question bank - 5th sem

5/9/2018 Question bank - 5th sem

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~ ; o - :~ . "

Visvesvaraya Technological Univergty'B..E. Blctechnolngy-V Semester.Il'ffMUNOLOG\,r

"CQDI:: BY54 _ _ _ ' Max Marks: 100'Time: 3Hours.Model Question Paper

.IRUCTIO~S: ,.Az""!C any five fu II questions, 'iil All full Q uelitigns carry equal m arks.) ~JIM account of barriers to classical cpm:;'~ente.h.way1:..'-/"/';o marks...aplainjnnate iinmuni~ ' ,. E.'_' .. --'.._. = . . , . ~ . . - - ' . . - - - - '5 marks

c...lK iU ashort note on Thymus gland.>" , , . 5 marks._yQrat, fie Immunoglobulins? Give.schematic representetionof'Jg'G '10 marksb. 'Write a short note 'on' 'ijJa d 3 " 1 'e ~ . ' , / . 5 marks ', HU' A A ' " \.;? 5 m arks' .... 0 III; '. '/ 7 ,," pj6scrlbe in detail-the mechanism of action of Cytotoxic Tcellv': Iomaks .. ~ te a short note on T cell recep~'Oj:S.:/.....' . , 5 marksSr ''kite a short note on opsonisaion.> . 5 marksa Describe in detail immunoinvasive mechanism of tumors. k~/ 10 marksb, Explain host Vs Graft reaction. . , '10 marksa. What is autoimmunity? Write an account of any two autoimmune disorders. inhwnans.,, . ' .'. /- lOtuitrksb. Explain the Immunological aspects of AIDS ..x> " lO,ma_rk~ .",. a 3ive a n account on typesof conventional vaccines.Discuss 'their advantagesand disadvantages. . . , ,10 marksb. Write short notesen -_ ,~lil,anized 'an t~ bodies. .

'~ymes (caalytic antibodies). . . ~5x2-10marks"""". a Discuss the methodology of production of high titre polyclonal antibodies. _;X, , , . 10 marks

. . 5 marks~ Q~ethe'principle of~ , '.' , . .... ' ' ' ' : 5 m B r l t s8) . ~plain ,the principle and a n y two types of enzyme linked immunosorbant

assHyS. /' ," ,- 10 marksb. Write.an ote on "",' .i) Irurn uuoelectronruicroscopy.~ peket .immuno electroph~resis/~

)

, ,'5luarks5 marks

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Fifth Semester B.E.Degree Examination, Dec 081 Jan 09Immunotechnology

Max. Marks: 100- -Note: Answer anyFIV~ full questions, selecting at leastTWO from each part.- PART~A -

~tite the distinguishing fe~tures of innate and adaptive immunity. \. '-~ how the cells and organs are necessary for immune response,. . . E X p l a i n the structure of-various classes of Immuneglobilins.... Write the concise note on: i) Production o f monoclonal antibodies

~

(10 Marks)(10 Marks) -(to Marks)--i~-ceU(10 Marks)

a. -BricOy explain the steps involved in th~mechanism ofT - cell activation.IL Write the explanatory notes o~ :

~ p~senting c~.lls _ii)~c complex.~F.xpIain tb e general properties and functions of cytokines.~'be the ~~lous types of hypersensitivity ..

(10 Marks)(10 Marks), (1:0Marks)(10 Marks)

_PART..:..B._ . EXPlain_ the treatment and experimental-therapeutic approach "for autoimmunediseases, f\- -- . (10 Marks)' ~"II:. Write a note on: i) Rheumatoid arthritis . ii) .Mechanism of AIDS. (lOMarks) - - - ; r - -a. DesCn~ the various steps involved in mechanism of graft rejection. ,~ ,_ ,.".'. _ . (10 r , 1 ~ r k s ) .-"::---EXphiin'die methodsinvolved in.the t i s s u e - t y p i n g f o r the "detection of Hl.Auntigens. - .

. ' .. . .~~~c .. Write any four immuno suppressive drugs. (02 Marks)... Ddioetbe term vaccine, Expla in the various' types of vaccines 'withhe"Ip -of suitable

cx a~pk:s- . (10 Marks)C. Explain the general characteristics and applications of stem cells to immunology.(08 Marks)tr','hat are catalytic antibodies? - .'. (1)2Marks)~ritc the principle and applications of.Radio Immuno Assay technique.'_-WJilca note on following with respect to immunodiagnosis.V U O W l O electrophoresis i~stern blot analysis iii)~nofluorescence_ "

. . (12 Marks)

(08 Marks) G

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Fifth Semester B.E Degree Examination, Dec. 07 I .Jan, 08Immunology

s . ; . Max. MarksNote: AI,s ....erany FWEflll/ questions.

hat is acquired immunity? With suitable example, explain different types of acununity, .-. (lO refine an antigen. Write an account on qualities that determine antige~,icitY:-Qi (lOr. .~-' ... , rescribe the mechanism of maturation and activation of Bvlymphocyte.ith illustration, explain the' typical structureof an antibody, .. . ~ .,

. (10 r(1011

rite an account on antigen presenting cells ..Add a note on mechanism of phagocyte(10(plain the process of a-ctivation of CD4 + and CDg+ T cells. (to

hat is hypersensitivity? Write an account on delayed type hypersensitivity, (10 l'tplain the role. of cell mediated immune response in graft rejection. (I 0efine autoimmunity .. Explain the" role of molecular m im icry and J fLA' haploty]toimmunity. (10rite an account on immune response to tumors, (I0. .escribe how genetically engineered antibodies are produced.rit~notes o n productionof subunit vaccines. (10 .(I U -

. . -. . . ~lye an account of immunofluorescene and its application in immunocytochemistry.. (lohat is precipitin reaction? Explain any two precipitin.tests.. (]O r

esent an ~CCOililt on principles ~ridapplication of r~di()ilnin~~l~ as~ay.- .. (10cplain E LISA technique and its app lication . (10

*****


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. I . :NEWSCI-IE~?: IFifth Semester ~.E~Degree Examination, Dec.06/J~ln.07

Biotechnology .Immunology

e: 3 hrs.] [Max ..Marks: 1Note: l.Allsrverall)' Fivefullquestions.

~ . .. Define Immunity. Explain different types of Immunity. (10 Mat.. Name various types of phagocytes and explain functions attributed tothem.(1 0 M~~ . . . .~. How 'are the monoclonal antibodies produced? What is their role in irnrnunotherap.' . (10 1\1.). Explain the mechanism of antibody class .switching. (10M:1. Describe the effectors T - lymphocytes involved .in cell-mediated immunity, Anote on their fu~~tions. ' (10 M~. Discuss cytokines, Explain biological functions of II...- 1 . ' . (10 M~ Describe Anaphylaxis,b . D.iSCll~S types of stem c e l l s and their applications.

(10 l\1(101\1

. . .a. Define: Autoimmunity. Explainany two types ofmechanisms of autoimmuniiy.. ..' . (10 M

b. E x plain r\IDS related.immunological disorders. (IO~). .a. Explain recombinant vector vaccines ... . .. ~11. G ive an account of Iv fl-IC clas s I and class II autrgens. (1 0 IV(10 J \.' '. .' -,. . .'.~rO\\1 a re poly clo na l antib od ie s produced? Addanote on-their characterlzanon... ' .. . '.' .... . . .'. '001\

~ What is agglutination reaction? EXJ11ain any two agglutination tests. (10 l'. --tt.G ivc a n account of Western blot and its applications.

h. E x plain sandw ich EL fS .t\ and its applications:",.,,--(10 ~(10 r


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.[NEWSC~ME I

Fifth Semester B.E.Degree Examtnaffon; July 2006- 'BiotechnologyI,mmunology

Time: 3hrs.] [Max. Marks: 100.Note.e 1.Answer any FIVE questions in fIL II .L4~~Write short notes on.the different cells of immune responsiveness ..... h .r~Explain in detail, the role of thymus in immune system, " .. (10 M..d~!l, (10 l\larks

. . .~ .. ~/ What are heptanes? 'Write i t L d e w i l the induction of humoral immune response .. - . , . . . = , _ . . . ~ - . '-(10 Marks/~Explain the process and the mechanism of 'Recombination theory of immunoglobuln,.' germ line gene rearrangement' (10 Marks3 a. What is cell-mediated immune responsiveness? Explain in detail the induction of Tccell mediated immune response. .: , '. (10 M~r~s

h. ~xplain the role of H~-D gene product in immune recognition and induction ()Immu~e responsiveness. ' ,(10M arks-~. What is hypersensitivity? Discuss in detail the type IV hypersensitivity.

(10 Marks. .- . .1111!!1":"" 'Explain the basis' of _MHC-I in' the rejection of, transplantation. What artimmunosupressors? Mention any three of them. ' . (10 Marks;5 ~ What is' autoimmune disorder? Explain; Discuss. any fourdisorder. ' , . .' , ' ~ W O t r i - a - r io t e on:,~~~~arid'itsdlefap-x'-'"

t})les Of.iI!!!~i~~l!_ ",(1 0 M arks)

(I 0 ,,',arks 16 ~bat is a Vaccine? Discuss different types of Vaccines. Emphasize on the advantage". of subunit recombinant vaccine over traditional vaccine, . - (10 Marks)~xplain differ~nt types o f Antigen; antibody interactions. \V ritein detai_ linullullc. electro-phoresis. : ' , '. (1 0 f\h r lcs )

_~" _ ~ __ -- '

~Exp~ain, the process of production of the monoclonal antibodies? Writeubout theirapplic at lOllS. . , (10 Marks)_>tf,'~xplain antigen? Explain the process of purification of antigen. (10 Marks)9# '

(l6 I\tarks)(10 M.u'ks)

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Y o e Quest on Paper or V Semester B EBIOTECHNOLOGYGENETIC ENGINEERING AND APPLICATIONS"&.c :3M. Max. Marks: io rNote: - 1) Answer any Five Full Questions.

. 2) Write neat diagrams wherever necessaryL ._ What are vectors? Discuss with one example each, how Plasmid vectors diffefiom phage vectors in their structure and utility. ' (Q8..M:tfk,,)

- b. Write short notes on:1 . Cosmids2. Yeast Artificial Chromosomes3. ExpressionVectors. ,,(12 M:II:i\sl

-1 y-~t ~e restriction endonucleases? Disc~s diff~rent typ~s witi: an.,~Il1PhaSi~on type-Irestrictron endonucleases. Add a note 011 their role in-Genetic Engineering. {10 Marks)

VExpJain the role ? ffollow ing enzymes in G ene C loning: '/ " 1. Ligases .2. Polymerases (1(, tv[;u"f(Si

1 YDefine eDNA . B rie fly describe the procedure fo r the construction: of eDNA library._L . .. . ". (12 Marks)...Jk"Describe the steps ill isolation and purification of plasmid DNA. (08l\1arks)4. / What is Polymerase chain Reac tion? B rie fly e xpla in th~meckm ism and steps involved in-- _ . . J C R Add a note on its appli~ations. ' , (12 Marks)yWri!e a short notes on: . -1 .. S outh ern B lo ttin g.

