Rebirth of classical knowledge

Begins in Italian city-states

Spreads to Northern Europe

Humanism – focus on human values and accomplishments, learning

Mona Lisa

by Leonardo da Vinci

Renaissance man

Sistine Chapel

By Michelangelo – realist painter & sculptor

ShakespeareEnglish playwright, poet of Northern Renaissance

Machiavelli – The Prince

Italians dominate

Corruption and sale of indulgences

Huge wealth & influence of merchants

Martin Luther

Salvation by faith alone

All humans equal before God

Posts 95 Theses (problems) on church door

Begins Protestant movement

Henry VIII of England

– Pope in Rome

English church

property as his Elizabeth I

Anglican Church

Dissenters

Spanish Armada

Colonies

John Calvin Predestination

What will happen to you

Protestant movement

Princes

remains Catholic

30 Years War

Edict of Nantes

Calvinists in France Makes 30 Years War political

John Wycliffe Jan Huss Council of Trent

Society of Jesus (Jesuits) Inquisition

individualism secularism

Religious toleration

Printing press Higher literacy, spreads new ideas

Vasco da Gama Portugal Sails around Africa to create trade route to India

Columbus Spain Reaches the New World, decimates indigenous Americans

Magellan Spain His crew 1st to sail around the world, he dies in Philippines

Hernan Cortes Spain Conquistador, conquered the Aztecs in Central Mexico

Francisco Pizarro Spain Conquistador, conquered the Inca in Peru

Francis DrakeEngland Privateer, sailed around the world, defeated Spanish Armada

Jacques Cartier France Reached Canada and claimed it for France

Western Hemisphere – Native Americans

Corn, potatoes, tobacco

Europeans

Horses, cattle, diseases that kill many Indians

lifestyles completely leads to slaveryPlantation

economy and environment

Europe Prince Henry of Portugal pioneers exploration Demand for gold Competition for colonies

Africa European trading ports Slaves & gold exported Christianity spreads

AmericaRigid class systemColonies imitate mother countryChristianity

Sugar & ru

m Manufactured goods

Slaves

Economic practice, colonies benefit mother country banking system & money for markets

Centralize Power – take all of it for themselves

Rule by Divine Right – God’s will

Louis XIVFrance Builds palace

of Versailles

Spends to expand royal power

Peter the Great

Russia Westernizes Russia

Builds St. Petersburg

Takes nobles power

Ignores Parliament, raises taxes

Puritan military leader

Ignores Parliament, raises taxes

Puritan military leader

Cromwell dies and Charles II restores the monarchy to England

Fights with Parliament Factions modern political parties

Peaceful, bloodless revolutionWilliam Mary share power equally with Parliament

Grants rights and freedoms to Englishmen Royal power Eventual democracy & America’s gov

Applies reason to human & natural world, stimulates religious tolerance and new

government

Leviathan Humans exist in natureGovernment protects us

John Locke

Government must protect our life, liberty, & property

Montesquieu

Social Contract

The Spirit of Laws

Government is a contract between people and ruler

Voltaire

Miguel Cervantes

Thomas Jefferson

Eugene Delacroix

Mozart

Religious toleration, separation of church & state

Declaration of Independence Baroque

composerConcertos, fuguesSymphonies, operas

Romantic painter

Don Quixote

Isaac Newton

Discovered laws of gravity

Copernicus – developed heliocentric theory

Kepler – Discovered planetary motion Galileo

Used telescope to support heliocentric theory

William HarveyDiscovered blood circulation

Reason and observation lead to scientific method

EnglandNatural resources (coal, iron), stable government, steam engine

Increased education

Better standard of living

Better transportation

Urbanization - more cities

Harsh working conditions

Factory system ends cottage industries

Pollution & poor housing

Enclosure movement

James Watt Steam EngineSpinning jenny – used in England’s

textile factoriesCotton Gin –demand for labor leads to slavery Process for making strong, cheap steelSmallpox vaccineDiscovers bacteria & cause of sickness

James Hargreaves

Eli WhitneyHenry BessemerEdward JennerLouis Pasteur

Directly ruled by foreign power (America – 13 colonies)Country protected by another 1 (Hawaii)Region where 1 country gets trading rights (China)

Nationalism – competition for power & wealthIndustrial Revolution – demand for natural resources and markets

European conflicts brought to colonies

Dutch & British set up trading ports in India

Christian missionaries convert natives to Christianity

Built in Egypt to cut travel time to India, England controls it Held in 1884, European Powers divide up Africa for themselves

Matthew Perry 1854 AmericaEast India Company

1930s-1940s

Jews, non-Aryans, disabled

Adolf Hitler’s Final

SolutionSoviet Union

Political enemies,

intellectuals

Joseph Stalin & secret police

Rwanda 1994 Hutu militia

Cambodia

1970’s Artists, enemies,

intellectuals

1. High Literacy rate 2. Low fertility rate

(babies per mother)

3. Slow or no population growth

4. Freemarket economies

5. Large middle class

6. Political freedom

1. High Birth rates = rapid growth

2. Low literacy rates3. Little access to health care4. Poverty5. Poor health

Ethnic & religious conflict Climate change illiteracyPollution rapid growth Terrorism

Refugees countriesGuest workerstemporary

Global peace keeping organization lends money to developing nations at a cost free trade agreement between US, Canada, & Mexico Global organization promoting free trade - common currency and easier borders in Europe

• Munich Olympics• 9/11 attacks• Car bombings• Suicide bombers• Airline hijackers

Surveillance

Review of privacy rights

Security at ports and airports

Identification badges and photos