PlayStation (console) 1

PlayStation (console)

The original model design and logo of the PlayStation.Manufacturer Sony Computer Entertainment

Product family PlayStation

Type Video game console

Generation Fifth generation era

Retail availability PlayStationJP December 3, 1994[1]NA September 9, 1995[2]EU September 29, 1995[3]AUS November 15, 1995[4]

PSoneJP July 7, 2000NA September 19, 2000EU September 29, 2000

Discontinued March 23, 2006

Units sold 102 million (as of July 20, 2008)[5]

Units shipped 102.49 million, including 28.15 million PS one units (as of March 31, 2005)[6]

Media CD-ROM

CPU MIPS R3000A-family R3051@ 33.8688 MHz

Storage capacity Memory card

Best-selling game Gran Turismo, 10.85 million shipped (as of April 30, 2008)[7] [8]

Successor PlayStation 2

The PlayStation (abbreviated PS, PSone,[9] PSX (which it was known as early in development; not to be confusedwith the DVR PSX) or PS1) is a 32-bit fifth-generation video game console first released by Sony ComputerEntertainment in Japan on December 3, 1994.[1]

The PlayStation was the first of PlayStation series of console and handheld game devices. Successor consoles andupgrades include the Net Yaroze, PS one, PSX, PocketStation, PlayStation 2, PlayStation Portable, and PlayStation3.[10] The PlayStation was the first "computer entertainment platform" to ship 100 million units, which it hadreached 9 years and 6 months after its initial launch.[11]

PlayStation (console) 2

Early development

An original PlayStation control pad. This modelwas later replaced by the Dual Analog, and then

the DualShock.

The first conceptions of the PlayStation date back to 1986. Nintendohad been attempting to work with CD-ROM technology since theFamicom, but the medium had problems. The discs were a copyrightinfringement danger. Consequently, when details of CDROM/XA (anextension of the CD-ROM format that combines compressed audio,visual, and computer data, allowing all to be accessed simultaneously)came out, Nintendo was interested. CD-ROM/XA was beingsimultaneously developed by Sony and Philips. Nintendo approachedSony to develop a CD-ROM add-on, tentatively titled the "SNES-CD".A contract was signed, and work began. Nintendo's choice of Sony wasdue to a prior dealing: Ken Kutaragi, the person who would later bedubbed "The Father of the PlayStation", was the individual who had

sold Nintendo on using the Sony SPC-700 processor for use as the eight-channel ADPCM sound set in the SuperFamicom/SNES console through an impressive demonstration of the processor's capabilities.[12] Sony also plannedto develop a Super Famicom-compatible, Sony-branded console, but one which would be more of a homeentertainment system playing both Super Nintendo cartridges and a new CD format which Sony would design. Thiswas also to be the format used in SNES-CD discs, giving a large degree of control to Sony despite Nintendo'sleading position in the video gaming market.

The DualShock controller.

The SNES-CD was to be announced at the May 1991 ConsumerElectronics Show (CES). However, when Hiroshi Yamauchi read theoriginal 1988 contract between Sony and Nintendo, he realized that theearlier agreement essentially handed Sony complete control over anyand all titles written on the SNES CD-ROM format. Yamauchi decidedthat the contract was totally unacceptable and he secretly canceled allplans for the joint Nintendo-Sony SNES CD attachment. Instead ofannouncing a partnership between Sony and Nintendo, at 9 a.m. theday of the CES, Nintendo chairman Howard Lincoln stepped onto thestage and revealed that Nintendo was now allied with Philips, andNintendo was planning on abandoning all the previous work Nintendoand Sony had accomplished. Lincoln and Minoru Arakawa had, unbeknownst to Sony, flown to Philips headquartersin Europe and formed an alliance of a decidedly different nature—one that would give Nintendo total control over itslicenses on Philips machines. After the collapse of the joint project, Sony considered halting their research, butultimately the company decided to use what they had developed so far and make it into a complete, stand-aloneconsole. As a result, Nintendo filed a lawsuit claiming breach of contract and attempted, in US federal court, toobtain an injunction against the release of the PlayStation, on the grounds that Nintendo owned the name. Thefederal judge presiding over the case denied the injunction and, in October 1991, the first incarnation of the newPlayStation was revealed. However, it is theorized that only 200 or so of these machines were ever produced.

PlayStation (console) 3

PlayStation Memory Card.

By the end of 1992, Sony and Nintendo reached a deal whereby the"PlayStation" would still have a port for SNES games, but Nintendo wouldown the rights and receive the bulk of the profits from the games, and theSNES would continue to use the Sony-designed audio chip. However, Sonydecided in early 1993 to begin reworking the "PlayStation" concept to target anew generation of hardware and software. As part of this process the SNEScartridge port was dropped and the space between the names was removed,thereby ending Nintendo's involvement with the project.

Launch

The PlayStation was launched in Japan on December 3, 1994, North Americaon September 9, 1995,[2] Europe on September 29, 1995,[3] and Oceania inNovember 15, 1995.[4] The launch price in the American market wasUS$299[2] (a price point later used by its successor, the PlayStation 2),[13] and Sony enjoyed a very successfullaunch with titles of almost every genre, including Battle Arena Toshinden, Warhawk, Air Combat, Philosoma andRidge Racer. Almost all of Sony's and Namco's launch titles went on to spawn numerous sequels.

