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Page 1: Presidents of the Philippines Glenn

Presidents of the Presidents of the PhilippinesPhilippines

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Emilio AguinaldoEmilio Aguinaldo

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Emilio Aguinaldo y Famy (March 22, 1869 – February Emilio Aguinaldo y Famy (March 22, 1869 – February 6, 1964) 6, 1964) Aguinaldo became the Philippines' first President. He Aguinaldo became the Philippines' first President. He was also the youngest (at age 29) to have become the was also the youngest (at age 29) to have become the country's president, and the longest-lived (having country's president, and the longest-lived (having survived to age 94).survived to age 94).The insurgent First Philippine Republic was formally The insurgent First Philippine Republic was formally established with the proclamation of the Malolos established with the proclamation of the Malolos Constitution  on January 21, 1899 in Malolos, Constitution  on January 21, 1899 in Malolos, Bulacan and endured until the capture of Emilio Bulacan and endured until the capture of Emilio Aguinaldo by the American Forces on March 23, 1901 Aguinaldo by the American Forces on March 23, 1901 in Palanan, Isabela which effectively dissolved the in Palanan, Isabela which effectively dissolved the First Republic.First Republic.

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Manuel QuezonManuel Quezon

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Manuel Luis Quezon y MolinaManuel Luis Quezon y Molina  

(August 19, 1878 in Baler, Tayabas, Philippines – August 1, (August 19, 1878 in Baler, Tayabas, Philippines – August 1, 1944 in Saranac Lake, New York, United States) 1944 in Saranac Lake, New York, United States)

The first Filipino president of the Commonwealth of The The first Filipino president of the Commonwealth of The Philippines under U.S. colonial rule in the first half of the 20th Philippines under U.S. colonial rule in the first half of the 20th century. He is considered by most Filipinos to have been the century. He is considered by most Filipinos to have been the second President of the Philippines, after Emilio Aguinaldo. second President of the Philippines, after Emilio Aguinaldo. He has the distinction of being the first Senate President He has the distinction of being the first Senate President elected to the presidency, the first president elected through elected to the presidency, the first president elected through a national election, and the first incumbent to secure re-a national election, and the first incumbent to secure re-election (for a partial second term, later extended, due to election (for a partial second term, later extended, due to amendments to the 1935 Constitution). He is known as the amendments to the 1935 Constitution). He is known as the "Father of the "Father of the National LanguageNational Language". ".

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José Paciano Laurel y GarcíaJosé Paciano Laurel y García

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José Paciano Laurel y García (March 9, 1891 – José Paciano Laurel y García (March 9, 1891 – November 6, 1959) was the president of the November 6, 1959) was the president of the Japanese-sponsored Republic of The Japanese-sponsored Republic of The Philippines during World War II, from 1943 to Philippines during World War II, from 1943 to 1945.1945.

Laurel was not subsequently officially Laurel was not subsequently officially recognized as a Philippine president until the recognized as a Philippine president until the administration of Diosdado Macapagal.administration of Diosdado Macapagal.

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Sergio OsmeñaSergio Osmeña

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Sergio Osmeña y SuicoSergio Osmeña y Suico (September 9, 1878 –  (September 9, 1878 – October 19, 1961) was the second President of October 19, 1961) was the second President of the Commonwealth. He was Vice President the Commonwealth. He was Vice President under Manuel L. Quezon, and rose to the under Manuel L. Quezon, and rose to the presidency upon Quezon's death in 1944. He presidency upon Quezon's death in 1944. He was a founder of Nacionalista Party.was a founder of Nacionalista Party.Osmeña is the patriarch of the Osmeña is the patriarch of the prominent Osmeña, which includes his son prominent Osmeña, which includes his son (former Senator Sergio Osmeña .) and his (former Senator Sergio Osmeña .) and his grandsons (senators Sergio Osmeña grandsons (senators Sergio Osmeña III and John Henry Osmeña), ex-governor (Lito III and John Henry Osmeña), ex-governor (Lito Osmeña and Cebu City mayor Tomas Osmeña).Osmeña and Cebu City mayor Tomas Osmeña).

