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Jordan University of Science and Technology Civil Engineering Department Practical Training Report Students Name: Ghazi Saher Kamal ID Number: 20112023002 Instructor Name: DR Saed Abu Qdais Date 2/2/2016 1 | Page

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Page 1: report training

Jordan University of Science and Technology

Civil Engineering Department

Practical Training Report

Students Name: Ghazi Saher Kamal

ID Number: 20112023002

Instructor Name: DR Saed Abu Qdais

Date 2/2/2016

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Table of content

1.0 Acknowledgment………………………………………………….1.1 Declaration……………………………………………1.2 1.3 Training summary …………………………………......1.3 Project description ……………………………………..1.4 Company profile …………………………………………

2.0 Practical training and office Work ……………………………..2.1 Casting 3 water tanks………………………………………………..2.2 casting staircase on the Hilton tower………………............2.3 building masonry walls……………………………………...2.4 gypsum walls and false Slabs……………………………….2.5 surface preparation and plastering, painting ‘’internal

finishing ‘……………………………………………………………2.6 Tiles and Marble and GFRC ‘’external finishing’’……..2.7 water proofing ………………………………………………2.8 Mechanical, electrical and plumbing works……………………….2.9 Quality control………………………………………………

3.0 Impact of engineering and learned skills in training …………………4.0 Conclusions and recommendations……………………………………….

Daily logbook……………………………………………………………….Appendix A: Company evaluations……………………………………....

Appendix B: List of Figures……………………………………………..

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1.0 Acknowledgment

I would like to express My deepest gratitude to Drake and scull and Arabian construction company stuff for giving me the opportunity to train in their project Jabal omar Towers , and giving me everything possible to learn as much as possible during my internship, their supervision and huge efforts has guided me towards fulfilling the requirements of this report while enjoying the ride’

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1.1 Declaration

This report was written by ghazi saher kamal, a civil Engineering student in Jordan university of Science and Technology with Serial number 20112023002 and all the information written below are according to what was seen and learned\noted through 8 weeks internship as Civil Site Engineer Trainee with Drake and Scull Construction Company and Arabian construction company it might contain mistakes and some errors as the views expressed here with all recommendation as well are those of a student.

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1.2 Training summary

Appling theoretical knowledge and reflecting it into Practical Skill is a very important matter for every fresh engineer, as the theoretical knowledge and academic knowledge are important part to have and develop with time but alone they are not enough.

Without practical experience combined with good academic Knowledge and good management skills being a good Engineer is not possible.

My training started in 2\2\2016 and ended in 4/2/2016 ( 8 weeks ) from 8:00 am till 5:00 , six working days in the week.

Each week of those 8 , I was allocated into new department and Engineering Team in the Same Site , starting from structural team to waterproofing , internal finishing , external finishing , ‘ glass fiber reinforced concrete ‘ GFRC , mechanical- Electrical- Plumbing Engineers , quality control , design.

The main idea of these allocations is to understand the responsibility and Duties of each part of the project alone and then connect the dots all together to figure and imagine how all of these teams work together connected with each other to achieve A one given goal, and every Engineer no matter what is he responsible of should understand how the whole team work and should go along.

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1.3 Project description

Project Name: Jabal Omar Development ProjectProject manager: Hill international Location: Makkah, KSAIndustry: Mixed UseDeveloper: Jabal Omar Development CompanyConsultant/Architect: ARCREA Studio/ Wilson AssociatesSupervision consultant; Khatib & Alami Main contractors: Arabian Construction Company & Drake and Scull international “Joint Venture”MEP Subcontractor: Drake and Scull Engineering.

The Jabal Omar Development was set up to invest $3.2bn in projects located at the holy city of Makkah. The company was created to oversee the construction of 40 residential towers to accommodate 160,000 Islamic pilgrims, and a prayer area for 200,000 worshippers. 

More than 600 properties have been seized for the project, which involves constructing two five-star hotels with 935 rooms, and six three-star hotels comprising 1,255 rooms, across an area spanning 244,800 sq. m. Residential buildings reaching 20 stories to accommodate 100,000 people, 520 restaurants and 4,360 commercial and retail units are also being built. 

When finished, the development will have air conditioned plazas for 100,000 worshippers, open courtyards for 120,000 people and a car park that can accommodate 10,000 vehicles.

