Quality Assurance & Quality Assurance & Food SafetyFood Safety

forforArizona Youth Livestock ProducersArizona Youth Livestock Producers

Why are we here?Why are we here?

Where will your animal end up Where will your animal end up after it leaves your possession after it leaves your possession after the fair?after the fair?

FOOD QUALITY and SAFETY- What FOOD QUALITY and SAFETY- What does that mean?does that mean?

JellybeansJellybeans

What is What is Quality Assurance?Quality Assurance?

QualityQuality

– Are the products good to eat?Are the products good to eat?

– Are they safe and healthy?Are they safe and healthy?

– Do they taste good?Do they taste good?

– Are they tender?Are they tender?

What is What is Quality Assurance?Quality Assurance?

Assurance:Assurance:

–A pledge or a A pledge or a promisepromise

Quality Assurance Quality Assurance The The promisepromise we make we make to consumersto consumers that the food that the food that comes from our livestock will be of the that comes from our livestock will be of the highest highest possible qualitypossible quality and we will do everything we can and we will do everything we can to make those products to make those products safe to eatsafe to eat..

Why Quality Assurance?Why Quality Assurance?

Improves food qualityImproves food quality Improves care and managementImproves care and management Avoids drug residuesAvoids drug residues Increases product valueIncreases product value

ConsumerConsumer

FoodFood ServiceService

Retail/Retail/DistributionDistribution

ProcessingProcessing HarvestingHarvesting

MarketingMarketing

TransportationTransportation

ProducerProducer

AttitudeAttitude

HACCP and Food SafetyHACCP and Food Safety

A system used in meat packing plants to A system used in meat packing plants to prevent food safety problemsprevent food safety problems

Regulated by the USDA Food Safety and Regulated by the USDA Food Safety and Inspection Service (FSIS)Inspection Service (FSIS)

HHazardazard AAnalysis nalysis andand

CCriticalritical CControl ontrol PPointsoints

HACCP and Food Safety

Microbial contamination– E. coli, salmonella, etc.

Chemical hazards– Chemical residues from medication

Physical hazards– Broken needles, bruising, or metal

Hazards can be identified as:Hazards can be identified as:

HACCP and Food SafetyHACCP and Food Safety

Identify hazardsIdentify hazards Find critical points in the processFind critical points in the process Establish critical limits for each critical control Establish critical limits for each critical control

pointpoint MonitorMonitor Take corrective action if monitoring shows there Take corrective action if monitoring shows there

are deviations outside the limits of a critical are deviations outside the limits of a critical control pointcontrol point

Keep records on each critical control pointKeep records on each critical control point Verify that the HACCP plan is working correctly.Verify that the HACCP plan is working correctly.

The Steps of HACCP are:

The producer’s responsibility is to The producer’s responsibility is to supply the packer with animals that are supply the packer with animals that are free from drug and chemical residues free from drug and chemical residues and physical hazards such as broken and physical hazards such as broken needles.needles.

We must also be aware of We must also be aware of withdrawal times because a withdrawal times because a packer can’t hold an animal packer can’t hold an animal delivered to the plant.delivered to the plant.

Where do I fit into HACCP ?Where do I fit into HACCP ?

Produ

cers

Produ

cers

ConsumersConsumers

Packer

Packer

Food and Drug AdministrationFood and Drug Administration • Regulates medicated animal feed and most Regulates medicated animal feed and most

health productshealth products• Approves products and sets tolerance Approves products and sets tolerance

levels for antimicrobialslevels for antimicrobials

Current Regulatory AgenciesCurrent Regulatory Agencies

• Sets tolerance levels for pesticides used in livestock productionSets tolerance levels for pesticides used in livestock production

Food Safety and Inspection ServiceFood Safety and Inspection Service•Inspects hogs in packing plantsInspects hogs in packing plants•Examines plant sanitationExamines plant sanitation•Approves plant sanitationApproves plant sanitation

Lets Watch a VideoLets Watch a Video

Quality Assurance: Strengthening Quality Assurance: Strengthening the Chain of Wholesome Food the Chain of Wholesome Food ProductionProduction

GPP’sGPP’s

Good Production Good Production

PracticesPractices

Good Production Practice #1Good Production Practice #1Keep Accurate RecordsKeep Accurate Records

Why?

