Renewable Energy and

Conservation

Chapter 13

Direct Solar Energy

Solar energy distribution over the US

Direct Solar Energy

Heating Buildings and Water

Passive solar heating

Direct Solar Energy

Heating Buildings and Water

Passive solar heating

Direct Solar Energy

Heating Buildings and Water

Active solar heating

Direct Solar Energy

Solar Thermal Electric Generation

Direct Solar Energy

Photovoltaic Solar Cells

Direct Solar Energy

Photovoltaic Solar Cells

Solar shingles

Direct Solar Energy

Generating Costs of Electric Power Plants (2004)

Direct Solar Energy

Solar-Generated Hydrogen

Solar energy

PV or wind generated electricity

Electrolysis of water

Solar generated hydrogen

Combustion of hydrogen

Usable energy

Compression of Hydrogen for storage and

transport

Direct Solar Energy

Solar-Generated Hydrogen

Indirect Solar Energy

Biomass Energy

Also possible to convert biomass to biogas or to liquids (methanol, ethanol).

Indirect Solar Energy

Advantages:– reduces dependence on fossil fuels– lower level of pollutants

• Disadvantages:– high land and water use– potential for deforestation / desertification

• Biomass Energy

Indirect Solar Energy

Wind Energy

Indirect Solar Energy

Hydropower

Indirect Solar Energy

Impacts of Dam

• changes natural flow of rivers

• disrupts migratory fish patterns

• reservoir-induced seismicity

• potential dam breaks

Hydropower

Indirect Solar EnergyOcean Waves

Insert Fig 13.11 a, b (note animation)

Indirect Solar Energy

Ocean Thermal Energy Conversion

Warm water (ocean’s surface)

Liquid ammonia

Heats Ammonia Steam

Drives turbine

Generates electricity

“Spent” Steam

Cold water (ocean’s depth)

Cools

Other Renewable Energy Sources

Tidal Energy

Geothermal

Energy

Other Renewable Energy Sources

Tidal Energy

Geothermal Energy- Geothermal Energy from Hot, Dry Rock

- Heating and Cooling Buildings with Geothermal Energy

Energy Solutions:Conservation and Efficiency

Provide examples that differentiate between energy conservation and energy efficiency

Energy Solutions:Conservation and Efficiency

Energy Consumption Trends and Economics

If economic growth continues in developing countries, these numbers will change.

Energy Solutions:Conservation and Efficiency

• Energy Efficient Technologies

Compact fluorescent light bulbs

Condensing furnaces

“Superinsulated” buildings

Energy Solutions:Conservation and Efficiency

Energy Efficient Technologies

National Appliance Energy Conservation Act applies energy efficiency standards to modern appliances

Energy Solutions:Conservation and Efficiency

Energy Efficient Technologies

Cogeneration Fuel Input

GeneratorElectricity

Industrial Processes

Heating Buildings

Heat Recovery

Hot Water Heating

Additional Electricity

Energy Solutions:Conservation and Efficiency

Energy Efficient Technologies

Energy Savings in Commercial Buildings

Energy Solutions:Conservation and Efficiency

Energy Efficient Technologies

Energy Savings in Commercial Buildings