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HYDRAULICS BRANCH OFFICIAL FILE COPY -l

UNITED STATES DEPARTMENT OF THE INTERIOR BUftfO "tjfn1°'ft'Liw(1llffbtf.t.luru··.r.1.,:('

REPORT OF ATTENDANCE AT

NINTH CONVENTION - I AHR, YUGOSLAVIA (INTERNATIONAL ASSOCIATION FOR HYDRAULIC RESEARCH) DUBROVNIK

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SEPTEMBER 1961

OFFICE OF THE ASSISTANT COMMISSIONER AND CHIEF ENGINEER

DENYER, COLORADO

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UNITED ST ATES DEPARTMENT OF THE INTERIOR

BUREAU OF RECLAMATION

REPORT ON

ATTENDANCE AT THE NINTH CONVENTION OF THE INTERNATIONAL ASSOCIATION FOR HYDRAULIC RESEARCH

DUBROVNIK, YUGOSLAVIA,

VISIT TO HYDRAULIC LABORATORIES AND INSTITUTES AT MOSCOW, SOCHI, AND LENINGRAD, U.S. S. R.,

and

VISIT TO HYDRAULIC LABORATORIES NEAR PARIS, FRANCE AND LONDON, ENGLAND

September 3 - September 29, 1961

by Harold M. Martin, Chief, Hydraulic Laboratory Branch Division of Engineering Laboratories

Office of Assistant Commissioner and Chief Engineer Denver, Colorado

October, 1961

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CONTENTS

Ninth Convention, International Association for Hydraulic Research.... . . . . . . . . . . . . • • • . . . . • • . . . . 1

Convention Participants and Miscellaneous Contacts ...................................... .

Business Meeting ...........................••.... Tour B .. o •••• o • • • • •••• o • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • ••••••••

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Split Hydroelectric Powerplant . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4 Peruca Dam and Powerplant . • . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . • . 5 Shipbuilding Research Institute, Zagreb . . . . . • . . . . 7 University of Ljubljana, Hydraulic

Laboratory .............................•. , . . 7

Discussion of Proposed Foreign Currency Research Proposal . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . • . . . • . . 10

Exchange Visit to Hydraulic Laboratories and Institute·s in U. S. S. R. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 12

Introduction and Background . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 12 Itinerary and Reception at Moscow .. , •..• , , . . . . . . . . . 12 Hydroproject Research Institute . • • . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 15 School No. 3 5 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 22 Moscow Institute of Civil Engineering...... . . . . . . . . . 23 Travel to Sochi. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 25 Sochi Science Research Station. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 26 VNIIG - Leningrad.... . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 29 Institute of Waterway Transportation.... . . . . . . . . . . . . 35 All-Union Hydraulical Institute..................... 39

Visit to Hydraulic Laboratories in Vicinity of Paris, France, and London, England . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 43

Central Hydraulic Laboratory, Maisons, Alfort.. . • . . 43 National Hydraulic Laboratory, Chatou ............. , 45 Hydraulic Research Station, Wallingford, England . . . 50 Hawksley Hydraulic Laboratory, Imperial College,

London...... . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . • . . 56

General Observations and Activities .................. . 57

IAHR Convention.. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 57 VisittoU,S.S.R ................................• 57 French and English Laboratory Visits • . . . . . . . . . . . . . 58

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CONTENTS- -Continued

Appendices

1. Itinerary ....... o •••••••••••••••••••••••••••• o ••

2. Bureau of Reclamation Participation in Proceedings of IAHR Conventions 1948-1961. ..............•••.

3. Membership in International Association for Hydraulic Research and Countries Represented •...

4. Program of Ninth Convention, IAHR, ...........••. 5. Summary of Papers Presented to the Ninth Conven­

tion, IAHR, Dubrovnik, Yugoslavia, Septem-ber, 1961 ................................•..••

6. List of Papers Presented at Ninth Convention,

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66 67

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IAHR . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . • . • 75 7. List of Publications Acquired on Tour of Hydraulic

Laboratories................................... 100

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MILES 100 200 300 400 eoo

200 400 600 800 KILOMETERS

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NINTH CONVENTION OF THE INTERNATIONAL ASSOCIATION FOR HYDRAULIC RESEARCH, SEPTEMBER 3-10, 1961

DUBROVNIK, YUGOSLAVIA

The International Association for Hydraulic Research (!AHR) was established in Brussels in 193 5 and held its first meeting in Berlin in 1937. The second meeting, planned to be held in Lie'ge in October 1939, was suspended because of the war and was ultimately held in Stockholm in June 1948. The Bureau of Reclamation has prepared 15 papers for and participated in 7 of the 9 IAHR conven­tions held so far (see table in Appendix 2). Membership in the Association by countries is shown in Appendix 3.

The ninth convention was at first planned to be held in Belgrade, but after the announcement of the Summit Meeting of the Non­Aligned Nations in Belgrade, arrangements were made for the IAHR convention to be held in Dubrovnik, a picturesque and his­toric walled city on the Adriatic coast, directly connected by airlines with Rome, Vienna, and several Yugoslav cities. The schedule of meetings remained unaltered.

Technical sessions were held in the Union Center. The general lectures, the papers on the four main subjects, and the business meetings were held in the main hall. The seminars and symposium were held in an adjoining building. Principal topics of the con­vention were:

1. Effect of turbulence on hydraulic structures (27 papers). 2. Mechanics of groundwater flow (36 papers). 3. Hydraulic problems for computers (42 papers). 4. Modifications of natural streams by engineering

structures (27 papers).

These papers will be published in the proceedings of the convention and a summary of the number of papers prepared under each of the four ,themes is attached (by country) as Appendix 5. A list of these papers is included as Appendix 6. Seminar "a" on Hydraulics of Small Structures in Irrigation and Drainage and Seminar 'b" on Fundamental Hydrodynamics of Free Surface Flow and of Unsteady Flow were held on the first and second days simultaneously, with the technical sessions on the main topics. S~minar papers will not be published, but a list of them is in Appendix 6. In addition, on the third and fourth days of the convention, a symposium on hydraulic machinery was conducted informally, no papers having been previously prepared.

I presented the Bureau paper, "Experience in Turbulence in Hydraulic Structures, ·u prepared by William E. Wagner ana

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myself the afternoon of the first day of the convention. The paper stimulated discussion from the floor and will attract written com­ment in the proceedings of the convention to be printed by the local organizing committee in Belgrade.

I also presented the Bureau paper, ''Us€ of an Electronic Computer to Analyze Data from Studies of Critical Tractive Forces for Cohesive Soils, 11 prepared by C. W. Thomas and P. F. Enger. The paper was well received and demonstrated a differ­ent application of modern computer techniques than the majority of papers presented at this session.

An interesting innovation in the IAHR convention programs this year was the presentation of a series of general lectures, one each at midday during the first three days of the convention. The first was on the lifelong studies of "Hydraulic Problems of the River Karst, II presented by Professor Bogie Knezevic, of the faculty of Civil Engineering at the University of Belgrade. The paper described unusual groundwater problems and the methods of determination of discharge quantities by dilution techniques. The second lecture was given by Dr. H. Schlichting, Director of the Institute for Fluid Mechanics, University of Engineering, Braunschweig, German1, on the subject: "Three-dimensional Boundary Layer Flow. ' The third was given by Dr. Hunter Rouse, Director of the Iowa Institute of Hydraulic Research on the subject: "Energy Transformation in the Zones of Separation. "

Convention Participants and Miscellaneous Contacts

The following table shows the number of engineers who registered at the convention by country:

Argentina 1 Ghana 1 Poland 5 Austria 5 Great Britain 10 Portugal 0 Belgium 2 Greece 3 Rumania 0 Bulgaria 1 Hungary 4 South Africa 1 Canada 2 India 1 Sweden 7 Czechoslovakia 7 Israel 4 Switzerland 3 Chile 1 Italy 9 Turkey 7 Denmark 3 Japan 5 U.S.A. 21 Finland 1 Mexico 4 Uruguay 1 France 45 Netherlands 12 U.S. S. R. 7 Germany 14 Norway 2 Yugoslavia 70

Total 259

The local committee did not publish a registration list for distri­bution. However, since I was to visit laboratories in the U.S. S. R.

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following the convention I made notes on the representatives from that country as follows:

Dr. M. A. Dementiev':'

Mr. M. M. Didkovski Mrs. N. V. Halturina

All-Union Research Institute for Hydraulic Structures, Leningrad

Kiev Research Section, Hydro-Project

Institute, Mos cow Mr. L. F. Mosnin Moscow Prof. B. B. Proskuriakov':' Director, All- Union Research

Institute for Hydraulic Structures,

Mr. 0. F. Vasiljev

Mr. A. I. Kuznevoc

Leningrad Siberian Institute of Hydrodynamics,

Novosibirsk

Dr. Dementiev and Mrs. Halturina speak English well. Although Mr. Mosnin speaks English with difficulty, we were able to get well enough acquainted to explain the geography of our countries to each other. Mr. Vasiljev, age about 30, briefly described his new hydrodynamics laboratory at Novosibirsk, which is about 1, 990 miles east of. Moscow. The laboratory will be dedicated next year and he indicated that it'will be equipped with the most modern instrumentation. I learned later that he was a star stu­dent at the Leningrad Institute of Civil Engineering.

Business Meeting

Dr. John S. McNown reported on the activities of the Committee on Fundamentals in Hydraulic Research, and indicated that Seminar "b" was in the activities of this committee. A half dozen subjects were chosen by the seminar for the Council to consider for future meetings.

Dr. James Daily reported on the activities of the Committee on Hydraulic Machinery which held a symposium at Nice, France, in 1960. He also mentioned an informal discussion held by the Committee at the Dubrovnik Convention. The Committee plans a 4-day meeting in Professor Numachi' s laboratory of high-speed mechanics at Tohoku University, Sendai, Japan, in September 1962.

Mr. H. J. Schoemaker reported that the Committee on Coastal Hydraulics is just getting started.

,:,Representing the Committee for the U.S. S. R. Participation in International Power Conferences, 11 Gorky Street, Moscow.

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It was announced that the annual dues for individual memberships would cohtinue at $5 per year. Income in 1960 was $4,000 from individual memberships ana $4, 300 from corporate memberships. The Association was incorporated in the Netherlands this year.

The Bulletin of Hydraulic Research will be published biennially beginning in 1962, alternating with Newsletters. Proceedings will be distributed according to the interest of the individual members. Principal costs of biennial meetings are covered by the country in which the meeting is held. The Council accepted the invitation to hold the Tenth Convention in London in 1963 and tentatively chose the following principal topics for papers:

1. Recent research in coastal hydraulics 2. Correlation of flood prediction and dam design 3. Research on hydroelastic vibrations 4. Modern developments in hydraulic machinery and equipment

The following officers were elected for the ensuing 2-year period:

President - Arthur T. Ippen First Vice-President - D. V. Joglekar, India Sec ond Vice-President - F. H. Allen, Great Britain Third Vice-President - L. Escande, France Secretary - H. J. Schoemaker, Netherlands

The council consists of the following:

Tour B

R. Boucher, Canada J. P. Duport, France P. Canisius, Germany B. V. Proskuriakov, U.S. S. R. A. Sclag, Belgium M. Hom-ma, Japan 0. J. Maggiolo Campus, Uruguay

The convention terminated with two concurrent tours. The principal technical features of Tour B, in which I participated, were the Split Underground Powerplant now under construction, the Shipbuilding Research Institute at Zagreb, and the Hydraulics Laboratory at the University of Ljubljana.

Visit to the Split Hydroelectric Powerplant- -September 8

The Yugoslav Government is developing hydropower on the Cetina River, which has a power potential of 2, 500 million kwh per year.

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It is estimated that this will be augmented by 1, 500 million kwh by water in the adjacent high plains which reaches the Cetina through underground channels. The Cetina flows are high in the winter and low in the summer, thus the power developed on the Cetina will complement the mid-European hydropower system where flows are of an inverse nature. The greatest part of the power of the Cetina will be developed at the Split Powerplant of 424 MW capacity. Its production is anticipated to be about 2, 000 million kwh per year.

Water for the Split Powerplant is diverted from the Cetina at a dam 35 meters high, and is carried through two tunnels 6. 1 meters in diameter and 9, 800 meters in length to surge tanks of a special type where each tunnel branches into two penstocks, steel lined and 3. 5 meters in diameter. The penstocks enter the underground powerplant through a valve chamber (butterfly valves are used). The main hall for generating units is 102 meters long, 18. 5 met­ers wide, and 37 meters high. Each unit is rated at 106, 300 kw. It was noted that the turbines and generators were being furnished by Yugoslav firms in Ljubljana. All four turbine draft tubes con­nect to one tailrace tunnel 287 meters long, 9 meters wide, and 11 meters high, providing free flow conditions. An open revetted canal 7, 000 meters long carries the discharge to the Cetina which leads to the Adriatic Sea.

The switch station will be of the outdoor type and will be the dis­tribution point of the high tension system. Gross head of the plant is 269 meters, and maximum discharge is 200 cubic meters per second.

Engineers in charge of construction of the plant, started in 1960, explained that the apparent poor quality of concrete and form work was due to the pressure upon the general contractor by various equipment contractors for early occupancy of the space in the underground hall.

Visit to Peruca Dam and Powerplant- -September 9

Peruca Dam is located in the upper part of the Cetina River. Its primary purpose is to provide a remote control of the discharge to the Split Hydropower Plant. The powerplant of 40 MW rating is of secondary importance. It was explained that 4,740 acres of land have been flooded and lost to agriculture but this loss is com­pensated for several times over by reclamation and irrigation of 24, 700 acres of land in the Cetina Valley.

The dam, 213 feet high, is a rockfill type with a thin central clay core. Total volume of the dam is 1, 048, 000 cubic yards.

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Figure 2. Tailrace canal to Split Underground Powerplant, Cetina River Project, Yugoslavia. Canal is lined with precast hexagonal articulated concrete slabs- -nominal dimension about 3 feet; Tour B, IAHR Convention, 9- 8- 61.

Figure 3. Powerplant at Peruca Dam, Cetina River Project, Yugoslavia; Tour B, IAHR Con­vention, 9-9-61.

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The Cetina River flows through a region characterized by water­tightne ss problems upon construction of storage dams. Accord­ingly, 460, 000 feet of borings with sampling, permeability meas­urem ents, and systematic recordings of groundwater levels were made. An extensive exploration of underground water courses was carried out with dyes.

Extensive grouting has been carried out, mostly with thixotropic grout composed of about 30 percent cement and nearly 70 percent clay with a small amount of bentonite.

Unusual features of Peruca Dam include the spillway leaf gate hinged at the crest, the abrupt increase in slope of the high velocity spillway chute, and the tailwater control weir at the downstream end of the stilling basin.

Visit to the -Shipbuilding Research Institute, Zagreb- -September 10

The Institute was founded in 1948 as a center for scientific research in the field of naval architecture. Main programs of the Institute are solving practical problems relating to naval architecture, further development in field of ship hydrodynamics, and providing assistance in the training of naval architects at the local university. The facilities consist mainly of the following: (1) main towing tank, 276 meters long for standard tests for ships and propeller models; (2) high speed towing tank for testing models of high speed craft and for fundamental research; (3) maneuvering tank for testing steerage properties of ship models; (4) small towing tank for preliminary tests of ship models, research work and for student exercises; (5) large cavitation tunnel (300 hp and 30 meter per second velocity) for testing propeller models up to 500 mm diameter; (6) small cavitation tunnel; (7) ship model shop; (8) mechanical workshop; and (9) electronic laboratory.

It was pointed out that the high speed towing facilities are valu-able in view of steady increase in ship speeds and the prospects of further increase as a result of the application of nuclear energy and the use of super-cavitating propellers.

Visit to the Hydraulic Laboratory, University of Ljubljana- -September 10

This laboratory was started in 1937, but it was not until after the war that the laboratory was expanded to its present size and scope of activities. The building is over 80 meters in length, part of it is four stories in height, and the experimental area under roof is 1, 870 square meters. In addition, there is in use a like amount

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Figure 4. Side channel spillway approach, Peruca Dam, Cetina River Project, Yugoslavia; Tour B, IAHR Convention, 9- 9- 61.

Figure 5. Hinged-leaf crest gate, Peruca Dam spillway, C etina River Project, Yugoslavia; Tour B, IAHR Convention, 9-9-61.

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Figure 6. Shipbuilding Research Institute , Zagreb, Yugoslavia, constructed in 1948 ; Tour B, IAHR Convention, 9- 10- 6 l.

Figure 7. Cavitation tunnel for testing propellers up to 500 mm in diameter; Shipbuilding Research Institute, Zagreb, Yugoslavia; Tour B, IAHR Convention, 9-10-61.

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of open air testing area. The total pumping capacity is about 30 cubic feet per second. Principal features of the laboratory equipment are: test facilities for research on high-pressure gates; cavitation tank which is used for testing high pressure, high velocity, outlet works and high pressure and hinged-leaf gates; a 20-meter-long glass-sided flume; and air test facilities (5-cubic-meter-per-second capacity) for form resistance and head loss studies.

A large part of the studies carried on in this laboratory are related to water resources development, particularly hydropower, but river and canal studies are also carried on. The laboratory specializes in testing of hydraulic equipment for dams and high­pressure outlets. Laboratory and field studies in the field of sediment transport and beach erosion have been carried on in recent years.

The laboratory staff totals about 30 persons, including 12 engi­neers and technicians. The laboratory research in progress is reported in the biennial bulletin of the International Association for Hydraulic Research. It appears that a wide variety of excel­lent work in applied hydraulic research is being conducted in this laboratory.

