INTRODUCTION

BACKGROUND OF THE INDUSTRY

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Reusable shopping bags, such as PP woven and non woven bags and also various other organic-based bags, are growing in popularity over the last few years. However, the actual history of these bags originates prior to 2005 or maybe even 2000, when the green shopping bag movement began gaining its momentum which can be seen worldwide today. In fact, reusable woven shopping bag manufacturers began producing their shopping bags as early as 1990s. Through theyears, these bags have undergone a noteworthy improvement with regards to what components they are produced with, what they cost, and their popularity within society.

The genuine history of these bags actually begins in 1977 when the disposable plastic bags started being put to use around the world, starting in the US. In spite of the fact that the expendable bags had been originally viewed as the perfect replacement for paper bags, in order to save trees, it didn’t take very long for consumers to acknowledge that the bags create pollutionin lakes, rivers, and oceans. By the early 1990s, reusable bag manufacturers were forming businesses around the world.

Initially, these shopping bags were taking a variety of forms and being made out of materials varying from cotton to nylon. In the mid 1990s, though, the component called polypropylene began taking the actual lead. The bags, known as PP shopping bags, are precisely what are used in many modern retail chains. The initial bag productivity type with this particular material was non woven PP shopping bags, however woven PP carry bags are widely-used today as well. The reason this specific material took the lead in the shopping bags manufacturing industry is that it was cheap and could be produced for under $0.25 USD per bag yet very durable. Historically, users havefelt comfortable paying up to $0.99 to $2.99 per bag in US dollars.

Productivity acelerated beginning in 1999. According to the US International Trade Commission Import Database, nearly three billion bags have been imported into the US since 1999. Volumes are high likewise in countries such as the United Kingdom, Ireland, Australia, and New Zealand. However, we can easily expect that the numbers will probably continue to rise - not just in those countries but around the world. Additionally the environmentally friendly trend is growing use of green shopping tote bags, and we also are seeing a trend in the legislation.

Cities or provinces in the US, Mexico, the UK, Australia, and many more have recently ratified legislation supporting use of reusable shopping bags. While some have gone as far as banning disposable shopping bags, other countries have increased an excise tax on the throw away bags at the same time subsidizing environmentally friendly grocery bags. Most of these laws have proven very successful in improving the use of reusable pp bags as well as many other materials of eco friendly bags.

These days, the bags are not only a legal and green trend, but also a fashion movement.

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Reusable grocery bags exporters are presenting numerous customizations that allow people to express their style with their bags. While the years continue, it can be estimated that this upward trend in reusable shopping bag use will remain strong.1

HISTORY OF THE COMPANY

1 http://www.articleclick.com/Article/History-of-Reusable-Woven-Shopping-Bags/1451781

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History of Rajiv Group of Companies

Rajiv Enterprise, first Company was established in the year 1979. The business started mainly with Textile Chemicals and achieved turnover of Rs. 39,400 in Chemical retrading business in the very first year and later was integrated with Textile Dyes in the second year of operation, The turnover touched a figure of Rs. 6.2 lacs and subsequently registered growth of 100% till 1999-2000 with a present turn over Rs. 500 Crores plus in 2008-09.

In 1981-82, Rajiv Enterprise was offered the agency of Electrical Switch Gear by ELECTRIC CONTROL GEAR [INDIA] LTD., then being taken over by the Piramal Group. It required foresight and vision to take over the agency of the Company, which was still at its developing stage.

Company could recognize the latent demand of these products ahead of time and undertook massive market development which later met with resounding success and kept the sales graph touching new heights year after year.

In 1985, the Company visualized bad time for composite textile mills withdrew from the business of textile related chemicals and concentrated on the diversified activities of Switch Gear and Beneficiation, which were growth oriented fields.

This resulted into formation of Corporate Office - 'RAJIV HOUSE' at Navrangpura, admeasuring 8,000 sq.ft. area with modern infrastructure, fully air conditioned, computerized operation with ERP providing instant information.

After striking initial success, the Company had major expansion and from strength to strength obtained various Switch Gear Product agencies of reputed groups viz., Eswaran & Sons Engineers Ltd., Chennai, MDS Switchgear Ltd., Mumbai.

In 1991-92, the group obtained agencies of Finolex Cables Ltd., GEC Alstom India Ltd., In 1993-94, agencies of Bhartia Cutler Hammer Ltd., Wipro Ltd., - Lighting Division were taken which covered complete range of products of Electrification of any Project.

It has been marketing its own manufactured Specialty Chemicals for beneficiation process over a period of time to all major Mineral Processing Plant viz., GMDC, Hindustan Ltd., RSMM and Bharat Gold Mines Ltd.

Begun manufacturing activities in our Associate Concern, Riddhi Enterprise - manufactured Electrical Panel Boards and Motor Control Centre, on realization of the needs of quality standards and established a Plant at Bapunagar Industrial Estate in 1986. These Panel Boards are C.P.R.I. & F.I. - T.A.C. approved.2

2 http://www.rajivgroup.com/companyprofile.html

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Basically there are in two type of business :

Manufacturing

Panel BoardSpecialized ChemicalWires and Cables Light FittingsWoven Bags and FabricsPharmaceuticals

Trading

Polymer Division Electric Cable and SwitchC & F

Following is list of companies under RAJIV GROUP OF COMPANIES

RAJIV PETROCHEMICALS PVT. LTD.RAJIV ENTERPRISE PVT. LTDRAJIV ENTERPRISE (GUJARAT)RAJIV ENTERPRISE (AHMEDABAD)RAJIV SALESATLANTIS PRODUCTS PVT. LTD.RIDDHI ENTERPRISEARVI ENTERPRISEARVI FARMELEGANT ENTERPRISEOPTIFLEX INDUSTRIESOPTIC LITING PVT. LTD.

History of Atlantis Product Pvt. Ltd.