FunctionsThe PlayStation console possesses a number of features, in addition to playing games, has the ability to read and playaudio CDs. The CD player has the ability to shuffle the playback order, play the songs in a programmed order, andrepeat one song or the entire disk. This function, as well as a memory card manager, can be accessed by starting theconsole without inserting a game, thereby accessing a system menu. The original PlayStation and PSone menusdiffer. The PlayStation menu has a dark blue background and buttons that are designed like rainbow graffiti; thePSone has a blocked gray background with 2 icons, one with 2 memory cards on it, the other with a keyboard andsome notes. If a game is put in the system at any time on the menu, the game will immediately start.

TitlesAs of September 30, 2007, a total of 7,918 software titles have been released worldwide (counting games released inmultiple regions as separate titles).[14] As of March 31, 2007, the cumulative software shipment was at 962 millionunits.[15] The very last game for the system released in the United States was FIFA Football 2005. However, it canbe noted that on 07/26/07 in Japan and 03/18/08 in the US, Metal Gear Solid: The Essential Collection was releasedwhich contained new printings of the PlayStation 1 game Metal Gear Solid. The discs were in the PlayStation formatand playable on the PlayStation and PS One.[16]

The OK and Cancel buttons on most of the Japanese PlayStation games are reversed in their North American and European releases. In Japan, the

PlayStation (console) 4

button (maru, right) is used as the OK button, while the

button (batsu, wrong) is used as Cancel. North American and European releases have the

PlayStation (console) 5

button or the

buttons as the OK button, while either the

PlayStation (console) 6

or the

PlayStation (console) 7

buttons are used as Cancel (some titles like Xenogears used the

button for cancelling actions and selections, along with the PlayStation 2 system browser and the XrossMedia Bar on the PlayStation 3 and the PSP). However, a few games such as Squaresoft's Vagrant Story, Final Fantasy VII (with the

PlayStation (console) 8

button was used forthe cancel button), and Final Fantasy Tactics, Namco's Ridge Racer Type 4 and Konami's Metal Gear Solid, havethe buttons remain in the same Japanese configurational layout. Some games like Japanese version of Gran Turismohad used different control similar to North American games. These Japanese button layouts still apply to otherPlayStation consoles, such as the PlayStation Portable (PSP), PlayStation 2, and the PlayStation 3. This is because inthe early years Sony America (SCEA), Sony Europe (SCEE), and Sony Japan (SCEJ) had different development andtesting documents (TRCs) for their respective territories.

Variants

Developer's kit PlayStation (PAL)

The PlayStation went through a number of variants during itsproduction run, each accompanied by a change in the part number.From an external perspective, the most notable change was the gradualreduction in the number of external connectors on the unit. This startedvery early on—the original Japanese launch units (SCPH-1000) had anS-Video port, which was removed on the next release. This also led tothe strange situation where the US and European launch units had thesame part number series (SCPH-100x) as the Japanese launch units,but had different hardware (Rev. C silicon and no S-Video port)—theywere the same as the Japanese SCPH-3000, so for consistency shouldhave been SCPH-3001 and SCPH-3002 (this numbering was used forthe Yaroze machines, which were based on the same hardware and numbered DTL-H3000, DTL-H3001, andDTL-H3002). Also, the first models (DTL-H1000, DTL-H1001, DTL-H1002) had some problems with printffunction and developers had to use another function instead. This series of machines had a reputation for CD driveproblems—the optical pickup sled was made of thermoplastic, and eventually developed wear spots that moved thelaser into a position where it was no longer parallel with the CD surface—a modification was made that replaced thesled with a die-cast one with hard nylon inserts, which corrected the problem.