5. G) Disc uss th e a pp lic atio ns of Recombinant.DNA te~hnology in crop improvcmcnrwith a,I1two suitable exanlples., " (08,l\'fnd;_';J'_YWrite a short notes on:L Structure of Ti 'plasmid2. Edible vaccines through Genetic E ngineering. ', , ~ Cry Proteins. " , " . (12 Marks)

6. r 9 "Gene transfer in animals has yielded pofen.t~a~~e~~efits~'-Discuss :wit~.any two _sui~aQl. examples.' . .'.. , . ' . , .. '. . '(08 Marks)~rite short notes on: " .'a ) C alc ium pho sp ha te ' p re cip ita tio n.b) M icroinjection. .. " , . , . ' ,

. ~ Briefly discuSs about Expression of novel proteins in Bacteria.(06 Marks)(06 Marks) ,

7_ ~ What is Gene therapy? Describe the principles in in-vivo and ex-vivo gene therapy.(10 Marks)~ Discuss the application of Gene therapy inthe treatment of cancer.

/' Discuss the issues involved in prevention of tissue and orgari graft rejection,b_ Write a Short notes on:

1. Humanized Antibodies._r.Gene therapy of SCID

(10 Marks) ,. .(10 i\1~'rks)


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Fifth Semester B.E. Degree Exarmnanon, lJeC.UO/JaU.U7Genetic Engineering and Applications

:31as- Max. Marks: 100Note: Answer any FIVE full questions.PART-A

&plain the process of creating recombinant DNA molecule under in vitro conditions.(10Marks) Write the procedure for screening the r-DNA when pUC 18 is used as a vector and it's

signifiCance. (10 Marks) Describe the procedure for the isolation of pure plasmid DNA using Ethidium Bromide -Cesium chloride density gradient centrification nlethod. (10 Marks)t. Write the procedure for the isolation and purification of plant or animal tissue genomicDNA. . (10 Marks)

..L . Explain in details the working principle of Polymerase...,tications.L Bncidate the role of restrictiori enzymes and ligases in genetic engineering.

Chain Reaction and' it's(10Marks) .(10 Marks)

L Disam any two methods for creating. direct mutagenesis under in vitro conditions. .- - - .. . _flO Marks)L Write methods involved inscreening of cDN A library and explain any two methods.- . - (10 Marks) '

PART-BL Elucidate the technique involved in design of T, plasmid based vactors in Agrabacteriummediated gene transfer in plants. . (IO Marks)

~_ Explain microprojectile bombardment method and it's applications in gene transfer .....(05Marks)c., Briefly discuss. the .rnethod for. the .Transformationofplant .chloraplast..Listout any, tWQ

applications. (05Marks)._ What are the essential techniques employed for marker assisted selection for breeding

animals. Add a note on the genetic improvement of livestock. .... .. (10 Marks)b_ Elaborate various strategies involved in engineering of plants. for resistance to abioticstress in the process of increasing crop yield. (10Marks)

.. DcscnDe biotechnological process involved in the production of monoclonal antibodies._ (10 Marks)J L Wrile notes on:V i) Oraring of oil spills.i a 1 Engineering micro-organisms for antibiotic production. (to Marks)


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INEW SCHliME IFifth Semester B.E. Degree Examination, Dec. 06 I Jan. 07 .

-. BiotechnologyGene'tic Engineering and App~ation

, ,TJIIle:3 hrs.] [Max.Marks:l00.Note : ,'Answer (IllY FIVE fut! questions.

J a Give a concise, account ,of the construction and features of plasmid vector s' employedingenetic engineering.' ' (10Marks]. . - . . .b. Explain salient features of genetic code. (04l\:Hu-ks)c. Describe how lambda phase is tailored in to a cloning vector. ' (06Marks)1 a. Discuss the types, features and functions of DNA modifying enzymes used inrecombinant DNA techniqtle., (1-0h'larks)

b, Vlrite notes on :i) Type ITrestriction endonucleaseii) Ligases as molecular suitc~er. (10 Marks)

] a. Explain principle and sequential steps involved in theisolating of plasmid DNA. Adda n o t e on caesium, chloride purification. ' (O S l\I~rks)b. Describe the technique ofconstructing ' e D N A library. '. (& 6 Marks)c, Explain immuno screening of genomic library. (06' Marks). '

4 ..- -a~' Describe DNA amplification technique. Add a note on the types ofPCR. '-(1 0 Marks)h. Elucidate the technique ofnucleic acid hybridization and its applications .. ,(10 .Marks]5 , . '3_ Describe the general- features o r Agrobacteriumexpression of virulence genes.b. .Writenotes.on r. " . , , .. _

i) Micro projectile gene transfer ,ii ) Application s of transgenic plants.

Tiplasmid. Add a note on -the(1.0 Marks)

:'.." . . -(IOMar((s~

6 a.v Explain the strategies involved in the production of transgenic' animals. List out its,applications in pharmaceutical field. (J 0 'M:ul{s)

b. Elucidate the technique for th e production of recombinant protein in bacteria, .(to Marks)

1 a. G~n~ therapy is boon to mankind". Justify the role of gene therapy in the treatmentof cancer. (12 Marks)

b. Explain the efficacy of gene therapy for combating SCID, (08l\1arks). .

1- Describe how arterial clot is removed by plasminogen strategy, (06l\1arlis)b. Elucidate {he phenomenon of organ graft rejection. Highlight 011 Its prevenuve

measures. (08l\1ark)c. Give an explanatory note on stem cells and its significance. (06l\1arks)


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. . . . . Fifth Semester B.E Degree Examination, Dec. 07 IJan. 08Genetic Engineering and Applications. . ~ . . M ax . M arks: 1 00e:3 hrs. Note: 1. Answer any FIVEful1 questions.2. Write diqgrtlms wherever necessary.a. Define v ecto r. B riefly describe the features of one plasmid and one phage vector of Escoli .

(lO Ma r~.b. Write short.notes on:i) 'Expression vector.ii) Posmid vectoriii) Yeast episomal vectoriv) Shuttle vector. (10 Mark~

a, All recombinant DNA research is.developed. from the ability to cut DNA molecules anjoin DNA' fragments. Write a note to describe such enzymes. (10Markh. Explain the role of the following in gene cloningi) Terininal deoxynucleotidyl transference ii) Reverse transcriptose (10 Mark

a.. Define C-DNA. E x plain the strategy. for preparing CDt.JAfor specific MRNA using peR, . (to Markh. Explain thestrategy for th e isolation of a desired DNA from a genomic library. (10 Marl.!a. Describe -comparlson between peR and gene cloning.b ... Describe', the-methods for labeling nucleic acids ...c. Explain:mutagenesis in vivo:

(04 Marl,(08 Marl(0 8 1 \1 a.-1

. .a.. Describe asexual methods of gene transfer in plants. . ' (to Mart.h, Describe the organization of Ti plasmid with special reference to its T-DNA and ,. regulon. . (IUMal-i

': . - . .: . .' ...' . ." . "'.: ." . .' ~a. Describe g.ene transfer using particle bombardment. (06 M:u"h. Discussthe role of gene transfer in : i) BT cotton ii) Antisense technology. (08 Marc. Write short. notes on;

i) Golden Rice ii). Edible vaccine. (06 i\lii ra. Define gene therapy. Briefly describe the various approaches for gene therapy, tJ

advantages and limitations. (JO M ath. E x plain SeD as immunodeficiency desease in hum an beings. (10 Mala. W hat are humanized antibodies? E x plain its lise in therapy: fu r b re ast can cer.b. Describe therapies to prevent graft rejection.

(10 Mal


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Fifth Semester B.E. Degree Examination, Dec.06! Jan.07Bio-Technology. Bio..lnformatics

Time: 3 hrs.]Note: 1.Answer any FIVE full questions.

1 a. Define entropy _with regard' to bio logica l . .informat ion . Discuss. the .relevance of .Shannon's formula to biological data. Comment on the advantages of biological-dataredundancy. _ (12 Marks) ..

b. Qualitatively ex plain the: applications of M arkov chains and H idden M arkov modelsto the an alysis of DNA sequences, (08 Milrks)'_2 a. Substantiate the need for curation and annotation of databases, w ith typical ex amples..

(06 Marks)b. Describe the -salient features'. of 'stru ctu re d ata ba se s. Highlight the importance 'ofSCOP , CATH and PROSITE data~ases tow ards prediction ex ercises. (14 Marks) .

. 3 Write short notes on: .a. GCG W isconsin package ..b. GenBank flat file.c. Entrez.d.' Fasta fo rma t.

(66.Marks)(06 Marks) .:. (04l\1~rl's) . ".(04 Marks)

4 a. With -ex ample s, illu stra te as to how dot-plotscanprovide a visual representation of" .sequence alignm ent. E x plain: the significance of changing .the stringency for match - .:and w indow size during dot-plot analysis.'. . (0 7 M a rks_ )

h. W ith suitable- examples describe 'the difference betw een "G lobal" and "Local" .alignment. Explain the parameters, i) Percentage similarity ii) E-value and iii) Score,'considered during validation of pair-wise- alignm ents' using: w ord-based 'm ethods. _-

(10 Marks).c. Determine the optimal alignment for the below two DNA .sequences,i) GGGATATCC and _ii) GATTC, .

.Using thescore table provided below:. Comment on the final score. (03 Marhs)

Sl. Parameter ScoreNo.t Identity +!O2 Mismatch -93 Gap creation -504 Terminal gap or mismatch o

5 a. What is PSI-BLAST? E x plain the relevance of P SI-B LA ST in sim ilarity searchingexercises. (06 Marks) .h. What are PAtvl matrices? D iscuss thesignificance of PAM I, PAtv1l20 and PAM2S0matrices during sequence comparison. (06 I\l~u'l.;~)

c. D iscuss the advantages of multiple sequence alignment over pi.llr-wisc sequencecomparison, W rite a note on CLLJSTAL \V. (UMi\Lul~)


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D 4 " 'I o 4'"'''''' ,"0- ,.,....~rI P,; n ,.. I.lIl o" n , .._ ...- __-_ - -- - -..- ~r_ -_ "'- --___...

n _ \,bi'--'Ir Experiment - (,)0 l\./b~b.:'......_J-" _ >4 0' _ . . . . . . . . . . _ .. . . . . . . , \ _ . . . . . . . . . . . . . . - . ~ .. ; , /Q Minor Experiment _ (15 Marks)Q Flowchart - (07 Marks)- . .a Viva - (08 Marks)

IList of Major experiments:..,.

