MILESTONES IN CLASSIFICATION

WHAT IS CLASSIFICATION ?

CLASSIFICATION - THE PROCESS OF

ORGANISMS ON THE BASIS OF

SIMILARITY AND DIFFERENCES.

FAMOUS SCIENTIST IN

CLASSIFICATION

ARISTOTLE

CHARAKAN

JOHN RAY

KARL LINNEAUS

ARISTOTLE

• Father of Biology

born 384 BC,Srafira,Chaladice,Greece.

died 322BCEuboea,Geek

nationality Greek

era Ancient philosophy

region Western philosophy

school •Peripete•Aristotelianismschool

•Father of Biology

CLASSIFICATION OF JOHN RAY

CONTRIBUTIONS

Classified both plants and animals into red blooded and non-red blooded His publications includes physics, metaphysics etc

Greek philosopher.

divided organisms into 2 groups - plants

and animals.

divided animals into blood and bloodless.

also divided animals into 3 groups

according to how they moved - walking,

flying, or swimming (land, air, or water)

his system was used into the 1600's

CONTRIBUTIONS OF ARISTOTLE

CHARAKAN

Life span: AD-1father of Ayurveda

Contributions of Charakan

Classified 200 animals and 340

plants

Famous publication is

Charakasamhitha

Famous ayurveda physician

Other books includes cause of

diseases

CARL LINNEAUS

Born 23 May 1707Stenbrohultparish

Died 10 January 1778 (aged 70)HammarbyDanmarkparish (outside Uppsala), Sweden

Residence Sweden

Nationality swedish

Fields BotanyBiologyZoology

Contributions of Karl Linneaus

He classified plants

First publication is ‘Systema naturae’ in 1735

Other publication is Genera planterumThe first edition of Systema Naturae was printed in the

Netherlands in 1735.

it classified 4,400 species of animals and 7,700 species of

plants.

These binomials could serve as a label to refer to the

species.

Although the system, now known as binomial nomenclature,

Linnaeus was the first to use it consistently throughout the

work, including in monospecific genera, and may be said to

have popularised it within the scientific community.

CLASSIFICATION OF PLANTS BY KARL LINNEAUS

JOHN RAY

Life span:1627-1705Born 29 November 1627Black Notley, near Braintree

Died 17 January 1705 (aged 77)Black Notley

Nationality English

Fields Botany, Zoology, Natural history, Natural theology

Academic advisors James Duport

Contributions of john ray

He published important works on Botany,zoology,

and Natural theology.

His classification of plants in his Historia Plantarum,

was an important step towards modern taxonomy.

Ray rejected the system of dichotomous division by

which species were classified according to a pre-

conceived, either/or type system, and instead

classified plants according to similarities and

differences that emerged from observation.

Thus he advanced scientific empiricism against the

deductive rationalism of the scholastics.

He was the first to give a biological definition of the

term species

Contributions of john ray

Laid the foundation of classification.

Approximately 18,600 plants were recorded in

the book ‘Historia Generalis planterum’.

He classified plants as flowering,

dicots,monocots etc.

He first used the term ‘Species’.

The book Historia generalis planterum

CONCLUSION

The four scientist in classification are

Aristotle

Karl linneaus

Charakan

John ray

Through this powerpoint presentation, the

classification of these scientists are presented in a

simple way.

REFERENCE

• www. Wikipedia.com• SCERT textbook standard VIII• Google•Encyclopædia Britannica (2008). The Britannica Guide to the 100 Most Influential Scientists. Running Press.

THANK YOU

BYARYA S BROLL NO: 6