PlayStation (console) 9

With the release of the next series (SCPH-500x), the numbers moved back into sync. A number of changes weremade to the unit internally (CD drive relocated, shielding simplified, PSU wiring simplified) and the RCA jacks andRFU power connectors were removed from the rear panel. This series also contained the SCPH-550x andSCPH-555x units, but these appear to have been bundle changes rather than actual hardware revisions.These were followed by the SCPH-700x and SCHP-750x series—they are externally identical to the SCPH-500xmachines, but have internal changes made to reduce manufacturing costs (for example, the system RAM went from 4chips to 1, and the CD controller went from 3 chips to 1).The final revision to the original PlayStation was the SCPH-900x series—these had the same hardware as theSCPH-750x machines with the exception of the removal of the parallel port and a slight reduction in the size of thePCB. The removal of the parallel port was probably partly because no official add-on had ever been released for it,and partly because it was being used to connect cheat cartridges that could be used to defeat the copy protection.The PS one was based on substantially the same hardware as the SCPH-750x and 900x, but had the serial portremoved, the controller / memory card ports moved to the main PCB and the power supply replaced with a DC-DCconverter that was also on the main PCB.With the early units, many gamers experienced skipping full-motion video or dreaded physical "ticking" noisescoming from their PlayStations. The problem appears to have come from poorly placed vents leading to overheatingin some environments—the plastic moldings inside the console would warp very slightly and create knock-on effectswith the laser assembly. The solution was to ensure the console was sat on a surface which dissipated heat efficientlyin a well vented area, or raise the unit up slightly by propping something at its edges. A common fix for alreadyaffected consoles was to turn the PlayStation sideways or upside-down (thereby using gravity to cancel the effects ofthe warped interior) although some gamers smacked the lid of the PlayStation to make a game load or work.Earliest series had potentiometers on the board for adjusting the reading mechanism, named BIAS, GAIN and anunknown one. By connecting a voltmeter between the upper-most metering point near the BIAS potentiometer andthe chassis, the resulting voltage could be read. The supposed right values are 1.70V when a CD is spinning at 1xspeed and 1.85V when a CD is spinning at 2x speed. Further tuning was also possible on the unique potentiometerpresent on the CD drive. Later series featured an automatic laser calibration mechanism.Sony then released a version dubbed "Dual Shock", which included a controller with two analog sticks and a built-invibration-feedback feature.Another version that was colored blue (as opposed to regular console units that were grey in color) was available togame developers and select press. Later versions of this were colored green—on a technical level, these units werealmost identical to the retail units, but had a different CD controller in them that did not require the region codefound on all pressed disks, since they were intended to be used with CD-R media for debugging. This also allowedthe use of discs from different regions, but this was not officially supported; different debug stations existed for eachregion. The two different color cases were not cosmetic—the original blue debug station (DTL-H100x, DTL-H110x)contained "Revision B" silicon, the same as the early retail units (these units had silicon errata that needed softwareworkarounds), the green units (DTL-H120x) had Rev. C hardware. As part of the required tests, the user had to testthe title on both. Contrary to popular belief, the RAM was the same as the retail units at 2 MB. The firmware wasnearly identical—the only significant change was that debug printf()s got sent to the serial port if the title didn't openit for communications—this used a DTL-H3050 serial cable (the same as the one used for the Yaroze).Another version (SCPH-5903) was also produced that had the ability to play VCDs—this was only sold in Asia,since that format never really caught on anywhere else. From a developer perspective, the white PlayStation could betreated exactly like any other NTSC:J PlayStation.

PlayStation (console) 10

"Chipped" consolesThe installation of a modchip allowed the PlayStation's capabilities to be expanded, and several options were madeavailable. By the end of the system's life cycle almost anyone with minimal soldering experience was able to realizethe modification of the console. Such a modification allowed the playing of games from other regions, such as PALtitles on an NTSC console, or allowed the ability to play copies of original games without restriction. Modchipsallow the playing of games recorded on a regular CD-R. This created a wave of games developed without officialapproval using free, unofficial tools, as well as the reproduction of original discs. With the introduction of suchdevices the console was very attractive to programmers and illegal copiers alike.A previous theory was that anyone seeking to create copies of games that would work correctly faced several issuesat the time, as the discs that were produced by Sony were designed to be difficult to copy — and impossible to copyon recordable media. Discs were manufactured with a black-colored plastic (transparent only to the infrared radiationused by CD-ROM lasers), and it was theorized that the PlayStation's drive was engineered to require these tinteddiscs. However, this has been easily disproven, as PlayStation CD-ROMs can be read by most CD drives, and thePlayStation will read most recordable CDs. Nonetheless, the discs were mastered with a specific wobble in thelead-in area. This wobble encodes a four-character sequence which is checked by the CD-ROM drive's controllerchip. The drive will only accept the disc if the code is correct. This string varies depending on the region of thedisk—"SCEI" for NTSC:J machines, "SCEA" for NTSC:U/C machines, "SCEE" for PAL machines and "SCEW" forthe Net Yaroze. Since the tracking pattern is pressed into the disc at the time of manufacture, this cannot bereproduced on a CD-R recorder. Some companies (notably Datel) did manage to produce discs that booted onunmodified retail units, but this required special equipment and can only be done with "pressed" discs. However,inexpensive modchips were created that simply injected the code to the appropriate connections to the controllerchip, which provided an easy way of bypassing these measures. The other issue is that most PC drives used Mode 1or Mode 2/Form 1 (2048 bytes/sector) and the PlayStation uses a mixed-mode format with most data in Mode2/Form 1 and streaming audio/video data in Mode 2/Form 2, which most CD-R drives at the time could not handlewell. Newer drives were able to correctly handle these variations.The creation and mass-production of these inexpensive modchips, coupled with their ease of installation, marked thebeginning of widespread console videogame copyright infringement. Also, CD burners were made available aroundthis time. Prior to the PlayStation, the reproduction of copyrighted material for gaming consoles was restricted toeither enthusiasts with exceptional technical ability, or others that had access to CD manufacturers. With thisconsole, amateurs could replicate anything Sony was producing for a mere fraction of the MSRP.

