Renaissance Rebirth! Renaissance Period c A.D. Renaissance is the French word for rebirth. refers to the explosion of learning associated with the invention of the printing press and subsequent rediscovery of ancient scholarly texts. Johann Gutenberg and the Printing Press c. 1450 The Gutenberg Bible Leonardo da Vinci Prominent northern Italian painter, sculptor, architect, engineer, and physiologist. Typifies the Renaissance Man in his mastery of many disciplines. Leonardo da Vinci Perspective Study Leonardo da Vinci The Last Supper Leonardo da Vinci Anatomical Study Leonardo da Vinci Homo Vitruvianus (Vitruvian Man) Leonardo da Vinci La Joconde Mona Lisa Leonardo da Vinci Diagrams for a flying machine Michelangelo Buanorotti Prominent northern Italian sculptor and painter. Considered himself a sculptor first. On orders of the Pope, painted the ceiling of the Sistine Chapel at The Vatican in Rome. Michelangelo Buanorotti Sistine Chapel Ceiling Creation Sistine Chapel Interior Sistine Chapel Exterior Michelangelos David William Shakespeare Prominent English writer of poetry and plays during the reign of Queen Elizabeth l (Elizabethan Period). Excelled at both comedy and tragedy. Noted for portrayal of the most profound aspects of human nature. William Shakespeare Prominent English writer of poetry and plays during the reign of Queen Elizabeth l (Elizabethan Period). Excelled at both comedy and tragedy. Noted for portrayal of the most profound aspects of human nature. Nicolaus Copernicus Church canon (cleric), physician, jurist, and astrologer. Proposed theory of heliocentric (sun centered) universe, which eventually overturned the traditionally held geocentric (earth centered) universe theory. Nicolaus Copernicus Church canon (cleric), physician, jurist, and astrologer. Proposed theory of heliocentric (sun centered) universe, which eventually overturned the traditionally held geocentric (earth centered) universe theory. Martin Luther German Catholic priest who initiated the Protestant Reformation when he nailed his protests to the selling of indulgences to the Wittenburg Castle Church door. Martin Luther Believed strongly in the educational and ethical power of music to affect listeners in positive ways. Thought his congregation should sing in unison, with one united voice. Martin Luther Composed hymns in German. Advocated use of the vernacular in worship, opposing the Catholic practice of conducting worship universally in Latin. Listening: Martin Luthers Ein Feste Burg ist Unser Gott (A Mighty Fortress is Our God). Example of early Protestant hymn. King Henry Vlll Established Protestant church in England with his Act of Supremacy in 1534, a response to the Popes refusal to allow his divorce from his first wife Catherine. Eventually had six wives. King Henry Vlll Accomplished musician, author, and poet. According to legend, he wrote the popular folk song Greensleeves. Giovanni Pierluigi da Palestrina c Attained some wealth as a furrier and by marrying a wealthy widow. The most famous representative of the Roman School of Renaissance polyphonic choral music. Giovanni Pierluigi da Palestrina c Legendary evidence of the examination of his music in a general review of music writing by the Council of Trent. Whether or not the legend is true, his style became a model for Catholic choral writing. Giovanni Pierluigi da Palestrina c Listening: Kyrie Eleison from Missa Papae Marcelli (Pope Marcellus Mass). Example: Late Renaissance polyphony. The Kyrie Eleison is a section of the Mass, a Catholic worship service. Giovanni Gabrieli c Late Italian Renaissance / early Baroque composer especially noted for work in Venetian polychoral style. Antiphonal music. Cathedra l de San Marco Venice, Italy Giovanni Gabrieli c Listening: Canzon in Double Echo. Example: Cori Spezzati (Venetian polychoral style), antiphonal music. Cori Spezzati Literally divided choirs. Also called polychoral style. Choirs, vocal or instrumental, at opposing ends of chamber perform antiphonally (echoing style). Madrigal A form of secular choral music of the Renaissance. Featured polyphonic part singing and special vocal techniques. Featured word painting. Word Painting The practice of illustrating words with music, common in Renaissance madrigals and motets. Motet A form of sacred choral music of the Renaissance. Sacred counterpart of the madrigal. Thomas Weelkes English Renaissance composer. Especially noted for composition of English madrigals. Thomas Weelkes Listening: As Vesta was from Latmos Hill Descending (1601). Example: English madrigal, word painting. Michael Praetorius Born February 15, 1571 Michael Shultze Studied Divinity at University of Frankfurt Organist at Marienkirche in Frankfurt Kapellmeister at Wolfenbuttel Court Saxon Court at Dresden Michael Praetorius Listening: La Bouree from Terpsichore Example: Renaissance Dance