.php

FINEP: Financiadora de Estudos e Projetos – Studies and Projects Finance Organization

Web site: http://www.finep.gov.br/

FIOCRUZ: Fundação Oswaldo Cruz - Foundation Oswaldo Cruz

Web site: http://portal.fiocruz.br/

GCUB: Grupo Coimbra de Universidades Brasileiras – Coimbra Group of Brazilian Universities

Web site: http://www.grupocoimbra.org.br/

IBE: Instituto de Estudos Brasil Europa – Institute for Brazil Europe

Web site: http://www.ibe.usp.br

IMPA: Instituto Nacional de Matematica Pura e Aplicada – National Institute of Pure and Applied Mathematics

Web site: http://www.impa.br

INCT: Institutos Nacionais de Ciência e Tecnologia – National Institutes of Science and Technology

No web site – this is a collective name for different institutes.

INPA: Instituto Nacional de Pesquisas da Amazonia – National Institute for Amazonian Research

Web site: http://www.inpa.gov.br/

INPE: Instituo Nacional de Pesquisas Espacias – National Institute for Space Research

Web site: http://www.inpe.br/

ITAL: Instituto de Tecnologia de Alimentos – Institute of Food Technology

Web site: http://www.ital.sp.gov.br/

LNCC: Laboratório Nacional de Computação Científica – National Laboratory for Scientific Computing


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Web site: http://www.lncc.br

LNLS: Laboratório Nacional de Luz Síncrotron - Brazilian Synchrotron Ligth Laboratory

Web site: http://lnls.cnpem.br/

MEC: Ministério da Educação – Ministry of Education

Web site: http://portal.mec.gov.br

MCTI: Ministério da Ciência, Tecnologia e Inovação – Ministry of Science Technology and Innovation

Web site: http://www.mct.gov.br/

MME: Ministério de Minas e Energia – Mines and Energy Ministry

Web site: http://www.mme.gov.br/mme

MPA: Ministério da Pesca e Aquicultura – Fisheries and Aquaculture Ministry

Web site: http://www.mpa.gov.br/

PBM: Plano Brasil Maior – Greater Brazil Plan

Web site: http://www.brasilmaior.mdic.gov.br/

PUCRS: Pontifícia Universidade Católica do Rio Grande do Sul – Pontifical Catholic University of Rio Grande do Sul

Web site: www.pucrs.br

SEBRAE: Serviço Brasileiro de Apoio a Micro e Pequenas Empresas - Brazilian Service of Support for Micro and Small Enterprises

Web site: http://www.sebrae.com.br/

SENAC: Serviço Nacional de Aprendizagem Comercial -

Web site: http://www.senac.br/

SIBRATEC: Sistema Brasileiro de Tecnologia – Brazilian Technology System

Web site: http://www.brasil.gov.br/sobre/science-and-technology/fostering-and-support/sibratec/br_model1?set_language=en

UFAL: Universidade Federal de Alagoas – Federal University of Alagoas

Web site: http://www.ufal.edu.br/

UFBA: Universidade Federal da Bahia – Fedearl University of Bahia

Web site: https://www.ufba.br/

UFMG: Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais – Federal University of Minas Gerais

Web site: https://www.ufmg.br/

UFPA: Universidade Federal do Pará – Federal University of Pará

Web site: http://www.portal.ufpa.br/

UFPE: Universidade Federal de Pernambuco – Federal University of Pernambuco

Web site: http://www.ufpe.br


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UFRGS: Universidade Federale do Rio Grande do Sul – Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul

Web site: http://www.ufrgs.br/ufrgs/inicial

UFRJ: Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro – Federal University of Rio de Janeiro

Web site: http://www.ufrj.br/

UFSC: Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina – Federal University of Santa Catarina

Web site: http://ufsc.br/

UnB: Universidade de Brasília – University of Brasilia

Web site: http://www.unb.br/

UNESP: Universidade Estadual Paulista "Júlio de Mesquita Filho" – São Paulo State University

Web site: http://www.unesp.br/

UNICAMP: Universidade Estadual de Campinas – University of Campinas

Web site: http://www.unicamp.br

USP: Universidade de São Paulo – University of São Paulo

Web site: http://www5.usp.br/


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ANNEX 4 - THE LAW OF TECHNOLOGICAL INNOVATION The law of Technological Innovation (Law Nº 10.973/2004), of 2004 (regulated by the decree Nº 5.563 in October 2005) The Law on Innovation is inspired by the French law on innovation and research of July 1999 (“loi Allègre”). It provides for three main lines of action:

a) Creation of conditions facilitating partnership building between universities, technological institutes and businesses. The private sector has since been able to use public laboratories and facilities for their research;

b) Promotion of participation in technological innovation. Civil-service researchers can negotiate contracts and licenses for their research work conducted with the private sector. The research institutes and universities are obliged to set up innovation agencies;

c) Offering the private sector incentives for creating innovation to by means of financial support measures.

