screening diverse fig cultivars for commercial potentialucanr.edu/datastorefiles/391-301.pdf ·...

Screening Diverse Fig Cultivars for Commercial

Potential

Ed Stover-Curator/Research [email protected]

Carlos Crisosto, Malli Aradhya, Louise Ferguson

NCGR Missions:AcquireMaintain

Characterizeand Distribute

Plant Genetic Diversity

• Our Ficus Collection pre 2005–78 named fruit cultivars,

mainly European origin, but also US

–44 regional selections– 28 caprifigs–40 breeder’s selections, mainly UC

Riverside (Condit & Storey)–5 species / interspecific hybrids, most

Ficus species in Miami

Italian 88HacinChater GreenItalian 395Grise de ProvanceCharles AllenItalian 372Green PanacheeCaloia (Los Angeles)Italian 358Green Italian 06BourisotteItalian 320Green German 1920BosnatItalian 281GazirBlue GiantItalian 258Frickmann Long YellowBlack JackItalian 256Figue D’orBig White (Moore)Italian 253Encanto Brown TurkeyBianchi (Polenski)Italian 215EncantoBenaski AdriaticItalian 169Drap D’OrBeers BlackIgoDouble HeaderBecaneHurricaneDokkarBaradaHearty ChicagoDawalkiAsisiHarvey AdriaticDark No. 1 PortugeseAlgerian (Watts)NameNameNamePage 1New Figs received by NCGR 2005-06

StandfordNegro Largo

Spanish AmberNegra (Watts)SierraMonaco

Yougo #7Sal'sMahoYede VernRouge de BordeauxLSU Purple

White RussianRoscoffLSU Gold

White OCRenan's StrawberryLong Yellow (Furtado)Vista Red ItalianLong Yellow

Violette SeporPortuguese WhiteLemon

VioletaOregon Little RedLattarula

Vina #4NSA #1Kop Fiomi

VerdaleNero CesarJurupaNameNameName

Page 2New Figs received by NCGR 2005-06

Some likely already in collection under other names!

MaraboutPersCapri1

VerninoDeanna

DiredoConadria1Conadria2

CapriARoeding3

PersCapriUcr291 4

GulbunSelArchipel

Roeding2Aked

ExcelKarayaprak

StanfordMaslinEdible

BournabatTenaCapriX

PastilierePanachee

PersCapri2MaryLaneDFIC0023AOsbornProlific

SnowdenZidi

YellowNechesSantaCruzLigh

SantaCruzWhitGenoaGenoaWhite

GiantAmberSantaCruzDark

FlandersCeleste

BlanquetteAdriatic

CapriWCapriQ

BarnissotteIschiaBlack

Ucr291IschiaWhiteNativeDe

CalvertVerte

VioletteDeAlma

MissionSanPietro

BrunswickRattlesnake

CapitolaLongDauphinePiedDeBoeuf

StJeanMilco

Kadota1Trojano

KingKadota2

BrownTurkeyColDeDame

VerdalLongueBeall

MonstrueuseIschiaGreen

BlackMadeiraUcr278128

SpPumila1 change

Group 1

Group 2

Group 3

Group 4

Group 5

Group 6

Group 7

Clu

ster

1C

lust

er 1

Clu

ster

2C

lust

er 2

Genetic relationships among the 74 fig accessionsusing Nei and Li distance relationship, Clusters by UPGMA

Use of DNA fingerprints in figs:

•Identify misnamed varieties

•Determine genetic diversity in collection

•Initial effort identified 2 main clusters and 7 groups

•All 4 San Pedro types in Group 6!?

