phonelines-based home networking

Phonelines-Based Home Networking

Xilinx Spartan-II FPGAs Enable HomePNA-Based Solutions

Agenda

• Home networking - the complete solution• Introducing phoneline home networking• Industry initiated consortiums - HomePNA• Phoneline home networking technology• HomePNA solutions available today• Xilinx Solutions for phoneline home networking

(HomePNA) based products• Summary

Home Networking -The Complete SolutionVision

It’s All About Convergence!

What is Home Networking?• Distribution of audio, video and data between information appliances

– Provide communication, information, multimedia & automation services anywhere and anytime around the home

• Bring the Internet to the hands of the consumer• Interconnect people in data, voice and video

• The interconnection and interoperability of– Home appliances – Entertainment devices– PC hardware – Telecommunication devices– Security, lighting and environmental control systems

Problem: Islands of Technology

Market Requirements and Solutions Available

BroadbandAccess

BroadbandAccess

ResidentialGateway

ResidentialGateway

HomeNetworking

Technologies

HomeNetworking

Technologies

InformationApplicationNetworks

InformationApplicationNetworks

Market RequirementsMarket Requirements Solutions AvailableSolutions Available

High Speed Access for Data, Voice and Video, Always on, Simultaneous Up-link &Down-link Communication,

Support Simultaneous and Multi-User Access

Provides Access into the Home, Remote Management Access

Platform, Bridging between Different Networks, Firewall and Security, E-

Services Capabilities

Low Cost, Speed, Mobility, Quality of Service, Security, Reliability,

Ubiquity, Ease of Use

Digital electronics with advanced computational capabilities that add more value and convenience when

networked

xDSL, Cable, Powerline, Satellite, Mobile/Wireless

Open System Gateway initiative (OSGI), Jini, UPnP, HAVi, DVI

No new wires (Phonelines, Powerlines), New wires (Ethernet, 1394, USB2.0,

Optic Fiber), Wireless (HomeRF, Bluetooth, Wireless LAN)

Digital TV, HDTV, set-top box, internet screen phones, digital VCR, gaming

consoles, MP3 players, cordless phones, security systems, utility

meters, PCs, web pads & terminals, PDAs, digital cameras, auto PCs etc.

Home Networking Technologies

Agenda



IntroducingPhonelines Home Networking

The Home Networking Challenge

• Creating a technology that can deliver high-speed networking in the home is a challenging task– Commercial networks are designed from the ground up to

minimize noise & interference• High-speed, corporate networks typically use fiber optic,

twisted pair, or coaxial cables that are dedicated for a single use

• Manufacturers are free to design commercial network products for reliable, noise-free environments

– Most homes do not have dedicated high-speed network wiring• Cost & labor required to install such wiring is high for

homeowners & small business owners to fund

Home Networking Requirements

• Consumers prefer home networks that – Use the existing wiring infrastructure – Are easy to install– Leverage existing standards – Work together with common OS and software platforms

• Home networks must implement a QoS mechanism– Quality of service provides low latency for telephony, and

streaming audio & video applications• Home networks should be very robust and provide connectivity to

essentially every home

Home Networking Requirements

• Home networks should support data rates in excess of 10Base-T Ethernet – Provide scalability to 100Mbps– Compatible with earlier generations and be future safe

• Employ scalable & extensible designs to prevent “fork-lift” replacements when upgrading networks in the future

• They must provide reasonable privacy at the physical layer• Home networks must be implementable at low cost with a wide

variety of products

Phoneline Home Networking

• Networking information appliances in the homes using existing phone lines infrastructure– Using existing phone lines and regular phone jacks to connect

consumer devices such as PCs, digital TVs, DVD/MP3/CD players to each other and to the Internet

– Exchange of data, voice and video between appliances using phone lines

Are Phonelines A Natural Solution for Home Networking?• Yes

– Phonelines meet most of the HN requirements• Uses pre-existing home telephone wiring to transmit data

– Phonelines HN is promoted aggressively by the home phoneline networking alliance (HomePNA)

