project report (transient analysis)

8/11/2019 Project Report (Transient Analysis)

1/86

FINAL REPORT

PRESSURE TRANSIENT

ANALYSIS PROJECT

July 05

th

, 2011 - Noveme! 05

th

,2011

LE"#A$A PEN$A#%IAN

"ASYARA&AT


2/86

UNI'ERSITAS ISLA" RIAU

(LP"-UIR)

PREFACE

Pressure transient Analysis project has completed study of

Area 456, well testing data based on contract number C88008,

between !embaga Pengabdian "asyara#at $ %ni&ersitas 'slam

(iau )!P"*%'(+ and P- Che&ron Paci.c 'ndonesia )P- CP'+- he

wor# was conducted since /uly 6th, 0 until 1o&ember 5th,

0-

he project team would li#e to than# to P CP', which

pro&ides an opportunity to carry out this project- his .nal report

consists of hard copy and soft copy that is presented as part of

the contract-

Pe#anbaru, 1o&ember

0

#u!h*+u+, SE, ".S

%!e/to! LP"-UIR


3/86

CONTENTS

P(23AC2----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ii

C121------------------------------------------------------------------------------------iii

!' 3 3'%(2-----------------------------------------------------------------------------&

!' 3 A7!2-----------------------------------------------------------------------------&iii

22C%'92 %""A(:-------------------------------------------------------------------;

C


4/86

>- "ethodology PA of 3all o est-----------------------------------------

.2.1 P'T *+ Pet!o4hy/ %*t*..............................................15

.2.1 6ell Tet+7 %*t*...................................................................16

.2. o!+e! Plot A+*ly U+7 E/!+ v3.12.08

(S*4h!).....................................................................................................19

.2.3 %*7+ot/ A+*ly...............................................................20

.2.5 Autom*t/ Ty4e Cu!ve "*t/h+7 (ATC")..................21

>-> "ethodology PA of Pressure 7uild %p )P7%+ est-------------

..1 P'T *+ Pet!o4hy/ %*t*..............................................23

..2 6ell Tet+7 %*t*...................................................................23

..2 "*+u*l o!+e! Plot A+*ly...........................................25

.. o!+e! Plot A+*ly U+7 E/!+ v3.12.08

(S*4h!).....................................................................................................26

..3 %*7+ot/ A+*ly...............................................................28

..5 Autom*t/ Ty4e Cu!ve "*t/h+7 (ATC")..................30

>-4 tatic 7ore -5

C5

4- 3all* est------------------------------------------------------------------------>5

4- Pressure 7uild %p est--------------------------------------------------------4

4-> tatic 7ore


5/86

3.3.3 Shut + Tme Re/omme+*to+......................................65

C


6/86

3igure 4-4 =irect "easurement Pressure =ata at A*and----------46

3igure 4-5 =irect "easurement Pressure =ata at 7*and----------46

3igure 4-6 =irect "easurement Pressure =ata at 7*and----------4@

3igure 4-@ =irect "easurement Pressure =ata at =*and-----------4@

3igure 4-8 abulation #in of A*and-----------------------------------------5>

3igure 4-D abulation #in of A*and-----------------------------------------5>

3igure 4-0 abulation #in of 7*and---------------------------------------54

3igure 4- abulation #in of 7*and---------------------------------------54

3igure 4- abulation #in of =*and-----------------------------------------55

3igure 4-> abulation #in of *and-----------------------------------------56

3igure 4-4 abulation #in of All and---------------------------------------56

3igure 4-5


7/86

LIST OF TA#LE

able >- the =etails 'n&alid of ?C 3---------------------------------------6

able >- the =etails 9alid of ?C 3------------------------------------------@

able >-> the =etails 'n&alid of ?C P7%---------------------------------------@

able >-4 the =etails 9alid of ?C P7%------------------------------------------@

able >-5 !ist Eell 'n&alid of ?C P7%-------------------------------------------8

able >-6 the (esult of ?C 7-@ the (esult of ?C -8 the =etails of 'n&alid -D Petrophysics =ata of >=*6> )area 05+, A*and-----------

able >-0 P9 =ata of >=*6> )area 05+, =*and------------------------

able >- /ob !og perator of >=*6> )area 05+, =*and------------4able >- =*6> )area 05+, =*and

---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------5

able >-> =*6>

)area 05+-------------------------------------------------------------------------------@

able >-4 =iagnostic Analysis (esult of >=*6> )area 05+, =*and

---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------8


8/86

able >-5 elected Analytical "odels in aphir of >=*6> )area

05+, =*and---------------------------------------------------------------------------D

able >-6 Automatic ype Cur&e "atching )AC"+ (esult of >=*

6> )area 05+--------------------------------------------------------------------------D

able >-@ Petro physics =ata of 4A*6D )Area 06+ 7*and--------->0

able >-8 Eell est

able >-0 5

able >- =iagnostic Analysis (esult of 4A*6D )Area 06+ 7*and

--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------->6

able >- Automatic ype Cur&e "atching )AC"+ (esult of 4A*

6D )area 06+-------------------------------------------------------------------------->8

able >-> !ist well of

able 4- (esult 3 at A*and-------------------------------------------------44

able 4-> (esult 3 at 7*and-------------------------------------------------45

able 4-4 (esult 3 at 7*and-------------------------------------------------46

able 4-5 (esult 3 at =*and---------------------------------------------------4@

able 4-6 (esult 3 at *and---------------------------------------------------4@

able 4-@ (esult P7% at A*and-------------------------------------------------48

able 4-8 (esult P7% at A*and-------------------------------------------------4D

able 4-D (esult P7% at 7*and-------------------------------------------------50

able 4-0 (esult P7% at 7*and-----------------------------------------------5

able 4- (esult P7% at =*and-------------------------------------------------5

able 4- =etail of 3 and P7% est----------------------------------------55

able 4-> =etail Con.dence of 3 and P7% est----------------------5@

able 4-4 Complete Eell------------------------------------------------------------56


