puntland facts and figures, mopic

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PUNTLAND STATE OF SOMALIA

MINISTRY OF PLANNING AND INTERNATIONAL

COOPERATION

DEPARTMENT OF STATISTICS

PUNTLAND FACTS AND FIGURES

3rd Edition

September 2007

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PREFACE

The Ministry of Planning and International Cooperation (MOPIC) has the honour to present the 2006 edition of Puntland Facts and Figures. This book is the second publication of an annual serial of Statistics, which will serve as a main general statistical reference for the Puntland State of Somalia. Given the relatively short time that Puntland has existed and the critical socioeconomic and political situation, required statistics have not been collated and complied mainly due to lack of adequate secondary data as well as limited resources with which to carry out intended surveys to collect necessary primary data. However, this book covers various important aspects of economic, social and industrial life. For instance: population, climate, social services (education, health), agricultural production, communication, marine production and revenue. The Puntland Facts and Figures will be updated annually and the data of missing sectors incorporated as it becomes available. The Ministry of Planning and International Cooperation welcomes comments and suggestions from users of this book. We express our thanks and gratitude to the United Nations Development Programme (UNDP) Somalia and the World Bank who sponsored and assisted in the preparation of this booklet under the Somalia Watching Brief (SWB) Programme.

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1. INTRODUCTION 1.1. HISTORICAL BACKGROUND The history of the northeastern region of Somalia has since mid-1998 been referred to as the Puntland State of Somalia. This region has over many years been dominated by negative historical, political and socio-economic events that have occurred in the last century. Although pre-colonial Somalia society did have a national government with modern structures and clearly defined international borders, the northeast region had traditional structures of governments dating from the early years of the 19th century, namely: the sultanate of Majerteen (1901–1927) whose territory included the current regions of Bari and Nugal, the sultanate of Mudug/Hobyo (1885–1925) and the sultanate of eastern Sanag (1896–1925). These sultanates are still relatively under-developed and far from assuming a modern status in terms of political and state management systems. They had administrative and military structures, which safeguarded security, social welfare and political stability until these were disrupted by powerful colonial powers: the Italians in the first two sultanates and the British in the third one. Trade and commercial relations existed between the sultanates and the Indian sub-continent and Arabian Gulf states. For instance, Advalorem taxation systems, export of livestock, animal and agro-forestry products and import of consumer goods thrived in the sultanate of Majerteen during the second half of the 19th century and first quarter of the 20th century. The Italian and British conquest of the sultanate in (1923 –1927) suppressed the peoples’ resistance and destroyed all political, economic and commercial structures. The Italian fascist authorities were more repressive than the British as reflected by the most choking economic policies they applied to these regions. For instance, import-export trade and all the commercial transactions with above mentioned traditional markets were suspended and forcibly replaced with Italian trade companies which imported Consumer goods from Italy and exported salt, frankincense, hides, skin and agricultural cash crops (banana, cotton) to Italy through Mogadishu. The suspension of trade markets and political structures of the former sultanates by the colonial authorities had a devastating effect on the livelihood security, famine coping mechanism and employment/income earning opportunities of the northeastern communities. As a consequence, pastoralists, merchants and fishermen from these regions had to immigrate to the southern regions in order to seek for employment and trading opportunities. Furthermore, the sultans of Majerteen and Mudug, their families, relations and key collaborators such as the traditional elders were forcibly deported by the Italians to Mogadishu. The sultan of eastern Sanag was exiled to the Seychelles Island by the British authorities. The deportation and exile of the sultans, the compulsory conscription of more than 25,000 pastoralists (Italo-Ethiopian war of 1935-36) and destruction of economic, trade and political structures were all aimed on the one hand to prevent or repress internal resistance and rebellion and on the other hand to deplete and weaken the manpower resources of the conquered regions. The successive administrations that ruled the country in the 20th century: (British and Italian colonial authorities (mid 1920s-1960) and Somali governments (1960-1990) did not allocate any tangible development programmes to the northeastern regions. Therefore, the current regions of the Puntland State of Somalia had particularly suffered from colonial authorities neglect and the post-independence centralized Somali governments lack of interest in this arid and semi-arid land, where people derived their livelihood and sustenance mainly from a volatile pastoral economy in harsh environment, sustaining a mere survival based lifestyle.

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1.2. PUNTLAND STATE OF SOMALIA The Puntland State of Somalia was established in August 1998 after a decision made by the traditional and political leaders, following the failure of several national reconciliation efforts. Originally, the administration derived its legitimacy from a series of locally sponsored conferences in which traditional council of elders (Isimada) played an important role. As stipulated in Article 1 of the Transitional Constitution, Puntland is a part of an anticipated Federal State of Somalia. It is striving for the unity of the Somali people and the creation of a Somali government based on a federal system. Similarly as stated in Article 3 of the Transitional Constitution, the Puntland State consists of the following six regions: 1. Bari with 7 districts; 2. Nugal with 5 districts; 3. Mudug with 4 districts 4. Sanag with 6 districts 5. Sool with 5 districts 6. Ayn with 3 districts 7. Karkar with 5 districts 1.3. TRENDS OF POLITICAL AND CONSTITUTIONAL DEVELOPMENT Up until it was affected by the recently resolved internal conflict following a peace accord reached on 17th May 2003, the State of Puntland had shown some degree of initiative to step up the slow and hesitant development of governance structures and socio-economic reconstruction without the benefit of much international assistance. 2. GEOGRAPHY AND CLIMATE 2.1. LOCATION Puntland State is geographically located in the northeastern portion of Somalia. It borders with Northwest regions in the west, Gulf of Aden in the north, Indian Ocean in the southeast, Central regions in the south and Ethiopia in the southwest. 2.2. AREA Total area of the State of Puntland is 212,510 km2 (roughly one-third of Somalia’s geographical area). 2.3. CLIMATE The State of Puntland is semi arid. The country has a warm climate and average daily temperatures range from 27ºC to 37ºC. This favours pastoralism as the most effective use of land in most parts of the State. The most valuable pastureland includes the Hawd region in the high plateau of the west of Mudug and Sool regions and into Ethiopia and the low Nugal valley. In contrast, it is only along the high mountain ranges of Bari that mild temperatures are experienced. In all other parts, the State generally endures tropical desert heat.

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Rainfall is variable and sparse with no one area receiving more than 400mm of rain annually. Therefore, nomads rely primarily on wells as a water source rather than surface water. There are four main seasons dictated by shifts in the wind patterns. Pastoral and agricultural life revolves around these seasons. These are: • Jilal from January to March, the harshest dry season of the year; • Gu is the main rainy season from April to June; • Xagaa from July to September is the second dry season; • Deyr is shortest and less reliable rainy season, lasting from October to December. 3. ADMINISTRATIVE SUB-DIVISION 3.1. STRUCTURE OF THE STATE The structure of Puntland State consists of the Judiciary, Legislative (House of Representatives) and the Executive (the President and his nominated council of Ministries). 3.2. CAPITAL The capital of the Puntland State of Somalia is Garowe, with an estimated population of about 50,000. 3.3. OTHER MAJOR TOWNS Other major towns are Bosaso, Galkacyo, Las Anod, Buhodle,Baran and Gardo. 3.4. MAJOR PORT The major port of Puntland State of Somalia is Bosaso port. 4. POPULATION The population of Puntland state is estimated at 3.9 millions of which 52% Nomads (last estimation of 2006) 4.1. VITAL STATISTICS The population growth rate of Puntland is currently very high due to the influx of people from war-torn southern Somalia and from neighboring countries. Currently, 30% of Puntlanders live in the fast growing towns of Bosaso, Gardo, Garowe, and Galkacyo. Approximately 70% of the population is below the age of 30. 4.2. POPULATION DENSITY The population density in the Puntland State of Somalia is estimated at about 18 persons per Km

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5. RELIGION Islam is the main religion of Puntland. Virtually all Puntlanders are Muslims. 6. LANGUAGES The official languages are Somali and Arabic. English and Italian are also widely spoken in Puntland.

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7. LIVESTOCK The Livestock sector dominates the economy of the Puntland regions. The livestock products not only contribute to the livelihood of the nomads but also are substantial portion of the daily food intake of the population living in rural and urban areas. The economy of Puntland is largely dependent on livestock exports, which contribute to approximately 80% of foreign exchange earnings, 40% of the GDP and 60% of employment opportunities. Despite the economic importance of the sector, pastoralists survive in very difficult and fragile conditions characterised by the prevailing arid and semi-arid environment. The usual seasonal migratory patterns of nomadic life are often determined by prolonged dry seasons and recurrent droughts which occur once every 5 years. This causes wells and water points to dry up eventually forcing nomads and their livestock to migrate longer distances in life-threatening situations. All the four species of livestock traditionally herded by Somali nomads; sheep, goats, camels, and cattle are found in Puntland. No census has been carried out to determine livestock population in Somalia from 1988 up to the present. Despite the lack of data, it is possible to estimate current figures by analysing previous figures and trends. Based on these previous growth rates it is reasonable to assume that during the 10 years between 1988 and 1998 livestock population in the area registered an increase relative to that recorded during the preceding years, consequently, livestock is estimated to have increased annually in number close to: 2.1% in sheep, 1.2% in goats, 0.7% in camel and 1.0% in cattle. Table 1: Estimated Population of Livestock: 1999 - 2002 (Millions)

Year Goat Sheep Camel Cattle

1999 20.0 9.3 2.9 0.5

2000 20.2 9.5 3.1 0.5

2001 20.5 9.7 3.3 0.5

2002 20.7 9.9 3.6 0.5

Source: Towards Regulatory Economy/WSP .. Data Not Available No studies were done on livestock population for the years 2003 – 2006

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Table 2: Livestock for Slaughtering- Average Market Price for Bosaso, Galkaio and Garowe: 2000 - 2006(So.Sh) (Thousands)

Type Period Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sept Oct Nov Dec

2000 180 200 240 240 240 240 240 200 220 230 239 230

2001 170 200 220 230 190 190 190 190 200 220 230 230

2002 220 239 240 260 260 260 230 239 240 270 280 280

2003 .. .. 350 400 400 337 405 317 230 425 538 425

2004 350 350 400 400 337 350 347 330 300 409 362 449

Goat / Sheep

2005 500 650 550 550 550 460 460 480 480 400 400 437

2006 464 476 464 562 452 389 384 389 398 398 394 389

2000 800 800 750 679 900 900 1,300 1,200 1,000 1,000 .. ..

2001 800 .. 900 925 1,037 1,350 1,750 1,350 .. .. .. ..

2002 .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. ..

2003 .. .. 2,000 3,500 3,500 3,500 3,500 1,400 3,000 2,875 3,375 3,282

2004 2,000 1,800 1,800 1,800 2,000 2,000 2,500 2,500 2,600 2,600 2,600 3,375

Camel

2005 2500 2600 2600 3000 3000 3500 3500 2900 2900 2900 3000 2875

2006 3,250 3,344 2,700 3,875 4,000 4,125 4,125 4.000 4.000 4.000 4,000 4,000

2000 .. .. 625 750 475 625 .. .. .. .. .. ..

2001 .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. ..

2002 .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. ..

2003 .. .. 1,500 .. 2,000 2,000 2,525 2,750 .. 3,000 3,000 3,000

2004 2,900 .. .. .. .. 2,750 2,750 .. 1,700 2,342 2,400 3,000

Cattle

2005 N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A


Source: Ministry of Local Government and Rural Development. Data Not Available NA:THe number of cattle fore sale is insignificant in the markets:

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Table 3: Livestock for Export- Average Market Price in Bosaso, Galkaio and Garowe: 2000 - 2006So.Sh) (Thousands)

Type Period Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sept Oct Nov Dec

2000 210 205 207 205 206 205 209 208 215 203 212 222

2001 226 233 230 225 218 208 205 208 220 244 260 276

2002 280 293 293 303 322 336 327 326 351 394 397 414

2003 432 465 497 532 537 491 461 477 468 461 501 503

2004 497 447 444 511 511 418 372 374 388 429 456 445

Goat / Sheep


2006 663 663 663 663 663 663 663 663 663 663 663 663

2000 920 929 912 891 988 939 919 1,045 1,103 1,086 1,093 945

2001 947 1,001 1,007 1,129 1,383 1,390 1,128 1,097 1,099 1,352 1,560 1,908

2002 1,829 1,822 1,758 1,752 1,836 1,979 1,880 2,067 2,415 2,471 2,354 2,357

2003 2,409 2,508 2,592 2,511 2,900 2,638 2,813 2,971 3,184 2,756 2,833 2,667

Camel

2004 2,332 2,218 1,997 2,208 2,334 2,229 1,958 1,773 2,000 2,057 2,375 2,474


2006 1,800 1,800 1,800 3,500 3,500 3,500 3,500 3,500 3,500 3,500 3,500 3,500

2000 583 575 557 578 697 709 806 808 588 541 467 504

2001 542 580 600 610 620 630 650 638 650 763 875 875

2002 900 910 920 930 940 950 963 845 925 975 925 1,025

2003 1,125 885 1,040 1,023 1,007 990 975 1,100 1,390 1,100 1,050 1,000

Cattle

2004 1,463 1,500 1,500 1,680 1,220 1,475 1,300 1,360 1,125 1,425 1,220 1,525



Source: FSAU, FEWS NET and Ministry of Local Government and Rural Development.

