OPERATING SYSTEM

AND

ITS FUNCTIONS

Presented By:-

Bhavya Chawla

9th E

Index Introduction

What is Operating System ?

Major Functions of Operating Systems

Types of operating systems

Introduction

The operating system is the core software component of

your computer. It performs many functions and is, in

very basic terms, an interface between your computer

and the outside world. In the section about hardware, a

computer is described as consisting of several component

parts including your monitor, keyboard, mouse, and

other parts.

What is an Operating System ?

The operating system is the most important program that runs on

a computer. Every general-purpose computer must have an

operating system to run other programs. Operating systems

perform basic tasks, such as recognizing input from the keyboard,

sending output to the display screen, keeping track of files

and directories on the disk, and controlling peripheral devices such

as disk drives and printers.

Major Functions of Operating System

Providing an interface to the user.

Managing system resources.

Managing security and access rights.

Running applications

Process Management

Memory Management

Extended Machine

Mastermind

PROCESS MANAGEMENT

By process management OS manages

many kinds of activities :-All process from start to shut down

Creation and deletion of user and system

processes.

MEMORY

MANAGEMENT

The major activities of an operating regard to

memory-management are:-

Decide which process are loaded into

memory when memory space becomes

available.

Allocate and deallocate memory space as

needed.

FILE MANAGEMENT

The file management system allows

the user to perform such tasks:-

Creating files and directories

Renaming files

Coping and moving files

Deleting files

SECURITY MANAGEMENT

By security management OS

manages many tasks such as:-Alert messages

Dialogue boxes

Firewall

Passwords

COMMAND INTERPRETER

A command interpreter is an interface between

system and the user. There are two types of

user interface:-

Command line

Graphical user interface

Types of Operating System

Real-time operating system(RTOS)

Distributed Operating System

Linux Operating System

The Windows Operating System

The Graphical User Interface

REAL TIME OPERATING SYSTEM

(RTOS)

A real-time operating system (RTOS) is an operating

system (OS) intended to serve real-time applications that

process data as it comes in, typically without buffer

delays. Processing time requirements (including any OS

delay) are measured in tenths of seconds or shorter

increments of time. They either are event driven or time

sharing. Event driven systems switch between tasks

based on their priorities while time sharing systems

switch the task based on clock interrupts.

DESTRIBUTED OPERATING

SYSTEM

Second is a higher-level collection of system management

components that coordinate the node's individual and

collaborative activities. These components abstract

microkernel functions and support user applications.

The microkernel and the management components

collection work together. They support the system’s goal

of integrating multiple resources and processing

functionality into an efficient and stable system. This

seamless integration of individual nodes into a global

system is referred to as transparency, or single system

image; describing the illusion provided to users of the

global system’s appearance as a single computational

entity.

LINUX OPERATING SYSTEM

Linux is one of popular version of UNIX operating System. It is open

source as its source code is freely available. It is free to use. Linux was

designed considering UNIX compatibility.

Components of Linux System

Kernel − Kernel is the core part of Linux. It is responsible for all major

activities of this operating system. It consists of various modules and it

interacts directly with the underlying hardware. Kernel provides the

required abstraction to hide low level hardware details to system or

application programs.

System Library − System libraries are special functions or programs

using which application programs or system utilities accesses Kernel's

features. These libraries implement most of the functionalities of the

operating system and do not requires kernel module's code access

rights.

THE WINDOWS OPERATING

SYSTEM

Windows OS, computer operating system(OS) developed

by Microsoft Office to run personal computer(PCs). Featuring the

first graphical user Interface(GUI) for IBM-compatible PCs, the

Windows OS soon dominated the PC market. Approximately 90

percent of PCs run some version of Windows.

The first version of Windows, released in 1985, was simply a GUI

offered as an extension of Microsoft’s existing disk operating

system, or MS-DOS. Based in part on licensed concepts that Apple

Inc. had used for its Macintosh System Software, Windows for the

first time allowed DOS users to visually navigate a virtual desktop,

opening graphical “windows” displaying the contents of electronic

folders and files with the click of a mouse button, rather than

typing commands and directory paths at a text prompt.

GRAPHICAL USER INTERFACE

The graphical user interface ,is a type of user interface that

allows users to interact with electronic devices through

graphical icons and visual indicators such as secondary notation,

instead of text-based user interfaces, typed command labels or text

navigation. GUIs were introduced in reaction to the perceived

steep learning curve of command-line interfaces (CLIs), which

require commands to be typed on a computer keyboard.

Mobile OS

Google Android OS

Apple iOS

BlackBerry

Symbian OS

Windows 8

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