photography workshop: intermediate

Photography Workshop John Pheasant IAAP Tuesday 23 February 5 6 pm

Photography workshop: Intermediate

GeBng to know you

Taking control of your photography Aperture and depth of field ShuHer speed and sense of moIon

PracIcal

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GeBng to know you

How long have you been taking photos?

What do you like to photograph?

What camera do you have?

What would you like to learn in this workshop?

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Taking control

Point and shoot cameras You point but the camera does the interesIng part

SLR and DSLR cameras let you take control Lets look at two essenIal ways of taking control

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Photography basics: revision

What controls your exposure?

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Photography basics: revision

What controls your exposure?

Aperture

ShuHer speed

SensiIvity of the sensor or film

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Photography basics: revision What controls your exposure?

Aperture: the size of the hole through which light enters the camera

ShuHer speed: the length of Ime during which light enters the camera

SensiIvity of the sensor or film: the amount of light needed to record the image

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Photography basics: revision

Aperture: e.g. f/2.8

ShuHer speed: e.g. 1/500 sec SensiIvity of the sensor or film: e.g. ISO 100

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Photography basics: revision There is a mathemaIcal relaIonship between

Aperture

ShuHer speed

SensiIvity of the sensor or film (ISO)

At the same ISO, halving the aperture requires the Ime the shuHer is open to be doubled to make the same exposure

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Aperture and shuHer speed Apertures

Smallest to largest (called stops) f/32, f/22, f/16, f/11, f/8, f/5.6, f/4, f/2.8

ShuHer speeds Fastest to slowest 1/1000 sec, 1/500 sec, 1/250 sec, 1/125 sec, 1/60 sec, 1/30 sec, 1/15 sec, 1/8 sec

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Aperture and shuHer speed The same exposure can be made with different combinaIons of aperture, shuHer speed and ISO, e.g. Aperture: f/2.8 ShuHer speed: 1/500 sec SensiIvity of the sensor or film: ISO 100

Will give the same exposure as Aperture: f/4 (aperture halved) ShuHer speed: 1/250 sec (Ime shuHer is open doubled) SensiIvity of the sensor or film: ISO 100

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Aperture and depth of field

Aperture also controls depth of field (how much of the photo is in focus)

The smaller the hole, the greater the dof The larger the hole, the shallower the dof

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Aperture The larger the hole, the smaller the aperture number

e.g. f/2.8, f/5.6 ( = faster shuHer speeds)

The smaller the hole, bigger the aperture number

e.g. f/11, f/16 ( = slower shuHer speeds)

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Depth of field Everything in focus? Specific subject in focus?

How much depth of field?

Depth of field and low light photography

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Depth of field: shallow

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Depth of field: less shallow

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Depth of field: portraits

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Depth of field: portraits

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Depth of field: low light Greater depth of field = smaller apertures (e.g. f/11, f/16)

Smaller apertures require the shuHer to be open for longer

Slower shuHer speed increases risk of hand shake (blurring)

SoluIon?

Increase ISO

Tip: use auto ISO and set minimum shuHer speed

Allows photographer to vary aperture (dof) without blur

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Depth of field: low light But!

Higher ISO (e.g. 800, 1600) = noise

Noise is a grainy effect in the image

Tip: use lowest ISO as possible (e.g 400 rather than 800)

With higher ISO: reduce noise in ediIng

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ShuHer speed The faster the shuHer speed, the sharper the image (less hand shake or blur)

But, if you slow the shuHer speed, you can create a sense of moIon

For long exposures (1/20 sec and slower), use a tripod

Panning

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ShuHer speed: moIon

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ShuHer speed: moIon This photo was taken at 1/60 sec

At this shuHer speed, the red spokes of the wheel are slightly blurred

This conveys the moIon

The focus is on the inner mechanism pulping the sugar cane

Aperture f/5

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ShuHer speed: water Long exposures (very slow shuHer speeds) will smooth water and give a dreamy effect

Copyright 500px

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ShuHer speed: waterfalls Long exposures (slow shuHer speeds) create a sense of flowing water in rivers and waterfalls

Copyright deviantart

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Select aperture or shuHer speed Never use auto

Select aperture seBng: you control aperture, the camera sets your shuHer speed

I recommend this seBng for most photography

For moIon, select shuHer speed: you control shuHer speed, the camera sets you aperture

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PracIcal

Lets get you taking some photos!

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