[Issued with Army Circulars, October 1872.]

II E 0 U L A Tf 10 N S

FOR

GUNPO WDE R MAGAZINES

iNCLU1)1~(,

RULES

FOR TIIR

IIECEITION, CONVEYANCE, SIOIL\CE, CLASSIFICATION. ANI)EX~MINAIlONOF CUNPO\VI)EIi ANI) AMMUNiTION.

/V

LONDON:PRiNTED FOR HER MAJESTYS SIATrONEIIV OFFICE,

By hA I~BISON AND SONS,J>rifl((rc in Oithnary to JIrr ~1TQ)(S/!/.

1872.

IN CIIARGI~

LIST OF CONTENTS.

PAGZI. Charge of Magazines 3

XL Precautions against Fire 5

III. Ventilation of Magazines 0

IV. Care and Stowage of Gunpowder 8

V. Cooperage 9

VI. Examination and Classification of Gunpowder 10

VII. Laboratory Operations 15

VIII. Conveyance of Ammunition and Gunpowder by Land 17

IX. Conveyance of Ammunition and Gunpowder by DepartmentalVessels 19

X. Gunpowder Vessels at Woolwich 21

3~UNPO~1DER MAGAZINE REGULATIONS.1~kNTROLDEPARTMENT.

CHARGE OF MAGAZINES.

1. AtJIO~I~~~rationsthe premises in ~vhich G unpowder is storedwill be watched by a warder and guard by day, aii(I by a militaryguard with civil watchmen din jug the night. At li)reign stationsthe civilian warders and watelinien arc not usually icquil,e(l, thewatching being performed by military sentries.

2. rIllie guard will be visited by au Officer by day, mmd also,when practicable, by night. A copy of time guard report will 1)0furnished every morning to the Control Officer in charge by theOfficer commanding the troops.

3. The Control Oluicer in charge at home stations will occa-sionally inspect time Police, \Varders, or Watchmen, to see that theyare on the alert and doing their duty.

4. The Police, Warders, Watchmen, and Sentries will not per-mit any 1)e1sOulS but such as are employed in the service of theDcpartiiment to cuter the magazines or enclosures. All the outergates will be kept shut, and 110 artificer, labourer, or other personwill be allowed to I)ilSs during the working hours without leavefrom the Control Ollicem in charge.

5. The Police, Warders, Watchmen, and Sentries will notallow any smoking or fire near the magazine, laboratory, or shiftingrJOun, nor will they suffer any l)C1~011 to come within the outergates who has the least appearance of iuitoxicatiOll. They wilLilmmImlcdiatCI% secure ammvonc gufl tv of any of these oflences, andTCI)ort the circumstance to time Control Oflicer iii charge.

6. Any pers~iiin the employ of the 1)cpartinent who may l)Cdeteete(l sumiokimig in any part of time gulullowuler works, uumagazilles,or laboratories, or l)riumging tobacco p pes, or lucifer matches, intotIme prcmnises, will be iunniediatelv dismissed.

7. ~fl1~ night sentinels will strike on their respective bellsevery quarter of au hour; and every sentinel who does not heartime bell next to him struck will re

1)ort the fiuct to his Non-Coni

missioned Officer, on being relieved.

S. No shrubs or cultivation wlma~ever will he allowed in or nearmagazine yards, nor arc any animals to have access to them.

9. The Control Officer in charge will not absent himself for anight from time Magazines without authority.

10. The Control Oflicer will superintend all operations ~vhmiehiarebeing carried on by time flireumiemi, labourers, amid others under hisorders, and see that the whole of the (lutics arc properly conducted.

411. On no oeeasioui will strangers imave access to a lmmagaziumc

without time attendance of a Control Ollicer, or foremnaum, whose(inty it will be to take care tlmat all persoums entering have attendedto time necessary precautions, and that they have no articles of acombustible nature jim their l)0~c~iofl.

12. Time foreman ~vjhIl)e prcseumt when time labourers arrive intime morning, lie will unlock time (loom of time magazine, opemi timeshutters, aimd, wlmemm time weather pemnmits, opcmi time wimmdows aimdairholes for time purpose of ventilation.

13. TIme foreman will keep a regular daily entry of all receiptsand issumes, amid make the nceessamv alteratiomms in time tallyboardsattacimed to time bays jul time magazine.

11. Time foreman will remain at time magazine duriuug time workimig Imours, and on no account leave it, unless ordered to do so bysuperior authority.

15. The foreman and labourers will always wear during timeworking hours, in iilace of timeir ordinary clothing, time dress p~escriber! and fuinisimed by tme War .Department, viz., Jacket ofLasting Cloth, r1~rouse1.sof Oxford Cloth, mmd Plain Blue Glengarry, to be supplied by time Director of Clothing on application.They will change their shoes in time shoehouse, mid never appear attime magazine 1mm amiy otimer than those prescribed by timese rcguhttiomis. LSee ~. is.]

16. Particular care will lie takemm timat time shutters to timewindows or air-holes to time 1)o\m(leI magazilieS and storehouses iieopened every fine day ; and, wimen tlmey are open, a person willalways be in charge omm the spot. All tlme wiumdows amid doors of timemagazines will be well secured every evening bcfcre the iiightguard is set.

17. The forermian will cl6se amid bar time slmuttcrs amid airholes;and on lcavimmg work he will see that everything is secure, lock timedoors, and make his report to time Control Officer ill charge, withwhom lie is to deposit tlme keys.

18. The several persons whose duty obliges them to go into timemumagazines, will ilivariably cxcimaimge their shoes for magazimmeslippers before they enter, or else enter without shoes. Care willbe taken to provide a sufficicmmt supply of either golosimes or SiiI)persof suitable sizes, fitted with straps amid brass buckles to fasten overtime instep, so as to prevent sliding or simuflling along time floors orplatforms.

19. Wlmen there is an outer wall to time magazine, time door init, on any person entering, will be shut before that of the magazineis opened; and time inner door of time magazine simut before theouter one is opened on his going out.

20. The floors of time magazines, shifting rooms, and passages,will be well swept, arid kept free from mmli gravel, sand, or grit;mmd prcviolmsiy to time rcnmoval of powder, time roilingways 811(1stages will also be carefully watered.

S21. ~litefollow 11mg regulmmtioim eontaiumed in paragraph 4 of timeenclosure to War 0111cc Circular No. 198, dated 7tii November,1859, imas been extemmded to Ilommme Statioums :

Iii order to secure time best mmmutual intelhigeumee betweendepartments wimieh in somne respects are depcmudemmt on ommeaumotimcr, and a kumowiedge of each otimers wants and resources, it

is desirable thuat time Olhicer Comnnmmumding time liovah Artillery,time Comnmmmandiumg itoyal Emugiuecr, auud time Coimtrohlcr simould,

Omm(C a year, or oltemmem if lmecessarv, make a conjoint inspectioim of time works, ummgaziumcs, stores, workshops, &e., of mull timeir

departmnemmts, not as it board 01 with any view to a joiumt rcI)ort, but timat iieitlmem should imave any excuse Im imot imeimig 1memsommahly acquaimmtcd with amuytlmimmg that time immtercst of tIme Service mcqmmiles

hmini to know jim time 1)epamtmemit of time mthuer. mmn(l for time oppomtimmmitv that WO~ml thins 1)C afforded to each of c:mhhi umg

attcmitiomm oim time spot to requirements whicim it may be time dcpartmemital duty of time others to kumow.