Moreover, this law enabled the public-sector funding bodies to subsidize R&D projects undertaken by private industry.

The law was proposed by the end of the 1990s, at the beginning of President Cardoso’s second term. The long period of negotiation did not alter the Law’s main goal: to institutionalize formal channels linking the public science system with its users, mainly the private enterprises, and to allow the circulation of researchers between research organizations and enterprises. 31

When promulgated, the Law provided support for strategic alliances and cooperative projects and for mechanisms for sharing laboratories and other facilities, allowing the productive sector to benefit from the existing public infrastructure for research and development, making more concrete the possibility of achieving the elusive quest of university-industry collaboration pursued since the early 1990s. It also authorized public institutions to hold a minority stake in technological. It required universities and research centres to establish technology transfer offices (TTOs), to create awareness and to perform patenting and licensing activities in federal universities R&D centres. In 2006, there were 43 technology transfer offices in Brazil and 204 in 2012, members of FORTEC (FORTEC represents every Brazilian TTO and innovation office, from both private and public universities, as well as research labs and institutes. FORTEC works in bringing together representatives of innovation offices from universities, government and other research or policymaking institutions to discuss and share experiences on world-wide practices related to innovation and commercialisation of technologies). Finally, it awarded fiscal incentives for increasing collaboration between companies and research organizations, hiring Ph.D.

31 The project’s rapporteur commented in November of 2004: “The intellectual property related to the results will belong to the institutions in the proportion of the investment each of the participants made. This is something new in Brazil, but it is not in the USA, and in all countries of Europe and Asia. (…) So, if a scientist who works in a public University could develop a scientific project or a private company, we would get paid; it is not because that he is a state employee that he can’t exercise a paid activity in a private company. (…) The participation in the intellectual property will be secured (…)”


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holders and creating partnership with small technological enterprises and independent researchers.

The Innovation Law allowed researchers in Public Research Organizations (PROs) and federal universities to leave their post for up to three years, maintaining pension benefits and career evolution rights, to create technology-based start-ups and promoted the establishment of technology transfer offices (TTOs) in PROs and federal universities, with the following objective:

o contact the businesses to prospect transfer opportunities;

o identify the available technologies in the university that could be transferable;

o support the negotiation and the elaboration of the technology transfer contracts;

o elaborate studies of economic viability of the inventions of the university as support to the decision on patenting;

o accompany the implementation of the contracts;

o prospect the financing sources for projects of R&D;

o do the institutional marketing;

o protect the intellectual property of the university (patents, trademarks, etc.)

Even if the Law was not as effective as one should expect, its existence represents a real departure from the old framework that regulated the organization and the main activities reserved to the public science system. It recognizes new roles for researchers, creates new expectations for the research organizations – including public universities – and establishes a legal base for arguing in favour of strengthening the interface between public and private sector.

The law established a new legal framework to allow the provision of innovation subsidies directly to firms. Previously the government had to finance corporate R&D and innovation projects either through grants to individual researchers collaborating in corporate projects or university and public research organizations in cooperative projects with firms. In this regard, in 2006 the government launched the first annual public call of the Economic Subsidy Programme, administered by FINEP. The launching this Programme signalled a relevant shift from a research policy mainly perceived as public support for academic research to a research policy that recognizes the division of labour between research efforts from the private sector and the academic one, and puts a premium in the collaboration and network between these two actors.