Discussion of Proposed Foreign Currency Research Proposals

In view of the Bureau's interest in having certain research per­formed in countries in which the United States has a foreign cur­rency credit balance, this convention afforded the opportunity to meet individuals who would have knowledge of the capabilities and interests of laboratories in their respective countries. I carefully explained that the proposals had not been authorized by Congressional action but that my inquiries were made for infor­mation which would make further contacts more realistic.

Mr. Vaidyanathan, representing the Central Board of Irrigation and Power, New Delhi, (the only representative from India) expressed great interest in the projects which had been considered for his country. He indicated that, if the program develops in the future, initial contact should be with the Central Water and Power Research Station, Poona, India, (copy to Secretary, Central Board of Irrigation and Power, New Delhi) requesting estimate and com­ments on proposal; this would be followed by Government-to­Government correspondence and negotiation of contract.

Professor A. de Leeuw, Head, Hydraulic Laboratory, and Dr. S. Irmay, Professor of Fluid Mechanics and Hydraulics, Department of Civil Engineering, Technion-Israel Institute of Technology,

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were greatly interested in the research proposed for their insti­tution. Dr. Irmay stated that their laboratories had performed some contract work for the U.S. Armed Forces. He indicated that official contact should be made with Professor J. Karni, Director, Technion Research and Development Foundation, Ltd. , Haifa, Israel.

Dr. Geza Bata of the Hidraulicka Laboratorija, Avala, had heard of the possibility of research with foreign currency balances and was interested in subject matter which had been suggested for laboratories in Yugoslavia. Dr. Bata studied at the University of Iowa Institute of Hydraulic Research and has knowledge of the Bureau of Reclamation work in research. He made sugg'estions as to the assignment of the six proposed research studies to the laboratories in Yugoslavia, including the laboratory in which he is employed, and the laboratory of the University of Ljubljana. He indicated that he would be available for assistance in arrang­ing such research contracts if requested. Since the hydraulic laboratory at Avala was included in Tour 11A II and I planned taking Tour 11B, 11 Dr. Bata furnished me with the following information about that laboratory:

The laboratory is one of the six divisions of the Institute for Development of Water Resources, 11Jaroslav Cerni. " The Institute and the laboratory were founded in 1948. The lab­oratory is located on an area of about 10 acres. Three interconnected research laboratory sections provide a net area of about 3, 200 square meters.

Large models are built in open air areas of about 7. 5 acres. The laboratory has two outdoor water supply tanks and two fixed supply systems. The total capacity of the pumps is 37. 08 cfs with a maximum of 17. 66 cfs at one place. A towing tank 110 meters in length is used for current meter calibrations. The laboratory had an electronic section for hydraulic measurements.

The laboratory staff numbers more than 100 persons, includ­ing 15 engineers, 25 technicians, 55 workers, and 5 admin­istrative personnel.

The main activity of the laboratory has been concentrated in the field of waterpower engineering. I was told that other fields of hydraulic engineering, including river regulation, coastal engineering, land reclamation, groundwater flow and industrial hydraulics, are being studied in greater pro­portions in recent years. The laboratory has made over 430 reports and published about 20 percent of these reports.

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EXCHANGE VISIT TO HYDRAULIC LABORATORIES AND INSTITUTES IN U.S.S.R.

SEPTEMBER 11-23, 1961

Introduction and Background

In January 1961, upon the suggestion of Dr. Hunter Rouse, Director of the Iowa Institute of Hydraulic Research, the Department of State requested the Soviet Embassy to ascertain the interest of the Soviet authorities in arranging an exchange visitation of hydraulics experts, suggesting participation of the hydraulic laboratories of the following American institutions: Massachusetts Institute of Technology, State University of Iowa, University of Minnesota, Waterways Experiment Station, and the Bureau of Reclamation. A visit to five institutions in the U.S. S. R. was suggested for the 2-week period following the Ninth Convention of the International Association for Hydraulic Research in Yugoslavia, September 3-10, 1961. Response from the Soviet Embassy in May 19 61 indicated agreement to the exchange in principle, but required further negotiation as to dates and places to be visited by both parties. A prompt U.S. reply requested early Soviet concurrence with the originally proposed dates of September 11-23. At the time of departure of the United States party from this country, no reply had been received from the U.S. S. R. Acting upon the advice of the State Department, Intourist trips were arranged on an individual basis.

The visitation party consisted of Dr. Hunter Rouse, Dr. Lorenz G. Straub, Mr. J. B. Tiffany, Dr. A. T. Ippen, and myself. Except for Dr. Ippen, th.e party met in· Vienna about noon on September 11. Dr. Ippen was delayed at Ljubljana awaiting his U.S.S.R. visa which did not reach him in Ljubljana in time for him to travel with the group; he followed 4 days later. Dr. Rouse asked Messrs. Tiffany and me to keep notes for preparation of a report as a matter of record and for the information of interested parties.

It should be mentioned that we became acquainted with Professor Proskuriakov at the !AHR Convention. He was greatly interested in the visit of the United States engineers to the U.S. S. R. and indicated that he would urge the government of his country to con­firm the arrangements for an official exchange.

Itinerary and Reception at Moscow

We left Vienna at 2:25 p. m. September 11 via Austrian airlines and arrived at Moscow at 9:15 p. m. We were met by Mr. Dmetri B. Volfbe rg, Divisional Chief, Committee for the U.S. S. R. Partici­pation in International Power Conferences, who provided us with transportation to our hotel, the Ukraine.

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On Tuesday morning, September 12, we reported to the U.S. Embassy, registered, and discussed our visit with Mr. William Morrell, Economic Counselor, Mr. Stanley Brown, and Mr. Eugene Staples, Counselor for Cultural Affairs.

At 11:30 a.m., by prior arrangement, Mr. Volfberg met us at the hotel and took us by official car to the office of Mr. N. P. Galochkin, Chief Engineer, Ministry of Power Station Construction, Foreign Department, with whom we discussed our status as visitors and our schedules. With regard to our status, we explained it as related in the introductory paragraph to this section, and made it clear that the reason the official exchange had not been formal­ized was that the U.S.S.R. had not replied to the latest U.S. State Department communication. Before Mr. Galochkin understood this, he implied strongly that if a Russian group were promised the same treatment in the United States we would become nonpaying guests of the U.S. S. R. for the duration of our stay. We made it clear that we were in no position of authority to promise anything except that we, as individuals, would be pleased to have the Soviets visit us if agreed upon by the two Governments, and that we would try to do all we could to urge the accomplishment of our agreement. But, we repeated that the next step was up to the U.S. S. R. Mr. Galochkin made a statement that we interpreted as his intention to use his influence to have the U.S. S. R. Foreign Ministry do some­thing fast which might consummate the agreement while we were still in Russia.

The outcome of the discussion was a cordial statement by Mr. Galochkin that "You are here, exchange or no exchange, and you are our guests. 11 After considerable discussion, we worked out a schedule which followed basically the plan originally requested:

Wednesday, September 13--Sightseeing in Moscow with Intourist car and interpreter, as it was "not possible" to arrange official visits to start before the following day.

Thursday, September 14, to Saturday, September 16--Visits to two hydraulic laboratories, the Moscow Institute of Civil Engineering, possibly a secondary school, and other places to be agreed upon later.

Saturday, September 16 (p. m. )- -Fly to Sochi.

Sunday, September 17, to Monday, September 18--In Sochi-­possibly two laboratories.

Tuesday, September 19--Fly to Leningrad.

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Wednesday, September 20, toSaturday, September 23--Visit laboratories, the exact ones to be arranged.

Saturday, September 23 (p. m. )--,Leave Leningrad for Helsinki.

The general impression we received was that they were willing to show us just about anything in reason that we would ask for. We were informed that both Mr. Galochkin and Mr. Volfberg would accompany us throughout our visits to the various institu­tions.

At 9:30 on September 13 we were met by our Intourist guide, Miss Svetlana Batsulo, age 22, a student in a foreign language institute. Her instructions were to take us on a tour of Moscow. including as many places of cultural interest as time would permit. Included in the tour were Red Square (near the Kremlin), scene of mass demonstrations and military parades on national holidays; Moscow University on the Lenin Hills overlooking the Lenin Central Stadium in South Moscow; and the Kremlin, walled area dated back to the Middle Ages, which includes many historical monuments. We visited the Armory within the Kremlin, which contains a beauti-ful collection of treasures from the days of the Czars, including weapons, armor, gold and silverware, clothes, and so on. We also visited the Lenin and Stalin Mausoleum with little waiting.

We also had the opportunity to visit several newly constructed apartment housing areas. Our guide gave us an explanation of the plan of these huge apartments, called Metro-districts (5,000 to 20,000 population). These communities are self-sufficient, i.e., they include schools, shopping facilities, parks, etc. The visits of course stimulated questions pertaining to housing space per family, salaries, cost of living, medical care, quality of school­ing, and even philosophical views. We found that our guide was well trained in answering all questions. We were told that 325 apartment units were completed each day in Moscow. a city of 8 million people. Ultimately it is the plan that minimum size flats will have a minimum of 1 bedroom, kitchen, and bath. We were told that rent varies from 4 to 13 kopecks per square meter per month, and that rent averages 4 to 6 percent of the salary.

Future plans are being made for "sputnik" cities around Moscow. The underground railway system built in the 1930's is being extended by 15 kilometers accordingly. It was pointed out that the Soviet Union is planning an All-Union Exhibition in South Moscow in 1967, and all nations will be invited to participate.

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The University of Moscow, housed in one of Moscow's 7 skyscrapers and 37 other buildings in South Moscow, has 24,000 students. We were told that there are 600 students from Africa and Asia in the University. The first year for foreign students is devoted to study of the language. It was reported that all foreign students were given stipends and that 80 percent of the domestic students received stipends for subsistence. Tuition is free. A qualified graduate usually is required to work 3 or 4 years before entering graduate school. We were told that there are 712 institutions of higher learning in the Soviet Union, and 80 in Moscow, including the universities and institutes. Universities have no faculties of engineering; engineers as well as physicians are trained in institutes. Engineering takes 5 years; medical training 6 years.

On Thursday, September 14, Mr. Tiffany and I again reported to the American Embassy and talked to Mr. Stanley Brown and Mr. Eugene Staples. It was learned that there had been an exchange of communications with Soviet authorities to the effect that our party was finally on an official exchange basis. We informed Mr. Brown and Mr. Staples of our program and plans developed in Mr. Galochkin's office and that it was his under­standing that the visit was now on an official exchange basis. In effect, this was confirmed, subject to further negotiations with Soviet authorities as to number of Soviet hydraulic engineers to participate in a return visit, the determination of U.S. laboratories to be visited, and the itinerary.

While Mr. Tiffany and I were at the Embassy, Dr. Rouse, accompanied by Mr. Volfberg, paid a visit to the parents of a former graduate student at the University of Iowa, Mr. Theodor Strelkoff, who is now associated with the University of California. Mr. Strelkoff's parents lived in the United States some 30 years and returned to the Soviet Uni_on about 2· years ago to live. Dr. Rouse reported a very pleasant visit with the elder Strelkoffs in their apartment. Mr. Strelkoff is a concert singer who ends his programs with a lecture and question-and-answer session on his life in America.

Hydroproject Research Institute

At 11 a. m. we all met at the hotel and were joined by Mr. Galochkin, who accompanied us on a visit to the Research Section, Hydroproject Institute, located in the outlying industrial section of Moscow.

Mr. J. Darkscheiwitz, Chief of the Section (laboratory) explained the mission of the Institute, which is under the Ministry of Power Station Construction. The institute is concerned with design studies for water resources and the principal areas of activity are the following:

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Figure 8. Visit at Hydroproject Research Institute, Moscow, U.S. S. R.; 1. to r., Mr. Anatole Zkvortzov, Assistant Director; Dr. L. Straub; Miss Svetlana Batsulo, inter­preter; Dr. H. Rouse; Mr. N. P. Galochkin; Mr. D. Volfberg. 9-12-61.

Figure 9. Hydroproject Research Institute, Moscow, U.S. S. R.; hydraulic laboratory building con­structed in 1953. 9-12-61.

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a. Dams and appurtenances

b. Hydraulic machinery

c. Soil mechanics

d. Rock mechanics

e. Construction materials, concrete, earth

f. Construction investigations and field testing, including field hydraulic tests of all kinds.

There are approximately 1,000 employees in the Institute, about 300 of them engineers in the Moscow laboratories and the field. In general, there is about 1 engineer to 3 technical assitants. Approximately 50 hydraulic research engineers are engaged in laboratory and field research and testing. Mrs. N. V. Halturina, whose participation in the IAHR Convention was mentioned earlier, and her husband are research engineers in this laboratory. One­fourth of the present program was said to be of a research nature.

Accounts of the hydraulic research and investigations are contained in the Hydro-Construction Reports. It was understood that the laboratory does not publish separate hydraulic research reports, as such. Draft copies of reports on hydraulic instrumentation were examined on a tour of the laboratories. No copies were available for distribution. It was explained that the Lenin Library in Moscow has an exchange agreement with the Library of Congress. There was no known existing agreement of exchange of reports with laboratories of the United States, although the head of the labora­tory seemed to be agreeable to such an exchange, if negotiated.

The present Hydraulic Laboratory building (approximately 400 feet by 150 feet) was constructed in 1953, although it appears to be much older. The following are the principal studies seen in the tour:

1. 1: 120 model of Aswan Dam diversion. It was explained that the project was first studied by the British firm, Sir Alexander Gibb and Company, which proposed nine diversion tunnels on one side of the river and the powerhouse on the other. Russian studies developed an open channel to power­house and only six tunnels. According to Mr. Galochkin, this latter scheme was much less costly.

2. 1: 100 model of Kiev Hydroproject Dam. Tests were being made with an improved type of pitot tube to determine pulsa­tion on the downstream portion of the stilling basin and the effect on powerplant.

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Figure 10. Office of Director, Hydroproject Research Institute, Moscow, U.S. S. R.; 1. tor., J. B. Tiffany; J. Darkschewitz, Director; Interpreter; L. Straub; H. M. Martin; H. Rouse. 9-12-61.

Figure 11. Hydroproject Research Institute, Moscow, U.S. S. R.; discussion of Aswan Dam studies. L. to r., Mrs. N. V. Halturina, engineer; Dr. L. Straub; unidentified Institute engineer; Mr. Halturina, engineer; Mr. N. P. Galochkin. 9-12-61.

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Figure 12. General view of Hydraulic Laboratory, Hydroproject Research Institute, Moscow, U.S. S. R.; in foreground is 1: 100 scale model of Kiev Hydroproj ect Dam spill­way. 9-12-61.

Figure 13. Reduction of data in the laboratory by three computing tools: slide rule, abacus, and hand-operated mechanical computer. Hydraulic Laboratory, Hydroproject Research Institute, Moscow, U.S. S. R. 9-12-61.

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3. 1:45 model of portion of Aswan Dam Powerplant. A conical valve similar to the Howell-Bunger type in reverse was being tested as a control upstream of the turbine gates.

4. A 1 :40 model of a navigation lock was being studied.

5. A model of an overfall diversion dam was being studied with a 120° camera to determine the flow patterns upstream. Small current meters similar to those used in U.S. labora­tories were also used.

6. Cavitation studies on 1: 30 models of baffle piers were being conducted in a cavitation tunnel about 30 inches wide and 30 inches high. Discharge capacity was said to be 500 liters per second. Several vacuum pumps are required to reduce the pressure. The spectrum of sound, as an index of cavitation, was recorded by oscillograph. In this airtight structure, cavitation tendencies of piers, chute blocks, etc., in the prototype can be scaled. Pressure cells mounted at various locations on the piers measure transient pressures at the noise level at which cavitation is apparent. A small cavitation tunnel is used to calibrate transducers for cavi­tation tests in large tunnel. It was explained that it is their practice to make models of instruments to be used in proto­type pressure investigations. For example, a pressure transducer with an effective sensitive diameter of 3 mm would be compared to one of 8 -mm diameter. Such data could then be extrapolated to other sizes, say up to 4 inches diameter, commonly used in prototype tests. The study is being made to assure agreement between laboratory and field pressure measurement techniques.

7. Electrical analogy models, two-dimensional and three­dimensional, are used to study approach to tunnels and power­plants. Studies of filtration problems, uplift, and back pressure on tunnel linings are made with this technique.

8. Air models are used for study of river flow problems, such as 1: 1, 000 horizontal and 1: 500 vertical, because of the higher Reynolds number and more representative turbu­lence. The riverbed is modeled in clay from topographical maps to a height computed for the elevation of the glass cover. Only the Reynolds number need be conside,red as a limiting factor in using air as the fluid medium. Air velocities in the order of 60 meters per second are commonly used. Dis -cussion of the effect of the glass cover on the pressure and velocity distributions revealed their familiarity with Dr. Rouse' s

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Figure 14. Hydraulic model of powerplant, canal, and tailrace, Aswan Dam, Egypt . Hydraulic Laboratory, Hydroproject Research Institute, Moscow, U.S. S. R. 9-12-61.

Figure 15. Hydraulic model for study of conical gate upstream of turbine, Aswan Dam, Egypt. Hydraulic Laboratory, Hydro­project Research Institute, Moscow, U.S. S. R. 9-12-61.

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published work>:, on studies of the hydraulic jump with air as the fluid.

9. There were several studies in which variation of pressure on aprons was being studied.

There was not sufficient time to visit other branches of the labora­tory such as the materials, soil mechanics, etc.