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Manuel RoxasManuel Roxas

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Manuel Acuña RoxasManuel Acuña Roxas (January 1,  (January 1, 1892 – April 15, 1948) was the first 1892 – April 15, 1948) was the first president of the president of the independent Republic of the independent Republic of the Philippines. He served as president Philippines. He served as president from the granting of independence in from the granting of independence in 1946 until his abrupt death in 1948. 1946 until his abrupt death in 1948. His term as Philippine president is His term as Philippine president is also the shortest; 1 year 10 months also the shortest; 1 year 10 months and 18 days. and 18 days.

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Elpidio QuirinoElpidio Quirino

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Elpidio Quirino's six years as Elpidio Quirino's six years as president were marked by notable president were marked by notable postwar reconstruction, general postwar reconstruction, general economic gains, and increased economic gains, and increased economic aid from the United States. economic aid from the United States. Basic social problems, however, Basic social problems, however, particularly in the rural areas, particularly in the rural areas, remained unsolved, and his remained unsolved, and his administration was tainted by administration was tainted by widespread graft and corruption widespread graft and corruption

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Ramon MagsaysayRamon Magsaysay

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Ramon del Fierro Magsaysay (August 31, 1907 - Ramon del Fierro Magsaysay (August 31, 1907 - March 17, 1957) was the third President of the March 17, 1957) was the third President of the Third Republic of the Philippines from December Third Republic of the Philippines from December 30, 1953 until his death in a plane crash in 1975. 30, 1953 until his death in a plane crash in 1975. He was elected President under the banner of He was elected President under the banner of the Nacionalista party.the Nacionalista party.

In the Election of 1953, Magsaysay was In the Election of 1953, Magsaysay was decisively elected president over the decisively elected president over the incumbent Elpidio Quirino. He was sworn into incumbent Elpidio Quirino. He was sworn into office wearing the Barong Tagalog, a first by a office wearing the Barong Tagalog, a first by a Philippine president. Philippine president.

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Carlos P. GarciaCarlos P. Garcia

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Carlos Polístico GarcíaCarlos Polístico García (November  (November 4, 1896 – June 14, 1971) was a 4, 1896 – June 14, 1971) was a Filipino teacher, poet, orator, lawyer, Filipino teacher, poet, orator, lawyer, public official, and guerrilla leader. He public official, and guerrilla leader. He became the 8became the 8thth President of the P President of the P Philippines known for his "Filipino Philippines known for his "Filipino First" policy, which put the interests of First" policy, which put the interests of the Filipino people above those of the Filipino people above those of foreigners and of the ruling party. foreigners and of the ruling party.

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Diosdado Pangan MacapagalDiosdado Pangan Macapagal

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Diosdado Pangan MacapagalDiosdado Pangan Macapagal (September 28, 1910  (September 28, 1910 – April 21, 1997) was the 9th President of the – April 21, 1997) was the 9th President of the Philippines, 9th  Vice President of the Philippines Philippines, 9th  Vice President of the Philippines serving from 1961 to 1965, and the , serving from serving from 1961 to 1965, and the , serving from 1957 to 1961. He is labeled as the 1957 to 1961. He is labeled as the Poor boy from Poor boy from LubaoLubao, , Champion of the Common ManChampion of the Common Man and  and The The IncorruptibleIncorruptible. .

In the 1961 Presidential Election, Macapagal ran In the 1961 Presidential Election, Macapagal ran against Garcia's re-election bid, promising an end to against Garcia's re-election bid, promising an end to corruption and appealing to the electorate as a corruption and appealing to the electorate as a common man from humble beginnings He defeated common man from humble beginnings He defeated the incumbent president with a 55% to 45% the incumbent president with a 55% to 45% margin. His inauguration as president took place on margin. His inauguration as president took place on December 30, 1961December 30, 1961. .

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Ferdinand MarcosFerdinand Marcos

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Ferdinand Emmanuel Edralin MarcosFerdinand Emmanuel Edralin Marcos (September  (September 11, 1917 – September 28, 1989) was President of the 11, 1917 – September 28, 1989) was President of the Philippines from 1965 to 1986. He was a lawyer, Philippines from 1965 to 1986. He was a lawyer, member of the Philippine house of member of the Philippine house of Representative (1949–1959) Representative (1949–1959)

A member of the Philippine Senate (1959–1965). He A member of the Philippine Senate (1959–1965). He was Senate President in 1963. He claimed that was Senate President in 1963. He claimed that during World War II he had been the leader of during World War II he had been the leader of Ang Ang Maharlika,Maharlika, a guerrilla force in northern Luzon. a guerrilla force in northern Luzon.