Net YarozeA version of the PlayStation called the Net Yaroze was also produced. It was more expensive than the originalPlayStation, colored black instead of the usual gray, and most importantly, came with tools and instructions thatallowed a user to be able to program PlayStation games and applications without the need for a full developer suite,which cost many times the amount of a PlayStation and was only available to approved video game developers.Naturally, the Net Yaroze lacked many of the features the full developer suite provided. Programmers were alsolimited by the 2 MB of total game space that Net Yaroze allowed. The amount of space may seem small, but gameslike Ridge Racer ran entirely from the system RAM (except for the streamed music tracks). It was unique in that itwas the only officially retailed PlayStation with no regional lockout; it would play games from any territory. Itwould not however play CD-R discs, so it was not possible to create self-booting Yaroze games without a modifiedPlayStation.

PlayStation (console) 11

PS one

The redesigned PSone with an LCD Screen andDualShock controller

The PS one (also PSOne), launched in 2000, is Sony's smaller,redesigned version of its PlayStation video game console. The PSone is considerably smaller than the original PlayStation(dimensions being 38 mm × 193 mm × 144 mm versus 45 mm ×260 mm × 185 mm). It was released on July 7, 2000,[17] and wenton to outsell all other consoles—including Sony's own brand-newPlayStation 2—throughout the remainder of the year.[18] Sony alsoreleased a small LCD screen and an adaptor to power the unit foruse in cars. The PS one is fully compatible with all PlayStationsoftware. There were four differences between the "PS One" andthe original. The first was a cosmetic change to the console. Thesecond was the home menu's Graphical User Interface. The thirdwas an added protection against the use of modchips (by changingthe internal layout and making previous-generation modchip devices unusable). The fourth is a lack of the originalPlayStation's parallel and serial ports. The serial port allowed multiple consoles to be connected for multiplayer,connecting a console to debugging software, as well as third-party game enhancement devices such as theGameShark.

Summary of PlayStation modelsThe last digit of the PlayStation model number denotes the region in which it was sold:• 0 is Japan (Japanese boot ROM, NTSC:J region, NTSC Video, 100V PSU)• 1 is USA/Canada (English boot ROM, NTSC:U/C region, NTSC Video, 110V PSU)• 2 is Europe/PAL (English boot ROM, PAL region, PAL Video, 220V PSU)• 3 is Asia (Japanese boot ROM, NTSC:J region, NTSC video, 220V PSU)

Consumer models

Model: Case: BIOS:Hardware:

Region: A/VDirectOut:

ParallelPort:

SerialPort:

SoundScope:

Notes:

SCPH-1000 Original(Grey)

Unknown(09/22/94)

Rev. A NTSC-J Yes Yes Yes No FMV skipping issues. S-Videodirect out.

SCPH-1001 Original(Grey)

2.2(12/04/95)

Rev. B NTSC-U/C

Yes Yes Yes No FMV skipping issues.Based on SCPH-3000 series.

SCPH-1002 Original(Grey)

2.0(05/10/95)

Rev. B PAL Yes Yes Yes No

SCPH-1002 Original(Grey)

2.1(07/17/95)

Rev. B PAL Yes Yes Yes No

SCPH-1002 Original(Grey)

2.2(12/04/95)

Rev. B PAL Yes Yes Yes No

PlayStation (console) 12

SCPH-3000 Original(Grey)

1.1(01/22/95)

Rev. B NTSC-J Yes Yes Yes No FMV skipping issues. Earliestunits had a PU-7 board, furtherunits featured a PU-8 board likeSCPH-1002.

SCPH-3500 Original(Grey)

2.1(07/17/95)

Rev. B NTSC-J Yes Yes Yes No FMV skipping issues.

SCPH-5000 Original(Grey)

2.2(12/04/95)

Rev. C NTSC-J No Yes Yes No CD-ROM drive re-located on rightside of CD bay.Lens carriage reinforced andpower simplified, fixing FMVskipping issues.A/V direct out and RFU powerconnector removed.Model numbers synchronizedworldwide.Lens assembly attuned specificallyto the black disks to circumventpiracy.SCPH-5552:A very rare Men in Blackpromotional model exists with ablack case and the film's logo onthe CD lid.SCPH-5903:Only model capable of playingVideo CD movies.This model also has RCA plugs,like earlier PlayStation models.

SCPH-5001 Original(Grey)

Unknown(Unknown)

Rev. C NTSC-U/C

No Yes Yes No

SCPH-5002 Original(Grey)

Unknown(Unknown)

Rev. C PAL No Yes Yes No

SCPH-5003 Original(Grey)

Unknown(Unknown)

Rev. C NTSC-J No Yes Yes No

SCPH-5500 Original(Grey)

3.0(09/09/96)

Rev. C NTSC-J No Yes Yes No

SCPH-5501 Original(Grey)

3.0(11/18/96)

Rev. C NTSC-U/C

No Yes Yes No

SCPH-5502 Original(Grey)

3.0(01/06/97)

Rev. C PAL No Yes Yes No

SCPH-5503 Original(Grey)

Unknown(Unknown)

Rev. C NTSC-J No Yes Yes No

SCPH-5552 Original(Grey)

3.0(01/06/97)

Rev. C PAL No Yes Yes No

SCPH-5903 Original(White)

Unknown(Unknown)

Rev. C NTSC-J Yes Yes Yes No

PlayStation (console) 13

SCPH-7000 Original(Grey)

4.0(08/18/97)

Rev. C NTSC-J No Yes Yes Yes DualShock now standard.Introduction of Sound Scope.Major manufacturing costreductions took place from thismodel onwards.The number of memory chips andCD-ROM controllers werereduced, other components weresimplified.SCPH-7000, SCPH-7001, andSCPH-7002:Available in midnight blue aspromotional item to celebrate the10 millionth PlayStation sold.