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Atlantis Products Private Limited a Rajiv Group company is one of the leading manufacturer and exporter raffia woven sacks based at Dholka, Dist. Ahmedabad, Gujarat having latest brand new tape line Plant of Lohia with 600kg/hr capacity along with 54 newly installed circular looms. We have automatic printing machine and a fully fledged laboratory with desired testing equipments.(wrg) Atlantis products pvt ltd is ISO 9001:2008 CERTIFIED manufacturer and exporter of PP and HDPE woven bags, fabrics and tarpaulins.

Atlantis Products Private Limited, a venture of Rajiv Group offers a total packaging solution. The company is constituted with an objective to cater to international market with a range of plastic finished goods, which can be outsourced or manufactured in house. With this Rajiv group is entering into the international business arena to offer a total plastic packaging solutions by exploiting its strength in terms of technical know-how, business relations and outsourcing.3

INTRODUCTION TO THE FOUNDING MEMBERS

Founder of Company : Mr.Rajiv Vastupal

3 http://www.atlantis.co.in

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Rajiv Vastupal born in Mumbai in October 1957 is a founder of Rajiv Group of Companies and heading Team Rajiv. He started business in 1980 with a small capital, having turnover of Rs. 34000/- in first year, which in 2008-09 has reached nearly 500 Crores with a great team work. Team Rajiv has become the largest Agency house in Gujarat for electrical, switchgear, cables, petrochemicals, polymers & woven sack product. The company has emerged as Gujarat's most admired business house under his leadership.

Academic Achievements : Rajiv Vastupal is a commerce graduate, LLB & ICWA (Intermediate) and has a diploma in Marketing.

Achievements : In August, 2005 for 2 years term, Rajiv Vastupal became President of Ahmedabad Management Association, which was founded by Dr. Vikram Sarabhai and considered to be the Best Management Association of India constantly since last 9/10 years.

He is present Vice President of All India Management Association and very active member of CII & Gujarat Chamber of Commerce & Chapter Chair & founder of YPO Gujarat Chapter.

He is a member of the board of governors at IIM Rohtak. 4

VISION & MISSION OF THE COMPANY

Vision

Value maximization and wealth creation through customer satisfaction and exception in

4http://www.rajivgroup.com/aboutfounder.html

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excellence.

Mission

To achieve highest level of perceived customer satisfaction by continuous technological upgradation and in time supplies of best quality products.5

Infrastructure

Fully fledged laboratoryFully integrated IT system linked with officeERP implementation under processProfessional staff of around 15 people with techno commercial backgroundTwo automatic four colour printing machine and all auxiliary equipments Production capacity of around 7000 mt per annum.Two tape lines and 82 six shuttle lohia circular looms.Labour colony to accommodate more than 500 workers6

5 http://www,atlantis.co.in/aboutus.html

6 http://www,atlantis.co.in/infrastructure

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ORGANIZATIONAL

DESIGN

Meaning : A process in which managers develop or change their organization’s structure.

This process involves making decision about how specialized jobs should be allocated, the rules to guide employees’ behaviors, and at what level decisions are to be made.Organizational Design decisions are typically made by senior managers and might seek input from mid-level managers.

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IMPORTANCE :

- the importance of a sound organization structure can hardly be over emphasized. An organization is not merely a chart or lifeless structure. It comprises people and is the agency through which management performs function of direction, co-ordination and control.

- to know why we are group as we are.

-given the the changing environment and the need for organization to rapidly adapt, we should begin our understanding of what tomorrow’s structures may look like.

-it stimulates independent, creative thinking and initiative well-defined areas of work.7

ORGANIZATIONAL STRUCTURE

Organization is the key to the success of business. The word ‘organization’ has been derived from ‘organism’, which means a structure in which its parts are so linked that they assist the whole and become integrated parts of the whole.

7 Fundamentals of Management by Robbins S. & Decenzo D.

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Thus, organization consist of two elements:

1 its various parts

2 their relationship with the whole are interrelated8

Six Elements of structure

-work specialization: A component of organization structure that involves having each discrete step of a job done by a different individual rather than having one individual do whole job.

-chain of command: The management principle that no person should report to more than one boss.

-span of control : The number of subordinates a manager can direct efficiently and effectively.

-authority and responsibility

Authority: the rights inherent in a managerial position to give orders and expect them to be obeyed.

Responsibility : An obligation to perform assigned activities.

-centralization/decentralization

Centralization : a function of how much decision-making authority is pushed done to lower levels in an organization; the more centralized an organization is, the higher is the level at which decisions are made.

Decentralization : the pushing down of decision-making authority to the lowest levels of an organization.9

-depatmentalization : Departmentalization is the process of grouping activities into units for purpose of administration.

Types of Organizational Structure

There are different types of organizational structures and a company should choose the one that best suits their needs.

Traditional Structures

These are the structures that are based on functional division and departments. These are the kind of structures that follow the organization’s rules and procedures to the T. they are characterized by having precise authority lines for all levels in the management. Under types of structures under traditional structures are:

8 Principle of Management by Tripathi & Raddy9 Fundamentals of Management by Robbins S. & Decenzo D

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Line Structure – this is the kind of structure that has a very specific line of command. The approvals and orders in this kind of structure come from top to bottom in a line. Hence the name line structure. This kind of structure is suitable for smaller organizations like small accounting firms and law offices. This is the sort of structure that allows for easy decision making, and also very informal in nature. They have fewer departments, which makes the entire organization a very decentralized one.

Line and Staff Structure – though line structure is suitable for most organizations, especially small ones, it is not effective for larger companies. This is where the line and staff organizational structure comes into play. Line and structure combines the line structure where information and approvals come from top to bottom, with staff departments for support and specialization. Line and staff organizational structures are more centralized. Managers of line and staff have authority over their subordinates, but staff managers have no authority over line managers and their subordinates. The decision making process becomes slower in this type of organizational structure because of the layers and guidelines that are typical to it, and lets not forget the formality involved.