N/A: THe number of cattle fore sale is insignificant in the markets

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Table 4: Goat and Sheep Slaughtered in Slaughter House in Galkaio: 2000 - 2006(Heads) (Thousands)

Month 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006

January 6.9 7.0 38.0 28.2 19.55 22.041 20.00

February 6.9 14.5 38.1 18.7 19.55 21.918 12.00

March 6.9 14.5 35.0 27.5 19.55 23.016 10.00

April 6.9 14.5 37.0 25.4 7.496 24.511 5.00

May 6.9 14.4 34.9 25.8 7.496 21.112 4.00

June 6.7 14.3 34.8 24.0 7.496 21.161 10.00

July 6.7 28.8 32.4 26.0 7.496 22.014 9.00

August 6.7 28.7 32.0 22.8 7.496 21.164 12.00

September 6.5 28.6 32.2 28.3 7.497 21.014 16.00

October 6.7 45.1 32.3 28.9 N/A 22.004 10.00

November 6.5 45.3 33.8 30.7 N/A 22.912 10.00

December 6.9 37.9 33.8 15.4 N/A 22.043 11.00

Total 81.2 293.6 414.3 301.7 103.6 264.9 129.0

Source: Alharameyn Slaughtering Company (Galkaio) Goat and Sheep slaughtered decreased in 2004 due to decrease in supply caused by severe drought that occurred for 4 consecutive years

8. FISHERY The Somali coastline is 3,300 km long. The proportion attributable to the State of Puntland is approximately 1,300 km. It extends from Gara’ad on the Indian Ocean side to Laaso Surad on the Gulf of Aden, the waters of which incidentally constitute the richest fish habitats in the region. The fish population in Puntland’s coastal waters varies in diversity and density. It is known that the prevalent species are large pelagic varieties such as yellow fin tuna, long-tail tuna, bonito, skipjack, and Spanish mackerel, while the main commercial demersel fish are groupers, snappers, grout and sea beam. Large populations of shark and ray are also registered. Commercial populations of inshore spiny lobster, genus panulirus, and offshore types of Puerulus Sewell and Puerulus Carinatus are found at depths of 150-400 metres. The abundance of marine resources characteristic of Puntland’s coastal zones by virtue of its geographical location has also exposed Puntland’s marine resources to susceptible risks of deterioration. These risks are attributable to factors such as an existing marine transport network, over harvesting carried out by illegal foreign trawlers and increased fishing efforts of the local people of Puntland. Soon after the establishment of the Puntland State of Somalia, the Ministry of Fisheries and Ports recognised the importance of a fishing development strategy for both the current and the future generation. The fishing industry provides direct employment to thousands of people during the eight-month duration of the fishing season, as well as indirect employment for people working in restaurants and enterprises. During the fishing season, temporary settlements are created along the coastline where women take goods for sale to earn income. The fishing industry is ranked as the second highest income earner for the community of Puntland after livestock.

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Table 5: Fish for Domestic Consumption - Average Tuna and Mackerel Price per Medium Piece in Bosaso: 2000 - 2006(So.Sh) (Thousands)

Tuna (1piece)

Mackerel (1piece)

Period

2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006

Jan 42 50 45 40 50 45 55 37 40 45 42 140 140 150

Feb 40 50 47 40 48 46 47 32 25 50 53 130 130 120

Mar 48 70 60 50 53 50 50 30 45 48 41 100 90 100

Apr 80 150 120 50 61 120 130 45 90 80 60 90 90 92

May 100 130 140 50 70 140 120 80 100 120 74 62 90 110

Jun 100 120 150 42 68 80 99 80 90 110 90 100 110 110

Jul 80 75 80 45 61 90 120 60 50 65 53 110 90 100

Aug 120 120 90 46 62 120 130 85 170 200 90 112 121 120

Sept 100 80 90 40 60 80 90 90 60 180 110 100 100 90

Oct 110 140 130 70 53 85 85 90 75 210 140 90 100 110

Nov 80 60 70 62 90 70 75 70 45 70 110 90 100 120

Dec 70 65 85 60 90 85 80 70 60 90 100 90 100 98

Source: OTP (International NGO) and MOPIC (estimation)

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Table 6: Fish for Export- Average Market Price Per Kg in Bosaso: 2000 - 2006(USD)

Pelagic

Dermersal

Period

2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006

Jan 1.0 1.0 1.0 1.2 1.2 1.7 1.8 1.0 1.0 1.0 1.3 1.2 1.2 1.4

Feb 1.0 1.0 1.0 1.1 1.2 1.5 1.6 1.0 1.0 1.0 1.2 1.2 1.2 1.2

Mar 1.0 1.0 1.0 1.0 2.0 1.3 1.2 0.9 0.9 1.0 1.0 2.0 1.2 1.3

Apr 0.9 0.9 1.0 2.0 1.9 1.7 2.0 0.9 0.9 1.0 1.0 2.0 1.5 1.5

May 0.9 0.9 1.0 2.0 1.2 1.7 1.8 0.9 0.9 1.0 1.0 2.0 1.5 1.6

Jun 1.0 1.0 1.0 1.9 1.0 1.7 1.9 1.0 1.0 2.0 1.9 2.0 1.5 1.8

Jul 1.0 2.0 1.0 2.0 1.0 1.5 1.6 0.9 0.9 2.0 1.6 1.9 1.8 1.9

Aug 0.9 0.9 2.0 1.9 1.0 1.5 1.8 0.9 0.9 2.0 1.0 1.5 1.6 1.5

Sept 0.9 0.9 2.0 1.0 1.0 1.5 1.2 1.0 1.0 2.0 2.0 1.3 1.6 1.7

Oct 1.0 1.0 2.0 1.0 1.0 1.5 1.0 0.8 0.8 1.0 2.0 1.4 1.5 1.2

Nov 1.0 1.0 1.0 1.0 1.0 1.6 1.4 0.8 0.8 1.0 2.0 1.5 1.5 1.3

Dec 1.0 1.0 1.0 1.0 1.0 1.6 1.6 1.0 1.0 1.0 2.0 1.6 1.5 1.5

Source: OTP

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Table 7: Lobster for Export- Average Market Price per Kg: 2000 - 2006

Period 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006

January 18.0 19.0 19.8 15.0 16.0 19.80 20.3

February 18.5 19.3 20.0 16.0 16.0 20.00 20.2

March 18.8 19.5 20.0 15.0 16.0 20.00 20.0

Apr l 18.8 19.9 20.3 15.0 16.0 20.40 20.5

May 19.0 20.4 21.0 15.0 20.0 21.00 22.1

October 19.7 21.0 21.4 15.0 20.0 21.40 21.3

November 19.8 21.0 21.5 15.0 20.0 21.50 24.5

Source: MOPIC There is no export of Lobster for the months of June- August and September and December because; June-August there are heavy winds blowing over the sea that causes waves making it difficult to fishing. September is preparation time for fishing. Again in December, there are heavy winds causing waves hence it is impossible to fish.

Table 8: Shark Fin for Export - Average Market Price per Kg in Bosaso: 2000 - 2006(USD)

Shark fins (white) Shark fins (black)

Period 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006

Jan 90 90 100 100 100 100 95 42 47 51 60 60 60 70

Feb 90 91 90 90 100 100 110 43 49 52 57 50 60 65

May 90 90 90 90 100 100 120 44 49 53 55 50 60 60

Jun 88 91 91 92 98 100 1100 45 50 54 60 60 60 65

Aug 90 91 90 90 98 95 96 46 50 54 53 60 60 58

Sept 91 90 92 90 100 120 100 47 52 55 54 60 60 60

Oct 90 90 87 90 100 98 110 47 52 56 55 60 60 61

Source: MOPIC There are no export for Shark fins in March-April, July, November and December because of its migratory character/patterns

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9. CULTIVATION Puntland is semi-arid with only seasonal rivers and untapped underground water. Most of the territory of Puntland is best suited for pasture, and not for expansive crop production due to general scarcity of water, formation of salt deposits on plots in the water spring areas, poor farming systems and poor seed qualities. The existing small-scale farming systems prevail in oases, dry river basins and places with good soil quality and low water tables. With respect to size, these are generally small plots of land utilized for vegetable and fruit cultivation. After the collapse of the State of Somalia, the influx of returnees increased demand for agricultural produce in their diet. Subsequently it imposed new challenges to the dry land through increasing and expanding the small plots or importing large quantities of produce from the inter-revering areas of Somalia. The consumer demand eventually led to a mushrooming of farming activities. However, increased application of modern farming techniques and harvesting of date palm trees improved the production to satisfy demand. Plots were irrigated and the production capacity of the land improved through employment of experienced Internally Displaced Persons (IDPs) from the south. This gave momentum to rainfall farming of sorghum and beans in certain localities (e.g Nugal) as well as date palm trees, increasing production of dates to satisfy the demand.

Table 9: Rainfall for Selected Towns in Puntland: 2000 - 2006(mm)

2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005

Towns Gu’ Deyr

Gu’

Deyr Gu’ Deyr Gu’ Deyr Gu’ Deyr Gu’ Deyr

Galkayo

191 47 38 45 53 54 58 31 47 74

Garowe

202 146 36 63 31 16 88 18 89 134

Jeriban 214 85 49 15 39 32 63 54 34 103

Source: NOAA/CPC USA FEWS Net Somalia Project Extracted from the satellite imagery= (please Muse, contact FSAU and update this data)

10. FRANKINCENSE In this sector the production system exists as follows: • Families owning Plantations who cultivate and harvest on a rotating basis (Gaafeysi) and, • Individuals who pay rent (CAWAAJI) to the families owning plantations and collect the production for the entire season. Two types of commercial frankincense are collected. MAYDI (Boswellia Frereania) from YAGCAR trees and BEEYO (Bowellia Sacra) from moxor trees. MAYDI frankincense is exclusive for Somalia, while BEEYO frankincense, varying in variety, is produced in Ethiopia (Region Five), Eritrea, Oman and India. Other varieties exploited commercially include the opopanox, which is a source of gum; myrrh, and Arabian Gum. Moreover, the woodland varieties of frankincense -commiphora grow in the inland areas of Puntland. As frankincense is mainly found in isolated areas, the mode of production is through frequent tapping of the incense trees. MAYDI is tapped over a nine month period, peaking in October-November, whereas BEEYO is tapped twice a year, at intervals of up to 25 days over a two to three-month period. The hot season (xagaa) is favourable for abundant production. Regarding the yield, estimates show that approximately 40% of the commodity is harvested, which is roughly 500 metric tonnes per year.