As Philippine president and strongman, his greatest As Philippine president and strongman, his greatest achievement was in the fields of infrastructure achievement was in the fields of infrastructure development and international diplomacy. However, development and international diplomacy. However, his administration was marred by his administration was marred by massive authoritarian corruption, despotism, massive authoritarian corruption, despotism, nepotism, political repression, and human rights nepotism, political repression, and human rights violations. He benefited from a large personality cult in violations. He benefited from a large personality cult in the Philippines during his regime. the Philippines during his regime.

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Corazon AquinoCorazon Aquino

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Maria Corazon "Cory" Sumúlong Cojuangco Maria Corazon "Cory" Sumúlong Cojuangco AquinoAquino (January 25, 1933 – August 1, 2009)  (January 25, 1933 – August 1, 2009) was the 11th President of the Phillipines and was the 11th President of the Phillipines and the first woman to hold that office. Aquino was the first woman to hold that office. Aquino was also the first popularly and democratically-also the first popularly and democratically-elected female president and head of state in elected female president and head of state in Asia. She is best remembered for leading the Asia. She is best remembered for leading the 1986 EDSA People Power Revolution, which 1986 EDSA People Power Revolution, which toppled the authoritarian regime of the late toppled the authoritarian regime of the late strongman Ferdinand Marcos and restored strongman Ferdinand Marcos and restored democracy in the Philippines. democracy in the Philippines.

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Fidel V. RamosFidel V. Ramos

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Fidel "Fidel "EddieEddie" Valdez Ramos" Valdez Ramos (born March 18,  (born March 18, 1928), popularly known as FVR, was the 121928), popularly known as FVR, was the 12thth President Of the Philippines from 1992 to 1998. President Of the Philippines from 1992 to 1998. During his six years in office, Ramos was During his six years in office, Ramos was widely credited and admired by many for widely credited and admired by many for revitalizing and renewing international revitalizing and renewing international confidence in the Philippine economy.confidence in the Philippine economy.

Prior to his election as president, Ramos Prior to his election as president, Ramos served in the Cabinet of President Corazon served in the Cabinet of President Corazon Aquino first as chief-of-staff of the Armed Aquino first as chief-of-staff of the Armed Forces of the Philippines (AFP) and, later on, Forces of the Philippines (AFP) and, later on, as Secretary of National Defense from 1986 to as Secretary of National Defense from 1986 to 1991.1991.

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Joseph EstradaJoseph Estrada

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Joseph "Erap" EstradaJoseph "Erap" Estrada (born  (born Jose Marcelo Jose Marcelo EjercitoEjercito on April 19, 1937) was the 13 on April 19, 1937) was the 13thth President of the Philippines, serving from 1998 President of the Philippines, serving from 1998 until his ouster in the 2001 EDSA Revolution.until his ouster in the 2001 EDSA Revolution.

Estrada gained popularity as a film actor, Estrada gained popularity as a film actor, playing the lead role in over 100 films in an playing the lead role in over 100 films in an acting career spanning 33 years. He leveraged acting career spanning 33 years. He leveraged his popularity as an actor to make gains in his popularity as an actor to make gains in politics, serving as mayor of San Juan for politics, serving as mayor of San Juan for seventeen years, as Senator for one term, then seventeen years, as Senator for one term, then as Vice President of the Philippines under the as Vice President of the Philippines under the administration of President Fidel V. Ramosadministration of President Fidel V. Ramos

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Gloria Macapagal ArroyoGloria Macapagal Arroyo

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Maria Gloria Macapagal-ArroyoMaria Gloria Macapagal-Arroyo (born April 5,  (born April 5, 1947) is the fourteenth and current President of 1947) is the fourteenth and current President of the Philippines. Arroyo is the country's second the Philippines. Arroyo is the country's second female (after Corazon Aquino) and second female (after Corazon Aquino) and second longest serving (after Ferdinand Marcos) longest serving (after Ferdinand Marcos) president, she is also the daughter of late president, she is also the daughter of late former Philippine President Diosdado former Philippine President Diosdado MacapagalMacapagal

A professor of economics, Arroyo entered A professor of economics, Arroyo entered government in 1987, serving as assistant government in 1987, serving as assistant secretary and undersecretary of secretary and undersecretary of the Department of trade and Industry upon the the Department of trade and Industry upon the invitation of President Corazon Aquino. invitation of President Corazon Aquino.