SCPH-7001 Original(Grey)

4.1(12/16/97)

Rev. C NTSC-U/C

No Yes Yes Yes

SCPH-7002 Original(Grey)

4.1(12/16/97)

Rev. C PAL No Yes Yes Yes

SCPH-7003 Original(Grey)

3.0(11/18/96)

Rev. C NTSC-J No Yes Yes Yes

SCPH-7500 Original(Grey)

Unknown(Unknown)

Rev. C NTSC-J No Yes Yes Yes

SCPH-7501 Original(Grey)

4.1(12/16/97)

Rev. C NTSC-U/C

No Yes Yes Yes

SCPH-7502 Original(Grey)

4.1(12/16/97)

Rev. C PAL No Yes Yes Yes

SCPH-7503 Original(Grey)

4.1(12/16/97)

Rev. C NTSC-J No Yes Yes Yes

SCPH-9000 Original(Grey)

4.0(08/18/97)

Rev. C NTSC-J No No Yes Yes Parallel port removed.Motherboard PCB reduced in size.Higher quality CD-Rom thanprevious models.

SCPH-9001 Original(Grey)

4.1(12/16/97)

Rev. C NTSC-U/C

No No Yes Yes

SCPH-9002 Original(Grey)

4.1(12/16/97)

Rev. C PAL No No Yes Yes

SCPH-9003 Original(Grey)

Unknown(Unknown)

Rev. C NTSC-J No No Yes Yes

SCPH-100 PS one(White)

4.3(03/11/00)

Rev. C NTSC-J No No No Yes Redesigned smaller case.Controller and memory card portsintegrated onto motherboard.Serial port removed.Has external power supply.

SCPH-101 PS one(White)

4.5(05/25/00)

Rev. C NTSC-U/C

No No No Yes

SCPH-102 PS one(White)

4.4(03/24/00)

Rev. C PAL No No No Yes

SCPH-102 PS one(White)

4.5(05/25/00)

Rev. C PAL No No No Yes

SCPH-103 PS one(White)

Unknown(Unknown)

Rev. C NTSC-J No No No Yes

PlayStation (console) 14

Specialty models

Model: Case: BIOS:Hardware:

Region: A/VDirectOut:

ParallelPort:

SerialPort:

SoundScope:

Notes:

DTL-H1000 Original(Blue)

Unknown(09/22/94)

Rev. A NTSC-J Yes Yes Yes No Low quality CD-ROM drive.S-Video direct out. Debugger.Can boot games from any regionand CD-R copies.

DTL-H1000H Original(Grey)

1.1(01/22/95)

Rev. B NTSC-J Yes Yes Yes No Low quality CD-ROM drive.Debugger. Can boot games fromany region and CD-R copies.

DTL-H1001 Original(Blue)

2.0(05/07/95)

Rev. B NTSC-U/C

Yes Yes Yes No Low quality CD-ROM drive.Debugger. Can boot games fromany region and CD-R copies.

DTL-H1001H Original(Grey)

Unknown(Unknown)

Rev. B NTSC-U/C

Yes Yes Yes No Low quality CD-ROM drive.Debugger. Can boot games fromany region and CD-R copies.

DTL-H1002 Original(Blue)

2.0(05/10/95)

Rev. B PAL Yes Yes Yes No Low quality CD-ROM drive.Debugger. Can boot games fromany region and CD-R copies.

DTL-H1100 Original(Blue)

2.2(03/06/96)

Rev. B NTSC-J Yes Yes Yes No Low quality CD-ROM drive.Debugger. Can boot games fromany region and CD-R copies. Hasexternal power supply.

DTL-H1101 Original(Blue)

2.1(07/17/95)

Rev. B NTSC-U/C

Yes Yes Yes No Low quality CD-ROM drive.Debugger. Can boot games fromany region and CD-R copies. Hasexternal power supply.

DTL-H1102 Original(Blue)

2.1(07/17/95)

Rev. B PAL Yes Yes Yes No Low quality CD-ROM drive.Debugger. Can boot games fromany region and CD-R copies. Hasexternal power supply.

DTL-H1200 Original(Green)

2.2(12/04/95)

Rev. C NTSC-J Yes Yes Yes No Low quality CD-ROM drive.Debugger. Can boot games fromany region and CD-R copies.

DTL-H1201 Original(Green)

2.2(12/04/95)

Rev. C NTSC-U/C

Yes Yes Yes No Low quality CD-ROM drive.Debugger. Can boot games fromany region and CD-R copies.

DTL-H1202 Original(Green)

2.2(12/04/95)

Rev. C PAL Yes Yes Yes No Low quality CD-ROM drive.Debugger. Can boot games fromany region and CD-R copies.