We were guests at a delightful luncheon served at the laboratory headquarters. On occasions such as this there was an opportunity to discuss topics such as homes, families, and hobbies. Everyone seemed to be interested in our families. It was clear that many commonplace conveniences of our lives were considered to be luxuries for the people at this laboratory.

We arrived back at the hotel at 5:30 p. m. We were guests that evening of the Ministry of Power Station Construction at the Moscow State Musical Theater which presented the ballet, "The Masquerade," by Laputin.

School No. 35

On Friday forenoon, September 15, through arrangements made by Mr. Volfberg, we visited School No. 35, which includes grades 1 through 11. The five-story school building, constructed in 19521

is located in the working district of Moscow. The superintendent, Mrs. Temof eeva Zoya Pavlovna, a war widow about 50 years of age, told us that the student body of 1, 150 is divided into 32 groups. Since 1956 the school has been a polytechnic trade school. Begin­ning with the eighth grade, all students receive vocational training, part of which is on collective farms. The eighth- and ninth - grade students have some training in factories for general orientation.

Mrs. Pavlovna seemed to be a dedicated teacher. She showed us a recent book by William Vandivert entitled Young Russians (Dodd, Mead & Co., N.Y.). which describes education in the U.S.S.R. Her school was cited in the book. She spoke of the need for proper training of young people as being important for peace in the world. She indicated her interest in having more information about young people in the United States. In expressing an interest in receiving American publications, she restricted this to those not containing anything unkind to the U.S. S. R.

,:,Trans. ASCE, 1959.

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Moscow Institute of Civil Engineering

In the early afternoon we arrived at the Moscow Institute of Civil Engineering, where we were greeted first by Mr. V. J. Karelim, Mechanical Engineer, who studied at one time at the University of California. We were ushered to the office of the director of the Institute, Professor P. G. Kusmin, who is in charge of the Con­struction Engineering Department. He introduced the following members of the staff:

Professor F. F. Gubin, Chief of the Chair of Water Energy Use

Professor G. T. Krivtchenko (Hydraulic Machinery) Mr. G. L. Mesin Mr. V. J. Karelim Mr. M. F. Gubin.

The Institute has 7, 000 students, with 7 faculties in the fields of industrial and civil engineering, specialization beginning at the outset. There were said to be 2, 000 students in the school of general civil engineering in which there are at present 2 special­ties, design and peaceful use of atomic energy. Other schools are construction: hydroconstruction, seaports, water-power energy, hydraulic fill dams, thermal-electric power stations, etc.; city planning, including bridges, transportation, under-ground railways, tunnels, etc.; water supply and sewage treat­ment; construction materials; heating and ventilating; and mechanical engineering. Foundation engineering is spread over several departments. Two hundred hours of hydraulics are given students. This includes lectures, practical problems, and laboratory experi­ments.

It was said that scientific research is a large part of the work of the Institute, reaching into the problems of hydroelectric power­plants, rockfill dams, and hydraulic machinery. Funds for such research are dravvn from the projects. Forty scientists and forty students are engaged in such research. It was explained that the laboratories have been widely scattered and that they now are being concentrated in a field station about 30 kilometers from the center of Moscow. Thus, there was no opportunity to inspect the research work being conducted at present time. We were each given a copy of their recent Report No. 35, Studies of Structures and Facilities of Hydroelectric Power Stations, published 1n 1961, which covers recent work in a variety of research problems. A number of studies of turbines and draft tubes are included.

Professor Gubin watches for Bureau of Recla.mation publications in particular, for he spent some time in the Bureau about 30 years

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Figure 16. Visit at Moscow Institute of Civil Engineering. L. to r., Mr. V, J. Karelim, unidentified member of staff, Dr. F. F. Gubin, Prof. P. G, Kusmin, J. B. Tiffany, Dr. L. Straub, Miss Batsulo, interpreter, and Dr. H. Rouse. 9-14- 61.

Figure 17. Professor P. G. Kus min demonstrates an operating model of "walking" crane and dragline, Construction Engineering Division, Moscow Institute of Civil Engineering. 9-14-61.

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ago. He inquired about Mr. J. L . Savage, Mr. L. N. McClellan, Mr. E. W. Lane, Mr. Ivan E. Houk, and the late Messrs. Robert F. Blanks and Arthur Reuttgers. Professor Gubin discussed the desirability of exchange of engineers between his country and the United States. He is now past 60 years of age, yet he is keenly interested in promoting an exchange similar to the experience he so greatly enjoyed.

Travel to Sochi

We had planned to visit another hydraulic research institute on the forenoon of September 16. However, this was impossible because it was learned that our air flight to Sochi was to leave at 12 o'clock noon. We departed from an airport south of Moscow. Our trip to the airport took us through the new housing developments where prefabricated concrete houses are being erected in huge numbers. It was explained by Mr. Galochkin that concrete is the principal building material because of the short supply of steel. Little wood is being used. This aversion to wood construction seems to be associated with the old Moscow, which was destroyed several times by fire. We also passed the plains on which the International Fair of the Soviet Union will be held in 1967 in commemoration of the 50-year period since the revolution of 1917. The flight to Sochi was on a large four-motored turbo-propeller plane. We landed at the Adler Airport, which is about 20 kilometers from Sochi. It was at this place that we were asked by a young woman airport attendant not to take pictures. This was the only incident of this nature on the entire trip.

Sochi is reported to be the largest balneological and health resort in the Soviet Union. The health resort occupies a strip along the shore about 130 kilometers long on the seaside slopes of the main range of the Caucasus. There are over 50 large sanitoria in the area which are used for vacation rest purposes and the treatment of a variety of diseases. The local population was said to be about 145,000. The sanitoria and rest hotels can accommodate 1 7, 000 persons.

We were assigned comfortable rooms in the Seaside Hotel. Messrs. Galochkin and Volfberg quickly arranged evening entertainment, courtesy of the Ministry, at an outdoor theater featuring the Czechoslovakian gold medal act of the Brussels Fair, the Magic Lantern, which has been featured at Leningrad, Moscow, and Sochi. On Sunday, accompanied by Intourist guide-interpreter Miss Elena Putrina, we drove in a small motorbus, capacity about 10 persons, to Gagri, about 50 kilometers south of Sochi on the coast; thence east 60 kilometers into the Caucasus to Lake Rytza in Georgia at elevation 950 meters above sea level.

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The roads, although narrow, were paved. The large hotel resort at the lake was built in 1947 when the area was developed for the recreational program of the country. Curiously, it was claimed that the first hydroplant in southeastern Europe was developed in country like this 100 kilometers northeast of Sochi by monks at Novyafon.

Wave Scientific Research Station

We visited the Research Station on Monday, September 18. We were greeted by Mr. V. N. Loginov, director of the station, who took us to his office in the laboratory headquarters building i;n an area which appeared to be until recently the dock section of the Sochi harbor. The station is a branch of the All-Union Institute of Design of Marine Structures in the Ministry of Marine Transport. Mr. Loginov said there is a similar branch in Leningrad. After the war, the Soviet Union decided that So chi would be developed as a resort. This required shore protection, which was started in 1946. Waves 9 meters in height have been measured in the Black Sea.

Mr. Loginov explained that the station is engaged in an increasing program of theoretical, laboratory, and field studies of wave erosion on shore structures. Up to the present, they have put more emphasis on field investigations, since there are practical limita­tions on theoretical and laboratory studies. Hence, assumptions made in the model are checked in prototype structures. Principal studies mentioned were uplift pressures on shore aprons and impact pressures on shore walls. Mr. Loginov indicated he was aware of some similar research in Italy and France but was not familiar with the work being carried on by the Beach Erosion Board labora­tory of the Corps of Engineers, and by other laboratories.

He explained the wave-study station at the end of the long break­water nearby and the wave ..:.measuring tower in the sea 80 meters from the shore. The wave-measuring instruments in the offshore tower are connected to recorders in the breakwater field labora­tory in order that data on approaching waves may be recorded during storms. Pressure transducers are also installed in various locations in the breakwater to measure pressure of waves at the bottom of vertical walls and at various critical locations in experi­mental shore protection devices. Impact pressures are recorded without amplification to avoid the necessity of having men in attendance at the station, which is inaccessible during severe storms.

Mr. Loginov, Mr. Igor Gishkin, and Mrs. Galina Rusminskajo accompanied us on an inspection of the laboratory installation in

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Figure 18. Wave Scientific Research Station, Sochi, U.S. S. R. L. tor., Miss Elena Putrina, interpreter, Mr. V. N. Loginov, Direc­tor of Station; Mrs. Galina Rusminskajo, geographer; Dr. Rouse; J. B. Tiffany; N. P. Galochkin. 9-18-61.

Figure 19 . Wave Scientific Research Station. Field wave research laboratory is located in harbor breakwater; hydrologic instru­ments are located in tower. Soc hi, U.S. S. R. 9- 1 9-8 1.

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the breakwater. The prototype wave-pressure cells developed in Leningrad were demonstrated. They utilize the SR-4 strain-gage principle, and have a frequency response of 400 cycles per second and were said to be quite stable for years. The gages are cali­brated by air pressure. Vibrations of the breakwater in horizontal directions are measured by strain-gage accelerometers. The period of the breakwater was said to be about 2 cycles per second. Fourteen pressure cells, accessible through adits, are located at various elevations in the stormward side of the breakwater.

Further discussion pertaining to wave-pressure measurements on model and prototype vertical walls revealed close agreement with the work of Hudson at the Waterways Experiment Station. Mrs. Rusminskajo explained the studies being made on breakwaters, and the reflection and refraction of sea waves. Mr. Gishkin mentioned briefly the work being started on surge waves. With Basil Wilson's (University of Texas) theory as background mate -rial, they have started a study which will involve laboratory and prototype measurements. Other work mentioned was measure­ment of stress in mooring hawsers. Present tests involve measure­ment of stresses in full size ropes. Salinity problems are not studied. Tidal problems are not studied since there is no tide in the Black Sea.

The staff of the station numbered 30 persons, half scientists and engineers and half technicians. About 15 women are employed. The work of the station is described in annual reports prepared by the Ministry of Marine Transport. A copy of the 1960 report, No. CH-92-60, was shown, but no copies were available for dis­tribution. The station also assists in preparing manuals for the design of marine structures.

Having seen the shore test installation, we asked for an opportunity to see the laboratory studies. We were told that the laboratory was small, that there was not enough of interest being done in it to justify the time, and that most laboratory work was done else­where. Thus we did not see any of the laboratory work being performed in this field of hydraulics.

Inquiry had been made about the possibility of visiting the Black Sea Hydro geological Station, near So chi. While at the wave research station, we were informed that the Hydrogeological Station had a small staff and that they were all away on a holiday, and there would be no opportunity to see any of the work of the station.

Tuesday morning, September 19, our group was taken on an inspection trip of the shore protection installation in the Sochi

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area. It was explained that the early tasks in building the groins and underwater breakwaters was the survey for material, including gravel for concrete, and sand for the beaches. Sand must be processed from conglomerate available in the vicinity. Emergency breakwaters and seawalls constructed of wood are being replaced with concrete. The speedboats used for the shore tour were of the semi-hydrofoil type (foils at forward end only) and were quite smooth in a rather rough sea.

We traveled by four-motored propeller plane to Leningrad the afternoon of September 19, arriving at about 7 p. m.

V.N.,I.I.G., Leningrad

On Wednesday, September 20, we visited the All-Union Research Institute for Hydraulic Structures (V. N. I. I. G.). Dr. B. V. Proskuriakov is director of this institution, established in 1931 as an institute of reclamation. It is presently named after a former Chief Engineer of the Ministry of Power, Mr. Vedeneev. Originally the purpose of the institution was to furnish hydraulic information to all agencies in the country, as it was the only one of its kind in 1931. The director gave the following information pertaining to the overall operatio:qs of the Institute. An organiza­tion chart is included as Figure 21. In 1960 about 880 people were employed, classified as follows:

13 Doctors of Science (they also do some teaching) 7 3 Masters of Science 440 engineers and technicians 279 workers 75 administrative staff

The total budget for that year was about 1, 500, 000 rubles divided about equally between applied research and theoretical work. The Institute publishes reports of its own work in their entirety. In addition, papers and reports of the U.S. S. R. are published in an annual volume in abstract form as "All-Union Scientific Research Papers Concerning Hydrotechniques. 11 Three volumes have been published. The 1959 volume displayed was entitled "Annotations of Hydrotechnique Scientific Research Work Finished in 1959." It was a large green-covered volume of 331 works. It was said to be for sale and available on an exchange basis. We were told that it is available in the Library of Congress on an existing exchange. This publication was recognized as being a valuable source of information on the output of the Soviet Union and a direct exchange between the United States laboratories represented and V. N. I. I. G. was suggested. After discussion, Mr. Galochkin pointed out that this exchange should be established through the State Department after the visitation exchange is completed.

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Figure 20. Inspection of shore protection works at Sochi, U.S. S. R. Wave and harbor studies are made at The Wave Scientific Research Station. 9-19-61.

ORGANIZATIONAL SCHEME OF THE V. N.1.1.G.

SCIENTIFIC BOARD

INDUSTRIAL HYDRAULICS •

HVDROTECHNICAL •

HYDROMECHA.NIZATION •

DAMS ex POWU PLANTS e

HYDRAULIC MACHINES •

RIVER HYDRAULICS •

Arr.. Dl:PARTMENTS

SOILS III FOUNDATIONS .. .A HVDl1UUC STRUCTUltS

~ SOIL MECHANICS • • EN&INHIIN& STIIIICTUHS j !NGINl!ERIN; GIOLD5Y • • FIELI INVlSTIUTIOln

ntvSICAL III CNIMICAL • ITHH AN&WIS AIIALYSII IT on,c:.u ••n••••

NRTHEMATICAL HVll1tA~,;-'~11~11~;:;: 1

N£o

fr · :;,-. ~ . ~ ,, ,

... e UIOHTORIES

l!PUTY DllfCTOI IN CHAR&£ Of ADMINISTRATIVE STAFF

..... TECHNICAL INFOAMlTIOI

a JNOTO•FILMINS OFPICE

a SCIINTIPIC LIIIAIY

• ru1uSN1N1 OFFICI!

a PIINTIN8 OFFICE

• SUB-OFFICES

Figure 21. Organization chart- - All-Union Research Institute for Hydraulic Structures.

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gave the following general information on the program of the Insti­tute. About 250 problems are studied in a period of a year, 75 or more of a purely scientific nature, and 125 to 175 studies for proj­ect design studies and construction site investigations. The follow­ing types of studies now being carried on in the laboratories were mentioned:

a. Hydraulic structures, such as spillways

b. Filtration and drainage

c. Strength and stability of structures and foundation settlement

d. Rockfill dams, such as study of filling pores with sand (Aswan Dam)

e. Buttress and concrete dams

f. Navigation locks

g. Plastic design theory studies and experimentation on stabilization

h. Strength of structures

i. Construction materials

j. Construction methods

k. Powerplant operation, including field tests

1. Hydraulic facility studies for thermal powerplants.

About 25 percent are in the hydraulics field.

We were shown a motion picture, well illustrated with schematic drawings. It demonstrated concrete shear tests, a study of a super­elevated side-channel spillway, and a study of permafrost conditions on foundation design.

Before we were given a tour of the laboratories, we were introduced to Mr. M. F. Skladnev, Deputy Director in Charge of Coordination of Hydraulic Research Works :in the U.S. S. R. It was stated that Mr. Skladnev will be chief of the Soviet group of hydraulic research engineers planning to visit the United States. Mr. V. N. Loginov, director of the Sochi laboratory, is understood to be another member of the group.

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Figure 22. Visit to All- Union Res earch Institute for Hydraulic Structures. Id entified left to right numbered 1 to 14 are: 3. H. M. Martin; 4. Miss H el en P erovrnaya, interpret er and memb er of staff; 5. M. F. Skladnev, Deputy Director in Charge of Coordination of Hy draulic R esearch Works in U.S. S. R. ; 6. J. B. Tiffany; 7. Dr. L. G. Straub; 8. Dr. H. Rouse; 9. D. Volfberg; 10. Dr. B. V. Proskuriakov, Director; 11. Dr. M. A. Dementiev; 12 . Prof. M. B. Ginsbourg; 14. Dr. A. T. Ippen. 9-21-61.

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The Hydraulic Laboratory employs a total of 50 persons. Six are Master of Science engineers and scientists; 36 are engineers, and 8 are workers. The program consists principally of the following fields of study:

a. Spillways and stilling basins for high dams being built in Siberia.

b. Sediment transport, including fundamental and applied research on erosion of beds.

c. Unsteady flow, mainly in open channels. It was stated that flood routing problems are handled by electronic computer methods.

d. Water cooling problems in connection with thermal powerplants.

It was noted that a 1: 110 indoor model of a superelevated side­channel spillway of the Vylriy River Dam was also being studied with a 1 :90 outdoor model. Successive stages of construction were being studied simultaneously. A 1: 1 70 indoor model of a spillway over a powerplant for the Pliavin Dam was used for general layout studies. An outdoor model at a scale of 1: 100 was used for study of construction operations.

The laboratory is installing a wave flume 7 meters deep and 4 meters wide. Waves 2 meters high are expected to be used.

The sediment study laboratory is expanding with the construction of a glass-sided, variable slope flume. Mr. M. A. Dementiev showed us his current study by optical methods of the simultaneous movement of sediment and water particles in a closed conduit about 2. 5 inches wide, 2. 5 inches high, and 15 feet long. The microscope and camera device being used in this study were thought to be probably the best quality instrumentation seen in this laboratory. It was noted that all watches, cameras, and other precision instruments were Soviet-made.