1 -Sequen ce analvsis:,.;................ "" ..."",. c.l.! --J !~ ...-.- ~ Sequence retrieval in FAST A format - (041vfarks)h. BLAST - (08 Marks)c. ?v1SA - (ub Marks)2. .Pattern searching:

a. Sequence re trie ve d in FASTA form at for anyone of the follow ing m otifs:(051v1~ks)i, Zinc finger m otif (ID - Q 020 84 )ii...AT? binding motifiii. G reek key motifiv. .Gonadotro pin . re le as in g hormones signature. Etc.,

h. Retrieval of 5 best homologues for the given sequence - (05 Marks)c.rvfSA~ (05 Marks) .d. PROSf~ (Comment-on results) - (OSMarks)

Ust o r Minor experiments;

- 2.

1 . PUBl\ffiD search (Journal search - Abstract and Full text search).Q Information related to major experiments .o Searches related to three different topics (05 marks each) .,.Pa irw ise ana ly sis ' (Retneval-05 M arks, P rocess - 0 5 Marks and Comment - 05

Marks)o Retrieve homologous sequences (preferably with 60-80% similarity)

'. QPerfonn pairwise. analysis (Both local and global) and comment .'3. . Visualisation. of Protein structure (R etrie val - 05 Marks, Visualisation - 05 Marks( _ : . < and Comment - 05 Marks) .

a Retreival of structures

.:

,

o Visualisation and comment on structural features:1 RNASE-~ My oglobin , L eucine Zipper protein, etc.,

4. P rim er d esig na Designing ofprimers for the given two sequences (10 Marks)o Comment on parameters and results (05 Marks)

Page 1 of2.


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a. Highlighting th e importan ce o f phylogenetic analysis, comment on th e re la tivoftarious tree-building methods adopted during analysis of sequences. (0b.. Draw the o th er possib le rooted and umooted trees for the four tax a A, B, C , ~. ~o

8.. .Fig. Q6 (b).c, Write notes on:

.i). Fold assignments of orthologous sequences.ii) GENSCAN4 (06

a. . Explain the need for primer design using bioinfonnatics tools. Describe the...criteria adopted to~ design o f p rimers, (10b. What are restricC ion maps? E x plain restriction mapp ing in a suitable software :.a note on its significance. . . . {10. . .

.. .a. Discuss the roles ofESTs ing e J 1 0 D 1 e sequencing efforts. . (06b. Explain the significance of bioinformatics approaches towards genome m

efforts. .. . (07.C. Write a note on DNA chips and the relevance of clustering algorith

corresponding data analysis, (07

.:. -. .. .. .~


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. ..--11 .. 1 ~lnSSler B.E. Degree examination. January/February 2006

BIo TechnologyBIoInformafics

Tme: 3 hts.)Note: ANwar :.ny FIVE1uI I -quesl ions.

(Max. Marks : 1 0 0

-1. (a) Explainthe correfations derived be1ween information 1heory and molecular biologybased on Shannon's fomula. (10Maries)(b) QooIi1affvely describe Markov' chains and hidQen Markov rtiOdels .with theirapplications to o n c ily s is o f DNA sequences: ' ' . . (10 Marks)

. 2. Ca) With relevant examples discuss the vcdous primary and secondary databases.. (8 Madcs)(b) Explain the salient features of s t r u c 1 u r e databases. Discuss the Importance of.SCOP,

Pfam and' P R O S I T E databases I n " biointOrmatics exercises. (12 MatkI)3 . . . Write short notes cn :

(0) GCGWiscons in package/' . ',_)IJ' Genbankflat f!Je(e) PSI - BlAST .(d) Medical databases

(5 Marks)'(S Modes)(5Maries)

::_.(S Mqrks). .A. (0) QualitotiveJy explain .th e,c o nS t ru c tio n o f PAM andBlOSUMmatr iCes . Disci ISS their .appUcations. '(8 MadeJ)

(b) What are global and local atign~nts ? Descnbe as t o how' dot pfots can proVide'0 v isUal representaHon o f s eq u(# )c e s im ila rity . Mention. i ts l imftof iQns. (12~) ._ . .,. " . " . . . ~.5 .. (a).Briefly discuss the var ious tree-bui lding rnetnods, Comment on rooted and unrooted.trees. .' .-(12Marb)

. ~ . - .(b) Discuss theme~.of multiple sequence alignmenf methods over pair-wise sequencealignmentwith regard to' phYlogenetic analysis. . (8Marks). .6. (0) Describe file various predictive methods towards detection of func1ional genes in /genome sequences. . . . (10 M a r t c s f

., O isc t rss the popuk:ir methods t o r prediction of secondary structural elements inprotein sequences. (1 0 ~arks), , , , 7 . tal What are restriction mops? ExPlain their Importance. Mention the utilities of, databases andweb-based tools towards generation of restriction maps. (10 Marks)

_ Iliso ISS the bioInformatics tools and their approaches towards design of prfmeri.(1 9 Marks)Conta.... ~


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HT56Model Question Paper for VSelllester B EBIO TECHNOLOGYBIOINFORMATICSTime; 3 hrs. Max. Marks: 100Note: - .1 . Answer any 5 Questions.

a. Explain how in fo rm atio n in DNA is transmitted to th e information inproteins. (OSMarks)b. Define Ergodic process an d Ma rk ov ch ain s, g iv e relev an t Examples for each. (10 Marks)c. D efine E ntropy and how Shannc's form ula is applicable to biological information .

. (OSMarks) -a. What is the need for biological database? How do you classify these databases? Explainwith ex amples. . . (OS'Marks)b. What are the features of "Genbank flat file"? (05Marks)c. Bring out the differences between PDB andMMDB structural database in terms of itscontents. Explain different structure file formats. _ (10Mar~) .a. Explain the features of SEQ package. _OSMarks)b. Explain the features ofENT &EZ a s a tool for sequence retrieval. . '(10 Marks)c. What is the need for specialized databases? Explain with example. . (05 Marks)a. What are th e me thod s used for pair wise alignment o f seq ue nce s? D iscu ss re la tiv e meritsand demerits' in each of these methods. -(U S Marks)b. Which are the widely used program s for database similarity searching? What factorsinfluence the search? (1 0 Mar~)c. What is th e sig nific an ce ' o f L owcomplexityregions? (OSMarks)

. . .L-What is a substitution matrix? Explain different types of substitution matrices. availablea l O n g with their construction. (10 Marks)L What is a Hidden Martov Model? (o s Ma,~~)Writ~ a note on multiple sequence alignment.: -.. (OSMarks).

What is 'phylogenetic analysis? Describe various tree-building methods to. arrive atderidogrnms. - .. (10' Marks) . .Describe the methods for detecting functional sites in DNA usingpredictive.methods.: ...

.. (OSMacks)'Explainthe secondary structure and:foldit~gcl~sses.- - . - (OS'Marks)Explain the' bio informatic~ approaches towards .design of ..primers and factors thatinfluence the design. (10 Marks)Write a short notes 011 DNA chips. (05 Marks)Explain the role of genomics 'research in pharaceutical industries and agricultural sector.

. (OSMarks)

.... do JOU predict antigenic sites and metabolic pathways?D- ws wythe,. the bio inform atics tools' can replace w et lab experiments,

FxpIain how biomolecular cryptology can be used for protein structure prediction.(OSMarks)(10 Marks)(O S Marks)

j.


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Fifth Semester B.E. Degree Examinatron, Vec UlSI Jan U~Bioinformatics

e: 3 hrs. Max. Marks: 100Note: Answer any FIVE full questions, selecling at least TWO

from eachpart .. PART-A

~\Vhat are primary databases? Write a note on Genbank flat file: (06 Marks)h. Explain the salient fearures of PDB flat file. Highlight the importance of SCOP; Pfam andCATH databases in Bioinformatics exercises. . (10 Marks)~ss the importance ofKEGG database. (04 Marks)~Iain the p~ameters percenta?e id~ntity~ percentage sin1ilarity,E - value and Gappenalty scores In the context of pair .: WIsealignments, (08l\farks)~i~tively describe as t o how Dot :- plots provide a visual representation of sequencesimilarity, ". . . .. (04 Marks)~ a note on PSI.- BLAST. . - (04 Marks)LJliswss th~ practical ~spects of multiple sequence alignment. (04 Marks).a.---Highlighting the importance of phylogenetics, comment on the relative merits of various

. tree - building metliods adopted towards analysis of sequences. (06 Marks)~the four taxa P, Q, R;S draw the possible rooted trees. (04 Marks)~a note on Fitch - Margoliash algorithm. . ... (04 Marks)~ tree ~onsideringt~e foll~)\vi~g table of distances between five separate. sequences, calculating the branch lengths. (06 Marks)! . i} .B' c D E-A . . . . . . . . . . _ 22 39 39 41B- ... 4 1 " 141 43-

C - . r - 1.8. .20D - - - v - ~ . 10v

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a. Describe in detail the protocol adopted towards the prediction of 3D geometries of proteinsusing homology modeling approaches. (10 Marks)

b. \Vritenotes on: i) Fold assignments of orthologous sequences ii) GENSCAN.(to Marks)

PART-B~are restriction maps? Explain their importance. Mention the utilities of databases and.m- based tools towards generation of such maps, with a typical map. (08 Marks)\.. Highlight the need towards insilico primer design, discussing the approaches followed inW ie b - based tools. (06 Marks)c.. For the following output from a web - based tool, write the forward and reverse primers.

CGmment on its Tm and % GC content. (06 Marks) 10f2


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Fifth Semester B.E. Degree Ex amin aficu, June / July 08Bioinf{.)rmatics

ne: 3 hrs. C.'\--- Max. Marks: 100 -Note: Answer any FIVE full questions.

