reporters- gonzaga & villavicencio

7/30/2019 Reporters- Gonzaga & Villavicencio

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HISTORY

The search for knowledge and the truth, asearching to find out.

An integrated narrative or description of pastevents or facts written in a spirit of critical inquiry forthe whole truth.

RESEARCH

A systematic, rigorous investigation of a situationor problem in order to generate new knowledge orvalidate existing knowledge.

It is directed toward discovery and thedevelopment of an organized body of knowledge.


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HISTORICAL RESEARCH

A type of research that examines past events orcombinations of events to arrive at an account of whathas happened in the past.

The systematic collection and evaluation of data todescribe, explain, understand event that occurred

sometime in the past.

There is no manipulation or control of variables as inexperimental research.


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PURPOSE OF HISTORICAL

RESEARCH

To make people aware of what has happened in the past in order to:

Learn from past failures and successes

Apply them to present-day problems

Make predictions

Test hypothesis concerning relationship or trends

Understand present educational practices, policies and

culture in which we live.


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SIGNIFICANCE OF HISTORICAL

RESEARCH

A type of research that examines past events or combinations

of events to arrive at an account of what has happened in thepast.

Historical information serves as preliminary to reform.

People become more open to change if they are well informed

about the past, especially about tragic events.

People are motivated to respect the contribution of the peopleof the past to the present state of thing, especially those ofheroes.


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CHARACTERISTICS OF HISTORICAL

RESEARCH

Observation of historical research cannot be repeated in the same

manner as in laboratory experiments and descriptive surveys.

The researcher must find satisfaction in spending vast amounts oftime in the library and in pursuing minute details in relation to thetopic under study.

A historical project is usually conducted by one person.

A hypothesis is not always necessary in historical research; inferencesare made more often from the bits of information gathered to producethe general description of the event or the situation.

The writing style of the written report tends to be more flexible.


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HISTORICAL EVIDENCES

It serve as the foundation of all history papers.

Your first job is to read the source.

How you organize and present your evidence will be

dictated by the nature and internal logic of your thesis

Quotations allow the writer to present the original

language of figures under consideration.

Generally, one should avoid quoting from secondary

sources

All evidence, quoted or paraphrased, must be cited as

another authors work.

The historian is limited by the available evidence.


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HISTORICAL RESEARCH METHODOLOGY

1) Identification of the research and formulation

of the research problem and question.

2) Data collection or Literature review

3) Evaluation of materials

4) Data synthesis

5) Report preparation or preparation of narrativeexposition.


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GUIDELINES TO EFFECTIVE WRITING OF

HISTORICAL RESEARCH

Mastery of materials

Working outline

Progression

Emphasis on major elements

Art of narration

Dramatization, rhetoric and style


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CATEGORIES OF SOURCES

Written sources

1. Official and public documents

2.Books and masters theses and doctoral dissertations

3. Newspapers and periodicals with news items, newsnotices, articles, and advertisements, chronicles, and annals

4. Personal materials5. Hand-written materials

Orally transmitted materials

such as folklore, legends, ballads, myths, sagas, epics, talesanecdotes, and traditions .


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Artistic production

such as historical paintings, portraits, scenic or sculpture,stones, and coins.

Tape recordings

such as radio and television, documents, movies, films,pictorials, slides, microfilm, and transparencies.

Relics and remains

PhysicalHistoric sites, furniture, weapons, human remains,

clothing, food, monuments, fossils. Etc.Non-physical

Language, social institutions products of the mind,business records, literature, manners, customs and

ceremonies.


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Primary sources vs. Secondary Sources

Primary sources / first-hand sources

A direct outcomes of events or the records of eyewitnesses.

Original documents, Relics, Remains, Artifacts,etc.

Secondary sources

Information provided by a person who did not directlyobserve the event, object, or condition.

Textbooks, Encyclopedias, Newspapers,Periodicals, etc.


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TWO KINDS OF CRITICISM

External Criticism

A process of determining the validity, trustworthiness, or

authenticity of the sources.

Internal criticism

A process of determining the reliability or accuracy of theinformation contained in the sources collected.


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..Thank you!..

^_^..To God Be the Glory..^_^

Gonzaga, Marie Joy P.

Villavicencio, Jay-Ar F.

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reporters- gonzaga & villavicencio

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