• 115+ members • Endorsed by top OEMs for different industries

– PC manufacturers sell phoneline home networks as add-on with PCs

– Technology can be easily integrated into silicon

Are Phonelines A Natural Solution for Home Networking?• But

– Home phonelines were not designed for high speed data transmission between multiple appliances

– Phone jacks are not ubiquitous in every home worldwide• Technology could lose momentum when it attempts to

move beyond the US – While US households tend to have multiple phone

jacks, other countries are often limited to one or two phone jacks per home

– Homes with multiple phone lines are limited to confining the network to one phoneline

Issues• Random wiring topologies & signal attenuation

– Telephone wiring structure within each home is different– Home phoneline wiring system is a random “tree” topology

• It is not a hub structure similar to business networks• Simply plugging in the phone or disconnecting the fax changes

the tree• This topology can cause signal attenuation

– Open plugs & unterminated devices can cause impedance mismatches, signal echoes & lead to multi-path signals

• Signal noise– Appliances, heaters, air conditioners, consumer appliances &

telephones can introduce signal noise onto the phone wires

Issues• Changing transmission line characteristics

– Network must be able to function reliably despite changes resulting from someone picking up the phone or receiving a fax, or an answering machine recording a message

• Coexistence with other phone line equipment & compliance with FCC regulation– Must use signals with low power levels

• Further complicates the task of establishing adequate signal-to-noise ratio

– Must work without interrupting existing phone services• Performance

– High reliability at speeds of at least 1Mbps

Phoneline Market Outlook• Huge short-term and long-term growth outlook for phoneline home

networking*– In 2000, phoneline-based home networks will account for 34%

of the installed base– By 2004, proportion will grow to 72% of total HN market’s

installed base• Widespread PC OEM support & multiple aftermarket

solutions• HomePNA is the de facto phoneline networking standard• Widespread educational marketing campaign will gain

marketing acceptance for the technology* Source: IDC

Agenda



Consortiums -HomePNA

Home Phoneline Networking Alliance

About HomePNA

• An association of 115+ industry-leading companies – Represented by PC, networking, semiconductor sectors– Founded by 3Com, AMD, AT&T, Compaq, Epigram (now

Broadcom), HP, IBM, Intel, Lucent Technologies, Conexant & Tut Systems

– Xilinx is a member & active participant• Ensures adoption of a single, unified phoneline networking

standard and rapidly bring to market a range of interoperable home networking solutions

Importance of the Alliance

• Leading companies have combined their efforts to foster the creation of standards for an entirely new market – Become the de facto & officially adopted std.

• Facilitates the rapid proliferation of affordable in-home networking products

• Alliance has adopted a technology from Tut Systems that will allow consumers to establish home networks that can run 1Mbps over existing telephone wires

• Member companies pool their resources– To develop future specs for higher speed home phoneline

networking & interoperate

Primary Objectives

• Ensure mass deployment – Consumer friendly, low cost, no-new-wires solution for

in-home, phoneline based networking solution• Industry standardization

– Through widespread deployment & acceptance by appropriate standards bodies such as ITU & IEEE

Primary Objectives (contd.)

• Develop certification standards to ensure interoperability – Between HPNA products from broadest range of technology &

equipment vendors– Between complimentary home networking technologies such

as HomeRF– Compatibility with high-speed Internet access technologies

such as UADSL• Define & articulate a roadmap for current & next-generation

technologies– Ensuring investment protection through backward compatibility

Advantages of HomePNA

• Ensures a single, unified phoneline networking standard– Widely supported alliance

• Rapidly brings to market a range of interoperable home networking solutions

• A single, well-known standard helps alleviate confusion – Enables more sales

• Inexpensive– Several solutions at lower prices

• Easy installation & network management– “No new wires” concept kept in place

• Robust data throughput solution

Agenda



Phoneline Home Networking Technology

Technology -Leveraging Standards

• Only protocols that have been extensively tested for many years in real use are ready for large scale deployment

• HPNA has chosen IEEE-802.3 layer 2 networking– Uses 802.3 framing & Ethernet CSMA/CD MAC behavior