,a. Explain Shannon's formula and its application to molecular biology data. Discuss therelevance of biological data redundancy in information analysis. (10Marks)b .. Write short notes on the following with reference to biological data analysis;i) Ergodic process Ii) Hidden Markov Models, (10Marks)

a What are primary and secondary databases? Discuss with examples. (08 Marks)-b, Explain the importance of the following databases in bioinformaticsexercises:

i) ~fMDB ii) dbEST, iii) 01 'ATht (12 Marks)a, Explain-the features of the tools: (any two)' available in GCG package towards sequence.companson. (08 Marks)D. Discuss the features of a PDBflat file. (08 Marks)c. Write a Doteon structure visualizationtools, available over the 'web.",, ' (04 Marks)a \\'hat is 'Entrez? D escribe its various features. .(06 Marks)b. Qualitatively explain _the 'construction of' PAM and' BLOSUM matrices. Discuss their.applications in sequence alignments. ' ' '(08Marks)c. Using the .look up table provided be 10\\', derive the possible local, global and optimum" "alignment for the following two strings: ,

i) AITGCATICG ii)ATGCATGG;SI.No. Parameter Score

"i) Identity +10ii) Mismatch -5iii) , Gap'Creation' -20iv) Gap 'Extension . . ,, -.J 'v), Terminal Mismatch -2 ' ': "

(06 Marks)

_ _ . - - - -",

- ..a. Discuss the merits of multiple sequence alignment over pair-wise sequence comparison.Write a note on CLUSTALW. " (06Marks)

h. What is phylogenetic analysis? 'Briefly explain the various distanc~~based and character-b a s e d methods towards tree-building exercise, , (06Marks)c. Calculate the numberof bifurcating unrooted trees possible, if the number of taxa beinganalyzed are ten. , t (02 Marks)c L By the method of UPGMA, derive the tree and their' branch lengths using the followingdistance matrix: (06 Marks), ~ ~ . . . , . . A

~oro ~ a cD/' ~j5, - -.rI " 'c . , ~5 0.55 -!D I 0.60 I O~6 5 0.63


17/46

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18/46

Fifth Semester B.E.Degree Bxomtnctlon, January/February 2006BioTechnologyBioinformatics_ .

TIme; 3 hrs.)Note: Answer any F IVE fu ll questions.

1 . . (a) Exp la in the :co rrelano r rsderived between information theory and molecular biology. based on Sl:lannon's formula.' '. . (10Marks)

(Max.Marks: 100

(b) Quolitatively descnoe Markov cholns .ond hidden Markov models with their: .oppflcotlons to. onolysts of DNA sequences. (10 Mark~) .'2. -(0)Wth relevant examples discuss the various primary and secondorv datqbases.

::_-' ". .... (8 Marks)(b) Explain the salient features of structure databases. Discuss the irnportonce of SCOP.. P fom and PRO S ITEdatabases in bioinformatics exercises. . (12 Marks)

. ~ .....3!. /~ Write short notes o n :(0) GCG Wisconsin package(b) Genbarik flat file ." .,-, . .

(5 Marks).r ..,'

' . . , . (5 Morks)(5 Marks)c) P S t - B lAST

(d) Medical dotoboses (5 Marks). 4 . (~Qualitatively. explain the construcnon of: PAM' and BLO$UM matrices. Discuss'their .:./' '..opplicutlons. . . . -, . . (8 'Marks)/ '. '. .. .'. . .(b) .What ore globGal and tocal alignments'? Describe as to how dot plots can provide.'o visual representation of sequence similarity ..Mentton its limitations. . . (12 Marks)... .. .

.;- -

. '.5.. (0) Briefly discuss the various tree-building methods. Comment on rooted and uorooted. . frees:' . '.'. :'.' . ... '.. . ..... . .... " (12 Marks)(b) Discuss the merits of multiple sequence alignment methods o v e r pair-wise sequence .. ang.~menf -with regard to phylogenetic analysis. . .' . ( 8 .Maries).

. "

6.. I) Describe the 'various predictive metho.ds towards detection of functional gene's in /'~. genome sequences. " (10Marks) ..t-/' (b) Discuss the popuor methods for prediction of secondary structural elements inprotein sequences. (10 Marks)7. (a) What are restriction maps? Explain their importance. Mention the utilities of databases and web-based tools towards generation of restriction maps. (10M.orks)

(b) Discuss the bioinformatics tools and their approaches towards design of primers.(10 Marks)Contd.... 2


19/46

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20/46

Fifth Semester B . E . Degree EI8miDatio~,Dec.061 Jan.07. - . - .-:- - .. . B io- Technology ' -Bio-Informatlcs -

Time: 3 hrs.] [Max. Marks: 100Note: 1.Answer anyFIVEfuO quons.

1 a Define entropy w ith regard to biological inform ation, D iscuss the relevance ofS han non 's fo rm ula to b io lo gical data. C omm ent on the advantages of biological dataredundancy. . (12 Marks)

b . Qu alitativ ely explain th e applications of M arkov chains and H idden M arkov m odelsto the analysis of DNA sequences. (08 Marks) .-2 a. Substantiate the need for curation and annotation of databases, w ith typical ex am ples.. . (06 Marks)

b. Describe the. salient features of structure databases, H ighlight the im portance ofSCOP, CAm and PROSITE databases toward s p re dic tio n e x ercises. (14 Marks)3 Write sh ort n ote s on:

a GCOW ISCO nS inpackage.b. GenBank flat file.c. F..ntrez.d. Fastaiormat.

(06 Marks) .(06l\farks)(04 Marks)(04 Marks)

-.. a W ith examples, illustrate as to how dot-plots can provide' a visual 'representation ofsequence alignm ent E xplain the signifiCance of changing the stringency for m atchand-window size du ring do t-plo t analysis. (07Marks)

b. Wi~ suitable .exampl~ describe the difference" betw een "G lobal" and "Local"alignment' Exp la in th e p aramete rs , i) Percentage similarity ii)E -valu e an d iii). Score,considered during validation of pair-w ise alignm ents using w ord-based m ethods., (10Marks)

c. D eterm ine the optim al alignment for the below tw o DNA sequences,i) GGGATATCCand .. ' .. ' ii). GATTC> , .' .Using t h e sco re table p r o v i d e d below:

. Comment on thef inal score,SI. Parameter Score.No.1 Identity +102 Mismatch -93 Gap creation -504 TennUuUgapornllsma~h 0

. (03 Maries)

~ ~ ~ C r ' 1 , 0 t 1 c~ ~~(\11C--

a. What is P SI-B LAST? E x plain the relevance of P SI-B LAST in s im i la rity sea rch ingc:x acises- , (06 MArks).._ What are PAM m atrices? D iscuss the significance of P AM I , P AM 1 20 and P AM 250

" 'lias durin g s eque nc e c omparis on . (06Marks)rt Co Di"i$S the advantages of m ultiple sequence alignm ent over pair-w ise sequence~ I t : , _",1Irison.WriteanoteonCLUSTALW.~ ~ "- A1A-1 r.~(3)~ I : ' \ . A __ _ :_.J. ltd... 2

, _ -


21/46

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22/46

Fifth Semester B.E Degree Examination, Dec. 07 / Jan. OMBioinformatics

me: 3 hrs. Max. Marks:lOONote: Answer any FIVEflll1 questions.a.Explain redundancy concept with reference to Biomolecules. Add a note on its

application. . (10 Marks)h. Wille short notes on: i)Markov chain ii). Entropy and its application to biology.(to Marks)a. What are primary databases? Explain with examples and add a note on Gen Bank flat file.(12 Marks)h. Write notes on: i) Medical database ii). Tools for structural visualization, . (08 Marks)

a. What are structural databases? Writea comparative noteonPDB and IvfMDB: (10 Marks)h. :ExpJain Seqlab. Write a note on sequence alignment tools available in GeG, Wisconsinpackage. (10 Marks)a.' 'Explain in detail various methods of aligning sequences. Add a note on BLAST programe.

(10 Marks)h. 'Write critical notes on: i) low - complexity regions (LCR). . ii) For the following pairof sequencecalculate the total score and align them locally and globally. (match score =5,mismatch score =.,.3, gap penalty::::_4), Seq 1: AT TO C T.A ; Seq 2: AT T (iCA.

(IO.I\llarl\s)S a. Explain maximum parsimonyme.hod lor phyilogenetic analysis and lise ofu}is!ilelhoo in. Irce 'building. . . . . (O n Marlu)

b. i) Using Ft\l algorithms, calculate the distances 3, h, c and 'draw a phyllogenetic tree.Given: a + b =22 ; a + c =39 and b + c =41.. ii)Appiy UPG'MA method t o calcuiate the distance for the following four taxes and drawa tree. (12 Marks)

6 a.b :

7 a.. b.8 a.h.

A B C DA . 3 -

.__ .7 8B - 6 I 7- C - - 3--.-- _.1-.D .-._ ,- __ :...L ._

. '4 trcc .A . 7 TQclnsilco gene prediction via Bioinfonnarics has led to the discovery of several unknownitr~dhidden genes : comment' ' .. '.. '. (10 Marl{s)What are the different methods, available for predictingprotein structures? Write a i'1()ICon tools for protein secondary structure prediction. (10 .M~.;lis)What are the different parameters required tor primer designing? Add a note on' Primer.design tools .. ' .. (10 Mad~s)Write notes un: i) Gene construction KIT ii) Vector NTl. (W Marks)What is polymorphism? E x plain SN P and its role in pharmacogenomics. (10 Marks]Write a note on: i) EST. ii) From the given band pattern develop-a map for 4 clonesA, B, C, D. (10 Macks;

Clvn.:s-..j. ~A 3 C DBand pattern I - --~- -I t - -~. -- -I - -~- ~- -- -L - -- -- - -

ATrycrAI ( ( l ,I4. TiC{ c.tv.-y?-b:


23/46

-~;" ..lTune: 3 hrs.]

-Bio- TechnnlogyBio-Informatics

[Max. Marks: 100Note: 1.:4nswer any FIVEfull questions.

J - a Define entropy with regar~t to biological information, Discuss the relevance oft . Shanrion's formula to biological data. Conunent on the advantages of biological data:- -redUndan cy . ' , . (12Marks)h . Qua lita tiv ely explain the .applications of Markov chains and Hidden Markov modelsto th e analysis of DNA sequences, (08Marb) ,. -~/.f SubstantiaJthe ~eed fo r c l!fIi? on and annotation o f d atab ases, w ith typical examples,1 7 ' - - - (06Marks)" = ~ . - ~ Describe the salient features of structUJ;e databases. Highlight the importance off!' "- SCOP , CATH .and P RO SITE databases towards prediction ex ercises, , (14-Marks)~3 'Write short notes on:OCO Wisconsinpackage.-'' GenBankflat file.

c. Entrez.~F~foimat.