DTL-H3000 Original(Black)

Unknown(Unknown)

Rev. B NTSC-J Yes Yes Yes No Low quality CD-ROM drive. NetYaroze hobbyist developmentsystem. Can boot games from anyregion but not CD-R copies.

DTL-H3001 Original(Black)

2.2(12/04/95)

Rev. B NTSC-U/C

Yes Yes Yes No Low quality CD-ROM drive. NetYaroze hobbyist developmentsystem. Can boot games from anyregion but not CD-R copies.

PlayStation (console) 15

DTL-H3002 Original(Black)

2.2(12/04/95)

Rev. B PAL Yes Yes Yes No Low quality CD-ROM drive. NetYaroze hobbyist developmentsystem. Can boot games from anyregion but not CD-R copies.

SuccessorsSony's successor to the PlayStation is the PlayStation 2, which is backwards compatible with its predecessor in that itcan play almost every PlayStation game. Unlike emulators that run on a PC, the PlayStation 2 actually contains theoriginal PlayStation processor, allowing games to run exactly as they do on the PlayStation. For PlayStation 2 gamesthis processor, called the IOP, is used for input and output (memory cards, DVD drive, network, and hard drive).Like its predecessor, the PlayStation 2 is based on hardware developed internally by Sony.The third generation of the PlayStation known as the PlayStation 3 (abbreviated PS3), was launched on November11, 2006 in Japan, November 17, 2006 in North America, and March 23, 2007 in Europe. The PlayStation 3 wasinitially backward compatible with all games that were originally made for the PlayStation and PlayStation 2, butdue to the removal of the PlayStation 2 Emotion Engine Chip after the introduction of the 40 GB version, thecapability to play PlayStation 2 discs is limited now to software emulation, and the capability to play originalPlayStation games is still possible. While PS3 games are not region-locked, PlayStation and PlayStation 2 gamesstill only play on a PS3 console from the same territory. The redesigned "Slim" form factor PS3 introduced in 2009has had the ability to play PlayStation 2 games entirely removed, though it can still play games from the originalPlayStation.The PlayStation Portable (abbreviated PSP) is a handheld game console first released in late 2004. The PSP iscapable of playing PlayStation games downloaded via Sony's online store, and can also play any PlayStation gameby using the PlayStation 3's remote play feature while the disc in the PlayStation 3. Sony hopes to release nearly allPlayStation games on a gradual basis.[19] It is also possible to convert original PlayStation disc images intoexecutable binaries using freely available software. These games are then playable on PSPs that have been modifiedto run unsigned code.

An originalPlayStation 2

An originalPlayStation 3.

A 1000 series PlayStation Portable

LegacyThe success of the PlayStation is widely believed to have influenced the demise of the cartridge-based home console.While not the first system to utilize an optical disc format, it was the first success story, and ended up goinghead-to-head with the last major home console to rely on proprietary cartridges—the Nintendo 64.Nintendo was very public about its skepticism toward using CDs and DVDs to store games, citing longer load timesand durability issues. It was widely speculated that the company was even more concerned with copyrightinfringement, given its substantial reliance on licensing and exclusive titles for its revenue.The increasing complexity of games (in content, graphics, and sound) pushed cartridges to their storage limits andthis fact began to turn off third party developers. Also, CDs were appealing to publishers due to the fact that they

PlayStation (console) 16

could be produced at a significantly lower cost and offered more flexibility (it was easy to change production to meetdemand). In turn, they were able to pass the lower costs onto consumers.

Quality of constructionThe first batch of PlayStations used a KSM-440AAM laser unit whose case and all movable parts were completelymade out of plastic. Over time, friction caused the plastic tray to wear out—usually unevenly. The placement of thelaser unit close to the power supply accelerated wear because of the additional heat, which made the plastic evenmore vulnerable to friction. Eventually, the tray would become so worn that the laser no longer pointed directly atthe CD and games would no longer load. Sony eventually fixed the problem by making the tray out of die-cast metaland placing the laser unit farther away from the power supply on later models of the PlayStation.Some units, particularly the early 100x models, would be unable to play FMV or music correctly, resulting inskipping or freezing. In more extreme cases the PlayStation would only work correctly when turned onto its side orupside down.

PlayStation (console) 17

Flashing light of deathThe Flashing Light of Death is a malfunction signal in PlayStation gaming platforms. It is similar to the Xbox andXbox 360 Red Ring of Death. The Flashing Light of Death usually happens when the air vents on the PS1 or PS2 areblocked, rarely occurring in the PS3. Unlike the failure indicated by the Red Ring of Death, the problem indicated bythe Flashing Light of Death is temporary.

Technical specifications

Central processing unit

R3051

• MIPS R3000A-compatible 32bit RISC chip running at 33.8688 MHz• The chip is manufactured by LSI Logic Corp. with technology licensed

from SGI.• Features:

• Operating performance of 30 MIPS• Bus bandwidth 132 MB/s• 4 KB Instruction Cache• 1 KB non-associative SRAM Data Cache• 2 MB of main RAM

Geometry transformation engine

• Resides inside the main CPU chip, giving it additional vector mathinstructions used for 3D graphics

• Features:

• Operating performance of 66 MIPS• 360,000 flat-shaded polygons per second• 180,000 texture mapped and light-sourced polygons per second

• Theoretical polygon count in optimal conditions given by Sony:

• 1 million flat-shaded polygons per second;• 500,000 texture mapped and light-sourced polygons per second.