Functional structure – this kind of organizational structure classifies people according to the function they perform in their professional life or according to the functions performed by them in the organization. The organization chart for a functional based organization consists of Vice President, Sales department, Customer Service Department, Engineering or production department, Accounting department and Administrative department.

Divisional Structures

This is the kind of structure that is based on the different divisions in the organization. These structures can be further divided into:

Product structure – a product structure is based on organizing employees and work on the basis of the different types of products. If the company produces three different types of products, they will have three different divisions for these products.

Market Structure – market structure is used to group employees on the basis of specific market the company sells in. a company could have 3 different markets they use and according to this structure, each would be a separate division in the structure.

Geographic structure – large organizations have offices at different place, for example there could be a north zone, south zone, west and east zone. The organizational structure would then follow a zonal region structure.

Matrix Structures

This is a structure, which is a combination of function, and product structures. This combines both the best of both worlds to make an efficient organizational structure. This structure is the most complex organizational structure.10

Organizational Structure of Atlantis Product Pvt. Ltd.

In the company no particular organizational structure is followed from above mention.

Company has organizayional structure which is mixture few of them.

ORGANIZATIONAL HIERARCHY

10 http://www.buzzle.com/articles/type-of-organizational-structures.html

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Hierarchy refers to three levels of the authority in organization which starts right from the top officials (Board of directors) down to bottom level (operating workers). It is the vertical categorization in the organization structure which shows the chain of command for the enterprise.

Hierarchy includes various levels which are formed from the point of view of authority, limits and control. There are basically three levels in a management structure – top, middle and bottom. At times, the middle level is further divided into two – upper middle level and lower middle level.

Top Level

This level constitutes the Board of Directors, Managing Director, General Manager, Proprietor and other key persons. Policy related decision, long term plans, important contracts, etc. Of the unit are performed at this level which requires the application of conceptual skills.

Upper Middle Level

The heads of departments are included in this level. They have to take instruction from the chief executive and direct and guide the workers under their charge which calls for human relation skills. They from a link between top and bottom level management. This level includes different departmental heads like purchase, sales, production, etc.

Lower Middle Level

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Top Level

Middle level

Bottom level

This level includes assistance level workers, administrative staff and supritendents. The work profile mainly consist of handing the technical day to day requirements of book-keeping, record maintenance and other clerical activities of the middle level management. It also includes the one who are responsible for daily management of the line workers.

Bottom Level

This level comprises of jobbers, foremen, and workers. As the activities of the business get operated by this level, it is also knows operating level. The workers are required with technical skills as the actual factory or manufacturing work gets done at this level. In this view, the hierarchy flow of authority and responsibility is well demarcated to facilitate the efficient working of the organization and beign mutual understanding among the workers in different levels of the enterprise.11

Positive of hierarchy

+Co-ordination of different departments as well as function

+company’s goals and objectives will be clear in mind of every employees

+distribution of work as per their qualification

+ effective analysis of factors and efficient decision making are possible.

Negative of hierarchy

-wastage of time in communication

-delays in decision making process due levels

DEPARTMENTALIZATION

11 Source; Management by Robbince and Coulter

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Departmentalization is the process of grouping activities into units for purpose of administration. This calls for identification of the individual activities and grouping on logical bases for attainment of organizational objectives. The horizontal differentiation of tasks or activities into discrete segments is called departmentalization. The aim is to take advantage of the division of labor and specialization for efficient functioning.

There are several bases for departmentalization, each of which is suitable for particular corporate sizes, strategies and purposes. Departments may be found on the basis of products, customers, regions, processes, etc. Organization may also follow a combined base departmentalization.12

Function departmentalization : The Grouping Of Activities By functions Performed

One of the most popular ways to group activities is by functions performed or functional departmentalization. A manager might organize his or her plant separating engineering, accounting, information systems, human resources and purchasing specialist into departments. Functional departmentalization can be used in all types of organizations. Only functions change to reflect the organization’s objectives and activites.

Product departmentalization : The grouping of activities by product produce

Following distribution illustrate the product departmentalization method used at Bombardier Ltd., a Canadian company. Each major product area in the corporation is under the authority of a senior manager who is specialist in, and is responsible for, everything having to do with his or her product line. Another company that uses product departmentalization is L.A. gear. Its structure is based on its varied product lines, which include women’s footwear, men’s footwear and apparel and accessories. If an organization’s activities were service related, rather than product related as are those of Bombardier and L.A. Gear, each service would be autonomous grouped.

12 http://www.businessdictionary.com/definition/department

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Plant Manager

Manager, Engineering

Manager, Accounting

Manager, Information

Systems

Manager, Human

Resources

Manager, Purchasing

Customer Departmentalization : The grouping of activities by common customers

The particular type of customer the organization seeks to reach can also dicate employee grouping. The sales activities in an office supply firm, for instance, can be broken down into three departments that serve retail, wholesale, and government customers. A large law office can segment its staff on the basis of whether it serves corporate or individual clients. The assumption underlying customer departmentalization is that customers in each department have a common set of problems and needs that can best be met by specialist.

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Vise President, Fuels

Marketing

Planning and Economics

Supply and Distribution

Manufacturing

Director of Sales

Manager, Retail Acoounts

Manager, Wholesale Accounts

Manager, Government Accounts

President

Geographical Departmentalization : the grouping of activities by territory

Another way to departmentalization is on the basis of geography or territory. The sales function might have western, southern, Midwestern, and eastern region. A large school district might have six high schools to provide for each of the major geographic territories within district. If an organization’s customers are scattered over a large geographic area, this form of departmentalization cab be valuable.

Process Departmentalization : the grouping of activities by work flow

The final form of departmentalization is called Process Departmentalization, which groups activities on the basis of work flow. Following distribution represents process departmentalization by depecting the various departments in a motor vehicle department. If you have ever been to a state motor vehicle offica to get a driver’s license, you probably went through several departments before receiving your license.13

Departmentalization of ATLANTIS PRODUCTS PVT. LTD.

Company follows multiple types of departmentalization. They follows mixture of functional departmentalization and process departmentalization.

