postgraduate teaching centre, cardiff university 20 & 21...

Boosting the Impact of

Social Sciences & Humanities

:

20 & 21 september 2017, Cardiff

Postgraduate Teaching Centre, Cardiff University

Room 0.23

Boosting the Impact of Social Sciences and Humanities


EntrepreneurshipHow can entrepreneurship and social entreprises

offer new perspectives for SSH Research?

Wim Fyen

Andrew Fairweather-Tall

Wojciech Roskiewicz

Entrepreneurship

Wim Fyen

Coordinator of the Leuven Community for Innovation

driven Entrepreneurship (Lcie), BE

Room 0.2320 & 21 september 2017, Cardiff


Room 0.23



Entrepreneurship


Head of the Humanities Research Support, University of Oxford, UK

How can entrepreneurship and social enterprises offer new

perspectives for SSH research?


University of Oxford

Oxford has the largest grouping of humanities scholars in the world• 679 academic and research staff

• 5967 students (70% undergraduates, 13% PGT, 17% doctoral)

• Turnover of ~ £77M in 2016-17 (£15.6M research income)

• 1st overall for research power

• Largest submission of Humanities researchers (by far) at 608 FTE

• QS World University Rankings 2017 placed Oxford first in the world for Arts and Humanities; Times Higher Education places us fourth

Boosting Impact of Social Sciences and Humanities20-21 September 2017, Cardiff

From disciplinary power emerges interdisciplinary innovation and collaboration

What does it mean to be entrepreneurial in an academic setting?Entrepreneurial activity, social enterprise, or cultural engagement, … all share … a commitment to creative & lateral ways of thinking, connecting & problem-solving.

Oxford University Innovation Working Group, 2015


• Spaces for supported risk-taking and innovation incubation

• Opportunities and competition

”Entrepreneurship is the pursuit of opportunity beyond the resources you currently control” Howard Stephenson, Harvard Business School


Case Study – Trusted Source: a Knowledge Transfer Partnership

• Bite-sized and readable academic content for NT visitors and staff

• Support’s NT’s key aims to move, teach and inspire

• Improved visitor experience = repeat visits, increases NT membership, higher shop spend/dwell time etc etc etc


Case Study – working with Royal and Derngate Theatre

Boosting Impact of Social Sciences and Humanities

20-21 September 2017, Cardiff

Case Study – transformation of the Quill

• Quill is a digital platform focussed especially on the creation of constitutions, treaties, and legislation.

• Flagship project is analysis of the records of the Constitutional Convention of 1787 that wrote the Constitution of the United States.

• It has developed a variety of innovative digital tools for readers and editors.


• Enriched research questions, how they are approached, and answered

• Serendipity and experimentation – ‘where you start off is never where you end up’

• Access to new relationships, opportunities, contacts and networks

• Developing a range of new skills

• Personal fulfilment through diversity of work, sharing knowledge, and influencing change

Conclusion: are there new insights on offer?


Room 0.23



Entrepreneurship

Wojciech Roskiewicz

Head of Unit, Research and Business Accelerator, Fraunhofer Center for

International Management and Knowledge Economy IMW, DE

Mr. Wojciech Roskiewicz Head, Business & Research Accelerator

@ Fraunhofer Center for International Management & Knowledge Economy – Leipzig, Germany

Conference: Boosting the Impact of Social Sciences & Humanities

20.09.2017, Cardiff, Wales

15

ENTREPRENEURSHIPIN THE HUMANITIES AND SOCIAL SCIENCESLESSONS LEARNED FROM FRAUNHOFER, GERMANY & POLAND

The relevance of the humanities and social sciences (SSH) in general

The role of SSH at Fraunhofer: the largest organization for applied research in Europe

Similarities and differences in supporting SSH-Entrepreneurship in Germany and

Poland

The barriers and drivers in promoting SSH-Entrepreneurship

The opportunities and benefits that result from including SSH into entrepreneurship

THIS PRESENTATION CONCERNS

16

1. Fraunhofer Case

2. Project SSH-Entrepreneurship in Germany & Poland

3. Conclusions & Recommendations

TOPICS

17

COMMON STEREOTYPES ABOUT THE HUMANITIES AND SOCIAL SCIENCES

18

creativity

Inter-disciplinarity

thinkers & geniuses

factory of unemployed

burger-flippers

unprofitable sciences

losersrisk takers

people without solid skills people with open minds

"It's in Apple's DNA that technology alone is not

enough. That it's technology married with liberal

arts, married with the humanities, that yields us

the result that makes our heart sing."