9/86

able 4-5 Complete est =istribution-----------------------------------------56

able 4-6 hut in time 3 and P7%------------------------------------------@

Appendi; "iddle Con.dence of 3----------------------------------------@@

Appendi; 4 Con.dence f P7%---------------------------------------------------@8

SU""ARY

Pressure ransient Analysis is one of methods to obtain

reser&oir parameters surrounding wellbore, such asG

permeability, s#in, coeHcient of wellbore storage, reser&oir

pressure and reser&oir boundary- 7est e&aluation can be obtained

if it is supported by complete data- his study includes 3all*

est )3+, Pressure 7uild up est )P7%+, tatic 7ottom


10/86

pecially for the analysis of 3 and P7%, the project team

used 2crin software 4--06 &ersion- Assumptions used in this

analysis are homogeneous, radial Jow, and in.nite acting

reser&oir-And the result of 3 and P7% test, the a&erage of

pressure, s#in, permeability, and wellbore storage can be seen in

the tables- he permeability and s#in at 7*and is highest and

*sand is lowest- Project time recommends the a&erage of shut*in

time is > hours fot 3 and @ hours for P7% test

7


11/86

measuring the pressure change &ersus time in one or more wells

in the reser&oir-

1.1#*/97!ou+

'n&estment in Petroleum industry reBuires a high technology,

high ris# as well as high cost- herefore in order to ha&e right

decision, it is &ery important to use good planning and supported

by accurate data- therwise, the in&estment will be useless

without signi.cant result- 3or e;ample, the accurate data is

necessary for well stimulation or determine of injection &olume-

3irst, the project team needs to #now well characteristics such as

permeability, s#in, Jow eHciency, radius in&estigation, boundary,

fault presence in around of wellbore and bottom hole pressure-

7ased on that case, the project team needs a method to get

mentioned parameters, such as pressure build up, fall o test,

hall plot and static bottom hole pressure- 2ach method will gi&e

same parameters such as abo&e, e;cept


12/86

of science technology- 3inally, this cooperation carried out at the

ne;t time, and the human resources de&elopment at the

uni&ersity will be better in the future-

1.2O:e/tve

As an e&aluation of A456 3 and P7% data

As a reference in the current design of 3 and P7% test for

the ne;t job

o optimiIe of 3 and P7% job in area 456 in the future

o get of update reser&oir pressure database with most recent

direct measurement points

o &isualiIe historical trend of each producti&e layer

)historical chart and contour map+

CAPTER II $ENERAL

INFOR"ATION

$ENERAL INFOR"ATION

2.1 U+ve!t* Il*m R*u (UIR)

he College is better #nown as %'(, founded by :!P' (iau

eptember 4th, D6 and inaugurated by "inister of (eligious


13/86

Aairs as outlined in the charter which was signed on April 8th,

D6>-

9ision of the 'slamic %ni&ersity f (iau

'slamic %ni&ersity f (iau Making a superior Riau Islamic

University and Leading In Southeast Asia In 2020

"ission of the 'slamic %ni&ersity f (iau

a- Pro&ide education and Buality research to support national

de&elopment

b- Community ser&ice that is consistent with the philosophy of

the uni&ersity

c- row and de&elop a healthy academic life and to build

de&elopment of science, technology, and humanities with an

insight into the islamitation and the 'ndonesian

d- Play an acti&e role in creating ci&il campus by optimiIing

e;isting resources

he goal of 'slamic %ni&ersity of (iau is to build a human being

&irtuous and sincere throughout the teachings of 'slam, a capable

and ha&e the con&iction, is responsible for the welfare of the

'ndonesian people, especially the world generally in the practice

of science, technology and art and too# oHce in order to remain

faithful to Allah and


14/86

and mission of the %'( as its parent institution that has made %'(

9ision 00-

As stated in the statutes of the %'( 9ision 00 isG !eing a

superior Islamic University and leading in Southeast

Asia"

'n connection with the !P" %'( formulate 9''1 00 as followsG

"L#M $ecomes a$sor$er as relia$le science and

technology %or rural communities o% Southeast Asia in2020"

his &ision is e;pressed with the sloganG

"Science in the service and devolution to science"

o achie&e that &ision !P" %'( has mission as followsG

a- =e&elop a more resilient institutional !P"

b- 7eing a facilitator for the de&elopment of academic %'(

application of science and technology-

c- =irecting, implement, coordinate, monitor and access the

implementation of community ser&ice acti&ities by academics

%'(-

d- o de&elop programs for the utiliIation of science and

technology, religion and socio*cultural for humans and the

en&ironment-

As an element of academic e;ecutor has the tas# of !P"G

a- upport the &ision and mission in the 00 %'( aspects of

de&olution to community-

b- Assist the (ector in planning, implementing and controlling the

acti&ities of community ser&ice


15/86

c-


16/86

CAPTER III TRANSIENT ANALYSIS TEORY

P!eu!e T!*+e+t A+*ly Stuy

ransient well testing is a reser&oir description and e&aluation

method used to obtain dynamic reser&oir properties- 't is a

&aluable tool that, li#e all other indirect determination methods,

should be used with understanding of the physical concepts

behind well testing and succeeds non uniBueness of the

solutions- ransient well testing should be used with complete

understanding of the geological and operational aspects of the

.eld- 't is often necessary to run se&eral types of transient tests

and integrate their result with other characteriIation methods to

obtain a &alid description of the reser&oir- 'nterpretation of well

test relies on identifying &arious Jow regimes, calculating initial

reser&oir system properties from these Jow regimes and history

matching the entire test using an appropriate reser&oir model,

the initial estimates and regression analysis- "ost of the models

currently in use are analytical but the technology is mo&ing

towards the use of numerical modeling-

ransient testing is the general case that encompasses

measurement of Jow rates and pressure under &arious

conditions- Assume a well is producing oil at a constant rate of B7= for a period of tphours- 'f the well is shut*in, the bottom

