Eco sanHistory/cultureScience, greywater, yellow water, blackwaterDesign +projects, inside/outside, low tech, high tech, renter, owner, land size, mix vs no mixLegal, kill em, kindness, persistance, engineeresque-grid like, pe stampList engineers

Pollution solution implementation

objectivesMicrobial function - microphobia - innoculationRhizostructurePsycho-social contextBuerocratic culture

Dead zones - Eutrophication

Industrial World Development

Conventional septic design-prone to failure-major source of pollution

Time release pollution

Most treatment occurs in the rootzone (top 6-8 inches of soil)

Graywater - wastewater from sinks, showers and laundry fixtures etc., not toilets.

Irrigate your gardentopsoil purifies waterReduces water use and downstream pollutionSave $

Gravity fed, no pumpsMinimal filtrationNot as efficient at dispersing water

Greywater Drip Systempre treatment system prevents clogging.Pumping requiredUse with perennial or no dig garden to minimize exposureVery efficient

Vermitrap w/ wetland filter

HUMANURE - soil structure!

Human fecal PathogensSalmonella ShigellaYersinia Campylobacter AeromonasCandida E. coli O157 CryptosporidiumEntamoeba histolyticaAscaris

HUMUS - not just bean dip maintains high and healthy levels of soil life by feeding microbesorganic compounds made available to growing plantskeeps soil nutrients from leaching away through chelationcan hold the equivalent of 80-90% of its weight in moisturebiochemical structure of humus enables it to moderate or buffer excessive acid or alkaline soil conditions.allows greater aeration of the soil through creation of crumb structuredark colour of humus (usually black or dark brown) helps to warm up cold soilsToxic substances e.g. heavy metals, excess nutrients bound to the complex organic molecules, prevented from entering ecosystem.

90% dried microbes

Wetlands - Natures Liver

Constructed Wetlands

Restorers - floating wetlands

Living Machine w/ constructed wetland

Very SexyExpensive

Zero Discharge SystemsFor urban or constrained sites (high water table)

Lalati, Beqa Island, Fiji

Composting/Dry ToiletsCompost the feces: add chunky carbonDry the feces: add ash or limeTopdress perrennials or amend soil with the rich black goodness

Poopooponics

Urine diverting dry composting toilets

Separette

Squatter

Kid friendly

Urine: Liquid Gold

Sterile90% of the nutrients (n-p-k) in wastewaterGrow all your food!

Disease RiskUrine-transmitted diseases: leptospirosis, schistosoma and salmonella (tropical and wet) IF THERE, most die when leave hostWays to inactivate: time, heat, pH (add ash, etc.) and composting.Public toilet bmps: non-edibles, tree/bush crops, add alkalinity, containment and testing.

Urine Nutrients (Vary widely)

High nitrogen: good for leaf growth

How to use itApply directly to soilBest to dilute 8+:1 with waterAnd/or apply to well-aerated soil, with lots of mulch, compost or woodchips

Compost it Match with carbon: brown leaves, wood chips, paper, etc. Locks up nitrogen for slow release over time

Combine with GraywaterIdeal match with graywaterReduces carbon cloggingFlush out the salt

Urine fertigation

Ejectorlet

Urine-diverting dry and composting toiletsGebers, Sweden

Swedish Farming with UrineGrain crops for animal fodder6 months containment

PEEPEEPONICSWaterless urinal Makes soil directly in planter (this is essentially composting)Zero dischargeSuper efficientNo vector for pathogen contamination

Getting Permits for your SystemPrecedentsSoils testThink sub-surface, avoid ponding

Crapitalism