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REGIONAL LANDUSE POLICIES IN THE CONTEXT OF DEVELOPMENT OF NCR 1

Regional Landuse Policies in the Context of

Development of National Capital Region

Presented by

J.N. Barman, Joint Director (Technical)

National Capital Region Planning Board

19th May, 2011


Structure of Presentation

•Organisation- NCRPB

•Regional Plan-2021 for NCR

•Regional Landuse Analysis

•Policies and Proposals

•National Physical Plan for Malyasia-2020


NCR Planning Board’s Mandate

• ‘Preamble’ of the NCRPB Act, 1985 provides the rationale for

constituting the ‘National Capital Region’ as

‘An Act to provide for the constitution of a Planning Board for

the preparation of a plan for the development of the National

Capital Region and for co-coordinating and monitoring the

implementation of such plan and for evolving harmonized

policies for the control of land-uses and development of

infrastructure in the National Capital Region so as to avoid any

haphazard development of that region and for matters

connected therewith or incidental thereto.’

• ‘National Capital Region Planning Board’ was constituted under

NCRPB Act, 1985 to promote growth and balanced development

of the Region in 1985.


NCR Planning Board’s Constitution

• National Capital Region Planning Board is a high level statutory Board consisting of (21 members and 10 co-opted members) – Chairman – Minister of Urban Development, Govt. of India

– Members

– Union Ministers for Power, Communication & IT, Railways and

Roads & Highways; – Chief Ministers of Haryana, Uttar Pradesh, Rajasthan and NCT

Delhi; – Lt. Governor of NCT of Delhi; – Secretary, Ministry of Urban Development; – Chief Secretaries of Haryana, Rajasthan and NCT of Delhi; – Principal Advisor (HUD), Planning Commission; – Secretary, Housing & Urban Development of U.P. – Member Secretary of the NCR Planning Board


NCR Planning Board’s Functions

• Section 7 of the NCR Planning Board Act, 1985 provides following functions of the Board:

a. to prepare the Regional Plan and the Functional Plans ; b. to arrange for the preparation of Sub-Regional Plans and

Project Plans by each of the participating States and the Union territory ;

c. to co-ordinate the enforcement and implementation of the Regional Plan, Functional Plans, Sub-Regional Plans and Project Plans through the participating States and the Union territory ;

d. to ensure proper and systematic programming by the participating States and the Union territory;

e. to arrange for, and oversee, the financing of selected development projects in the NCR through Central and State Plan funds and other sources of revenue.


NCR: Constituents areas

(Area in Sq Kms)

NCT-Delhi 1,483

Haryana 13,413

Uttar Pradesh 10,853

Rajasthan 7,829

Total 33,578

▪ NCR area is

− 1.06% of the India’s area;

− 86% of the Kerala

− 75.9% of Haryana

− 66.67% of Punjab

NCR area is almost 23 times that

of NCT-Delhi (1,483 sq kms)

NCR area is more than the

combined area of 3 States of

Tripura, Nagaland and Sikkim

(27,885 sq kms)


NCR: Population Distribution

0

50

100

150

200

250

300

350

400

1981 1991 2001

Delhi

Har

Raj

UP

NCR

Sub-region wise Growth / Distribution of Population (in Lakhs)

Urban-Rural Components of Population in NCR (1981-2001) Urban-Rural Comp Percent share (%)

/Year 1981 1991 2001

Urban NCR 45.87 50.23 56.39 Rural NCR 54.13 49.77 43.61

Urban NCR* 24.53 29.39 34.47

Note: *Urban NCR excluding NCT-Delhi

Year

Sub-region (in Lakhs)

NCR Delhi Haryana Rajasthan U.P.