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Table 10: Frankincense for Export- Average Market Price per Kg in Bosaso: 2000 - 2006(USD)

Period 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006

May 9.0 9.4 8.8 9.0 8.2 9 8.9

June 9.1 9.6 10.3 10.2 10.2 9 9.1

July 9.4 10.2 11.0 10.8 10.2 9 8.0

August 9.4 10.5 11.3 11.7 11.0 9 9.0

September 9.6 10.8 11.7 11.8 11.0 9 9.2

October 10.3 11.0 11.8 11.8 12.0 9 10

November 10.5 11.0 11.9 12.0 12.0 9 11

Source: MOPIC Frankincense harvest is done in May-November

11. KHAT Khat trade and consumption play an adverse role in the Somali economy in general and particularly in Puntland. The commodity trade is a continuing business activity that generates income and employment opportunities. However, it affects the economy through outward remittances towards importing the khat. The khat business has an efficient informal coordination system; the agents deal directly with the growers and wholesale traders negotiate with the other wholesale traders from different regions. The dynamics of the business are tough and highly competitive so much so that in many instances, groups are pushed out of the cycle as they become bankrupt. In order to minimize the effect of competition, a system of an umbrella association works between the wholesale traders and the agents (middlemen). Table 11: Estimated Arrival of Khat in Puntland: 2003 (Kg) (Thousands)

Sn Type Quantity per month Total quantity per year

1 Meeru 90.7 1,088.0

2 Hareeri 121.3 1,456.0

Source: MOPIC

Table 11: Estimated Arrival of Khat in Puntland: 2006 (Kg) (Thousands)

Sn Type Quantity per month Total quantity per year

1 Meeru 2,001 24,012

2 Hareeri 7,615 91,380

Source: MOPIC

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12. ECONOMY There are four main sources of income in Puntland today namely: Livestock, Fishery, Cultivation, Remittance and Trading. The population mainly depends, either directly or indirectly, on livestock products for their livelihood. Remittance from the Diaspora has also played a major role in the economy. Table 12: Monthly Average Exchange Rate* for So.Sh per 1 USD: 2001 - 2006(Thousands)

Period 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006

January 13.0 19.9 20.4 17.9 14.9 15.0

February 13.9 19.5 20.2 17.2 15.3 15.0

March 14.5 21.0 20.2 17.3 15.3 15.0

Apr l 17.2 21.7 20.2 17.8 15.2 14.0

May 17.2 21.7 20.2 17.6 15.3 14.0

June 18.0 22.0 20.2 17.7 15.1 14.0

July 16.7 21.6 20.2 17.0 14.9 14.0

August 18.4 21.6 20.1 14.4 15.3 15.0

September 19.1 20.6 20.0 14.0 15.6 15.0

October 22.0 18.9 19.4 14.0 15.3 15.0

November 23.3 18.5 19.3 14.2 15.2 15.0

December 19.8 20.0 19.0 14.3 15 15.0

Source: MOPIC * Both free market & Official rates

Table 13: State Government Revenue and Expenditure (Actual): 1999 - 2006 (So.Sh) (Billions)

Year Revenue Expenditure Surplus/deficit

1999 30.8 24.8 6.0

2000 79.3 57.0 22.3

2001 63.7 90.7 -27.0

2002 167.8 106.1 61.7

2003 253.2 253.5 -0.3

2004 263.2 264.4 -1.1

2005 285.491 285.352 0.139

2006 295.0 283.0 12.0

Source: from Ministry of Finance.

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Table 14: State Bank of Puntland Income and Expenditure: 1999 - 2006 (So.Sh) (Billions)

Year Income Expenditure Profit/Loss

1999 1.2 1.2 0.0

2000 4.0 3.9 0.0

2001 3.2 2.8 0.4

2002 6.7 6.0 0.7

2003 12.8 11.2 1.6

2004 12.8 12.8 0.0

2005 12.216 11.22 0.996

2006

Source: State Bank of Puntland

Table 15: Import through Bosaso Port: 1997 - 2005 (Tonnes)

Period Sugar Rice Wheat Flour

Cement Construction

Material Diesel

(Drums)

1997

Jan 1,073 1,395 2,367 1,666 16 15

Feb 1,085 1,922 1,310 165 .. 179

Mar 1,481 1,665 1,255 110 27 70

Apr 1,200 1,450 2,050 899 31 200

May 1,548 1,498 1,145 2,574 557 313

Jun 990 1,897 955 1,375 447 ..

Jul 625 316 595 1,225 20 ..

Aug 351 875 442 2,981 2 360

Sept 1,554 1,445 885 .. 423 504

Oct 1,872 190 70 1,226 126 317

Nov 1,190 7,050 1,375 2,570 345 20

Dec 1,097 2,205 2,768 2,060 998 21

Total 14,066 21,908 15,217 16,851 2,992 1,999

Source: Bosaso Port Authority .. Data Not Availab

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Table 15 (Continued): Import through Bosaso Port: 1997 - 2005 (Tonnes)

Period Sugar Rice Wheat Flour Cement

Construction Material

Diesel (Drums)

1998

Jan 1,323 5 532 2,450 143 1,187

Feb 1,175 13 365 1,128 75 2,036

Mar 1,535 358 819 902 210 2,100

Apr 425 1,625 170 100 84 966

May 1,635 3,303 1,447 955 82 742

Jun 3,762 1,772 1,903 2,944 881 1,461

Jul 151 1,138 451 794 918 ..

Aug 351 875 442 765 47 166

Sept 1,554 1,445 885 881 1,349 810

Oct 1,872 190 70 1,736 1,053 352

Nov 1,190 2,050 1,375 1,170 2,689 424

Dec 1,097 2,205 2,768 15,650 423 300

Total 16,070 14,979 11,227 29,475 7,954 10,544

Source: Bosaso Port Authority .. Data Not Available



Cement Construction

Material Diesel

(Drums)

1999

Jan 1,067 799 924 700 213 ..

Feb 245 979 553 1,100 7,900 850

Mar 1,523 106 800 2,016 135 1,831

Apr 785 950 1,818 4,485 154 1,618

May 1,550 1,215 .. .. 160 701

Jun 500 700 568 250 104 1,137

Jul 210 475 1,710 2,870 23 149

Aug .. 95 1,095 826 3 700

Sept .. 4,246 3,772 4,040 82 968

Oct 675 1,949 2,475 2,142 211 632

Nov 1,079 1,059 2,512 2,075 194 958

Dec 1,951 2,041 3,771 2,949 241 1,662

Total 9,585 14,614 19,998 23,453 9,420 11,206 Source: Bosaso Port Authority .. Data Not Available

18

Table 15 (Continued): Import through Bosaso Port: 1997 – 20045 (Tonnes)


Cement Construction

Material Diesel

(Drums)

2000

Jan 1,668 1,324 6,321 1,649 81 1,383

Feb 1,208 4,393 3,486 4,135 525 1,070

Mar 687 1,033 2,603 1,370 98 1,526

Apr 2,076 4,248 2,489 5,744 206 1,611

May 5,121 3,118 1,270 5,815 116 1,780

Jun 1,398 792 1,671 1,662 239 2,150

Jul 463 615 1,726 3,837 109 1,086

Aug 391 1,420 1,020 4,454 125 365

Sept 1,120 5,236 1,687 6,981 55 1,412

Oct 1,999 2,396 1,916 1,282 222 1,707

Nov 2,246 1,018 1,359 2,550 4,213 1,390

Dec 1,136 554 1,838 4,785 9,322 1,227

Total 19,513 26,147 27,386 44,264 15,311 16,707

Source: Bosaso Port Authority




Diesel (Drums)

2001

Jan 4,000 1,234 1,080 770 707 4,189

Feb 1,143 1,588 1,629 4,110 1,420 1,240

Mar 1,346 1,209 1,156 7,000 1,283 1,422

Apr 1,136 3,468 199 1,139 1,082 1,400

May 1,025 1,653 5,216 5,385 4,073 2,606

Jun 1,150 11 1,159 5,530 765 2,563

Jul 2,222 468 1,265 2,905 227 978

Aug 452 1,575 3,320 5,700 3,528 688

Sept 7,706 2,284 2,115 5,800 523 3,184

Oct 3,706 2,284 2,115 5,800 524 3,184

Nov 389 3,434 5,300 3,475 700 1,176

Dec 626 3,324 2,186 1,435 385 3,625

Total 24,901 22,532 26,740 49,049 15,217 26,255


19




Diesel (Drums)

2002

Jan 1,789 5,276 2,594 3,750 2,236 1,980

Feb 2,848 4,930 714 3,800 5,355 1,456

Mar 3,015 6,134 2,439 4,800 2,405 2,761

Apr 4,428 4,203 2,912 8,280 1,364 1,760

May 5,772 5,713 3,241 2,673 4,166 1,340

Jun 310 595 1,440 4,750 1,632 2,142

Jul 2,670 727 2,279 4,800 237 533

Aug 3,200 50 2,590 2,300 548 2,715

Sept 2,486 4,040 3,602 11,200 7,187 2,328

Oct 5,063 2,983 2,856 3,200 3,029 2,456

Nov 208 8,091 3,092 8,100 1,967 5,117

Dec 2,175 3,793 1,540 2,400 1,150 810

Total 33,964 46,535 29,299 60,053 31,276 25,398





Diesel (Drums)

2003

Jan 4,736 5,077 3,104 0 3,934 2,813

Feb 3,973 2,201 3,652 8,203 9,555 2,011

Mar 5,802 4,562 2,302 0 3,605 1,699

Apr 7,295 1,272 4,239 5,005 4,991 2,484

May 4,204 4,908 3,691 11,300 2,142 4,523

Jun 4,315 1,985 3,165 7,900 2,084 1,845

Jul 1,130 3,526 2,943 2,600 3,800 3,179

Aug 7,748 4766 2,236 2,833 5,044 4,308

Sept 4,574 10,270 2,605 6,700 2,760 2,091

Oct 7,912 6,003 3,331 4,596 3,093 2,274

Nov 964 2,321 4,566 8,800 1,277 1,240

Dec 2,210 880 4,265 152 1,669 2,213

Total 54,863 47,771 40,099 58,089 43,954 30,680


20




Diesel (Drums)

2004

Jan 11,280 2,076 4,621 3,400 912 2,586

Feb 4,994 2,030 1,482 6,300 1,956 2,529

Mar 4,895 5,074 1,655 4,642 1,965 2,709

Apr 3,264 500 3,574 3,000 2,295 3,223

May 6,511 4,518 5,112 5,100 4,408 2,373

Jun 6,878 7,501 9,349 3,500 4,834 3,034

Jul 4,306 2,207 3,883 2,000 5,168 2,551

Aug 2,429 1,528 2,298 4,000 2,135 3,406

Sept 5,175 11,538 4,615 6,493 2,205 5,207

Oct 9,530 15,593 4,475 3,000 9,497 2,368

Nov 9,296 464 2,400 3,350 1,811 2,951

Dec 1,019 4,606 5,065 6,905 4,018 3,258

Total 69,577 57,635 48,529 51,690 41,204 36,195


Table 15(Continued): Import through Bosaso Port: 1997 - 2005 (Tonnes)



Diesel (Drums)

2005

Jan 8,161 3,563 3,406 6,005 1,875 5,802

Feb 2,063 3,440 3,033 6,000 3,531 47,779

Mar 7,044 9,693 2,425 5,300 4,035 25,395

Apr 6,107 700 2,843 6,000 579 1,674

May 3,508 1,286 580 6,000 788 3,787

Jun 1,684 14,519 3,245 00 117 2,637

Jul 1,614 25 1,245 5,320 92 2,752

Aug 4,737 1,746 3,780 8,900 2,592 7,853

Sept 7,324 6,262 3,613 4,000 2,069 10,002

Oct 5,767 5,174 4,723 8,538 1,051 6,095

Nov 4,787 3,693 3,331 12,150 677 4,516

Dec 1,906 8,545 1,685 4,300 613 3,918

Total 54,702 57,635 33,909 72,513 18,019 122,210


21

Table 15(Continued): Import through Bosaso Port: 1997 - 2006 (Tonnes)



Diesel (Drums

)

Other Bagged

Cargo

Other General

Cargo

Total Tonnage

2006

Jan 5,702 9,601 6,045 18,500 1,752 4,990 107 8,455 55,062

Feb 4,367 5,490 3,271 3,900 829 3,388 18 4,870 26,133

Mar 3,414 5,698 3,597 6,670 584 4,031 20 9,374 32,788

Apr 8,017 10,552 4,615 9,680 2,558 3,408 17 4,673 43,520

May 5,133 5,319 2,050 7,350 1,620 3,592 307 5,779 31,150

Jun 2,519 4,265 2,937 10,350 660 4,471 3 5,571 30,776

Jul 2,501 250 2,417 0 142 1,623 15 3,504 10,452

Aug 7,766 6,022 3,041 9,350 47 1,573 0 2,055 29,854

Sept 3,590 2,767 5,252 6,50 1,029 6,995 210 6,101 26,594

Oct 6,639 5,530 5,032 9,350 1,204 4,691 350 7,254 40,050

Nov 6,827 452 2,197 5,650 576 2,211 3 4,778 22,694

Dec 5,825 2,945 1,650 5,685 1,741 2,839 0 4,014 24,699

Total 62,300 58,891 42,104 86,541 12,742 43,812 1050 66,428 373,772


Table 16: Annual Import through Bosaso Port: 1997 - 2006(Tonnes)

