PLANT AND ANIMAL CELLS AND ORGANELLES

Life Science

Organelles

Organelles = little organs that perform specific jobs in the cell

Organelles are found in eukaryotic cells but not prokaryotic cells

Plant and Animal cells are both examples of eukaryotic cells with organelles

Plant and Animal cells contain many of the same organelles, but there are several differences

Plant vs. Animal CellsThere are three main differences

between plant and animal cells:

1. Plant cells have a cell wall, Animal Cells do not

Plant vs. Animal Cells

2. Plant cells have chloroplasts and Animal Cells do not

Plant vs. Animal Cells

3. Plant cells have larger vacuoles (storage spaces)

Plant vs. Animal CellsPlant Cells1.Chloroplasts

2.Cell wall3.Large vacuole

Animal Cells1.No Chloroplasts

2.No Cell wall3.Small Vacuole

Plant vs. Animal Cells

Organelles

1. Nucleus2. Ribosomes3. Mitochondria4. Chloroplast5. Vacuole6. Endoplasmic reticulum7. Golgi Apparatus8. Plasma Membrane9. Cell Wall

Nucleus Looks like:

Central area where DNA is found

Job: controls the cell

In a factory: Boss

Ribosomes

Looks like: Small particles of RNA in the cytoplasm and on the ER

Job: make proteins (protein synthesis)

In a factory: workers

Mitochondria Looks like: a

bean Job:

powerhouse of the cell-it produces the energy in the form of ATP

In a factory: generator (energy source)

Mitochondria

Chloroplast Looks like:

green stacks of membranes the contain chlorophyll

Job: perform photosynthesis (convert sunlight into energy)

In the factory: greenhouse

Vacuole

Looks like: sac-like organ. HUGE in plant cells

Job: stores water, food, and waste

In a factory: storage room

Endoplasmic Reticulum

Looks like: internal membrane system next to the nucleus (rough ER has ribosomes, smooth ER does not)

Job: transports materials

In a factory: conveyor belt

Golgi Complex (Apparatus)

Looks like: stack of membranes

Job: Packs, sorts, and ships

In a factory: packaging center

Golgi Complex (Apparatus)

Cell (Plasma) Membrane Looks like: layered membrane (called a

lipid bilayer) surrounding

the cell but inside of the

cell wall Job: “the

regulator”-controls what comes in and out of the cell, protects, and supports the cell

In a factory: security guards

Cell Wall Looks like: thick

layer outside the plasma membrane

Job: structure and support

In a factory: Cement wall

Lysosome

Looks like: small, sac-like organ

Job: breaks down wastes

In a factory: recycling center

Location: animal

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