The third phase of the Jabal Omar scheme will involve the construction of four hotel towers with a total built up area of 400,000 square meters. The towers will also include a 5 star and 3 star hotels.

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DSC and ACC “JV” will carry out the complete construction of the main podiums, car parking levels and commercial space. JV will also install elevators, escalators and fire escape stairs for the podium area.

JV's scope of work also includes the construction of two 5 star and one 3 star hotel towers. Both towers are multi-storied and will be able to accommodate more than 1,000 guests at a time.

The program of this project takes into consideration religious tourism which attracts millions of pilgrims from all over the world, who need to find a quality shelter offering the appropriate Services of 3 to 5-stars hotels. This service is adapted to an extreme density of pilgrims Needing to pray, move, and eat at the same time.

Buildings are composed of two major elements, podiums and towers, both following their Own logic. With up to five levels (over the entrance level), podiums cover the entire plot and “Embrace” the site topography to generate public spaces and private courtyards.

Functionally the building base accommodates public facilities such as retail, mall, service, hotel lobbies And restaurants, as well as private prayer area and underground parking.

The towers in contrast have between 13 and 42 levels (for the Twin towers) and are set back Of the property lines. Their trapezoid footprints are oriented towards the Haram el Sharif to maximize façade exposure. Towers are mainly used as hotels and for permanent as well as temporary residence.

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1.4 Company profile

Drake and Scull International PJSC is a global industry leader delivering state-of-the-art projects and solutions across its six main high-performance sectors including: General Contracting, Engineering, Rail, Oil and Gas, Infrastructure development, Water and Wastewater treatment. Through their operations, providing integrated design, smooth functionality and efficiency from start to finish. From Infrastructure Development, Waste to Energy, Data Centers Development, Mechanical Electrical and Plumbing (MEP) to Renewable Energy, Drake & Scull continues to be at the helm, driving the market forward through people, passion and innovation for more than 130 years.

Drake and scull construction:

Established in 2006, Drake & Scull Construction (DSC) has grown to become an industry leading General Contractor behind many of the region’s most monumental and iconic landmarks. As one of today’s fastest growing construction companies, DSC continues to take on new challenges and expand its impressive portfolio through a firm commitment to excellence and a dedicated and focused work ethic. DSC also has solid LEED project experience along with a highly innovative approach, state-of-the-art equipment, skilled workforce and a commitment to quality. 

With a presence in the UAE, KSA, Algeria and Jordan, Drake & Scull Construction provides unrivaled general contracting solutions for numerous industries across the globe. We deliver our projects on time, within budget and meet challenges with efficiency while providing our clients with professionalism and reliable performance on every level.

2.0 Practical training and office Work

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2.1 Casting 3 water tanks on the 43 floor.

Step one: idea was to cast the Floor of the water tanks along with the Kicker height of the Shear wall of the water tank.

Step two: the Form-work of the floor of the water tank which was mainly using plywood “used mainly to produce fair face surfaces ‘’ lying on H20 wooden girder and jacks to support with a U End to fix the wooden beam on the concept is shown in figure 2.1 and figure 2.2 also with actual site pictures in figure 2.3 and figure 2.4

Figure 2.1

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Figure 2.2

Figure 2.3

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Figure 2.4

Step three: placing the steel ‘’top and bottom’’ at a certain spaces according to the approved plan in the floor and the shear wall very important thing here is that the steel that will be used here must not be rusted one or coated and if so sand blast will be important to remove the first rusty layer from the steel bars.

Figure 2.5

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Step four: Placing the water stop in the kicker as the casting first will be for the floor of the water tank with the shear wall till kicker height and the reason why we use a kicker is because water tank floor and shear wall can’t be casted at the same time , to avoid leakage of water through the joints produced by time difference of casting , a kicker is used which is a water proof plastic blue layer is placed at a certain height in the shear walls of the water tank depending where the casting will stop.

Figure 2.6

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Step Five: casting the floor and the kicker, A concrete ready mix used with 40Mpa Fc’ and the mixer car went through in site testing when arrived like slump and temperature test and all of the Aspects where met, through casting vibrators where used for concrete compaction and it’s very important here to not leave the workers to leave the compactor pipe on one area for more than one Min it should poured and pulled so that segregation or separate of the mix component will never happen.