Year Sugar Rice Wheat Flour Cement

Construction material

Diesel (Drums)

1997 14,066 21,908 15,217 16,851 2,992 1,999

1998 16,070 14,979 11,227 29,475 7,954 10,544

1999 9,585 14,614 19,998 23,453 9,420 11,206

2000 19,513 26,147 27,386 44,264 15,311 16,707

2001 24,901 22,532 26,740 49,049 15,217 26,255

2002 33,964 46,535 29,299 60,053 31,276 25,398

2003 54,863 47,771 40,099 58,089 43,954 30,680

2004 69,577 57,635 48,429 51,690 41,204 36,195

2005 54,702 57,635 33,909 72,513 18,019 122,210

22

2006 62,300 58,891 42,104 86,541 12,742 43,812


23

Table 17: Export through Bosaso Port: 1997 - 2005)

Period Camel

(Heads) Cattle

(Heads)

Goat / Sheep

(Heads)

Total livestock

(Heads)

Hide & Skin

(BND)* Others

1997

Jan 865 1,915 102,311 105,091 50,260 24

Feb 1,933 970 69,282 72,185 5,000 11

Mar 2,737 410 48,685 51,832 26,500 18

Apr 965 70 49,753 50,788 59,500 10

May 244 465 21,945 22,654 51,800 33

Jun 615 1,724 20,770 23,109 69,100 16

Jul 1,533 1,657 35,815 39,005 42,900 18

Aug 654 3,626 39,449 43,729 63,700 24

Sept 2,268 2,117 34,465 38,850 112,300 42

Oct 750 526 19,390 20,666 44,700 17

Nov 580 1,680 21,230 23,490 65,300 42

Dec 1,455 2,671 31,225 35,351 42,450 33

Total 14,599 17,831 494,320 526,750 633,510 288

Source: Bosaso Port Authority * BND means a bundle containing 50 pieces of skin

Table 17 (Continued): Export through Bosaso Port: 1997 – 2006 No.

Period Camel

(Heads) Cattle

(Heads)

Goat / Sheep

(Heads)

Total livestock

(Heads)

Hide & Skin (BND) Others

1998

Jan 1,353 2,175 38,680 42,208 50,260 27

Feb 1,090 1,974 38,620 41,684 26,500 3

Mar 0 2,400 84,990 87,390 61,000 37

Apr 0 1,713 13,930 15,643 27,000 26

May 120 1,990 25,540 27,650 2,200 0

Jun 200 2,740 28,050 30,990 1,380 10

Jul 835 2,850 36,900 40,585 980 0

Aug 250 3,230 37,650 41,130 20,600 2

Sept 90 2,610 38,400 41,100 0 6

Oct 0 1,440 41,910 43,350 2,000 15

Nov 0 2,120 48,550 50,670 640 0

Dec 0 4,250 82,800 87,050 4,700 20

Total 3,938 29,492 516,020 549,450 197,260 146


24

Table 17 (Continued): Export through Bosaso Port: 1997 - 2005No.)

Period Camel

(Heads) Cattle

(Heads)

Goat / Sheep

(Heads)

Total livestock

(Heads)

Hide & Skin

(BND) Others

1999

Jan 100 3,710 62,138 65,948 1,850 36

Feb 170 1,677 54,985 56,832 1,100 66

Mar 200 717 63,032 63,949 3,800 27

Apr 0 1,460 31,250 32,710 1,400 144

May 0 1,350 16,800 18,150 200 15

Jun 600 3,520 35,640 39,760 0 10

Jul 2,364 1,150 56,450 59,964 0 37

Aug 1,650 4,290 39,930 45,870 1,800 30

Sept 1,385 6,408 40,000 47,793 0 64

Oct 2,015 3,180 42,050 47,245 5,813 28

Nov 1,490 4,930 77,640 84,060 24,000 43

Dec 1,684 3,928 116,085 121,697 0 6

Total 11,658 36,320 636,000 683,978 39,963 506



Period Camel

(Heads) Cattle

(Heads)

Goat / Sheep

(Heads)

Total livestock

(Heads)

Hide & Skin (BND) Others

2000 Jan 595 3,310 95,435 99,340 1,600 5

Feb 1,459 3,392 188,320 193,171 37,000 21

Mar 875 1,360 73,170 75,405 2,000 16

Apr 238 2,989 31,010 34,237 800 30

May 452 885 2,750 4,087 0 0

Jun 810 2,390 39,640 42,840 0 0

Jul 1,908 7,213 51,830 60,951 60,000 38

Aug 1,650 4,110 43,400 49,160 70,000 0

Sept 190 1,955 24,900 27,045 15,000 0

Oct 0 0 0 0 0 0

Nov 0 0 0 0 0 0

Dec 1,684 0 0 1,684 0 0

Total 9,861 27,604 550,455 587,920 186,400 110


25


Period Camel

(Heads) Cattle

(Heads)

Goat / Sheep

(Heads)

Total livestock

(Heads)

Hide & Skin (BND)

Others

2001

Jan 0 0 0 0 460 78

Feb 600 0 1,100 1,700 0 61

Mar 0 0 0 0 0 0

Apr 0 0 0 0 0 0

May 0 1,300 13,100 14,400 0 0

Jun 0 3,580 13,415 16,995 0 0

Jul 0 7,479 39,660 47,139 0 0

Aug 0 17,710 40,600 58,310 0 5

Sept 0 2,114 93,963 96,077 37,425 11,641

Oct 0 2,615 87,864 90,479 51,000 1,052

Nov 600 4,204 137,750 142,554 25,000 85

Dec 750 3,245 121,401 125,396 63,800 2,415

Total 1,950 42,247 548,853 593,050 177,685 15,337



Period Camel

(Heads) Cattle

(Heads) Goat / Sheep

(Heads)

Total livestock

(Heads)

Hide & Skin

(BND) Others

2002

Jan 618 3,540 159,330 163,488 0 0

Feb 1,020 1,738 199,840 202,598 0 3

Mar 785 3,977 102,948 107,710 0 16

Apr 1,183 4,250 39,780 45,213 1,700 15

May 744 3,470 85,310 89,524 0 0

Jun 883 5,470 109,900 116,253 0 0

Jul 820 7,610 121,490 129,920 100,000 853

Aug 170 7,740 113,300 121,210 0 0

Sept 650 3,864 69,308 73,822 2,578 59

Oct 782 4,448 150,845 156,075 0 0

Nov 765 3,433 160,245 164,443 0 0

Dec 1,300 3,773 100,154 105,227 97,000 41

Total 9,720 53,313 1,412,450 1,475,483 201,278 987


26

Table 17 (Continued): Export through Bosaso Port: 1997 - 2005 (No.)

Period Camel

(Heads) Cattle

(Heads)

Goat / Sheep

(Heads)

Total livestock

(Heads)

Hide & Skin

(BND) Others

2003

Jan 50 5,820 209,030 214,900 2,225 22

Feb 650 3,236 118,070 121,956 30 26

Mar 1,020 9,013 91,725 101,758 128 337

Apr 145 5,185 89,655 94,985 2,155 52

May 389 3,098 116,058 119,545 714 34

Jun 677 6,590 117,476 124,743 1,549 6

Jul 0 3,153 129,100 132,253 2,414 78

Aug 28 6,278 113,098 119,404 3,039 189

Sept 618 8,879 110,380 119,877 72,500 2,251

Oct 160 10,250 161,795 172,205 124,500 81,919

Nov 8 5,873 112,132 118,013 84,157 292

Dec 514 3,953 114,890 119,357 2 79,973

Total 4,259 71,328 1,483,409 1,558,996 293,413 165,179



Period Camel

(Heads) Cattle


(Heads)

Total livestock

(Heads)

Hide & Skin

(BND) Others

2004

Jan 99 7,944 189,167 198,210 44 265

Feb 52 5,041 118,994 124,087 1,064 88

Mar 175 11,842 74,257 86,274 3,359 1,910

Apr 478 4,766 98,780 104,024 16,744 167

May 66 6,439 106,040 112,545 1,326 16

Jun 466 9,670 79,150 89,286 12 13

Jul 479 5,904 126,295 132,678 48 20

Aug 120 4,050 59,060 63,230 26 9,150

Sept 85 7,945 75,805 83,835 18 31

Oct 100 7,418 72,660 80,178 56 3

Nov 60 3,325 70,455 73,840 1,069 1,881

Dec 308 5,750 95,817 101,875 67,010 15

Total 2,488 80,094 1,166,480 1,256,062 90,776 13,559


27


Period Camel

(Heads) Cattle


(Heads)

Total livestock

(Heads)

Hide & Skin

(BND) Others

2005

Jan 19 5,218 153,320 506

Feb 128 8,558 70,834 15,150

Mar 1087 8,740 98,207 80,500

Apr 600 6,429 97,120 00

May 50 6,868 85,550 00 3 600

Jun 1853 9,069 112,606 00

Jul 1581 5,232 118,613 812 137

Aug 3898 7,340 98,140 960

Sept 3875 11,974 156,730 00

Oct 1221 6,544 193,442 1,680

Nov 2633 5,472 140,318 986 680

Dec 9,164 10,366 269,979 00

Total 26,109 91,810 1,594,859 100,594 3 1,417

Source: Bosaso Port Authorit


Period Camel

(Heads) Cattle


(Heads)

Total livestock

(Heads)

Hide & Skin

(BND) Others

2006

Jan 3,669 5,319 90,738 99,726 207,560 23,000

Feb 7,230 10,466 96,838 114,534 0 2,420

Mar 8,252 7,196 118,385 133,833 190,025 2,468

Apr 5,858 4,780 95,916 106,554 172,460 1,200

May 1,103 5,204 137,645 143,952 0 0

Jun 7,842 12,185 125,175 145,202 179,800 4,000

July 957 12,177 189,765 202,899 0 32,964

Aug 2,149 13,873 139,524 155,546 250,772 7,960

Sept 330 9,985 186,559 196,874 27,105 13,620

Oct 1,983 6,742 187,929 196,654 156,090 0

Nov 1,381 7,389 165,031 174,251 24,250 1,000

Dec 247 8,921 386,914 396,082 0 3,540

Total 41,001 104,237 1,920,419 2,066,107 1,208,062 92,172


28

Table 18: Annual Export through Bosaso Port: 1997 - 2006(No.)

Year Camel

(Heads) Cattle

(Heads)

Goat / Sheep (Heads)

Total livestock

(Heads)

Hide & Skin

(BND) Others

1997 14,599 17,831 494,320 526,750 633,510 288

1998 3,938 29,492 516,020 549,450 197,260 146

1999 11,658 36,320 636,000 683,978 39,963 506

2000 9,861 27,604 550,455 587,920 186,400 110

2001 1,950 42,247 548,853 593,050 177,685 15,337

2002 9,720 53,313 1,412,450 1,475,483 201,278 987

2003 4,259 71,328 1,483,409 1,558,996 293,413 165,179

2004 2,488 80,094 1,103,480 1,186,062 90,776 13,559

2005 26,109 91,810 1,594,859 100,594 3 1,417

2006 41,001 104,237 1,920,419 2,066,107 1,208,062 92,172


Table 19: Local Government Revenue and Expenditure: 2000 - 2006(So.Sh) (Hundred Thousands)

Revenue Expenditure Deficit/Surplus

Bosaso

2000 22,373 21,951 422

2001 47,512 46,756 756

2002 76,064 73,554 2,510

2003 118,528 119,557 -1,029

2004 92,062 93,848 -1,785

2005

2006 149,845 152,410 -2,565

Galkacyo

2000 14,604 14,604 0

2001 26,441 26,441 0

2002 39,667 39,667 0

2003 42,000 46,100 -4,100

2004 46,100 46,100 0

2005 63,407 63,601 -194

2006 52,598 51,961 637

Garowe

2000 5,438 5,300 138

2001 .. .. ..

2002 3,820 3,809 11

2003 12,920 .. ..

2004 13,500 .. ..

2005 475,000 475,000 0

2006 908,200 888,000 20,200

29

Lascanod

2003 246.00 246.00 0

2004 970.00 970.00 0

2005 923.09 923.86 -0.77

2006 14,400 15,600 -1,200

Gardo

2005 1,541.54 1,441.18 100.36

2006 19,405 20,100 -695

Source: Ministry of Local Government and Rural Developmen.. Data Not Available

* To be confirmed from the MOPIC- the data is totally unacceptable (Galkio-Garowe) Table 20: Market Prices for Selected Commodities: 2003 (So.Sh) (Thousands)

Commodities 2003

Un t Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sept Oct Nov Dec

Bread & Cereals

Maize Local sus .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. 4.0 4.0 4.0

Maize Import sus .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. 5.0 4.0 5.0

Sorghum sus .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. 6.5 5.0 6.5

Rice Local kg .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. ..