hole pressure of the well will be decrease )draws down+ as

production begins and will increase )build up+ when the well is

shut*in-


17/86

a noisy e;periment that may be run to indirectly determine the

dynamic reser&oir properties->

.1 u*lty Co+t!ol %*t*

=ata from user )P CP'+ must be passed ?C process before it

can be analyIed- his data is categoriIed based on type of the

test, i-e- P7% analysis, 3 analysis, 7


18/86

7h u*lty%*t*

Re4o!t P!eu!eT!*+e+t A+*ly

St*!t P!eu!eT!*+e+t A+*ly

Co+;!m to CPITo 7et /om4lete*t* e to!y P

? T 4lot, P!eu!e

%e!v*tve Ch*!t,

o!+e!

$*the!+7%*t*


19/86

F7u!e .1 u*lty Co+t!ol %*t* Flo= Ch*!t

T*le .1 the %et*l I+v*l o< C FOT

3rom the table abo&e, has 84 data, total in&alid >@ data-

'n&alid or couldnLt analyIe becauseG

* > case duplicate* @ case *and, dropped by user* @ two layer* >6 cases 1o (ow data, presence dierent data between job log

and as .le-* 8 case Eellbore =ynamic, if occur change pressure because

of presence wellbore dynamic, so this is associated with

wellbore pressure, not reser&oir pressure-* cases 3 too early, if test too early process-* 5 incomplete job or failure 3P7% test- Problem when

running the test, such as memory gauge canLt go down-

he ne;t analyIed the project teams found out some of wells in

two or three areas- 't caused by G* Erong copy data to area )from original data+* 1othing information at job log* Change status sand area ) layer be multi*layer+* After the ne;t analyIed, the project team found if the original

data has dierent row data, and ne;t learn, the project team

got if data actually was not &alid or wellbore dynamic- o total

in&alid data became 4@, and remaining >@ is &alid data- Ee

will see at the table >- for the &alid data-


20/86

T*le .2 the %et*l '*l o< C FOT

.1.2 C P#U

3or P7% data, the project team recei&ed .rst data as muchas > set data, and the second data as much as 5 set data, so

total all of them are >@ set data- he project team analyIed, and

found out 6 in&alid data at st data, two of them is elisa*sand

and in&alid data at the second data- he project team can see

at table >->, table >-4, and table >-5 to more details-

T*le . the %et*l I+v*l o< C P#U

T*le .3 the %et*l '*l o< C P#U


21/86

T*le .5 Lt 6ell I+v*l o< C P#U

.1. C S#P

?C 7

-6- 3rom the table, the project team get information

total Eell is 4, total set data is 46, which could analyIed is >6

data and couldnLt AnalyIed is 6 data

T*le .8 the Reult o< C S#P

.1.3 C *ll Plot

3or


22/86

According to this article, the e;amination of the -8

T*le .@ the Reult o< C *ll Plot

T*le . the %et*l o< I+v*l *ll Plot

.2 "ethoolo7y PTA o< F*ll oB Tet

A fall o test is meassuring the pressure decline subseBuentto the closure of an injection- 't is conceptually identical to a