(06Marks)(06Marks). {64M~rks)(04Marks)

4 a. With examples, illustrate -as to how dot-plots can provide a visual representation ofsequence aligriment. Explain the significance of changing the stringency for match .and window size during dot-plot analysis. . ()7Marks)

h. With suitable-examples- describe the difference between "Global'tand "Local"alignment. Explain the parameters, i) Percentage similarity ii) Esvalue and iii) Score,considered during validation of pair-wise -alignments using word-based methods., , _ (to Marks)

. . . c. Determine the optimal alignment for the below two DNA sequences;~- i) GGGA TArcc and . _ ii) GATIC.~ - - - - _ - , z . ; - t1Sing t h e s co re table provided below: _;. - ' - -, --} Comment on the final score. (03Mar~) .- - S 1 . . Parameter : Score

No. , .... ,1 Identity +10 I,2 Mismatch -93 Gap creation -504 Term inal gap or mismatch 0

5- .. What is PSI-BLAST? Explain the relevance of PSIBLAST in similarity searchingexercises. (06 ftfarks)D. Wha t are PAM matric es ? D is cuss the significance of PAMl, PAM120 and PAM250matrices during sequence comparison. (06 Marb)

C. Discuss the 'advantages of multiple sequence alignment over -pair-wise sequencecomparison. Write a note on CLUSTALW. (08 Marks)Contd ....2


24/46

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25/46

.Fifth Semester B.E. Degree Examination, July 2007Biotechnology

Bio-Informatics oe: 3 hrs.]

"Note: ,Answer any FIVE full questions.a Explain the concepts of entropy and information with res~ct to biological sequencdata. , (10 Marlcb. Describe M arkov chains and hidden M arkov m odels. .Add a note on their applicatior

to DNA and protein sequence data analysis. ' (10 Mark

" ' [M ax . Marks: 10

a With the help of an illustration, ex plain the GenBank fla t f ile '. ,(10 Marlcb. .Write an account' on" P rotein -Data Bank. B riefly ex plain the rDB structurefilformat, (06 Marlcc. S tate the salient features of any protein 3 D structure visualization softw are. (0 4 l\JarlcWrite notes on the- follow ing:a ,GCG W isconsin package. ,b~ Entrez. '.'c. Reference databases.

(08 Marks(06 MarJe(06 Mark,

. ,'a .Write a detailed account o n BLAST ._ b. Give a com parison of PAM .and BLOSUM matrices.c. Explain sequence analysis and its significance.a. Give an.account of the methods of bu ild ing phylogenetic trees.b. E x plain t h e methods of evaluation of phylogenetic trees.c. Write a short note on'PHYLIP.

(12 Mark,(04 Marlc(04 Marlo(lOMarID(0 6 M a rlc(04 MarJc

a. D iscuss the approaches for detection of functional sites in a DNA sequence., ' " - ' " .(08Mar~'b~ E x plain the' computational t o o i ~ ' - for ~'prediction"of physical properties of protein

based on protein sequence data.- , ( 0 7 'M it 'r lC. Write a note on th e fo ld cla sses o fp ro tein s.(0 5 Marks

" ,. . - ...a. What are restriction maps? Describe the bio-informatics tools for generationrestriction maps. (10 Marlo

b. Discuss the points to be considered for design of primers for peR and sequenciruAdd a note on the computational tools for design of primers. (1 0 Marlo

a, Discuss the approaches for prediction of tertiary structures of proteins.b, Write short notes on:i) Expressed sequence tags.0) DNA chips.

(10 Marlo

(10 Marks


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Fifth Semester B . E . Degree .Examination, January/February 2006Bio TechnologyBioinformatics

Tme: 3 tvs.}Note: Answer any F IVE fuN questions.

(Max.Marks; 100

1. (0) ExplaIn the correlations derived between information theory o~d molecular biology. based on Shannon's formula. .. , (10Marks)(b) Qualitatively describe Markov 'chains .O nd hidden Markov rrooes W i t h ~irapplications to anafysfsof DNA seqUences.' , (10 MaJks)

~.leO Wdh relevant exa~nplesdiscussthe various primaty and secondary databases.(8 Maries)

jbJEXpIain fhe sal ient features of struc1ureootobcses.Dlscuss the importance of secp, ,. Ptam and P R O s I T E databases in bioinfomlaffcsexerasas. .'.(12MatJcs)

.3 . .'lIme short notes on: '~ GCGWisconsin package9 .Genbank flat file~ PS I-BLAS T{cO Medical databases

(5 Marks)(5 Mar!


27/46

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28/46

Fifth_S_emester B.E. Degree Examination, July 2UU7. Biotechnology .

Biosensors and Bioinstrumentationre: 3 hrs.] [Max. Marks: 100- . Note: 1.Answer any FIVEfull questions.

2. Draw neat sketches wherever necessary.a .With neat block diagram, explain a generalized instrumentation system.b. Briefly explain the use of eROs , energy meters and multimeters.c. Explain the principle, construction, working and advantages ofa LVDT.. .' .

(06 Marks)(06 Marks). (08 Marks) .

a With neat schematic diagram, explain anyone type.~f~pectrophotom~ter. (to Marks)b.. What is chromatography? Explain a HPLC with neat schematic diagram.. (to Marks) .a. Write a note on bio assay design' and implementation.b. Explainthe following assays:

i) Scintillation proximity assay. ii) Reporter geneassay .

(06 Marks)

. (14 Marks),- . .. -.a. With an example; explain management and .service issues. of a centralized robotics.

. (07 Marks)b. Explain bar-code .technology. . . (08 Marks)c. How data managementand tracing takes place inadata base system? Explain. . (05 Marks)

. .' ~8.. Explain one each type of a direct and "indirect method of Blood Pressure (BP). . measurement." .. ",".". .:". .. . . . . (l{) Marks) .b. What is a pacemaker? Explain any one ~e of pacemaker. (10 Mar.ks)a. What is lung-volume? Explain a method of measuring it. (07 Marks)b.' What is the need of tests of respiratory mechanism? Explain any one type. (07 Marks)c. Explain with a schematic diagram an anesthesia machine: (06 Marks)a Explain the role of optical fibres as bio-sensor applications. Explain any two types ofchemical fibrosensors. (10 Marks)b. With neat diagram, explain an ion-selective FET sensor. (10 Marks)Write short notes o n :a Blood-glucose sensorsb. Biosensors in clinical analysisc. BIACore-optical biosensor.

(07 Marks)(06 Marks)(07 Marks)

*****


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-

- --- - I~~~_._ I '~-L-~~----'I a - - N - E , - ~ : ~ - C H - ~-ME-'"I

Fifth Semester B.E. Degree Examination, Dec.06/Jan. 07Biotechnology'

Bioinstrumentation and Biosensors

ime: 3 hrs.] [Max. Marks: 100Note: Allswer 0"), FIVE questions ..a. Define the following:

i) Accuracy and Precision iii).Reproducibility _ii) Speed of response . " : . iv) Passive transducer- . (04 Marks)

b. "'hat is piezoelectric effect? With a schematic diagram and equivalent circuit explainthe construction and working of piezoelectric transducer. (08 Marks)

c. With schematic diagram explain the construction and working of linear and angular'type digital displacement transducer. , (OSMarks)

a. Discuss- the principle, construction, working and characteristics of resistancetemperature detector: . (lU Marks)

b. State the Lambert's :linv'and Beer's Law'. Derive an expression for sample.absorbancebased on Beer's law. List lh~ f~ctors affecting and deviating the, Beer's. law. (10I\1a rk.s)

a, Deline ch{omato~ap.hy. Give' general classification of chromatography and liquidchromatography. . . (0-1 !Had.:s)

h. With a 'schematic diagram explain 'the principle; construction and working of HPLt.',,. (08 l\Jadi.s)c. Define fluorescence and explain how it occurs. With a schematic diagram explain the

construction and working of single beam fluorescence spectrophotometer. (OSl\'lal'ks)a.Witl1. a A9'-",Cha.tt~e~crib~ the. compound preparation strategy used . . t o -prepare.

compound collections for high throughput screening (HTS). . ' (10 Marks)h. Write a short note on schedulingin HTS. (04 l\l.u'ks)c_ List the database architectures commonly used t o screen the data. Briefly explain the

structure of flat HIe database system, : (06 i\l,,!'l{s)~ 3. List the different methods of blood pressure measurement . With a schematic diagram

ex plain the principle and procedure of blood pressure. measurement bysphygmomanometer. (Uo :\Ltrl.:s)

b. ~tentivn the different types of blood flow measurement techniques. With a blockdiagram explain the principle and working of electromagnetic blood flow meier.~entlon its disadvantages, (OS t\brks)

c. \\"h31 is fibrillation? How it can be corrected? Draw the circuit diagram of DCde iibn Ilator. (O-t j\ larks)6 a. Define the following i) Expiratory reserve volume ii) Inspiratory capacity,

(02 :\Iar-ks)b. With schematic diagram explain the principle, construction and working of basictype of spirometer (08 Marks]

Confd", J


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Fifth Semester B.E. Degree Examination, Dec. 07 J Jan ..08Biosensors and Bioinstrumentation

'5.. Max. Marks: 1-Note: Answer ailY FIVE full questior...!~.-- --.plain .the functions of all elements of an instrumentation system with the. help 011 9 ran t.. . . ". (lO Ma rl.plain ohms law and Kircho ffs 18Vf. : '. . (04 Marlhat are transducers? Classify them. (06 Mar!iumerate the principle and instrumentationofdouble beam florimeter. (08 Maris cu ss " th e p rin cip le s o f GC and HPLC.:Expl~in the instrum entation of I-IPLC andJplications. '. . .(08 Marefine electrophoresis and write' a note on its. appl ications. (04 M a r'rite short notes on) Centralized data basei) Robotics. ( J O J\lalxp lain validation and commissioning required for main ten an ce of in strumen ts. (I01\iil;

. . .Ieart may be considered as atwo stage' puinp. Explain ~.with respect to cardiovasci- . .'

ystem. (10 M alWhat are the different methods by which the m easurement-of blood- flow rate is do~xplain a n y o n e ' method in detail. (IO MalExplain in detail the physiology ofrespiratory system .. 'Explainmass spectroscopy method ofdetectionof v a r i o u s componentsof gas.

- .{lOMa](10 M : a l

ite short notes on ~.VentilatorsNebulizersDefibrillatorsPace makers. '.. '...

-. .. .. . . . . . . .

(20 M " aWhat is a b iosensor? Enumerate different applications ofa biosensor. . (10M~E x plain the role of biosensors in non invasive m ethod of blood gas monitoring. ( lO 1 \< 1 ,\\'hat is a biochip? Explain with reference to a DNA micro array.E xplain w ith diagram BIA core optical biosensor. (10 Mi(to M.

II I.


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""isveSt'artlJ'aTecknoiogical lTnr.'ersifJ'B.E Biotechnology - \7 SemesterBIO INSTRUMENTATION AND BIOSENSORS

MODEL QUESTION PAPERCede: BT 53 Max. Marks: 100 . Time: 31.. cC iODS: I_ )Answer auy FlVEruU questions, ii) All qUestioBS ' car ry equal marks .