Step six: after casting the slab and the water it’s very important to start the curing process which will be pouring water and covering the slab with polytheine layer to keep the temperature inside it and maintain no dehydration or evaporation of the water.

Figure 2.7

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Step Seven: this is mainly the last step which is starting form-work for the rest of the shear walls and then casting it, form work here will be using Wellers or steel girders along with Weller joiner, Tie Rods, plywood and h20 wood plus jacks for the verticality and alignment that can be test using بالبل , after casting the shear wall curing will be using curing compound that is like spray and will be sprayed directly on the walls.

Figure 2.8

Figure 2.9

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2.2 casting staircase on the Hilton tower

difference between casting regular slab and stair case slab is that the detailing of the reinforcement in the staircase is a little bit complicated other than that it would be very similar to the water tank slab or the any other slab in case of reinforcement and curing and concrete placing, the steel top and bottom at the landing will be reflected and inverse to go down and up to the stair which is one of the most important thing about the stair case reinforcement it’s called the chair.

Figure 2.10

Figure 2.11

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2.3 building masonry walls:

There are two types of block; sloid and hollow, the first is used more when fixing something on the wall like GFRC or any external finishing will follow or sometimes the first three to four rows of the masonry wall to insure more support.

Step one: marking the layout of the masonry walls floor which is to make sure that the walls will be built exactly where needed and marking will be the surveyor’s job, also it’s also important to use ropes to maintain verticality and alignment.

Step two: starting with the first layer of block wall and that would be called the layout.

Step three: building the rest of the masonry walls but it’s very important here to note that it’s not acceptable to build more than 3 to 4 rows a day cause it will fall down and mortar will not be fixed yet.

Figure 2.12

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Step four: usually after three to four rows usually steel mesh is used but that is according to what the Method statement say and also vertical steel from the slab on the corners is used here and it’s also according to the method statement.

Step five: after certain height written in the MS usually 3 m a tie beam is used , also lintel beam are always used above windows and doors openings not here the lintel might be precasted. And when door opening is more than 2 m usually a steel columns will be used on the sides.

Figure 2.12

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2.4 gypsum walls and false Slabs:

First: Gypsum board walls are used as internal separate when no need to use masonry walls and the walls that are used in this site are three types:

1. Moisture resistant. Used in gypsum walls between bathroom and the room itself

2. Fire resistant: mainly used in gypsum boards separating rooms.

3. Regular when no need to use any of the mentioned above.

Figure 2.13

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Figure 2.14

Second: false ceiling usually used to hide mechanical and electrical wiring and ducts and pips that are fixed on the bottom of the slab and have different type might be gypsum tiles or gypsum boards as well, it should have access doors especially in the location of mechanical volume dumpers and plenum box in the HVAC so that fixing any problems would be easy. A lot of coordination between electrical and mechanical and civil engineers is needed to avoid intersection of pipes and ducts and sometimes it may be needed to lower the level of the false ceiling to make more space for pipes and ducts.

Figure 2.15

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2.5 surface preparation and plastering, painting ‘’internal finishing ‘’:

The type of painting and final touches control the type of plastering needed and surface preparation required.

In Jabal omar 3 types of painting is used:

1. Epoxy painting.

2. Acrylic ‘’oil based’’.

3. Water based solid painting.

The common steps for most of these types are as follows:

1. Surface preparation (chipping and cleaning of the surface).2. Rough plastering “mainly water with cement ‘’. 3. Soft plastering using aluminum strip.4. First layer of stocko.5. Second layer of stocko.6. First layer of paint and the second one.

Note that in epoxy case seller is used after using crack filler ‘’FC”

Figure 2.16

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2.6 Tiles and Marble and GFRC ‘’external finishing’’:

First: ceramic tiles

First step: surface preparation for floor and that might be through various equipment’s and will be mainly chipping and cleaning the surface.

Second step: in this project instead of using sand a screed layer was used and tiles will be placed on it so after chipping and installing grid levels, Nito bond compound is used to insure screed concrete will be fixed and connected with the floor concrete and if the thickness of the screed layer is more than 5 cm ‘’ according to the method statement’’ a steel mesh must be used.

Third step: casting the screed it must be cured, using water and polythen layer if needed to protect from sun and dehydration of water.

