report on enhancing multimedia applications with olfaction

b

2014Level 7

Final

Submission

Date

1

A & B

Module

COMM50

PG Study & Research

Methods

Assignment

Task

Department of Computing

Postgraduate Programme

09/03/2014

TASK A

THE SWEET SMELL OF SUCCESS: ENHANCING MULTIMEDIA APPLICATIONS WITH OLFACTION

TASK B

SUBJECTIVE EVALUATION OF OLFACTORY AND VISUAL MEDIA

09/03/2014

TABLE OF CONTENTSTASK A

1 INTRODUCTION:....................................................................................................................................3

2 STRENGTH OF USING OLFACTORY:........................................................................................................3

2a) ENGAGING USERS AND OLFOTO:..........................................................................................................4

3 WEAKNESS OF USING OLFACTORY:.......................................................................................................4

4 APPROPRIATENESS OF METHODOLOGY VALIDITY:................................................................................5

5 USER & TECHNICAL PERSPECTIVES:.......................................................................................................5

6 RELIABILITY:...........................................................................................................................................6

7 REFERENCES:.........................................................................................................................................6

8 WEB REFERENCES..................................................................................................................................6

TASK B9 INTRODUCTION:..................................................................................................................................10

10 RELATIVE EVALUATION OF OLFACTORY AND ENHANCEMENT OF MULTIMEDIA (COMPARING AND CONTRASTING):...................................................................................................................................10

11 MEDIA APPLICATION WITH OLFACTION AND ITS OLFACTORY SYNCHORNIZATION:...........................11

12 SIGNIFICANT CONTRIBUTION TOWARDS SYNCHRONIZED MEDIA AND OLFACTION:..........................13

13 FUTURE WORK INDICATION:...............................................................................................................14

14 OUTLINE OF METHODS........................................................................................................................14

15 REFERENCES:.......................................................................................................................................14

16 WEB REFERENCE(S):............................................................................................................................14

05/03/2014SUBJECTIVE EVALUATION OF OLFACTORY AND VISUAL MEDIA SYNCHRONIZATION

1 INTRODUCTION:

According to GEORGHITA GHINEA and OLUWAKEMI ADEMOYE, Brunel University, UK, Olfaction, or smell has been the most recent challenges for multimedia applications had to rule over.

“Olfactory data may be used to enhance

the meaning and provide clarity of user presented information and increase the sense of reality and enjoyment in multimedia applications where most of the existing work is done by using olfactory data integrated with other media objects have mostly been done in the virtual reality field” of references by [Boyd et al.2006; Dinh et al. 1999; Drolet et al. 2009; Jones et al. 2004; Kaye 2001; Nakamoto et al. 2008; Richard et al. 2006;


TASK A

Tijou et al. 2006; Washburn and Jones 2004; Zybura and Eskeland 1999] and only a single case informed by [Washburn and Jones 2004] shows enormously noteworthy that olfactory data could of such systems which might impact on the feel of realism of a presentation relatively and substantially.

Fig.01 An Example, Showing An Olfactory of Access Mode Value multimedia program

2 STRENGTH OF USING OLFACTORY:

The related work, olfactory data gains the grounds in regards to source to output structure and where an inquiry is purely depending on the shoulders of manhood to be recognized and characteristics smells to add up other informational requirements, such as show business or infotainment fragranced results into figuring technology, its specific presentations of multimedia. This research widely focused on using olfactory data and computer established smell and as in contrary which is redundant, a link of output via which conclusions might be drawn in multimodal displays of information. This research method contributed drastic foundation for resolving any future work relating to olfactory in multimedia and computer.


