plant reproduction asexual reproduction asexual reproduction is natural “cloning.” parts of the...

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Plant Reproduction

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Page 1: Plant Reproduction Asexual Reproduction Asexual reproduction is natural “cloning.” Parts of the plant, such as leaves or stems, produce roots and become

Plant Reproduction

Page 2: Plant Reproduction Asexual Reproduction Asexual reproduction is natural “cloning.” Parts of the plant, such as leaves or stems, produce roots and become

Asexual Reproduction

• Asexual reproduction is natural “cloning.” Parts of the plant, such as leaves or stems, produce roots and become an independent plant.

Page 3: Plant Reproduction Asexual Reproduction Asexual reproduction is natural “cloning.” Parts of the plant, such as leaves or stems, produce roots and become

Sexual Reproduction

• Sexual reproduction requires fusion of male cells in the pollen grain with female cells in the ovule.

Page 4: Plant Reproduction Asexual Reproduction Asexual reproduction is natural “cloning.” Parts of the plant, such as leaves or stems, produce roots and become

Plant Life Cycle

Page 5: Plant Reproduction Asexual Reproduction Asexual reproduction is natural “cloning.” Parts of the plant, such as leaves or stems, produce roots and become

Alternation of Generations

• Plants have a double life cycle with two distinct forms:

• Sporophyte: diploid, produce haploid spores by meiosis.

• Gametophyte: haploid, produce gametes by mitosis.

Page 6: Plant Reproduction Asexual Reproduction Asexual reproduction is natural “cloning.” Parts of the plant, such as leaves or stems, produce roots and become

Non-flowering plants

• Mosses, ferns, and related plants have motile, swimming sperm.

• What kind of environmental conditions would be required for reproduction in these plants?

Page 7: Plant Reproduction Asexual Reproduction Asexual reproduction is natural “cloning.” Parts of the plant, such as leaves or stems, produce roots and become

Moss Life Cycle

Page 8: Plant Reproduction Asexual Reproduction Asexual reproduction is natural “cloning.” Parts of the plant, such as leaves or stems, produce roots and become

Fern Life Cycle

Page 9: Plant Reproduction Asexual Reproduction Asexual reproduction is natural “cloning.” Parts of the plant, such as leaves or stems, produce roots and become

• Moss life cycle:

• http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=o1z0Vfo62Lg

• Fern life cycle:

• http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Fhk-Y0duNjg

Page 10: Plant Reproduction Asexual Reproduction Asexual reproduction is natural “cloning.” Parts of the plant, such as leaves or stems, produce roots and become

Conifers

• Conifers (also non-flowering plants) have reduced gametophytes.

• Male gametophyte is contained in a dry pollen grain.

• Female gametophyte is a few cells inside of the structures that become the seed.

Page 11: Plant Reproduction Asexual Reproduction Asexual reproduction is natural “cloning.” Parts of the plant, such as leaves or stems, produce roots and become

Conifer life cycle

Page 12: Plant Reproduction Asexual Reproduction Asexual reproduction is natural “cloning.” Parts of the plant, such as leaves or stems, produce roots and become

Conifer pollination

• Conifers are wind-pollinated plants.

• Chance allows some pollen to land on the scales of female cones.

• Pollen germinates, grows a pollen tube into the egg to allow sperm to fertilize the egg.

• Life Cycle: http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=WPfRV8NWkk4

Page 13: Plant Reproduction Asexual Reproduction Asexual reproduction is natural “cloning.” Parts of the plant, such as leaves or stems, produce roots and become

Plant Reproduction Song

• http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=35vPjdTNRU0

Page 14: Plant Reproduction Asexual Reproduction Asexual reproduction is natural “cloning.” Parts of the plant, such as leaves or stems, produce roots and become

Flowers

Page 15: Plant Reproduction Asexual Reproduction Asexual reproduction is natural “cloning.” Parts of the plant, such as leaves or stems, produce roots and become

Flower Parts

Page 16: Plant Reproduction Asexual Reproduction Asexual reproduction is natural “cloning.” Parts of the plant, such as leaves or stems, produce roots and become

Male Reproductive Structure

The stamen consists of two parts: Anther and Filament

The anther is where meiosis occurs to produce haploid pollen

The filament is a stalk that supports the anther

Page 17: Plant Reproduction Asexual Reproduction Asexual reproduction is natural “cloning.” Parts of the plant, such as leaves or stems, produce roots and become

Female Reproductive Structure

The pistil consists of the stigma, style and ovary

The sticky stigma receives the pollen from the anther

The pollen grows a tube down through the style

Meiosis occurs in the ovary to produce haploid ovules

Page 18: Plant Reproduction Asexual Reproduction Asexual reproduction is natural “cloning.” Parts of the plant, such as leaves or stems, produce roots and become

Pollination Wind, insects or

other animals transfer pollen from the anther of one flower to the stigma of another

Flowers vary depending on pollination mechanism

Page 19: Plant Reproduction Asexual Reproduction Asexual reproduction is natural “cloning.” Parts of the plant, such as leaves or stems, produce roots and become

Fertilization After pollen lands on the stigma, a

pollen tube grows down through the style to ovary

Generative cell creates the two sperm nuclei

Double fertilization occurs:

one sperm fertilizes the egg

one sperm the two polar nuclei together

Page 20: Plant Reproduction Asexual Reproduction Asexual reproduction is natural “cloning.” Parts of the plant, such as leaves or stems, produce roots and become

Angiosperm Life Cycle

Page 21: Plant Reproduction Asexual Reproduction Asexual reproduction is natural “cloning.” Parts of the plant, such as leaves or stems, produce roots and become

Gametogenesis: Male

Page 22: Plant Reproduction Asexual Reproduction Asexual reproduction is natural “cloning.” Parts of the plant, such as leaves or stems, produce roots and become

Gametogenesis: Female

Page 23: Plant Reproduction Asexual Reproduction Asexual reproduction is natural “cloning.” Parts of the plant, such as leaves or stems, produce roots and become

Double Fertilization

Page 24: Plant Reproduction Asexual Reproduction Asexual reproduction is natural “cloning.” Parts of the plant, such as leaves or stems, produce roots and become

Result of Double Fertilization

The sperm nucleus and egg nucleus join to form a 2n (diploid) embryo

The other sperm nucleus and the two polar nuclei join to form a 3n (triploid) endosperm. The endosperm is the food supply for the embryo.

First link

Page 25: Plant Reproduction Asexual Reproduction Asexual reproduction is natural “cloning.” Parts of the plant, such as leaves or stems, produce roots and become

Flower to Fruit

Page 26: Plant Reproduction Asexual Reproduction Asexual reproduction is natural “cloning.” Parts of the plant, such as leaves or stems, produce roots and become

Seed and Fruit Development

After fertilization, the petals and sepals fall off flower

Ovary “ripens” into a fruit

The ovule develops into a seed

Page 27: Plant Reproduction Asexual Reproduction Asexual reproduction is natural “cloning.” Parts of the plant, such as leaves or stems, produce roots and become

Seed Dispersal Mechanisms

Wind Dispersal - Flight mechanisms, like parachutes, wings, etc. Ex. Dandelion, maples, birch

Animal Dispersal - Fleshy fruits which animals eat, drop undigested seeds in

feces or burrs which stick to animals’ coats

Page 28: Plant Reproduction Asexual Reproduction Asexual reproduction is natural “cloning.” Parts of the plant, such as leaves or stems, produce roots and become

Gravity Dispersal - Heavy nuts fall to ground and roll

ex. acorns

Water Dispersal - Plantsnear water create floating

fruitsex. coconuts