13 Fundamentals of Management by Robbins S. & Decenzo D

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Vice President for Sales

Sales Director, Western Region

Sales Director, Southern Region

Sales Director, Midwestern Region

slaes Director, Eastern Region

MVA Director

Validation Department Manager

Licensing Department Manager

Treasury Department Manager

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Managing Director

Production Manager

Extrusion

Weaving

Stiching

Finance Manager

Human Resource Manager

Marketing Manager

OPERATIONS

PLANT LOCATION

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From the viewpoint of an industrialist, location refers to the scientific choice of region and spctic site in the region which business units is to be established. An important decision which has a bearing on the efficiency of production management relates to the suitable location of plant.

While selecting a location, the chief objective of an industrial concern is to maximize profitability through the minimization of cost production. This is possible when the firm is of the right size and is located at correct place which provides economies of all kinds in production.

A very first important decision taken by an entrepreneur is about the choice of location of their business. Location is the place of selection of the site where entrepreneur are interested to establish their industry. Plant decision is vital because it is the decision, which is to be taken once in a lifetime of industry.14

Factor affecting plant location for company

There are some factors which are affecting plant location for company :

14 www.wikipedia.com

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i. Raw material The nature of raw material and its weight is of great importance in determining the transportation costs.

ii. Labor Manufacturing site can be established only other modern requirements also play a decisive role in location.

iii. Fuel and Power The availability of electricity, power and other modern requirements also plays a decisive role in location.

iv. Transportation The facilities between the point where materials are produced and the point where fiished goods are sold determinants the closeness to market. The advantage of proximity to market is felt in terms of rapid delivery, personal touch between the producers and consumers and transport costs.15

Plant location of ATLANTIS PRODUCT PVT. LTD.

Atlantis Product Pvt. Ltd.Plot no. 1207 to 1209,GIDC Estate,Dholka,Ahmedabad-387810Gujarat – india

Contact details : +91 2714 248344Website : www.atlantis.co.in

Atlantis Products Private Limited is a manufacturing facility based at Dholka, 40Km from Ahmedabad, Gujarat, covering an area of 8000 sq meters.

Location Advantages

i. Near to old plant Atlantis Product Pvt. Ltd.’s plant is next to the old plant of manufacturing woven bags of Rajiv Group i.e. Rajiv Petrochemicals Pvt. Ltd.

15 Sources; Marketing Management by Philip Kotler

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ii. Land in GIDC GIDC (Gujarat Industrial Development Corporation) gives land to industry at cheap rates and normally gives on 99 years lease.

iii. Easy Availabilty of Raw material Manufacturer of raw material for woven bags are in near by area of Dholka or in Dholka so it will be easily available and in less time.

iv. Nearer to costal region Atlantis Products Pvt ltd do export there goods and also import some raw material so its good to have there plant near to costal region.

v. Labour Availability In this plant they need unskilled labours and it is easily available at Dholka.

PRODUCT PORTFOLIO

Product portfolio refers to the complete range of all the products, items or design that a particular seller offers for sale to buyers.

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Product Portfolio of ATLANTIS PRODUCTS PVT. LTD.

i. PP Woven Bags with Valve

Used for packing of cement or any other material packed through ROTO PACKERS. Stable construction of the bags, with high tensile strength and elongation, to hold 50 Kgs of material, giving longer shelf life. Atlantis offer unlaminated as well as laminated bags with valve.

ii. PP Woven Bags with Lamination

Atlantis offers PP bags with outer lamination and printing on the lamination side to enhance the branding of the product. They offer MATT as well as MIRROR laminated surface. MATT surfaces enhances the printing matter and allows better dispersion and adhesion of inks on the surface. Printing is abrasion, scratch, nail and tape resistant.

iii. PP Woven Bags with Gusset Printing

They offer PP bags with gusset (pillow type). Bags are also printed on the gusset allowing the branding to be shown while bags are stacked horizontally also. Bags are available in laminated as well as unlaminated versions.

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iii. HDPE Woven Bags with Lamination for Fertilizers

Used extensively in India for packing of fertilizers, HDPE woven bags with lamination provide excellent UV resistance without addition of UV masterbatch. Soft in nature, easier to handle due to non-abrasive properties, these are widely used by fertilizer companies. Due to longer shelf life and resistance to UV rays, it is reused for more than 2 -3 years.

iv. BOPP Laminated Printed Bags

They offer BOPP Laminated Printed Bags with single side registration matching facilities. They are technologically sound to offer low cost BOPP laminated bags without us facing problems of peeling off which is quite prevalent in ordinary BOPP bags. They offer 6 – 8 color combination. They are in process of getting attachment on our extrusion coating line to provide both side registration matching facilities for BOPP film.

v. PP Laminated Bags with Perforation

They offer PP woven bags with perforation to allow air in laminated bags. These bags are used for various applications like packing of cement, flour, atta, maida etc.

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vi. PP Woven Fabrics

They have state of art looms to manufacture PP woven fabrics from 15’ width to 126’ width lay flat. In different combinations and mesh sizes varying from 7 x 7 up to 14 x 14 with special emphasis on cramming at the edges to avoid tape fraying. They offer standard size rolls starting from linear meter 50 (166 linear ft) to 10000 (32808 linear ft).They produce almost “0” defect fabrics. All the defects > 6’ are cut and joined with adhesive tapes to allow seamlessness in the fabric.

vii. PP/HDPE Laminated Capsule Bags

They have specialized capsule bags with top and bottom bags for packing of fibres. It is used for the bale packing of fibres. All the processes are done under total environment control to prevent any foreign particle to be left inside the bags.

viii. PP/HDPE Woven Bags with Liners

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Used for materials which are highly hydroscopic (susceptible to air, moisture and outside atmosphere). It is also used to pack finer materials like chemical powders, sugar etc. They offer liners which can withstand temperature up to 80C. They also offer perforated liners.

ix. Tarpaullins

They provide an exclusive assortment of colored tarpaulins, which are known for their striking features of high gloss finish and weather proof. These tarpaulins are used in food grains, salt, agro product and other industries for various purposes and covers. Their range of tarpaulins is available in varied sizes and dimensions that can also be customized as per the requirement of our clients.