2a) ENGAGING USERS AND OLFOTO:

One research by Bodnar et al. [2004] produced a structure with the help involving olfactory data where the experiment had to be examined the consequences of usage of graphical acoustic/olfactory displays in delivering certain announcements which had been on a operator’s appointment in a cognitive chore. Another research effort which extensively focused at the implication of consuming workstation spawned odor which is the labor who have been supported by Kaye [2001, 2004], moreover his exploration claimed a vital role in a crafting responsiveness regarding certain matters, glitches and boundaries through the assistance olfactory data. It also functioned as decent key points for certain progression and its applicability in business above a year.

3 WEAKNESS OF USING OLFACTORY:

The major weakness with their experiment have been the usage of olfactory notifications, which were very low in effective delivery of desired announcements to end users and since that smells which were used in Kay’s research although it was comparable and different. The enduring odors which had been generated, thin air made it quite problematic in aware of occurrence for fresh air, on top of that their lack of experience in operating olfactory data what has to impact directly on their enactment of allocated task. Another

reported incident of using olfactory data in one research conducted by [Kaye 2001, Washburn and Jones 2004], takes an another by “Research in Augmented and Virtual Environment Systems (RAVES) University of Florida” while usage of olfaction enriched interactive program particularly in a simulated authenticity which is basically a fire combatant virtual reality exercise by Cater’s squad observed which adds the well-meaning contribution in their research, when one needs to be enormously cautious with the intensity of smells such as waste odors(litter, human and animal vomit) and non-food (disposed plastics and pharmaceuticals emitted from chemist stores) as relevant graphical examples are as under(see references below):


The Above example shows certain allergic reactions and bodily sickness and they had no control over these hazards in their experiment whereas using olfactory data and after relevant researches by [Nakamoto and Yoshikawa 2006], olfactory data possess variety of technical difficulties in achieving high quality olfactory enhanced multimedia displays.

4 APPROPRIATENESS OF METHODOLOGY VALIDITY:

According to G. Ghinea and O. Ademoye, researched in Gulliver and Ghinea [2006] they discovered three variables where olfaction enhancement displays could be

understood, the graphical view is as under:

Another study has been done by Brewster et al. [2006], who observed that information of olfactory for a program material exploring, cruising recovery leaded to a hunt of digital photo assortments. He sophisticatedly compared outcomes in context of treatment; labeling then aroma grounded labeling of digital photos by operators from digital library called “Olfoto”.

5 USER & TECHNICAL PERSPECTIVES:

The multimedia quality concerned issues in relation with how those combined media objects would be coded for transportation of information while capably and proficiently considering user’s and


technical substantial perceiving values intact with media objects referenced by [Ghinea and Thomas 1998; Serif et al. 2004; Jumisko-Pyykkὅ et al. 2006, 2007; Kato and Hakozaki 2006]. It also helped their research in achieving certain drastic points in completion of their experiment and its validity including their focused experiment questionnaire which are as under:

Aroma Detection Acceptance of Aroma Volume of Aroma Appropriate Alertness Incitement on temperament

Fundamentally method of examination was having “Dale Air’s Vortex Active Scent dispensing system”, where 36 contributors total took part in above valued research breaking down into sixteen masculine and twenty feminine at their years eighteen and forty.

6 RELIABILITY:

[Ghinea and Thomas 1998, jumisko-Pyykkὅ et al. 2007] used a repeated procedures of “ANOVA” assessment compatible for examining statistics from within subjects. Almost 6 video category were to be exposed to participants so therefore G. Ghinea and O.Ademoye applied one sample t-test to inspect got their level of implication was p < 0.05 adopted. Moreover, usage of olfaction multimedia which displays a clear cut increased sense of reality and appropriate relevance and also results are shows where users are tolerant of the interference,

distortion effects when it is caused olfactory effect in world of multimedia.

7 REFERENCES:

[Boyd et al.2006; Dinh et al. 1999; Drolet et al. 2009; Jones et al. 2004; Kaye 2001; Nakamoto et al. 2008; Richard et al. 2006; Tijou et al. 2006; Washburn and Jones 2004; Zybura and Eskeland 1999], [Washburn and Jones 2004]

Kaye[2001, 2004] Bodnar et al. [2004] GEORGHITA GHINEA and

OLUWAKEMI ADEMOYE, Brunel University

Gulliver and Ghinea [2006] Brewster et al. [2006] [Ghinea and Thomas 1998; Serif et al.

