precautions during pregnancy

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Precautions during Pregnancy

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Page 1: Precautions  during pregnancy

Precautions during

Pregnancy

Page 2: Precautions  during pregnancy

• „Pregnancy‟ is really a natural procedure including modifications in

the female‟s entire body and in addition within their actions and also

lifestyle. Despite the fact that Pregnancy is not an ailment, it requires

a unique attention. As an illustration, pregnant women should abide

by a healthy diet plan and never within the last few locations they

must retain his or her health and a nice body shape by simply

carrying out daily workouts. In addition to this, workouts through

Pregnancy certainly are a new breakthrough discovery and several

pregnant women often embrace the idea in order to keep a nice

amount and to include health. Specialists can see which workouts

will make pregnant women to help experience much better and also

confident with her entire body, they are able to help the muscles to

be strong muscular tissues, control the tension and to maintain a

well balanced weight.

Pregnancy

Page 3: Precautions  during pregnancy

• We can't lie down in listing of sign of Pregnancy for every girl,

because Pregnancy signs and symptoms experienced by every

lady. On the whole, you can place down a number of common signs

of Pregnancy which will or perhaps is probably not knowledgeable

by simple ladies. Comprehending your sign of Pregnancy is very

important because these types of signs can also be in connection

with additional incidences when compared with Pregnancy. They

had missed period of time can be one of the many very first sign of

Pregnancy. In addition, immediately after pregnancy, once the

embryo implants itself around the uterine retaining wall, you will

have implantation hemorrhage and you will encounter cramping of

muscular tissues and also recognizing. They may be the first sign of

Pregnancy and may end up being commonly misinterpreted due to

changed menstruation, infection or perhaps modifications in birth

control product and the like.

Pregnancy

Page 4: Precautions  during pregnancy

SIGNS PREVAILING PREGNANCY

As I have said, a new detained menstruation may be the start with

sign of Pregnancy. You'll skip the following period of time which

confirms which fact you are pregnant. Hemorrhaging has been

incredibly very much standard through a Pregnancy period of time

yet it'll be commonly brighter when compared with standard stream.

Usually a new had missed period of time is often assigned to

hormonal problems, anxiety, tension and also weakness and the

like. The sore teat can be a symptom of Pregnancy and may even

start off immediately after anyone to days of conceiving. However

hormonal imbalances or perhaps detained period may cause this

particular pain, yet commonly it is just a persistent trouble that is

caused specifically through Pregnancy. As your body is supported

and also feeding another lifetime system, people usually tend to

obtain more exhausted and also consumed with stress through

Pregnancy.

Page 5: Precautions  during pregnancy

• Fatigue or perhaps low energy can be early to sign of Pregnancy

and may begin as early as very first few days immediately after

pregnancy. The Pregnancy examination will probably commonly

ensure your current Pregnancy due to the fact this particular

weariness or perhaps weakness may arise from depression, anxiety,

typical chilly or perhaps flu and also. So to save your precious time

and money as well when anyone at home is pregnant, please help

that lady and surf the online sites like Medooc, 20search, Dogpile,

etc. which will help you to search tips regarding the problems faced

by the lady at your home.

Pregnancy

Page 6: Precautions  during pregnancy

The First Trimester

Lasts from conception to the twelfth week of pregnancy

3 periods during the first trimester:

The Germinal Period

Fertilized egg travels and implants in wall of uterus

Implantation occurs 10-14 days after conception

The Period of the Embryo

Lasts from third through eighth week of pregnancy

Major organs and anatomical structures begin to form

The Period of the Fetus

Lasts from ninth week of pregnancy until birth

All major organs continue rapid growth and become interconnected

Page 7: Precautions  during pregnancy

The Second Trimester

Fetus assumes distinct human appearance

• The nails harden and skin thickens, as well as the

eye lashes, eye brows, and scalp hair appear

during fifth and sixth months

• Fetus‟s visual and auditory senses are functional

Page 8: Precautions  during pregnancy

The Third Trimester

All organ systems mature rapidly

• Fetus prepares for birth

• Fetus reaches „age of viability‟, the point at which

the fetus can survive outside of the uterus

• Fetus shows better-organized gross motor activity,

and sleepiness/ waking activity

• Towards end of ninth month, fetus is positioned

head-down with limbs curled up in „fetal position‟

Page 9: Precautions  during pregnancy

Teratogens

• External agents such as viruses, drugs, chemicals

and radiation that can harm a developing embryo

or fetus.

• Time when organ system or body part is at

highest risk of effects from teratogens is known as

„sensitive period‟.

• Effects of teratogens on a body part or organ

system are worst during the period when that

structure is forming and growing most rapidly.

Page 10: Precautions  during pregnancy

Teratogens

• The same defect can be caused by different teratogens.

• A variety of defects can be caused by a single teratogen.

• The longer the exposure or the higher the „dose‟ of the teratogen, the more likely it is that serious harm will be done.

• The long-term effects of a teratogen often depend on the quality of the postnatal environment.

Page 11: Precautions  during pregnancy

Subjective Assessment

• When pregnant female comes to you, the kinesiologist, you should ask:

– Name

– Age

– Medical history

– Genetic history

– Previous surgeries

– Current/past medications

– If they have ever or are using “street drugs” or smoking

– Alcohol/caffeine use

– Occupation and current working status

– Marital status and children

Page 12: Precautions  during pregnancy

Objective Assessment

• When observing the client, evaluate:

– Height

– Weight

– BMI

– Blood Pressure

– General alignment

– Range painful movement

Page 13: Precautions  during pregnancy

Conditions During Pregnancy

• Constipation

– Affects half of pregnant women

– Causes:

• increase in progesterone

• the colon absorbing more water

• worse in first 13-14 weeks

– Treatment:

• Drink plenty of fluids

• Eat high fiber foods

• Take fiber supplements – psylium husks, Metamucil, Ex-Lax

• EXERCISE!