22. Minutes recordiumg these immspectiomms, and mum~depart nm(mmtalactiomm takeim in commsequemmee tiiemcof, will be entered ill books tobe ke1)t for that Puml)oSe by time Officer Counumuamuding RoyalAmtillcmv, time Commammdimmg Jtovai Emmgimmecr, and tIme Controllerrespectively. Time Seumior Inspeetimig Olhiecr will report to timeG encrmml Olhicer Comm.mmnanding, previous to lmis mmmkimig his Auminm~mlInspection Report, that sueim immspections hmave i)ecii ummade, stmmtilmgtime dates thereof, and also time names of time Oflieers mmttemmdiumg.

II. PRECAUTIONS AGAINST FIRE.

23. Time Police, \Varders, \V atelminemm , amid Scumtrics, will heparticularly attentive to time least :mppe;miaim(e of a st ormmm, amid 0mmhmcari ng time first clap of thmumumder or seeing a Ilasim of light mmimmg,thmommgim time stormmi may be at a great distance, they will immmmmmediatelv give aim alarm by rimmgimmg time bells at tlmeir imosts mummi timeCoumtrol Oflicer, or lumagaziume keeper, as time case mmm:mv i)e, Ohimeariuug such aharm, will imme(iimmtel cause all time magazine doorsamid ~viimdo~vsto be slmuit, amid rise every lmrccautiolm necessary forthe safety of the mmmmmgaziume.

2-1. When sumcim mmlarmmm hmas becmm given, it will he time duty ofevery peisouu in time e mum Imloy of time I)ci mart mmmcm it, wi m (timer 011 01, tulIduty, immediately to repaim to the ofliec to rendcu sumehu servicesas may be mequiierh of imimmm by time Coumt mol Ohlicer iii clmamgc.

25. Time same preeammtioums will he adopted iii time cvcmmt of mummyfire breaking out in time neigimbourimood ol time ummmmgmmzimies.

26. All time lights on time premises occupied by the forenmen,artifleers, and labourers attacimed to time statiouu will be cxtinguisimemlat half-past teim P.M. ; except iii cases of sickness, winch arc tobe reported to time Commtrol Officer in charge.

27. No percussion caps will be kejmt iii auiy magazimme, shmiltimighouse, or other bimildimmg where aim) ummmumi inml~mtiomm (if gllmmlmow(i(rtakes place ; but all sumphms caps, either loose ot in zinc cylinders,will be place(l in a secume store by tlmcmmsclves.

628. The fire-engines, engine hose, ladders, fimc-hmooks, &e.,will be kept jim perfect repair, and so lodged that they may at alltimes be ready and fit for use.

29. Time persorm in charge of time magazine shmoul(h know-perfectly time arrangement amid whereabouts at each article so as tohe able to fimmd it at ommec in time darkest imight.

30. The Comitrol Officer in charge will hue imel(l reS1)onSible timattime cisterns are kept commstantly full of water, for time security ofthe magazine, and thmat time several pumps amid higimtning conductomsare kept in proper repair and time wells full. Should any of thesetimings become defective, a requisition will immediately be madeon time Royal Emmgimmeer Dcpartmeimt for time repairs to be performed.

III. VENTILATION OF MAGAZINES.

31. Filled cannon cartridges hmavirug been destroyed by mildewin a Imiagazimme whiich had been reported fmce from damp, timeSecretary of State for War directs that particular attemition mayinvariably be paid to time ventilation of all magazimmes.

32, A memorandum explanatory of time principics Oil wimicimtime ventilation of magazines is to i)e regulated is printed intime Appendix (see page 23). Local instructions based on timeseprimmeiples, will l)e prepared for the guidance of time subordinatesin immediate cimarge of time huildimmgs. Copies of any suchminstructions will, in eaeim case, be forwarded to time War Office.

33. Eaeim magazine used for time permanent storage of loose gun-powder to time extent of 100 barrels and over, will be provided with acommon thermometer to indicate time temperature of time internalwalls.

31. At each station time Control Officer in cimarge will besupplied with a pair of wet-and-dry-bulb thermometers, for timepumpose of ohiservimug time dew-points. Timese thermometers shouldbe placed, wlmemm used for observations, in some spot in time open airprotected from time sun and wind, and not exposed to an excep-tional influences. The scale attached to time dry bulb will indicatetime temperature of time external air. Time scale attacimed to time wetbulb will indicate a temperature more or less below thmat of time air,in proportion to time quamitity of moisture whicim the air contains;except in time case of its being completely saturated, when bothscales will give simnihar meadimmgs. It is necessary for time wet bulbto be always Suppiie(l with water, ami its capillary timreads andmimslimm covermmmg kept in order.

35. By means of time annexed table time dew-point may be as-certained for various degrees of temperature, arid when time air isin different conditions withi regard to dampness.

36. Whenever, notwithstanding a careful attention to ventila-tion, magazines are found to be damp, their condition may beimproved by time muse of quick_lime, whmiehi has time property of ab-sorbing from time air about one-third of its own weight of water.

737. ~ proper time for usimmg lime is wlmen time condition o ftimcnimmgmmzimme would not ime improved by ventilation, and w-hieiu, commscqumemmtly, time ventilatoms are closed. JjiflIC would be of verylittle service wimile mm iapid curremmt of muir was passimmg through timebuiiding.

38. LInme will be used mlmmrimug hue seasoims of time year leastfavourable for vemmtilation in all immagazines tiuat show signs oidaimipiiesS.

39. The lime shouhh be fresim from the kiln, broken into lumpsnot larger timaim ai)out time size of a pigeomus egg, amid exposed totime air of time immterior of time magazimme in simallow vessels. Itshommid be kept in airtight casks ummtih spie:md omit fom use.

~10. Time best limes for absorbing moisture are fat limes (wimielmare least vahumable for bmuiimliimg pimmposcs), such as tlmosc prodimeemifrom ~vhmitecimaik amid time umonlmydrammiic hiuuestoumes.

Ii. TArn~r showing time Dewpoint of time Air mit thilleieimt degrees ofteimmperaturc~~s Imeim time n-:mdimmg of time ~Vct Bmihi ol time llmermmmonmeteris fmonm 1 to 30 degrees below that of tIme 1)my Bulb.

.

.~ ~

~~s~

DLS~-point,vlmen time \Vct 13,mlb sIDr~

nuis from 30 (Bulb.

a 10 10 wt.r (lit time

9 1O~Low-er. I.ower.

1Lower.

2Lower,

3 1Low-er. Ever.

5I ,00-er,

(;~ 7Low-cr. 1.,w,r.

8Lower,

31 314 2833(3 333 31 2Sias 353 334 304 28310 37h 353 333 303 2S312 394 373 353 ~l31 am 28241 I1~ 393 37( 3Sf 33 304 2S346 41 414 394 371 351 333 313 29118 4(3 433 413 :393 :373 3S1 :13.1 :mi4 29so -IS -154 -J~3 113 393 :173 :ms~ :333 31 2952 50 -iS -16 41 42 -10 uS 3m; 3 1 325.1 52 50 48 .1(3 11 (2 -10 38 36 31-5(3 51 52 50 -18 -0~ -ii -(2 rn as :o;58 53) 513 523 503 -1s3 163 ul~ ~ -n umu60 58 5(33 5 if 521 503 -~S3-~(33 433 -13 4162 (30 583 5(33 513 523 so~ 4s4 -163 -15 -1361 69 603 553 5(33 513 52 502 l~ -1-7 -(566 613 62.3 603 584 57 551 533 511 -191 4-868 6(33 613 62-h 603 59 573 553 5:13 511 5070 683 6133 613 62~ (31 593 573 5s3 5:1~ 5272 704 683 (33)3 6(4 63 613 593 573 551 5-i74 723 703 694 674 (351 6:14 62 601 583 577(3 7-I 72 71 693 ~ ~5I 64 623 603 5978 7(33 711 7:1 713 (191 673 6(3 ~ui (.23 (IISO 783 7(33 73 733 71 .m~ 694 (38 ~6i 6(1 6382 803 783 77. 7.53 7:m3 714 70 (381 (,i;4 (1581 821 803 79 77.3 753 7:14 72 703 (.84 6786 8l~ 823 Si 791 77.1 75i 71- 7.21 7.04 6988 8(33 81-4 8:33 t113 80 783 7~i 753 733 7200 883 862 854 831 82 SOl 783 77~ 7~d 71

8IV. CARE AND STOWAGE OF GUNPOWDER.