Proof of ownership

Record medications

Good management

FFA/4-H Recordbook

Animal IdentificationAnimal Identification

Maintain medication and Maintain medication and treatment records.treatment records.

Good Production Practice #1Good Production Practice #1Keep Accurate RecordsKeep Accurate Records

Date of treatmentDate of treatment Animal treatedAnimal treated Product usedProduct used Amount administeredAmount administered Route of administrationRoute of administration Who gave the drugWho gave the drug Withdrawal timeWithdrawal time Completed withdrawal dateCompleted withdrawal date

Lets Practice Record Lets Practice Record KeepingKeeping

Split into two groupsSplit into two groups Properly complete the record Properly complete the record

based on the information based on the information provided youprovided you

What about other What about other records besides records besides

medication?medication? Animal ID methodsAnimal ID methods

– Ear tagEar tag– Ear notchEar notch– TattooTattoo

Performance RecordsPerformance Records– Weight gain (weekly, daily, Weight gain (weekly, daily,

etc)etc)

•Freeze brandFreeze brand•Hot iron brandHot iron brand•MicrochipMicrochip•Neck, foot bandNeck, foot band

Lets take a look at Lets take a look at swine Ear notchingswine Ear notching

Practice Practice Identifying swine Identifying swine by ear notchesby ear notches

Obtain and use veterinary prescription drugs through a licensed veterinarian based on a valid veterinarian-client-

patient relationship

Good Production Practice #2Establish a Valid Veterinary-Client-

Patient Relationship

Over the Counter DrugsOver the Counter Drugs (OTC) (OTC) Prescription DrugsPrescription Drugs (Rx) (Rx)

– Factors determining whether a drug Factors determining whether a drug is OTC or Rx:is OTC or Rx: Margin of safety to animalMargin of safety to animal Effects of accidental overdoseEffects of accidental overdose Difficulty of identifying disease being Difficulty of identifying disease being

treatedtreated Safety for the administratorSafety for the administrator

Types of Animal Health Types of Animal Health ProductsProducts

Types of Drug UseTypes of Drug Use

Labeled UseLabeled Use:: Using the drug Using the drug EXACTLYEXACTLY as it is as it is specified on this label. Medicated feed may only be specified on this label. Medicated feed may only be used as directed by the label. Labeled use is legal and used as directed by the label. Labeled use is legal and the type of use most producers use!the type of use most producers use!

Off LabelOff Label: : The PRODUCER uses drugs on their own in The PRODUCER uses drugs on their own in a manner other than what is stated on the label a manner other than what is stated on the label without veterinarian guidance. This is ILLEGAL!!without veterinarian guidance. This is ILLEGAL!!

Extra LabelExtra Label:: The VETERINARIAN prescribes a drug to The VETERINARIAN prescribes a drug to be used in a manner other than what’s on the label. be used in a manner other than what’s on the label. This is legal and is used when a good veterinarian-This is legal and is used when a good veterinarian-client-patient relationship exists.client-patient relationship exists.

•The label says to give 10cc of the The label says to give 10cc of the drug…your veterinarian says give 20cc.drug…your veterinarian says give 20cc.

•You decide You decide on your ownon your own to use a drug to use a drug for pneumonia to treat your pigs for pneumonia to treat your pigs ringworm.ringworm.

•Your veterinarian suggests using a Your veterinarian suggests using a drug approved for chickens on your pig.drug approved for chickens on your pig.

•The label says treat your pig twice a The label says treat your pig twice a day and you treat it at 8 am and 8 pm.day and you treat it at 8 am and 8 pm.

Extra Label, Off Label ...or Okay?

EXTRA LABELEXTRA LABEL

OKAYOKAY

EXTRA LABELEXTRA LABEL

OFF LABEL and OFF LABEL and ILLEGALILLEGAL

Good Production Practice Good Production Practice #2#2

Properly Store, Label and Account for all Properly Store, Label and Account for all Drug Products and Medicated Feeds.Drug Products and Medicated Feeds.Food and Drug Administration regulates what drugs Food and Drug Administration regulates what drugs

and amounts are safe for use. It also licenses feed and amounts are safe for use. It also licenses feed mills to use these approved drugs. mills to use these approved drugs.