2004; Jumisko-Pyykkὅ et al. 2006, 2007; Kato and Hakozaki 2006]

[Nakamoto and Yoshikawa 2006]

8 WEB REFERENCES

http://www.imsglobal.org/ accessibility/afav3p0pd/AfA3p0_BestPractice_v1p0pd.htm

http://www.google.co.uk/imgres? biw=1366&bih=667&tbm=isch&tbnid=EJdzsJP-YKKReM%3A&imgrefurl=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.google.com%2Fpatents%2FUS5724256&docid=UoejqHJN5B9mfM&imgurl=https%3A%2F


http://www.google.co.uk/imgres?biw=1366&bih=667&tbm=isch&tbnid=EJdzsJP-YKKReM%3A&imgrefurl=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.google.com%2Fpatents%2FUS5724256&docid=UoejqHJN5B9mfM&imgurl=https%3A%2F%2Fpatentimages.storage.googleapis.com%2Fpages%2FUS5724256-1.png&w=2320&h=3408&ei=974NU_6ZFaev7QbM94DABg&zoom=1&ved=0CFsQhBwwAg&iact=rc&dur=1836&page=1&start=0&ndsp=24


%2Fpatentimages.storage.googleapis.com%2Fpages%2FUS5724256-1.png&w=2320&h=3408&ei=974NU_6ZFaev7QbM94DABg&zoom=1&ved=0CFsQhBwwAg&iact=rc&dur=1836&page=1&start=0&ndsp=24 (Information accessed on feb 26, 2014)

http://www.google.co.uk/imgres? sa=X&biw=1366&bih=667&tbm=isch&tbnid=h9wAjcbWKQtpjM%3A&imgrefurl=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.biochemj.org%2Fbj%2F340%2F0837%2Fbj3400837.htm&docid=XeaQ5GSKTKLkKM&imgurl=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.biochemj.org%2Fbj%2F340%2F0837%2Fbj3400837f04.gif&w=501&h=710&ei=xr4NU4_LH6OK7Aauq4CwCQ&zoom=1&ved=0C

HsQhBwwDA&iact=rc&dur=701&page=1&start=0&ndsp=22 (Information accessed on feb 26, 2014)

http://www.google.co.uk/imgres? sa=X&biw=1366&bih=667&tbm=isch&tbnid=B2HOoygtvgRe6M%3A&imgrefurl=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.google.com%2Fpatents%2FUS5515490&docid=rtFS peEJnU6BMM&imgurl=https%3A%2F %2Fpatentimages.storage.goo gleapis.com

%2Fpages%2FUS5515490-3.png&w=2320&h=3408&ei=xr4NU4_LH6OK7Aauq4CwCQ&zoom=1&ved=0COoBEIQcMC4&iact=rc&dur=836&page=2&start=22&ndsp=26

(Information accessed on feb 26, 2014)

http://www.daleair.com/vortex-activ (Information accessed on feb 26, 2014)


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http://www.daleair.com/vortex-activ

http://www.google.co.uk/imgres?sa=X&biw=1366&bih=667&tbm=isch&tbnid=B2HOoygtvgRe6M%3A&imgrefurl=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.google.com%2Fpatents%2FUS5515490&docid=rtFSpeEJnU6BMM&imgurl=https%3A%2F%2Fpatentimages.storage.googleapis.com%2Fpages%2FUS5515490-3.png&w=2320&h=3408&ei=xr4NU4_LH6OK7Aauq4CwCQ&zoom=1&ved=0COoBEIQcMC4&iact=rc&dur=836&page=2&start=22&ndsp=26




http://www.google.co.uk/imgres?sa=X&biw=1366&bih=667&tbm=isch&tbnid=h9wAjcbWKQtpjM%3A&imgrefurl=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.biochemj.org%2Fbj%2F340%2F0837%2Fbj3400837.htm&docid=XeaQ5GSKTKLkKM&imgurl=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.biochemj.org%2Fbj%2F340%2F0837%2Fbj3400837f04.gif&w=501&h=710&ei=xr4NU4_LH6OK7Aauq4CwCQ&zoom=1&ved=0CHsQhBwwDA&iact=rc&dur=701&page=1&start=0&ndsp=22