build up test- As with injection test, fall o test interpretation is

more diHcult if the injected Juid is dierent from the original

reser&oir Juid-4

bjecti&e 3all o estG determine Permeability, s#in around

injection well, Jow eHciency and static reser&oir pressure- 'n the

operation of a waterJood program, it becomes necessary to

4"odern Eell est Analysis


23/86

determine injection capacity through the e&aluation of indi&idual

injection well performance- Eith the occurrence of a decrease in

a particular wellLs injection, and need arises for a direct

calculation of capacity loss or wellbore damaged-

(eser&oir undergoing water Jooding for a long period of time

ha&e a larger area around the injection wells at the residual oil

saturation )i-e-, only water is Jowing+- 3all o test in these wells

are &ery similar to buildup tests which were discussed earlier

e;cept that water is the single Jowing phase and we usually

ha&e a constant pressure outer boundary around these wells

)since they are usually surrounded by producers+-

'n the course of normal operations then, a pressure fall*o

test is usually run on the problem well to determine the e;istence

and e;tent of damage- hese test are lengthy, time consuming

and costly- he proposed method of e&aluation can yield

indications of the e;tent and nature of injection loss without the

use of fall*o tests- he method presented in&ol&es the

interpretation of routine monthly injection data for all reBuired

calculations and eecti&ely eliminates con&entional testing

procedures in a normal water Jooding program-

3igure >-> is methodology of P7% and 3- Commonly, the

project team begin from MstartN and plot data using manual

calculation with e;cel- hen e&aluate manual result by


24/86

F+*l

Reult

Ev*lu*te Tet y

E/!+ v3.12.08

Co+/luo+Re/omme+*t

o+

START

Plot %*t* U+7m*+u*l /*l/ul*to+

=th E/el

Ev*lu*te "*+u*lReult

y o!+e! Plot

I+4ut %*t* to E/!+v3.12.08

"*9e C*!te*+ PlotReult D &, S, !, C,

P, et/

Com4*!e "*+u*lReult *+ E/!+

Reult

END


25/86

F7u!e .2 "ethoolo7e o< P#U *+ FOT Flo= Ch*!t

o clearly, the project team ta#e one case at =ell %-8 (*!e*

05), %-S*+

.2.1 P'T *+ Pet!o4hy/ %*t*

his section discusses basic data pro&ided by CP' that used

in the well test interpretation- he data was gi&en by CP' and

used in the well test interpretation- he petrophysics data was

also pro&ided by CP' where the &alue of the reser&oir thic#ness

based on the oil net pay of sand- he petrophysics data isshown in table >-D

T*le . Pet!o4hy/ %*t* o< %-8 (*!e* 05), A1-S*+

he summary of the P9 data is listed intable >-8

T*le .10 P'T %*t* o< %-8 (*!e* 05), %-S*+


26/86

.2.1 6ell Tet+7 %*t*

he well test operation in >=*6> Area 05 of =*and is

conducted o&er the and with the perforation inter&al

>0*>4 ft 9= at @ in (7P Pac#ers hangO00 ft- he total

length of perforation inter&al was 4 ft in 9=- he fall o

period lasted for > hours- he details seBuence of e&ents of the

well testing operation can be seen in able >-- he well test

history plot and operator job log is shown in the .gure >-4


27/86

F7u!e . to!y Plot P!eu!e (P), Lu R*te (ST#G%) v Tme

(h!)

3igure >-> is recorded pressure data plot- 't is will be used to

e;amine wellbore dynamic- Eellbore dynamic is anything that

happened in or near the wellbore that will aect the recorder

pressure- "any, but not all, o these MwellboreN transients occur

at &ery early time- heir detection and documentation has been

facilitated by the ad&ent of electronic pressure recorders- hese

recorders are so accurate that they will detect these wellbore

eects &ery clearly, and can easily be misinterpreted as

Mreser&oirN eect- 'ndeed, the whole thrust of our .eld of

engineering is to interpret the Mreser&oirN, by using pressures

recorded in a MwellboreN- his often places the reser&oir and the

wellbore in a tug*of*war, and the project team .nd that, &ery

often, MwellboreN transients will distort, or e&en, dominate our

Mreser&oirN transient- his is not surprising in &iew of the fact that

in this tug*of*war, the wellbore has a distinct ad&antage o&er the


28/86

reser&oir because this highly sensiti&e recorder is sitting in the

wellbore and not in the reser&oir-Eellbore dynamic can be caused by many factor, such as

!iBuid 'nJu; 2u;, phase (edistribution, Eellbore )and near

wellbore+ Clean*%p, dierences between drawdown and build up,

plugging, recorder eects and mysterious eects- he .rst thing

we should do when analyIe fall o test is e;amining this wellbore

dynamic phenomena-

T*le .11 Jo Lo7 O4e!*to! o< %-8 (*!e* 05), %-S*+

.2.2 "*+u*l o!+e! Plot A+*ly

3irst of step, determine s#in &alue, permeability, and other

parameters, using manual -4 and table >-


29/86

T*le .12 o!+e! Plot A+*ly Reult o< %-8 (*!e* 05), %-S*+

F7u!e .3 "*+u*l o!+e! Plot A+*ly o< %-8 (*!e* 05), %-S*+


30/86

.2. o!+e! Plot A+*ly U+7 E/!+ v3.12.08 (S*4h!)

econd of step, determine s#in &alue, permeability, and

other parameters, using -5 and able >->

F7u!e .5 o!+e! Plot A+*ly =th So


31/86

.2.3 %*7+ot/ A+*ly

1e;t of step, determine s#in &alue, permeability, and other

parameters, using =iagnostic Analysis with 2crin &4--06

)aphir+, it can be seen in 3igure >-6 and table >-4 below

1E-4 1E-3 0.01 0.1 1,ime QhrR

1

10

100

Pressure

F7u!e .8 %*7+ot/ A+*ly o< %-8 (*!e* 05), %-S*+

T*le .13 %*7+ot/ A+*ly Reult o< %-8 (*!e* 05), %-S*+


32/86

.2.5 Autom*t/ Ty4e Cu!ve "*t/h+7 (ATC")

7ased on 3low (egime 'denti.cation analysis, below table is

Analytical "odel that selected in FAPPA aphir"oftware- !ast of

step, determine s#in &alue, permeability, and other parameters,

using Automatic ype Cur&e "atching with 2crin &4--06

)aphir+, it can be seen in 3igure and able below-

F7u!e .@ Autom*t/ Ty4e Cu!ve "*t/h+7 (ATC") o< %-8 (*!e* 05)

T*le .15 Sele/te A+*lyt/*l "oel + S*4h! o< %-8 (*!e* 05), %-

S*+

T*le .18 Autom*t/ Ty4e Cu!ve "*t/h+7 (ATC") Reult o< %-8

(*!e* 05)