• Guarantees– Interoperability between equipment from multiple

manufacturers– Support for networking standards, particularly IP suite

Technology - QoS Support

• HN applications such as transport of digital audio, video and voice (IP telephony) drive the need for QoS– Latency in voice connection must be controlled below 10 to 20

ms for voice quality to be maintained• HPNA 2.0 has an aggregate throughput of 10Mbps

– Adequate for many application scenerios – Burst loads presented by TCP transfers between PCs without

QoS makes the network unable to meet the latency & guaranteed bandwidth service requirements

• HPNA 2.0 MAC layer introduces 8 priority levels & an improved collision resolution technique

Technology - Robustness• Ad hoc home wiring topology results in

– Reflections & frequency-dependent channel transfer functions– Uncharacterized & highly variable wire transmission

parameters especially at higher frequencies– Telephone instruments on the same wiring that present a wide

range of frequency-dependent impedance– POTS signaling & ringing which produces significant transients– Impulse noise coupled from AC power wiring that is seen on

many phonelines– RF ingress & egress particularly in the amateur RF bands

• Phonelines are robust supporting up to 500 feet of phone wire between devices connected to RJ-11 jacks

Technology - Performance

• Rating of up to 10Mbps• HPNA 2.0 with a self-describing frame format with PHY-

level signals directly control equalizer training & demodulation

Technology - PHY Layer Privacy

• Powerline & wireless technologies allow users to share the same physical medium– Encryption at the link level helps attain a degree of privacy

equivalent to the phone line– Requires some user user key configuration thus defeating the

plug-and-play objective• Privacy in phone wires is not a substitute for true cryptographic

security

Technology -Future Safeness & Cost

• Future safeness– Once installed home networks remain in place for several

years– Home networks interfaces become embedded in appliances

and impossible to replace– Good HN technologies build future generation interoperability

into current generations • Cost

– Home networks should be at consumer prices with few, additional requirements of external components

Phoneline HN Technology

• Based on HomePNA 2.0 - the de facto industry standard• Easy to use

– User must install the software, set up the network through both the software settings & physically connect to the phone jack

• Security is excellent– Each home has a unique phone circuit (phone number) from

the phone company’s CO

Critical Aspects of the Phoneline HN Technology

• Foundation is based on Ethernet technology– Packet based architecture

• Spectral compatibility – Allows the network to coexist with other telephone services

and emerging broadband Internet access• High performance encoding scheme

Leveraging Ethernet Technology

• Home phoneline networking technology uses standard Ethernet technology– It is adapted to overcome challenges of the home phoneline

environment– Enables phoneline HN to leverage the tremendous amount of

Ethernet-compatible software that exists today while meeting the needs of the home environment

• IEEE 802.3 compliant MAC• CSMA/CD as access method for sharing the baseband signal on

the home network bus– Carrier Sense Multiple Access with Collision Detect

CSMA/CD

• When a station has data to send, it first listens to the channel to see if any other station is transmitting

• If the channel is busy, the station waits until it becomes idle• Collisions occur when 2 stations listen for traffic, hear none, and

then transmit simultaneously– This causes both transmissions to be damaged– Stations must retransmit at some later time

• Back-off algorithm determines when the colliding stations should retransmit

Leveraging Ethernet Technology

The home phoneline networking data frame is based on Ethernet standards with a specialized header

Source: Intel Corporation

Leveraging Ethernet Technology• Data originating from applications within the PC

– Formed into standard 802.3 Ethernet data frames– Passed to the phoneline PHY

• PHY circuitry strips off the first 8 octets of the Ethernet frame (preamble & delimiter fields) and replaces it with a PHY header designed specifically for phoneline networking

• Receiver - Reverse is executed– PHY is used to establish the validity of the frame– PHY header is stripped off & replaced by a IEEE 802.3

compatible preamble & delimiter field– At this point the PHY can pass the frame to a standard

Ethernet controller for passage to upper layer applications

Peaceful Co-existence: Spectral Compatibility

• Ensure compatibility with other communication services within the home– Home phoneline networking must work with voice & emerging

UADSL (universal asynchronous DSL) data services• Home phoneline networking uses filtering technology - Frequency