>122 done now, will fingerprint entire collection this year

4 leaves > 6" long103 leaves > 6" long92 leaves > 6" long8largest leaves 6" long7largest leaves 4" long6largest leaves 2" long5multiple leaves apparent41st leaves apparent3some swelling and bract separation2some swelling no bract separation1buds show no swelling or bract separation0

Rate of Shoot Development in Fig Cultivars

101010109785.55K6-5

10109.59.58.58865Orphan

101010988755Marabout-c (Gulbun?)101010987655Kadota

109.58.58.586643.5135-15s

109.59976.5643.5Adriatic

10109.59.586.564.53Panachee

10109.59.58.56.5652.5UCR 276-14

1010897.56542.5White TX Everbearing

109.59.510976.54.52152-4s

10109.5108663.51.5UCR291

98ndndndndndndndKing

97766.55531Golden Celeste

101010107.56.5640.5Marabout

9.5988.5765.54.50.5Brown Turkey

10109.59865.530Zidi

109997.55.553.50Violette de Bordeaux

987765530Mission

1098.58.5854.530Calimyrna

1098.587.54.542.50Snowden

4.29.054.22.054.15.054.8.054.1.053.25.053.18.053.11.053.4.05

Rate of Shoot Development in Fig Cultivars

> note that brebas have been caprified

.030.2512.5UCR291

.060.2525K6-5

.020.3755.5St. Jean

.190.7525Violette de Bordeaux

.150.87517.5UCR 276-14

.350.87540Brown Turkey

.25125Kadota

.25125Mission

.48147.5Orphan

.791.552.5Dauphine

.962.12545135-15s

.252.510Marabout-c B (Gulbun?)1.72.7562.5White Texas Everbearing7.67.625100Kingscoreper branchwith BrebasCultivarBrebaBrebas% Branches

2005 Fig Characterization: Brebas

4.103318.6amberYG w/ yellowWhite TX

7.8604126.7amberGreen/ purpleSt. Jean

6.62010625.5whiteYG w/ yellowOrphan

4.1404320.7dark redBlackMission

0.5205717.4amberYG w/ yellowMarabout C.

5.505715pinkYG w/ greenKing

3.4407315.9amberYG w/ greenK6-5

3.409021.3amberGreen/ purpleDauphine

6.59012317.1amberGreen/ purpleBrown Turkey

4.405816.5amberGreen/yellow135-155

cavity diam(mm)

crack (%)

fruit wt (g)brixInternal colorexternal colorCultivar

Breba Quality

King or Desert King, the breba king (but these are main crop)!

00Marabout-c A (purple)DFIC00300VerteDFIC02600ZidiDFIC03600SnowdenDFIC08700PanacheeDFIC00200Osborne ProlificDFIC07500MaraboutDFIC05100Hative De ArgentileDFIC08600Golden CelesteDFIC16100Col De DameDFIC07400CalimyrnaDFIC05700AdriaticDFIC03200152-4sDFIC060

per branchw/ BrebasBrebas% Branches

2005 Fig Characterization: Brebas

1071075Brown Turkey971580Genoa White982385Celeste5543100Archipel7613107Armenian8512110Ucr 278-1288623110Violette De Bordeaux9613128Pied De Boeuf8518130Excel7617175Giant Amber

9618195Santa Cruz Dark10623200Orphan12828350Yellow Neches

fruiting wood (in)per branchfruit ripeper treecultivarLength / branchNo. fruitPercentNo. ripe

>4 typical branches per tree8.5.05Eary Maturity in Entire Fig Collection

Yellow Neches= earliest bearing for main crop, and most fruit/tree. HOWEVER, small

3=poor persistence2=reasonably persistent1=clearly persistent

12622Marabout-c (Gulbun)