33/86

. "ethoolo7y PTA o< P!eu!e #ul U4 (P#U) Tet

'n a build up test, a well which is already Jowing ideally at

constant rate+ is shut in and the downhole pressure is measured

as the pressure build up- Analysis of build up test often reBuires

only slight modi.cation of the techniBues used to interpret

constant rate drawdown test- he practical ad&antage of a build

up test is that the constant Jow rate condition is more easily

achie&ed )since the Jow rate is Iero+- 7uild up test also ha&e

disad&antagesG

- 't may be diHcult to achie&e the constant rate production

prior to the shut in- 'n particular, it may be necessary to close

the well brieJy to run the pressure tool into the hole

- Production is lost while the well is shut in

bjecti&e analysis P7% is to determineG

Permeability absolute and permeability eecti&e roc#

formation

#in 3actor

3low 2Hciency


34/86

P initial and P a&erage at reser&oir

9olume radius in&estigation

pace sector fault from well

"ethodology P7% already e;plain in .gure >->- for further, the

project team ta#e one case at=ell3A-8 (*!e* 08) #2-S*+-

..1 P'T *+ Pet!o4hy/ %*t*

his ection discusses basic data pro&ided by P- CP' that

used in the well test interpretation- he P9 data was gi&en byP- CP' and used in the well test interpretation- he summary of

the P9 data is listed in table >-0- he petro physics data also

pro&ided by P- CP', where the &alue of the reser&oir thic#ness is

based on the oil net pay of >D0 sand- he petro physics data it

shows by table >-@

T*le .1@ Pet!o 4hy/ %*t* o< 3A-8 (A!e* 08) #2-S*+

..2 6ell Tet+7 %*t*

he well test operation in 4A*6D Area 06 of 7*and is

conducted o&er the >D0 and with the perforation inter&al4@*4 ft 9= at @ in (7P Pac#ers hangO>8@-@4 ft- he

total length of perforation inter&al was 5 ft in 9=- he build

up is conducted after the cleanup processK the buildup period

lasted for 6 hours- he details seBuence of e&ents of the well

testing operation can be seen in .gure >-8 and table >-8


35/86

T*le .1 6ell Tet to!y Plot o< 3A-8 (A!e* 08) #2-S*+ *t "*!/h

0, 2011


36/86

F7u!e . 6ell Tet Seue+/e o< Eve+t

..2 "*+u*l o!+e! Plot A+*ly

3irst of step, determine s#in &alue, permeability, and other

parameters, using manual -0 and table >-D


37/86

F7u!e . "*+u*l o!+e! Plot A+*lye

T*le .1 "*+u*l o!+e! Plot A+*ly Reult o< 3A-8 (A!e* 08) #2-

S*+

.. o!+e! Plot A+*ly U+7 E/!+ v3.12.08 (S*4h!)

econd of step, determine s#in &alue, permeability, and

other parameters, using - and table >-0


38/86

F7u!e .10 o!+e! Plot A+*ly =th So


39/86

T*le .20 o!+e! Plot A+*ly Reult =th So- and table >-

F7u!e .11 %*7+ot/ A+*ly


40/86

he type cur&e at figure abo&e show the log log plot of log )Sp+

and deri&ati&e &s- log )St+- he deri&ati&e shown is the absolute

&alue of the slope of the semi log plot, but plotted on the log log

plot- here are many information that the project team can get

from this type cur&e that isG

* Ehen the data is in the straight line with slope , it is wellbore

storage- he project team #nows nothing about the reser&oir-

* Ehen the model becomes a straight line in semi log plot, the

deri&ati&e becomes a horiIontal line- 't show the in.nite acting

reser&oir

* 3rom this Jow regime, the project team can get permeability of

the reser&oir

* he separation between the two cur&es can tell us the &alue of

damage of reser&oir )s#in+

* Ehere the Jat ends and ta#e o, it show the boundary of the

reser&oir

* 'f increasing e;treme end cur&e is boundary dominated Jow

regime- his Jow regime indicates the shape of the reser&oir

boundary- 3rom this, the project team can learn about how far

is the boundary and #now the drainage area of this well-

T*le .21 %*7+ot/ A+*ly Reult o< 3A-8 (A!e* 08)

#2-S*+


41/86

..5 Autom*t/ Ty4e Cu!ve "*t/h+7 (ATC")

7ased on 3low (egime 'denti.cation analysis, the table

below is Analytical "odel that selected in FAPPA aphir"

oftware-

T*le .22 Sele/te A+*lyt/*l "oel + S*4h! o< 3A-8 (A!e* 08) #2-

S*+

!ast of step, determine s#in &alue, permeability, and other

parameters, using Automatic ype Cur&e "atching with 2crin

&4--06 )aphir+, it can be seen in .gure >-> and table >->


42/86

Figure 3.12 Automatic Types Curve Matching ATCM! o< 3A-8 (A!e* 08) #2-S*+

T*le .22 Autom*t/ Ty4e Cu!ve "*t/h+7 (ATC") Reult o< 3A-8

(*!e* 08)

.3 St*t/ #o!e ole P!eu!e (S#P)

"ethodology of 7


43/86

- Collect data 7, hall presented a system of analyIing the

performance of injection wells using better #nown as


44/86

recogniIing any formation damage as e&ident by the

accompanying drop in injecti&ity which is seen to a rise in the

slope


45/86

can be used to Bualitati&ely interpret what is happening in the

reser&oir when changes occur in the slope of the cur&e-

hat is methodological


46/86

b- Area 05

* 3ill up G >0 Eell 1o .ll up G >0 Eell,

c- Area 06

* 3ill up G >0 Eell 1o .ll up G Eell,

o, otal .ll upG 84 and 1o 3ill %p @

T*le .2 Lt =ell o< *ll Plot

CAPTER I'RESULT AN%ANALYSIS

RESULT AN% ANALYSIS


47/86

3.1 F*ll-OB Tet

(esult con.dence of the .nal 3 test is D wells, with >@

&alid test data- 3 acBuisition location to all data can be seen at

the .gure 4-

F7u!e 3.1 FOT A/uto+ Lo/*to+


48/86

he &alid tests data can di&ide into high con.dence are 50

tests, middle con.dences are D tests and low con.dence are 68

tests- Ee can see at appendi;