2001 371.00 138.50 86.87 29.92 115.70

2011 486.19 179.90 117.55 37.91 150.83

2021 641.38 234.87 160.16 48.06 198.29

Population Projection as per Regional Plan-2021 for NCR


Regional Plan

District Plans Sub-Regional Plans

Master/Development Plans

Functional Plans

Project Plans

To be prepared by the State Government or Local Body/Authority

To be prepared by the State Government

To be prepared by NCRPB

Planning Process


Regional Plan-2021 for NCR


Regional Plan-2021: Aim and objectives

To promote growth and balanced development of the National

Capital Region through

• Providing suitable economic base for future growth in identified

regional settlements to absorb economic impulse of NCT-Delhi

• Promoting sustainable development

• Providing rational land use pattern

• Developing urban infrastructural facilities

• Providing efficient and cost effective rail and road based

transport network

• Minimizing adverse environmental impact

• Innovative methods of resource mobilization and attracting

private investments


Regional Plan-2021 for NCR • Regional Plan covers the policies and proposals of the following

sectors/ aspects:

- Demographic Profile & Settlement Pattern

- Economic Activities

- Transport

- Power

- Water

- Sewerage, SWM, Drainage & Irrigation

- Telecommunication

- Shelter

- Social Infrastructure

- Heritage & Tourism

- Environment

- Disaster Management

- Rural Development

- Regional Landuse

- Counter Magnet Areas


Regional Plan-2021: Thrust areas

• Lays down Land Uses at the Regional level for harmonious

development

• Proposes Development of Metro and Regional Centres as powerful

growth nodes to attract major activities

• Provide regional transport linkages and Mass Commuter System

• Construction of peripheral expressways and orbital rail corridor

around Delhi

• Development of core urban infrastructure (transport, power, water

supply, sewerage, drainage etc.) in NCR towns

• Facilitate development of the region’s economy through Model

Industrial Estates, Special Economic Zones etc. outside NCT-Delhi

• Develop critical Project Plans which are integral elements of the

development vision


Regional Plan-2021: Existing Landuse Analysis

DEVELOPMENT OF LAND USE 1999 DATA BASE

Data Source : 1. NRSC : IRS 1C ( PAN+ LISS III) of March 1999

2.Survey of India :Topographical Sheets

3.State Governments Inputs

Scale : 1:50 000

Land Use Map - 1999 prepared using :