The Institute has a group of seven persons, headed by a doctor of science, engaged in study of ground water, percolation, seepage, and other soils problems by electrical analog techniques with 2-dimensional and 3-dimensional analogs. Paper No. 11 under Theme 2 of the IAHR convention was prepared by this laboratory. It described a study of percolation through regions influenced by raising the water table due to hydraulic structures. Mention was made of a large analog study of a drainage basin between Mosco:w and the Black Sea.

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Figure 23. General view of hydraulic laboratory, All- Union Research Institute for Hydraulic Structures, Leningrad, U.S. S. R. 9-21-61.

Figure 24. Outdoor hydraulic model of Pliavin Dam, studied for construction oper­ation purposes. All- Union Research Institute for Hydraulic Structures, Leningrad, U.S. S. R. 9-21-61.

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Mr. Lukianov showed us an apparatus called a hydraulic analog used for studying piping and other phenomena. Essentially, it consists of a battery of vertical tubes which contain constant discharge orifices which can be connected in series in various fashions simu­lating transient conditions in ground water flow, piping, etc. The 1960 Proceedings of International Association of Hydrologists in which a paper describing this technique appears were cited.

The structural laboratory tests models of arch dams set in the canyon. Hydrostatic pressure is simulated by confined air­pressure balloons, each subjected to air pressure representing the corresponding elevation on the dam. Also seen were model sections of dams subjected to various types of mechanical load-ing. Underway is a study by models to determine methods of prestressing concrete sections of locks without the use of jacks; this study is being extended to the construction of counterforts and buttresses. Photoelastic methods are also used for stress analysis.

My overall impression of the laboratory operations was that there was a lack of attention to detail. In cases where electrical instru­ments are used for recording transient data, voltage regulations appeared questionable. This is rather surprising, as Dr. Ippen was greatly impressed with the high quality and variety of electri­cal instruments at the U.S. S. R. Agricultural and Industrial Exhi­bition in Moscow. We did not see much really good instrumentation except Dr. Dementiev' s optical equipment used in sediment trans -port and in an electric-hydraulic analog used in the study of unsteady seepage problems. We did not see many young engineers, which may explain the lack of evidence of new equipment.

We attended the ballet theater in the evening, courtesy of the Ministry of Power Station Construction. There we met a group of West German engineers who had returned from a trip to the large powerplant dam construction sites east of the Urals. They were greatly impressed with the magnitude of these projects. They were representatives of hydroelectric machinery manufactur­ing firms. It is understood that electrical equipment is also manu­factured entirely within the Union.

Leningrad Institute of Water Transport

On Thursday, September 21, we visited the Leningrad Institute of Water Transport. Dr. Tchekrenjov, Head of the Department of River Engineering and Hydrology, explained the mission of the Institute. The work of the Institute include s training engineers and performing research. Five curricula are offered: (1) machin­ery; (2) hoisting equipment; (3) hydraulic structures; (4) marine electricity; ( 5) economics of water transportation. Generally speaking, research is related to these topics. It includes inland

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and sea waterways, handling cargoes, improvement of waterways, etc. Five and one -half years are required for a daytime student to complete the course, which includes three 6-month ship tours. There are 600 students in evening classes, which meet 4 times a week. Including graduate students, there are about 7. 000 students at the Institute. Eighty percent of new students have 2 years of "life experience" after high school levei. Only 20 percent enter directly from high school. Some students are already married and leave jobs to enter, so they need stipends to carry them through.

The staff numbers 250, 20 have doctorates, and 140 have M. S. degrees. All those who teach also perform research. In addition, there are a number of full-time research engineers and scientists. Thirty-five percent of the students are women, who are attracted to the economics courses in particular. Twenty percent of the staff are women.

Dr. V. M. Makkaveev, Head of the Hydraulics Department, introduced the other members of the staff who showed us the various parts of the laboratory in turn:

Basin, A. M.

Teitelman, V. F.

Grishanin, K. V.

Panchurin, N. A.

Fjodorov, V. V.

Borodkin, B. S.

Giljarov, N. P.

Varlamov, N. N.

Doctor of Science, Professor, the Head of the Chair of Ship Theory and Ship Construction '

Candidate of Science, the Head of the Hydrotechnical Laboratory

Candidate of Science, a reader of the Chair of River Engineering and River Hydrology

Candidate of Science, a reader of the Hydraulics Chair

Candidate of Science, a reader of the Chair of River Engineering and River Hydrology

Candidate of Science. the Chief of the Research Section

Candidate of Science, a reader of the Chair of River Engineering and River Hydrology

Candidate of Science, a reader of the Chair of Ports and Hydrotechni­cal Constructions

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Figure 25. Visit at Leningrad Institute of Water Transport, U.S. S. R. Identified left to right, numbers 1 to 11 are: 1. Dr. Hunter Rouse; 3. Dr. L. Straub; 5. J. B. Tiffany; 6. Dr. Tchekrenjov; 7. Dr. V. M. Makkaveev; 8. N. B. Galochkin; 10. Dr. A. T. lppen. 9-21-61.

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Figure 26. Lock model study in hydrau -lie l aboratory, Institute of Water Trans­port, Leningrad, U . S. S. R. 9-2 1-61.

Dr. Makkaveev indicated that the experimental problems studied in the laboratory are related to rivers and the sea. River· studies include distribution of velocities, sediment effects, salinity in estuaries, ice problems, shape of structures, and energy dissipa­tion. Sea studies include waves, wind, locks and gates, behavior of ships in locks, and cavitation in locks.

This laboratory, e stablished in 1907, is said to be the oldest scientific institute for hydraulics in the Soviet Union. Dr. Makkaveev was formerly at the Hydrological Institute (in Leningrad) and has been at the Institute of Water Transport since 1931. He completed his book on Hydraulics in 1940; h e feels it should be revised but has not had the time to do the required writing.

In the general field of hydrodynamics of ships, the Institute studies the resistance of ships and trains, of boats, propellers and jet propulsion, control of ships, stability of ships, and cavitation processes in pumps. The Institute has a small towing tank, 40 meters long. The staff uses larger tanks of other agencies when necessary.

In the field of seaport structures, studies are made on quays and breakwaters, dams, locks, and other hydropower structures. The staff also inspects and tests structures after completion. A recent report on lock studies was cited. Mention was made of investiga­tion of methods to extend the navigation season in locks, such as the use of chemicals to destroy ice, and recirculation of warmer water to prevent ice.

In the field of waterways experimental work, the following were mentioned: surveying and mapping, hydrology of rivers, dredging techniques, sediment control structures, navigation aids, river regime problems, free flowing river problems, and development of new instruments for laboratory and field studies. One of the most active current projects is that of dredging techniques. This is of great interest to the Corps of Engineers, which will conduct full-scale tests on dredge pipelines next year.

Preceding the tour of the hydraulic laboratory, there was a lengthy discussion on higher education in engineering with comparisons being drawn between practices in the United States and the U.S.S.R. My notes are brief and indicate that this Institute can offer the M. S. and doctoral degrees. Not all institutes are authorized to do so. There were said to be about 20 institutes of higher learning in Leningrad.

In the hydraulic laboratory, which covers an area 46 meters long and 30 meters wide, we saw a model study of a lock, which appeared

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to compare favorably with the work performed at the Waterways Experiment Station, St. Anthony Falls, and other laboratories in the United States. It was learned that this laboratory some­times uses amber with a specific gravity of 1. 1 to 1. 2 as bed material for movable bed studies. The amber is obtained in the vicinity of the Baltic Sea. A small part of the laboratory was closed off from the tour. It was discovered that this area con­tained a small hydraulic model in which there had been an attempt to generate surface waves with air.

In another wing of the laboratory, we saw an air tunnel with a throat section about 18 inches wide. The throat section was adjustable in height up to 3 inches. A variety of boundary geom­etry problems can be studied within the section. Instrumentation seemed to be good. In an adjacent room, we saw under construc­tion an aerodynamic model of a section of the Yenisei River in Siberia; the scale is 1 :5, 000 horizontal and 1 :500 vertical. The riverbed is molded of wax and will be covered with glass plate at an elevation determined after analysis of the preliminary trial run data. The velocity of the air in the model may vary from 15 to 25 meters per second. Pressures at various locations in the model are measured by directional pitot tubes which are inserted through 1 / 16-inch brass tubes built into the model floor. The inside diameter of the pitot tube was said to be 1 mm. The ultimate purpose of this kind of study is to determine the location of artificial structures which will be required to control the river. Detailed hydraulic models are made of the areas indicated as necessary by the aerodynamic models.

We learned that Professor V. E. Timonoff, a noted hydraulician of this laboratory, collaborated with other European hydraulicians in writing the large volume "Hydraulic Laboratory Practice," which was translated and published by the American Society of Mechanical Engineers in 1928 at John R. Freeman's instigation.

During the tour of the laboratory, Dr. Rouse was shown a copy of his book, "Fluid Mechanics for Hydraulic Engineersn which had been translated into the Russian language without his prior know­ledge. Five thousand copies had been printed. He was told that he could probably collect royalties but that the money collected would have to be spent in the Soviet Union.

All-Union Hydrological Institute

At about 4 p. m., we visited the All-Union Hydrological Institute and were greeted by Mr. Uryvaev, Managing Director. Mr. Uryvaev explained the work of this institute, established more than 40 years ago, which also has a number of smaller offices and laboratories in various regions of the country.

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Studies are conducted of rain runoff, ground-water river flow, and dynamics of water above the water table. Hydrologic studies are made of streams after structures are built, and of the effect of vegetation on water balances. Studies are made of sources of water throughout the country, which is covered with a network of gaging stations. The Institute investigates water sources for projects upon request. Forecasting in hydrology is another activity. Short­time forecasts, up to 3 days, and longtime forecasts, up to 4 months, are made. ·

Since this is the country's center of hydrologic studies, development of instruments and techniques for use in the field laboratories is carried on here.

Dr. Kondratiev described briefly his studies, including field tests, of hydrodynamic problems of river flow, such as erosion and sedimentation. He alluded to his work on the theory of turbulent diffusion. A larger part of his work is devoted to predicting behavior of rivers after structures are completed and determination of principles of sediment transport. He mentiorted a theory that waves in flowing water causing pressure variations at the pervious boundary tend to move particles of soil. He said he had completed some of the analysis of data pertaining to this theory. He also mentioned his work on computation of energy losses in turbulent flow, and his observations that losses occur mostly at the bound­ary of movable beds and that maximum loss is on the bottom on medium size riffles; that is, the energy losses occur due to the water entering and flowing out of sand, such as wave energy dissi­pation in beaches. These studies were first carried on in labora­tories, then verified by field studies.

Some discussion developed on the topic of river flow at bends. The Institute has accumulated some qualitative data but little quantitative data. Reference was made to their publication River Bed Formation issued in 1959. Dr. Kondratiev expressed the opinion that the theory of reflection on curves is more nearly valid than the theory of secondary currents (Prandtl).

He also spoke of studies of wave effects in reservoirs 30 to 40 kilometers long; waves 3. 5 meters high have been observed. It was stated that this Institute has published curves showing the relationship of wind velocity to wave height and methods of com­puting potential erosion with respect to time. Ten different kinds of soils for reverse filters under revetments were studied.

Papers of this Institute, up to about 10 a year, are published by the State Power Publishing House, Leningrad and Moscow. It was said that many data are processed by modern computing methods for

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maximum use studies. It was apparent that the staff of this Insti­tute has published a large amount of material in recent years. It was learned that government employees receive extra income at the standard royalty rate of 200 rubles per folio for papers published.

Mr. Uryvaev presented the group with one set of publications of the Institute, all written in Russian:

1. Transactions (of Institute), Paper, Research in Formation of Reservoir Banks and River Beds

2. Paper No. 6, Problems of Theory and Methods of Measuring Sediment

3. Book, River Bed Formation Processes

4. Book, Methodology--Basic Methods of River Bed Process Inveshgahon

5. Paper, Manual for Calculation of Bank Formation on Hydroproject River Reservoirs

Mr. Tiffany offered to have the staff at Waterways Experiment Station examine Items 1, 2, 3, and 5 and to arrange for trans­lations of those papers believed to be of interest and value to American engineers. I brought Item 4 to the Bureau laboratories because of our interest in the subject. Two of our staff read Russian well enough to assess the contents in relation to our interest.

Mr. Galochkin and Mr. Volfberg arranged for us to attend the circus on Thursday evening. On Friday our time was fully occupied by a tour of Leningrad, a trip through the large art museum, The Hermitage, formerly the Czar's winter palace, and attendance at the Cinerama theater, which presented a travelogue of the U.S. S. R. The picture presented views of Russian life and offered a promise of continued improvement for the future.

Representatives of the staff of three Leningrad institutions visited entertained us at a banquet on Friday night; about 20 were in attendance. Dr. Proskuriakov was host and Mr. Galochkin was master of ceremonies. Dr. Proskuriakov again entertained with a luncheon at his apartment on Saturday prior to our departure Saturday evening for Helsinki. Mr. G. B. Ginsbourg and Mr. Skladnev of his staff also accompanied us to the airport. As usual, Mr. Galochkin and Mr. Volfberg assisted greatly in passport and customs procedure. While waiting for boarding time, our Soviet

41

friends asked questions pertaining to our personal lives, such as about families, homes, and working conditions. They seemed willing also to discuss their own background, expecially Messrs. Volfberg, Galochkin, and Ginsbourg, who speak English well.

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J VISIT TO HYDRAULIC LABORATORIES

IN VICINITY OF PARIS, FRANCE, AND LONDON, ENGLAND September 25- 27, 1961

Central Hydraulic Laboratory

The laboratory is located at Maisons-Alfort, a southeast suburb of Paris. It is easily accessible from downtown Paris via the underground railway and a short taxi ride. The laboratory was founded by Mr. Jean Laurent as a private venture in 1939. It received financial assistance from the French Government in 1946 and the present laboratory was opened in 1948. Mr. Laurent, President and General Director, was away on business the day of my visit. Mr. P. Gerlier, Assistant Director of the laboratory, explained in general terms the program of the lab­oratory and then introduced me to Mr. Henri Milli ere, a retired captain of the French Navy, and now head of the laboratory hydrologic work in connection with laboratory investigations. Mr. Milliere showed me the work being performed in the labo­ratory and told me of some of the studies for other countries.

The laboratory appears to specialize in harbor models and wave problems. The technical staff includes 6 hydraulic research engineers, 6 to 8 student trainees from foreign countries, 8 women technical assistants and over 20 mechanics. One engineer was reported to be on assignment in Chile assisting in establish­ing a hydraulic laboratory.

Under study were harbor problems for Tangiers, Casablanca, and a harbor in Israel. A study for a harbor at Pointe Noice, Congo, started before that country gained its independence, is being continued. The difficulty encountered in the harbor is that sand is brought in by waves and littoral drift thus gradually filling the harbor. A similar problem is being studied for the harbor at Majungo, Madagascar. A tidal estuary study involving salinity intrusion and sediment transport was demonstrated. The model was being adjusted for roughness to verify field conditions. The instrumentation seemed to be of high order. It was noted that "sausages" of wood fibre were used as wave dampeners.

In the Le Douchet tidal beach problem, ground bakelite was being used as material for a movable bed. The laboratory has developed electronic instrumentation for automatically recording the wave patterns in harbor studies. Other European laboratories engaged in such studies have purchased units from Central Hydraulic Laboratory.

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Figure 27. Central Hydraulic Laboratory, Maisons­Alfort, France; Dr. J. Valembois, Technical Director, l eft, and Mr. Maguilvy, staff engineer, standing in laboratory cou rtyard . Administration building in background. 9- 25- 61.

Figure 28 . Central Hydraulic Laboratory, Maisons­Alfort, France; wooden model of early­day waterwheel-drive vegetable oil roller press . 9-25-61.

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The laboratory has a large glass-walled flume for sediment studies and a towing tank about 180 feet long and 13 feet wide.

At noontime I met Dr. J. Valembois, who was introduced as t ech­nical director of the laboratory. It was later explained that begin­ning in 1960 the Central Hydraulic Laboratory has been associated with the National Hydraulic Laboratory (Electricit~ de France) to the extent that Dr. Valembois, who is Assistant Chief of the National Hydraulic Laboratory, spends three half-days each week at the Central Laboratory.

Mr. Gerlier and Dr. Valembois furnished a 26-page report con­taining extracts of studies which have been made by the Central Hydraulic Laboratory. Also they furnished a report of a confer­ence pertaining to work conducted by the laboratory on harbor problems in South America including the countries of Brazil, Chile, Colombia, and French Guiana.

National Hydraulic Laboratory, Chatou

On Wednesday morning, September 26, Dr. Valembois made arrangements for Mr. Gruillot, who is engaged in public relations and information at the National Hydraulic Laboratory of Electricite" de France, to call for me at the hotel with a car and driver to take me to the laboratory at Chatou. Mr. Gruillot is a former officer of the French Navy. He said that the staff at Chatou totaled about 200, including 75 engineers and scientists, 100 assistants and workmen, and 25 office personnel.

The laboratory is located on an 11-acre island in the Seine River at the west outskirts of Paris. All laboratory studies are carried on in large modern buildings providing wide areas of clear floor space, under specially designed thin-arch roofs. Up to the present over 2. 5 acres of floor space are devoted to river and harbor work; this space is being increased by about 30 percent by an additional modern reinforced concrete arch roof building.

A separate building 400 feet long houses a sediment channel, a variable slope flume, and a wave flume. The cavitation laboratory, sedimentation laboratory, photographic services, and a well­equipped shop are located in adjacent buildings.