A1-S*+

T*le 3.1 Reult FOT *t A1-S*+

7ased on 3 test in A*and, the project teams getG

F 9alue from 45 m= until @40 m=-

#in 9alue from *0- until >0- his formation ha&e indication

damage e;cept 5C*86 )area 04+ "arch >, 008 ha&e &alue

s#in is *0-

P reser&oir is heterogenic

Eellbore storage ha&e a&erage 0-84

'ndication Eells close by fault is 4=* )area 05+ /uly , 006

A2-S*+


49/86

T*le 3.2 Reult FOT *t A2-S*+

7ased on 3 test in A*and, the project teams getG

F 9alue from m= until D6@0 m=, which at 57*5 )area 06+

/anuary 0@, 00@ has &alue F only m=, because lowest rate

as compared to other wells-

#in 9alue from *>-@4 until 88-8- his formation has indication

damage e;cept 57*5 )area 06+ "arch >, 00@ ha&e &alue

s#in is *>-@4

P reser&oir is heterogeneous


50/86

Eellbore storage has a&erage 0-48

'ndication Eells close by fault are >=*86 )area 05+ "ay 5,

006 and >=*86)area 05+ /uly D, 00D

#1-S*+

T*le 3. Reult FOT *t #1-S*+

7ased on 3 test in 7*and, the project team getsG

F 9alue from >8 m= until @850 m=,

#in 9alue from *4-05 until *0-08- his formation is not

damage


Eellbore storage has a&erage 0->>

At >=*@ )area 05+ "arch , 008 ha&e F is bigger than other

well, that is @580 m=, so that con.dence this well is low

#2-S*+

7ased on 3 test in 7*and, the project teams getG

F 9alue from 45 m= until 4060 m=,

#in &alue is from *-6> until >45- his formation has

indication damage e;cept 47*>> )area 06+ "arch , 006

with s#in *-6>, 47*>> )area 06+ /anuary 08, 006 with s#in

*-84, 4C*>D )area 05+ 1o&ember @, 005 with s#in *-6, 47*


51/86

>> )area 06+ "ay >0, 006 with s#in *-0D and >=*@ )area 05+

April 0, 00@ with s#in *0-0

P reser&oir is heterogeneous

Eellbore storage ha&e a&erage 0-00D

'ndication Eells close by fault are >=*8> )area 05+ ctober ,

005K >=*D8 )area 05+ "arch 6, 006K >=*8>)area 05+ "arch

@, 006K >=*D8 )area 05+ "ay 8, 006K >=*8> )area 05+ /uly

6, 006K >=*D8 )area 05+ April 0>, 00@K >=*D8 )area 05+ /uly

, 00@K >=*8> )area 05+ =ecember , 00@K 47*4 )area

06+ "arch 5, 008K >=*D8 )area 05+ "arch 8, 008K >=*D8

)area 05+ April 0>, 00D and >=*8> )area 05+ /uly , 00D

T*le 3.3 Reult FOT *t #2-S*+


52/86

%-S*+

7ased on 3 test in =*and, the project teams getG F 9alue from 554 m= until 4@>0 m=,

#in 9alue from 4-> until D0- his formation ha&e indication

damage




53/86

T*le 3.5 Reult FOT *t %-S*+

S-S*+

7ased on 3 test in *and, the project teams getG

F 9alue from 406 m= until 556 m=,

#in 9alue from 0-50@ until 5-5- his formation ha&e

indication damage


Eellbore storage has a&erage 0-4

T*le 3.8 Reult FOT *t S-S*+

3.2 P!eu!e #ul U4 Tet

(esult con.dences of P7% est are 5 wells, with >0 &alid test

data- 9alid test data can di&ide intoG high con.dences are D tests,

middle con.dences are 8 tests, and low con.dences are > tests-

P7% acBuisition location can be seen at .gure 4-


54/86

F7u!e 3.2 P#U A/uto+ Lo/*to+ 0 m=-

Eells with &ery good F is 47*D5A, 5C*55, and 6=*-

#in 9alue from until - his formation tendency has

damage-


55/86

P reser&oir is homogeneous-

Eellbore storage has a&erage 0-0D45-'ndication Eells close

by fault is 47*D5A )area 06+ =ecember 8, 00K 47*4

)area 06+ "arch , 0 and 3*D4 )area 05+ /une 5,

0- 'ndication Eells close by injector is 6=* )area 04+

/une 0, 0

A2-S*+

T*le 3. Reult P#U *t A2-S*+

7ased on P7% test in A*and, the project teams getG

F 9alue from 4> m= until >400 m=- Eells with &ery good F is

47*D5A, 4C*>, and 4=*@82-

#in 9alue from 0 until 64- his formation has indication

damage-

P reser&oir is homogeneous


'ndication Eells close by fault is 47*D5A )area 06+ =ecember

@, 00K 47*4 )area 06+ "arch , 0K 4C*> )area 05+

3ebruary 0>, 0 and 5C*55 )area 04+ April 0@, 0

'ndication Eells close by injector is 4=*@82 )area 04+ April 4,

0


56/86

#1-S*+

T*le 3. Reult P#U *t #1-S*+

7ased on P7% test in 7*and, the project teams getG F 9alue from 55 m= until 45D0 m=- Eells with &ery good F is