- Visual Interpretation

- Digital Mosaicing Techniques

- Application of Remote Sensing Techniques


Regional Plan-2021: Landuse Analysis

Land Use Classification LEVEL-I LEVEL-II LEVEL-III

1.Built-Up 11 Dense Builtup-Res 101 Non residential

12 Dense Builtup-Res 102 Open/vacant land

13 Dense Builtup-Res 103 Recreational

14 Engulfed villages 104 Green Spaces

105 Historical Monuments

2.Agriculture 21 Cultivated 231 Horticulture/Mango

22 Fallow

23 Plantation

24 Farm houses

3.Forest 31 Dense Forest 322 Social forestry

32 Plantation

33 Open Scrub

4.Wastelands 41 Gullied land

42 Saline land

43 Waterlogged

44 Barren

45 Rocky

63 River Sand


Regional Plan-2021: Landuse Analysis Land Use Classification

LEVEL-I LEVEL-II LEVEL-III

5. Water Bodies 51 River/Stream

52 Canal

53 Drain

54 Lake

55 Tank

56 Pond

6. Others 61 Mine 311 Forest boundary

62 Quarry 312 Forest boundary

621 Stone Quarry

622 Brick Kiln

106 Landfill sites

9999 NCR Boundary

999 State Boundary

99 District Boundary

7. Transportation 71. Road 721 Railway line

711 National Highway 73 Airport

712 State Highway


Regional Plan-2021: Existing Landuse-1999

Category Area (hectares) % to total

Built-up 263,500 8.71

Agriculture 24,04,964 79.52

Forest 1,21,435 4.02

Wastelands 2,00,535 6.63

Water bodies 24,217 0.80

Others 9,549 0.32

Total NCR 30,24,200 100.00

Existing Landuse-1999 in NCR


Regional Plan-2021: Existing Landuse 1999


Regional Plan-2021: Existing Landuse-1999

Category 1986 1999

Area %age Area %age

Built-up 98,794 3.26 2,63,500 8.71

Agriculture 26,50,585 87.64 24,04,964 79.52

Forests 77,512 2.56 1,21,435 4.02

Wastelands 1,85,886 6.14 2,00,535 6.63

Water bodies 3,235 0.10 24,217 0.80

Others 8,200 0.27 9,549 0.32

Total 30,24,200 100.00 30,24,200 100.00

Landuse Change Analysis in NCR: 1986-1999


Landuse Distribution

LANDUSE 1986

87.64%

3.27%

2.56%

6.15%

0.28%0.11%

Built-up Agriculture Forests

Wasteland Waterbodies Others

LANDUSE 1993

86.18%

4.07%

3.63%

5.07%0.06% 0.98%



LAND-USE DISTRIBUTION IN NATIONAL CAPITAL REGION

LANDUSE 1999

79.53%

8.72%

4.02%

6.63%0.32% 0.80%




Regional Plan-2021: Issues

• Large scale conversion of agriculture land to non-

agriculture use. Agriculture area reduced from 88% in 1986

to 80% in 1999.

• Unauthorized conversion of land uses particularly along the

transport corridors.

• Unplanned and haphazard growth in environmentally

sensitive areas like river beds, ridge areas, forest areas, etc.

• Rural Settlements close to Delhi and other Metropolitan

Cities in NCR under-going rapid physical and socio

economic changes and shortage of basic services.

• Existing Town & Country Planning Acts in the NCR

participating States do not have any control on location of

urban activities in rural areas outside the notified

controlled/development areas.


Policies and Proposals of Regional Plan-2021

for NCR


DEHRADUN

SHIBI OR SAHIBI

RIV

ER

NH

1

NH

58

NH24

NH

10

NH

71

NH8

NH

2

NH

91

NH

71A

SH11

SH

57

SH47

SH39

SH18

SH28

SH14

SH13

SH

25

SH25

SH24

SH22

SH20

SH16

SH16

A

SH10

GA

NG

A

RIV

ER

RIV

ER

HIN

DA

N

RIV

ER

KA

LI

RIV

ER

YA

MU

NA

GA

NG

A R

IVER

RIVER

KALI

TO

PA

NIP

AT

TO

SH

AM

LI

TO

MU

ZA

FF

AR

NA

GA

R

TO MUZAFFARNAGAR

TO

AL

IGA

RH

TO

MA

TH

UR

A

TO M

URA

DA

BAD

TO M

URA

DA

BAD

TO JIND

TO JIND

TO JIN

D

TO HANSI

TO BHIWANI

TO

BH

IWA

NI

TO CHARKHI DADRI

TO MAHENDRAGARH

TO NARNAUL

TO N

ARN

AU

L

TO JAIP

UR

TO JAIPUR

TO

JA

IPU

R

TO

ALIG

AR

H TO

ALIG

AR

H

TO JAIP

UR

TO MURADABAD

TO HANSI

UTTAR

PRADESH

RAJASTHAN

HARYANA

DELHI NOIDA

MEERUT SONEPAT-

KUNDLI

GHAZIABAD

G.NOIDA

FARIDABAD

GURGAON

BARAUT

BAGHPAT

BAHADURGARH HAPUR

PALWAL

ALWAR

BEHROR

BHIWADI

REWARI

DHARUHERA

BAWAL

KHURJA

BULANDSHAHR

SHAHJAHANPUR

NEEMRANA

PANIPAT

ROHTAK

Regional Plan-2021: Settlement Pattern 7 Metro Centres/Complexes • Faridabad

• Ghaziabad-Loni Complex

• Meerut

• Sonepat - Kundli Complex

• Greater Noida

11 Regional Centres • Bahadurgarh

• Panipat

• Rohtak

• Palwal

• Rewari-Dharuhera-Bawal

• Hapur

• Bulandshahr-Khurja

• Baghpat-Baraut Complex

• Alwar

• Greater Bhiwadi

• Shahjahanpur-Neemrana-Behror

Hierarchical Level Population Range

Metro Centre 10,00,000 and above

Regional Centre 3,00,001 – 10,00,000

Sub-regional Centre 50,001 – 3,00,000

Service Centre 10,001 – 50,000

Central Village 5,000 – 10,000

Basic Village Below 5,000

Hierarchy of settlements

PATIALA

AMBALA

DEHRADUN

BAREILLY

KANPUR

KOTA

HISSAR

8 Counter-magnet area • Bareilly (UP)

• Gwalior (MP)

• Hissar (Haryana)

• Kota (Rajasthan)

• Patiala (Punjab)

• Ambala (Haryana)

• Dehradun (Uttrakhand)

• Kanpur (U.P.)