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ANNEX 5 - THE NATIONAL INSTITUTES OF SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY (INCTS) The CNPq created 123 National Institutes of Science and Technology (INCTs) located in 16 different states in Brazil. These will function as a network with institutions throughout Brazil, playing a strategic role in the National System of Science and Technology. The approval of the institutes was announced at the end of November 2008. The creation of the institutes was made possible with about R$ 603 million worth of investments, the largest amount ever made available for a policy to support research in Brazil, and relied on partnerships with the Coordinating Office for the Advancement of Higher Education from the Ministry of Education (CAPES/MEC), with the Foundations for the Support of Research in the States of Amazonas (FAPEAM), Pará (FAPESPA), São Paulo (FAPESP), Minas Gerais (FAPEMIG), Rio de Janeiro (FAPERJ) and Santa Catarina (FAPESC), as well as the Ministry of Health, the National Bank for Economic and Social Development (BNDES), and with Petrobras, which has already indicated its plans to participate in the programme.

Each national institute is composed of teams from several universities and research organization and funding comes from multiple federal and state sources. For the first time, this programme clearly included in its evaluation process indicators of knowledge transfer activities and the economic and/or societal relevance of knowledge.

The National Institutes of Sciences and Technology (INCTs) programme is an excellent example of what collaboration can achieve between Federal and State level. The INCTs’ second largest source of funds is FAPESP, after the National Fund for Scientific and Technological Development (FNDCT). This arrangement allows greater regional capillarity and scope of high-level research.

INCTs are a gateway for international collaborations that promote the integration of researchers and help create critical mass, to give visibility to Brazilian research and open channels for raising funds.

In the case of INCT Climate Change, coordinated by Carlos Nobre, of the National Institute for Space Research, the investment is allowing the formation of stimulating a wide network of 250 researchers spread over 70 Brazilian institutions and ten international and sponsor studies that go beyond traditional climate research, addressing issues such as climate change adaptation, mitigation of their effects, and progress in determining the causes of global warming.

In 2011, French research institutions have organized a joint call with CNPq exclusively opened to INCTs (http://memoria.cnpq.br/editais/ct/2011/012.htm).


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ANNEX 6 - SIBRATEC The Programme that bridge the science and technology policy vision into to the technological innovation vision is the Sibratec umbrella programme. It was launched in 2007 and aims to support business technological development through promotion of research and development activities for innovation and supply of metrology and technological extension, assistance and transfer services. Its operation is through different networks of local agents catering to local productive requirements. Between 2007 and 2009, with resources from FNDCT / Sector Funds, Sibratec invested € 122.3 million in the implementation of eight state level technological extension networks, six thematic innovation centres and 18 technological services networks involving 54 institutions and 527 laboratories.

Sibratec is made of three types of network:

1) Innovation Centres composed of universities and research institutes with experience in business interactions. Its objective is to transform knowledge into commercially feasible prototypes for the creation of new technology-based firms or incremental innovation in existing firms;

2) Technological Services Institutes for the provision of metrology, norms, calibration, conformity analysis and essays through the articulation and modernization of existing entities and networks;

3) Technological Extension network to stimulate demand for specialized innovation assistance through consultants to make business diagnostics, propose solutions and prepare research projects for submission to research institutes.

The programmatic seed of the emerging innovation policy vision was FINEP’s Inovar Programme, a contemporary programme to the Green Book which was launched from May 2000 to promote venture capital (VC) for technology based start-up firms through public assistance and co-financing of technology-oriented VC funds to develop the seed industry and venture capital in Brazil. It aims to fill the gaps in the market for the development and consolidation of investment funds, training of entrepreneurs, attracting investors, and forming new fund managers, increasing the possibilities for supporting SMEs. A public seed capital fund programme was added in 2008 (Fundos Capital Semente) and another one at the National Bank for Economic and Social Development, BNDES, is the Fundo Criatec. These policy initiatives brought research policy makers and institutions closer to the market players, including capital and stock market institutions and organizations. Moreover, large business groups were attracted to venture capital.

A major change brought about by the Innovation Law and its subsequent regulatory measures was in the realm of innovation financing. The law established a new legal framework to allow the provision of innovation subsidies directly to firms. Previously the government had to finance corporate R&D and innovation projects either through grants to individual researchers collaborating in corporate projects or university and public research organizations in cooperative projects with firms. In this regard, in 2006 the government launched the first annual public call of the Economic Subsidy Programme, administered by FINEP. The launching this Programme signalled a relevant shift from a research policy mainly perceived as public support for academic research to a research policy that recognizes the division of labour between research efforts from the private sector and the academic one, and puts a premium in the collaboration and network between these two actors.