Rice Import kg .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. 6.0 6.0 6.0

wheat Floor kg .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. 6.0 6.0 6.0

Bread pc .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. 2.5 2.0 2.5

Spaghetti kg .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. 11.5 11.5 11.5

Meat , Milk & Eggs

Camel Meat kg .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. 45.0 45.0 45.0

Beef Meat kg .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. 40.0 40.0 40.0

Goat Meat kg .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. 35.0 35.0 35.0

Cow Milk 0.5Ltr .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. 10.0 10.0 10.0

Camel Milk 0.5Ltr .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. 10.0 16.3 10.0

Goat Milk 0.5Ltr .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. 12.0 18.0 12.0

Milk Powder 900gr .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. 147.5 212.5 147.5

Eggs Local pc .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. 2.0 2.0 2.0

Eggs Import pc .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. 3.0 3.0 3.0

Oil & Fats

Sesame Oil Ltr .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. 29.0 29.0 29.0

Seeds (white) Oil

Ltr .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. 45.5 14.8 45.5

Ghee Ltr .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. 130.0 98.8 130.0

Sugar , Salt & Spices

Sugar kg .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. 6.5 7.4 6.5

Salt kg .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. 3.0 3.0 3.0

Cardamom kg .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. 300.0 300.0 300.0 Source: MOPIC .. Data Not Available Sus=1 kg for this table

30

Table 20 (Continued): Market Prices for Selected Commodities: 2003 (So.Sh) (Thousands)

Commodi ties 2003


Fruits & Vegetables

Onions kg .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. 8.0 8.0 8.0

Tomatoes kg .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. 13.0 13.3 13.0

Bananas kg .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. 14.3 14.0 14.3

Lemon kg .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. 14.3 14.0 14.3

Mango kg .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. 18.0 18.1 18.0

Grapefruits (Med um)

pc .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. 4.1 4.3 4.1

Papaya pc .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. 10.5 10.0 10.5

Beans sus .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. 5.0 5.0 5.0

Potatoes kg .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. 9.3 9.3 9.3

Green Pepper

kg .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. 182.1 7.0 182.1

Canned Tomatoes

70gr .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. 15.4 4.3 15.4

Beverages & Tobacco

Tea kg .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. 30.0 30.5 30.0

Coffee Powder

kg .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. 10.0 10.0 10.0

Soft Dr inks

bottle .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. 10.0 10.0 10.0

Ice kg .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. 3.3 4.5 3.3

Juice bottle .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. 10.0 10.0 10.0

Cigarettes box .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. 12.5 12.5 12.5

Fuel

Kerosene Ltr .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. 12.0 12.0 12.0

Charcoal kg .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. 80.0 75.0 80.0

Diesel Ltr .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. 6.0 7.3 6.0

Petrol Ltr .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. 8.0 8.0 8.0

Source: MOPIC .. Data Not Available

31

Table 21: Market Prices for Selected Commodities: 2004 (So.Sh) (Thousands)

Commodities 2004


Bread & Cereals

Maize Local sus .. 4.0 4.0 4.0 4.0 4.0 4.0 4.0 4.0 4.0 4.0 5.0

Maize Import sus .. 4.0 5.0 5.0 5.0 5.0 5.0 5.0 5.0 5.0 5.0 ..

Sorghum sus .. 5.0 3.0 3.0 3.3 3.5 3.5 3.5 3.0 3.0 3.0 6.0

R ice Local kg .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. ..

Rice Import kg .. 5.7 6.0 6.0 6.0 7.0 7.0 7.0 6.5 6.5 6.0 6.0

wheat Floor kg .. 6.0 6.0 6.0 6.0 7.4 7.4 7.4 6.5 6.5 6.5 6.0

Bread pc .. 2.0 2.0 0.5 5.0 0.5 0.5 0.5 0.5 0.5 0.5 0.5

Spaghetti kg .. 11.5 11.5 11.5 11.5 12.0 12.0 12.0 11.5 11.5 12.0 11.0

Meat , Milk & Eggs

Camel Meat kg .. 41.7 25.0 25.0 25.0 30.0 30.0 30.0 35.0 35.0 30.0 40.0

Beef Meat kg .. 36.7 30.0 30.0 30.0 34.5 34.5 33.0 30.0 30.0 35.0 ..

Goat Meat kg .. 35.0 35.0 35.0 37.5 25.8 25.8 25.0 40.0 40.0 45.0 60.0

Cow Milk 0.5Ltr .. 10.0 11.0 .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. ..

Camel Milk 0.5Ltr .. 7.5 8.0 10.0 8.8 10.0 10.0 10.0 12.0 12.0 15.0 9.0

Goat Milk 0.5Ltr .. 14.0 14.0 12.0 12.0 13.0 13.0 13.0 20.0 20.0 20.0 8.0

Milk Powder 900gr .. 205.8 202.5 203.8 202.5 205.0 206.3 205.0 180.0 180.0 187.5 80.0

Eggs Local pc .. 1.5 1.5 2.0 1.5 2.5 2.5 2.5 1.5 1.5 3.0 3.0

Eggs Import pc .. 2.0 2.0 2.5 2.0 2.0 2.0 2.0 2.0 2.0 3.5 4.0

Oil & Fats

Sesame Oil Ltr .. 28.7 29.3 28.5 29.0 30.0 30.0 30.0 28.0 28.0 28.0 25.0

Seeds (white) O l

Ltr .. 14.2 14.0 14.0 28.0 14.0 14.4 14.4 14.1 14.0 15.0 20.0

Ghee Ltr .. 100.0 110.0 100.0 10.0 10.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 129.5

Sugar, Salt & Spices

Sugar kg .. 6.3 6.0 7.0 7.0 7.0 7.0 7.0 7.0 7.0 7.0 7.0

Salt kg .. 3.3 2.5 2.5 27.5 2.9 2.9 2.5 8.0 7.8 2.0 2.0

Cardamom kg .. 300.0 300.0 300.0 30.0 35.0 35.0 35.0 25.0 25.0 150.0 125.0

Source: MOPIC .. Data Not Available Sus=1 kg for this table

32


Commodities 2004


Fruits & Vegetables

Onions kg .. 8.0 8.0 8.0 8.0 8.4 8.0 8.0 7.8 7.8 8.5 8.0

Tomatoes kg .. 12.3 10.0 10.0 10.0 10.5 10.0 10.0 9.0 9.0 9.0 14.0

Bananas kg .. 12.7 1.0 1.0 20.0 10.0 10.0 10.0 10.0 10.0 10.0 10.0

Lemon kg .. 12.7 1.0 1.0 20.0 10.0 10.0 10.0 10.0 10.0 10.0 10.0

Mango kg .. 3.0 3.0 3.0 3.0 3.6 3.0 3.0 3.0 3.0 30.0 15.0


pc .. 4.0 4.0 4.0 4.0 14.5 4.4 4.0 4.0 4.0 5.5 3.0

Papaya pc .. 14.0 15.0 10.0 20.0 17.5 17.5 15.0 21.3 20.0 25.0 20.0

Beans sus .. 4.0 4.0 4.0 4.0 4.0 4.0 4.0 5.0 5.0 4.0 12.0

Potatoes kg .. 8.7 8.5 8.8 8.5 8.8 8.8 8.5 8.3 8.0 8.5 10.0

Green Pepper

kg .. 7.7 13.0 13.0 13.0 12.0 12.0 12.0 12.0 12.3 11.0 15.0

Canned Tomatoes

70gr .. 2.0 2.0 2.0 10.3 2.0 2.0 2.0 6.5 6.5 2.0 2.0

Beverages & Tobacco

Tea kg .. 31.3 32.0 32.0 31.8 34.3 34.3 32.0 32.0 32.0 32.0 30.0

Coffee Powder

kg .. 10.0 10.0 10.0 10.0 30.0 30.0 30.0 10.0 10.0 10.0 10.0

Soft Drinks bottle .. 10.0 10.0 10.0 10.0 10.0 10.0 10.0 10.0 9.5 10.0 9.0

Ice kg .. 3.0 3.0 3.8 5.0 3.9 3.9 4.0 3.0 3.0 4.0 4.0

Juice bottle .. 10.0 10.0 10.0 10.0 10.0 10.0 10.0 10.0 10.0 11.0 3.0

Cigarettes box .. 12.5 12.5 6.3 12.5 12.5 12.5 12.5 13.0 12.6 12.5 10.0

Fuel

Kerosene Ltr .. 12.0 12.0 12.0 12.0 12.0 12.0 12.0 12.0 12.0 8.0 8.0

Charcoal kg .. 78.3 70.0 85.0 85.0 80.0 80.0 80.0 70.0 70.0 85.0 70.0

Diesel Ltr .. 7.0 8.0 8.0 8.0 9.0 9.0 9.0 8.0 8.0 8.0 7.0

Petrol Ltr .. 8.7 9.0 9.0 9.0 9.5 9.5 9.5 9.0 9.0 9.0 9.0

Source: MOPIC .. Data Not Available

33

Source: MOPIC. Data Not Available Sus=1 kg for this table

Table 22 (Continued): Market Prices for Selected Commodities: 2005 (So.Sh)

(Thousands)

Commodities 2005


Fruits & Vegetables

Onions kg 8.0 7.0 7.0 7.0 7.0 8.0 8.0 8.0 8.0 8.0 8.0 8.0

Tomatoes kg 7.5 8.0 8.0 8.0 8.0 9.0 9.0 9.0 9.0 9.0 9.0 9.0

Bananas kg 10.0 10.0 10.0 10.0 10.0 10.0 10.0 10.0 10.0 10.0 10.0 10.0

Lemon kg 10.0 10.0 10.0 10.0 10.0 10.0 10.0 10.0 10.0 10.0 10.0 10.0

Mango kg 5.0 5.0 5.0 5.0 5.0 10.0 10.0 10.0 10.0 10.0 10.0 10.0


pc 4.0 4.0 4.0 4.0 4.0 4.0 4.0 4.0 4.0 4.0 4.0 4.0

Papaya pc 16.0 20.0 20.0 15.0 15.0 20.0 20.0 15.0 15.0 15.0 15.0 15.0

Beans sus 5.0 8.5 8.5 9.0 9.0 10.0 10.0 10.0 10.0 10.0 10.0 10.0

Potatoes kg 8.0 10.0 10.0 10.0 10.0 9.0 9.0 9.0 9.0 9.0 9.0 9.0

Green Pepper

kg 12.0 15.0 14.0 15.0 15.0 9.0 9.0 9.0 9.0 9.0 9.0 9.0

Canned Tomatoes

70gr 2.0 2.5 2.8 2.7 2.7 2.0 2.0 2.0 2.0 2.0 2.0 2.0

Beverages & Tobacco

Commodities 2005


Bread & Cereals

Maize Local sus 8.0 6.0 8.0 8.0 8.0 7.0 7.0 7.0 7.0 7.0 7.0 7.5

Maize Import sus 7.0 7.0 7.0 7.0 7.0 7.0 7.0 7.0 7.0 7.0 7.0 7.0

Sorghum sus 7.0 7.0 7.0 7.0 7.0 6.0 6.0 6.5 6.5 7.0 7.0 7.0

Rice Local kg .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. ..

Rice Import kg 6.5 6.0 6.0 6.0 6.0 6.0 6.0 6.0 6.0 7.0 7.0 7.0

wheat Floor kg 6.5 6.5 6.5 6.0 6.0 7.0 7.0 8.0 8.0 8.0 8.0 8.0

wheat kg .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. ..

Bread pc 1.0 1.0 1.0 1.0 1.0 0.5 0.5 0.5 0.5 0.5 0.5 0.5

Spaghetti kg 9.5 9.5 9.5 9.5 9.5 9.0 9.5 8.5 8.5 8.5 8.5 8.5

Meat , Milk & Eggs

Camel Meat kg 30.0 35.0 30.0 30.0 30.0 25.0 30.0 25.0 25.0 25.0 25.0 25.0

Beef Meat kg .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. ..

Goat Meat kg 35.0 30.0 40.0 30.0 30.0 22.0 22.0 25.0 25.0 25.0 25.0 25.0

Cow Milk 0.5Ltr .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. ..

