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Plate Tectonics Plate Tectonics

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Page 1: Plate Tectonics. Plate Tectonics is a theory that describes the formation, movements, and interactions of Earth’s plates

Plate TectonicsPlate Tectonics

Page 2: Plate Tectonics. Plate Tectonics is a theory that describes the formation, movements, and interactions of Earth’s plates

Plate TectonicsPlate Tectonics is a is a theory that describes theory that describes

the formation, the formation, movements, and movements, and

interactions of Earth’s interactions of Earth’s plates.plates.

Page 3: Plate Tectonics. Plate Tectonics is a theory that describes the formation, movements, and interactions of Earth’s plates

Alfred Wegener, a Alfred Wegener, a German meteorologist, German meteorologist, proposed a hypothesis proposed a hypothesis called called Continental DriftContinental Drift

in 1912.in 1912.

Page 4: Plate Tectonics. Plate Tectonics is a theory that describes the formation, movements, and interactions of Earth’s plates

Continental DriftContinental Drift supposed that the supposed that the

continents have moved, continents have moved, or drifted, from one or drifted, from one

location to another over location to another over long periodslong periods of time. of time.

Page 5: Plate Tectonics. Plate Tectonics is a theory that describes the formation, movements, and interactions of Earth’s plates

Continental DriftContinental Drift supposed that the supposed that the continents have continents have

moved, or driftedmoved, or drifted, from , from one location to another one location to another

over long periodsover long periods of of time.time.

Page 6: Plate Tectonics. Plate Tectonics is a theory that describes the formation, movements, and interactions of Earth’s plates

Wegener based his idea Wegener based his idea on the following on the following observations:observations:

Page 7: Plate Tectonics. Plate Tectonics is a theory that describes the formation, movements, and interactions of Earth’s plates

The continents had similar shapes.

Page 8: Plate Tectonics. Plate Tectonics is a theory that describes the formation, movements, and interactions of Earth’s plates

The same fossils were found in South America and Africa.

Page 9: Plate Tectonics. Plate Tectonics is a theory that describes the formation, movements, and interactions of Earth’s plates

Similar rock formations were found in South America and Africa.

Page 10: Plate Tectonics. Plate Tectonics is a theory that describes the formation, movements, and interactions of Earth’s plates

Climate Change: Areas once covered in glaciers are now in warmer climate zones.

Page 11: Plate Tectonics. Plate Tectonics is a theory that describes the formation, movements, and interactions of Earth’s plates

Wegener’s idea could not explain how the continents moved.

Page 12: Plate Tectonics. Plate Tectonics is a theory that describes the formation, movements, and interactions of Earth’s plates

The Theory of Plate Tectonics suggests that the continents are part of the

lithospheric plates.

Evidence for this:

Page 13: Plate Tectonics. Plate Tectonics is a theory that describes the formation, movements, and interactions of Earth’s plates

Volcano, Earthquake, and Mountain Belts are located

along plate boundaries.

Page 14: Plate Tectonics. Plate Tectonics is a theory that describes the formation, movements, and interactions of Earth’s plates

The ocean floor gets older away from a mid-ocean

ridge.

Page 15: Plate Tectonics. Plate Tectonics is a theory that describes the formation, movements, and interactions of Earth’s plates

The rock record shows that the magnetic field of the

Earth has reversed many times.

Page 16: Plate Tectonics. Plate Tectonics is a theory that describes the formation, movements, and interactions of Earth’s plates

Types of Plate Boundaries

Page 17: Plate Tectonics. Plate Tectonics is a theory that describes the formation, movements, and interactions of Earth’s plates

Divergent Boundary

Rift Valleys and Mid-Ocean Ridges

Page 18: Plate Tectonics. Plate Tectonics is a theory that describes the formation, movements, and interactions of Earth’s plates

Convergent Boundary

Deep Sea Trenches, Subduction Zones, and Mountain Ranges

Page 19: Plate Tectonics. Plate Tectonics is a theory that describes the formation, movements, and interactions of Earth’s plates

Convergent (2 Types)

Page 20: Plate Tectonics. Plate Tectonics is a theory that describes the formation, movements, and interactions of Earth’s plates

Convergent Subduction

More Dense (Oceanic Crust)

Less Dense (Continental or Oceanic Crust)

Page 21: Plate Tectonics. Plate Tectonics is a theory that describes the formation, movements, and interactions of Earth’s plates

Convergent Collision

Equal Density Continental Crust

Page 22: Plate Tectonics. Plate Tectonics is a theory that describes the formation, movements, and interactions of Earth’s plates

Transform (Strike-Slip) Boundary

San Andreas FaultDivision between North American

and Pacific Plates

Page 23: Plate Tectonics. Plate Tectonics is a theory that describes the formation, movements, and interactions of Earth’s plates

San Andreas FaultDivision between North American

and Pacific Plates

North American Plate

Pacific Plate

Pacifi

c Pl

ate

North

Am

erican

Pla

te

Page 24: Plate Tectonics. Plate Tectonics is a theory that describes the formation, movements, and interactions of Earth’s plates

Types of Plate Boundaries

Page 25: Plate Tectonics. Plate Tectonics is a theory that describes the formation, movements, and interactions of Earth’s plates

Causes of Plate Causes of Plate MovementMovement

Page 26: Plate Tectonics. Plate Tectonics is a theory that describes the formation, movements, and interactions of Earth’s plates

3 Hypotheses3 HypothesesMantle ConvectionMantle Convection

Ridge PushRidge PushSlab PullSlab Pull

Page 27: Plate Tectonics. Plate Tectonics is a theory that describes the formation, movements, and interactions of Earth’s plates

Mantle Convection: The mantle moves Mantle Convection: The mantle moves the plates along as it convects (heats the plates along as it convects (heats

from below). Mantle Convection from below). Mantle Convection Animation #2Animation #2

Page 28: Plate Tectonics. Plate Tectonics is a theory that describes the formation, movements, and interactions of Earth’s plates

Ridge PushRidge Push: The : The accumulating magma at a accumulating magma at a mid-ocean ridge “pushes” mid-ocean ridge “pushes”

material away.material away.

Page 29: Plate Tectonics. Plate Tectonics is a theory that describes the formation, movements, and interactions of Earth’s plates

Slab PullSlab Pull: When a plate : When a plate subducts, it pulls the rest of subducts, it pulls the rest of

the plate with it.the plate with it.