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ANNEX 7 – EMBRAPII: THE BRAZILIAN RESEARCH AND INDUSTRIAL INNOVATION COMPANY The mission of EMBRAPII, with investments for 2013 and 2014 totalling approximately R$1 billion, is to foster the cooperation process between domestic companies - especially small and medium businesses - and technological institutions or non-profit private legal entities dedicated to research and development. It is a “Social Organization” (OS) (and not a public state owned, like FINEP, EMBRAPA or CNPq) in order to promote research and technological innovation through cooperation between national institutions and businesses, working in the areas of technology, education, research and development. EMBRAPII intends to contribute to filling a gap in institutional coordination between the public and private sector, especially in the industrial segment, with the main perspective of promoting innovation in companies by exploring the decentralizing presence and established competence of existing technology institutes.

EMBRAPII has started with a pilot phase (2011-2013). The budget of R$90m for the first 18 months was divided between three selected institutes: the National Institute of Technology (INT/MCTI), the São Paulo State Technological Research Institute (IPT) and the Bahia State National Apprenticeship Service (Senai-Cimatec).

This initiative has been inspired by both the Brazilian EMBRAPA and the German Fraunhofer Society and intends to promote innovation across diverse industries in Brazil.


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ANNEX 8 – THE SCIENCE WITHOUT BORDERS PROGRAMME Funded primarily by the Brazilian Government, the Science without Borders programme (CsF) was launched in July 2011.The programme aims to send 101,000 Brazilian students to study internationally in the science, technology, engineering, and mathematics (STEM) subjects by 2015.The Government of Brazil is funding 75,000 scholarships and a further 26,000 are being funded by the private sector.

The programme is a joint effort of both the Brazilian Ministry of Education (MEC) and the Ministry of Science and Technology (MCT) through their respective funding agencies, namely the Federal Agency for Support and Evaluation of Graduate Education of Brazil (CAPES) and the National Council for Technological and Scientific Development (CNPq). CsF scholarships are intended mainly for Brazilian students and researchers and may cover one year of undergraduate study, PhD internships, full-time PhD studies, postdoctoral and professional education awards, senior fellowships and visiting researchers/scholars abroad.

There are no specific scholarships targeting Brazilian students at the master’s level. The programme also offers opportunities for researchers from abroad to conduct research in Brazil. The awards cover international airfare, a monthly stipend (housing and living costs), and health insurance and, in some cases, a tuition fee package negotiated in advance. The fields of interest are mostly STEM fields (Science, Technology, Engineering and Math), as detailed below:

• Engineering;

• Physical Sciences: Mathematics, Physics, Chemistry, Biology and Geosciences;

• Clinical, Pre-clinical and Health Sciences;

• Computing and Information Technology;

• Aerospace Technology;

• Pharmaceuticals;

• Sustainable Agricultural Production;

• Oil, Gas and Coal;

• Renewable Energy;

• Minerals Technology;

• Biotechnology;

• Nanotechnology and New Materials;

• Technologies for Prevention and Mitigation of Natural Disasters;

• Bioprospecting and Biodiversity;

• Marine Sciences;

• Creative Industry;

• New Technologies Construction Engineering;

• Practical Technologists.


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In March 2013, 19,600 scholars were being hosted by 36 countries (5.343 PhD internships, full-time PhDs, postdoctoral, and 14.257 for one year of undergraduate study). In addition, 283 visiting researchers and 117 visiting “young talents” from abroad received a fellowship in Brazilian institutions from the CsF programme.

Science without Borders fellowship implementation (March 2013)