Good Production Practice #3Follow Healthy Production Practices

Read & Follow Label Instructions…..Read & Follow Label Instructions….. All drug labels and/or inserts should contain this informationAll drug labels and/or inserts should contain this information

Good Production Practice #3Good Production Practice #3Follow Healthy Production PracticesFollow Healthy Production Practices

Proper Injection SitesProper Injection Sites Don’t give intra-muscular injections in high Don’t give intra-muscular injections in high

value cuts – preferred location is in the neck.value cuts – preferred location is in the neck. May cause injection site lesions or abscessMay cause injection site lesions or abscess Common TechniquesCommon Techniques

– Sub-QSub-Q– IMIM– IVIV

Good Production Practice #3Good Production Practice #3Follow Healthy Production PracticesFollow Healthy Production Practices

Good Production Practice #3Good Production Practice #3Follow Healthy Production PracticesFollow Healthy Production Practices

Example of Injection Site Damage

Practice giving Practice giving injectionsinjections How to fill a needle properlyHow to fill a needle properly Disposal of needles properlyDisposal of needles properly Observe safety/health Observe safety/health

precautionsprecautions Lets Practice!Lets Practice!

Withdrawal TimeWithdrawal Time

Withdrawal time is the amount of time required Withdrawal time is the amount of time required for the medication to be metabolized, or broken for the medication to be metabolized, or broken down, by the animal’s body.down, by the animal’s body.

•Determined and set by research and Determined and set by research and governmental regulationsgovernmental regulations•Printed on the medication labelPrinted on the medication label

Good Production Practice #3Good Production Practice #3Follow Healthy Production Practices Follow Healthy Production Practices

Visual Demonstratoin of Visual Demonstratoin of how Withdrawal Time how Withdrawal Time

WorksWorks Chocolate MilkChocolate Milk

Provide proper animal care.Provide proper animal care.

Good Production Practice #4Proper Care & Handling

ALWAYS ….ALWAYS ….

have plenty of clean, fresh waterhave plenty of clean, fresh water– Animals will die in 1 -3 days without waterAnimals will die in 1 -3 days without water– Shortage of, or poor quality water will affect Shortage of, or poor quality water will affect

performanceperformance

Good Production Practice #4Proper Care & Handling

PensPens– Don’t overcrowdDon’t overcrowd– Clean, dry beddingClean, dry bedding– No nails or sharp objects sticking outNo nails or sharp objects sticking out– Clean feed bunks and waterClean feed bunks and water

Good Production Practice #4Good Production Practice #4Proper Care & HandlingProper Care & Handling

Weather conditionsWeather conditions….….

Protect from extremesProtect from extremes

- Shade, fans, misters- Shade, fans, misters

- Added shelter- Added shelter

Good Production Practice #4Good Production Practice #4Proper Care & HandlingProper Care & Handling

Work with animals prior to the FairWork with animals prior to the Fair

Don’t poke, hit, or prod animals in the high value cut Don’t poke, hit, or prod animals in the high value cut areasareas

Do not cause increased stress Do not cause increased stress

Don’t forget about your project after the showDon’t forget about your project after the show

Good Production Practice #4Good Production Practice #4Proper Care & HandlingProper Care & Handling

Use high quality feedsUse high quality feeds Read labelsRead labels Meet nutritional needsMeet nutritional needs Follow appropriate feed mixing proceduresFollow appropriate feed mixing procedures Clean and free of wire, Clean and free of wire, manure, mold, etcmanure, mold, etc Properly storedProperly stored

– Dry & cleanDry & clean– Away from rodents and other animalsAway from rodents and other animals– Not too oldNot too old

Good Production Practice #5Good Production Practice #5Provide Adequate & Safe FeedProvide Adequate & Safe Feed

Good Production Practice #6Good Production Practice #6Maintain BiosecurityMaintain Biosecurity

INTERNAL STRATEGIESINTERNAL STRATEGIES Vaccination ProtocolsVaccination Protocols Animal MovementAnimal Movement Cleaning and disinfectingCleaning and disinfecting

EXTERNAL STRATEGIESEXTERNAL STRATEGIES Unit Location and Unit Location and

MaintenanceMaintenance Transportation ControlsTransportation Controls Isolation and Isolation and

Acclimatization Acclimatization Visitor Entry PoliciesVisitor Entry Policies

Reduce the risk of diseases, parasites and pests.