Data decompression engine

• Also residing within the main CPU, it is responsible for decompressingimages and video.

• Documented device mode is to read three RLE-encoded 16×16macroblocks, run IDCT and assemble a single 16×16 RGB macroblock.

• Output data may be transferred directly to GPU via DMA.• It is possible to overwrite IDCT matrix and some additional parameters,

however MDEC internal instruction set was never documented.• Features:

• Compatible with MJPEG and H.261 files• Operating Performance of 80 MIPS• Directly connected to CPU Bus

An early PlayStation motherboard.

PlayStation (console) 18

Graphics processing unit

Name unknown

• Handles 2D graphics processing separate from the main 3Dengine on the CPU

• Features:

• Maximum of 16.7 million colors (24-bit color depth)• Resolutions from 256x224 to 640x480• Adjustable frame buffer• Unlimited color lookup tables• Maximum of 4000 8x8 pixel sprites with individual scaling

and rotation• Emulation of simultaneous backgrounds (for parallax

scrolling)• Flat or Gouraud shading and texture mapping• 1 MB of VRAM

Sound processing unit

Name unknown

• Supports ADPCM sources with up to 24 channels• Sampling rate of up to 44.1 kHz• 512 KB of memory

Other

CD-ROM drive

• 2x, with a maximum data throughput of 300 KB/s• XA Mode 2 Compliant• CD-DA (CD-Digital Audio)• 32 KB buffer

Operation System

• Stored on 512 KB ROM

Memory Card

• 128 KB of space in an EEPROM

See also• List of PlayStation 1 games• Libcrypt• PlayStation Demo Discs• PlayStation Sound Format• Runix• PlayStation palmar hidradenitis

PlayStation (console) 19

External links• PlayStation Home (Europe) [20]

• PlayStation Home (US) [21]

• PlayStation Home (Japan) [22]

• Canadian PlayStation Website Home [23]

• SCEA PlayStation Products Home [24]

• PlayStation [25] at the Open Directory Project• The PlayStation Museum, dedicated to preserving the history of the PlayStation, complete with retail and

prototype game screenshots and information [26]

• The PlayStation Datacenter, a complete PlayStation 1 games database with game screenshots, controls, cheats,covers, etc. [27]

References[1] "Business Development/Japan" (http:/ / www. scei. co. jp/ corporate/ data/ bizdatajpn_e. html). Sony Computer Entertainment Inc. . Retrieved

2007-12-19.[2] "Business Development/North America" (http:/ / www. scei. co. jp/ corporate/ data/ bizdatausa_e. html). Sony Computer Entertainment Inc. .

Retrieved 2007-12-19.[3] "Business Development/Europe" (http:/ / www. scei. co. jp/ corporate/ data/ bizdataeu_e. html). Sony Computer Entertainment. . Retrieved

2007-12-19.[4] "SCEE 1995—Key Facts and Figures" (http:/ / www. scee. presscentre. com/ Content/ Detail. asp?ReleaseID=93& NewsAreaID=22). Sony

Computer Entertainment. . Retrieved 2006-11-25.[5] Chris Nuttall (2008-07-20). "Sony sets 150m sales target for PS3" (http:/ / www. ft. com/ cms/ s/ 1c46ad2e-5678-11dd-8686-000077b07658.

html). Financial Times. . Retrieved 2008-07-21.[6] "PlayStation Cumulative Production Shipments of Hardware" (http:/ / www. scei. co. jp/ corporate/ data/ bizdataps_e. html). Sony Computer

Entertainment. . Retrieved 2007-09-05.[7] Sony Computer Entertainment (2008-05-09). "Gran Turismo Series Shipment Exceeds 50 Million Units Worldwide" (http:/ / asia. playstation.

com/ eng_hk/ index. php?q=node/ 1517). Press release. . Retrieved 2008-06-03.[8] ""Gran Turismo" Series Software Title List" (http:/ / www. polyphony. co. jp/ english/ list. html). Polyphony Digital. April 2008. . Retrieved

2008-06-03.[9] See #PS one[10] Sinclair, Brendan (2006-03-24). "Sony stops making original PS" (http:/ / www. gamespot. com/ news/ 6146549. html). GameSpot. .

Retrieved 2009-08-20.[11] Sony Computer Entertainment (2005-11-30). "PlayStation 2 Breaks Record as the Fastest Computer Entertainment Platform to Reach

Cumulative Shipment of 100 Million Units" (http:/ / www. scei. co. jp/ corporate/ release/ pdf/ 051130e. pdf) (PDF). Press release. . Retrieved2008-06-08.

[12] "Game Over", by David Scheff[13] "PlayStation 2 Timeline" (http:/ / archive. gamespy. com/ articles/ february04/ ps2timeline/ index3. shtml). GameSpy. . Retrieved

2007-07-10.[14] "Cumulative Software Titles" (http:/ / www. scei. co. jp/ corporate/ data/ bizdatatitle_e. html). Sony Computer Entertainment Inc.. .