47*D5A, 5C*55, and 57*DD-

#in 9alue from D-4 until >5- his formation has indication

high damage as compared to A*and and A*and-


Eellbore storage ha&e a&erage 0-0D45

'ndication Eells close by fault is 47*D5A )area 06+ =ecember

6, 00K 47*4 )area 06+ "arch , 0K 57*DD )area 04+

April 6, 0 and 5C*55 )area 04+ April 0@, 0

'ndication Eells close by injector is 5=*D )area 04+ /une D,

0

#2-S*+

T*le 3.10 Reult P#U *t #2-S*+


57/86

7ased on P7% test in 7*and, the project teams getG

F 9alue from D-@@ m= until 4D m=-

#in 9alue from *0->>6 until 80- his formation ha&e indication

damage, e;cept 4A*6D )area 06+ "arch 0>, 0 ha&e &alues#in is *0->>6-



'ndication Eell close by fault is 4=*5*1P )area 05+ /uly 0@,

0

'ndication Eell close by injector is 5=*@> )area 04+ "ay 8,

0

%-S*+

T*le 3.11 Reult P#U *t %-S*+

7ased on P7% test in =*and, the project team getsG

F 9alue from 6 m= until D85 m=-


58/86

#in 9alue from *-8 until @- his formation ha&e indication

damage e;cept 47*D5A )area 06+ =ecember @, 00 ha&e&alue s#in is -8



'ndication Eells close by injector is 47*D5A )area 06+

=ecember @, 00 and 5=*@ )area 04+ /anuary >, 0

3. St*t/ #o!e ole P!eu!e (S#P)

3or 7 * 4-@

F7u!e 3. %!e/t "e*u!eme+t P!eu!e %*t* *t A1-S*+

3rom the .gure abo&e, we got the &alue a&erage pressure at A*

and was 555-6@, and the low was 8>-80- we got the &alue

a&erage pressure at A*and was 5>8-@>, and the low was

0>-0- we got the &alue a&erage pressure at 7*and was

54-8@, and the low was 8-86- we got the &alue a&erage


59/86

pressure at 7*and was 544-4, and the low was 6>-00- we got

the &alue a&erage pressure at =*and was 6>-0D, and the low

was 68-8D-

F7u!e 3.3 %!e/t "e*u!eme+t P!eu!e %*t* *t A2-S*+

F7u!e 3.5 %!e/t "e*u!eme+t P!eu!e %*t* *t #1-S*+


60/86


61/86

3.3 Summ*!y "+* A358 Reult

his chapter summariIed the distribution of this e&aluation

result- 3irstly, the project team will see the distribution of the test

and the categoriIe for each areas- times- 3rom 65 wells, not all of

them belong to complete test that the project team can be use

its reser&oir parameter-

here are only 44 wells of 6@ tests that the project team

can be using it data- tests in area 05, and wells of 58 tests in area 06- 't

is not an enough number to describe reser&oir parameter of the

whole area- o, the project team can ma#e the distribution of


62/86

reser&oir parameter from this e&aluation data, (3 data and

7


63/86

he table below is con.dence from the data could be analyIed-

he total test are 6@, there are 65 high con.dence data, >5

middle con.dence data and 6D low con.dence data-

T*le 3.18 %et*l Co+;e+/e o< FOT *+ P#U Tet

T*le 3.1@ Co+/luo+ FOT *+ P#U

and

A&erage of

Eellbore

torage

A&erage of

Permeability

)#+

A&erage

of #in

3actor )+

A&erage

of P

a&erage

A 0-86@ 6>@-54 >4-8> @54-

A 0->@6 85-45 -4 5@6-68

7 0-048> D6>-@8 64-@4 5D5-44

7 0-0D>5 00@- 6>-@6 55D

= 0-08D> @@@-46 4-@> @8>-@@

0-6@6> 486-5 6-> @80-5>

rand 0-5 @4-8> 40-> 6>5-48


64/86

otal

able 4-0, is showing 7*and is high s#in and high permeability-

3.3.1 S9+

T*le 3.1 S9+ (Ave!*7e)

3rom this table abo&e, the project team can see which sand

on which area that the project team needs to test- he project

team gi&es dierent color for sand- And also the project team can

see the distribution of s#in &alue- 'n order to ma#e it clearer, here

is the s#in &alue for each well-


65/86

T*le 3.1 S9+ y 6ell


66/86


67/86

3rom the table abo&e, the project team ha&e the opportunity

to increase the &alue of injection Jow rate by reduce this high

s#in- 3or e;ample, the project team can do wor# o&er, such as

reperforation, stimulation, etc- 3igure 4-8 $ 4- are tabulation

s#in of all sand-

F7u!e 3. T*ul*to+ S9+ o< A1-S*+

"inimum #in G *0-

"a;imum #in G

A&erage #in G >5-4>

F7u!e 3. T*ul*to+ S9+ o< A2-S*+


68/86

"inimum #in G *4

"a;imum#in G 64

A&erage #in G

F7u!e 3.10 T*ul*to+ S9+ o< #1-S*+

"inimum #in G *4

"a;imum #in G >5

A&erage #in G 65

F7u!e 3.11 T*ul*to+ S9+ o< #2-S*+


69/86

"inimum #in G *>

"a;imum#in G >45

A&erage #in G 64

F7u!e 3.12 T*ul*to+ S9+ o< %-S*+

"inimum #in G *"a;imum#in G @

A&erage #in G 4>


70/86

F7u!e 3.1 T*ul*to+ S9+ o< S-S*+

"inimum #in G

"a;imum#in G 6

A&erage #in G 6

F7u!e 3.13 T*ul*to+ S9+ o< All S*+

3rom the graphic abo&e, can see the #in )V+ is 5 data

and this is gi&e information that the wellbore is damage- here

are 4 data the &alue of s#in )*+ and Iero- this is gi&e information

that the wellbore has stimulated or no damage- he minimum

&alue of s#in is *4-05 and the ma;imum &alue is >45 then the

s#in a&erage is 40 for all of sands in the area 4, 5 and 6- 3or the

decreasing s#in )*+ need stimulation job-


71/86

F7u!e 3.15 to7!*m S9+ o< All S*+

3rom the graphic abo&e, the largest distribution of s#in is 0 $

D-DD with 44 data freBuency then W 0 with > data freBuency

and 50 $ DD-DD with @ data freBuency-

3.3.2 Pe!me*lty

3rom this analysis, the project team found that there is

dierence between permeability from F analysis )from P7% and

3 ests+ and F actual )3rom permeability log+-

T*le 3.20 & *+*ly (Ave!*7e)