PRODUCTION PROCESS

To produce any product we need some raw material for it and here raw materials for producing packaging bags are as follows :

i. Polypropylene Polypropylene is a polymer used as a thermoplastic molding material.-It is one of main raw material required for packaging bags.

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(1)

(2)

ii. HDPE (High-Density Polyethylene) High-Density Polyethylene is a polyethylene thermoplastic made from petroleum.- It is one of main raw material required for packaging bags.

iii. CC (Calcium Carbonate) Calcium Carbonate is a salt found in nature as chalk or calcite or aragonite or limestone.

iv. MB (Master Batch) Master Batch is a solid product (normally of plastic, rubber or elastomer) in which pigments or additives are optimally dispersed at high concentration.-It is mainly use for producing plastic of different colours.

Atlantis mainly purchase raw material from Reliance, Haldia, IPCl, IOCL and Barsel.They also import it from South Arabia.

Production process is divided into different parts which are as follows :

Production of Sheet

Weaving of Threads

Printing on Bags

Stitching of Bags

Packaging of Bags

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Production of Bags:

In the first step of producing packaging bags, different granules like Polypropylene, HDPE, CC and MB are mixed in a hopper. It is also crushed here. (1)

Then through motor mixture is driven into machine which do the work melting of mixture. It melts mixture at 210-250 degree Celsius.(2)

(4)

(3)

(6)

(5)

(7)

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Now melted material is filtered and the waste material is taken out. (3)

Then it is cooled through water and sheets are produced. It is cooled through water so that stiffness of sheet of granules is maintain.(4)

This water can be used again and again.

Weaving of Bags:

Plastic Sheet produce is cut into small threads. Size of threads is decided as per customer .(5)

Now to increase the strength of the threads it is passed through oven at 113 degree Celsius.Here starching is done from 1st goded to 2nd goded.(6)

Here threads are rolled into bobbin slips.

This bobbin slips are kept vertically and horizontally.(7)

Bobbins slips (roll) are arranged on both the sides of looms.

Then from both the sides threads are passed through circular loom. Due cross moving horizontally and vertically in circular loom threads are weaved in fabrics.(8)

One side of the loom is called waph and other side of it is called weph.

(8)

(9) Now this fabric is cut from the middle to get the shape of bag.

Printing of Bags

This part of the production process is optional means it is as per customer. If customer need printed bag then this step comes or otherwise this step is skipped.

(10) Here printing is done on the bags. Company have manual printing machine. Rubber stamp of the printing is prepared and then molded on bags. Only combination of six colour is possible.

(11)Some customer will require laminated bags which is part of this section. Lamination on bags is done through automatic machine. Here printing process will also be done.

Stitching of Bags

(12)One side of bag is stitch over here. This done through hand stitching machine.

After all this, bags are packed in a BALE. Each bale consist around 500 to 1000 bags in it.

Company produce threads around 1,50,000 kg/month i.e. around 4900-5000 kg/day.Company have 192 bobbin slips.They have 82 circular looms in the plant. And each loom produce around 3000-3500 meters of fabric in 24 hours.Cement Bags : Size – 490 mm of 10*10

DNR – 800 Weight/mr. – 73gm

Tarpaulin Bags : Size – 740 mm of 8*10DNR – 850

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Weight/mr. – 132gmCompany have 56 stitching machine which stitch around 9000 bags/day.The total production capacity of the manual plant is 150 metric tons per month.This production capacity is doubled in the automatic plant that manufactures 350 metric tons per month.The company manufacture 6.5 to 7 million bags per year.The monthly production capacity of the company is 60-70 lakhs bags each of 6-7 rs.The company started with the production of 400 tons monthly in August 2009 which has reached to 75o tons mothly in the year 2011.The company is setting up an new manufacturing industry which will have the production capacity of 250 tons per month that will lead to total capacity of 1000 tons per month.

QUALITY CONTROL

Quality control is a process employed to ensure a certain level of quality in a product or service. It is a procedure or set of procedures intended to ensure that a manufactured product or performed service adheres it a defined set of quality criteria or meets the requirements of the client or customer.

The basic goal of Quality control is to ensure that the products, services or processes provided meet specific requirements and are dependable, satisfactory and fiscally sound. It aims both at monitoring the process and at eliminating certain causes generating an unsatisfactory functioning.16

16 www.businessdictionary.com/definition/marketing.html

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Quality Control and Standard of ATLANTIS PRODUCTS PVT.LTD.

Atlantis Products Pvt. Ltd. Has the latest state of the art infrastructure, well defined

procedures and dedicated professional staff which ensures the highest quality level

even for the customers in most critical industries. They also have in-house full

fledged Laboratory with latest testing equipments to ensure the best quality of our

products. Also employees are appointed at every process to keep a check on quality.

They specially focus on :

1. Continuous customer satisfaction. 

2. Continuous improvement of their Quality Management System. 

3. The continuity of Hygiene Management System

Their constant pursuit of excellence and quality performance has enabled them to strengthen client base. Their competent infrastructural advancements have made them confident in delivering customized requirements of their clients. The following are the special features that present their quality performance and make a difference from their competitors.

The latest DUOTECH tape line of Lohia starlinger ltd with per hour melt output of 600 kgs.

It is equipped with “MAAG” pump essentially a melt pump which eliminates linear variation in tape.

DUOTECH tape line is equipped with the dosing unit capable to handle 4 different type grades at one time. It helps in homogeneous mixture of polymer and hence better quality product.

They have state of art looms equipped with wide width surface winders to produce flat fabric from 6 feet width to11 feet width. And can produce fabric within+- 5MM tolerance giving further processes possible with minimum faults

They normally produce almost zero defect fabric but to ensure 100% satisfaction to our customers we reform each rolls. Defects bigger than 6” inches are cut & joined by using adhesive tapes.