Retrieved 2007-12-10.[15] "Cumulative Production Shipments of Software Titles" (http:/ / www. scei. co. jp/ corporate/ data/ bizdatapssoft_e. html). Sony Computer

Entertainment. 2007-03-31. . Retrieved 2007-07-10.[16] http:/ / www. gamefaqs. com/ console/ ps2/ data/ 944753. html Gamefaqs Product page[17] "SCEE 2000—Key Facts and Figures" (http:/ / www. scee. presscentre. com/ Content/ Detail. asp?ReleaseID=98& NewsAreaID=22). Sony

Computer Entertainment Europe. . Retrieved 2006-11-25.[18] Smith, Tony (2000-12-06). "Sony PS One sales rocket as PS Two famine continues" (http:/ / www. theregister. co. uk/ 2000/ 12/ 06/

sony_ps_one_sales_rocket/ ). theregister.co.uk. . Retrieved 2008-08-22.[19] Gantayat, Anoop (2006-03-15). "Sony Outlines PSP Future" (http:/ / psp. ign. com/ articles/ 696/ 696079p1. html). IGN. . Retrieved

2007-07-10.[20] http:/ / eu. playstation. com/[21] http:/ / www. us. playstation. com/[22] http:/ / www. jp. playstation. com/[23] http:/ / www. playstation. ca/[24] http:/ / web. archive. org/ web/ 20080113213152/ http:/ / www. playstation. com/ products. html[25] http:/ / www. dmoz. org/ Games/ Video_Games/ Console_Platforms/ Sony/ PlayStation/

PlayStation (console) 20

[26] http:/ / www. Playstationmuseum. com/[27] http:/ / psxdata. snesorama. us/

Article Sources and Contributors 21

Article Sources and ContributorsPlayStation (console)  Source: http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=365347021  Contributors: .:Ajvol:., 03eckersley, 0612, 12341234BrandonG, 15lsoucy, 1exec1, 31Gabe, 32X, 7om, AMan In Black, A Nobody, A man alone, A. 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Image Sources, Licenses and ContributorsImage:Playstation logo colour.svg  Source: http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=File:Playstation_logo_colour.svg  License: unknown  Contributors: DCEvoCE, Eastmain, Rjd0060,Ssolbergj, StevenMarioImage:PlayStationConsole bkg-transparent.png  Source: http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=File:PlayStationConsole_bkg-transparent.png  License: Public Domain  Contributors:Original uploader was Macara at en.wikipediaImage:Playstation Controller.jpg  Source: http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=File:Playstation_Controller.jpg  License: unknown  Contributors: Ffgamera, TakosukeImage:DualShock.jpg  Source: http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=File:DualShock.jpg  License: Creative Commons Attribution-Sharealike 2.1  Contributors: User:PiaCarrotImage:Memory Card for PlayStation.jpg  Source: http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=File:Memory_Card_for_PlayStation.jpg  License: GNU Free Documentation License  Contributors:User:QurrenImage:PlayStationCircle.svg  Source: http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=File:PlayStationCircle.svg  License: Public Domain  Contributors: Original uploader was Tkgd2007 aten.wikipedia Later version(s) were uploaded by ImpClaw at en.wikipedia.

Image Sources, Licenses and Contributors 22

Image:PlayStationX.svg  Source: http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=File:PlayStationX.svg  License: Public Domain  Contributors: Original uploader was ImpClaw at en.wikipedia Laterversion(s) were uploaded by Tkgd2007 at en.wikipedia.Image:PlayStationSquare.svg  Source: http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=File:PlayStationSquare.svg  License: Public Domain  Contributors: Original uploader was Tkgd2007 aten.wikipedia Later version(s) were uploaded by ImpClaw at en.wikipedia.Image:PlayStationTriangle.svg  Source: http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=File:PlayStationTriangle.svg  License: Public Domain  Contributors: Original uploader was Tkgd2007 aten.wikipedia Later version(s) were uploaded by ImpClaw at en.wikipedia.Image:DTL-H1102.jpg  Source: http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=File:DTL-H1102.jpg  License: Creative Commons Attribution 2.5  Contributors: MikroLogika, 3 anonymous editsFile:PSone.jpg  Source: http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=File:PSone.jpg  License: Creative Commons Attribution-Sharealike 2.1  Contributors: User:PiaCarrotImage:SCPH-30000 vertical.jpg  Source: http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=File:SCPH-30000_vertical.jpg  License: GNU Free Documentation License  Contributors: User:QurrenImage:Playstation 3 box controller.jpg  Source: http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=File:Playstation_3_box_controller.jpg  License: Creative Commons Attribution 2.0  Contributors:Michel Ngilen from Des Moines, United StatesImage:Psp1.png  Source: http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=File:Psp1.png  License: GNU Free Documentation License  Contributors: User:Carnildo, User:FilnikImage:PSX mainboard.jpg  Source: http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=File:PSX_mainboard.jpg  License: GNU Free Documentation License  Contributors: Bayo, Holek, Qurren, 1anonymous edits

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