Steve Jobs (2011)

19

THE GERMAN RESEARCH LANDSCAPETHE BIG PLAYERS OF RESEARCH

Max Planck

Society

Universities

Institutions of Higher Education

IndustrialResearch

Associations

IndustrialResearch

(Companies)

Private fundingPublic funding

Basi

c re

searc

hA

pp

lied

rese

arc

h

Source: BMBF Germany (simplified)

1. THE FRAUNHOFER-GESELLSCHAFT EUROPE‘S LARGEST ORGANIZATION FOR APPLIED RESEARCH

69 institutes

More than 24,000 employees

Over 250 competencies

2 billion Euro research budget

70% income from the market

20 spinoffs annually

2 patents daily

3 inventions daily

INNOVATION: MORE THAN TECHNICAL INVENTIONOUR GOAL: A HOLISTIC APPROACH TO INNOVATION

Technology Market Innovation

Engineering ScienceNatural Science

Life Science

Economic ScienceSocial Science

Political Science

INNOVATIONQUESTIONS FROM A SOCIOECONOMIC PERSPECTIVE

What kind of technologies are currently being

developed?

How does the competition

evolve?

How does knowledge

transfer work in the age of

digitization?

What kind of business models

are needed?

What pricecan be

charged?

Which qualificationsdo we need for

these new technologies?

Are there any conflicts

concerning user acceptance?

How can we balance economic,

social, and ecological goals?

Which stakeholdersfollow which goals?

RELEVANCE OF SSH @ FRAUNHOFERTRENDS

Cooperation: Fraunhofer GROUPS

1. Defense and Security2. Information and Communication Tech3. Life Sciences4. Light & Surfaces5. Materials and Components6. Microelectronics7. Production8. Innovation Research (2017)

4 institutes, 500 employees

Education: Fraunhofer ACADEMY Fraunhofer MARKETING

Entrepreneurship: Fraunhofer VENTURE Fraunhofer IMW ACCELERATOR

SSH-Research: Fraunhofer ISI, IAO, IMW

2. ENTREPRENEURSHIP IN THE HUMANITIES AND SOCIAL SCIENCES IN GERMANY AND POLAND

Project Coordinator:

Fraunhofer Center for International Management and Knowledge Economy (Leipzig, Germany)

Project Partner:

University of Wroclaw, Faculty of Social Sciences (Wroclaw, Poland)

Project Supporter:

German-Polish Science Foundation (DPWS)

BACKGROUND

1. Transformation of Economic Activities: Emergence of knowledge-based economy, development ofknowledge-intensive goods and services

2. Development of the Labor Market: Increased importance of self-employment andentrepreneurship

3. Situation of Humanities and Social Sciences (SSH):Budget cuts & need of justification vs. great potential & increased demand

4. Role of Universities and Research Centers: Knowledge transfer from universities into society andeconomy by knowledge-driven start-ups and spin-offs &„Third Mission“

MOTIVATION

Research Gap: No complex research on entrepreneurship in the SHH in Germany and Poland so far – in comparison totechnology-driven entrepreneurship

Desideratum of Research: Research of Entrepreneurship in the Humanities and Social Sciences in Germany and Poland, as well as relevant funding systems and support tools in Germany and Poland

Character of Research: Pioneer stage, first comprehensive research about thistopic in Germany and Poland and first German-Polishcooperation in this field

Typology of Entrepreneuship: What forms of entrepreneurship within the Humanities and Social Sciences exist and which experiences do start-ups from this field have before/ during/ after the establishment of their business?

Drivers and Barriers: What factors promote or hinder start-up activities in the Humanities and Social Sciences? How and by whom are these activities (not) promoted?

German-Polish context:What similarities and differences can be observed in the start-up activities in the German-Polish context and what can founders from Germany and Poland learn from each other?

CENTRAL ISSUES OF RESEARCH

SSH-ENTREPRENEURSHIPIN GERMANY

Entrepreneurship Centers BVIZ Exist Startup Universities

Quelle: BVIZ (2017) Quelle: Exist (2014)

SUPPORT INFRASTRUCTURE IN GERMANY - INFRASTRUCTURE

ENTREPRENEURSHIP SUPPORT IN GERMANY – GOVERNMENT

Selected Key Facts:

State support: available for the majority of entrepreneurs in Germany

Programs: 2000 support programs nationwide

Funding sources: EU, federal, state (Länder)

Role of the government: The federal government promotes technology transfer from science to industry by supporting scientists from research institutions in R&D projects and by providing financing tools for start-ups.