GWALIOR


Regional Plan-2021: Settlement Pattern

Rural Settlements

Service Centre

Large village (10000-50000) to be developed as agro-service centre, collection and distribution of agriculture goods and services with processing, marketing, warehousing and storage facilities.

Central Village

Central Village (5000-10000) to be developed with relatively better services and facilities like education, health, communication, accessibility and has a capacity to serve group of basic villages.

Basic Village

All other census villages with population less than 5000. Basic facilities like link roads, water supply, electricity, low-cost, common sanitary facilities with minimum required social infrastructure as per planning norms.


Regional Plan-2021 Policies for Environment

• Protection and conservation of good agricultural land

• Land suitability analysis in Master/ Development Plans for land

use allocations

• Protection of identified natural and manmade heritage sites

for the protection of bio-diversity and culture

• Development Plan to be prepared for the protected areas

• To increase the area under forest from 4% to 10%

• Environmentally sensitive areas such as forests, wetlands,

water bodies etc. to be protected

• Regular monitoring of air, water, noise & land pollution by the

respective state pollution control boards


Regional Plan-2021 for NCR Policies for Rural Development

• Service Centres and Central Villages to be identified and their role to

be spell out in the Sub-Regional / District Plans by the States.

• State Governments will prepare detailed rural development

Programmes and incorporate in the various programmes of Ministry

of Rural Development in the Sub-Regional / District Plans.

• Provisions of urban amenities / facilities in rural areas like

connectivity, housing, sanitation, water supply, communication,

social infrastructure to improve the quality of life.

• Provisions for protection of rural areas from unauthorized activities

be made in the Sub-Regional Plans by the State Governments.


Regional Plan-2021: Proposed Regional Land use

REGIONAL LANDUSE POLICIES IN THE CONTEXT OF DEVELOPMENT OF NCR 27 27

Regional Landuse Policies and Proposals

•Urbanisable Area

•Master plans of towns to be prepared within the

framework of RP2021.

•Population Densities be followed as per RP-2021

norms.

•Agricultural (rural) Zone within Controlled Area

•Activities as per Zoning Regulations of RP2021

• Green Buffers

•Green buffers along the ROW of the Transport

Network be maintained :

• Expressways/By Pass - 100 m.

National Highway - 60 m.

State Highway - 30 m.

Railway line - 30 m.

•Activities as per Zoning Regulations of RP-

2021 to be permitted

Contd..

1. Controlled/Development/Regulated Zone



2 Highway corridor zone

• To prevent ribbon development, a regulated zone to

be provided.

• Minimum width of 500 metres on either side of ROW

to be notified as Controlled/ Area

• Boundaries of the highway corridor zone to be

delineated based on revenue village boundary by the

State Governments.

• Master Plan to be prepared for

development/conservation based on development

potentialities.

3 Natural Conservation Zone

• Extension of Aravalli ridge to be developed in

accordance with notifications issued by MOEF.

• Water bodies, Ox-bow lakes and Paleo -channels and

other ground water recharging areas to be kept free

from encroachment/development.

• Detailed conservation Plans to be prepared for the

nature conservation zones.

Contd..



• Existing cultivated land to be

conserved for agricultural use and

efforts be made to increase

production through intensive

cultivation.

• Measures to be initiated for protection

of prime agricultural land and ensure

its needless conservation into non-

agricultural/urban use.

• Use of less valuable land for urban

expansion / new urban centres /

development purposes

4 Agricultural (rural) zone outside notified controlled/ development areas


NATIONAL PHSYICAL PLAN-2020

MALAYSIA


National Physical Plan-2020 Malaysia

•National Physical Plan (NPP) for Malaysia prepared under the provisions of Town & Country Planning Act, 1976 (Amended) 2001.

•NPP was prepared by the Federal Department of Town & Country Planning, Ministry of Housing and Local Government in 2005.

•Total Area 1,31,816 sq.km.

•Population - 18.5 million in 2000.

•Region Four - Northern Region, Central Region, Southern region and Eastern region

•States 12

•Major natural features- High lands, forests, coastal areas, rivers, lakes and plains



Objectives

•To rationalise national spatial planning for economic efficiency.