Division Multiplexing (FDM)– Allows simultaneous operation of multiple services over single

pair of wires– In POTS bandwidth is segregated into channels for each type

of traffic - power, analog voice, digital information (audio, data & video)

Peaceful Coexistence: Spectral Compatibility

Spectral usage of three services (POTS, UADSL & home phoneline networking) share the same line by operating at different frequencies

Source: Intel Corporation

Spectral Compatibility• Frequency Division Multiplexing (FDM)

– Each communications service is assigned a frequency spectrum different from all others

– Using frequency-selective filters devices using one type of service can exchange information without interference from other services that communicate in another frequency band

• Frequency range– Home network operates between 5.5MHz - 9.5MHz

• Passband filters attenuate frequencies below 5.5MHz very rapidly to eliminate interference very rapidly to eliminate interference with other potential services sharing wire

– Standard voice communications operate in 20Hz - 3.4kHz– UADSL services occupy 25kHz - 1.1MHz

High Performance Encoding

• Home phoneline networking technology uses time modulation line coding method– Developed & patented by Tut Systems– Increases data throughput– Allows reliable transmission of data over the unknown cabling

system of home phone wiring at 1Mbps– Incorporates an adaptive circuit

• Can dynamically correct for varying environmental conditions characteristic of residential phonelines

High Performance Encoding

• Both transmit & receive circuits continually monitor line conditions & adjust settings accordingly– The receiver circuit of the PHY layer adapts to the varying

noise levels on the wire – The transmitting circuit is adapting output signal strength to

match requirements of other receivers• ‘Squelch’ algorithm sets the minimum & maximum signal levels

– The receiver can filter out extraneous noise that otherwise might compromise data transmission & reception

HomePNA 2.0 Specification

HPNA 2.0 Spec Introduction

• HPNA 2.0 defines the PHY & MAC layers for a system– PHY-layer payload transmission rates of 4 - 32 Mbps with

throughput rates equivalent to 10Base-T Ethernet• Provides ability to extend transmission rates to over 100

Mbps– Rate adaptive transceivers

• Optimize data rates and packet error rates for dynamically varying channel conditions on a per-packet basis

– Frequency Diverse QAM techniques provides robust communication over highly frequency selective channels

Spec Introduction (contd.)

– IEEE Std 802.3 “Ethernet” MAC – Compatibility with IEEE Std 802.3 MII– Backward Compatible with HomePNA 1M8

• Allows interleaved transmissions at 1 Mbit/s rates and 10M8 compatibility mode rates

– Compatibility with other phoneline services such as POTS, V.90, ISDN and G.lite

– Spectrum notching for compatibility with Amateur Radio services

HomePNA ProtocolNetwork Stack and Responsibilities

• PHY layer– Framing, scrambling, symbol mapping, modulation

• MAC layer– CSMA/CD– Collision resolution

• MII (media independent interface)– MAC-PHY interface

• Link layer protocols– Rate negotiation, link integrity, link ARQ, capability

announcement

HomePNA 2.0

• Current 2.0 spec was introduced in late 1999 by HPNA– This revised spec is backward compliance with the 1.0 spec

• Throughput rating of 10Mbps– Products show an active throughput in 7-8Mbps range– Sufficient for most home networking applications

• Not sufficiently fast for users engaged in streaming video applications

• HPNA 2.0 spec can support up to 25 PCs, peripherals & other network devices

View of the HPNA 2.0 Stack & Spectrum

HPNA 2.0 System from Point of View of the Network Stack and Frequency Spectrum

Source: 2000 IEEE, HPNA 2.0

Physical Layer• System is FDM on the same wire as used by the std. analog phone service

& splitterless ADSL– Analog telephony uses low part of the spectrum - below 35kHz– ADSL uses spectrum up to 1.1 MHz– HPNA selected 4 to 10 MHz band

• Lower limit of 4 MHz makes it feasible to implement the filters needed to reduce out-of-band interference between HPNA & ADSL

• Modeling phone networks shows the spectrum above 10 MHz to be have wider & deeper nulls caused by reflections

• Cross talk between phone lines increases with frequency– Analog front end is harder to implement at higher frequencies

• Choice of 4-10 MHz only overlaps a single amateur radio band (40m) which simplifies ingress & egress filtering