42. 0mm time arrival of powder time Control Officer will hook totime distimmguishmiimg marks omi time heads of time l)arrels, and wiilarrange tlmemn in time magazines so as to keep time barrels of timesevemah lots together as far as praeticabie.

43. Every barrel, box, or case will be carefully examined, iiiorder to discover wimetimer it he jmerfeetlv closed, so that mmo I)ow~lemcan escape, amid whether any of time hoops he fastened ivitim ironnails, or timere be amuy iroim or anything objectionable on aimv partof time barrel, &e. Should any barrel, box, or case be discoveredso circumstanced, it will not l)e received into time magaziimcs, buttime powdcm will be immediately simifted into ammotimer barrel or case,and a report made to time Commtrolier. These pmeeammtions mustnever i)C mlispeimsed witim, as fatal aecidemmts have imappeimed fmommmtheir bcimmg mmegleeted. A meeord of time examination will be madeon every arrival of powder.

44. No barrel, l)oX, or case will omm any accouimt be opened intime magazine, but, wimen required, will be taken to a simifting moonu,which ougimt alw-ays to be pmovided for timat ~ pOse.

43. No barrels coimtainimmg powder or ammmmumuition will besuffered to lie open in time magazine, and no powder will be shiftedfmom omme bay to another, or otimeruvise, witimout a sufficieimt nunuberof taimne(l hides or wadumiltilts being J)laeC(i umider time barrels, immorder to keep the imow(lei as much as possible from time floors;ammv ioose powder will be carefuhiv swept lmj), aum(i not suflemcd toremaimm. Care mmmst also i)e takemm tlmat all 1)0W(ler barrels areproperly mmd securc1~ stacked in time several bays; and, in caseammy of time heads of time bamrcls start, time) will immediately beremoved, amid time powder simifted into serviceable barmels.

46. Iii time event of time issue of a less quantity thuamm a wholebarrel, time paekmmge commt:mimiimmg it will be marked like time hamrelfrom whiehi it is taken. In time journal of issue, time marks,dates, &c., will he imoted as a matter of record.

47. iii stackimmg bamrels or cases of powder amid ammunitioim, aspace will he left between them and time wail of time magazimme,to allow of a free circulation of air amid prevent injury from damp.

48. Oceasioimmml opportuiiities will i)e taken at all stations,(especially where time magazines are liable to damp,) of shiftingpowder from one bay to ammothmer, amud opening and ie-Coopcring afew hamrels, imi order to aseertaimm if time powdem is free from lumps,amid to keep time barrels in a serviceable and good state. If iiiperfornmimug this work time powder should he found in any waylumpy or seE, it will be shifted from omue barrel to anotimer, timelunmims hieing broken down with time lmammd as time powder is passedfrom time barrel to whmiehm it belongs, t~time new one.

49. The practice of periodically rolling about barrels must Imotbe resorted to, as it breaks time grains of powder into dust.

50. Ammunition for breech-loading smahl-arms, which containsits own means of ignition must not be stowed within time samemasonry compartments of magazines as gunpowder, whether timehatter is loose or in time shmape of filled gum cartridges.

951. Commtrol Ollmccms xviii mmeeordiuuglv take time necessary stepsfor piacimm~mimmmmmmummmtmomi of this class iii separate mmmasommmv comnhmartmneimts.

3~4.Powder, time pmoiiumce of brokcimup i)iCeelmioadimmg smallminim ammmmmmummitiomu, will hot be stomcd jim mmmag:mzimmes om umseml for :mimyl)nmhmos~, on mmeemmmmmt of time (ia.igem ~vlmielmnmigimt arise fmommm aumuixtlmre of time detommatimmg eomiupositiomm witlm it.

53. Such powmler will be camm.fimlly kept sep:mrate, wetted amidreserved for extraetioim of time saltpetre.

5 1. Brceeimioadi mug sniahiammmu :immmumnmit ion shmommld mmot imoweverhe i)rokdn up witimout time speei:mi order of tIme SummvvvorG cmicmmml, -Oi)taimme(l thmmommgh time Commtmohler, Royal A msemial.

53. Powder fmommm Pmilliser shells will lie tueatcml iii a similarmanmier to thm:mt ohitaiimed fmomn B.L. :mmmmmmmummitiomm.

~G. Pomidem fmommm simehis, immmhes.s it c:mmu he sold on time spot, willbe stored iii a imm:mgazimme sepam:mte fmomuu ot lien pomvdem, or ~vettedamid meseivemi Ior cxiuactjomm. Pomumlem, :mitimouigim t:mihed ~hmmiI iiitime ieturmms, is umot to be (ommdenmmied immmless it :tetmmahlv cammme omit ofshmeiis. A great portion of time powmher iii lt.A. chm:mmgc for liiliimgshells was imever iii shmehls at all, wluihe tIme iemmmaimmder was issuedin fiammnci b:mgs as bmu~teis.

57. rfl1

(~ 1)o\mdem wlmicim Imas beemm loimgest imm stoic will alw:mysbe issued first, (Xcept by sp~eiaiom(iei to time eommtiamy. All newpo~vlerbarrels, wimeim propemiv seasommcd, mviii he romrccthy tare(i,amid time weiglmt. of time tame umu:mmked oum time b:mimei.

58. \Vhmemm aim) (if iTem Majestys shmi1ms are metmmnmmimmg hmommmefrom foreign statiomms, Commt iol Ohhicems will :m~)plvto time SemmiorNaval Officer for iwmImiissiomm to humid suieb scivieeablc 1momrder ammdaimummmmmitiomm as imuav he remjuimed at time st:mt ion, mumd to scud Imommueany uimmsemviecable pomvdem amid aiummmmummmitiomu iii CxClm:mmmg(.

59. Ilpouu no mmccommmmt wimatevem are fmietiomu tiuhmes, pei(ulssiomL fuzec, om fmmzes of mmmiv himmd that coumtain tlmcim omvmm immeamms ofignitiomi, witlmimm timemmmselvcs, to i)e I)lmmc(ml immside mmii) immag:mzilme.

V. COOPERAGE.GO. All tools, immstmmmmumeuits, or othuem mmltieh(s used jim (lie uum:uguu

xi mm es ame to be mum mmdc of wooml om copper, am m 1 mm (;t iiiumg commt muiiilm gimomu, om liable to cause igmmitiomu, will lie mmdmmmitted.

(II. Time use of iroim rivets to colupem 1100115 (mf tlme descmiimt ionused for 1mowdem barrels, wimethmem loose 01 othmemwise, is forhidmlimu,eveuu if those lmoojms should be iuiteimde(l to be mmJ piied iii time iimstimmstammce to hiaireis imot eommtaiiminmg powmicm, ;ms timmy ;mme liable tobe afterwards tmamusfemred to sumehm as mummy cmmmtmuiim it.