[SUBJECTIVE EVALUATION OF OLFACTORY AND VISUAL MEDIA SYNCHRONIZATION] March 5, 2014

TASK B


9 INTRODUCTION:

In understanding user’s experience in perceived multimedia quality levels beyond the stage offered by classic audio visual systems whereas according to researchers, Niall Murray, Yuansong Qiao, Brian Lee1, Karunakar A. K., Gabriel-Miro Muntean (Software Research Institute, Athlone Institute of Technology), Ireland, (Manipal Institute of Technology, Manipal University), India, (School of Electronic Engineering, Dublin City University), Ireland respectively agrees on the results obtained having experiment in regards to user’s perception of inter-stream synchronization between data of olfactory(scent) and video (without relevant audio). The impact on user’s quality of experience while having consideration enjoying relevance and realism in contrasting synchronous with asynchronous presentation of the olfactory data and video media is than analyzed. In above most recent research they found out the temporal boundaries within which user’s perspective olfactory data and video to be synchronized. Nowadays the research members are extending their experiment list with so called jargons such as e-touch, e-taste, e- smell and the result is emergence of multisensory message and its experience. The rationality of enhancing multimedia applications to stimulate further audio visual senses is to be increased by the user’s quality of experience (QOE). Olfaction is basically the sense of smell where different scents have been used upon users in multimedia, in particular with movies as it was focused on the user which is generally referred to as Universal Multimedia Experience(UME). There are different factors when humans perceive smell differently based on their age, sex, mood and life experiences. Synchronization in multimedia systems

Was required and they thought when transmitting the above declared media streams for example

Audio Video Haptic Olfactory

10 RELATIVE EVALUATION OF OLFACTORY AND ENHANCEMENT OF MULTIMEDIA (COMPARING AND CONTRASTING):

An essential requirement of multimedia systems includes different enhanced olfactory data where it could be synchronized display of multiple media. The research on media applications while synchronization of multisensory media applications have been an effective research area. Representation for olfactory data between several sensory effects as a portion of its Sensory Effects Description Language (SEDL) among the Sensory restrictions. . A low effort hs been made in documenting on user’s perceived inter-tributary synchronization of olfactory data with supplementary media where audiovisual olfactory, haptic and olfactory itself being the exceptions, Whereas the existing research has already been covered by having olfactory data integrated with types of media objects in the virtual reality field [Bod et al. 2006; Dinh et al. 1999; Drolet et al. 2009; Jones et al. 2004; Kaye 2001; Nakamoto et al; 2008; Richard et al.


2006; Tikou et al. 2006; Washburn and Jones 2004; Zybura and Eskeland 1999 where the picked up single case reported by [Washburn and Jones 2004] shows drastic results in regards adding olfactory data to such systems hammered on the sense of realism of different applications quite considerably. In subjective evaluation of olfaction works were attempted to address the problems of scent lingering approach from the emitter of scent viewpoint. According to G. Ghinea and O. Ademoye They realized smell output to convey information in such a way that related information of application must have been conveyed and they called it “Olfactory icons” and odor dispersion provided an abstract bonding with data it expresses where they call it “Smicons”.