They have automatic cutting ,printing gusseting device with 4 color combinations ,online corona treatment which allows us good printability surface to have tape tested printing which is abrasion and scratch resistant.

Automatic cutting and stitching machine which ensures minimum human interface and hence giving standard size bags after bag.17

17 http://www.atlantis.co.in/infrastructure

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MARKETING

According to Philip Kotler, “marketing is the process of planning and executing the conception, prizing and promotion and distribution of ideas, goods,and service to create exchange that satisfy individual and organizational goals”. Marketing involves ‘staisfying needs and wants through an exchange processes.

The main obejective of marketing is to satisfy purchaser and seller of products and to earn profits by exchanging money in lieu of products.

Marketing Management :

The application, tracking and review of business’ marketing resources and activities. Effective marketing management will use a company’s resources to increase its customer base, improve customer opinions of the company’s products and services, and increase the company’s perceived value.18

Marketing Manager :

18 Sources; Marketing Management by Philip Kotler

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A manager whose primary task is to manage the marketing resources of a products or business. A marketing manager can be in charge of a single product or brand, or even can be general manager responsible for a broad array of products and services.

Service Marketing :

It is a marketing based on relationship and value. It may be used to market a service or a product.

The major difference in the education of service marketing versus marketing is that apart from the traditional “4 P’s” product, Price, Place, Promotion, there are three ordinals “P’.” consisting of People, Physhical Evidence, and Process.

In the common parlance it is the distribution and sale of goods and services. Marketing can be differentiated as:

1. Marketing of Products2. Marketing of Services

4 P’s OF PRODUCTS MARKETING

This “four P formula” should be used to continually evaluate and reevaluate the business activities.

Product

The best wat to sold the customer is to constanatly identify how to give them more for less, because ultimately who should design the product? The customer, of coerce as the needs and requirements of human beign are unlimited so they constantly want something more and for the company to stand in this competitive market has to always take care of customer needs and requirements and provide them best, so the companies require constant product planning.

Price

Price is the amount or services or its value that customer exchange for the benefit of having or using the product or services. The price should be properly determined, considering the competitors as the product prices affects its volume of sales. Besides price alteration in the term of discount, allowances, credit, liberal dealings, etc.

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Prizing means fixation of value promotion advertisement in monetary terms.

Place : Distribution Network

Place or physical distribution is the delivery of products at right time place. The distribution mix is the combination of decision relating to marketing channels, storage facility, inventory control, location, transportation, warehousing.

Promotion

Promotion Is the persuasive communication about the products, by the manufacturer to the public in an attempt to influence them towards buying your products? Promotional techniques such as advertising publicity, personal selling, etc. are instrumental in attar acting the customers. It is an effort to raise the sales substantially.19

4 P’s of Marketing in ATLANTIS PRODUCTS PVT. LTD.

Product

The main thing aboout this company is they use best quality raw material. They buy raw material from Reliance, Haldia and also they import some of the raw material. Company provide customized product to there customer. And large range of product.

Price

Company make long term contract with customers. Price are decided by the customer and as per it company produce bags for particular product.

Place

The main thing about place it is near to costal area. Plant in GIDC Dholka is also an advantage.

Promotion

19 http://www.marketingteacher.com/marketinglessonsmarketing.html

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Consumer

They market there product through different ways.:

Website Mouth to mouth Customers International Exhibition / Fairs

TARGET CUSTOMERS

The business earns its returns with respect to the demand of its customer and for this business has to produce as per requirements. It is considered that “ customer is the king of business” because they are the final usres. Target cab be anyone, they may be children or they may be youth or old person.

Target Customers of ATLANTIS PRODUCTS PVT. LTD.

Cement industry

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Fertilizer Food industry

COMPETITORS

All businesses face competition. Competition is a situation created by a competing business that offers a substitutes or a similar product that is made by our business unit.

Competitors of ATLANTIS PRODUCT PVT. LTD.

There are around 600 manufacturing units in this industry. Few of them are as follows :

BHAVANI PACKAGING IND.    AHMEDABAD -  INDIA MAYUR WOVENS PVT.LTD. s    GANDHI NAGAR -  INDIA RADHE POLYMERS    AHMEDABAD -  INDIA   AMBICA STITCHING WORKS    AHMEDABAD -  INDIA

EXPORTERS

An exporter is any good or commodity, transported from one country to another country in a legitimate fashion typically for use in trade. Exporter constitutes an important part of international trade.

Export of ATLANTIS PRODUCTS PVT. LTD.

Company mainly export its product to African countries, European as well as some other countries.

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Around 40% of total production of the company is exported.

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HUMAN

RESOURCE

RECRUITMENT

The process of locating, identifying and attracting capable applicants to an organization.

Necessary for securing new employees arises for many reasons. The mere passage of time causes some employee to grow older, retire, die, or become incapacitated. Seasonal and cyclical fluctuation in business causes a constant change in the work force of many companies. Expansion of business requires new men. Scientific recruitment leads to the development and maintenance of satisfied-work-force, increased production and productivity, reduced cost of production per unit of output and increase in total earnings of employees.

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Unsatisfied recruitment affects productivity and adjustment. Errors in recruitment not only damage the interest of the employer, but also that of the employees. It leads to labor turnover, excessive wastage, reduces production, affects quality adversely, brings down the total sales and ultimately leads to overall reduction in profitability.

From the social stand point, recruitment is significant because it helps in better and competent labour. Unemployed and misemployed labour means loss to the nation.

Main resources of recruitment : Advertising, trade papers, internet and internal vacancy.

Recruitment in ATLANTIS PRODUCTS PVT. LTD.

Company has 400-500 employees working. Most of the employees are semi-skilled or unskilled employees.

As per the MD of the company the main motivation for this workers is financial motivation. Company runs there unit 24 hours into two shift of 12 hours each.

