presenting spatial data: whats so spatial about spatial?
TRANSCRIPT
Presenting Spatial DataWhat’s So Spatial About it?
Putting Yourself in My Place:Space, Place and Pattern
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25 February 2014
No Lecture Next Week 4 MarchWill see you on 11 March
Did Anyone Happen to Try?: UnBuilding Grand Central Station
So … browsing the gallery: !
"Visual Complexity"
Visual ComplexityGood Examples?? Inspiring Ideas?? !
Complexity? Patterns? Aethetics versus Clarity Can you visualise too much? What complications does the move into the visual realm introduce?
Minard x 2 New is Cool …but old classics rule!
Minard - Wheat and Exports
Snow
"Digitization makes the most traditional forms of humanistic scholarship more necessary, not less.
But the differences mean that we need to reinvent, not reaffirm, the way we engage with the humanities."
Can We Understand Place without Space‣ Need a wee bit of
background in Geospace !
‣ More than GIS ‣ Geovisualisation? ‣ Geoparsing? ‣ Georeference ‣ Geoparse ‣ Geotag
‣ Geocode ‣ Geolocate ‣ GPS ‣ GIS ‣ Projection ‣ Geovisualisation
Georeferencing‣ Identify a place in space ‣ Usually a minimum
of Longitude, Latitude, Altitude
Geoparsing‣ Identifying an entity
as a place as opposedto another type withina body of text;
‣ To assign geographicidentifiers to wordsand phrases inunstructured content
‣ Useful Services: Metacarta / Calais / CalaisFull
Geotagging‣ Add geographical
reference informationto media such asphotographs, video,websites, blogposting, etc.
Geocoding‣ The process of finding geographic coordinates from
address data ‣ Reverse Geocoding
Geolocating‣ Assessing the location of a real world object based on IP-
address, or mobile connection to the internet
Global Positioning Systems (GPSs)‣ Series of US Defense Department Satellites in Orbit that
allow for accurate positioning in three dimensions ‣ Additional services available from GLONAS (Russia) and
emerging GALILEO (Europe) and COMPASS (China)
Geovisualisation‣ The use of geographical representation to allow for
analysis, decision-making and presentation
Geographic Information Systems (GIS)‣ GIS can display spatial data hidden in
tables and databases ‣ Create detailed and intelligent maps ‣ Integrate data to reveal trends and
relationships that bring newperspectives to previously held beliefsabout people and places
‣ Research questions in the humanitiesoften involve a spatial component thatonly GIS can expose
Geospatial Data Standards‣ KML ‣ GML ‣ GeoRSS ‣ GPSX ‣ Boundary File/Shapefile
Keyhole Markup Language (KML)‣ A language for the visualisation
of geographic information ‣ Placemarks ‣ Ground Overlays ‣ Paths ‣ Polygons ‣ Styles ‣ Google Earth ‣ Can be embedded in TEI
KML Object Model
Geographic Markup Langauge (GML)‣ Adopted by the Open Geospatial Consortium (OGC) ‣ Can be embedded in TEI
GML‣ Feature ‣ Geometry ‣ Coordinate Reference
System ‣ Topology ‣ Time ‣ Dynamic feature Coverage ‣ Unit of measure ‣ Directions
‣ Observations ‣ Map presentation styling
rules
Place and the TEI‣ Guidelines found in 13.2.3 Place Names and 13.3.4 Places
in P5 ‣ First concerns naming of place (duh!) and the second the
locating of the place in space (a little more complex) ‣ Placename ‣ <placeName @type/> or <geogName @type/> ‣ Place ‣ <place><placeName @type><location><geo/></location></
placename></place>
Place Naming‣ placeName contains an absolute or relative place name
to a geo-political reference. ‣ <placeName/ @key>
‣ eg. ‣ <placeName key=”FO-01”>
<settlement type=””town”>OFFOY </settlement> <country type=”nation”>France </country></placeName>
Place Naming‣ geogName contains an absolute or relative reference to a
geographic feature. ‣ <geogName/ @key @type> ‣ eg. ‣ <geogName key=”R01” type=”River”>
<name>Somme</name> <geogFeature>River</geogFeature></geogName>
Locating a Place‣ place contains direct reference to the location of a place. ‣ eg.
‣ <place key=”offoy” type=”Town”> <placeName notBefore=”1450”>OFFOY</placeName> <location><geo> <kml:Placemark id=”OFF-01”> <kml:Point> <kml:coordinates>49.7634,3.0115 </kml:coordinates></kml:Point> </kml:Placemark></geo></location</place>
Complicating Considerations‣ Specifying a Coordinate System (default: WGS84)
‣ Otherwise use GeoDecl in TEI Header ‣ Dealing with places with different names at different
times ‣ <placeName notAfter="0056">Lugdunum</placeName> ‣ <placeName notBefore="1400">Lyon</placeName>
‣ Dealing with relative locations ‣ <offset> or <measure>
‣ Specifying a GML and KML within the TEI ‣ <geo><kml:Placemark/></geo>
Temporality and the TEI‣ Referenced in 13.3.6 of P5
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‣ The TEI Date ‣ <date @type @when/> where YYYY-MM-DD ‣ <time @type @when/> where HH:MM:SS
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‣ The TEI Event ‣ <event @key @when/><label/><description/><placeName/>
Encoding a Date‣ date contains reference to a date in
any format. ‣ eg.
<date when=”1918-01-06” type=”Occassion”> 6 January 1918</date>
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‣ dates can be relative: ‣ eg.
<date when="--12-02"> <date>A week</date> <offset>before</offset> <date when="--12-09"> <date type="occasion">my birthday </date> on <date>9th December </date></date></date>
Encoding a Time‣ Time contains reference to a specific granular time of day. ‣ eg.
<time when=”13:45:00” type=”twentyfourHour”> a quarter of two</time>
Complicating Considerations‣ Don’t specify accuracy that doesn’t exist
‣ If a day missing from a date use “--” or extra seconds “00” ‣ Deal with other formats in transformation ‣ Dealing with relative time and date
‣ <offset>
Events Tie together Place and Time‣ event contains contains data relating to any kind of
significant event associated with a person or place. ‣ <event/ @when @type> ‣ eg.
<event type="battle" when="1918-03-21"> <label>German Spring Offensive</label> <placeName> <region>Northern France</region> </placeName></event>
Keyhole Markup Language KML‣ As I mentioned earlier it’s a language for the visualisation
of geographic information ‣ There’s many entities that we can define in KML, we will
focus on places --> Placemarks ‣ Ground Overlays, Paths, Polygons, Styles ‣ All of which can be embedded in TEI
KML and Precise Place and Time‣ <placemark/> ‣ <name/> ‣ <description/> ‣ <point> ‣ <coordinates/> ‣ <timeStamp/> ‣ <timeSpan/> ‣ <when/> ‣ <begin/><end/> ‣ <Folder/> ‣ <Document/>
Places to Visit‣ Recipes: GIS Cookbook ‣ Reference for KML: KML Tutorial ‣ Standards: Open Geospatial Consortium ‣ News: Slashgeo ‣ Online Tutorial: MapSchool
How to Use Palladio
How to Use ARCGIS Online
for Next Lecture (11 March): Presenting Complex Data Objects
Please take a look at: !
How Collaboration Works and How it Can Fail DH Contribution to Topic Modeling
Thank [email protected] @iridium