Physical Layer

• HPNA 1.0 uses pulse position modulation (PPM)– This technique adapts to the modulation rate

• HPNA 2.0 uses quadrature amplitude modulation (QAM)– Get more throughput in the same bandwidth– Achieve greater robustness

• Both techniques are used – Because the channels may have very deep nulls & multiple

nulls in band

Physical Layer• The transmitter may vary the packet encoding from 2-8 bits/symbol on a

packet-by-packet basis– This is instead of having a fixed number of bits/symbol– A packet header is always encoded at 2 bits/symbol so that every

receiver can demodulate at least the packet’s header– System uses a fixed 7MHz carrier freq. & can operate at either 2 or 4

Mbaud with modulation encoding of 2-8 bits/symbol• Base symbol rate is 2 Mbaud

– At this rate, the system has a peak data rate ranging from 4 to 16 Mbps

– Overhead reduces the actual throughput the system can achieve

• In practice, to achieve performance equivalent to 10Base-T Ethernet, a packet must be sent at 6 bits/symbol

Frequency-Diverse QAM

• HPNA 2.0 implements a modified version of QAM at its 2-Mbaud rate called frequency-diverse QAM (FDQAM)– The nature of channel nulls can be such that even rate

adaptation down to 2 bits per symbol is not sufficient to guarantee that the packet can be received

– In a traditional QAM system, if there is an extreme null (i.e., one with which the equalizer can’t cope) in the band, the system will fail to operate

• HPNA 2.0 allows for a higher performance 4-Mbaud mode, which achieves peak data rates up to 32 Mbps & through-put above 20 Mbps– In cases where the channel nulls are not particularly deep

Frequency-Diverse QAM• Signal is frequency diverse, motivating the name FDQAM

– The baud rate is less than half the filter’s width– Output signal has 2 (redundant) copies of the baseband signal

• In a traditional QAM system, a single copy of the baseband signal is sent & received

– One copy of the signal will still make it through• On channels with a low SNR ratio, where a large part of the

spectrum is severely attenuated, FDQAM works robustly in many cases where uncoded QAM would fail

• Such channels are common on home phone lines– Simplified protocol enables robust performance over time-varying

channels – Unlike other methods of handling severe channels, in FDQAM does

not require the transmitter to have knowledge of the channel characteristics

Frame Format

• Frame includes– Preamble, frame control, 802.3 Ethernet frame,

CRC16, padding and EOF (end-of-frame) sequence


Frame Format Fields

• Preamble– 64-symbols at the beginning of the frame – It supports robust carrier sensing & collision detection,

equalizer training, timing recovery & gain adjustment• Frame control

– 8-bit frame type which follows the preamble – Following the frame type is an 8-bit field that specifies the

modulation format (bits per symbol, for example)– There are other miscellaneous control fields in frame control

including an 8-bit CRC header

Frame Format Fields

• IEEE 802.3 Ethernet frame• CRC-16

– Cyclic Redundancy Check– It covers the header and payload, & reduces the

undetected error rate for severely impaired networks• Padding and EOF sequence

Frame Format - Key to Operation

• The first 120 bits of the frame are sent at the most robust 2-Mbaud, 2-bits/symbol rate

• Any station able to demodulate a packet can do it at this encoding• Even if the payload is encoded at a rate (bits/symbol) that the

receiver can’t demodulate, it will be possible to demodulate theheader

• In this situation, the receiver sends a rate request control frame (RRCF) to the sender, asking it to reduce the number of bits/symbol or the symbol rate

Frame Format - In Practice

• System starts out sending at 2 bits/symbol– Unless the receiver sends an RRCF, asking for future

packets to be sent at higher data rates– Several algorithms can be used to determine when to

send RRCFs and to estimate the channel capacity using an approximate SNR and bit error statistics

– The rate adaptation algorithm can optimize the rate used when sending to multicast and broadcast groups

Medium Access Control (MAC)

• HPNA 2.0 is a CSMA/CD system– Like the standard IEEE 802.3 Ethernet

• HPNA 2.0 introduces 8 levels of priority and uses a new collision resolution algorithm called distributed fair priority queuing (DFPQ)