The work of the laboratory consists of experiments on scale models for general design of structures, machinery, and equipment, and

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Figure 29. Central Hydraulic Laboratory, Maisons­Alfort, France. Main laboratory hall devoted predominantly to wave and harbor studi es. 9-25-61.

Figure 30. Central Hydraulic Laboratory, Maisons­Alfort, France. Model of air-regul ated siphon, the only hydraulic structure being studied at the time of visit. 9- 25-61.

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mentation for hydraulic measurements is an indispensable impor­tant part of their work. The laboratory staff has special units dealing in hydrology, statistical data analysis, and analogs. Men­tion was made that computer services in downtown Paris are used for involved problems of data analysis.

The most prominent studies seen were those relating to river and harbor problems and studies of hydraulic machinery.

In the first category were movable bed model studies of estuaries, model studies of harbors involving location of breakwaters, stud­ies of surges, etc., and studies of bed movement in tidal estu­aries. Design studies are being made or have been recently com­pleted of dam spillways, stability of banks, surges in pipelines, effect of waves on submerged pipelines, sediment transportation, and effect of river structures on the regime of streams.

Of special interest was the fact that the laboratory has been using a mixture of sand and pumice as bed material in an effort to reduce the model scale, from 1:60 to 1:100, in the Rhone River study, for example. Also, ground apricot nuts with specific gravity of 1. 0-1. 3 have been used in riverbed problems involving suspended as well as bed load.

Great emphasis is now placed on the study of pumps and turbines. Seen under test was a 1: 14 model of a low head turbine assembly which included a synchronous electrical unit and draft tube. The purpose of the test program is to determine the model scale rela­tionship for low head tests. The diameter of the runner appeared to be about 18 inches.

Also under test was a 1: 11 scale model of a combination pump­turbine unit being studied in connection with the prospective Rance tidal power project in France. The new instrumentation being installed in the laboratory test stand control room was very impres­sive. Instrument panels indicated that simultaneous transient phenomena such as pressure, turbulence, and velocities would be indicated and recorded in such a form that data could be quickly converted to a form acceptable for analysis by modern computer methods.

In discussing several fields of hydraulics of interest to this labo­ratory and the Bureau, Dr. Valembois mentioned that he had recently prepared a bibliography of literature on aerodynamic models which included papers prepared by Russian engineers translated into French. He gave me a copy of four such reports,

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Figure 31. National Hydraulic Laboratory, Chatou, France. The laboratory is located on an island in the Seine River, West of Paris.

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Figure 32. National Hydraulic Laboratory, Chatou, France. Architectural model of hydraulic machinery section of the Laboratory. Advanced equipment is being installed for study of hydraulic transients in pumps and turbines . 9-26-61.

Figure 33 . National Hydraulic Laboratory, Chatou, France. Studies of wave problems in harbors are conducted with wave machines, adjustable for direction, ampli­tude, and frequency of waves. Wave data are recorded electrically by instruments on bridge in foreground . 9-26-61.

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noted in Appendix 7, which are of inte r est in connection with the study being made on the effect of roughnesses of concrete surfaces. Also, he gave me a copy each of five reports on their work in using radioactive isotopes in hydra uli c measurements.

Dr. Valembois has made a compreh ensive study of the Gibson method of measurement of flow in closed conduits. In his labora­tory s tudies, he found that the accuracy attained was within 0. 7% of true calibration, the data being averaged by the method of least squares. He indicated that his field studies showed that compar­able results could be a ttained in field tests under ideal conditions, which are rare, according to his estimate. In addition to the hydraulic laboratories, there are other laboratories on the island, including one for nucl ear research, bringing the total employment to 500.

I gained the impression that the laboratory has drawn heavily on graduates from the University of Grenoble for its staff. This has had its effect in the exceptionally high technical standards and quality of work being conducted for clients with a wide variety of problems.

In breadth of interest and quality of instrumentation this laboratory ranks with the best among the laboratories I visited in Europe. Staff members of this laboratory presented three papers at the IAHR Convention.

Hydraulics Research Station, Wallingford, England

I visited this laboratory in the company of Mr. Barry Rydz, engi­n eer of the firm , Binnie, Deacon and Gourl ey, consulting engineers. Mr. Rydz worked in the Bureau Laboratory in 1951 and 1952 and has a keen interest in hydraulic research.

The Researd, Station at Wallingford, 40 miles west of London, is one of 14 research laboratories of the Department of Scientific and Industrial Research of England.

The administration building is a fine two-story residence on the Howbery Park estate. During the war, the estate was taken over by the government as troop quarters. Later in the war it was a Polish refugee camp and in the early 1950 's it was used for the establishment of a hydraulic laboratory.

Hydraulic research at this station is limited to open channel con­ditions encountered in civil engineering. The scope of such research includes surface-water hydrology, design studies of hydraulic structures such as dams and appurtenances, problems

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of floods--including study of revetments, channels, embankments and other flood relief measures, sediment transport, shoaling on estuaries, and coas tal engin eering problems including beach erosion and littoral drift.

As at the National Hydraulic Laboratory at Chatou, France, the Wallingford laboratory has recently been enlarged. The large laboratory building covers an area of 90,000 square feet; a new extension now under construction will give it another 21,000 square feet. Two wave basins were covered with an attractive wooden structure last year.

Mr. Fergus Allen, director of the laboratory, was a visitor to the Bureau Laboratories in 1959, following the IAHR Convention at Montreal. He arranged for us to see a motion picture in color entitled The Ways of Water produced by the Wallingford Laboratory and completed this year. It is an excellent film which describes concisely the functions of the laboratory, the staff, equipment, and the generai approach to the solution of open-channel-type problems. It runs about 25 minutes.

The staff consists of 40 engineers and scientists, approximately 70 technical assistants, administrative personnel and about 70 mechanics and workmen.

I was given a tour through the various sections of the laboratory. The laboratory "halls" are spacious, with high ceiling and clear floor space--no columns. Workmanship on the models was excel­lent. Most impressive was the quantity and quality of the instru­mentation used on all of the models seen under test.

The Station has developed a water level recorder which indicates the levels directly or transmits them to a pen-recorder or to an instrument which actuates an electric typewriter. Similarly, equipment has been developed to record water temperatures simul­taneously in a numb~r of points in a river water recirculation model study. In the laboratory we saw a network of nine such temperature recorders in operation in a --river model study. The instrument known as the bed-level plotter is a very effective labor­saving device in recording progress of movable bed model studies. As the probe traverses the bed of the model it is automatically kept a small fixed distance above the bed and the vertical move­ments it has to make to achieve this are reproduced on a chart, thus reproducing the profile of the bed.

This laboratory has developed a miniature propeller current meter and electrical counter for use in model studies with low velocities,

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Figure 34. Hydraulics Research Station, D.S. I. R., Wallingford, England. Gateway to grounds of the Station which covers many acres. 9-28-61.

Figure 35. Hydraulics Research Station, D.S. I. R., Wallingford, England. Seen is instru­mentation for intermittent, automatic recording of water temperatures at nine stations in a model study of river water recirculation near a powerplant. 9-28-61.

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has been widely used and is now in commercial production. The Bureau of Reclamation Laboratory has one. The early models of the meter were calibrated in a circular towing flume. I was told that future models will be calibrated in a straight flume now under construction.

Peter Ackers, one of the principal scientific officers of the station, discussed his recent work on hydraulic head losses in sewers and pipe joints, published in a 1961 issue of the Journal, Institution of Civil Engineers. The technique of using radioactive isotopes in flow measurement was tried in some of this work. We discussed the Bureau study of hydraulic head losses in large lined canals, which interested Mr. Ackers greatly. In view of his extensive work in the field of resistance of fluids flowing in channels and pipes he indicated he will review his published work to determine whether there is any clue to the experience disclosed in losses in large canal sections. Mr. Ackers' work in this field was published as Hydraulic Research Paper No. 1 of the Wallingford Laboratory in 1958. The paper was accompanied by charts for the solution of the Colebrook-White equations now being increasingly accepted, particularly in closed conduit flow. He also referred to the pub­lished work of Colebrook, Aging Effects in Tunnels published in the Journal, Institution of Civil Engineers, in September 1958. Mr. Ackers plans a stopover in Denver, possibly in December, and there may be an opportunity for further discussion of this topic at that time.

Mr. Allen provided me with a copy of his report of the laboratory activities for 1960, which also includes the report of the Hydraulic Research Board which reports to the Council for Scientific and Industrial Research. The Board recommended, in view of the fact that many models studied at the laboratory require extensive floor space, and a saving in floor space and costs might be achieved if a small reduction in scales of some models could be made, that basic research into optimum scales for models of various types be carried out. Interestingly, Mr. Gruillot at the National Hydraulic Laboratory, Chatou, mentioned the same con­cern by the management of that laboratory. The Board also stressed the need for further basic research of flow measurement by means of weirs and flumes for accurate measurement of river discharges over a wide range of flows.

I was impressed by the detail and quality of work being carried on at this laboratory.

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Figure 36. Hydraulics Research Station, D.S. I. R., Wallingford, England. Water stage recorder developed and produced by the Station; it indicates water levels directly or transmits them to recorder, or to an electric typewriter. 9-28-61.

Figure 37. Hydraulics Research Station, D.S. I. R., Wallingford, England. Current meter circular rating flume for miniature meters developed at the Station. 9-28-61.

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Figure 38. Hydraulics Research Station, Wallingford, England. Hydraulic demonstration model of spillway study; chart explaining model. 9-28-61.

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Figure 39. Hydraulic demonstra­tion model is located in hallway of Head­quarters Building. Model is operabl e by visitors. 9-28-61.

Hawksley Hydraulic Laboratory, Imperial College, London

This laboratory is best known for the important work of Professor C. M. White and C. F. Colebrook, now with the firm Binnie, Deacon and Gourley, on friction factors in closed conduits. Unfor­tunately, Professor White was not in his office the day of my visit, September 29. However, Mr. Minton of the hydraulics department and Mr. Peter 0. Wolf gave me an extensive tour of the Labora ­tory. Mr. Wolf has a very high regard for the Bureau of Reclam­ation work in the West. This opinion was gained during his year at Stanford University two years ago. He visited the Bureau Laboratory on a stopover and is greatly appreciative of the cour­tesies and explanations of Mr. Peterka. He was impressed with the method of work assignments and individual responsibil'ity in the Bureau Laboratory. Dr. White has evidently made several important studies that have not been published. An example is the work he did on development of baffles in fish ladders to main­tain uniformly turbulent water with constant velocity. Also seen in the laboratory was a study of concentric cylindrical perforated grids to achieve velocity profiles of certain desired character­istics in pipe.

Professor Hardwicke, formerly of th.e University of Toronto, demonstrated a hydraulic model with which he is studying the structural vibr3.tions of a slide gate in a closed conduit. When completed, the results of this study will be of interest to the Bureau.

A new and larger laboratory now under construction will be occu­pied next year, and will relieve the overcrowded conditions of the existing laboratory. It will undoubtedly permit a greater volume of higher level fluid mechanics research of which the staff is cap­able.

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GENERAL OBSERVATIONS

IAHR Convention

The Yugoslavia organizing committee for the IAHR Convention did a commendable service to the Association in providing unique and comfortable meeting facilities under very difficult circum­stances. The engineers of Yugoslavia supported the convention especially well with resp ect to registration and travel involved. Preprinting of papers, although a problem because of language barriers, was handled adequately.

A significant feature of the program was a series of 42 papers on hydraulics problems for computers, the first of this nature in the 26-year history of the Association. A large majority of the papers were written and presented in English. The younger Russian engineers used English; the older engineers used French, which is the other official languagE of the Association.

It is believed that much of the best hydraulic research being per­formed throughout the world is being reported through IAHR. This is evidently true even of research in Russia, where we learned that publication of papers adds to the prestige, income, and priv­ileges of the researcher.

Throughout the course of the convention and tour I had numerous inquiries about the present-day Bureau program and current hydraulic research. These inquiries indicate a high regard for our work and many inquiries were made of the possibility of Bureau research reports being made available on a much broader scope than is now the policy which restricts distribution mainly to ins ti tutiOJ/lS. Significantly, engineers from the lesser cteveloped countries\.are greatly interested not only in our reports of research of broad application such as monographs, but also on specific design studies because many of them have had little or no such experience. I had the opportunity to discuss current research problems and interests with others. Among the topics were: water measurement with radioactive isotopes and other tech­niques, low-velocity air as the fluid medium for a variety of tests, and stability of electronic instrumentation in measurement of hydraulic transients. Sources of information derived from these discussions will be passed on to individuals concerned.

Visit to U.S. S. R.

The United States' five-man party of hydraulic research engineers was accorded very generous considerations throughout the 12-day visit in the U. S. S. R. The Russian Government provided us with

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two English-speaking engineers, one with the rank of chief engineer of a department of a ministry. We were permitted free discussions and were taken where we asked to go within time limitations insofar. as I could observe. I was given about 20 pounds of papers, books, and publications, all of recent date.

We were extensively entertained--two ballets, two circuses, a cinerama and a farewell banquet.

The research seen on this tour indicated that their laboratories are similar to other laboratories in general. Their use of aero­dynamic models for a wide range of problems and their .imagina­tive use of analogs was impressive. The large laboratories at Moscow and Leningrad have been in existence for a great many years and are very active, and are wanting for space. It is under­stood that a new hydrodynamics laboratory will be dedicated at Novosibirsk in Siberia in 1962. Discussions indicated that the new institutions will undoubtedly employ advanced techniques found in some French, English, and American laboratories. We became aware that the Soviet Laboratory publications, especially their annual abstracts, have tremendous value to engineers throughout the Soviet Union; also, that they have an advantage over us in ability to read English, French, and German, whereas we are likely to know English only. Several laboratories have concerted programs for gathering hydraulic information from the field, mak­ing possible laboratory-prototype verification studies in such diffi­cult specialties as sediment transport.

Analysis of data gathered from all over the world, together with that procured in their own country, is apparently stimulating some original thinking by Soviet engineers who are now writing more papers for publication, thereby increasing their income and privilege.

The Soviet laboratories seemed eager to arrange official exchanges of unclassified technical reports. Like all professional people, the Soviet hydraulicians are very friendly and it is believed that we all have much to gain by increasing professional contacts.

French and English Laboratory Visits

The director and staff of each of the laboratories visited were very cordia l and wer e generous in their hospitality. All were greatly interested in Bureau of Reclamation research activities, many having visited the Denver Laboratories. The Chatou Laboratory is impressive in the scope and depth of studies being conducted. The management is pleased with the present arrangement for

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exchange of technical reports with the Bureau. The staff trans­lates a considerable volume of selected hydraulic reports from other languages.

A notable feature of the Hydraulic Research Station at Wallingford is the advanced instrumentation for laboratory and field tests.

The Hawksl.ey Laboratory will move into a new laboratory building soon and the facilities then will be in keeping with the ability of the staff, which has published much high-quality hydraulic research data.

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APPENDICES

Itinerary

Bureau of Reclamation Participation in Proceedings of !AHR

Conventions 1948-1961

Table showing memberships in !AHR by countries

Program of Ninth Convention, !AHR

Table- -Summary of Papers Presented to the Ninth Convention,

!AHR- -Dubrovnik, Yugoslavia, September 1961

List of Papers Presented at Ninth Convention, !AHR

List of Publications Acquired on Tour of Hydraulic Laboratories

of U.S. S. R., France, and England

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APPENDIX 1

ITINERARY FOR HAROLD M. MARTIN

TRIP TO !AHR CONVENTION, U.S. S. R., FRANCE, AND ENGLAND

Thu 8-31-61 Denver Washington

Fri Sept 1

Fri Sept 1

Sat Sept 2

Sun Sept 3

Fri Sept 8

Sat Sept 9

Sun Sept 10

Sun Sept 10

Mon Sept 11

Mon Sept 11

Sat Sept 16

Tue Sept 19

Sat Sept 23

Washington New York

New York

Rome

Rome

Dubrovnik

Dubrovnik

Ljubljana

Vienna

Vienna

Moscow

Moscow

Sochi

Sochi

Leningrad

Leningrad

Helsinki

Leave on United flight 710 at 11 a. m. Arrive Friendship Airport, Baltimore

6:20 p. m.

Leave on National flight 422 at 4: 50 p. m. Arrive Idlewild at 6:37 p. m. Change

planes.

Leave on Pan American flight 114 at 8:30 p. m.

Arrive at Fiumicino Airport at 11:10 a.m.

Leave on Yugoslav Airtransport flight 405 at 1:25 p. m.

Arrive at 3: 30 p. m.

Leave on Tour B--night in Split

--night at Lakes of Plitvitze

Tour end at University of Ljubljana at 8 p.m.

Leave at 11: 30 p. m. by railroad

Arrive at Sud Station at 9 a. in.

Leave on Austrian flight OS 901 at 2:10 p. m.

Arrive Sheremetyevo Airport 9:45 p. m.

Leave at 11 a. m. (air travel provided by Intourist)

Arrive at 3: 30 p. m.

Leave at 2 p. m. (air travel provided by Intourist)

f...rrive at 7 p. m.

Leave on Aeroflot. flight SU 611 at 6:40 p. m .

. Arrive at 6: 30 p. m. (Change of time zones)

61

APPENDIX 1--Continued

ITINERARY FOR HAROLD M. MARTIN

TRIP TO !AHR CONVENTION, U.S. S. R., FRANCE, AND ENGLAND

Sun Sept 24

Wed Sept 27

Helsinki

Paris

Paris

London

Sat Sept 30 London

New York

Sun Oct 1 New York

Denver

Leave on Finnish Airlines flight 853 at 8 a. m. ·

Arrive at 12:30 p. m.