Promotion of entrepreneurship: is part of the regional economic development level and is based on federal state matters

ENTREPRENEURSHIP SUPPORT IN GERMANY – UNIVERSITIES

Selected Key Facts:

Landscape: total number of universities in Germany: 428

Availability: Almost every university offers an entrepreneurship program.

Diversity: Each university is different in their focus and tools

Specialization: no specialization on specific scientific disciplines

Focus: The major focus is the promotion of young, technology-based companies.

Federal Support: At the federal level, the ‘EXIST’ program (BMWi) supports the entrepreneurial environment at universities and researchinstitutions.

Funding strategy: Funding institutions focus on mixed teams, rather than on start-ups only from the HSS

Funding instruments: Enough coaching and working space, but hardly any financial support for entrepreneurs from the HSS

Drivers and barriers: lack of entrepreneurial knowledge and economicalmotivation

Funding-history: Proportion of funded start-ups out of the SSH: >10%Start-ups out of the SSH can be characterized by a high degree of differentiation

Future trends: No expectations of significant changes concerning the kind of support for start-ups from the HSS

SELECTED RESULTSGERMANY

• Entrepreneurial potential and successful activities in nearly every field of the HSS

• Successful start-ups out of the SSH in many German cities

• Nearly all interviewed founders coming from the SSH call their entrepreneurial activities ”innovative”

• Most important motivations for entrepreneurship from the SSH:“work on one’s own responsibility” and “fulfilling activity”

• Not important motives for entrepreneurship from the SSH: ”unemployment” and ”continuation of family-tradition“

• Most important difficulties in the founding-process: „insufficient preparation of the study programs concerning an “economic independence,“ „bureaucratic obstacles“ and “insufficient funding”

SELECTED RESULTSGERMANY

SSH-ENTREPRENEURSHIPIN POLAND

ENTREPRENEURSHIP SUPPORT IN POLAND - INFRASTRUCTURE

Entrepreneurship and Innovation Centers in Poland

Source: www.pfr.pl (2017)

Domination of technology-based companies

Biggest barriers in creating companies: complexity of the law, high prices of the tenancies

The number of LLCs is growing, however the financial sources for academic companies are still very limited.

The index of innovation for companies is weak or average at most.

Attitudes: entrepreneurs from the field of the SSH do not differ from those from technology-based companies. The business model is similar (motivation, attitudes, barriers, goals).

SELECTED RESULTSPOLAND

Earlier involvement of the topic “entrepreneurship” into the curriculum

Change of the image of “entrepreneurship”

Integration of more “positive” role models from this area

More financial support for start-ups which are not high-tech orientated

Development of an business angels landscape

DEMANDS AND RECOMMENDATIONS OF FUNDING INSTITUTIONS

Intensification of entrepreneurial information, education and coaching among students (esp. from the SSH)

Presentation of good examples, communication and contact with successful entrepreneurs (esp. from the SSH)

Simplification of processes, regulations and rules, application forms etc.

Realization of innovative and flexible funding instruments, more applicable to the current situation

Give a new definition of "innovation"

DEMANDS AND RECOMMENDATIONS OF ENTREPRENEURS

• Companies - Category A

• The same field of expertise (“Fachgebietsidentisch”)

• Companies - Category B

• The foreign field to expertise (“Fachgebietsfremd”)

• Companies - Category C

• Inter-field expertise (“Schnittstellen”)

• Example: E-Humanities

SSH-ENTREPRENEURSHIPPOTENTIAL OF MIXED COMPANIES

• How could a stronger focus on the founder-personality be achieved – instead of concentrating mainly on business plans and/or business contents?

• Selection criteria for funding

• How can we overcome prejudices and stereotypes regarding the subject of entrepreneurship in the SSH?

• Role models

• How can we support SSH?

• New innovative / mixed instruments

OPEN QUESTIONS

THANK YOU FOR YOUR ATTENTION!

Wojciech Roskiewicz, M.A.

Head, Business & Research Accelerator @ Fraunhofer IMW

Phone: +49 341 23 10 39 – 139

Email: [email protected]

Fraunhofer IMW

Neumarkt 9-19

04109 Leipzig

GERMANY

www.imw.fraunhofer.de

Quote: „To be good is not enough; atthe top there is always room“

(Michael Schumacher, race driver)

Room 0.2320 & 21 september 2017, Cardiff


Entrepreneurship

Chaired by:

Wim FyenCoordinator of the Leuven Community for Innovation driven Entrepreneurship (Lcie), BE

How can entrepreneurship and social enterprises offer new perspectives for SSH research?

Recommendation:

- Entrepreneurship is a semantically very loaded word

- It’s more about the mindset of people and faculty

- There is a real value of SSH skills in entrepreneurial projects

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