SELECTION

Selection is the process by which the qualified personnel can be chosen from the application that has offered their services to the organization. The selection procedure is concerned with securing relevant information about an application. This information is secured in a number of steps. The objective of selection process is to determine weather an applicant meets the qualification for a job and to choose the application who is mostly likely to perform well in the job.

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Selection can be done by taking preliminary test that checked aptitude and personality of an applicant or assessment cetre or taking interview for checking applicants’ behavior in trying situation, or for background from reference or ensure about his or her physical strength.20

The process of screening job applicant to ensure that the most appropriate candidates are hired. An exercise in predicting which applicants, if hired, will be (or will not be) successful in performing well on criteria the organization uses to evaluate performance.

Types of selection devices

i. Application form First dource of information about potential employee. Record of applicants desired position and job-related qualification and

experiences. Both serves as pre-screening devices to help determinr whether an applicant

meets the minimum requirements of a position.

ii. Categories Test It test knowledge of the person.

iii. Written Tests Knowledge Ability Skills Intelligence Interest

iv. Performance Simulation Tests Testing an applicant’s ability to perform actual job, use required skills &

displays specific knowledge of job.

v. Work Sampling An applicant performs a task or set a tasks that are central to successful job

performance.

vi. Assessment Centres Facilities in which job candidates undergo a series of tests to evaluate their

managerial potentiality.

20 (Philip Kolter,2007)

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vii. Personality Test Judge whether a person “fits” into the organization. Goal is to hire people who already have characteristics & atiudes that are in

line with the core values of the organization & its culture. It is assumed that it is easier to teach a person the details of a job than it is to

change deep is held attitudes or to change personality characteristics.

viii. Interviews Formal, in-depth conversation.

Assess a candidate’s knowledge, skills & abilities. Provide the candidate with information about organization & potential job.

Interviews tend to have love while many a people conduct interview & few are trained how to do well & compare ability of interview results across individuals raises issues with reliability.21

Other Selection Approaches

Situational interviews : interview in which candidates are evaluated on how well they handle role play in mock scenarios.

Background investigation :

Verification of application data. Reference checks; lack validity because self-selection of references ensures only

positive outcomes.

TRAINING AND DEVELOPMENT

After having selected the most suitable person in the organization through the application of scientific techniques, the next most important function of personnel management is to arrange for their training. All types of require some type of training for the efficient perofrmnace and therefore all employees new or old should be trained. The training is an act of increasing the knowledge and skill of a worker for doing a certain job. A skill thus acquird by the employee through training is thus as asset to the organization and the employer.

21 (robeeinsen, n.d)

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Methods of Training

On the job training Vestibule training Apprentice training Internship

Training in ATLANTIS PRODUCTS PVT. LTD.

Company have most of workers unskilled so they prefer to provide ON THE JOB TRAINING to there workers.

Company provide separate colony for workers to stay next to the plant. They also provide cheap and hygienic foods in the canteen of the company.

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FINANCE

Primarily, finance means the commercial activity of providing funds and capital. Finance is the set of activities dealing with management of funds. More specifically, it is the decision of collection and use of funds. It is a branch of economics that the studies the management of money and other assets. Financial management is concerned with acquisition, utilization and allocation of funds.

Acquasion of finance is concerned with rising of funds at minimum cost from the right source as per the requirement of business. Short term and long term sources are available to reuse finance.

Proper utilization of funds is neede to ensure that the business goes on smoothly and that the company is able to grow on its own resources generated through surplus.

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Finance is the life blood for any business. It is inevitable for the establishment, growth, expansion and renovation of business.22

CAPITAL STRUCTURE

Finance also includes capital. The term capital refers to the total investment of a company in money, tangible assets like building, etc. it is in a way the total wealth of a company. Just as machine requires oiling to keep working, capital is like lubricant oil for business to carry out economic activities.

A company’s proportion of short and long-term debt is considered when analyzing capital structure. When people refer to capital structure they are most likely referring to firm’s debt-to-eqity ratio, which provides insight into how risky a company. Usually a

22 http://www.investopedia.com/terms/f/financialmanagement

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company more heavily financed by debt poses greater risk, as firm is relatively highly levered.

Their analysis was extended to include the effect of taxes and risky debt. Under a classical tax system, the tax deductibility of interest makes debt financing valuable; that is the cost of capital decreases as the proportion of debt in capital resources increases. The optimal structure then would be to have virtually no equity at all.23

Capital Structure of ATLANTIS PRODUCTS PVT. LTD.

Company has capital of US $ 6.80 crore(around Rs.340 crore). There turnover is around Rs. 60 crore per year.

BASIC RATIOS

There are some basic ratios that the ability to meet short term obligation, inventories or turn over. Its efficiency at the level of sales an asset, generating different products, and al last organization’s profits.

Liquidity Ratio Analysis

Liquidity ratio is prerequisite for the very survival of a firm. A proper balance between liquidity and profitability is required for efficient financial management. Liquidity ratios measure the ability of a firm to meet its short term obligations and reflect the short term solvency of a firm. Utilization of the funds of the firm, liquidity implies that funds are idle or they earn very little.

23 ibdi

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Capital Structure

Debt

Secured LoansUnsecured

Loans

Promoter's Funds

Current Assets

Current Liabilities

Here, two types of liquidity ratios are mentioned :

-Current Ratio

-Quick Ratio

i. Current Ratio

Current ratio is the ratio of total current assets to current liabilities. It measures company’s ability to meet its short term obligations. It establishes the relationship between current assets and current liabilities. Generally, ideal current ratio is 2:1 that means for every Re.1 of current liabilities company has Rs.2 of current assets.

Current ratio =

ii. Quick Ratio

Quick ratio is ratio between quick assets and current liabilities. It test liquidity more accurately when inventories turn over slowly or are different to sell. It used to measure firm’s ability to pay its short term obligations. It also indicates how much in form of cash and case equivalent company has to pay its short term obligations.