Leave on British European Airlines flight 345 at 12 p. m.

Arrive at 1:10 p. m.

Leave on Pan American flight No. 1 at 5 p. m.

Arrive at 8: 30 p. m.

Leave on United Airlines flight 719 at 8:30 a. m.

Arrive at 11: 10 a. m.

62

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APPENDIX 2

BUREAU OF RECLAMATION PARTICIPATION IN PROCEEDINGS OF VARIOUS MEETINGS OF

INTERNATIONAL ASSOCIATION OF HYDRAULIC RESEARCH

Paper, Meeting Authors Place Date

The Development of High 2nd J. w. Ball and Stockholm, Sweden June 7-9, 1948 Head Outlet Valves D. J. Hebert

Some Principles of Design 4th E. w. Lane Bombay, India Jan 2-5, 1951 of Stable Channels in Erodible Materials

Some Factors Affecting 5th E. J. ,Carlson Minneapolis, Minnesota Sept 1-4, 1953 Stability of Canals Con- and E. W. structed in Coarse Lane Granular Material

Model Studies of Sediment 5th H. M. Martin Minneapolis, Minnesota Sept 1-4, 1953 Control Structures on and E. J. Diversion Dams Carlson

The Effect of Entrained 5th A. J. Peterka Minneapolis, Minnesota Sept 1-4, 1953 Air on Cavitation

Laboratory and Prototype 6th H. M. Martin The Hague, Netherlands Aug 30-Sept 6, Tests for the Investiga- and J. w. 1955 tion and Correction of Ball Excessive Downpull Forces of Cylinder Gates

. under High Heads

-------------- ---- .... - - - - - - - - ~ - - - - - - - - ··- - - - - ---------

Presented by:

Walker R. Young

L. N. McClellan

E. J. Carlson

H. M. Martin

A. J. Peterka

H. M. Martin

----------

APPENDIX 2- -Continued

BUREAU OF RECLAMATION PARTICIPATION IN PROCEEDINGS OF VARIOUS MEETINGS OF

INTERNATIONAL ASSOCIATION OF HYDRAULIC RESEARCH

Paper Meetmg Authors Place uate

Modern Equipment for 6th C. w. Thomas The Hague, Netherlands Aug 30-Sept 6, Application of Salt Vel · andR. B. 1955 oci ty Method of Dis - Dexter charge Measurement for Performance Tests

Some specialized Instru- 6th C. W. Thomas The Hague, Netherlands Aug 30-Sept 6, mentation for Solution and W. B. 1955 of Problems in Tidal McBirney Hydraulics

Hydraulic Studies of a 7th J. W. Ball and Lisbon, Portugal July 25-31, 1957 Vertical Shaft Intake J. C. Schuster to a Pressure Tunnel

Velocity, Scour and Pres- 7th C. w. Thomas Lisbon, Portugal July 25-31, 1957 sure Measurements from Three Models of the Same Structure

Cavitation and Vibration 8th J. W. Ball Montreal, Canada Aug 24-29, 1959 in a Cylinder Gate Designed for High Heads

Hydraulic Performance of 8th C. W. Thomas Montreal, Canada Aug 24-29, 1959 96-inch Regulating Gates in Closed Conduits

-------·------- 1...------------ ------------- ----------

Presented by:

H. M . Martin

H. M. Martin

C. W. Thomas

C. w. Thomas

Dan Linsten

C. w. · Thomas

---------

O')

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APPENDIX 2- -Continued

BUREAU OF RECLAMATION PARTICIPATION IN PROCEEDINGS OF VARIOUS MEETINGS OF

INTERNATIONAL ASSOCIATION OF HYDRAULIC RESEARCH

Paper Meeting Authors Place Date

Hydraulic Studies to De- 8th E. J. Carlson Montreal, Canada Aug 24-29, 1959 velop Design Criteria for Use of Steel Jack and Jetty Fields for Channelization in Rivers

Experience in Turbulence 9th H. M. Martin Dubrovnik, Yugoslavia Sept 3-7, 1961 in Hydraulic Structures and W. E.

Wagner

Use of an Electric Com- 9th C. W. Thomas Dubrovnik, Yugoslavia Sept 3-7_, 1961 puter to Analyze Data and P. F. from Studies of Critical Enger Tractive Forces for Cohesive Soils

Presented by:

C. w. Thomas

H. M. Martin

H. M. Martin

APPENDIX 3

MEMBERSHIP IN THE INTERNATIONAL ASSOCIATION FOR HYDRAULIC RESEARCH AND COUNTRIES REPRESENTED

(as of July 1, 1961) Number of Members Number of Members Individual Corporate Individual Corporate

Africa Australasia Algeria 3 1 Australia 10 8 Congo 1 0 New Zealand 5 1 Ethiopia 1 0 Tasmania 0 1 Ghana 1 0 Morocco 0 1 Europe Mozambique 1 0 Austria 3 2 South Africa 3 1 Belgium 10 4 Tunisia 1 0 Bulgaria 1 0 United Arab Rep. 10 2 Czechoslovakia 11 2

Denmark 5 2 America Finland 6 2

Argentina 13 2 France 78 1.0 Brazil 23 5 Germany 20 9 Canada 115 12 Great Britain 45 15 Chile 8 •, 0 Greece 6 0 Colombia 3 0 Hungary 0 2 El Salvador 1 0 Ireland 1 0 Mexico 12 0 Italy 28 4 Paraguay 1 0 Yugoslavia 8 2 Peru 2 0 Nether lands 37 8 Trinidad 1 0 .. Norway 2 1 U.S. A. 234 21 Poland fl 2 Uruguay 1 0 Portugal 9 4 Venezuela 19 2 Romania 4 1

Spain 3 1 Asia Sweden 10 5

Arab Union 3 0 Switzerland 9 3 Ceylon 0 1 Turkey 5 3 China 8 0 U.S. S. R. 4 1 India 77 i2 Iran 2 0 Israel 8 1 Japan 40 5 Korea 1 0 Lebanon 1 0 Pakistan 8 1 THE WORLD 931 160

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APPENDIX 4

COMITE D' ORGANISATION - ORGANIZING COMMITTEE

President President

Prof. Bogie KNEZEVIC

Secretaire Secretary

Dr. Mihallo VOJINOVIC

Membres

Dr. Geza BATA

Dr. Mladen BORELI

Ing. Stevan BRUK

Ing. Milan VUKOVIC

Members

Ing. Branimir DAMJ ANO VIC

Sekretariat de la Conference Secretariat of the Conference

jusqu' au 1 septembre till September 1 and

et apres le 10 septembre after September 10

Laboratoire d'Hydraulique -Avala

Bell Potok, srez beogradski

Yougoslavie

du 1 au 8 septembre

Centre Syndical

Dubrovnik

Yougoslavie

67

From September 1 to 8

APPENDIX 4 - -Continued

PROGRAMME

Technical sessions will be held in the Union Center (Dom sindikata) in Dubrovnik. The general lectures, the pap,ers on four main subjects and their discussion, the opening of the Congress and the business meeting will take place. in the hall. The meetings concerning the seminaries "a" and "b" and the symposium on hydraulic machinery will be held in the seminary room.

For the transportation from their hotels at Lapad and Gruz to the Union Center the congressists will have at their disposal spe­cial busses, whose time-table is given at the end of this programme.

Sunday, September 3

8.00 a. m. - 8.00 p . m. Registration of participants at

Monday, September 4

8.00 a. m. - 10.00 a. m.

10.00 a. m. - 11.00 a. m.

11.30 a. m. - 12.30 a. m.

2.30 p. m. - 6.00 p. m.

the Congress office, Union Center, and distribution of congress mate­rial

Registration of participants and distribution of material continued

Opening of the Congress During the break all the partici­pants (members and ladies) will be photographed

General lecture by Prof. Bogie Knezevic, Faculty of Civil Engi­neering, Belgrade: "Hydraulic problems of the Karst"

Hall Technical ses~ion on subject I: "Effect of turbulence on hydrau­lic structure's" Delivery of Papers and discussion Seminary room Seminary ''a": "Hydraulics of small structures in irrigation anct drainage systems"

68

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7. 00 p. m.

Tuesday, September 5

General report_.and discussion Reporter Dr. Zivko Vladisavlje­vic-Medak, professor of the Fac­ulty of Civil Engineering, Belgrade

Official reception offered by the Mayor of Dubrovnik at the Duke's Palace

9. 00 a. m. -11. 15 a. m. Hall

Technical session on subject I Final discussion Technical session on subject II: "Mechanics of groundwater flow" Delivery of papers

11.30a. m.-12.30a. m. Hall

General lecture by Prof. H. Schlichting, director of the Insti­tute for Fluid Mechanics, Univer­sity of Engineering, Braunschweig, Germany: ''Three-dimensional boundary layer flow"

2. 30 p. m-6. 00 p. m. Hall

8. 00 p. m.

Technical session on subject II Delivery of papers and discussion

Seminary room

Seminary "b": "Fundamental hydro­dynamics of unsteady flow" General report and discussion. ~eporter Dr. Jon S. McNown, dean of the School of Engineering and Architecture, University of Kansas

Evening at the Theatre: National dances performed by the Monte­negrin dancers "Njegos" from Cetinje

69

APPENDIX 4 - -Continued

Wednesday, September 6

9. 00 a. m. - 11. 15 a. m. Hall

Technical session on subject III: "Hydraulic problems for compu­ters"

Delivery of Papers

Seminary room:

Symposium on hydraulic machi­nery

General report by Dr. James W. Daily, professor of Hydraulics Hydrodynamics Laboratory, MIT, Cambridge

11. 30 a. m. - 12. 30 a. m. Hall

General lecture by Dr. Hunter Rouse, director of the Iowa Insti­tute of Hydraulic Research, State University, Iowa City: "Energy transformation in the zones of separation"

2. 30 p. m - 6. 00 p. m. Hall

Thursday September 7

Technical session on subject III Delivery of papers and discussion

Seminary room:

Symposium on hydraulic machi­nery - continued

Evening free

9. 00 a. m. - 12. 00 a. m. Hall

Technical session on subject IV: ''Modifications of natural streams by engineering structures"

Delivery of papers and discussion

70

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APPENDIX 4- -Continued

2. 30 p. rn. - 4. 00 p. m.

Seminary room

Seminaries "a" and "b" Final discussion

Hall Technical session on subject IV Discussion ·

Seminary room

Symposium on hydraulic machi­nery Final session and business meet­ing

4. 15 p. m. - 6. 15 p. m. Hall

8. 00 p. m.

Business meeting

Closing banquet at the hotel "Excelsior" terrace

71

© CENTR SYND1CAL-8UREAUDUCON6RE.<;

UNION CENrER-rHE OFFICE OF T/.IE CONVEN­r,oN.

@ PALAIS DUCAL - DUKE'S DdLACE

@ rHEATRE - rHEATRE VILLE llNCIENN£ - OLD Cl Tv

MAP OF THE TOWN OF DUBROVNIK CARTE GEOGRAPHIQUE DE DUBROVNIK

72

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SUMMARY OF PAPERS PRESENTED TO THE NINTH CONVENTION INTERNATIONAL ASSOCIATION FOR HYDRAULIC RESEARCH

DUBROVNIK, YUGOSLAVIA--SEPTEMBER 1961

Theme 1 Theme 2 Theme 3 Theme 4 Turbulence Hydraulic ;::;treams and Total

Country in Hydraulic Groundwater Problems for Engineering for Structures Computers Structures Country

England 1 2 3 Canada 1 1 U.S.A. 6 1 5 1 13 U.S. S.R. 1 1 1 2 5 Austria 1 1 2 Czechoslovakia 7 6 3 16 France 1 3 18 4 26 Greece 1 1 Hungary 3 5 3 11 India 3 1 1 5 Japan 1 1 2 1 5 Mexico 1 1 Romania 1 2 2 5 Sweden 1 1 1 3 Poland 2 2 Yugoslavia 1 7 1 2 11 Uruguay 1 1 Netherlands 1 4 5 Germany 1 1 2 Pakistan 1 1 Norway 1 1 Israel 1 1 2 New Zealand 1 1 Switzerland 1 2 3 Turkey 1 1 Italy 1 2 3 Belgium 1 1 Denmark 1 1

27 36 42 27 Lni

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APPENDIX 6

ASSOCIATION INTERNATIONALE DE RECHERCHES HYDRAULIQUES

INTERNATIONAL ASSOCIATION FOR HYDRAULIC RESEARCH

NEUVIEME ASSEMBLEE GENERALE-NINTH OONVENTION

Dubrovnik

du 4 au 7 septembre

1961

Memoires selon les themes principaux Memoires selon les seminaires

Papers according to the main subjects Papers according to the seminaries

75

September 4 to 7

REGISTRE DES MEMOIRES PAPER REGISTER

APPENDIX 6

THEME 1

Effets de turbulence sur des constructions hydrauliques The effect of turbulence on hydraulic structures

1. N. V. Chandrasekhara Swamy Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore, India rrTurbulent Flow in Open Channels"

2. N. S. Govinda Rao, N. Rajaratnam Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore, India "On the Inception of Air Entrainment in Open Channel Flowsn

3. Praxitelis A. Argyropoulos Bureau for Hydrologic Research, Athens, Greece "The hydraulic jump and the effect of turbulence on hydrau­lic structures. Contribution to the research of the phe -nomenonn.

4. 0. Gyorke Laboratory of the Research Institute for Water Resources, Budapest, Hungary "Energy Dissipation in Protected Beds Downstream of Divers Barrages in the Case of Shallow Stilling Pools"

5. I. V. Nagy

6.

Research Institute for Water Resources, Budapest, Hungary ninvestigations into the Distribution of Suspended Sedi­menf'

E. Razvan Institut de Recherches Hydrotechniques, Bucarest, Roumanie "Etude de l'~coulement macroturbulent en aval des uateurs de crues"

I evac-

7. J. J. Levy Institut Scientifique des Recherches Hydrotechniques Leningrad, URSS "Effet dynamique d'un courant a haute turbulence sur des ouvrages hydrauliques et sur le lit des rivieres"

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APPENDIX 6- -Continued

8. Gerrit H. Toe bes Hydraulic Engineering, Purdue University, Lafayette, Indiana, USA "Hydroelastic forces on hydraulic structures due to turbu­lent wake flows''

9. Rex A. Elder Hydraulic Laboratory Norris, Tennessee, USA "Model- -Prototype turbulence scaling"

10. T. E. Unny Indian Institute of Technology, Kharagpur, India "The Spatial Hydraulic Jump"

11. Jiri Kalis Institut de recherches hydrotechniques, Brno, Tchecoslo­vaquie "Diminution de la turbulence derriere le ressaut"

12. Petr Horeni Hydraulic Research Institute, Prague, Czechoslovakia. "Pressure fluctuations in the mixing chamber of an ejector"

13. Karel Haindl, L. Dolezal Hydraulic Research Institute, Prague, Czechoslovakia "Turbulent pressure fluctuations in a complex hydraulic structure"

14. Jean Pantelopulos Institut de Recherches Hydrauliques, Prague, Tchecoslo­vaquie "Influence de la turbulence sur la repartition de la force tractrice entre les materiaux d'un fond mobile"

15. Pavel Novak Hydraulic Research Institute, Prague, Czechoslovakia "Influence of bed-load passage on scour and turbulence downstream of a stilling basin"

77

APPENDIX 6 - -Continued

16. Jozef Prochazka Hydraulic Research Institute, Bratislava, Czechoslovakia nThe effect of Turbulence on Current Meter"

17. Harold M. Martin, William E. Wagner Bureau of Reclamation, Denver, Colorado, USA "Experience in turbulence in hydraulic structures"

18. Z . Szigyarto Research Institute for Water Resources, Budapest, Hungary ''Effects of Turbulence on the Calibration Accuracy of Hydraulic Structures"

19. F. E. Perkins, P. S. Eagleson Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge 39 Massachusetts, USA "A total head tube for the Broad-Band Measurement of turbulent velocity fluctuations in water"

20. J. W. Daily, J. D. Lin, R. S. Broughton Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge 39 Massachusetts, USA "Turbulence and static pressure in relation to inception of cavitation"

21. S. Angelin, K. Flagestad Swedish State Power Board, Alvkarleby, Sweden "Vibration of Arched Stop-Logs Immersed in Streaming Water"

22. Anton Grzywienski Vienna Institute of Technology, Vienna, Austria "The effect of Turbulent Flow on Multi-section Vertical lift Gates"

2 3. Mikio Hino Technical Laboratory Central Research Institute of Electric Power Industry, Tokyo, Japan ''On the mechanism of self-aerated flow on steep slope channels. Applications of the statistical theory of turbu­lencen

78

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24. Jaroslav Cabelka, Tibor Horsky Ecole Polytechnique a Bratislava, Tchechoslovaquie "Contribution a l'etude de l'amortissement de l'energie cinetique d'un courant d'eau sur le deversoir de hautes barrages et de la charge du radier"

25. Fred R. Brown Waterways Experiment Station, Vicksburg, USA "Fluctuation of control Gates"

26. Zivko Vladisavljevic-Med~k Institut des eaux "Jaroslav Cerni", Beograd, Yougoslavie "Quelques aspects quantitatifs du mouvement turbulent"

27. R. Curtet, F. Ricou Laboratoires de Mecaniques des Fluides de l'Universite de Grenoble, France "Influence des conditions a l'entree de la chambre sur les caracteristiques moyennes et de turbulence d'un jet de revolution en presence d'une vitesse ambiante dans une chambre cylindrique''