T*le 3.21 & */tu*l (Ave!*7e)


72/86

3igure 4-6 $ 4- are tabulation permeability of all sand

F7u!e 3.18 T*ul*to+ Pe!me*lty o< A1-S*+

"inimum Permeability G 56 m=

"a;imum Permeability G @4>0 m=

A&erage Permeability G 65D m=

F7u!e 3.1@ T*ul*to+ Pe!me*lty o< A2-S*+


73/86


74/86


"a;imum Permeability G 4060 m=

A&erage Permeability G 00@ m=

F7u!e 3.20 T*ul*to+ Pe!me*lty o< %-S*+


"a;imum Permeability G 4@>0 m=

A&erage Permeability G @@@ m=

F7u!e 3.21 T*ul*to+ Pe!me*lty o< S-S*+


75/86


"a;imum Permeability G 556 m=

A&erage Permeability G 48@ m=

F7u!e 3.22 T*ul*to+ Pe!me*lty o< All-S*+

3rom the graphic abo&e, can see the permeability minimum

is D-@ m=, the ma;imum permeability is D6@0 m=, then the

a&erage permeability is @6 for all of sands in the area 4,5 and

6-'n the 3igure below can see the data distribution based

freBuency-


76/86

F7u!e 3.2 to7!*m Peeme*lty

3rom the picture abo&e, the largest distribution of

permeability is 500 $ DDD-DD with >D data freBuency then 000 $

4DD-DD with 5 data freBuency and 0 $ 500 with 8 data

freBuency-


77/86

F7u!e 3.23 to7!*m o< $oo Pe!me*lty

=istribution 1ormal and Permeability ood CategoryG

3reBuencyG )0 $ 500+, )500 $ DDD,DD+, )000 $ 4DD,DD+,

)500 * DDD,DD+

)000 $ 4DD, DD+

F7u!e 3.28 The 7oo Pe!me*lty to7!*m + *ll S*+

3.3. P!eu!e

he table below is distribution reser&oir pressure- 3rom this

distribution, we can see which sand on which area that the

project team needs to test-

T*le 3.22 Ree!vo! P!eu!e (Ave!*7e)


78/86

F7u!e 3.2@ %!e/t "e*u!eme+t P!eu!e %*t* y Tet Ty4e

F7u!e 3.2 %!e/t "e*u!eme+t P!eu!e %*t* y S*+


79/86

3.3.3 Shut + Tme Re/omme+*to+

he project team has to optimiIe the shut*in time, to

economical- 7ecause of that, the project team recommends using

> hours of shut*in time for fall o test and @ hours of shut in time

for pressure build up- !etLs see table 4->

T*le 3.2 Shut + tme FOT *+ P#U

and

hut in

time 3

)hours+

hut in

time P7%

)hours+

A >-6 6-@

A -8 @-

7 -5 6-D

7 -D 6-@

= >-5 @-

-5 X

A&erag

e> @

CAPTER 'CONCLUSION AN%RECO""EN%ATIONS

CONCLUSION AN% RECO""EN%ATIONS

5.1 Co+/luo+

- "odel in analysis PA is homogeneous, radial Jow, in.nite

acting reser&oir and constant wellbore storage-

- he project team has to optimiIe the shut*in time, for

economical cost- 7ecause of that, the project team

recommends using > hours of shut*in time for fall o test and

@ hours of shut in time for pressure build up-

>- A&erage highest permeability at D6>-@8 m= )7*and+,

a&erage lowest permeability at 486-50 m= )*and+-


80/86

4- A&erage highest s#in factor at 64-@4 )7*and+, A&erage

lowest s#in 3actor at 6->0 )*and+-

5- 'ndication closed by fault at 47*D5A A*and, A*and, 7*

andK 47*4 A*and, A*and )P7% >+, 7*andK 3*D4, 4C*

>, 5C*55 A*and, 7*andK 57*DD, 4=*5*1P, 4=* A*

and, >=*86 A*and, >=*8> 7*and, >=*D8 7*=*and and

47*4 7*and-

6- A&erage highest pressure )PX+ at =*and- he &alue is @8>-8

psi and lowest pressure at A**and, that is 5@6-@ psi

@- 7ased on deri&ati&e cur&e at P7% test, presence high

pressure at well 6=* A*and, 4=*@82 A*and, 5=*D 7*

and, 5=*@> 7*and, 47*D5A =*and, and 5=*@ =*and-

8- 7

psi , area

05 at 488-> psi, and area 06 at 5D-0

5.2 Re/omme+*to+

- 3or decrease wellbore dynamic eect, operator should follow

appropriate P, because wellbore dynamic can cause

analysis failure or canLt do it

- At PA, input data test between job log and supporting data

must be consistent-

>- 1eed support data li#e geologic, well history, and etc- to get

accurate results

4- o analysis accurate


81/86

5- Ad&isable


82/86

A44e+ 2 Lo= Co+;e+/e o< FOT


83/86


84/86

A44e+ "le Co+;e+/e o< FOT

A44e+ 3 Co+;e+/e O< P#U


85/86

REFERENCE


86/86

- "atthews C- and (ussell =-- G M Pressure Build-Up and Flow

Test in WellsN ,

project report (transient analysis)

Documents