(32. To prc~cntammy iimeomivcnieumcc to time scmmiee (limit mightauisc from time ~mammtof pmohmer rivets mmeeessmmmy to rcpl:mee thosewimicim ummmmv lmieak, Control Olhieems at mull stmitiomms mu iii keep asmall store of cop1~errivets so fiiuicuut fin I lm:mt P~~~~mumud umumuketi mumehy demumammds fin such as they ummay I cmlumilc.

10

63. Time pieces of wood formimig time hieads of powder bamrelswill he put togethuer witim woodcut 1mifls, ammd imm no case will iroumbe used.

6-1. In hmeading and uniucmiding powder barrels, time personsemployed will never misc time bare amhze agaiimst time copper imoops,but will invariably apply a wooden setter.

65. Whemmever it nmav be necessary to shift gunpowder fromone barrel to ammotimer, time baircl immtemmded to receive suchm powderwill first hmave all time marks, except time tare on it, carefullyobliterated, amid will thmemm be remarked witim precisely the samemarks as time barrel from whence time powder is transferred, withtime exception of time tare marks.

66. Nails will oim no account be used to fastcn omm time hmeopsjIm re-heading powder barrels.

67. Powder barrels, either for stowage or issue, will contain100 lbs. each, except in time ease of P powder, of whmicim eachbairel contains 125 lbs. Time quantity of powder in cannon andsmall-arm cartridges will be calculated accordingly.

VI. EXAMINATION AND CLASSIFICATION OF GUNPOWDER.

68, Time examination of gunpowder imm store will be conductedby Imuspcctoms of Warlike Stores and other Pioof Officers, in timefollowing manner

69. About onc-fiftim part of time wimole quantity in store willbe tested ammmmuahly ; of timis fifthm, omme in every 20 barreis, selectedimmdisemimimmately, will be cxanuined. Iii the second year time samecourse will be pursued withm refcremmce to another fifthm of timestore, and so on until time wimole shmall have been examined, wimemitime process will be repeated.

70. Time barrels actually examined will in each case be marked,and otimer barrels will be selected whemm time same lot again comesunder examination. -

71. Time examination of powder will be conflimed to an inspec-tion by sigimt and hmammd, for time purpose of testiimg its qualitiesin time following points :-

1st. As respects the condition of time grain, wimicim should 1)0firm, crisp, and biighmt in colour.

2nd. As regards freedom from dust and foreign matters.This latter point will be ascertained by pouring time powder

from a bowl held 2 or 3 feet above the barrel.72. The firing proof, by means of the Eprouvette Mortar, ivill

cease.

73. If time examimmation be in all respects satisfactory, andthere be no sign of deterioration, time powder may be placed inClass I,

74. Any portion of Scrv~cepowder found on immspectiomm to beunmistakeably dusty or broken in time grain, may at once 1)0reduced to an inferior class.

ii

75. Exceptions to this mule will, Imoivevem, be made imm time caseof 11.. F.G. amid R.L.G. powders, wimiehm, if omuly dusty, will 1)0medumiste(i amid xcstomed to time 1st Cimmss.

76. lii cases that admmmit of dommbt, time report of tIme ex anuimmatioum~vihl lii tmammsmmmittc4 thmroumgh time local Comitroilem, to tIme Supemimu_temmdemut, Rovmul G umupowdem Factory, i)efOme time 1)0\1(ler is me(hmee(lfmonu tIme Semvice Class ; hut if mmmgeuutlv requiied for service itmay lie iSSUe(l.

77. Service po~vdcis include all descui1utiomis used for firimugpmojcctihes, whether from camiuiomm or smnall armums.powders immelmmde service, biammk, amid such po~dcrs.

78. After examumimmmmtion, Ummmmpomvdei will lie classified mudmarked mmecouding to time foliowimmg Imthhe ; ammd if repaired, timeliarmelswill i)e specimmliy distiimguisiicd (see ~. 87), in oidcr to euusumretheir beimmg issued l)etOmC gumupowder mm a less tletcrioratculcomudition. Reexaumuimmatioum will be noted iii like nuaummicr witim(late.

Class, Designation. 1)csemiptiomm.

I. Service 1 All hew2. All metimmmiett powder (including eannoum cartridges) wiiielm

on ex:liiiination mtmav be ftiwiii tuiimijiiietI.11. l3lmnmk 1, Ptuitlvi fmtnmi iiriti

1-rimump lamimtOmi ia lt Fitigis, unless specially

placed in Cln~iI.2. lowdem fromim broli in lii) S. A. ,kmnmniiimii ion.~3, Strvie ~wdei found diittv or li1oI~t1mjim I lit grain imt-

ptiiodid ispirt ions, or on ret urn except in timeCises ot It, L. Ii, miii It }. 0. 1iowtiers, Which if only(I 1151 V will it&~i~t~~(l~l,d fum s,rv ice.

111, Shell , , . 1. Powder found too iii I v for Chiss 11.2. 1 oi,iivr tmu,pfcti front sh,ll.~.

IV. Doubtful . , All jioivti~i I itiviu (ticviii ul&w tnvtier) nt urmicil intosuite, intl awlimiuig imunirit joim,

i,. (ondenutd lowti,r fitinti iii ,~:iiijm:lt iii to In too nmucli deteijouitclfit ~iis to b

1 pity! in univ ot tl~ihovi ellsns.

VI. Coni,unntd I&iwtlii I~tiiuttto Is (Ito nit-li daiiagttl timid unfit for tinyfor extrm.it ion tiling html txl rn-tiomm of sali~i(re,

79. Powders found Oh examimmatiomi to be repairable, ~siilatonce he marked with time class to wlmieli tlmey arc cmmjmmmhde of beingconverted ; but will be crossed iii wlmite chalk, jim order to iii(hcate that thmey ame ommly oquivahcmmt to a doubtful powder iii anissuing poiumt of view.

* Powder obt mmcl by breaking imp breechioi ding eunill-mrnm fluhlmi until ion ~liouhlbe at once t Itoroiiglily wetted, is il iiulmy ttut,iiuu snitil lilt hits if iictitmiiting Coil11~sitiomm. 1mm this state it is use1cs~except for extract iou of siltpetre, ill! willtherefore be placed 1mm Climsi VI,

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80. At home stations all powder rcturmmcd immto store will, intime first instance, be placed in Class IV. ; it will be removedto omie of time other five classes on the result of time inspectionbeing determined. At stations wimeic conveniences for localexamimmatiou may exist, a requisition will be trade by time Con-troller to hmave thus inspeclicu made mvithmoumt delay. If ciicmuustances simould render such a comurse imumpractmcable, time gunpowderwill be retained as doubtful, amid a report of time circumstancesmade to time Controller, Royal Arsenal, Woolwich, whmo mull conveythe orders of time Surveyor-General in the matter.

81. At foreign stations time cxamimmation of powder will be eon-timieted by time Iroof Officer, on time requisitiomm of time Contmol Officer.Time cxamiumatiomm will he made a~soon as possibleafter delivem intostore, in order to enable time Comnmiaissrmmy to assminme charge ot timegunpowder in accordance with its existing state and coumdition.

82, At stations wimere no Ar~ilieryare located, time Commissarywill personally examine all powder eoimtaimmed in time origiumalpackages as soon as received into store. If no sign of detcrioma-tion lmrescnt itself, lie may assume charge of the powder umiderits original classification, and may re-issue it aceordimmgly ;siuould there be any reason for doubt, time powdem will be takenin charge and marked as under Class j\T, and time circumstancesreported to time Controller, Royal Arsenal, ~Voolwmchi,who wmllcommunicate time orders of time Surveyor General.