. ' /~Explain Static &Dynamic characteristics ofmeasuring instnunents. '(10 A{~ks) _"~DeCIDeTransducer &Explain th e principle & working ofL VDT pressure .Traosducer or Piezoelectric Transducer, . ._/. .'. .' (lO,~~arks)Define Beer Lemberts Law & E xplain w ith neat diagran & applications OfUV '. : .Spectrophotometer. /. . . . (101\.farks) ., Define Electrophoresis &,explain different techniques used for Blectrophoresis. ./

. . Or . . .: (10 Marks).Ex~lain v.~tb~lock Diagran of a microprocessor based sc~in8d~nsitomet~r X. &, Its applIcation. . ". . ~Explain with sehemstic diaglall' of double beam fluorimeter /-/" ..(iO Marks)Discuss with block diagram . of aut om at ic gamm a counting system (1 0 M a rks)Write a short notes on (i) Ba- code technology, (iijCentralized data base.(l 0 Maks)(i)Wh. are the factorsfor thesuccessful integration of Assays . . (5M.ns)(ii) Explain in detail data base ,system . - . (S Marks)

. . ,/~lain with nea diagram of the Heart /_." .(10 Marks). - Or .E x plain w ith ueatdiagran of a cadiovascular circulation /Explain different metho~ used for measuringBlood fl01N ~eter (djn~cl'~ mdirect){~OExplain different paraneters used for determ ination of lung volume~& capacitance. /. . .... .' _(10Marks} .i) Explain diiTerent methods for measuring gaseous exchange & diffusion .'ilWrite' a short notes o n (a) Ventilators '(b) R:espirat~[~.:.., .- (10 marks)Vb. are the principles used for Biosensordevelopmentv.> ~ (10 Marks) .te a biochemical principle used forglucose analysis & describe amperometric Biosensc- ~ - - , . ~ice. / " _. (1 0 Marks)xplain i~n s?IectiveFE"fsensors & ~_Qt!jn.yasive.blo~d gas.monitoringsensors

. .. .

tplain with diagram BrA core optical B iosensor .(10


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Fifth Semester B.E. Degree Examination, Dec.08/Jan.09Biosensors and-Bioinstrumentation

r.ae: 3 hrs. Max. Marks: 100Note: Answer any FIVEful1 questions, selectingat least TWO questions from each part.

PART-A1 a Draw the basic block diagram of an Oscilloscope and explain the functions of each block.. (07 Marks)b. What is LVDT? Describe its working principles. Mention its applications. (07 Marks)c. Explain the principle of operation of a digital time measurement. (06 Mark.s)

1 a Draw and explain action potential waveform. (04 Marks)b. Briefly discuss different biomedical signals, giving examples. (06 Marks).c. What is the difference between unipolar and bipolar lead configuration? Discuss differentbipolar limb lead configurations of an EeG system.. (10 Marks)

3 a Discuss the importance of blood flow in the body.b. Explain theprinciples of electromagnetic induction in blood flow meter.c. What is fibrillation? Explain the working ofD ..C. defibrillator unit.

(O S Marks).(07 Marks)(08 Marks)

4 a Define th e following terms with regard to breathing mechanism.(i) Tidal volume .(ii) Inspiratory reserve volume(iii) Vital capacity. .b. Draw the diagram of ventilator and describe its actions. .

c. - With a neat block diagram explain the working of a heart-lung machine.

(06 Marks)

(06 Marks). (08 Marks)

PART., B .S a. What- is an analytical instrument? With a suitable diagram explain the working of

spectrophotometer. . (10 Marks)b. What is. chromatography? With a neat schematic, explain the working of gas

.chro:rmltography. . (10 Marks)6 a. Explain ih~principle of scintillation proximity .assay. . . (10 Marks)b. What is a Bar code? Namedifferent types ofbar code readers. EX121ainanyone type of

reader in detail. O~ Marks)7 a. Explain different types of drive systems used in Industrial Robots.

b. With aneat schematic explain four common robot configurations. (10Marks)

(10 Marks)

".'rite short notes on:L BioMEMSb. Electrochemical sensorc. Optical Biosensorcl. Pace maker.

(20 Marks),v,

* * * * ' "


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r~..~......~JK- ...........c., . .'''6..~ ........ ---B. E. Biotechnology. V Semester'.Subject: Biosensors andlSiolDstrumeatad:..n

E: BT 53 l\'lax 1tlarks: 100Time: 3Hours.

)ICJdel Qu~iOil Paper -IllONSr five full questions. A ll full Q uestions carry equal m arks., a n e a t block _9iagram of a n instrumentaion system and explain the functions of.detail, /' ' ,,(10)1uitable ex amples. enumerate the concept of at IC:b1 three T ransducer classiflcetions (5 ) ----!lily ratio \\betstone bridge consists of three resistances of 120 ohm and a resistive stnge of 120 ohm under no strain. A strain is,having a I i r i t i t of 25 rnA as max imum CUffe~ioe the Dlaxinlum voltag of_bridge ex~itation .1 the straing,m.ige is boadedndu..e. find the unbalance bridge output w hen E tress 'app lied is 1 0 0 k gfcm 2 gauge facto ,Mmg'&modulus 2106kg(cm2", (10),i 1 fe teo tiate be tween GC and HPLC . /', ' , _ (0 5)Vhat'is pH ? Describe a n y tW O tYPes OtpH meter in detaiL ' /' ( 10 )~rie a Dote on Bioinstrumentaion validaioJL.- (05!" - .---". NIlat critical input parameters are to be considered for th e design of a bioassay? ( O S :Vhai is scin tillaio nco un tei-? E x p lain th e.wo rk ing p rin ciple. 'j", " ( 10 )B8l is E le ctrcpho resis? Exp lain any one type. 't// (5J~8t is Bsrcode Technology? E x plain anyone, type , (19)liscuss the contribution of Robotics in c ollectin g, processing, storing and 'retrievilical data , (lg)Xplain any th re e concepts used in fhe development ofbiolh?n~()rr;: ( O . 5rrie anole on commercial applic~ioDS of'B iosensors, /' '.' . (0 5Jc)- L ist in detail the various m ilestones' in th e life of commercial biosen~or. \ \~, cautions a r e suggested and what criteria are applied at each ~age. (10)reotiae chemical & physical bonds jnmaterials.


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..... U L.;n;;IUC;:UCI D.J!.,. uegl-ee Examination, July 2006Biotechnology

Biosensora and BlolnstrllmentationTime: 3 hrs.]I .a.

[Max. Marks: 100- _ Note: 1.Answer any FIVE full questions.

Draw a 'neat block diagram of an instrumentation system and explain tilefunctional elements, in detail. (toMarlui)Name a ~).lI s~t' i", and A)!Dam. jc parameters and clarifytheir meanings. ..... '. .. (06 Marks)In a temperature measuring set-up using a DC bridge containing one RTD, allbridge arms have 100 ohms resistance at the reference temperature. The' RTDresistanceincreases to l02 ohms fora 10C rise in temperature. If-the bridge isexcited by a 5V DC power supply, find the' bridge unbalance output. .

(04 Marks)

c .

. . . . .2 iJf)' What is pH? Describe any tw o types of p(-I meters._;:b: Explain t.he...&..oncep!__


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IIh Semes ter B .E .Deg ree ExamlnaHon. Ja nu .a ry /F eb ru ary 20 0 6810 Technology

B io in strumen ta tio n" B io sen so rs: 3 nrs.)

Nofe:AMwllf any FIVEfullqull$llons.I. (a) Explain the following:i) Ohm's lowIi) Dynamic characterisffcsof a measurement system .. ' - .,(~Marb)

(b),With a neat block diagram, explain the worklng prIndpte oteRO. ~ntiOn-anyfWo. applicaffons.' " _ _(10 Marica). ,(e ) Define transducers. Explain any one fype o f straJnga~g9 t r ansducer wHhappficaflon.' , (6 ~)

.. ~.'(M ax.M arks : 1 0 0

2. (a) Wrth a neat sketch, explain the cons1n.rcffonan d.w ork ln g o f pHmeter. .. (8 ~cBb)(b) Exolain with n ec es so r'Y dla gro rn th e Geig er Mu ller c ou n ter and Sdn f illa flo n c o un te r., -, , (12 Marks)

, -3.f{a) With a block diagram, 'explain the opemnonot gaschromatcgrophy .. (10 Matb) .. .'" (b) Mention the different .fluorescence ~~o?s. explain any . one. - _ (10Narks)4. (a) What are different management and service issuesof 0--centralized robotic- HTS?Explain briefly. . ' " .(10 Ma~) .

(b) Explain thodtfferent 'factors tor StJ.q9.~ssf t j l . fntegra1ionof assays. (10Morb) ~S. (0) With a neat diagram. .explaIn princIple of opercnon of anaesthesia mochi~~ ,. . (8 Marks)(b) Describe the working principle o f sp ir ome te r w ith o.neot diagram. . - '. '(~M~

-Cel Explain J ,u~g VQIl)~. ond c,oPOc,ltieswith 'sketches. (6 M a ries) ,. . .. ~ - ." ; " '.. 6. (0) Ust- t o o various,factors to be cons idered In 'the d~sign of a r ti f l c l a f t tO O r t v a lV e s : ' . ' .'(10 Madel)

(b) Def ine heart souoos , Explain dif ferent 1ypes o f heart soun~ .. ' ,7. (a) Define biosensor . With a necessary diagram, explain 'the principle o f biosensor. .-- - . " (aMartcs)

(b) What are diffeient methods of immobilizing a bioreceptor? Explain. (6 Marks)~ Describe the construction of amperometric biosensor. Also describe H s operofionand application. " -, (6 Marlcl)

-'8. (0) Describe the feofures, limitations of chemical fibro sensors.!b) What do you mean by microfabricated ISFETensors? Explain. " ) Mention the different characteristics required in cornmerc'ot sensors.Cd) Describe the blood glucose monttorfng using bfosensors.

(~Marks) ,(6 Marks)(4 Marla)(4 M g t1 cs)

* *.


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Fifth Semester B.E. Degree Examination, J.Jcc.v I I -'&a .... V"".Bioprocess a~d Bioreaction Engineering __..

rs. . . Max. Marks: 100N6te I AlIswer-lfny.FIVE full questions. . .

Write a temperature dependency term and rate constant from collision theory. (06 Marks)b. TIle activation energy of a chemical reaction is 17982 cal/mol in the absence of a catalyst,and 11980 cal/mol with a catalyst. By how many times will the rate of the reaction willgrew in the presence of a catalyst, if a reaction proceeds at 25"C? . (04 Marks)C, . Explain the integrated rate equation for unimolecular, first-order .irreversible reactions in. . .senes.(lO Mar~)a. Write ashort note on Damkohler number, . (04 Marks)

. b. Explain the terms: Order of reaction, Holding time; Space time and S p a c e velocity.. . (08 Marks).c. An aqueous feed of A and B with 400 11min, C . = 1 0 6 fIllllO/ and C = 200 mmo l isAO l no I .t o be converted to product in a plug 4 0 w reactor. The. kinetics of the reaction i s represented

~-';-.' .' mol ...1+.B 4R"J '~r =200C C (I ' ... . Estimate the volume of reactor for 99% of A tv. . if A B .nun. .~~.'d.' ..