Camel Milk 0.5Ltr 10.0 12.0 12.0 10.0 10.0 10.0 10.0 10.0 10.0 10.0 10.0 10.0

Goat Milk 0.5Ltr 14.0 10.0 10.0 8.0 8.0 7.5 7.5 10.0 10.0 10.0 10.0 10.0

Milk Powder 900gr 190.0 175.0 170.0 165.0 165.0 170.0 170.0 170.0 170.0 170.0 170.0 170.0

Eggs Local pc 2.0 2.0 2.0 2.0 2.0 2.0 2.0 2.0 3.0 3.0 3.0 3.0

Eggs Import pc 3.0 3.0 3.0 3.0 3.0 3.0 3.0 2.0 2.0 2.0 2.0 2.0

Oil & Fats

Sesame Oil Ltr 30.0 30.0 28.0 28.0 28.0 28.0 28.0 29.0 29.0 29.0 29.0 29.0

Seeds (white) Oil

Ltr 16.0 13.5 13.0 12.5 12.5 14.0 14.0 14.0 14.0 14.0 14.0 14.0

Ghee Ltr 80.0 80.0 80.0 60.0 60.0 50.0 50.0 50.0 50.0 50.0 50.0 50.0

Sugar, Salt & Spices

Sugar kg 7.5 7.0 7.0 7.0 7.0 8.0 8.0 8.0 8.0 8.0 8.0 9.0

Salt kg 4.5 4.0 4.0 4.0 4.0 4.0 4.0 4.0 4.0 4.0 4.0 4.0

Cardamom kg 70.0 70.0 70.0 70.0 70.0 75.0 75.0 75.0 75.0 75.0 75.0 75.0

34

Tea kg 30.0 30.0 30.0 30.0 30.0 20.0 20.0 20.0 20.0 20.0 20.0 20.0

Cardamom kg 70.0 70.0 70.0 70.0 70.0 75.0 75.0 75.0 75.0 75.0 75.0 75.0

Coffee Powder

kg 12.0 12.0 12.0 12.0 12.0 12.0 12.0 12.0 12.0 12.0 12.0 12.0

Soft Drinks bottle 9.0 9.0 9.0 9.0 9.0 9.0 9.0 9.5 9.5 9.5 9.5 9.5

Ice kg 4.0 4.0 3.0 4.0 4.0 3.0 3.0 3.0 3.0 3.0 3.0 3.0

Juice bottle 8.0 8.0 12.0 8.0 8.0 9.0 9.0 9.0 9.0 9.0 9.0 9.0

Cigarettes box 12.5 12.5 12.5 12.5 12.5 10.0 10.0 10.0 10.0 10.0 10.0 10.0

Fuel

Kerosene Ltr 9.0 9.0 9.0 9.0 9.0 9.0 9.0 9.0 9.0 9.0 9.0 9.0

Charcoal kg 85.0 96.0 90.0 100.0 100.0 75.0 75.0 75.0 75.0 75.0 75.0 75.0

Diesel Ltr 9.5 10.0 9.5 9.5 9.5 9.0 9.0 10.0 10.0 10.0 10.0 10.0

Petrol Ltr 9.0 10.0 10.0 10.0 10.0 9.0 9.0 9.0 9.5 9.5 9.5 9.5

Source: MOPIC.. Data Not Available

Table 23 : Market Prices for Selected Commodities: 2006 (So.Sh) (Thousands)

Commodities 2006


Bread & Cereals

Maize Local sus

Maize Import sus 8.8 8.6 8.9 8.8 9.0 9.1 10.0 9.8 10.1 10.0 10.2 10.3

Sorghum sus 10.2 10.0 10.3 10.2 10.4 10.5 11.2 10.0 11.3 11.2 11.4 11.5

Rice Local kg

Rice Import kg 4.6 4.6 4.8 5.0 4.9 4.8 6.0 5.9 6.0 6.3 6.2 6.0

wheat Floor kg 5.3 5.3 5.4 5.3 5.4 5.5 5.8 5.7 5.8 5.8 5.8 5.6

wheat kg

Bread pc

Spaghetti kg 11.0 10.6 11.4 11.2 11.5 11.8 11.5 11.1 11.9 11.7 12.0 12.3

Camel Meat kg 30.5 30.6 31.0 29.10 30.80 29.50 27.50 27.62 28.12 28.62 28.32 28.02

Beef Meat kg 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00

Goat Meat kg 56.0 55.4 54.8 54.2 54.0 52.0 51.0 52.4 53.0 53.6 53.4 53.2

Cow Milk 0.5Ltr 10.0 10.0 10.0 12.0 13.0 17.0 15.0 12.0 11.0 10.0 10.0 15.0

Camel Milk 0.5Ltr 9.0 9.0 10.0 10.0 11.0 10.0 8.0 9.0 8.0 8.0 7.0 10.0

Goat Milk 0.5Ltr 7.0 7.0 8.0 9.0 9.0 9.0 10.0 11.0 11.0 11.0 10.0 9.0

Milk Powder (6Pcs)

900gr 129.0 128.6 129.4 129.2 129.5 129.8 128.0 127.6 128.4 128.2 128.5 128.8

Eggs Local pc 3.0 3.0 3.0 3.0 3.0 3.0 3.0 3.0 3.0 3.0 3.0 3.0

Eggs Import pc 2.5 2.5 2.5 2.5 2.5 2.5 2.5 2.5 2.5 2.5 2.5 2.5

Sesame Oil 1 kg 30.0 30.0 30.0 25.0 30.0 35.0 35.0 35.0 40.0 35.0 30.0 29.0

Hayat Oil 6Pcs

18Ltr 270.0 266.0 274.0 272.0 275.0 278.0 245.0 241.0 249.0 247.0 250.0 253.0

Ghee 1-kg 80.0 80.0 90.0 110.0 110.0 80.0 120.0 120.0 110.0 111.0 110.0 90.0

Sugar 50kg 420.0 428.0 436.0 444.0 452.0 460.0 430.0 425.0 420.0 415.0 410.0 425.0

Salt 1 kg 2.0 2.0 2.0 2.0 2.0 2.0 2.0 2.0 2.0 2.0 2.0 2.0

Cardamom kg 90.0 100.0 93.0 86.0 88.0 85.0 90.0 95.0 88.0 81.0 83.0 85.0

Source: MOPIC e Sus=1 kg for this table

35


Commodities 2006


Fruits & Vegetables

Onions 1 kg 10 10 11 10 10 10 10 13 16 14 14 13

Tomatoes 1 kg 15 12 11 12 12 12 17 21 25 20 16 19

Bananas 1 kg 10 10 10 10 12 12 15 10 10 12 12 15

Lemon 1 kg 15 15 15 17 17 15 18 17 17 15 15 17

Mango 1 kg 4 4 5 5 5 5 5 4 4 6 4 5


pc .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. ..

Papaya 1 kg 20 20 20 25 25 20 25 20 25 30 30 30

Beans sus 320 316 324 322 325 328 410 406 414 412 415 418

Potatoes kg 12 17 16 15 14 13 15 18 17 16 15 14

Green Pepper

kg 12 18 15 17 16 20 21 18 19 17 16 15

Canned Tomatoes

70gr 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2

Tea 1 kg 37 40 33 26 28 30 37 43 36 29 31 33

Cardamom 1 kg 80 80 80 80 80 85 90 85 85 90 90 90

Coffee Powder

1 kg 10 10 10 10 10 12 12 12 12 10 10 12

Soft Drinks bottle 9 9 9 9 9 9 9 9 9 9 9 9

Ice 1 kg 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4

Juice bottle 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8

Cigarettes Pocket 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8

Kerosene 1 Ltr 11 13 10 10 10 10 11 11 10 10 12 10

Charcoal 50 kg 100 100 100 100 110 110 110 110 105 105 110 110

Diesel 1 Ltr 10 10 10 10 10 10 10 10 10 10 10 10

Petrol 1 Ltr 9 9 9 10 10 10 10 10 10 9 9 10

Source: MOPIC .. Table 23: Demand for Electricity: 2002 - 2010 (kw/h) (Millions)

Demand Sector

2002 2003 2004 2005

Estimated 2006

2010 Projected

Household 2 .. .. 2.6 3.2 6.6

Commercial & ndustry 1.5 .. .. 1.9 2.2 4.7

Public 0.2 .. .. 0.3 0.6 1.0

Total 3.7 .. .. 4.8 6.0 11.3

Source:MOPIC .. Data Not Available MOPIC has no data on electricity for 2003-2004 because some electricity stations have been privatized and do not keep coherent records.

36

Table 24: Water Sources by Region in Puntland: 2002 - 2004 (No.)

Water Source

Period Bari Nugaal Mudug Sool Sanag Cayn Total

2002 400 370 235 30 25 63 1,123

2003 400 370 235 30 25 63 1,123 Shallow wells

2004 400 370 235 30 25 63 1,123

2005 400 370 235 87 50 100 1242

2006 450 420 265 97 60 105 1397

2002 75 35 30 5 4 0 149

2003 75 35 30 5 4 0 149 Hand pumps

2004 75 35 30 5 4 0 149

2005 75 36 35 8 4 0 158

2006 95 45 45 13 8 0 206

2002 3,000 1,150 1,300 830 1,450 1,450 9,180

2003 3,300 1,460 1,500 900 1,460 1,600 10,220 Berkards

2004 3,400 1,550 1,600 1,100 1,500 1,700 10,850

2005 3430 1610 1600 1989 1500 1700 9,829

2006 3480 1650 1630 1995 1540 1730 10,025

2002 12 17 16 7 0 0 52

2003 13 18 17 8 0 1 57 Boreholes

2004 15 18 17 8 11 1 70

2005 15 20 26 8 11 1 66

2006 30 25 30 8 11 1 105

Functional Boreholes

2004 15 14 17 8 8 1 63

Non Functional Boreholes

2004 0 4 0 0 3 0 7

Functional Boreholes

2005 15 16 19 4 8 1 56

Non functional boreholes

2005 0 9 7 4 3 0 20

37

Functional boreholes

2006

22 17 23 4 8 1 75

Non functional boreholes

2006 8 8 7 4 3 0 30

Source: Ministry of Public Works and Transportation

Table 25: Industries in Puntland: 2002 - 2006 (No.)

Type 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006

Pasta 1 1 1 1 2

Canned Fish 1 1 1 1 1

Candy 1 1 1 1 1

Detergent Powder Soap 1 1 1 1 2

Tannery 3 3 4 4 4

Beverage 5 5 6 6 6

Bottled water 11 12 12 12 20

Ice 25 25 26 30 35

Milk 1 1 1 2 2

Tiles 0 0 1 2 2

Sponge 1 1 2 2 2

Bread 10 15 18 30 30

Small Lunches 0 0 0 1 1

Sesame oil Factories 1 1 2 3 6

Carpenters 10 10 20 30 35

Source: Ministry of Commerce 13. TRANSPORT AND COMMUNICATION Communication is one sector which has witnessed remarkable development in Puntland State of Somalia within the last decade. It is mainly private sector driven. It is common to find companies using modern telephone, fax, email and internet facilities conducting profitable business. Broadcasting radio stations have been established in the towns of Bosaso, Garowe and

38

Galkacyo. A high frequency radio transmission system is also in place in all towns and in a number of villages. Table 26: Telephone Charges per Minute: 2000 - 2005 (So.Sh)

Local Calls International Calls

Year Galcom Company (STG)

Golis Company Galcom Company(STG)

Golis Company

1998 3,000 12,000

1999 3,000 12,000

2000 7,000 15,000

2001 7,000 18,000

2002 4,000 5,000 20,000 20,000

2003 3,000 2,000 20,000 20,000

2004 2,500 2,500 15,000 15,000

2005 4,500 2,500 17,000 17,000

2006 4,500 2,000 8,000 8,000

Source: Telecommunication companies

Table 27: Arrival of Ships and Dhows in Bosaso: 2000 - 2006 (No)

Ships Dhows Ships Dhows

Period 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005

2006 2006

Jan 13 3 6 5 7 7 46 21 65 95 74 79 9 112

Feb 16 3 7 7 3 2 59 28 90 51 55 49 9 71

Mar 11 3 11 5 7 6 54 27 73 56 48 64 5 85

Apr 7 2 7 6 4 5 53 28 41 45 54 60 9 65

May 6 6 10 8 6 12 48 30 40 55 71 52 10 73

Jun 4 6 7 8 9 8 32 18 30 55 27 49 9 44

Jul 4 11 13 9 7 5 25 8 25 27 39 39 10 42

Aug 4 10 11 10 7 15 25 11 26 32 31 34 13 52

Sept 8 11 9 13 11 8 41 24 51 38 70 72 8 67

Oct 4 6 5 8 4 8 38 34 44 69 51 79 7 88

Nov 4 10 6 8 4 9 28 43 62 57 37 77 6 73

Dec 4 8 6 7 6 7 23 60 52 52 56 47 13 90

Total 85 79 98 94 75 92 472 332 599 632 613 701 102 804

Source: Bosaso Ports Authority

39

Table 28: Registered Public and Private Vehicles: 1998 - 2006 (No.)