79

APPENDIX 6 - -Continued

THEME 2

Mechanique des courants d'eaux souterraines

Mechanics of groundwater flow

1. D. V. Joglekar, S. D. L. Luthra Central Board of Irrigation Power, New Delhi, India nuplift pressures below Hydraulic Structures on stratified, permeable foundations"

2. R. 0. Bullen Ministry of works, Wellington, New Zealand "An Electrical Analogue Investigation of the Standpipe Field Permeability Test"

3. J. Zeller Hydraulic Research and Soil Mechanics Laboratories, Zurich, Switzerland "The significance of aquifer porosity in non-steady seepage flow with free surface"

4. J. Zaoui SOGREAH, Grenoble, France "Determination des caracteristiques hydrodynamiques des milieux poreux"

5. A. Preissemen, R. Brepson, M. L. Clement SOGREAH-Grenoble, France "Ecoulement en milieu poreux de profondeur finie sous un radier protege a l'amont et a l'aval par des ecrans d 'etancheite"

6. S. Yalin, L. Franke . Bundesanstalt fur Wasserbau, Karlsruhe, Germany "Experimental Investigation of the Laws of Filter Flow"

7. Vitalie Pietraru Institut de Recherches Hydrotechniques, Bucarest, Roumanie "Contributions a l' etude des infiltrations non permanentes au niveau libre"

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8. H. A. Weggel Stone and Webster Engineering Corporation, Boston, USA rrMechanics of ground-Water flow through lava bed Area Adjacent to a Reservoir"

9. S. Shima The department of civil engineering university of Tokyo "On the so - called diffusion phenomena of seepage flow"

10. G. Karadi, I. V. Nagy Research Institute for Water Resources, Budapest, Hungary rrinvestigations into the Validity of the Linear Seepage Law"

11. V. I. Aravin Scientific Research Institute of Hydro-Engineering, Leningrad, USSR "Experimental Study of Percolation through regions influ­enced by raising of Ground Water table due to Hydraulic Structures"

12. M. Szalay University for structural and communication engineering Budapest, Hungary "Effects of incomplete sheet pilings and impermeable aprons on filtration flow under pressure"

13. Jean Benetin, Otto Misut Hydraulic Researche Institute, Bratislava, Czechoslovakia rrDetermination of the permeability of anisotropic soil"

14. L. Bernell Swedish State Power Board, Stockholm, Sweden ''Non-Stationary, Groundwater Flow Through Embankments''

15. Aasmund Tveiten River and Harbour Research Laboratory of NTH, Tron­dheim, Norway "Water Flow through Peat"

81

APPENDIX 6- -Continued

16. G. Ollos Institute for Hydraulics Technical University, Budapest, Hungary ninvestigation into Boundary Conditions of seeping systems and their smallest Flow Cross-Sectionir

1 7. Frantisek Slepicka Hydraulic Research Institute, Prague, Czechoslovakia rrThe Laws of Filtration and Limits of their Validity"

18. Frantisek Slepicka Hydraulic Research Institute, Prague, Czechoslovakia "Hydraulic function of a cylindrical well in an artesian aquifer with regard to new research on flow through porous medium"

19. Vaclav Zajicek Hydraulic Research Institute Praha, Czechoslovakia rr Application of the hydrological method for the evaluation of non-permanent flow of alluvial ground water"

20. Miroslav Knezek Hydraulic Research Institute, Praha, Czechoslovakia "Determination of the Seepage Capacity of Infiltration rP.servoir at finite depth of an impermeable base"

21. K. Ubell Research Institute for Water Resources, Budapest, Hungary rrvertical-velocity curve for ground-water flow by small gradient"

22. S. Irmay Israel Institute of Technology, Haifa, Israel •runsteady flow through porous materials"

23. Lj. Suklje Universite de Ljubljana, Yougoslavie "Facteurs gouvernant les gradients critiques dans la base d' exc avationtr

82

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24. Giorgio Noseda Instituto di Idraulica e Costruzioni Idrauliche del Polite­cnico di Milano, Italie "Ecoulement d 'infiltration a tr avers un barrage en terre sur alluvions perrneables"

25. B. Mijatovic _ Institute "J. Zujovic 11

, Beograd "Some characteristics of the hydraulic mechanism of the underground waters in dissolution fractures and channels of the calcareous rocks"

26. W. C. Bischoff van Heemskerck "Rijkswaterstaat 11

, Nether lands "Investigation of excess water-pressure under the asphalt facing of sand cored dykes"

27. Kazim <;eS'.en Technical University of Istanbul - Turkay 11Seepage onto the slopes in isotropic and anisotropic soils 11

28. G. Ollos Institute I for Hydraulics, Techn. University, Budapest, Hungary "Possibilities of Model Investigations into Water Move­ments Occuring in Fissured Rocks 11

29. S. Gerber, D. Manry Laboratoires d'Hydraulique, Toulouse, France "Etude experimentale des phenomenes superficiels en milieu poreux"

30. M. Boreli, D. Batinic Faculte du Genie Civil, Belgrade, Yougoslavie "Consideration sur la loi non-lineaire de filtration Repar­tition des vitesses au voisinage du point de sortie"

31. M. Boreli Faculty of Civil Engineering, Beograd, Yugoslavie D. Jovasevic Institute for developement of Water Resources, Bgd., Yugoslavie "Clogging of the Porous Media"

83

APPENDIX 6- -Continued

32. Milan Vukovic Institut des eaux, Belgrade, Yugoslavie "Methodes de traitement des ecoulements dans un milieu stratifie"

33. Boleslaw Kordas Ecole Polytechnique de Cl?acovie (Pologne), en stage au Laboratoire d'hydrauliqu~ de l'Universite de Belgrade "Contribution a 11 etude des puits a drains rayonnants II

34. Vaclav Halek 1

Institut Scientifique de .Recherches Hydrotechniques Uni­versite Technique, Brno, Tchecoslovaquie "La simulation des processus natureles et leur utilisation dans la solution des regimes des courants d'eau souter­raines dans des regions ~tendues"

35. J. A. Grcic Civil Engineering Department, University of Zagreb, Yougoslavie "Model test of steady flow toward a well"

36. Vladimirescu I., Lates M., Institut de Recherches Hydrotechniques, Bucarest, Roumanie "Recherches experimentales sur la filtration en regime non-permanent, avec application aux digues et barrages en terre"

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6.

:APPENDIX 6- -Continued

THEME 3

Problemes hydrauliques pour les machines a calculer Hydraulic problems for computers

Armando Balloffet, Arnold Kupierman Tippett~Abett-McCarthy - Stratton, Engineers and Architects, New York, USA "Surges due to partial blockage of a tailrace tunnel 11

R. M. Advani Engineering College, Jodhpur, India "Importance of Electronic Computers and Similar other devices in the field of Hydraulic Engineering"

Nathaniel J. Kendall San Jose Water Works, California, USA "Analysis of Pipe Networks by electronic digital com­puters 11

R. Sabljak, W. H. Doran International Power and Engineering Consultants Limited Vancouver, B. C. Canada "Hydraulic analysis of a double surge shaft system by digital computer"

A. Preissmann, J. Cunge SOGREAH, Grenoble, .!?ranee "Calcul des intumescances sur machines electroniques"

D. Normand SOGREAH, Grenoble, France "L 'electronique au service de l 'Hydrologie"

7. E. Biro SOGREAH, Grenoble, France "Etude du coup de belier dans des conduites a caracteri­stiques multiples"

8. F. Gohin SOGREAH, Grenoble, France rrEtude des denivellations des courants dus a la maree"

85

APPENDIX 6 - -Continued

9. F. Bies el, B. Ranson SOGREAH, Grenoble, France "Calculs de diffraction de la houle"

10. J. Zaoui SOGREAH, Grenoble, France "Quelques applications des ordinateurs aux problemes d' ecoulements souterrains"

11. B. Ranson SOGREAH, Grenoble, France "Calcul des ecoulements irrotationnels a symetrie cylin­drique"

12. George Bugliarello Carnegie Institute of Technology, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA "Toward a computer language for hydraulic engineering"

13. J. E. Nash Hydraulics Research Station Wallingford, Berkshire, England "A linear transformation of a discharge record"

14. G. N. Gvazava Hydrotechnical Laboratory "TNISGEI ", URSS "Application the electronic analog computer for calculation of unsteady flow in conduits and Surge Tanks of Hydro­electric plant(:,"

15. Taizo Hayashi Chuo University, Tokyo, Japan "Water hammer in qifurcating pipe-lines"

16. Tojiro Ishihara, Yasuo Ishihara Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan "Runoff Analysis by Analog Computer 11

17. Charles W. Thomas, Phillip F. Enger Bureau of Reclamation, Denver, Colorado, USA "Use of an electronic computer to analyze data from studies of critical tractive forces for cohesive soils"

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18. J. van den Berg Ingenieurs - en Architectenbureau, Nijmegen, Roland "Calculation of run off from rainfall figures"

19. G. Pistilli, G. Savastano University of Naples, Italy "The study of level' s oscillations in cylindrical surge tanks with the digital differential Analyzer of the University of Naples"

20. P. Canisius, F. K. Rubbert Bundesanstalt fur Wasserbau, Karlsruhe, Germany "The Application of Electronic Computers to the Predic­tive Calculation of River Tides"

21. C. L. Thirriot Laboratoires d 'Hydraulique, Toulouse, France "Etude des intumescances en valeur adimenstionnelles"

22. C. L. Thirriot Laboratoires d 'Hydraulique, Toulouse, France "Etude theorique des phenomenes pneumatiques dans une galerie de fuite d 'usine souterrainne"

23. J. Piquemal Laboratoires d 'Hydraulique, Toulouse, France "Application de l 'analogie electrique a l' etude des surpres­sions dans les conduites forcees a caracteristiques multi­ples 11

24. M. T. Guyot, J. Nougaro, C. L. Thirriot Laboratoires d'Hydraulique, Toulouse, France "Etude numerique des regimes transitoires dans les canaux"

25. R. Bonnefille, F. Voyer Laboratoire National d'Hydraulique, Chatou, France "Calcul de la propagation de la maree dans une zone cotiere"

•

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APPENDIX 6- -Continued

26. J. Faure, N. Nahas Laboratoire National d 'Hydraulique, Chatou, France "Deux probl~mes de mouvements non permanents a sur­face lib re resolus sur ordinateurs electroniques 11

27. M. de Vries Delft Hydraulics Laboratory, Netherlands "Computation of Boundary Conditions of a River Model with Movable Bed 11

28. M. de Vries Delft Hydraulics Laboratory, Netherlands uComputations of Grain-Sorting in Rivers and River Models"

29. G. Thibessard Universite de Liege, Belgique "La simulation du coup de belier sur calculatuer nume­rique 11

30. F. Biesel SOGREAH, Grenoble, France "Optimisation de la recette d 'une usine maremotrice 11

31. F. Biesel, P. Arnaud SOGREAH, Grenoble, France "Recherche de la repartition economique des diametres dans un reseau de distribution ramifie"

32. G. Ransford B. Ranson SOGREAH, Grenoble, France "Reglage de la frequence par une Centrale hydroelectri­que comportant un canal d 'amenee a surface libre"

33. M. Bouvard, J. Zaoui SOGREAH, Grenoble, France "Determination du mouvement des materiaux en ecoule­ment turbulent (suspension et decantation) sur machines electroniqUeS II

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34. J. Murillo SOGREAH, Grenoble, France "Application d'un ordinateur a un probleme de Chambre d'Equilibre"

3 5. H. van Wijngaarden, R. P. Sijbesma Netherlands Rijkswaterstaat, Arnhem, Netherlands ttComputations of water levels at high Discharges along the main dikes of the river Rhine and its branches in the Netherlands"

3 6. Romulo Pasquali, Giorgio Rossi Societa Adraiatica di Elettricita, Venezia, Italie "Resolution de problemes hydrologiques par le calculateur ele ctronique It

37. H. Mogens Jensen Swedish State Power Board, Stockholm, Sweden "Statement of some methods for calculation of head losses at channels, back-waters and canals used at the Swedish State Power Boardtt

38. L. Borel Ateliers de Constructions Mecaniques de Vevey, Suisse "Etude generale de l'ecoulement de l'eau en regime var­iable dans une conduite de section variable"

3 9. Luc Bonny Ateliers de Constructions Mecaniques de Vevey, Suisse "Determination pratique des parametres hydrauliques fondamentaux d 'une turbine"

40. Enzo Oscar Macagno and Matilde Macagno Iowa Institute of Hydraulic Research, USA "Pressure wave analysis for variable length of a fluid column''

41. Torben Sorensen, Ian Larsen Coastal Engineering Laboratory, Denmark "Hydraulic calculation of Strom Flood Levels in Connected Shallow Basins with Special Reference to the Limfhord, Denmark''

89

APPENDIX 6- -Continued

42. Geza L. Bata Civil Engineering Department, University of Beograd Petar B. Madi ch Institute for Automatization and Telecommunication "Mihailo Pupin", Beograd, Yougoslavie "General Solution for Multiple Surge-Tank Systems worked out repetitive differential Analyzer"

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THEME 4

Modifications de courants naturels causees par des ouvrages Modifications of natural streams by engineering structures

1. Z. Hanko Research Institute for Water Resources, Budapest, Hungary "Investigations to determine the necessary Length of the Lining Following the Stilling Basins of the Bottom Drops on Small Water Courses"

2. L. Muszkalay Research Institute for Water Resources, Budapest, Hungary "Effect of pumping plant on the flow conditions of the river"

3. A. H. Blyskowski Warszawa, Poland "Modification of natural streams by Engineering Struc­tures"

4. W. Kresser Universite Technique de Vienne, Autriche "Influence d'injection de liqujdes sur le courant d'eau autour d'une pile"

5. E. Levi, H. Luna Laboratorio Hidraulico, Tecamachalco, Mexico "Dispositifs pour reduire l'affouillement au pied des piles de pont"

6. R. P. Farleigh Hydraulics Research Station Wallingford, Berkshire, England "Channel - Movements resulting from construction of new bridge abutments at Conway, N. Wales"

91

APPENDIX 6 - -Continued

7. Al. Maruta Institut d'Etudes et Recherches Hydrotechniques, Bucarest, Roumanie . L'effet des retenues a seuil sur les modifications des lits des rivieres 11

8. S. Hincu, I. Lupu Institut d'Etudes et Recherches Hydrotechniques, Bucarest Roumanie "Sur la similitude des affouillements locaux en aval des constructions hydrotechniques"

9. 0. J. Maggiolo Facultad de Ingenieria u Agrimensura Montevideo, Uruguay "Etude sur modele reduit de l'erosion du lit rocheux en aval du deversoir du barrage de "Rincon del Bonete"

10. A. K. Ananian Institut d'Energie et d'ydraulique, Armenie, USSR "Determination du profil du lit des rivieres, cree par suite de l'abaissement de la cote de leurs bases d'erosion"

11. S. V. Isbash, I. V. Lebedev The Moscow Institute of Energetics, Moscow, USSR "Change ·of natural streams during construction of hydraulic structures''

12. Tibor Hor sky Institut d'Hydrologie et d'Hydrotechnique, .Bratislava, Tchecoslovaquie "Amortissement de l'energie mecanique par collision des lames deversantes"

13. Jean Pantelopulos Institut de Recherches Hydrauliques, Prague, Tchecoslovaquie "Quelques resultats experimentaux sur l'engravement et les possibilites de degravement d'une retenue formee par un barrage en lit de riviere"

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Jaroslav Martinec, Jaroslav Urban Hydraulic Research Institute, Prari1e, Czechoslovakia 11 Flow conditions above a high dam 1

15. Walenty Jarecki Warszava, Poland "Effect of Piers on Water Streams and Bed Form"

16. L. Escande Laboratoires d 'Hydraulique, Toulouse, France "Consid~rations sur les couran~s liquides"

17. J. Valembois Laboratoire National d 'Hydraulique, Chatou, France 11Estimation de la distance de remontee du remous d'un obstacle dans une riviere en crue"

18. C. J. Posey Rocky Mountain Hydraulic Laboratory, Allenspark J. H. Sybert Standard Oil Company of Texas, USA "Erosion protection of production structures"

19. Hideo Kikkawa, Isao Akikusa Public Works Research Institute~ Tokyo, Japan "Hydraulic Behavior of the Groins in River"

20. J. S. Burgess Hydraulics Research Station Wallingford, Berkshire, England "Scour downstream of a compound measuring weir"

21. A. de Leeuw Hydraulic Laboratory, Haifa, Israel "Modifications of natural watercourses by engineering structures in desert of southern Israel"

22. Mushtaq Ahmad Abid Ali Irrigation Research Institute, Lahore, Pakistan 11 Effect of Barrages on the Regime of Alluvial Rivers of Indus Basin"

93

APPENDIX 6 - -Continued

23. L. Ivicsics Research Institute for Water Resources, Budapest, Hungary "Scale Model Investigation of Sedimentation over Reaches Lying Upstream of Barrages 11

24. L. Escande, J. Nougaro, L . Castex, H. Barthet Laboratoires d'Hydraulique, Toulouse, France II . Influence de quelques parametres sur une onde de crue

subite a l'aval d'un barrage"

2 5 . Mihailo V oj inovic Institut des eaux, Beograd, Laboratoire d 'Hydraulique d'Avala, Yougoslavie 11 Modifications des courants d'eau causees par des prises d'eau sans barrages"

