This project has been funded with support from the European Commission. This publication reflects the views only This project has been funded with support from the European Commission. This publication reflects the views only of the author, and the Commission cannot be held responsible for any use which may be made of the information of the author, and the Commission cannot be held responsible for any use which may be made of the information

contained therein.contained therein.

ŞCOALA GIMNAZIALĂ ,,GEORGE VOEVIDCA”Câmpulung Moldovenesc, România

November 2012

PARTENERIAT ŞCOLAR MULTILATERAL COMENIUS

,,MULTIGHID EUROPEAN”

COMENIUS MULTILATERAL SCHOOL PARTNERSHIP

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The Folk Costume Specific to the Ethnographical

Region of Câmpulung Moldovenesc

Women’sWomen’s folk costumefolk costume

The shirtThe shirt (ie) (ie) is a very important clothing item with is a very important clothing item with women and it has a unique specific nature. The women and it has a unique specific nature. The lower part of the sleeves as well as the collar are lower part of the sleeves as well as the collar are elegantly adorned with ancient patterns calledelegantly adorned with ancient patterns called “ “pui pui bătrâneştibătrâneşti””..

These embroideries were named the shepherd’s hook, the little star, the wether’s horns, the priest’s purse, etc.

The chromatic of the shirts worn in this region is very well balanced, the dominant colours being black, brown, yellow, purple and green. Women used to weave their shirts at a loom, using linseed threads to make shirts meant to be worn at holidays and hemp threads to make shirts meant to be worn at work.

Another important and significant clothing item is the peasant skirt (catrinţa, also called priştoare or pregitoare in Romanian), made of wool woven in four threads at the loom.

The peasant skirt is wrapped around the waist and held by means of a girdle (bârneţ).

The footwear is The footwear is represented by the so represented by the so called peasant sandals or called peasant sandals or traditional shoes (traditional shoes (opinciopinci) ) made of cow skin; people made of cow skin; people would also make them would also make them from pig skin, but these from pig skin, but these sandals were worn only sandals were worn only when working the land. when working the land. The peasant sandals are The peasant sandals are tight to the leg by means tight to the leg by means of some long strings or of some long strings or cords (cords (nojiţenojiţe) ) made of made of horse hair. horse hair.

The socks (The socks (colţuniicolţunii) were ) were made only of white wool made only of white wool and five needles were used and five needles were used in order to plait them. in order to plait them.

The jewels girls The jewels girls preferred to preferred to wear were wear were beads made of beads made of glass, amber glass, amber or, very rarely, or, very rarely, carved wood.carved wood.

Old women only Old women only wore necklaces wore necklaces made of silver made of silver coins sewn on a coins sewn on a piece of cloth.piece of cloth.

Young girls used to Young girls used to wear their hair in two wear their hair in two pigtails or sometimes pigtails or sometimes just one, hanging on just one, hanging on their back.their back.

All women would cover All women would cover their head with a their head with a head-dress (head-dress (tulpantulpan) or ) or a sash (a sash (năframănăframă), but ), but at holidays the old at holidays the old ones would replace it ones would replace it with a with a crape (crape (zăbreniczăbrenic)) – a white towel woven – a white towel woven in many white threads in many white threads sewn as to make a sewn as to make a geometrical ornament.geometrical ornament.

In the winter they wore large headkerchiefs with In the winter they wore large headkerchiefs with long fringes and a sheepskin coat.long fringes and a sheepskin coat.

Men’s folk costume

The shirt men in this region wore, initially made of linseed but later made of cotton, is woven in two threads and it is as long as to reach the knees. It has a narrow collar (ciupag) and large sleeves.

The patterns that embelish the shirt are represented by the stripes (brâie) which can be seen on the collar, on the front side of the shirt as well as on the lower part of the sleeves. The colours used to make these patterns are brown, black or white.

The trousers (iţarii) - sewn in four threads - were of two kinds: the summer ones, made of cotton, and the winter ones, made of wool. In the winter, men also wore very warm socks (cioareci) made of wool; they were very tight because they needed to fit inside the boots.

Around the waist men would wear a belt Around the waist men would wear a belt made of tanned leather, with pressed or made of tanned leather, with pressed or brass ornaments and tied by means of three brass ornaments and tied by means of three buckles.buckles.

Nowadays, men wear belts sewn with beads Nowadays, men wear belts sewn with beads in different colours and shades of white, in different colours and shades of white,

brown, yellow, blue or green.brown, yellow, blue or green.

The clothing item that protects men’s heads is The clothing item that protects men’s heads is the fur cap (the fur cap (cuşmacuşma), made of black or gre), made of black or grey y lamb fur and padded on the inside with kid or lamb fur and padded on the inside with kid or wild he-goat fur.wild he-goat fur.

In the summer, men used to wear hats made of black, In the summer, men used to wear hats made of black, blue, brown or green plushblue, brown or green plush..

The footwear is represented by the traditional shoes (The footwear is represented by the traditional shoes (opinciopinci) ) which later on were replaced by boots and in the end by which later on were replaced by boots and in the end by high boots.high boots.

Both men and women used to wear a sort of Both men and women used to wear a sort of short furred and sleeveless coat (short furred and sleeveless coat (bondiţabondiţa) ) over the shirt. This clothing item was made of over the shirt. This clothing item was made of lamb skin and adorned with black stripes lamb skin and adorned with black stripes ((brâiebrâie)) made of silk, beads or polecat skin. made of silk, beads or polecat skin.

In the winter In the winter bondiţabondiţa was replaced by a thick long coat was replaced by a thick long coat made of black wool, with long sleeves and a high collar made of black wool, with long sleeves and a high collar ((sumansuman).).

The sheepskin coats - of different lengths - were made of The sheepskin coats - of different lengths - were made of white sheep skin, with or without sleeves white sheep skin, with or without sleeves (cojoc)(cojoc)

Work team:Documentation teamTeachers: • Lăcrămioara Băcanu• Daniela Stanciu• Anca Georgeta Tudose• Marcela Norocel • Oltea Nistor Students: • The 5th,6th,7th and 8th grade students.Presenters: Adriana Zdrob and Răzvan Moroşan

Translation:• The 5th,6th,7th and 8th grade students guided by Daniela

Stanciu, teacher of English.

Editing work:• The 5th,6th,7th and 8th grade students guided by Lăcrămioara

Băcanu, Daniela Stanciu, Gabriela Drumuş .

Thank you for

your interes

t!