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Page 1: Presenteeism

• Presenteeism

https://store.theartofservice.com/the-presenteeism-toolkit.html

Page 2: Presenteeism

Presenteeism

1 'Presenteeism' is the act of attending work while sick. A topic that is at times

considered its opposite, absenteeism, has historically received extensive attention

in the management sciences, but presenteeism has only recently found a place in the research literature.Johns, G. (2010): Presenteeism in the Workplace: A review and research agenda. Journal of Organizational Behavior, 31, 519-542.

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Page 3: Presenteeism

Presenteeism - Definitions

1 In other words, when defined as coming to work while sick,

presenteeism seems to relate more to logical outcome variables and

correlates.

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Page 4: Presenteeism

Presenteeism - Definitions

1 Therefore, simply viewing presenteeism as a negative act that

leads to productivity loss and decreased health may be restricting potential analysis of the construct.

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Page 5: Presenteeism

Presenteeism - Relationship with absenteeism

1 In some cases, scholars relate presenteeism to absenteeism, which is the tendency not

to show up for scheduled work. Furthermore, Johns described the notion

that some believe that factors that reduce absenteeism will increase presenteeism. He stated, however, that this is plausible but

not always the case because he pointed out that Aronsson et al. found high rates of

presenteeism in industries where absenteeism was also high.

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Page 6: Presenteeism

Presenteeism - Relationship with absenteeism

1 Commenting on such research behavior, Johns said in his review of

the literature that researchers should not infer presenteeism from

absenteeism data

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Page 7: Presenteeism

Presenteeism - Temporary and permanent employment

1 Sickness presenteeism: Prevalence, attendance-pressure factors, and an

outline of a model for research

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Page 8: Presenteeism

Presenteeism - Temporary and permanent employment

1 Association of contractual and subjective job insecurity with

sickness presenteeism among public sector employees

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Page 9: Presenteeism

Presenteeism - Occupations and work environments

1 Outside of education and healthcare, most of the occupations had lower

rates of presenteeism; however, the results did suggest that higher risks

jobs, which had more physical workload and stress (biology)|stress, saw increased levels of presenteeism

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Page 10: Presenteeism

Presenteeism - Occupations and work environments

1 Furthermore, workers often had few other employment options, which

often resulted in increased presenteeism.

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Page 11: Presenteeism

Presenteeism - Ease of replacement

1 Presenteeism among resident physicians

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Page 12: Presenteeism

Presenteeism - Workloads and job demands

1 Present but sick: A three-wave study on job demands, presenteeism and burnout

https://store.theartofservice.com/the-presenteeism-toolkit.html

Page 13: Presenteeism

Presenteeism - Workaholism

1 In addition to their high levels of presenteeism, Schaufeli et al

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Page 14: Presenteeism

Presenteeism - Performance-based self-esteem

1 This finding suggested that demanding work environments could

interact with employees’ overambitious work styles, which

could result in over performance and increased levels of presenteeism.

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Page 15: Presenteeism

Presenteeism - Health factors

1 Certain health factors serve as risk factors for presenteeism as opposed to absenteeism.

Boles, Pelletier, and Lynch examined a variety of emotional and physical health symptoms

and noted that the odds of reporting presenteeism were largest for those with high

stress compared to those without stress.Boles, M., Pelletier, B., Lynch, W.

(2004). The relationship between health risks and work productivity. Journal of Occupational

and Environmental Medicine, 46, 737–745.

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Page 16: Presenteeism

Presenteeism - Health factors

1 Those with poor diet and less emotional fulfillment also reported higher levels of presenteeism than those without these conditions. The researchers noted that

individuals with diabetes tended to report higher levels of absenteeism as opposed to

those without the condition. Individuals who partook in no physical activity were more

prone to report higher levels of both absenteeism and presenteeism compared to those who took part in some physical activity.

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Page 17: Presenteeism

Presenteeism - Productivity loss

1 Employee health and presenteeism: A

systematic review

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Page 18: Presenteeism

Presenteeism - Productivity loss

1 Presenteeism can also have an effect on occupational injuries for workers. A 2012

study from the National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health showed that workers with access to paid sick leave were

28% less likely overall to suffer nonfatal injuries than workers without access to paid

sick leave.Asfaw, A., Cryan, R., Rosa, R.(2012). Paid sick leave and nonfatal

occupational injuries. American Journal of Public Health, 102(9), e59-e64.

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Page 19: Presenteeism

Presenteeism - Poor health and exhaustion

1 found that presenteeism

resulted in increased

exhaustion.https://store.theartofservice.com/the-presenteeism-toolkit.html

Page 20: Presenteeism

Presenteeism - Measurement of presenteeism and its impact on productivity

1 The responses, however, were on a scale of spells of one day

presenteeism, spells of 2-4 day presenteeism, and spells of 5 day or more presenteeism.Munir, F., Yarker,

J., Haslam, C., Long, H., Leka, S., Griffeths, A., Cox, C

https://store.theartofservice.com/the-presenteeism-toolkit.html

Page 21: Presenteeism

Presenteeism - Measurement of presenteeism and its impact on productivity

1 Stanford Presenteeism Scale: Health status and employee productivity

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Page 22: Presenteeism

Presenteeism - Implications for practice

1 These organizations, however, must be aware that the effects of these programs may have an immediate

impact on presenteeism as opposed to simply absenteeism

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Page 23: Presenteeism

Presenteeism - Future directions and research

1 Specifically, how does presenteeism relate to telework? Is an individual who works from home while he or

she is sick exhibiting presenteeism?

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Page 24: Presenteeism

Non-communicable disease - Absenteeism and presenteeism

1 The cost due to presenteeism is likely even larger, although methods of

analyzing the economic impacts of presenteeism are still being

developed

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