-

(08 Marks)1 U J I l C b l O n . ~ b . r i ~ f l rexplain ','C', 'E; and ;'F' curves and give the relationshipIllill~~~~~~0!. (10 M~rks),. ..c.:"."_' 7.P.F~~u~ts , ":"~A = KCA' K~ O.IO~i~l'l, .i s.carriedA,."""..,n. tracer test is given below. Calculate the

~:~!4-+"':,"",,~LI In series model. .~lO Mal'ks)

';",!,


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I , , I : "___._

Fifth Semester B.E. Degree Examination, January/February 2006: Sio Technology

Bioprocess & 8ioreaction Eng_Lneer ingrune: 3hrs.) (Mox.i\/.2~~S:~:C.

. ,---I 'Mi'4ote: 1. An swer an y F IV E II!J I queslfons.2. All quemoM catty equat marie$. -1. (0) In a rate equation which one is the ternperofure dependency term-arid hO~1 is itrelated to the temperature? Compere 'the same with collision tneorv. (5 M a ri< s). .

(b) What ore the .merits and. dernerts ot uSing. integraJ and. differential rnerncdsot.Of!Olysisof experimenta~dota.. . (5 ".~orks)(c) : F i t on nth order rate equafion to 1hefollov/ing botch reactor data by diffe:enTioimethod ' .

' . . ' T i m e . t(sec)" .co~entration. aA (mol/i) U 20 40 60 120 180 300t o 8 6 5 3 2 ,"1 . .. ' .Determine the order of react ion end rote constant.,. ~.. ~ . . . . .2. (0) Derive the perfo~,.CIuOtion for a steady state mixed flow reactor

i) For 1st order constant densHy systemU ) For 1st'ordei'varylng volur:ne.system ~. n o Mc.cksL

(b) 1 1 /m in o f Uquid c o n t - ; k 1 t n g ' A & 8 ( G A o _ - o . i molfl &0 BQ 0.01 mol/i) f ic~'wVn~oo mixed reoctor ofvoluma V=lliter. The motedclreccfsfn c. complexmcnner ferwhichthestochiomefry I s un kn own . The oUf1 et s tream from the reoctor contcn A.. -,S&C (CA = 0.02mol/I, CB =~O~03mol/l"CO =0.04 mol/l).Fin~ merota :of'feaction of A. B & Cfor conditions wHhin. the reoctc::. ' (10Ma~ , .. ,.... .3. (a) For mixed flow reactors of different sizes in series. explain :. . ,. .' .I). . To f inq the conve~ jor Q given system .graphicofly ,Ii) To find the best system for a give~ conversion graphicaJly.\Nhat is the general rule for b e s t arrangement for c set o f ideal reactors. based onorder ot:reacfion. n1 . ,- . : (5+5=10Marks)

(b) For non-ldeal reoctors, explain the exit ag~ distribution curve (RTDor Ecerve).. . (5 M < ;rrks)(c) Explain the pulse' experimental method for finding E. (5 Maries)

4. (0) For the growth of biomass, explain th~ Monod growth kinetics taking into. accountthe effect of endogenous metabolism. [I Mo(l($}(b) For the growth of filamentous organisms, what do you mean by growth ossccicteoand non-growth associated models in product formation kineiics? (7 iv:::.ks)ee) Explain Leudeking-Piret kinetics of product formation.

cc.: '/ . . . . . . _


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ifth Semester B.E.Degree Examination, January IFebruary 2006. Bio Technology

Bioprocess &8ioreaction Engineering .- - .~: 3 hrs.) (Max,}/.:::~


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'ifth Semester B.Tech. Degree Examination, JUlyJnubl.4~" _Bio Technology

Bioproce~s&Bioreactfon Engineering 3 hrs.]

N-ote: -#,' Answer any FIVE full questions.2. Use of scientific calculator i s permitted. (a) -Explain elementary and non-elementary reactions with s~itabJe examples. .'- _. -. . ('II; ,,( ...1.:\ . . 1 . " - : l"!t\.I.."",. .:-.(b) Reaction between ~e a n d methyl iodide is carried out using nitrobenzenesolvent at 250. - .

(C2H5)2N +'OH31 ,C6~{02 [(C 2H shNCH2J+ . 1

(r...ax.Marks : 10n

The following data. is obtained ..t(sec) 1200 ., . . - - 1 8 0 0 2400 3600 5 40 0 . I..- . . 4.42 x 10~3 - ,1A mol/lit 11.04x 10-s 9.14 x 10--3 '1.72x 10-3 5.88 x 10-3lriitial ooncentration'ofboth the reactants is 0.0198 mol/lit each. Assume 'tltd( thereaction is second order and calculate i) the reaction rate constant arid l~) : 1 : 1 : . ere qu ired . fo r 3 Q % and 9 0% conversion. . . ("to MJr. ;~}. . ' . ~ :,\. . .- -2. (a) Derive the~~,-equation far steady state.plug flow reactor for firs: (:.l:.j ..-reaction. - .' . . .' . . . . , (~v'~liKS)

(b) A homogeneous, liquid phase second 'order reaction.is,carried out ir. : _ l. , " ~ . ~~~"Edf l o w ' reactor w i t h . S O O / o conversion ..calculate :. ._ . " - ..' ~ . . . . .i) The- fracflonz.1 conversio~ if this mixed' flow reactor is replaced by arorher .. mixeaflow reactor havingvolume sixtimes that of the original. .. " .-ill..:TIle fractional conversion if the origional mixed flowreactor i s . ~p'}a~~~by 2plug .flow reactor o{ .eqtGdsize; All other parameters remain ~nl\e .. (~,~i~"

. !3. (a } Expla in F, Cand E cmye.:.' '. '(b). Define dispersionmnnber and explain' its significance in reactor design. '.~:-:!.~rks)

(c) .Compare d i l k r e n : f theOri~s,~;hlch' ' d~~~'he temperature dependa, ic e vf rateconstant .. - . . .. .' (S1hlb)4. (a) Expla in ~9IlOd.~el for the growth of biomass. What are its limitations ?Derive ari expres~.lor mass doubling ~e. . . '(1 0 M alks

C"'l,,;~__V....... __ ..


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.- _:~, :. . ; :~~- (b) A strain' of mold was grown in a batch culture on glucose and the foHcwing d~tJ.were obtained.

TIme Cell~ncentratiOi) I Glucose cO:lcentratioPt.1(hi ( g /1) I (s/ I ) j0 1.25 ~"'O I~U Is: . 245 r 97 I6 5.10 90.4030 : 2200 48.1036 37 .50 9.3840 41 .00 0.63- -i)- Calctkte" t h e maximum growth rate and substrate yield.- 'ii) Whafis th e maximum cel l concentration one could expect if 50 g O r gl,!coSt,,was used with th e same size of inoculum? I;;)~t.rki,

5.' (a): Define' yield coefficients based on growth, substrate and product formation. . . = 6 ;,l..i(~l(b) Discuss the importance ofelemental balances in bioreaction.

, . '(c) Clostridium ace~butylicum,carries out anaerobic fermentation and' convertsglucose into acetone, butanol along with smaller concentrations of butyrate,'.,acetate, etc.' Ina {ermen~tion , , the foUowingproducts were obtained from 100, moles of glucose ,~~ ~1.2 moles, of NH 3 as nitroge~ source.

~ .

Mole s

-. ~.

,.-- __ 'a '.- c~>- . ' '.~ (CaIJbO~Nt!J, ":,1 a.,.'i ~~;!Zr-",!q,H100 'a

: "a acetone (0386'0), ~ ~ . , . , e ,, 1m tyr ic ac id (04HS02):,~tiS add a(02'H,02)'/- [_.'.'" ~ ,;,OJ';Oj.,. ' ,

":'a';::'- 'a~::;~lu~,~~iL CO2 ' 221.'., -1' f.' lW~'~ '.~~;if:' H 2, ' 135 ', "":~~,:,:,;'-:!i'~~~l (C2H.O) 0.70 " ' " , " .:

,B Y a ~ ~ ,a;~,nitrogen; hydrogen and .oxygen balance, determine the' ,e1emen~ ~~~fthe cells ." . ', ', , a" ,(lOMuks), , " ',' " a''':' J'{ .;._. -.s,.a.. , .

Product formed136 8

_ _ '-

220.4014

.' ."

.. -

~ (a) ~ ~li4.:-:~~tatio~. ~t are its ad~an~ges and ~dvantagesover SUbmerged ~tions 1 - Explam the apphcations .of solid substrate'fermentation. . , (10M.nks)(b) Draw' a neatSketdi. ttl'" iiilustrial ferment or and explain th e important parameters

a to b e monitored and controlled during submerged fermentation. (10 Mms)7. (a) Enumerate the major components of fermentation media and explain their

importance; (6 Mads)(b) Discuss the kinetics of thermal sterilisation. (4Mms)

.!


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F i f - . h Semester B.Tech. Degree Examination, Janua.rflFeoruary 0.3Bioprocess & Bioreacrion Engineering ..

Bio'.fechnologyn r . e : 3hrs.] ..~ . . .

Note: 1. Answer any FIVE full questions.2. Alissillg data if any 11UIY be suitab iy assumed.3. Ali-full question s c arry equal m arks. .-- . .1. (a) \ 'Yhat a.PE the differences between biop recess and Bioreacticn engineering? i: " " 1 - ' : . ; _ ' r.

~ b riet1 y . .' . '.' ~5:;':'r:~~j'(b)Oafsify the chemical reactions intodifferentcategories. Biological rc.:c::ns~z.:~be classified W;o .what categ.ot.y? :;~:.~.~::':~:._, Define the following a n d . distingu'sh between the terms ..

i) Order and rmlecularity.->?". .ii) Mechanamand rate equation /iii) Half life and doubling time v"'".. iv) Integral and differential method of analysis 'J/"". .: '. . 'k (a~ Discuss ~ ~~6.;~~ri~ and demerits of. Bioconversion process, (5 M;.i.;(s:

(b) Describe the phasesof bacteria cell. growth ill a batch bio reactorwitr ..-~-""'~~~::;...graph. ~ ''. -':_'. .' .. .s~~~:;,.-. .' l' 1.' ". .., ~c) Explain howa batch. reactorkineti.: d~ta ~ be usedfor .clesi@ .1!:-:g a . CS~-:~"7:..:.:..:~. . .. . .3. (a) " Y h a t are th e causes for non ldealzy inthe reactor operations? E~'i....6 . . . : . y:r: ::'~.'th em in p racH ...:e? '. . ; . 5 . , . ; : : Y r . : : , ; : ~ !