Ideal quick ratio is 1:1 i.e. every Re.1 of current liabilities there is Re.1 of quick assets. Quick assets=current liabilities – inventories

Quick Ratio =

Leverage ratio analysis

Leverage ratios are also known as capital structure ratios. It may be difined as financial ratios which light on the long term solvency of the firm as reflected in its ability to assure the long term solvency of the firm as reflectd in its ability to assure the long term lenders. These ratios indicate the proportion of owner’s capital to outside debts or the proportion of fixed income bearing securities to equity capital are know as leverage ratio.

Here, there are 3 leverage ratios :

-Debt-equity ratio

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Quick Assets

Current Liabilities

Total assets

Long term debt

-Total assets to debt ratio

-Proprietory Ratio

i. Debt-equity Ratio

The relationship of borrowed funds and owners capital which is popular measure of long term financial solvency is shown by Debt-Equity Ratio. This indicates the relative proportions of debt and equity in financing asstes of a firm. It shows the proportion of long term external and internal equities. The higher the ratio, the more leverage the organization.

Debt-Equity Ratio =

Total debt = long term liabilities

Net worth = share capital + reserve and surplus – fictitious assets

ii. Total Assets to Debt Ratio

This ratio shows the relationship between total assets and long term debts. This ratio measures the proportion of the firm’s total assets that are financed by long term debts. Long term debts include debentures, bonds and loans from financial institutions.

Total Assets to Debt Ratio =

iii. Proprietory Ratio

It is the ratio between shareholders’ funds and total assets. This ratio shows the proportion of total assets of a business financed by shareholders’ fund. This ratio can be used to ascertain the solvency and financial stability of the firm in long run. A high proprietory ratio is an indication of large degree of security to the lenders and low proprietory ratio represents more use of long term debts in financing total assets of the business.

Proprietory ratio =

Profitably ratio analysis

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Total debt

Net worth

Shareholders’ funds

Total assets

Net profit

Sales

Profit is the main obejective of any business enterprises. Besides profitability is measure of efficiency. The owners invest their funds in the expectation of receiving reasonable return and so, profitability is important from their point of view.

Here, there are 2 profitability ratios :

i. Gross Profit ratio

It is a ratio expressing relationship between gross profit and net sales of business. This ratio is usually expressed as a percentage. It shows the difference between sales and cost of sales. The ratio shows whether the markup obtained on the cost of production is sufficient. The high ratio implies that the cost of production is very low or that purchases are made at very low cost.

Gross profit ratio =

ii. Net Profit Ratio

It is the most important of all revenue ratios as it includes the ulitimate profitability of the company. This ratio is useful to the shareholders for knowing the earning per share and to investors in judging the prospectus of return on their investments. Higher ratio indicated higher profitability. This ratio measures the relationship between profit and sales of the firm. It indicates management ability to operate the business with sufficient success.24

Net profit =

24 ibdi

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Gross profit

Sales * 100

* 100

SOCIAL

RESPONSIBILITY

The World Business Counsil for Sustainable Dvelopment in its publication “ making good business sense” by Lods Holmes and Watts used the following definition “Corporate Social Responsibility is the continuing commitment by business to behave ethically and contribute to economic development while improving the quality of life of the work force and their families as well as of local community and society at large.”

The same report gave some evidence of the different perception of what this should mean from a number of different societies across the world. Definition as “CSR is about capacity building for sustainable development livelihoods. It respects cultural difference and finds the business opportunities in building the skills of employees, the community and the government” from Ghana, through to “CSR is about business giving back to society” from the Phillipines.

Traditionally in United States, CSR has been defined much more in terms of a philanthropic model. Companies make profits. Unhindered ecept by fulfilling their duties to pay taxes.

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Then they donate certain share of the profits to charitable causes. It is to be seen as training the act for the company to receive any benefit from the giving.

But as with any process based on the collective activities of communities of human being threes is no “one size fit all”. In different countries, there will be different priorities and values that will shape how business act. And even the observation above is changing over time. The US has growing numbers of people looking towards core business issues.

For instance, CSR definition used by business for social responsibility is “operating a business is a manner that meets or exceeds the ethical, legal, commercial and public expectations that society has of business.25

Social Responsibility by ATLANTIS PRODUCTS PVT. LTD.

They provide colony to workers to stay near to the unit.They provide cheap and hygienic food to workers.They organize blood donation camps.Rajiv Vastupal is Largest donor to Ahmedabad Management Association of Rs.50.00 Lacs for J.B. Auditorium.Mr. Rajiv is a Trustee of Homeopathic Trust since 1987 onwards, which has the largest number of patients in the world     and details are with Authority of Guinness Book of World records as well as Limca Book of Records. Total patients     treated are approximately 29,00,000. The major speed has come after Mr. Rajiv took over the chairmanship of the     Trust.

25 http://www.mallenbanker.net/csr/definition.php

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AWARDS &

ACHIEVEMENTS

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Rajiv Group’s Achievements

Largest Agency House in Polymers & PetrochemicalsLargest Agency House in Electrical Switchgear.Won more than 20 awards for best performance from various principals.

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CONCLUSION

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SWOT ANALYSIS

Strength :

Rajiv Group is largest agency house in Gujarat.Had experience of 30 years in business.Opening new plant in lessthan one and half years.

Weaknesses :

Price of the product is mostly decided by customer.

Opportunities :

To diversify business into packaging bags which are environment friendly.To increase the sale in international markets.

Threats :

Increasing competitorsStrict laws of Governments regarding environment and hygiene.Fluctuations in price of raw material.

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BIBLIOGRAPHY

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www.articleclick.com www.rajivgroup.com www.atlantis.co.in Fundamentals of Management by Robbins S. & Decenzo D. Principle of Management by Tripathi & Raddy Source; Management by Robbince and Coulter www.businessdictionary.com www.wikipedia.com Marketing Management by Philip Kotler www.marketingteacher.com robeeinsen, n.d. www.investopedia.com www.mallenbanker.net

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