protecting children from child labour and child...
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1www.ilo.org/ipec International Programme on the Elimination of Child Labour
Protecting Children from Child Labour and
Child TraffickingFor For TaskTask Force meetingForce meeting
For For thethe Protection Protection ofof ChildrenChildren in in TourismTourismBerlin, 12 March 2010Berlin, 12 March 2010
YoshieYoshie NoguchiNoguchi, IPEC, IPEC--ILOILO
2www.ilo.org/ipec International Programme on the Elimination of Child Labour
SummarySummaryProtection of ChildrenWhat is child labour?Worst Forms of Child LabourMinimum age for work
Training manual to fight child trafficking: What can you do?
Some facts on child labourWhat is next? - events in 2010
3www.ilo.org/ipec International Programme on the Elimination of Child Labour
UN Convention on the Rightsof the Child
UN Convention UN Convention on on thethe RightsRightsofof thethe ChildChild
ILO Declarationon FundamentalPrinciples andRights at Work
ILO ILO DeclarationDeclarationon on FundamentalFundamentalPrinciplesPrinciples andandRightsRights atat WorkWork
Provides that children beprotected from economicexploitation and work that
threatens their healtheducation anddevelopment
ProvidesProvides thatthat childrenchildren bebeprotectedprotected fromfrom economiceconomicexploitationexploitation andand workwork thatthat
threatensthreatens theirtheir healthhealtheducationeducation andanddevelopmentdevelopment
Declares the effectiveabolition of child
labour as a social pillarof the global economy
DeclaresDeclares thethe effectiveeffectiveabolition abolition ofof childchild
labourlabour as a social as a social pillarpillarofof thethe global global economyeconomy
ILO Minimum AgeConvention, No. 138
ILO Worst Forms ofChild LabourConvention, No. 182
International Principles and RightsInternational Principles and Rights
4www.ilo.org/ipec International Programme on the Elimination of Child Labour
What is child labour to be abolished?What is child labour to be abolished?
Hazardous work and other worst forms of child
labour
Non-hazardous non-light work
Light work(compatible with
schooling)
Work excluded from minimum age legislation
14/15/16 <minimum working age>
18
12/13
Shaded area = child labour for abolitionC138
C182
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Worst Forms of Child LabourWorst Forms of Child Labour
a)a) ChildrenChildren in in slaveryslavery, , forcedforced or or compulsorycompulsory labour, labour, childchild traffickingtrafficking
IncludingIncluding forcedforced recruitmentrecruitment for use in for use in armedarmed conflictconflict
b)b) ChildrenChildren in prostitution in prostitution andand pornographypornography
c)c) ChildrenChildren in in illicitillicit activitiesactivitiesd)d) ChildrenChildren in in hazardoushazardous workwork
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Urgent action against WFCLUrgent action against WFCLDetermine and map
hazardous workMonitoring mechanismsProgrammes of actionTime bound measures
Prevention, removal, rehabilitation, …
International cooperation
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A national policy for the effective abolition of child labour(Art. 1)
Minimum age > end of compulsory education(Art. 2)
General Exceptions fordeveloping countries
Basic Minimum Age (Art. 2) 15 years 14 years
Hazardous work (Art. 3) 18 years NO EXCEPTION(16 years conditionally)
Light work (Art. 7) 13-15 years 12-14 years
GeneralGeneral Exceptions forExceptions fordevelopingdeveloping countriescountries
Basic Minimum AgeBasic Minimum Age (Art. 2)(Art. 2) 15 15 yearsyears 14 14 yearsyears
HazardousHazardous workwork (Art. 3)(Art. 3) 18 18 yearsyears NO EXCEPTION(16 years conditionally)
Light Light workwork (Art. 7)(Art. 7) 1313--15 15 yearsyears 1212--14 14 yearsyears
Minimum age(s) for workMinimum age(s) for work
ILO Minimum AgeConvention
No. 138
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What is child traffickingWhat is child traffickingA child = under the age of 18 years; ‘Acts’ of recruitment, transportation,
transfer, harbouring or receipt;For ‘purposes’ of exploitation;Movement of the victim; ‘Illicit means’ (e.g. coercion, fraud or
deception) are NOT required for CHILD trafficking definition.
