GROUP MEMBERS• Usman Aslam

• Syeda Fizza Rizvi

• Syed Irtaza

• Tayyaba Faiz

• Ikhlas Ahmad

KARL MARX AND MARXIST THEORY

TABLE OF CONTENTS• Who was Karl Marx?• Some important key concepts and ideology• Types of Marxism• Criticisms of Marxist ideas• Contributions of Karl Marx’s Theory in the modern world

system• Conclusion

• Karl Marx was born on 5th May 1818.• Marx is widely referred to as a

Philosopher, Political-Economist and a Journalist.

• Marx was married to Jenny von Westphalen.

• Marx`s close friend and fellow scholar was Friedrich Engels.

• Karl Marx died on 14th March, 1883.• The message carved on his

symmetry was written as “WORKERS OF ALL LANDS, UNITE”

WHO WAS KARL MARX?

HOUSE OF KARL MARX

FAMILY

SOME IMPORTANT KEY CONCEPTS• Capitalism: Marx believed that capitalism is not only an

economic system but it is also a political system.• Class Struggles: Marx believed that conflict produces class

and inherently class produces conflict. • Exploitation: Marx believed that Capitalism can only thrive

exploitation of the working class.• Alienation: The workers are forced to sell their labour to the

Capitalists in order to survive.

SOME IMPORTANT KEY IDEOLOGIES• Capitalist society is divided into two classes:The Bourgeoisie(wealthier ones) and the Proletariat(poor ones).• The bourgeoisie increase their wealth by exploiting the

proletariat:The richer ones exploit and make the poor more weaker to gain wealth and power.• Ideological Control:Marx argued that the ruling classes used their control of social institutions to gain ideological dominance. Thus, the proletariats accepted this and didn’t fight back.• The result of the above is false class consciousness:The end result of ideological control is false consciousness – where the masses, or proletariat are deluded into thinking that everything is fine and that the appalling in which they live and work are inevitable.

TYPES OF MARXISM

• Communism: is the end state of having key means of production owned in common (communally) without class

• Socialism: is an intermediate transition state where a social revolution (that is, of the workers, the vast majority of society) is required to get to communism.

CRITICISMS OF MARXIST IDEAS

• Criticisms of Marxism have come from various political ideologies which include ethical and economical criticisms.

• Democratic socialists and social democrats reject the idea that socialism can be accomplished through class conflict and a proletarian revolution.

• Some thinkers have rejected the fundamentals of Marxist theory, such as historical materialism and the labour theory of value, and gone on to criticise capitalism - and support socialism - using other arguments.

• Some contemporary supporters of Marxism argue that many aspects of Marxist thought are viable, but that the corpus is incomplete or somewhat out-dated in regards to certain aspects of economic, political or social theory.

CONTRIBUTIONS OF MARXISM IN THE MODERN WORLD SYSTEM• Elaboration of the conflict model of society, specifically his

theory of social change based on antagonisms between classes.

• The idea that power originates primarily in economic production.

• Concern with the social origins of alienation. • Understanding of modern capitalism.• Welfare State.

CONCLUSION

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