Page 14: Precautions  during pregnancy

Conditions During Pregnancy

• Fatigue

– Almost all women report increased fatigue in the 1st trimester.

– Causes:

• Body is working harder

• More levels of progesterone, – Treatment:

• Take naps

• Drink plenty of fluids, but avoid fluids 2-3hr before bed. Lac

• Exercise

• Gentle stretches before bedtime can help prevent nighttime cramping

• Eat foods rich in protein

Page 15: Precautions  during pregnancy

Conditions During Pregnancy

• Back Ache

• Many women experience back aches during 2nd and 3rd trimesters

– Causes:

• Poor posture

• Extra weight

• Change in centre of gravity

• Hormones – Treatment:

• Pay attention to posture

• Exercise – Swimming

• Pillow support in bed

• Ask for assistance when lifting heavy objects

• Heat/cold

• Massage

• Support belt

• Wear supportive low heel shoes

Page 16: Precautions  during pregnancy

Benefits of Exercise During

Pregnancy

• Maintenance/improvement of maternal fitness

• Control of excess weight gain

• Improved posture and appearance

• Increased energy

• Improved sleep

• Decreased incidence of back pain

• Improved self-esteem

• Decreased incidence of varicose veins

• Decreased water retention

• Decreased level of tension

• Possible decrease in complications during labour

• Shortened labour

• More rapid postpartum recovery

Page 17: Precautions  during pregnancy

Disadvantages of Not Exercising

• Studies have shown that women who exercise do not

experience an increase in:

– Premature Rupture of Membranes (PROM)

• When the membranes that hold the amniotic fluid

break too early.

– Congenital Abnormalities

Page 18: Precautions  during pregnancy

Risk Reduction

Pre-Eclampsia (Toxemia)

Occurs only during pregnancy and the postpartum period

Affects 5-8% of all pregnancies

Causes blood vessels to constrict resulting in high blood pressure and a decrease in blood flow to organs and uterus.

Having high blood pressure before pregnancy puts you at risk, also having a BMI of 30 or more

Characterized by high blood pressure and presence of protein in the urine

Symptoms: excess swelling of hands and feet, headaches, changes in visions, vomiting blood, ringing in the ears

Occurs in the 2nd or 3rd trimesters

Page 19: Precautions  during pregnancy

Exercises During Pregnancy

• Low impact aerobics

• Water aerobics

• Walking

• Kegels

• Pilates

• Yoga

• Cycling

• Swimming

Page 20: Precautions  during pregnancy

Kegels

• Help prepare body for labour

• Kegel exercises are easy to do - can be

done anywhere

• Kegels help strengthen the pelvic floor

muscles

• Many women do kegel exercises to prevent

incontinence

Page 21: Precautions  during pregnancy

Yoga (prenatal)

• Help with breathing and relaxation

• Promote feelings of well-being

• Energizing

• Stress relief

• Improve posture

• Meet others who are facing the same challenges

• Note: Avoid positions lying on the back

Page 22: Precautions  during pregnancy

Walking

• Vary the intensity

• Less impact on the knees and ankles

• Easy way to start exercising

• Supportive shoes

• Water bottle

• Spray bottle

• Maintain good posture

Page 23: Precautions  during pregnancy

Exercises to Avoid During Pregnancy

• Ball sports

• Contact sports: ultimate fighting, wrestling, football

• Sports that involve bouncing, leaping, a sudden change of direction (increased joint laxity from hormones make joints susceptible to sprains)

• Exercises that put you at risk for falls: rollerblading, horseback ridding, skiing

• After 1st trimester avoid exercise in the supine position

• Lying in the prone position

• Lifting heavy free weights

Page 24: Precautions  during pregnancy

Contraindications to Exercise

• Pregnancy induced hypertension

• Premature rupture of membranes

• Preterm labor during the prior or current pregnancy

• Persistent 2nd or 3rd trimester bleeding

• There should be an evaluation to determine whether an exercise program is appropriate if the woman has conditions such as:

– Cardiac disease, constrictive lung disease

– Chronic hypertension

– Severe anemia

– Chronic bronchitis

– Extreme obesity

– Extreme underweight

– History of an extremely sedentary lifestyle

– Orthopedic limitations

– Heavy smoker

Page 25: Precautions  during pregnancy

Recommendations for Exercise

• Beginners

– non weight bearing activities pose the least risk of injury

– 20 – 30 minutes of activity a day at a comfortable pace

• Previously active women

– participation in aerobic activities are generally safe

– Exercise in high altitudes is not recommended

• Running

– can be continued late into pregnancy to maintain fitness, less than 45 min

• Weight training

– light weights and moderate reps will maintain flexibility and muscle tone and reduce the risk of joint/ligament injury

• Should be able to converse while exercising – vigorous exercise offers no benefits during pregnancy, only more complications

• Listen to your body – stop if you feel breathless, nausea, dizzy, tired

• Pulse should NEVER exceed 140 beats per minute!

Page 26: Precautions  during pregnancy

Recommendations for Exercise

• Positions/Posture:

– Avoid lying on your back after 12th week of pregnancy

– Abdominal exercises

– Avoid standing for long periods

– Avoid back swaying (lordosis) – cat back stretch, strengthen abdominals

– Rounded upper back (kyphosis) – chest stretches, upper back strengthening

– Avoid valsalva maneuver – increase blood and intra-abdominal pressure

– Avoid lying in the prone position after the 1st trimester