9www.ilo.org/ipec International Programme on the Elimination of Child Labour
Training manualTraining manual
to fight trafficking in children for labour, sexual and other forms of exploitation
http://www.ilo.org/ipec/areas/Trafficking ofchildren/lang-- en/WCMS_111537/index.htm
- As an example of IPEC material
10www.ilo.org/ipec International Programme on the Elimination of Child Labour
Training manual: contentsTraining manual: contents
Textbook 1: Understanding child trafficking
Textbook 2: Action against child trafficking at policy and outreach levels
Textbook 3: Matters of processExercise bookFacilitators’ guide
11www.ilo.org/ipec International Programme on the Elimination of Child Labour
Training manual: who is it for?Training manual: who is it for?
GovernmentsWorkersEmployersNGOs and international agencies
working for children
What can YOU do?
12www.ilo.org/ipec International Programme on the Elimination of Child Labour
Latest Global Estimates (1)Latest Global Estimates (1)
Age groups:
246 million
218million2004
2000
0 50 100 150 200 250
(millions)
5-14 15-17
186 59
166 52
Global trends in child labour by age group and year
13www.ilo.org/ipec International Programme on the Elimination of Child Labour
Latest Global Estimates (2)Latest Global Estimates (2)
Hazardous
170 million
126 million2004
2000
0 50 100 150 200
(millions)
5-14 15-17
111 59
74 52
Hazardous
Global trends in hazardous work by age group and year
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Latest global estimates (3)Latest global estimates (3)
Asia
and
the
Pacific
2000 2004
19.418.8
16.1
5.16.8
5.2
28.8
26.4
Latin America & Caribbean
Other
regions Sub-Saharan
Africa
30
20
10
0
Regional trends in the proportion of working children in the age group 5 – 14 years (%)
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Latest global estimates (4)Latest global estimates (4)
Agriculture 69%
Industry 9%
Services 22%
Working children ages 5-14 by sector (%), 2004
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The Global Action PlanThe Global Action Plan
All ILO members committed in 2006 to the global goal : The elimination of all worst forms of child labour by 2016
17www.ilo.org/ipec International Programme on the Elimination of Child Labour
What is next in 2010?What is next in 2010?
New Global Report on Child LabourNew Global Estimates
The Hague International Conference 10-11 May 2010Taking stock: 10 years of C182Roadmap for 2016
http://www.childlabourconference2010.com/
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Useful linksUseful links
ILO’s work on hotels, catering, tourismhttp://www.ilo.org/public/english/dialogue/sector/sectors/tourism.htm
Generally on child labour and the ILO action
http://www.ilo.org/ipec
Safe work for youth (including access to a Toolkit)
http://www.ilo.org/ipec/areas/Safeworkforyouth/lang--en/index.htm
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Useful links (2)Useful links (2)
Eliminating Child Labour: Guides for Employers
http://www.ilo.org/public/english/dialogue/actemp/whatwedo/projects/cl/ guides.htm
Trade Unions and Child Labour (Booklets)
http://www.ilo.org/actrav/what/projects/lang--en/docName-- WCMS_112597/index.htm
20www.ilo.org/ipec International Programme on the Elimination of Child Labour
International Programme on the Elimination of Child Labour
4, Route des MorillonsCH-1211 Geneva 22
Switzerland
Tel.: (+41 - 22) 799 81 81Fax: (+41 - 22) 799 87 71
EE--mail: mail: [email protected]@ilo.org
Child labour Child labour websitewebsite::http://http://www.ilo.orgwww.ilo.org//childlabourchildlabour
Thank you for your attention !Thank you for your attention !