Year Private G.D1 Police UN Red plate**

1998 .. .. .. .. ..

1999 370 5 18 .. ..

2000 2,571 8 .. .. ..

2001 4,039 6 34 .. ..

2002 5,048 5 36 .. ..

2003 1,981 5 0 3 6

2004 2,009 10 6 2 13

2005 1,120 16 12 0 12

2006 1,867 59 25 14 10

Source: Ministry of Public Works and Transportation *Government Agencies Vehicle ** Vehicles belonging to welfare organizations exempted from tax .. Data Not Available The drop in the number of registered police vehicles is due to the large numbers procured in 2001- 2002. Table 29: Import of Fuel: 2000 - 2006 (Ltr) (Millions)

Type of Fuel 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006

Diesel 20.2 18.1 21.3 .. 28.9 26.6 49

Petrol 8.4 9.9 11.6 .. 7.3 5.8 42

Kerosene 2.6 3.7 3.2 .. .. .. 5

Total 31.2 31.7 36.1 .. 36.2 32.4 96

Source: NESHA .. Data Not Available Table 30: Domestic and International Flights (Commercial): 2000 - 2006

Flight Year No. of Flights No. of

Passengers

2000 471 22,031

2001 466 21,823

2002 497 19,227

2003 1,056 3,840

Domest c Fl ghts

2004 .. ..

2005 1,346 8,779

2006 1,675 11,092

2000 139 841

2001 113 7,596

2002 123 5,891

2003 1983 ..

International Flights

2004 392 2,158

2005 523 4,285

2006 675 7,453

Source: ICAO

40

.. Data Not Av*2004 data is only from June-December

41

14. EDUCATION The collapse of the education system in Somalia following the outbreak of has negatively impacted the society and will continue to constrain development of regional states like Puntland for many years to come. However, the situation improved after the establishment of Puntland State of Somalia in 1998 and formation of the Ministry of Education. The structure of education system which existed in Somalia before the civil was: 4 years of lower primary, 4 years of upper primary, 4 years of secondary school and 4 years of university education. The same system is currently implemented in Puntland The most generous estimates suggest that only between 14 – 17 % of all school age children are enrolled in school, mostly in the early grades. Table 31: Primary Education- Distribution of Schools, Classes and Teachers: 2001 - 2004 (No.)

Region No. of

schools No. of

classes No. of Boys

No. of Girls

Total Teachers

2001-2002

Bari 129 631 13,909 7,371 21,280 864

Mudug 22 138 3,136 1,737 4,873 147

Nugaal 27 148 3,042 1,835 4,877 148

Sool 34 197 4,415 2,856 7,271 192

Sanaag 33 208 4,528 2,291 6,819 193

Total 245 1,332 29,030 16,090 45,120 1,544

2002-2003

Bari 136 681 14,021 8,370 22,391 861

Mudug 36 264 4,975 3,597 8,571 240

Nugaal 32 191 3,685 2,515 6,200 91

Sool 44 225 4,952 3,086 8,038 225

Sanaag 38 234 5,058 2,804 7,806 221

Cayn 10 61 1,158 543 1,701 64

Total 296 1,656 33,849 20,915 54,707 1,702

Source: UNICEF

42

Table 31 (Continued): Primary Education- Distribution of Schools, Classes and Teachers: 2001 - 2005 (No.)

Region No. of

schools No. of

classes No. of Boys

No. of Girls

Total Teachers

2003-2004

Bar 132 747 13,576 8,075 21,651 850

Mudug 38 247 5,636 3,379 9,015 237

Nugaal 32 190 4,208 2,773 6,981 193

Sool 47 258 5,697 3,840 9,537 850

Sanaag 40 255 5,327 2,850 8,177 245

Cayn 10 258 1,367 585 1,942 238

Total 299 1,955 35,811 21,502 57,303 2,613

2004-2005

Bari 144 936 17,422 11,866 29,288 1,034

Mudug 44 248 4,977 3,473 8,450 286

Nugaal 48 269 5,204 4,073 9,277 303

Sool 40 212 5,866 3,416 9,282 201

Sanaag 59 319 6,437 3,793 10,230 287

Cayn 10 258 1,367 585 1,942 238

Total 335 1,984 39,906 26,612 66,527 2,111

2005/2006

Bari 97 842 17,423 10,590 28,013 909

Mudug 46 299 11,507 7,648 19,155 315

Nugal 60 387 7,343 5,827 13,540 419

Sool 45 257 6,606 3,710 10,316 248

Sanag 63 180 3,695 2,165 5,860 177

Cayn 15 51 2,188 1,094 3,280 192

Karkaar 51 251 4,015 2,117 6,267 226

Total 377 2267 52,777 33,151 86,431 2486

Source: UNICEF .. Data Not Available

43

Table 32: Secondary Education- Enrolment by Gender 2002 - 2005 (No.)

Region No. of

schools % Male Female Total %

2002-2003

Bari 6 50.0 1,220 308 1,528 53.3

Nugaal 2 16.7 370 126 496 17.3

Mudug 2 16.7 541 96 637 22.2

Sool 1 8.3 111 3 114 4.0

Cayn 1 8.3 91 2 93 3.2

Total 12 100 2,333 535 2,868 100

2003-2004

Bar 6 42.9 740 310 1,050 28.2

Nugaal 3 21.4 589 298 887 23.9

Mudug 2 14.3 556 323 879 23.6

Sanaag 1 7.1 47 9 56 1.5

Sool 1 7.1 513 181 694 18.7

Cayn 1 7.1 86 65 151 4.1

Total 14 100 2,531 1,186 3,717 100

Source: Ministry of Education Puntland

44

Table 32 (Continued): Secondary Education- Enrolment by Gender: 2002 - 2006 (No.)

Region No. of

schools % Male Female Total %

2004-2005

Bari 6 28.6 1,537 692 2,229 40.2

Nugaal 3 14.3 610 396 1,006 18.2

Mudug 3 14.3 791 198 989 17.9

Sool 3 14.3 351 109 460 8.3

Cayn 1 4.8 117 25 142 2.6

Total 16 76.3 3,406 1420 4,826 87.2

2005-2006

Bari 7 30 1,900 713 2,613 41

Karkaar 3 13 395 199 594 9

Nugaal 4 17 788 352 1,140 18

Mudug 5 22 963 235 1,198 19

Sool 2 9 432 140 572 9

Cayn 1 4 80 65 145 2

Sanaag 1 4 98 32 130 2

Total 23 99 4,656 1736 6,392 100

Source: Ministry of Education, Puntland .. Data Not Available

Table 33: East Africa University- Enrolment by Gender: 2000 – 2006 (No.)

Business Administration (4

yrs)

Sharia and Islamic studies (5 yrs)

Computer Science (4 yrs)

Education (4 yrs)

Year

Male Female Total Male Female Total

Male Female Total Male Female Total

2000 95 6 101 95 0 95 0 0 0 0 0 0

2001 25 1 26 33 4 37 0 0 0 0 0 0

2002 16 0 16 .. .. .. 0 0 0 0 0 0

2003 26 8 34 30 9 39 28 5 33 0 0 0

2004 180 22 202 80 26 106 22 5 27 13 4 17

2005 200 25 225 69 40 109 14 6 20 37 12 49

2006 224 34 258 139 78 217 46 7 53 35 7 42

Source: East Africa University .. Data Not Available

45

Table 34: Bosaso Vocational Institutions- Students Enrolled: 2004 - 2005 (No.)

College Academic

Year Male Female Total

PIDAM (Puntland Inst tute for Adm n strat on & Management)

2 years 136 27 163

PCC (Puntland commun ty college- Garowe)

2 years 140 60 200

Star Academy 2 years 65 20 85

GTEC (Garowe Technical cal Training for Teachers College)

2 years 48 24 72

Source: EAU, BVTC and PCC

Table 34: puntland Institutions- Students Enrolled: 2005 -2006 (No.)

College Academic

Year Male Female Total

PIDAM (Puntland Inst tute for Adm n strat on & Management)

2 years 180 85 265

PCC (Puntland commun ty college- Garowe)

2 years 273 100 373

Star Academy 2 years 105 31 136

GTEC (Garowe Techn cal Tra n ng for Teachers College)

2 years 218 511 729

Source: EAU, BVTC and PCC

Table 35:Puntland State University ( PSU) : 2006-2007

Year-2006 PSU- Enrollment M F Total Business Administration. 63 22 85 Public Administration 71 20 91 Pre-University 11 12 23 Diploma Program 55 22 77 Promoting Employment Through Training

34 16 50

Online Distant Learning 19 3 22 Cross Roads Coffee 12 3 15 Business English 8 2 10 Grand Total 273 100 373

46

Table 36 : Garowe Teachers Education Collage: 2006-2007

Year 2005 Year 2006

GTEC Trainees M F M F Total Pre-service Enrollment 24 48 22 23 117

In-Service Rural Teachers 109 171 - - 280 In-service Urban Teachers - - 57 243 300 ICT trainees - - 6 26 32 Total GTEC Trainees 133 219 85 292 729

Table 37 : East Africa University Bosaso 2006

Year : 2006

East Africa University No Of Students M F Total

Faculty of Education, Regular Students 42 35 7 42

In-service Teachers Trainees 170 138 32 170

Faculty of Business Administration 258 224 34 258

Faculty of Computer Science 53 46 7 53

Faculty of Shari’ a and Islamic Students 120 72 48 120

Capacity Building for Somali financial planners 35 29 6 35

Journalism Degree 10 9 1 10

English Certificate Course 18 16 2 18

IT master Certificate 8 6 2 8

Shari’ a Institute 97 67 30 97

Grand Total 811 642 169 811

Source: Public Relations office (EAU).

47

15. HEALTH The resources available to the Ministry of Health currently are limited. Its role is primarily to coordinate the activities of the international agencies and international and local NGOs who provide support to the health sector. The goal of the Ministry of Health is to improve the health of the population of Puntland through increased access to health services. In order to improve health services in urban areas that have higher population densities, the international and local NGOs have constructed MCHs and health posts. CHWs and TBAs have also been trained on basic health services. The main causes of morbidity and mortality in Puntland are acute infectious diseases, chronic communicable diseases, adverse behaviours and unhealthy traditional practices. The most common infectious diseases that contribute to the morbidity and mortality, probably accounting for more than half the deaths for children under five years in Somalia include: - Malaria, ARI (pneumonia) and diarrhea. Tetanus (especially neonatal) and TB are also among the contributors of mortality in children and mothers of child bearing age. HIV/AIDS prevalence, which is estimated at 1%, is not a major cause of morbidity and mortality at the moment. However going by the trend in neighbouring countries, this situation might change in future in the absence of preventive measures. Outbreaks of measles, cholera, dysentery and meningitis pose a major threat to the public health both in morbidity and mortality. Table 37: Availability of Health Personnel:2004-2005 (No.)

Description Bari Nugaal Sool Sanaag Mudug Cayn Total

Doctor 28 7 7 0 19 1 62

Pharmacist 3 3 4 2 1 0 13

Post bas nurse* 1 0 1 0 0 0 2

Midwives 18 2 2 3 3 5 33

Nurses 25 42 35 16 17 5 140

Lab. Tech. 6 1 3 4 5 1 20

Asst. lab. Tech. 28 18 10 3 21 1 81

San tat on 14 1 10 0 1 0 26

CHWs 72 120 19 20 60 4 295

TBAs 72 119 19 20 44 4 278

Total 267 313 110 68 171 21 950

Source: Ministry of Health

• Post bas nurse is a qualified graduate nurse from college with additional training

48

Table 38: Availability of Health Personnel: 2006 (No)

Number of staff

2006

Description

Public Private

TOTAL

Doctors 31 42 73

Qualified Nurses 167 208 375

Qualified Midwives 29 18 47

Pharmacist 14 3 17

Auxiliaries /Assistant Nurse 196 140 336

Health Technicians 75 NA 75

TBAs 447 NA 447

Other supporting Staff 436 NA 436

TOTAL 1,395 411 1,806

Doctor Population radio is 1 to 35,000 Total Number of Health Staff 521 Included Government Payroll.