(b) A fust order reaction -rA . kG A with k = O . 3 0 7 ' ! l - i n ~ e ~ ~ ; ~ ~ ~ ; = - ~ " : b icontinuo~ flo~vsteady state reactor. A ~cer testcond~ct~~~;his>c~.: .: :-~\:, '.' -.' . ., the following data ." . .' .. .'. . . "; '; ..' ')....'.; , .. '. " , to - \ . . _ . . . . ' . ~ .

..~ .

2 . i".... !" "\ :.: ;.~I. . " ' \ ' -1 _{ ~

Find the fraction of reactant unconverted in the reactor, 'C~'n\p?~:,'~':"~~';\;:,~}(_'::"."that of ideal plug flow reactor of the same size,- (l2'!/,L::,::J .. '

o I 5 I 1 0 "ime t, min o j . 3' 5- . Ii ' i 5 4racer cone.out put,' gm/Iiter

(a) \o\'hat- are the limitations of equilibrium analvsis of biochemical l'~:~,..' ',5 -: l-:.:,.:,'. -'.do vou overcome? . . '.'.~".Lrk.~:J


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VirvesvartlJ '4 T ec hnologic al U niversit.J 'B. E. Biotechnology _\! Semester,BIOPROCESS AND REACTION ENG~l:ERING

:: BT 52 , l\la'\:MarksTime: 3H(j

lwlODELQUES'IION PAPER-nn s: , -___,..nswer any five tull questleas, if)All questions carry equal marksDefine rate, order moleculerity, elementay and non elementary reactionsIn the presen-ce of a hom ogeneous catalyst ofg iv en concen tra tion, auqeousa n

.verted in tyo product It the'following rates. and CA-81ooe determines this rate.'1 . 2 4 6 7 9 12 -fA, mel/lit hr: . .06 0.1 0.25 1.0 2.0 1.1ed top run this reaction-in a batch reactor at the sane cltalysts concentretion as (beabove daa, Find the time needed to lower the concentration of A from CAO=t) Caf:-2 mo lllit~~aine and sketch different types of reactor. HO\\F the selection of reactor: isdonical industry.. . - . ..\\rha1 is the Q-line?Ho\Y it Bfrects the performance?Define Dispersion number? H oW is it affects the conversion?The concentntion readings in the followingtable represent a continuous resporName the various operating modes applied inanimal cen culti\ l1t ioD explain anDiscuss the effect oft~peiattir. on conversion for an endothermic reaction ..Briefly ~Xplain structured &un itructured growthmo~l lvithsuitahle exampleM.M KiJ ;letics P roblem . _ .. .Delane yield, maintenance coefficient, seJ ectivity~ reactivity w ith suitabJ e ex am!G i~ an ~ c oUQ t _ _n~.qetic analysis ofm icrobial grow th and product fOI lDst i (1 0 you .evaluate B i o l n . 8 S S produCt f O t ;m a t i o D - -With-anem sketch ex plain eperation.cf an industrial fennenterEx p la in -the s ign if icance cfmediaformularion, discuss vtrious ingredients and sName the various t y p e s of steriJ ization, discuss anyone? - .Discuss the various steps invo lved inmigraion of oxygen from bubble to eI1Z}cell - 0 " 000 _ - _- . . . ' . .E x plain how mass transfer coeflici.ent are eVtilu.ed fer sparged and agitated yes. . . .

. - . '. '. "


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Model Question Paper for V Semester B E( < ; Y , , )\_____ UT

BIOTE.C'II1'\OLOGYBIO PROCESS & llIOn.EACTION ENGINEERING3brs, Max . M arks: i0 (1

Note: 1. Answer any-five full questions.2. All questions carry equal marks.3. Missing data If any, Carl be suitably assumed.a) Define the following with examples

(i) Elementary reaction (ii) Non elementary reactions (iii) Mechanism of areaction(iv)Cheluical reaction rate (v) Order of a chemical reaction

b) Discuss the difference between the different theories of reaction ratec) A zero- order homogeneous gas reaction with stichiometry A. ~ rR proceeds in a -. constant volume bomb, n=l atm when t = 0 and n = 1~5 atm when t=l min. If the Jsame reaction, same feed composition and 'initial pressure proceeds 'in constantpressure s,.!t I I p find V ' at t=Irnin if V = 12 at t = O. ,I 'a) Describe the basic design equations for a ideal tabular flow reactor and CSTR.. 1Compareandcontrast them with respect to performance. ,M " A' first order reaction is to be treated in a series of two mixed reactors.' Show that- the total volume of two reactors is minimum whenthe reactors arc equal insize, 1a) Distinguish between micro fluid and macro fluid.b) .. Derive tbc'eqt.uition ala-lirst order reaction using the segregation model when RTD ,is .equivalent' to ' (i) 'an ideal 'PFR and' (ii) an>ideal CSTR. Compare these__ conversions with 'those obtained from the design equation.ftWhat is the, difficulty of culturing animals cells? Discuss the methods used foi the" cultivatioriofanimals cells.a) Explain the effect of Temperature and pressure-on the equilibrium conversion of, exothermic and endothermic reaction ' . .. b). 'rhe g r o w t h : ofa bacteria stepinoopi can be described by the logistic growth' law

rg .. ~ + ~ g J c < . . . . . ' . . " . . . .With urn' ' O~5hr" and Cm =20g/dnl) The substrate is in'excess. ,- .: _,

(i) The cell growth, is to.be carried out ina 2dm3 batch reactor. Plot the 'growth .rate andcell concentration (g,tdn13) ~s functions of timeafter inoculation of 0.4 grams of .., ,cells into thereactor (ignore the lag period).(ii) The batch vessel in part (i) is to be turned into a CSTR. Derive an equation for hewash out tate. Choose values for the volumetric flow rate of the entering substrateand plot the cell concentration as a function of time after inoculation.


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'Jge No... 25. (0) 1:1stoch!ometric colcutcticns of biologicci reocnons. V:!)CT co yCi...! r':"':?C-' by

i) One mole of biologicoi rrlo~eria!and respirotion c~_;c1':e::t:


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/

I CODE: BT S2

I"' '"ln'esvarl9'a Techno log ica l l i~ersiI;J'B. E. Biotechnology .vS...Ol~;~~er_BIOPROCESS Al\~ REACTION ENGLl\'"EERING

I\J:axMarks: tOOTim e: 3110nrs

MODEL QUESTION PAPER-I..... diODS:i) Answer any five full questionsii) All questions cary equal maks

) Explain elementary and noo elementay reactions with exanples. 5I) Give the general equation for temperature d ep en den ce o fra te constant and compare therelated theories 5~Liquid A decomposes by secend order kinetics and in a b~ch reactor SOO/oof A is convertedin a five minute run, Howmuch longer would it take to reach 75% conversion? .10)erive the performance equation for ideal batch reactor at constant volume. 10) An aqueous feed of A & . B 400 Ipm and 100mole AI Litre, 200 mole B! litre is to beconverted to product in a plug flow reactor. The kinetics of the reaction is representedby, A+B R

-rA = 200CACsmolellitremin 10) G ive ,the general graphical design pro ced ures fcc non . isethermal reactors. 10) What is residence tilDe dlltnDution aad F,C and E curve? . 10) ShoWhow the reactiooequ ilib rium eonstant changes w ith tem peraureand ex plain the ~ff~c. t e m p e r a t u r e o n eqailibiium conwrSio~ , 10I) E.'q)lain , in detail ,the different phases oteel groWth in balch Q11ture ,to)Wde a ado onyield coetttClelil p-edidion ' 5)Wde anote on:inainten8llce:toefficient. 'S~TIle ' g rowth of S. cenM si., on glucose under anaerobic conditions can be described by ti~overaIJ ~it\n. .

4Ht2~ + ,lNID --. . ' 0.59 CH1.7~ N0200.4IS+O.43C3Ha~ + 1.54C(h + ]C2HsOH'+ O.036ILODet.mme th e biomass yield coefficient Y, the product yield coefficient Y ,EtOH, Yc


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age No ...lUSN I I . I I I I I I I I8T52lII : ~~~V SCHEME J

Fifth Semester B.E.1)egree Examination, Dec.06 / Jall.07BiotechnologyBioprocess and Bioreaction Engineering

. Time: 3 hrs.] [Max. Marks: 100Note: 1.Answer lilly FIVE full questions.

1 a. Differentiate between: i) Elementary and non elementary reactionsill .Molecularity and order of reaction. .(08Marks)b. A reaction with stoichiometric equation, .

.!..A +B = R + _ ! _ S h a s the following rate expression.2 2 l J . .. - ')CO5C r o / A - C" e nI s r:> A 'B' .'- I - IT ~What is the rate expression for this reaction if the stoichiometric equation is written

as A + 2 . B = 2R + SGi ve th e e x pla na tio n for the same. . . . (04 Marks)c. w-ue a temperature dependency term, rate constant, from Arrhenius law .. ' A reaction will be completed in 30 min at 63C. But, if the reactionis carried out at.74'C> .it takes 15 sec for. the same result. Find. th e activation energy for thisreaction,(Gas constant R = 8.314 J/gmol K) (08l\larks)

2. .a . Explain the general procedure of finding the rate equation b y integral method ofanalysis for irreversible, unimolecular type 1 51 order reaction A .--:. Products, both interms of concentration arid conversion. (lO Mads), ...

b. It has been assumed that" the reaction A ~ Products is of 2nd order. Find from theanalysis of following experimental data whether this assumption is correct ornot,

(10 Marks),..--Time, t sec 0 20 40 60 120 ] 8 0 300Concentration 1.0 8 6. .5 .3 ') . . . ) ..CA.mol/lit . . -.J _.I .:

3. a. For a steady state mixed How reactor and 'for t " ~ t order reaction, derive thepertounauce equation for a constant volume and varying volume reactor in terms of.concentration and conversion: .. (Hli\larl,~)

h. .A pure gaseous reactant (CAli = 100 mol/lit) is fed at steadystate into a mixed Howreactor of volume V =0.1 litre. For different gas feed rates, the following data wereobtained. .._----

ConeenC,~mo

- -'ic flow rate. 10.0 3.0 ].2 0t/hrtration -85.7 66.7 50 . . ,Illit -'..~-.

.5Volumeuv, Ii1 . 4

The stoichiometry of tile reaction is 2A--+R ami i t is a varying volume re..ctor.Find a rate equation for this reaction. . (1() Marks)

question bank - 5th sem

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