phylum cnidaria (coelenterates) jellies anemones corals hydroids
TRANSCRIPT
Phylum Cnidaria (Coelenterates)
• Jellies• Anemones• Corals• Hydroids
Hydroids (2) & Hydrocorals (2)
Hydroids- usually colonial, skeleton looks branchy like a fern, individual
polyps are attached to branches. Complex life cycle.
Hydrocorals- colonial, marine hydrozoans with a limestone skeleton.
(resemble true corals).
Christmas Tree
• Hydroid
Portuguese Man-Of-War• Hydroid• Dangerous nematocysts-don’t touch and don’t try to pull one off of your friend (you’ll get stung too!)
Branching (Encrusting)Fire Coral
• Hydrocoral• Don’t touch…these
are one reason to be thankful you’ll be wearing a wetsuit!
Blade (Leafy) Fire Coral
• Hydrocoral
Jellyfish (2)
True Jellyfishes- translucent, unattached medusae, swim in open
water, consist of prominent dome and nemotocyst-bearing tentacles
Sea Thimble
• Jellyfish• Tiny and numerous!• We may see these in Andros, but they only sting your
mucus membranes, so you can touch them with your hands!
Upside-down (Cassiopea)• Jellyfish• Blend in well, look in warm shallows• May be coin to pancake size
Gorgonians (8)
Gorgonians- commonly called “soft corals”, lack rigid, permanent
skeletons. Central core is surrounded by gelatinous “rind” with imbedded
polyps.
Corky Sea Fingers
• Gorgonian
Black Sea Rods
• Gorgonian
Porous Sea Rods• Gorgonian• Picture showing pore-like polyps
on right
Bipinnate Sea Plume
• Gorgonian
Yellow Sea Whip
• Gorgonian
Angular Sea Whip• Gorgonian• Commonly seen on
our snorkels. • Picture below shows
details of polyps.
Common Sea Fan
• Gorgonian• Ones we see
will have purple
colored “veins”.
Venus Sea Fan
• Gorgonian• Notice yellow colored
“veins” on the sea fans on the left.
Anemones (4)
Anemones- solitary polyps attached to bottom of sea, lack hard skeletal
parts. Tentacles with nematocysts sting and capture prey which is then
inserted into mouth on oral disc. May contract tentacles for protection.
Giant (aka: Pink-Tipped)
• You will probably see these, especially during our invertebrate walk. Usually pretty small (1-3 in)
Sun
• Anemone
Elegant (Burrowing)
• Anemone
Corkscrew
• Anemone• Look for these
attached to patch reef or wreckage
Zoanthids (2)
Zoanthids- similar to anemones, but tiny (<1/2 in.) and mostly colonial.
Only has 2 rings of tentacles.
Mat
• Zoanthids
White Encrusting
• Zoanthid
Corals (13)Stony Corals- hard corals, reef builders.
Polyps secreting calcium carbonate to form hard cups (corallites) that protect soft bodies.
Increase in size by asexual budding.
NOTE: When snorkeling over a coral head, look for combinations of stony coral,
gorgonians, anemones and other organisms all living together.
Staghorn • Coral• You will see these
often on the main reef!
Elkhorn
• Coral• Ginormous!• These have made a comebackaround Andros~you should see lots!
Finger (Clubbed-finger)
• Coral• Commonly seen on our trip.• Look for the large wall of finger coral by the
oceanic blue hole
Pillar
• Coral
Great Star
• Coral• Smaller picture shows individual polyps
Elliptical Star
• Coral
Golfball
• Coral
Mustard Hill
• Coral• You should see these
nearly every day.
Symmetrical (Smooth) Brain
• Coral
Rose• Coral• Elliptical on left• Hemispherical on right
Lettuce
• Coral
The End
Study your field guides and feel free to access this PowerPoint for review
purposes on the Marine Biology website!