49

Table 39: Availability of Health Facilities: 2002 - 2006 (No.)

Region/District Hospital Beds MCH Health

Post

2002

Nugaal/Garowe 3 99 1 10

Mudug/Galkacyo 5 156 10 5

Bar /Bosaso 5 200 2 6

Sool/Las Anod 3 100 3 4

Total 16 555 16 25

2003





Total 16 555 29 46

2004





Cayn/Buhodle 1 22 3 10

Total 17 629 32 58

2005

Nugal/Garowe 3 99 5 10





Total 17 629 40 58

2006

Nugal/Garowe 8 99 11 16

Mudug/Galcaio 6 220 8 9

Bari/Bosaso 6 240 8 54

50

Sool/Las-anod 2 120 8 33


Karkar/Qardo 4 25 7 40

Sanag 2 20 8 18

Total 29 745 53 181


Table 40: Immunization of Children under 5 years: 2003 - 2005

2003 2004 2005

Vac

cin

e

Targ

et V

ac

cin

ate

d

% V

accin

ate

d

Targ

et

Vac

cin

ate

d

% V

accin

ate

d

Targ

et

Vac

cin

ate

d

% V

accin

ate

d

BCG 38,208 9,577 25 38,208 7,291 19 38,208 12,831 34

DPT 1 38,208 8,934 23 38,208 6,842 18 38,208 13,152 34

DPT 3 38,208 4,540 12 38,208 4,033 11 38,208 10,661 28

MEASLES 38,208 6,114 16 38,208 3,964 10 38,208 8,696 23

TT2+ 38,208 10,175 27 38,208 6,498 17 38,208 17,684 46

Source: UNICEF

Table 41: Distribution of Urban Population by Usage of Health Facilities: 2004 (%)

Health Facility Percentage of users

Private clinics 5.9

Hospitals 3.4

Over the counter drugs 1.6

MCH/HP 0.8

OPD 0.6

Total 12.3

Source: PDRC

51

Table 42: Distribution of Mothers by Place of Delivery: 2004 (%)

Place of delivery Urban

Hospital 16%

Private Midwife Clinics 11.7%

Home 72.3%

Total 100

Source: PDRC .. Data Not Available Table 43: Health Indicators: 2004

Health Profile Indicator

Crude death rate per 1,000 population 18

Infant mortality rate per 1,000 live birth 135

Maternal mortality rate per 100,000 live birth 1600

Mortality rate under 5 per 1,000 live birth 225

Life expectancy at birth 47%

Antenatal care attendance 47%

Children with less than 2.5kg 9%

women delivered at health facility 10%

women delivered at home 90%

women assisted TBA 80%

women assisted by qualified health provider 10%

Percentage of Children < 5 years had diarrhea two weeks pr or the survey 23

Percentage of women aware of any family planning and methods 38

Percentage of women aware of modern family planning and methods 10

Percentage of women aware of HIV/AIDS as STDs 57

Percentage of women aware of syphilis as STDs 5

Population with access to safe drinking water 23


52

Table 44 :Summery of Hospital Activities for Puntland

Garowe Bosaso Galkaio Gardho Lasanod Activity 2005 2006 2005 2006 2005 2006 2005 2006 2005 2006 total

Admissions 1523 1548 1552 1682 2254 3662 4193 565 362 353 17694

Discharges 1185 1162 1527 1655 1839 3900 1766 519 0 208 13761

OPD 2027 3670 21487 22524 14664 8992 4772 4885 3805 5065 91891

Deliveries 273 209 835 845 394 318 219 84 18 11 3206

Deaths 39 39 28 30 30 29 53 4 12 21 285

Operations 170 127 348 545 130 83 0 0 113 37 1553

Dressing 4090 2074 5330 4683 1632 716 537 608 319 209 20198

X-ray 543 680 1496 1460 0 31 0 425 140 377 5152

Laboratory 3429 5236 3535 1618 3336 1131 1184 2977 6047 5745 34238

Others 0 0 8345 11773 810 530 211 2940 0 2095 26704

Total 8544 14745 19917 46815 6332 19392 2204 13007 6649 14121 151726

Table 45:The Most Common/Severe Morbidities Garowe Bosaso Galkaio Gardho Lasanod Diseases 2005 2006 2005 2006 2005 2006 2005 2006 2005 2006 total

Wounds/Trau/Fra 294 519 4621 4481 2067 1551 1036 0 230 7 14806

Malaria 230 122 0 1 554 106 177 79 1475 4 2748

Measles 83 20 50 36 28 115 198 32 0 0 562

ARI 436 254 5929 7889 1387 2111 312 828 80 0 19226

W. Diarrhea 201 125 92 397 98 407 1903 991 74 0 4288

B. Diarrhea 42 64 48 35 44 81 743 39 0 0 1096

UTI 138 194 772 749 792 287 1126 166 60 0 4284

STD's 99 88 598 548 473 537 738 100 0 0 3181

Typhoidfever 115 79 291 339 41 263 223 90 400 0 1841

Tuberculosis 71 32 209 176 92 48 1042 149 264 1 2084

Aneamia 115 193 411 267 106 445 276 178 0 4 1995

Meningitis 13 5 6 2 16 5 75 10 0 2 134

Gastritis 31 23 635 942 139 304 316 271 0 0 2661

Hepatitis 10 39 127 88 30 113 342 2 0 0 751

Hypertension 27 27 159 109 72 68 283 83 0 0 828

Diabetes Mellitis 9 20 0 23 16 86 46 34 0 0 234

Others 1636 4823 9093 8124 1151 1755 175 2334 0 3 29094

Total 3550 6627 23041 24206 7106 8282 9011 5386 2583 21 89813

53

OPD

Garowe Bosaso Galkaio Gardho Lasanod Diseases 2005 2006 2005 2006 2005 2006 2005 2006 2005 2006 total

Wounds/Trau/Fra 178 250 4535 4294 1837 1439 432 0 43 148 13156

Malaria 157 70 0 1 548 75 30 58 1435 1142 3516

Measles 25 13 50 36 16 119 99 17 0 1 376

ARI 346 154 5806 7835 1549 1846 117 813 80 100 18646

W. Diarrhea 138 71 92 316 63 433 1058 745 73 244 3233

B. Diarrhea 18 35 48 14 29 57 390 24 0 2 617

UTI 109 125 767 749 747 271 632 150 50 141 3741

STD's 85 47 598 594 380 472 388 100 0 29 2693

Typhoidfever 74 49 279 335 50 265 98 90 392 460 2092

Tuberculosis 45 20 208 165 18 48 708 129 177 116 1634

Aneamia 64 124 356 239 82 398 162 180 0 20 1625

Meningitis 0 3 6 2 20 2 3 10 0 0 46

Hepatitis 5 11 115 61 42 289 89 1 0 1 614

Gastritis 17 22 610 927 35 106 230 269 0 56 2272

Hypertension 20 11 148 97 27 50 160 72 0 58 643


Others 743 2647 7869 6809 1156 1548 178 2199 0 2205 25354

Total 2027 3670 21487 22494 6985 7500 4775 4885 2250 4723 80796

IPD


Wound/Trau/Frac 116 186 86 215 1812 1155 488 0 117 61 4236

Malaria 73 57 0 0 177 33 39 21 40 11 451

Measles 58 6 0 0 16 146 91 15 0 0 332

ARI 90 90 101 48 1443 714 115 30 0 1 2632

W. Diarrhea 63 55 0 81 55 422 898 246 1 2 1823

B. Diarrhea 24 31 0 5 27 6 385 15 0 0 493

UTI 29 65 5 0 723 6 494 16 10 5 1353

STD's 14 40 0 0 473 1 350 0 0 2 880

Typhoidfever 41 31 12 10 54 78 125 0 8 16 375

Tuberculosis 26 12 1 2 18 243 648 20 87 99 1156

Aneamia 51 70 59 34 86 229 132 18 0 3 682

Meningitis 13 1 0 0 20 7 43 5 0 4 93

54

Gastritis 14 13 5 12 44 94 177 26 0 0 385

Hepatitis 5 19 10 7 35 17 132 1 0 3 229

Hypertension 7 14 10 13 27 33 121 11 0 0 236


Others 893 855 1262 1251 1183 464 0 135 0 31 6074

Total 1523 1548 1551 1682 6592 3671 4239 565 263 238 21872

Admissions Distribution by Ward

Garowe Bosaso Galkaio Gardho Lasanod Wards 2005 2006 2005 2006 2005 2006 2005 2006 2005 2006 total

Medical 404 315 208 156 446 1422 990 179 49 42 4211

Surgical 421 457 374 399 543 972 0 24 156 75 3421

Pediatric 182 242 146 160 672 830 484 208 8 6 2938

Maternity 516 534 853 967 404 380 202 91 29 13 3989

Emergency 1583 1409 0 0 0 58 186 63 456 4 3759

Total 3106 2957 1581 1682 2065 3662 1862 565 698 140 18318

Mortality Cases Distribution by Ward

Garowe Bosaso Galkaio Gardho Lasanod Wards 2005 2006 2005 2006 2005 2006 2005 2006 2005 2006 total

Medical 12 11 24 16 34 2 9 3 8 1 120

Surgical 13 16 7 7 24 8 0 0 3 1 79

Pediatric 8 8 3 6 11 6 10 0 1 4 57

Maternity 6 4 3 2 21 4 3 0 0 1 44

Emergency 0 0 0 0 0 9 7 1 0 5 22

Total 39 39 37 31 90 29 29 4 12 12 322

Mortality Cases by Cause


Wounds/Trau/Fra 0 12 4 7 19 15 11 0 0 6 74

Malaria 5 1 0 0 1 0 0 0 5 3 15

Measles 2 0 0 0 12 1 0 0 0 0 15

ARI 4 2 0 3 21 4 0 0 0 0 34

W. Diarrhea 1 1 0 1 14 1 6 0 1 0 25

B. Diarrhea 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1

UTI 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0

STD's 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0

Typhoidfever 2 2 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 4

Tuberculosis 0 0 0 0 3 0 1 1 0 6 11

Aneamia 2 4 0 2 8 0 1 0 0 0 17

Meningitis 0 0 0 2 3 0 0 0 0 2 7

Gastritis 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 1

Hepatitis 2 0 4 3 2 2 0 0 0 0 13

Hypertension 1 3 1 1 2 1 1 0 0 0 10

55


Others 19 12 19 9 1 5 4 3 6 5 83

Total 39 39 28 31 88 29 24 4 12 22 316 Source: ministery of health

56

16. MISCELLANEOUS Table 41: Regional Distribution of NGOs: 2002 - 2006

Total No. of NGOs

No. of NGOs operated by Men / women

Region/District

2002 2003

2004 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006

Bari 35 35

35 20 20 20 21

47

Nugal 20 20

20 14 16 14 20

57

Mudug 18 18

18 10 12 10 16

27

Sool 5 5

22 2 2 12 16

37

Sanag 6 6

6 3 3 3 6

9

Karkar

6

13

Ayn 2 2

2 .. 1 1 2

6

Total 86 86

103 49 54 60 81

196

Source: mopic

Table 42 Yearly Puntland Road Accident Statistics- 2005

No Region Year Accidents Death Serious Injuries Injuries Total

1 Bari 2005 211 96 94 164 565

2 Nugal 2005 194 61 93 256 604

3 Karkar 2005 152 58 84 156 450

4 Mudug 2005 120 12 21 143 296

5 Sanag 2005 24 11 23 32 90

6 Sool 2005 74 18 36 72 200

7 Ayn 2005 26 8 17 26 77

Total 7 2005 801 264 368 849 2282 Source; ministery public work, transport and housing

Yearly Puntland Road Accident Statistics- 2006

No Region Year Accidents Death Serious Injuries Injuries Total

1 Bari 2006 145 72 63 128 408

2 Nugal 2006 140 38 20 78 276

3 Karkar 2006 99 45 21 59 224

4 Mudug 2006 76 6 12 72 166

5 Sanag 2006 - - - - -

6 Sool 2006 89 15 29 47 180

7 Ayn 2006 - - - - -

Total 7 2006 549 176 145 384 1254

57

Source; ministery public work, transport and housing

puntland facts and figures, mopic

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