•To optimise utilization of land and natural resources for sustainable development.

•To promote balanced regional development.

•To secure spatial and environmental quality and diversity for high quality of life.



1980 1991 2000 2020

11.42 14.80 18.52 26.80

Population in Million

Population

1991 2000 2020

Urban 7.68

(54.3%)

12.12

(65.4)

20.11

(75%)

Rural 6.45

(45.7%)

6.40

(34.6%)

6.69

(25%)

Total 14.13

(100%)

18.52

(100%)

26.8

(100%)

Urban & Rural Population



Existing Landuse -2001

Built-up areas 4370.90 3.3%

Agriculture 66687.30 50.6%

Forests 58448.90 44.4%

Water Bodies 2309.30 1.70

Total 131816.40 100%



Land Availability Assessment

Land development limitations

identified are:

• Existing built-up areas.

• Environmentally Sensitive

Areas

• Areas with physical constraints


Policies and Measures



National Spatial Framework-2010

•NPP will serve as framework to

achieve integrated and sustainable

landuse planning in the country.

-Development Plans and Sectoral

Plans to confirm provisions of NPP.

-Uniformity of measurements -

standards and criteria for land use

classification and assessment of

availability of land.

- NPP will provide the spatial

framework for the formulation of

Five Year Malaysian Plan (FYMP).



Selective Concentration

Development Strategy

1.Concentrate urban based

economic activities in main

Conurbations in Kualalumpur,

Georgetown, Baharu and

Kuantan.

2.Urban based economic

activities be located away from

main conurbations in Selected

Urban Growth Centres.

3.Encourage optimum utilisation

of existing Infrastructure like

highways, railways and ports.



Prime Agricultural Areas (PAA)

Support of agriculture to take

cognisance of the threats and

opportunities of urbanization.

1.Prioritize agricultural land to

conserve Prime Agricultural Areas.

2.Eight strategic granary areas

including oil palm areas identified to

be conserved.

3.All PAA outside designated urban

areas not permitted for conversion to

urban uses.

4.All PAA within Conurbations that

fall within green belt to be

permanently conserved.

5.A national exercise be carried out to

identify , designate and map the PAA



Potential Rural Economic

Clusters

Development of Rural Growth

Centres for servicing of rural

population.

1. Social and Commercial

Service and public facilities to

be consolidated at Rural

Growth Centres

2. Public Investments in

infrastructure to support

resource based economic

activities craft based

industries, agro-based and

forest based activities

3. Residents of Isolated

Villages to relocate RGCs to

become economically viable



National Physical Plan also

formulated detailed policies on the

following aspects:

•Protection of Environmentally

Sensitive Areas (ESA).

•Central Forest Spine (CFS)

recommended CFS to be gazetted

under National Forest Act.

•Protection of Sensitive Coastal Eco-

system (SCE).

•Protection of Highlands and Special

Management Areas (HSMA)

•Industrial Sites within Water

Catchments-restriction of location of

industries.

•Flood Prone Area (FPA)-declaration

of river reserved.



Integrated National Development Planning System

1. Project Implementation and Coordination.

- National Development Council, National Development Working Committee and State Development Council.

2. National Development and Economic Planning

- National Economic Council

- National Development Planning Committee

- State Economic Planning Committee

3. National Physical Planning

- National Physical Council

- National Physical Planning Committee

- State Planning Committee

- Local Planning Committee



Plan implementation, monitoring and review

1. Plan implementation

All Federal & State Agencies

2. Monitoring

- DG Town & Country Planning

- Landuse Changes

- Application of policies

3. Plan Review

- DG Town & Country Planning


Suggestions

1. Detailed Spatial (Map) and Non-Spatial (Statistical) Data Base

may be created.

2. National / State / District Level Mapping through Remote Sensing Technology (GIS).

3. Collection of Digital Spatial Data already generated by various Central/State Govts./ Agencies on various aspects of land cover/ land use.

4. Identification and delineation of various types of existing landuses / land cover.

5. Study of various policies proposals of Central Govt./State Govts. for specific areas like forest hill areas, waste lands etc.

6. Identification of issues, problems and potentialities for various types of land uses.

7. Carrying out technical and socio-economic research studies on selected important aspects.

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