ppt periodic trends

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9.17.00 1:37 PM 3.3 Periodic Table The Periodic The Periodic Table Table

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Page 1: Ppt periodic trends

9.17.00 1:37 PM1 3.3 Periodic Table

The Periodic The Periodic Table Table

Page 2: Ppt periodic trends

9.17.00 1:37 PM2 3.3 Periodic Table

The Periodic Table and the The Periodic Table and the ElementsElements

What is the periodic table ?What is the periodic table ?What information is obtained from the table ?What information is obtained from the table ?How can elemental properties be predicted base on the PT ?How can elemental properties be predicted base on the PT ?

Page 3: Ppt periodic trends

9.17.00 1:37 PM3 3.3 Periodic Table

Dmitri Mendeleev (1869)(1869)In 1869 Mendeleev and Lothar Meyer In 1869 Mendeleev and Lothar Meyer (Germany) published nearly identical (Germany) published nearly identical classification schemes for elements known classification schemes for elements known to date. The periodic table is base on the to date. The periodic table is base on the similarity of properties and reactivities similarity of properties and reactivities exhibited by certain elements. Later, Henri exhibited by certain elements. Later, Henri Moseley ( England,1887-1915) established Moseley ( England,1887-1915) established that each elements has a unique atomic that each elements has a unique atomic number, which is how the current periodic number, which is how the current periodic table is organized.table is organized.

http://www.chem.msu.su/eng/misc/mendeleev/welcome.html

Page 4: Ppt periodic trends

9.17.00 1:37 PM4 3.3 Periodic Table

Reading the Periodic Table: Reading the Periodic Table: ClassificationClassification

Nonmetals, Metals, Metalloids, Noble gases

Page 5: Ppt periodic trends

9.17.00 1:37 PM5 3.3 Periodic Table

Families of the Periodic TableFamilies of the Periodic Table

Notable families of the Periodic Table and some important members:

1IA

18VIIIA

12

IIA13

IIIA14

IVA15VA

16VIA

17VIIA

2

33

IIIB4

IVB5

VB6

VIB7

VIIB8 9

VIIIB10 11

IB12IIB

4

5

6

7

Alkali

Alkaline (earth)

Transition MetalsTransition Metals

Noble GasNoble GasHalogenHalogen

ChalcogensChalcogens

Page 6: Ppt periodic trends

9.17.00 1:37 PM6 3.3 Periodic Table

Periodic TablePeriodic Table ee-- configuration from the periodic configuration from the periodic

periodic tableperiodic table

B2p1

1IA

18VIIIA

12

IIA13

IIIA14

IVA15VA

16VIA

17VIIA

2

33

IIIB4

IVB5

VB6

VIB7

VIIB8 9

VIIIB10 11

IB12IIB

4

5

6

7

H1s1

Li2s1

Na3s1

K4s1

Rb5s1

Cs6s1

Fr7s1

Be2s2

Mg3s2

Ca4s2

Sr5s2

Ba6s2

Ra7s2

Sc3d1

Ti3d2

V3d3

Cr4s13d5

Mn3d5

Fe3d6

Co3d7

Ni3d8

Zn3d10

Cu4s13d10

B2p1

C2p2

N2p3

O2p4

F2p5

Ne2p6

He1s2

Al3p1

Ga4p1

In5p1

Tl6p1

Si3p2

Ge4p2

Sn5p2

Pb6p2

P3p3

As4p3

Sb5p3

Bi6p3

S3p4

Se4p4

Te5p4

Po6p4

Cl3p5

Be4p5

I5p5

At6p5

Ar3p6

Kr4p6

Xe5p6

Rn6p6

Y4d1

La5d1

Ac6d1

Cd4d10

Hg5d10

Ag5s14d10

Au6s15d10

Zr4d2

Hf5d2

Rf6d2

Nb4d3

Ta5d3

Db6d3

Mo5s14d5

W6s15d5

Sg7s16d5

Tc4d5

Re5d5

Bh6d5

Ru4d6

Os5d6

Hs6d6

Rh4d7

Ir5d7

Mt6d7

Ni4d8

Ni5d8

Page 7: Ppt periodic trends

9.17.00 1:37 PM7 3.3 Periodic Table

Periodic Table: electron Periodic Table: electron behaviorbehaviorThe periodic table can be classified :

METALS

Alkali Alkaline

Transition

METALLOID NON-METALS Noble gas Halogens Calcogens

These elements tend to give up

e- and form CATIONS

These elements will give up e- or

accept e-

These elements tend to accept e- and form ANIONS

Page 8: Ppt periodic trends

9.17.00 1:37 PM8 3.3 Periodic Table

THE PERIODIC TABLETHE PERIODIC TABLE

Page 9: Ppt periodic trends

9.17.00 1:37 PM9 3.3 Periodic Table

2. Trend in 2. Trend in Atomic RadiusAtomic RadiusAtomic Radius: Atomic Radius:

The atomic radius of an element is a measure of the size of its atoms, usually the distance from the nucleus to the boundary of the surrounding cloud of electrons

Page 10: Ppt periodic trends

9.17.00 1:37 PM10 3.3 Periodic Table

3. Trend in 3. Trend in Ionization EnergyIonization EnergyIonization energy: Ionization energy:

The energy required to remove the valence electron from an atomic specie.

Page 11: Ppt periodic trends

9.17.00 1:37 PM11 3.3 Periodic Table

4. Trend in 4. Trend in Electron AffinityElectron Affinity

Electron affinity is a measure of the energy that is released when an atom acquires an electron. We say that the more energy is released, the more readily the atom becomes an anion.

Page 12: Ppt periodic trends

9.17.00 1:37 PM12 3.3 Periodic Table

ELECTRONEGATIVITY

Page 13: Ppt periodic trends

9.17.00 1:37 PM13 3.3 Periodic Table

Summary of TrendSummary of Trend