83. Powder fromu broken up cartridges,and powderemptied fromshells, will iim all cases be sifted before being returned into stome,so timat all extraneous articles may be detected. Barrels ofpowder emmiptied from shells arc to be distiumguished as sucim.

84. Time sizes of sieves used in sifting powder before returningit into store, will be as follows :

For It. L. (3. powder, a sieve of 3 meshes to time iimclm.L. G. ,, ,, 6 ,,

It. F. G. ,, ,, 8 ,,1?. (3. ,, ,, 12 ,,Pistol ,, ,, 16 ,,

85. On receiving powder, Commissaries will look to time this-tinguisiming marks, slmowiimg the description of powder, makersnamoc, and dates of stoving; and will arrange tiu~barrels in timemagazimme accordingly, carefully keeping time powder of each (lateof stoving together as far as practicable.

86. In issuing service powder, care will be taken to issue as far aspossible, the powder of time same maker, and of the same date ofstoving.

87. The annexed examples will show time manner in whmiclm timeheads of barrels will be mamked in futuue.

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No. 1.

POWDER

125 hbs.

No. 33 5621.APRIL, 1871,

LOT 1-183,VII. 28.

No. 2.

POWDEIt100 11)5.

L. G:~-Examined 20. 5. 6~,

VII. 27.

No. 3.

PO\~J)Eit100 lbs.

R. L. G.*TIe-duistedf 17. 10, 69,

TR. 26i.

-~ Tltrac letters n iii be in red paint. f Or Rrputiiei!, is the ease mnny lie,

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No. 4.

88. No. 1 applies to new powder.No. 2 applies to returned powder, whiehm, after examination,

Imas been classed for service.No. 3 applies to returned powder, mvhiehm, after examimuation,

hmas been re-dusted or otherwise rcpaiued for service,No. 4 applies to blank or exercise powder.No. 5 applies to simeil powder.

Time 5th line in No. 1 commtains1. TIme brand of powder (No. 33).2. Time number of barrels in time i)riuul (56).3. Time number of time barrel itself in time brand (24).

89, Gunpowder is thvidccl iimto lots for convenience of storing;each of time 100 barrels comnposimmg a lot is marked witim the sanmenumber, and the mmumnbems of time lots mmmli commseemmtively for cachmmammufitctmuer, as powder is sum pphmcd.

POWDER

100 lbs.

L.G.BLANK,

Til. 23.

POWDER

100 lbs.

L.G.Sil ELL,

TB, 28,

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90. Time fohlowiimg list simons time immmrposes for whicim powders oftime se~claldcscmi~mtmommsarc to be mused ; and demaumds and issueswill be ucgumlatcd iii aceordumncc timerewith,

p. For time but/eriny charges of all rifled gums of 7-inch calibreamm(l umpwards, amid for all semvice clmnrges of ~10lb. amid lul)wards. Whmen no P imomvdem is available, R. L. G. will beuse(l.

Seiuice R. L. G. For service chmaiges, up to ~10 lb., of allM. L. It. gimums above time 6-1-pr.; amid likewise for batterimugcharges of all gumms whmen 1. powlem is not available.

&rtice L. G. For all S. B. ordmm~ueeand B. L. It. guns, forM. L. II. gmmns up to time 6-Ipr. immelmmsivc (except time7pr. with which F. 0. is used), amid immay he used iiicases of necessity witim M. L, II. guns imp to time 9immeimof 12 tomis immclmmsive.

Seruicc I?. F. U. For rifled smnrtllarmus of every descriptionexcept Mamtimmillcimrv mmmskct and pistols.

Sc,.rice F. G. For 7-pr. M. L. B. guns, fom all smmmoothm-borcsmmmailamms, amid ibr time l)lirstimmg charges of shmapimelsimells.

Scrviee !is(ol. For Colts, amid l)eamm and Adams camtridgcs,ammd for burstiuig chmarges of all shmapumel shells.

Blank, or Eaercise B. L. U. awl L, G. For lmlaimk cimarges ofall descriptions of rifleul amid smooth-bored orthmmammce.

Blank, or Ereietse B. F. G. Oflhl F. G. For blaimk smallarmcartmidgcs of every description. flmcsc powdeus may, if itbe commsidercd advisable, be mused jo~~blank charges forordnance when theme is a surphims store.

S/ic/i Powder. L. (l. for time bursting ehmamges of all slmchls,rifled, or smmmootlmbore, exeelmt simrapmmel (see above), aimd6, 9, 12, amid 20pr. segnmemmt shmehls, (or which F. G. is tobe mused. F. U. or L. (I. imm Class II. may be taken if noF. (3, om L. (I. in Class 111. be available, amid s(rvice F. 0.or I~.(3, mt~ no blammk F. (3. or L. U. be available.

91. Sermiie powder mviii never be issued for blank ci emerczcecartridges, wimemi ammy powder classed ummmdeu time latter head is mmmaiiable. This rule is immtemmmicd to .mimidv stmietlv to time umommissue ofService It. L. (3. amid It. F. 0. powders for blank charges. 1~xtrcisclmOn(ler will not be issimcd for lilhimmg slmells, wimeum shielh lmowdcr isavaihable.

92. The Proof Officer will be eaicfmml to imote at his issuing andreccivimmg exuuumiimatioims, time imummibers of time hots, as also time immarksmmd dates tlmat Imave been place(1 0mm time various barrels ~f powdersmmbmittcd for his immshmcctmoum, befbrc being issmmcd to, or oim beingreceived from 11cr Najestys Land or Naval Forces. All thmcseparticulars will be cmmtercd in time report uumade to time Couummissamy,in order thmat tlmev mimumy be available for fmmtimic refememice imm case ofnecessity.

VII. LABORATORY OPERATIONS.93. The fohlowimmg instmuctiouis will ime. stricthv olmseived by all

persomis eumgmIgc(l imm work commmmcctcd with Combustible Stomcs.

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~\~mm1any laboratory operation, such as makiug imp ani-munition, rcnmovmumg fuzes and filling or emptying shuells, is requiredto be perfornied, time Commissamy in charge will iumform time Con-troller. Time Comutrohier mviii tlmcmm report time same to time GeneralOfficer Commanding, mmimo will direct time Commanding Officer oft1m~Royal Artillery to take steps for time performance of this duty.

93. Timese opematioums wifl be camrie(l on in accordance witim thefollowing extract from time Queens Regulations 1868 (Pama. 661).The detailed applicatiou of thme~eiimstrmtctions mmimmst depend ujmommtime means available at each statiomm.

(it.) No laboratomy operatioum wimiehm involves risk of an cxplosiomi is to be carried on withmin a distance of 400 yards fmom amagazine in whmiehm large quantities of gummpowder arc stomed.

(b.) No accumulation of gmmmipowdem or othmer explosive material is to be allowed 0mm mummy aceoummt in time womkslmops, or iii close proximity to time laboratory buildings. A small expemuse

magazine in a safe position is to be provided, time stores arc tobe drawn from timis mmmagmmzine in small qmmantities as required, and

time fiumisimeci work is to be metmmimmed to time niagaziule in time samue way. This is a most important poiumt, for umotwithstrmumdimig every precaution an accident may occur.

(c.) All the arrangememmts slmommld timerefore be made with a~ view to reduce as far as practicable time amoummt of explosive or combustible material imm a building at aumy one time, wimcre

laboratory operations arc being camricd 0mm. (d.) Time destrmmctiomi of combiustihic stores by fire, or by

breaking up, is on no account to be effected witimin time precinctsof a laboratory.

