Eddie Bernice Johnson

Dorothea Orem1931-2007

Self-Care Deficit Nursing Theory

NURSINGNursing is a form of action and interaction between two or more persons

Dorothea Orem describes nursing as an art, a helping service, and a technology

EDUCATIONGraduated from Seton High School in 1931

Earned Nursing Diploma at Providence Hospital School of Nursing in Washington, D.C. in 1934

Received a Bachelors of Science in Nursing from the Catholic University of America in 1939

Received Masters of Science in Nursing Education from the Catholic University of America in 1945

EARLY YEARS OF NURSINGPracticed nursing at Providence Hospital in Washington D.C. from 1934-1936 and 1942 and at John's Hospital in Lowell, Massachusetts from 1936-1937. Staff NursePrivate Duty NurseNurse EducatorAdministratorNurse Consultant Researcher

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CAREER 1939-1948 Providence Hospital School of NursingEducator of Nursing and Biological SciencesDirector

1959-1970 Catholic University of AmericaDean of the School of nursingAssistant ProfessorAssociate Professor

CAREERCurriculum consultant for colleges and universities:The University of Alberta George Brown College of Applied Arts and Technology The University of Southern Mississippi, Georgetown University Incarnate Word College El Paso Community CollegeThe Medical College of VirginiaThe Washington Technical Institute

Consulted with the Federal and State government agencies:The Office of Education United States Department of HealthEducation and WelfareThe Indiana State Board of HealthCenter for Experimentation and Development in Nursing, The Johns Hopkins HospitalWilmer Clinic

NURSING: CONCEPTS OF PRACTICE1971 Published Nursing: Concepts of PracticeAn outline of the Self-care Deficit Theory of NursingBecame the leading theorist of nursing practice and education Currently 6 Editions

OREMS NURSING PROCESS

OREMS NURSING PROCESS

Orems models of Nursing Theory of self-care deficit

The outcome of all nursing actions should promote self care so the patient can become independent

Nursing staff follow the models to help patient achieve goals

Orems model can be used in nearly all health care settings

3 THEORIES OF SELF CARE DEFICITI. Theory of the Nursing systemsPatients therapeutic self-care demand exceeds available self-care agency, therefore the patient has a need for nursing.II. Theory of Self Care DeficitNursing is needed due to a patient is incapable of or limited in effective self-care.III. Theory of Self CarePatient is able to perform and practice activities of daily living(ADLs) on their own and maintain a life of health and well-being.

THEORY OF SELF-CAREUniversal self-care requisitesMaintenance of sufficient intake of air, food, and waterCare associated with eliminationBalance between activities and rest, and solitude and social interactionPreventing hazards to human life and well-beingPromotion of human functioning

THEORY OF SELF-CAREHealth deviation self-care requisitesSeeking and securing medical assistanceBeing aware of and attending to the effects and results of pathologic conditionsEffectively carrying out medically prescribed measuresModifying self-concepts to accept being in a particular state of healthLearning to live with effects of pathologic conditions

SELF-CARE DEFICITSpecifies when nursing care is neededActing for and doing for othersGuiding othersSupporting anotherProviding an environment promoting personal development in relation to meet future demandsTeaching

THEORY OF NURSING SYSTEMSWholly compensatory systemA individual is unable to engage in self-care actions requiring self-directed and controlled ambulation and movement. The individual is dependent on others for their continued existence and well-being.

Partly compensatory systemA situation in which the nurse and the patient work together to performs the care measures or other actions involving manipulative tasks or ambulation. The patient or the nurse may have the major role in care measures.

Supportive-educative systemA person is able to perform or can and should learn to perform required measures of externally or internally oriented therapeutic self-care but unable to do it without assistance.

SELF CAREOrem holds patient and nurse accountable for self-careIndividuals should be able to take care of themselves. In some cases, it is up to the nurse to get the patient to point where they are physically and mentally ready to care for self.

REFERENCESDorothea Orem Collection. (n.d.). Retrieved October 23rd, 2015, from http://www.medicalarchives.jhmi.edu/papers/orem.html

Self Care Deficit Theory. (n.d.). Retrieved October 23rd, 2015, from http://www.nursing-theory.org/theories-and-models/orem-self-care-deficit-theory.php

Lora Claywell, LVN to RN Transitions Third Edition, Mosby Inc. Elsevier Inc., 2014