Good Production Practice #6Good Production Practice #6Maintain BiosecurityMaintain Biosecurity

Make sure livestock trailersMake sure livestock trailers are cleaned and are cleaned and sanitized/sterilized.sanitized/sterilized.

Avoid sharing grooming and Avoid sharing grooming and feeding/watering equipment.feeding/watering equipment.

Discourage fair visitors from Discourage fair visitors from petting or feeding the petting or feeding the animals. animals.

Practice good personal Practice good personal hygiene.hygiene.

Be cautious with visitors to Be cautious with visitors to your farm. your farm.

Isolate all purchased Isolate all purchased animals for two weeks animals for two weeks and, preferably, for 30 and, preferably, for 30 days.days.

Isolate all animals Isolate all animals returning from shows returning from shows the same as purchased the same as purchased animals.animals.

Contact with other Contact with other animals or livestock animals or livestock equipment, can expose equipment, can expose your animal to disease.your animal to disease.

Reduce the risk of diseases, parasites and pests.

Good Production Practice #6Good Production Practice #6Maintain BiosecurityMaintain Biosecurity

You just got a new pig to add to your You just got a new pig to add to your herd. Show how you would go about herd. Show how you would go about introducing the pig into the swine herd introducing the pig into the swine herd using good biosecurity practices.using good biosecurity practices.

Feeding and WateringFeeding and Watering PenningPenning TransportationTransportation Etc. Etc.

Let’s Put it into Practice!

Provide animals that are safe, wholesome and Provide animals that are safe, wholesome and high qualityhigh quality– A product that is nutritious,A product that is nutritious,– with minimal microbial contamination,with minimal microbial contamination,– no chemical residues above acceptable no chemical residues above acceptable

limits,limits,– no parasites,no parasites,– and when prepared properly is beneficial to and when prepared properly is beneficial to

human health when consumed.human health when consumed.

Good Production Practice #7Good Production Practice #7Follow Proper Food Safety PracticesFollow Proper Food Safety Practices

Good Production Practice #7Good Production Practice #7Follow Proper Food Safety PracticesFollow Proper Food Safety Practices

A few quality problems include:

Abuse of Paylean Blood SplashingBruising

Good Production Practice #7Good Production Practice #7Follow Proper Food Safety PracticesFollow Proper Food Safety Practices

As a consumer take steps to prevent food-As a consumer take steps to prevent food-borne illnessborne illness– Clean: wash hands and food contact surfacesClean: wash hands and food contact surfaces– Separate: don’t cross contaminateSeparate: don’t cross contaminate– Cook: cook to the proper temperatureCook: cook to the proper temperature– Chill: refrigerate promptlyChill: refrigerate promptly– If in doubt – throw it outIf in doubt – throw it out

Good Production Practice #7Good Production Practice #7Follow Proper Food Safety PracticesFollow Proper Food Safety Practices

““Character is revealed by how we Character is revealed by how we behave when we are sure that behave when we are sure that we won’t be found out.”we won’t be found out.”

Thomas Babington MacaulayThomas Babington Macaulay

Good Production Practice #8Good Production Practice #8Exhibit Strong Character TraitsExhibit Strong Character Traits

Let’s Watch another Let’s Watch another VideoVideo

The Rules are Black and WhiteThe Rules are Black and White

Read the rules.Read the rules.

If it needs to be a secret, it’s probably wrong.If it needs to be a secret, it’s probably wrong.

Is it a fraudulent practice? Does it misrepresent Is it a fraudulent practice? Does it misrepresent

the animal?the animal?

Is your action in the best interest of the animal?Is your action in the best interest of the animal?

Does your action require the granting of Does your action require the granting of

“Special Exception”?“Special Exception”?

Good Production Practice #8Good Production Practice #8Exhibit Strong Character TraitsExhibit Strong Character Traits

Ethical Decision Making

Trustworthiness Trustworthiness Respect Respect Fairness Fairness Caring Caring CitizenshipCitizenship ResponsibilityResponsibility

Good Production Practice #8Good Production Practice #8Exhibit Strong Character TraitsExhibit Strong Character Traits

Core Values

Character ActivityCharacter Activity

Match the character trait being Match the character trait being violated with the situation that violated with the situation that correspondscorresponds

Quality Assurance & Food Safety

“Success in the show arena is just part of your food animal project.”

“You are a food producer and must carry the responsibility that comes with being a part of our food chain.”

“Do the Right Thing!