(e.) All persons engaged in work conumected with combustible stores are to ehmaumge thmeir outer clothes, viz., coat, waistcoat,

trousers, cap, and shoes, amid to wear suits specially provided forthus ~

(f.) Time chmaumge of clotimes to be cflccted in a simifting imouse, whmerc time omdimmary chothiiuig is to be deposited.

(g.) 0niy steady amid intelligent men arc to be employed onlaboratory work, amid time preference is to be given to timose mslmoimave passed tbronglm a comurse at Woolwieh.

96. In removing fuzes from shells only suchm toolsas arc piovidedfor this purpose mviii be used, and with respect to time pillar fmmzeespecial care will be takemm not to press unduly upon the head outaccount of its very close proximity to time detoumating composition.

97. To reduce time risk iii extracting pillar fuzes as far aspossible, a special extractor will he supplied.

98. In cases in which time fuac will not yield to time authorizedmeans of extraction, time shell, if not provided witim an unloadinghole, will be placed under water, and in 1/mis condition, namely underwater, a small hole mviii be bored through time side for time admissionof water. TIme powdem will be timomouuglmiv sat umrated before anyfurther steps arc taken to remove time fmuze.

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99. Wlmemm t1mi~ operation caumnot be coni-cimiemitly performed,time site11 will be thimowmm into time sea, or otherwise safely(hiSposed of,

100. If time shell has an ummloadimmg hole, time ummmloading hmolepimig mviii be unscrewed, thm~ pa~)ier mn~1elit~waml forced immto theimmtemior, aumd water pommmed itm ummtil time powder is tlmorougimlysaturated.

101. Time opeiatiomm of removing time fmmze from time shell will be

1merfommmued in a Se1)ammmte bmmildiimg, amid jim time abscmmce of s1meciudmcasomms to time commtrary, ommly omme shell will be o1memmmted upomi at atitmie.102. Whmeum flue fumze is renuoved a service metal fuize hole plug

mviii be semewed in to secure time imoiviher, ammd time simell thiemi coumveycd to aumotimer bmmildimmg to be emmiptied.

103. To empty time simehl a wooden fuammuc or cradle will he musedto iest time such upoum, amid time greatest care will be takemm thatevemy portloim of time bmmrstiimg chmamge is rcmmmoved before time simehlis retmmmimed immto stome as enupty, water beimig used to washm out ammytrace of powder whmielm it may be dithicimit to meniove witim thecopper scraper.

10 1. Shells timmis cmi11)ticd will be ummmmrkecl on time imead witlm anE imm wlmite paiumt at Woolwichm, ammd red paimmt at otlmer statiomms, alsowitlm a letter to (lemmote time stations. Time powder obtained willbe tmcate(l as (himeCt(d iii ~)aiimgrm1~)ii56, amid in general any 1)omvchcrmvlmiclm, duiimmg laboratory opcmatiomm, lmas beemi spilt Oh time floor, orotimemwisc expose~ito a(limiixtmmme witim iron filings, grit, or dirt ofaumy desemiptioum, will be mit oumec swept up, wetted amid reserved forextraction.

VIII. CONVEYANCE OF AMMUNITION AND GUNPOWDER BYLAND.

105. No ammumuitiomm or gummpomvder will lie scmmt to any stationat imommme, ummtii time officer wimo lm:ms to receive it imas been commmnnuuicmmtid mvitlm by time ofhiecr wimo huts to immakc time supply, amid timecommsigimee hums rc1mlied timat lie is lmeimarmd to receive it.

106. At time timmme time issue is made mm Jmropcm iimvoice wuli besent to time comisigmlce.

107. When smnahlamm ammmmmmition or gunpowder hmas to beremoved by time troops, in their own wagons, or in time wagonsbciongiumg to time War Dcpartnuent, a requuisitioim will he made ontime General or othmcr Officer Commnandiimg time 1)istriet om (i:mrzison,by time Officer jim clmauge of time 1)ep~t, statimmg lime uumimber ofmvagoums meqtmircd, amuh time day oum whmiclm time ammmunmmimition or powderwill be ready fou reimmoval. it will be left to time Officer Cnmmmimmandmug time Troops to lix time day amid Imour out whmieh time muimmmmmumitiouor gmmmipowder shall be rcmnovcd.

108. At time time amid place appoummtcl, a Control Officer or aSerjemmumt Coumductor will be iii attendance to hmaumd time packagesov-r to tIme Officer Comnummaummhimmg time party, Simomml(h wad,mij It iii s berequired foi time sccmmiitv of time mmmummummtitioim time. w mIt Ime lent totime nmilitarv pamty, amid time Commtiol Olhicer will tal~.ecare timcy are

18

duly retm.mined wimen time service lies I)cefl completed. 1mm order,imowevcr, that there may be mmo (iividcml responsibility, it is to becleauly understood timat time Officer in Comumammd will be respoumSih)Iefor time due dehveuy of time packages, as well as for time wagonsbeing in cli respects suitable, 1)mopexly stowed, amid not Oveuha(heim.

.100. When large quantities imavc to be fomwardcd, otimerwisethan by nujhjtau~eouuvcvamicc, time Commtmol Ofiiecr makimig time issuewmhl take care that time commtractor by wimommi time packages areforwarded, provides ~ropcr convevammee for time sanme; that tImecarts or wagomus arc not overiademm ; aum(h that timey are ~uo~emlyscemucd botim froumm damuger and damp, amid for this object wadmuuiltilts and luiuies may be but to time commtraetou on time terms humiddown in ~ 108.

110. As all amnmuuuitioum mmd gmumpowmier sent by railway isimIacc~iium properly couistmuctcd powder 1,amms (except when securedin imoum safety eases, as alluded to in 113), no fmuthmer precautioumsumgaimist danger are imeecssarv, time mailway aiutiuomities amid commtmaetcarrier being responsible ; but time coumtmact camriems will have tosee thmat time packages are hmaumded over to time railway officials iiiproper order amid commditiomm. Thuey ~viil Imave also to make allaurangemnents with each railway compaumy for time due forwardingof time animnumuitiomi or gmmmmpowder, without delay, after receipt attime statiomu, amid will, tbmeuctoie, have to give (hue mmotice to suclmcompmmmmy of time (lay amid lmommr cmi mvlmieim it is to be forwarded.Time contract carriers will further be iCsl)oumsml)ie, that, wimen theammunition reaeimcs time railway statioum, puoper convcyamiccs are athmand to convey it to its fimmai destination.

111. ~ amid other corps may draw timeir own amnmuuitioum amid convey it to thmeir own magmmzimues, time Officer iii chargeof time Dep~ttakiiig care that time couvcyaumccs are iim all respectssuitable, amid ame miot overiademm. Wacluniltilts may also be iciut ontime terms lund dowmi imu 108.

112. In time absemmec of special orders from time War Office,escorts mviii not be required to accourmpany ammmnmmmition ou guuu.powder, unless time General or other Officer comniamudimig theDistrict or Garrison considers it necessary, amid imi time evemmt ofsuch being time case, lie uuill duly immformn time Commtrol Officer, wimowill in such a case, invariably apply to such officer for time properescort, stating in hit application time quummutities of animumnition orgunpowder to be forwarded, by whiat commvcvauee to he seumt, as alsotime day and hour fixed for its departure. It will be for time OfficerCommanding time troops to determine the strength and descriptionof time escort required.