12428Kadota

1106Mission

11824Verte

11514UCR 276-14

smaller in bag?11613Panachee

11919Osborne Prolific

11413Orphan

11116King

11814Brown Turkey

NotesRating*CaprifiedNot CaprifiedNumber of Fruit / 2 Branch

2005 Fig Characterization: Persistence, bagged 5/23/05, assessed 8/18/05

3=poor persistence2=reasonably persistent1=clearly persistent

much smaller in bag3263Snowden

371Marabout

3101Col De Dame

much smaller in bag3132Calimyrna

some fully develop2.564Zidi

much smaller in bag2.5145Golden Celeste

2.560152-4s

274UCR291

inconsistent296135-15s

1.52316White TX Everbearing

1.52322Violette de Bordeaux

1.52319St. Jean

1.5116K6-5

1.51410Adriatic

NotesRating*CaprifiedNot CaprifiedNumber of Fruit / 2 Branch

2005 Fig Characterization: Persistence

0.3723.281.729.041.17Tree Ripe0.6519.250.020.822.99CommercialAdriatic0.2822.267.037.821.53Tree Ripe0.6217.220.540.71.66CommercialKadota0.3320.3368.649.492.29Tree Ripe0.4315.646.342.945.27CommercialCalimyrna0.3324.4550.041.822.23Tree Ripe0.6218.251.035.464.35CommercialWhite TX Everbear0.292189.840.671.76Tree Ripe0.4415.581.037.533.65CommercialMarabout-c Gulbun?0.3119.577.550.721.55Tree Ripe0.5916.385.347.363.28CommercialUCR 291 0.3316.9340.345.072.16Tree Ripe0.5414.749.336.073.35CommercialK6-50.424.268.341.921.83Tree Ripe0.6317.244.839.184.39Commercial135-15s

TA(%)SSC (%)

Color (%)Frt wt (g)

Firm (lb)MaturityCultivar

Fruit Quality: Main Crop

-38.030.918.57.7-51.8% increase tree ripe

0.321.372.638.91.8mean tree ripe

0.616.361.236.13.8mean commercial

0.312396.029.571.8Tree Ripe0.5216.891.528.023.49CommercialMission0.2915.685.056.681.58Tree Ripe0.3813.686.850.392.75CommercialBrown Turkey0.2122.280.049.02Tree Ripe0.4616.684.547.363.79CommercialMarabout0.291868.839.972.12Tree Ripe0.5414.133.335.195.56CommercialDauphine0.42499.557.812.12Tree Ripe0.6217.295.559.014.2CommercialZidi

TA(%)SSC (%)Color (%)Frt wt (g)Firm (lb)MaturityCultivar

Fruit Quality: Main Crop

72438Tree Ripe

201070Commercial+3 days 20°C

01655Tree Ripe


9213067Tree Ripe

1200090Commercial7 days at 0°C

Brown Turkey

(%)(%)(%)(%)(%)stageBlemishCrackingOff colorDecaySoundMaturity

Cultivar/Time

Fruit Quality after Storage

294350Tree Ripe


21050Tree Ripe


34035028Tree Ripe


Panachee


Cultivar/Time


73644Tree Ripe


01654Tree Ripe


8108085Tree Ripe


Zidi


Cultivar/Time


842117227Violette de Bordeaux

2975121261Calimyrna6477122312Marabout6186127287Snowden1963152352Conadria74116174284Ischia Black4192189426Brown Turkey58108190370Mission

100154215585Blanquette87160222402Bournabat90133224534Panachee86158241411Zidi42110309729UCR 276-1453169350805152-4s61175405920UCR291

# ripe 9.30+# ripe 9.22+# ripe 9.14+# ripe 9.7+

2005 Fig Late Season Ripeness

3.4 browntanK6-53.4 carameltan to brownCalimyrna3.6 brownbrown to dark speckledGolden Celeste3.7 reddish brownmottled tan to dark brownAdriatic3.7 dark brownblackMission3.9 browntanSnowden4.0 caramelmottled tan to blackMarabout4.2 caramelbrownConadria4.2 caramelmottled tan to dark brownOrphan4.2 brownmottled brown to blackPied De Boeuf4.3 reddish brownblackZidi

Quality Color InColor Out

2005 Fig Quality Dried

Tentative Plans for 2006• Broad assessment of flushing, breba production, and

early ripening across entire collection• Assessment of fruit production timing across caprifig

collection• Repeat and expansion of caprification influence• Shelf life and quality assessment in more depth on

fewer cultivars• We look forward to your input!!

DFIC 0023 F. carica x F. palmata

screening diverse fig cultivars for commercial potentialucanr.edu/datastorefiles/391-301.pdf ·...

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