26. J. Chabert, M. Remillieux, J. Spitz Laboratoire National d 'Hydraulique, Chatou, France "Application de la circulation transversale a la corection des rivieres et a la protection des prises d'eau"

27. Slavoljub Jovanovi6 Institut des eaux, Beograd, Yougoslavie "Adaptation de l'ouvrage de separation pour la protection des retenues contre ensablement"

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SEMINAIRE "A"

Hydraulique de petites constructions clans 11 irrigation et is drainage

Hydraulics of small structures in irrigation and drainage

1. D. V. Joglekar C. V. Gale Central Board of Irrigation and Power, Poona, India "Small irrigation structures in India 11

2. Fred W. Blaisdell Agricultural Research Service, Minneapolis, USA 11Structures of Generalized Design for the Conservation of Soil and Water"

3. Jiri Divis Institut de recherches des ameliorations, Praha, Tchecoslovaquie 11.A'ppareils pour me surer les eaux d 1irrigation"

4. E. Kovacic University of Ljubljana, Yougoslavia "Ways of finding the critical section 11

5. 0. Haszpra Research Institute for Water Resource$, Budapest, Hungary "Broken Planes Replacing Warped Surfaces for Transitions 11

6. Shoshiro Nagai Osaka Coty University, Osaka, Japan nDistribution of Flow Discharge and Control of Stream Direction by a Movable Gate with a Vertical Axis"

7. J. P. Kriel Department of Water Affairs, Republic of South Africa 11Multiple orifice canal off takes used on an Irrigation Scheme in South Africa''

8. Armando Fuentes Flores Secretaria de Agricultura y Ganaderia Mexico F'Analogy by viscosity 11

95

APPENDIX 6- -Continued

9. Cs. Szolnoky Chair I for Hydraulics, Technical University for Structural and Coliimunication Engineering, Budapest, Hungary "Hydraulic R esearch into the transition between Canals and Culverts 11

10. C. Advani SOGREAH, Grenoble, · France "Low Head Generation and Pumping in main irrigation canals"

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SEMIN.AIRE 11 B"

Hydrodynamique fondamentale des ecoulements a surface libre et des ecoulements non uniformes

Fundamental hydrodynamics of free surface flow and of unsteady flow

1. Resistance en ecoulement a surface libre Resistance in open channel flow

1. E. Reinius The Royal Institute of technology, Stockholm, Sweden 11 Steady uniform flow in open channels 11

2. z. Thomas Hydraulic Research Institute (VUV), Prague, Czechoslovakia 11 Dynamic similarity between circular pipes, rectangular pipes and rectangular channels during the flow of an incom­pressible liquid 11

3. J. Pantelopulos Institut de Recherches Hydrauliques (VUV), Prague, "Contribution a 11 etude de 11 ecoulement turbulent dans les canaux orthogonaux 11

4. B. Aberg . The Royal Institute of technology, Stockholm, Sweden 11 Rational Measures of conduit size and shape in Resistance Formulas for Uniform Turbulent Flow"

5. K. Flagestad Swedish State Power Board, Alvkarleby, Sweden 11 The influence of Micro- and Macro-Roughness on the Friction Losses 11

' 6. S. Angelin, P. Larsen

Hydraulic Laboratory, Alvakarleby, Sweden 11Velocity Distribution in an Earth Canal with the water Surface Free and Covered by Ice"

97

APPENDIX 6- -Continued

7. H. Rouse Iowa Institute of Hydraulic Research, Iowa City, USA J. H. Koloseus. J. Davidian, U. S. Geological Survey, USA "The role of the Froude Number in Open-Channel Resistance 11

·1

8. S. Angelin, P. Larsen Swedish State Power Board, Alvkarleby, Sweden "Measurements of the Head Losses in the Supply tunnel at Kilforsen Power Plant 11

II. Courbes de remous Backwater curves

1. Yoshiaki Iwasa Faculty of Engineering, Kyoto, Japan "Hydrodynamic Significance of One - Dimensional Method of Hydraulic Analysis for Free Surface Flows 11

2. R. Amaftiesci, L. Dogaru Institut de Recherches Hydrotechnique, Bucarest, Roumanie "Surles methodes pour le calcul des courbes de remous 11

3. K. Rohan Hydraulic Research Institute, Bratislava, Czechoslovakia "The: use of Pavlovsky 1s Exponential Function in the Equa­tion of Non-uniform Continuously changing Flow in Pris­matic channels 11

4. L. Dogaru, R. Amaftiesci Institut de Recherches Hydrotechnique, Bucarest, Roumanie "Une m~thode graphique gen~rale de calcul de 11 ecoulement non permanent a surface libre''

III. Transitions dans les canaux Channel Transitions

1. Th. H. Kristensen Vattenbyggnadsbyran (VBB), Stockholm, Sweden "Transition in Flume with an almost Critical Slope"

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2. L. Castex, F. Sananes

3.

4.

5.

6.

7.

8.

IV.

1.

Laboratoire d 'Hydraulique, Toulouse, France "Etude de l'ecoulement au-dessus de barrages a large seuil"

M. Kozak, J. Svab Laboratory of the Hydraulics Department, Budapest, Hungary "Laboratory Tests of Staggered overfall Weirs "

V. Laco Hydraulic Research Institute, Bratislava, Czechoslovakia "Influence of the Height of the Fixed Crest of a Movable Crest weir on its Discharge Capacity"

S. Hincu Institut de Recherches Hydrotechnique, Bucarest, Roumanie "Considerations theoriques sur la cinematique des courants a surface libre dans la zone de ramifications"

N. S. Govinda Rao, K. R. Pattabhiramaiah, N. Rajaratnam Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore, India "On branch channel flow"

D. Dimitrescu, V. Ionescu Academie de la R. P. Roumanie, Bucarest, Roumanie "Contribution a l 1 etude des mouvements lents et rapid es sur les deversoirs a mince paroi"

J. Mamruth Universite de Buenos-Aires, Argentine "Contractions en canal trapezoidal en regime supercritique 11

Ecoulement a surface libre Free Surface Flow

Shu-T'Ien Li Consulting Hydraulic Engineer, Mobile, Alabama, USA "Synthesizing Hydraulic Formula from Its Parameters Purely by Dimensional Analysis and Matrix Calculus"

99

APPENDIX 6- -Continued

2. J. Komara Hydraulic Research Institute, Bratislava, Czechoslovakia ''Experimental study of Flow in Side-channel Spillways"

3. F. Abecasis Laboratorio Nacional de Engenharia Civil, Lisboa, Portugal A. Quintela Instituto Superior Tecnico, Lisboa, Portugal "Problems of hydraulic ''hysteresis" in permanent free surf ace flow" ·

4. J. Sumbal Hydraulic Research Institute, Bratislava, Czechoslovakia "Solution of a sharp curve of a wide Chute for Highly Supercritical Flow"

5. M. Koz.ak Laboratory of the Hydraulics Department, Budapest, Hungary "Remarks on unstaedy flow computation"

6. A. Preissmann SOGREAH, Grenoble, France "Sur les ecoulements a surface libre aux grands nombres de Froude " ·

7. Melle S. Dalmayrac, J. Nougaro Laboratoires d 'Hydraulique, Toulouse, France "Etudes sur les deversoirs lateraux"

V. Ondes Waves

1. A. Puzanov Institut de l'Hydrodynamique de l 1Academie des Sciences, Prague, Tch~coslovaquie "La distribution des vitesses et la forme des ondes positives ou du ressaut ondule dans les canaux decouverts"

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2. b. Staroslovszky Research Institute for Water Resources, Budapest, · Hungary "Field investigation on positive and negative artificial waves 11

3. P. Gabriel Hydraulic Research Institute, Bratislava, Czechoslovakia "Experimental Research of Surge Waves in Laboratory Test-Flume Having Adjustable Bottom Slope" ·

4. P. Gabriel Hydraulic Research Institute, Bratislava, Czechoslovakia "On the Question of Determining the Maximum Height of the Front of Positive Surge Waves 11

5. H. J. Schoemaker Waterloopkundig Laboratorium, Delft, Netherlands "Second-order effects in progressive surface waves"

VI. Ecoulement non permanent Unsteady Flow

1. M. Leskovar Institut za elektroprivredu, Zagreb, Yougoslavie 11 Determination des exigences d I exploitation a satisfaire par les cheminees d'equilibre"

2. K. Haindl Hydraulic Research Institute (VUV), Prague, Czechoslovakia 11 Solution of a Pneumatic Tank in Water Supply"

3: V. Sotornik Hydraulic Research Institute (VUV), Prague, •Czechoslovakia 11 Device for a fully automatic operation of complicated river models with unsteady flow"

101

APPENDIX 6- -Continued

4. M. Guelton, P. Sevin Electricite de France, Region d 'Equipement Hydraulique Alpes III, Marseille, France 11Fonctionnement en eclusees du canal industriel de Basse­burance11

5. N. A. Kartvelichvili Institute de Recherches Hectroenergetique de l 'URSS "Principes de l'hydraulique des ecoulements non perma­ne~ts a surface libre et en chargeir

6. Jo S. Mc Nown, Y. S. Yu University of Kansas, Lawrence, USA "Analyses of run-off from paved surfaces"

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2.

3.

4.

APPENDIX 7

LIST OF PUBLICATIONS ACQUIRED ON TOUR OF HYDRAULIC LABORATORIES

IN U.S. S. R., FRANCE, AND ENGLAND

Stalingrad Hydro-electric Power Station- -A collection of short articles under the editorship of Doctor of Technical Science A. V. Mikhaylova, published by the Ministry of Construction of Power Plants, Union of Project Investigations and Scientific Research Institute of Hydro-Projects, in the name of S. Y. Zhuk--253 pages, Hydraulic Design, Moscow, 1961.

Studies of Structures and Facilities of Hydro-Electric Power Stations- -A collection of works, No. 35, Moscow Institute of Civil Engineering Construction, (Department of Develop­ment of Water Power). Publication of Supreme and Central Ministry of Special Equipment, U.S. S. R., 150 pages, pub­lished by State Power Publishing House, Moscow and Leningrad, 1961.

Transactions of Hydro-projects, 5th collection, Laboratory Research and Field Observations at the V. I. Lenin Hydro­Electric Plant on the Volga - -under the editorship of Engineer B. E. Sevast'ianova. A publication of Ministry of Construc­tion of Power Plants, Union of Project Investigations and Scientific Research Institute of Hydro-Projects, 205 pages, Hydraulic Design, Moscow, 1961.

Bulletins of the All-Union of Scientific Research Institute of Hydraulic Engineering, Volume 67, issued by the Ministry of Construction of Electric Power Stations, U.S. S, R., 18 bulletins, 270 pages, State Power Publishing House, Moscow, Leningrad, 19 61 .

5. Modeling of Hydraulic Phenomena, I. I. Levi. 210 pages, State Power Publishing House, 1960.

6. Certain Recommendations on the Struggle Against Local Scour Downstream of Hydraulic Structures--(Data on Observatfo,·-;_. in Nature), F. G .. Goon'ko, issued by the Ministry of Con­struction of Electric Power Stations, All- Union Scientific Investigations Institute. 55 pages, State Power Publishing House, 1961.

103

APPENDIX 7 - - Continued

7. Catalogue of Publications, issued by Ministry of Construction of Power Plants, U.S. S. R. All-Union Scientific Research Institute of Hydraulic Engineering, Leningrad, 1961.

8. Irregular Flow of Water in Natural Waterways, N. N. Petrunechev, issued by Ministry of Construction of Electric Power, U.S. S. R., Technical Information, All Soviet Scientific Investigations Institute. State Power Publishing House, Moscow, Leningrad, 1960.

9. Methodical Principles of Investigation of River Bed Processes, I. V. Popov under editorship of N. Y. Kondrat'eva, issued by Chief of Government Hydrometeorologists of Service to the Council of Ministers, U.S. S. R. Hydrometeorologist Publish­ing House, Leningrad, 1961. (Russian)

10. Pamphlet--Tbilisi Research Institute of Structures and Hydraulic Power Engineering; U.S. S. R., Ministry of Power Station Construction. (English)

11. Pamphlet, Khram No: 1 Hydroelectric Station, U.S. S. R., Ministry of Power Station Construction. (English)

12. Pamphlet--Khram No. 2 Hydroelectric Station, U. S, S. R., Ministry of Power Station Construction. (English)

13. Pamphlet- -The Krasnoyarsk Hydroelectric Station, U.S. S. R., Ministry of Power Station Construction. (English)

14. Pamphlet--V. I. Lenin Hydroelectric Station on the Volga River, U.S. S. R., Ministry of Power Station Construction. (English)

15. Pamphlet- -The Sevang-Razdan Cascade of Hydroelectric Stations (English)

16. Pamphlet- -Giumoush Hydroelectric Station on the Razdan River

17. Pamphlet--Hydroelectric Power Plant, 450, 000 kw

18. Pamphlet--Novosibirsk Hydroelectric Power Plant, Novosibirsk Council of National Economy (English)

'

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19. Pamphlet- -Development of Hydropower in the U.S. S. R., issued by the Ministry of Construction of Power Stations, U.S. S, R. (Russian)

20. Pamphlet- -The Brotsk Hydroelectric Powe r Plant, Ministry of Construction of Power Stations, U.S. S. R. (Russian and English)

21. Pamphlet- -Mengechaurskaya Hydroelectric Project, (Russian)

22. Pamphlet- -Kamskaya flydroelectric Project, (Russian)

2 3. Pamphlet- -Bratsk Hydroelectric Power Plant, (Russian)

24. Extrait de la Liste Des Etudes Realisees Par le Laboratorie, Laboratoire Central d'Hydraulique de France, Maisons-Alfort, France. (French)

25. Problemes Portuaires En Amerique Latine, M. Jean Laurent, President Directeur General du Laboratoire ,Central d'Hydraulique de France. (French)

26. Memento d'Hydraulique Pratique, Laboratoire National d'Hydraulique, J. Valembois. A collection of examples of various hydraulic principles which have been studied in the laboratory. Extensive bibliography, exercises. (French)

27. Folder of leaflets descriptive of the wide variety of hydraulic research bein'g performed by the National Hydraulic Labora­tory, Chatou. (French)

28. Liste des Tires a Part, Centre de Recherches et d' Essais de Chatou. A list of over 200 papers published by the various members of the staff of the National Hydraulic Laboratory 1948-1959. Table of subjects, table of authors. (French)

29. Emploi de Traceurs Radioactifs Pour l 'Etude du Transport Solide dans les Cours d' eau, P. Jaffry and M. Heuzel, National Hydraulic Laboratory. Paper prepared for Inter­national Ass 'n for Scientific Hydrology, Helsinki, 1960. (French)

105

APPENDIX 7- -Continued

30. Emploi de traceurs radioactifs dans l'Etude de mouvements de sediments sous l'effet de la houle et des courants, G. Forest and P. Jaffry, National Hydraulic Laboratory. Paper presented at Seventh Convention of IAHR, Lisbon, 195 7. (French)

31. Utilisation des Traceurs Radioactifs pour l'Etude des Mouvements de Sediments Marins, J. Germain, G. Forest, and P. Jaffry. Reprint from the Proceedings of the Sixth Conference on Coastal Engineering. (French)

32. The application of radioactive isotopes to study of motion of silt and pebbles in the rivers and in the sea, R. Hours and P. Jaffry. Reprint from La Hou11le Blanche, May 1959. (French)

33. L'Etude du Transport Littoral par 1a Methode des Traceurs Radioactifs, Pierre Jaffry and Richard Hours. Reprint from Cahiers Oceanographiques, July-August, 1959. (French)

34. Les Essais Sur Mod~les Reduits de Turbines Hydrauliques, an informal paper of the National Hydraulic Laboratory describing model studies of turbines being carried on at Chatou. (French)

35, Translation No. 553- - National Hydraulic Laboratory, Chatou: Application de l 'Analogie Aerohydrodynamique dans l'Etude des Constructions Hydrotechniques, Stanislas Juniewcz and Jan Aulich. Abstract from Archiwum Hydrbtechniki, Polska Akademia Nauk, vol. V, fasc. 1, 1958, p. 21-36, 11 fig., 2 ref.

36. J'ranslation No. 627, National Hydraulic Laboratory, Chatou, Etude de Quelques Problems Hydrotechniques en Soufflerie a Air, M. Kahan and S. Hincu. Abstract from Revista Hidrotechnica, No. 1, 1958, p. 9-15, fig. 1-14, and No. 2, 1958, p. 58-60, fig. 15-17.

37. Translation No. 778, National Hydraulic Laboratory, Chatc,- ._ L'lftude des Cours d'Eau sur des Modeles Aerodynamiques, La Structure Des Ecoulements d'Eau a l 1Air Libre, V. M. Makkaveev. Abstract of the Izdatelstvo Akademia Nauk. U.S.S.R., Moscow, 1959, p. 137-145, 2 tables, 2 referenc,=S,

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38. Translation No. 779, National Hydraulic Lab9ratory, Chatou, Emploi des Modeles Aerodynamiques dans l 'Etude des Cours d 'Eau, N. P. Guiliarov. Abstract from Izdatelstvo Akademia Nauk. U.S. S. R., Moscow, 1959, p. 146-152, 4 fig., 1 table, 1 r e fe rence.

39 . Translation No. 780, National Hydraulic Laboratory, Chatou, Problemes Divers Concernant les Modeles Aero-Dynamiques en Charge de Cours d 'Eau, V. M. Liatkher and A. M. Proudovskii. Abstract from Izdatelstvo Akademia Nauk. U.S. S. R., Moscow, 1959, p . 15 3-170, 9 fig., 1 table, 14 ref.

107 GPO 8 52031

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