Figure 2.16

Forth step: start the tiles layout according to the starting point in the drawing or if not mention after taking the center of the room to insure similar piece size at the corners

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Figure 2.17

Note that sticking the tiles into the floor might be with using mortar or using glue according to the approved method statement and a control joint between big tiles are is a must to use and after inspection spacers between tiles are removed and grout as filler will start.

Figure 2.18

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Second: marble and Glass Fiber Reinforced Concrete ‘’GFRC’’.

In Jabaal omar all marble and GFRC where fixed using mechanical fixation using what is called bucket pins, in this way each GFRC plate and Marble tile is carried alone on this pin as no subsequent or series loading is countered.

Mainly In GRC Plate if a steel frame is used the first plate at the bottom of the tower is placed according to the surveyors line and then the next plate in assigned and placed vertically on the first one and then the steel frame is used and in this way verticality and alignment is maintained and using ropes and lines for these heights would be impossible especially with GFRC.

Figure 2.19

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Figure 2.20

Figure 2.21

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2.7 water proofing

Water proofing has different types and different ways in this project there is 3 main types

1. Water proofing using membrane.

2. Water proofing using PVC layers.

3. Water proofing using Cementous.

First: Water proofing using membrane

1. after surface preparation , using a two layer asphalt membrane that is stickled by heating and melting the membrane and then to make more safety lines another layer in the same direction is used and is starts on the first joint of the first layer ‘’ in this way number of joint will be lowered ‘’

Figure 2.22

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2. Using polythene layer to protect the membrane and follows that a thermal cool layer to protect against heat and finally geotextile layer as protection.

Figure 2.23

Figure 2.24

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Second: Water proofing using PVC layers.

This is mainly used in large water tanks inside it, the water tank in Jabaal omar project was 6 m height and they use PVC type of waterproof:

Steps for PVC water proof

1. Surface preparation.

2. Crack filling using FC compound.

3. Using aluminum strips on walls and places of PVC joints

4. Gluing PVC layers to the walls and floors.

5. Water leakage test.

Figure 2.25

Third water proofing using Cementous: very similar to painting epoxy floors.

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2.8 Mechanical, electrical and plumbing works:

As a civil engineer and as a main contractor, it’s a must to be aware of all activities that are happing in the site even though its sometimes out of civil scope but everything is related and together as mentioned before it connects towards the final building.

Electrical works:

Ways of transferring and moving cables above false ceiling:

1. Using cable ladder mainly for vertical rise and bus bar cables.

2. Using cable trunk and Tray for more surrounding protection.

If below false ceiling cables, EMD cables are used otherwise galvanized iron pipe for exposed.

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Ring main Unit Switch gears

Transformer

Transformer

Transformer

Main distributing Board

Submain Distributing

board

Distributing board

Low current Low voltage

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Figure 2.26

Mechanical and plumbing work:

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Mechanical Work

Fire fighting Plumbing HVAC

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For HVAC and AIR conditioning the process as follows:

The Room where heat exchanger and pumps are called ETS room; Energy transfer rooms.

Figure 2.27

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Heat Exchanger \Chillers

Pumps Fan coil Unit “FCU”

Plenum box Outlet of diffuser

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Figure 2.28

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2.9 Quality control

To maintain the quality of every process and to explain in details how the main contractor is going to do each stage and how quality will be maintained QC department plays a big important roles

Each construction manager should propose a method statement explaining each step in the process he want to make like waterproofing; how to fix membrane and how and where to put polythne .,,,,, etc ) and work will process in the site according to this statement .

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Project Quality Plan PQP

Project quality procedures

Inspection and test Plans “”ITPS””

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ITPS: explain what inspection will be made and where for example inspection for staircase steel right before casting.

If some of the ITPs are not clear and QCP ‘’ quality control Plans ‘’

For inspection to be done, consultant need a checklist submit form QC officer after taking site Engineer signals that work need inspection and then Inspection request will be created consultant may response to the work with different codes each code has a meaning according to what was agreed In the PQP, all this communication and process has certain ways and timings and it should be kept and maintained.

If some of the work done by the contractor was against aspect or codes the consultant will propose a NCR “Non Conformity report ‘’

If some of the work in actual site differs from the plans, request for information (RFI) will be submitted

Any material enters the site should be checked in terms of quality and Material inspection request will be done (MIR)

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