11 MEDIA APPLICATION WITH OLFACTION AND ITS OLFACTORY SYNCHORNIZATION:

The research, where most of the assignments had been covering and according In Gulliver and Ghinea [2006], Ghinea, G and Odemoye, O [2012], Ghinea and Thomas [1998], Cater and his team [Dinh et al. 1999; Kaye 2001; washburn and Jones 2004] they used the olfactory device called Dale Air’s Vortex Active scent dispensing system for odor Whereas both of the research initiated on same platform by developing questionnaire and sample data . Six multimedia excerpts were of dimension 240 x 180 pixels were to be seen by participants with a sample of 36 where 16 of them were male and 20 was females of ages between 18 and 40. Some evidences with their statistical results are as under in Fig 01, 02, 03 and 04:

Fig 01


Fig 02

Fig 03

Fig 04

Where in contrast, the later case the evaluation of olfactory and visual media synchronization making contestants to see six videos of 90s duration (audio was removed). Every footage had been divided in three 30 seconds blocks whereby the 30s block was containing content interrelated with scent being offered however their research sample was consisted on 43 assessors were gathered (20 female and 23 male) with people of multiple nationalities between ages of 19 to 56 having primary data collecting which was a questionnaire where rating scale was same as compared to recent research by GEORGHITA GHINEA AND OLUWAKEMI ADEMOYE by Brunal University U.K, some related results and Figures are as followed:

Fig 05


Fig 06

Fig 07

Fig 08

Fig 09


12 SIGNIFICANT CONTRIBUTION TOWARDS SYNCHRONIZED MEDIA AND OLFACTION:

According to Niall Murray, Yuansong Qiao, Brian Lee1, Karunakar A. K., Gabriel-Miro Muntean (Software Research Institute, Athlone Institute of Technology), Ireland, (Manipal Institute of Technology, Manipal University), India, (School of Electronic Engineering, Dublin City University), Ireland respectively has made outstanding efforts in the field of olfaction its subjective evaluation and visual media synching, the way he conducted research on above area of technology, people’s assessor’s skewness, their sense of reality, sense of relevance and sense of enjoyment while widening his span of research with gathering multicultural background people where its sample size was also high as compared to earlier research done by G.Ghinea and O, Ademoye and etc. For reference see figures from 06 to 09 compatibly.

13 FUTURE WORK INDICATION:

1. Olfactory could also be built in medical apparatus so those machines would be able to understand the human’s sensory system

more accurately2. Olfactory data applicability will make the

life smooth especially for doctors, construction engineers and dogs where

they are exposed to different odors to identify certain problem.

3. This research would be helping in understanding human’s sinus enhancement and brain co-ordination in identifying odors and where normally it doesn’t happened.

14 OUTLINE OF METHODS

A portable device which could measure and differentiate odors to gain consciousness.

An un-disposable microchip could be installed in human’s sensory system to boost up their odor detection skills.

15 REFERENCES:

Niall Murray, Yuansong Qiao, Brian Lee1, Karunakar A. K., Gabriel-Miro Muntean (Software Research Institute, Athlone Institute of Technology), Ireland, (Manipal Institute of Technology, Manipal University), India, (School of Electronic Engineering, Dublin City University),

Ireland [Bod et al. 2006; Dinh et al. 1999; Drolet

et al. 2009; Jones et al. 2004; Kaye 2001; Nakamoto et al; 2008; Richard et al. 2006;

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Tikou et al. 2006; Washburn and Jones 2004; Zybura and Eskeland 1999, [Washburn and Jones 2004]

Gulliver and Ghinea [2006], Ghinea, G and Odemoye, O [2012], Ghinea and Thomas [1998], [Dinh et al. 1999]

16 WEB REFERENCE(S):

http://ieeexplore.ieee.org/xpl/login.jsp? tp=&arnumber=1667645&url=http%3A%2F%2Fieeexplore.ieee.org%2Fxpls%2Fabs_all.jsp%3Farnumber%3D1667645 ( Accessed on Feb 25, 2014 )

report on enhancing multimedia applications with olfaction

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