Visit PhD Full PhD Post Doctorate

Total Research

Visit Graduate

Total R+G

Visit Researchers

Young Talents

Austria 21 4 4 29 7 36 2 Belgium 58 14 28 100 68 168 9 1Czech Republic 4 0 0 4 0 4 1 1Denmark 23 2 6 31 8 39 1 Finland 8 0 2 10 33 43 2 1France 373 75 204 652 1.868 2.520 29 13Germany 233 79 140 452 1.161 1.614 18 1Greece 5 0 0 5 0 5 1Hungary 4 0 0 4 0 4 1 1Ireland 13 0 7 20 3 23 Italy 94 14 38 146 469 615 14 6Luxembourg 0 0 1 1 0 1 Netherland 85 26 50 161 398 559 14 3Poland 2 0 0 2 0 2 Portugal 289 103 100 492 2.118 2.610 13 8Slovenia 1 Spain 320 38 150 508 1.658 2.166 21 19Sweden 30 3 15 48 25 73 2 1UK 219 113 202 534 1.148 1.682 23 11EC 1 EU 1.781 471 947 3.199 8.964 12.164 152 67 Israel 2 2 4 4 2 Norway 10 1 1 12 4 17 4 1Switzerland 28 1 18 47 9 56 2 4Turkey 1 1 1 AC 41 2 21 64 13 78 8 5 EU+AC 1.822 473 968 3.263 8.977 12.242 160 72 Canada 206 40 97 343 1.540 1.883 16 6United States 926 79 531 1.536 2.846 4.383 86 24 North America 1.132 119 628 1.879 4.386 6.266 102 30Latin America 4 1 4 9 27 34 5 4Others 102 28 62 192 866 1059 16 11Total 3.060 621 1.662 5.343 14.256 19.601 283 117


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Visit PhD Full PhD Post Doc Total Research

Visit Graduates

Total R+G

Visit Researchers

Young Talents

Austria 0,7% 0,6% 0,2% 0,5% 0,0% 0,2% 0,7% 0,0% Belgium 1,9% 2,3% 1,7% 1,9% 0,5% 0,9% 3,2% 0,9% Czech Republic 0,1% 0,0% 0,0% 0,1% 0,0% 0,0% 0,4% 0,9%

Denmark 0,8% 0,3% 0,4% 0,6% 0,1% 0,2% 0,4% 0,0% Finland 0,3% 0,0% 0,1% 0,2% 0,2% 0,2% 0,7% 0,9% France 12,2% 12,1% 12,3% 12,2% 13,1% 12,9% 10,2% 11,1% Germany 7,6% 12,7% 8,4% 8,5% 8,1% 8,2% 6,4% 0,9% Greece 0,2% 0,0% 0,0% 0,1% 0,0% 0,0% 0,0% 0,9% Hungary 0,1% 0,0% 0,0% 0,1% 0,0% 0,0% 0,4% 0,9% Ireland 0,4% 0,0% 0,4% 0,4% 0,0% 0,1% 0,0% 0,0% Italy 3,1% 2,3% 2,3% 2,7% 3,3% 3,1% 4,9% 5,1% Luxembourg 0,0% 0,0% 0,1% 0,0% 0,0% 0,0% 0,0% 0,0% Netherland 2,8% 4,2% 3,0% 3,0% 2,8% 2,9% 4,9% 2,6% Poland 0,1% 0,0% 0,0% 0,0% 0,0% 0,0% 0,0% 0,0% Portugal 9,4% 16,6% 6,0% 9,2% 14,9% 13,3% 4,6% 6,8% Slovenia 0,4% 0,0% Spain 10,5% 6,1% 9,0% 9,5% 11,6% 11,1% 7,4% 16,2% Sweden 1,0% 0,5% 0,9% 0,9% 0,2% 0,4% 0,7% 0,9% UK 7,2% 18,2% 12,2% 10,0% 8,1% 8,6% 8,1% 9,4% EC 0,4% EU 58,2% 75,8% 57,0% 59,9% 62,9% 62,1% 53,7% 57,3% Israel 0,1% 0,0% 0,1% 0,1% 0,0% 0,0% 0,7% 0,0% Norway 0,3% 0,2% 0,1% 0,2% 0,0% 0,1% 1,4% 0,9% Switzerland 0,9% 0,2% 1,1% 0,9% 0,1% 0,3% 0,7% 3,4% Turkey 0,0% 0,0% 0,0% 0,0% 0,0% 0,0% 0,0% 0,0% AC 1,3% 0,3% 1,3% 1,2% 0,1% 0,4% 2,8% 4,3% EU+AC 59,5% 76,2% 58,2% 61,1% 63,0% 62,5% 56,5% 61,5% Canada 6,7% 6,4% 5,8% 6,4% 10,8% 9,6% 5,7% 5,1% United States 30,3% 12,7% 31,9% 28,7% 20,0% 22,4% 30,4% 20,5% North America 37,0% 19,2% 37,8% 35,2% 30,8% 32,0% 36,0% 25,6%

Latin America 0,1% 0,2% 0,2% 0,2% 0,2% 0,2% 1,8% 3,4%

research and innovation co-operation between the european ... · co-operation between the european...

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