113. In time conveyance of small qimantitics of small-armammtmnitioum by railways in time United Kingdom, jim order toexpedite issues to regiments au(l also to reduce time expense of timeemploYment of powder vaums, metal cylinders adapted for containimmgImahl and qmuarter barrels mviii be used.

I 14. These cyhindcus will be conspicuously marked with timename of time statioum to whielm they belong, mmd .vitlm time lettcrs\\ .4~ 1), ami will be lucid oum chuaige as articles iii use, mmotwithstanding timeir beimmg sent umwav from time to time witim ammunition.

9115. Commanding Ollicems and others will, imummme(uiately 0mmreceiving these cvhimmdems, emnpty amid retummm thmenu, witlm timespammmmers ammd bags, to time Commtrol Ollicer at time statiomi fmommiwimichi they are scuit, by time same mode of commveyauicc by whichthuey arrived.

116. Every immstaumcc of umumlecessarv (lelay iii time return of timecvhiumders, &c., will be immmmcdiateiy reported by time Commissaryin chamge to time Controller.

IX. CONVEYANCE OF AMMUNITION AND GUNPOWDER BYDEPARTMENTAL VESSELS.

117. 0mm arrival at any Control Statioum, time Master of timevessel will imummediately mcport iminmsclf to time Comitrol Officer, amid.if any stores are on bound, deliver time bills of lading.

118. Time Master will keep a log book, inserting time daihyocclmmrcumccs, and also time receipts amid deliveries. flue tally of allstores passimmg immto or omit & the vessel will be taken by time Masteror Mate, wimo will be Imeki strictl accommntable for the delivery ofall time stoues accomdimmg to time receipt tally, and ami~ deficiencymust be immmmnc.liatcly ieported by thue Commtrol Officer to whmoiuu thuestomes aue commsigumed.

119. rj~ Master will attemmd daily at tIme Contuoi Office at timestatiomm whmeie time vessel ama be hyimmg, to receive Mmcli orders a~-thie Control Ofiiccr may finmI it mmecessary to give. r1~1ue Mastemmviii receive his imistrmietiomus fiomn time Commtrol Olliccr omily.

120, Time Master will frequently cxaimuiuuc time hold, miami bepaiticulamiy careful that all iron bolts, nails, &c., are covered withsimect lead or taummucd hide, arid that any defects iii the vessel orstores arc imunucdia~e1yreported, in wmitiumg, to time Control Officerat time Station.

121. Pmeviommsly to receivimig mummy gunpowder, ammummuition, &c.,time Master or Mate will tumkc especial care to examine time hold,and see that it is clean swept, free from grit or dust, amid iii a fitstate to receive time stores, lie will report time fact to time Coum- -trohier.

122. As a general rule no conibustible stores will be comivevediii tluc same boy witlm powder amid anmumuimuuition. In spcciuml eases,luowever, whmeme combustible stores of aim uunexeeptiommaiule dcscriptioum are fouwarled witim proper preeammtiomi as to tlmeim stowage andsecurity, thuis rcstuictioum may be ommuitted,

123. On receiving gnnpoader, amuumnuumition, &c., time Masterwill see that time pimmtlomiu jim time vessels hmold, tite gauugwavs amidcomiumgs of time hatchmwavs are covered witim tanned hides, thatthe bammcls or boxes are carefully stowed, time hmitcimes properlysecured and locked, ammul tim.t time key remmmaumms iim imis ouvumpossessiomm.

12l. A. cushioum (stuffed mvithm mvhmitc oakutn) covered withleatimcr, will be mused for landing all poummlcm barrels om cases upon,whuethmcr in time huoid of the vessel or on time vmhuumrf, mvlucn loading ordischamgirug 1momvdei.

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125. In stowing powder in time hold of time vessel the baruelswill be carried, armcl on umo aecoummt rolled over each otlmer, unlesstanned hmmdcs arc laid down for time pmmrpose of protection.

126. No leaky or badly coopered band will be received onboard, and shmould sumclm be ofleucd, time Master will refmuse toreceive it, and mviii report time ciucunistauice to the Control Officerin charge at time station imnmediatcly.

127. After the vessel luas bccmm discharged, time bides, haircloths, &c., will be removed, and time hold carefully cleaned omit.

128. On delivery of time above mentioned stores time same eammtioumwill be mused as iii loading, amid if any barrels or boxes simould hmavebeen unavoidably broken, mummy powder wluich may have becomeloose will be carefully swept imp, and time cimcumstaumecs reportedby the Master to the Controller before dehivemy to time Magaziime,

129. No fires, other than time engine-room fire, will be lightedon board auuy vessel, barge, or craft convevimug gummpowdcr, orcombmmstible stores, to any place iuu time River Timamimes within onemile below Gravesend, or in citimer of time canals headmumg toAldershmot or Wreedon; nor betweeui time Noue mind Chmatluam in timeRiver ?~1edway; nor withmium two nmiies of time Spit, or outer Buoy,leading to Ilarwichm Harbour.

130. When gunpowder or ammunition is shipped, and timevessel is witlmin time limits of any port, uueitlmcr fimcs, highuts, norsmoking will, under any circumstances, be permitted 0mm board.

131, Fires will be provided in flue cook houses at time severalstations when requisite, for cooking time provisions.

132. When at anchor at night, jum a roaclstcad, or jim time trackof shipping, a masthmead light will be showim, and, when underweigh time side lighmts, according to Admiralty Regulation.

133. When time vessel, barge, or other craft is one mile belowGrauescnd, amid not nearer than half-a-mile of any iumhabited placeor magazine, a fmme may be ligImted on board for cooking purposesonly, amid time Master will see it carefully extinguished at sunset,and one hour previously to going alommgside mummy shuip or magazine.The engine-room fires in time steamers must also be put out onehour previously to going alongside any ship or magazine.

134. Smoking below is strictly prohibited.

135. When a vessel has received gunpowder, ammunition, orcombustible stores on board, a red flag will be hoisted at time mast-head, and kept flying until time cargo is discharged. The masteror mate and all time crew will remain on board until all time storesare discharged, uumiess it may be necessary to procure water orprovisions, inwhich case notice will be given to time Control Officer,but the vessel is not to be heft without either time master or mateand one seaman.

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136. No lucifer nuatcimcs will at any time be used on board anyof time WTar T)epaitmemit Vessels, and any person found to be inpossession of time samne, will i)e imummediatelv dismissed. Time usualtiml(ieri)OX, &c., uvihl be kept by time Master, mmd useul for time lmur1)050 of strmkimmg a light whmeim actually umeeessary.

137. At Priddys IIamd, Pmmrfleet, amid Tipnci, when in consequcnee of waumt of water, a vessel lademm with I)oum(ler or conubmistiblestores is unable to be unloaded Oh time day of armivah, she will bemoored mum time safest position at time wimamf, amid time hatchmwayssccmmred amid covered witim tarpammlimis ; amid no other vessel mviii beallowed alongside of her. At all other Stations time vessel riotumnioaded will Imaul into time stieamn a distammee of 900 yards from timeMagazimme Wlmamf, but if cummlmty a distammce of 100 yards is sulhiciermt.

138, No vessel havimg powdem or aumimumumitiomi on board will beheft without a responsible \Vatclmniaim in ebamge.

X. GUNPOWDER VESSELS.139. Time follomvimmg icgmilatiOmms fom ieceivimig Powder and Aiim

muumition, are for time gmmidauice of hmeisoums emmmplovcd oui boamd timeStore l)epartmnent Vessels amid in time Luiboiatomv Cmaft used forthe comiveyamice of time sauuie to mum(l frommu time Receiving Vessels, &c.

110. All pcusomus cnupioyed ium time mcceivimmg vessels, barges,boats amid mmlagazimucs, will change thmeir outer clothmes, viz., coat,waistcoat, trousers, cap amid shoes, mud mvcar time suits specially lrovided for timem.

1-1.1. Time chmauige of clotimcs will be cflectcd iii a shmiftimug imouse,wimere time ordinary chotiming will be deposited.

142. Smoking is stmictly proimibited, amid aumy mmmii found witha lucifer match in imis ~~ossessioumwill be inmmncdiatehv dismissed.

1-13. No fire is on mummy aecomuiut to be allowed either iii timereceiving vessels, barges, or boats.

14-1. flue receiving vessels, barges, and boats, will be kept serumiimmlommsiy cleaum, aii(l free frommm hoose gmmu1~mow(lcr.

1~15.In shmilmping or umnslmippimmg aimumnummitioum am giiimpouvder,trimmed imides or wadnmiltilts will be hmud over timat portiomi of thmevessel over which thue cases or humrmchs pass.

1-16. A red flag will be kept flvimmg u-lien tlmeme is aiu~gummpowdcr.or aniimiuiition aim board time icccivimmg mcssci.

1-1-7. At Woolwichm time gUmupOw(lci will i)e received daily fromtime receivimug vessel at time hower causeway, and trauisi)orte(l inrailway trmucks to time Royal Laboratory ; time immadeup amumimmunitioumwill be trammspomte(l iii railway trucks fuoni thuc East Laboratory, toNo. I Mmmgaziime, each truck being Jamicim by the Laboratory andhanded over to time Control Departnmcnt fom remnomah.

148. Gmmnpowder or animumnition required to be sent from timeArsenal, by hand carriage, will he brought from No. 1 Magazine jimtrucks to within time walls of time Auscnah, or if immnc(liatehyrequired, will be lmaumdcd over by time lioyal Laboratory to timeCoumtrol Dcpaitmimcnt aim the bank of time canal.

22

In Summer.CapLasting jacketCloth trousersWoollen shirtsShoes, Magaziime.

The persons employedsimirts and drawers,

1mm Winter.CapLasting jacketCloth trousersWoohicii simirtsWTooilen drawersGreat coatShoes, Magazine.

must provide thmemselvcs with woollen

The following Regulations and Instrmmctioes arc hereby can-celled, viz.:

Clause 102, Army Circulars 1868.,, 57 ,, 1869.

,, 1869.,, 59 ,, 1870.,, 104 ,, 1870.,, 130 ,, 1870.,, 91 ,, 1871.,, 122 ,, 1871.,, 177 ,, 1871.

1,49. TIme suits of clotimimig provided for and icquiieul to be wornby time peusons employed in time receiving vessel and laboratorybarges are as follows

* ~,2031.

23

A P P E N 1)1 X.

~1I(nmoran(lunmrecpecthmg time Ventilation of JIaqa:iimes.1. lime dmmuimpmmess counplaimicd of in bumihdimmgs mviii frequently be

fomiumd to anise tioun condeumsation of time watery mmmpoimr of time air whichmenters time bumildinug. liurildimmgs with thick walls anti vaulted roofs,mind e~pcciahiytimose eovereh mvith cam-tim, are hmarmidumlarly liable to dammip.nuess frommi this cause.

2. Air ahiv~iyscontains some piopOrtion of watery vumpour. Wimeimtime 1)noj)ortioum is smumahl time air is said to be dry, and when harge theair is said to be danmp ; when time propoimioum is time greatest tiurit cmi beditflmsed thumoumghm air mit a giveim temperature, time air is said to besaturated at thmtit temperature.

~h. Time proportion of watery vapour which saturated air coimtainsvaries Witim time temmiperatumue, being greater for high timummi for howtemmmpermitures, Air commtmuinimig a particular proportioim of moisture isreui(ler(I less capable of depositing mumoisture by its teuimpcrature beimmgiaiscti, and time reverse when it is lowemed.

1. Air may be bmoimghit to a state of saturatioum by reduciug itstini

1~eratuue. If time air contain but little moisture, time mcdmiction

of teum)1)cratmmre mmmst bc considemmmblc ; but if it coumtaimm mucim a slightreduction mviii brimug it to a state of satumatiomm.

5. If air be cooled below time degree of temperature at which itwill be in a state of s:mtimratioui, a portion of time watery vmmpouur commtainedtherein will be (l01)OSitCd 0mm mmmiv tOICI substmmnmce mvithm which it immay conicin contact. Time degree of temmmpemmmtmmrc mit wmicim air ui-ill thins begin todeposit moisture is called its thu-point.

6. \Viucn warm aim emiters a comparatively cold bumildirug time temperatumrc of time air is redmuced by coming iii contact witlm tho ulterior wailsamid othici cold suifaces ; miad if its temuipematiure be timmus iedmmced belowtime mlemmpoiimf, comm(lenSatioim iiihl tuike ~iacc. In time latter case it isobvious timat time adniissioum of fresim air will hot tend to dry a buildirug,but to render it d:mmmuj).

7. If mu nimmgazimme 10 feet by 2-1 feet by 12 feet, time tcnmpermutmmmcof whuose jntm-inmmi wails, &c. is 15 degrees, were to 1)0 filled witimmaturated air himi~inig a teumiperutune of 50 degrees, amid time nmmmmgazimmesere thmemm closed, imeariy a pimmt ci immoistume would be deposited duringthe cooiimmg of time fucslm air to time temperature of time walls. Time ~mimutof umoisture wommid result f,-onn time qnmaumtity of air sulilcient merely to filltime mumagazimie ; limit if time vetitilatoms were epeul, time air might beremiewed unmimmy timuics iii time course of mu day, amid mcry much more tluan apint of miuoistumrc be deposited.

8. Air cimlemilug a building whose temperature is higlmer than it~omvum, i)ceomnes capable of mmbsorbimmg mnoistuue froumm danup smmrIimces.

9. Time euiiciemmcy of time vcntiiatioim of a umuigrizumue will depend Ui)Ouitime degree of drymiess which time fmeslm air rmdmnitted into it posssscs, mmmdtime rapidity of lime emmirent of dry air passing through time bmmiidimmg.

10. Time dryumess of air is immdie:mted by time mmmmmmubcn of degrees byuvlmich its tempcrmmtmmre e~tccedsits dewpoint.

24

Appendix--- conthmued.

11. Time ventilators of magazines should, in all cases, be constructedso as to exclude or adnmmit the esteimmcmi aim at discretion, and 1/meinstructions for their use should ic framed with a u-mew to the exclusion ofthe external air, mv/men time te~nperutule of its dewpoint is above i/matof/he inte,ior of the building, 0)1(1 time admission of 1/ic air ut/men its dew-point is below time tempera/ui-c of time interior of time building.

12. For time foregoing reasons, time common practice by which, underArt, 491, Ordnance ltegmmlations, 1855, magazines are open for purposeof yentilation on every ,flne day, is couisiderably modified.

13. The interior of a bombproof magazine with thick walls rind amaumlted roof, is comnmoumiy colder than the oumtsido air in summer andwarmer in winter. \Vimiter is therefore time more favomurable season forventilation ; but in time climate of En~1a 1r~~-exeeptionsto this ruleare numerous, owing to time prera of warm dammmpwinds from the south amid west, and dry wiuidsfrom the uiortim mind east.

LONDONP~im~rzaTO~lisa Mi ~-rys STATIONZ3! OFFICS,

IIY iiARRiSO~AND SONS,is OiDzNABy To 1J~&MAJ~iT!.

- ~r men itO. ii 728404)