• Using the Ethernet MAC does not guarantee any real service– Voice telephony requires a low-latency network service, and

streaming audio or video applications require a guaranteed bandwidth service

MAC - Access Priority for VoIP

• Different access priorities with the VoIP station having a higher priority than best-effort file transfer traffic

• HPNA 2.0 accomplishes access priority by organizing the time following the interframe gap into an ordered series of priority slots– Access priority lets software define different service classes

• Such as low-latency, controlled-bandwidth, guaranteed-bandwidth, best effort, and penalty

• Each uses a different priority level


• Within a given priority level, HPNA 2.0 uses a new algorithm forcollision resolution– Each station keeps track of a back-off level & after a collision,

randomly chooses to increment the back-off level by 0, 1, or 2– During a collision resolution cycle, stations incrementally

establish a partial ordering– Eventually, only one station remains at the lowest back-off

level and gains access to the channel


• In practice & even on saturated networks, HPNA 2.0 behaves very well– Unlike traditional Ethernet it does not exhibit the capture effect– As the offered load increases, Ethernet experiences delays of

hundreds of frame times for several percent of transmission attempts

– When compared with the Ethernet delay, the HPNA 2.0 access latency distribution reveals a negligible tail beyond twice the minimum time to service each active station, even at high offered loads

Link Layer Protocols

• Home networks using no-new-wires technology have another problem : impulse noise– On phone wires, impulse noise exists due to phone ringing,

switch-hook transitions, & noise coupled from the AC power wiring

– Fortunately, the impulses tend to be short and destroy only a single packet

– There are coding techniques that might reduce the number of packets destroyed by impulses

– HPNA 2.0 has however chosen to use a fast retransmission mechanism called limited automatic repeat request (LARQ)

Link Layer Protocols - LARQ• LARQ is implemented (in software) at Layer 2 • Because it only operates on a single segment of the

network, it is very effective in hiding packet erasure from TCP/IP


User-level Throughput versus Impulse Noise Events/sec

Link Layer Protocols -Link Integrity

• HPNA 2.0 implements a link integrity mechanism– It can be implemented either in hardware or at low levels of a

software driver– It provides a quick & easy way for the end user to determine if

the network has basic connectivity– Link integrity frames are sent once per second, unless there is

traffic on the wire, in which case a reduced number of frames may be sent

HPNA 2.0 MAC/PHYBlock Diagram



HPNA 2.0 Analog Front EndBlock Diagram

HPNA 2.0 Technology

• Tut Systems & Epigram (Broadcom Corp.) are the alliance’s initial technology providers

• Comparison with IEEE1394/FireWire specification– Firewire is a high-speed technology requiring new optical fiber

or high grade copper wiring throughout the home– Firewire technology is used for special applications requiring

enormous amounts of bandwidth– HPNA will be widely popular for applications with multiple PCs

& for those looking for existing wires solutions

HPNA 2.0 Technology• Phoneline based home networking

– Will ensure interoperable & coexistence with wireless, powerline, Universal ADSL/G.Lite & Ethernet networks

• Co-exists with the new splitterless Universal ADSL standard• Fully compatible with the Ethernet MAC layer standard (IEEE

802.3 CSMA/CD)• Meets FCC requirements

– Complement high speed Internet access technolgies such as cable modems, ISDN, xDSL, satellite

• Ensures sharing Internet access with all other PCs or devices inthe home simply by plugging into the telephone jack with an adapter or NIC

HPNA 2.0 Technology

• Does not require any hubs or new Cat 5 wiring• Supports the complex, random-tree type of wiring typically found

in the home• Such an arrangement requires no special terminations, filters or

splitters• Provides QoS

– Allows streaming audio, video & telephony over the same wires through which Internet access occurs

Key Consumer Applications Require HPNA 2.0

• High speed Internet access sharing• High speed file sharing• Peripheral sharing

– Printer, scanner• Voice over IP (VoIP)• Multimedia

– Streaming digital audio & video throughout the home• Backward compatibility & support for applications supported by

HomePNA specification 1.0

Examples of Products that are Expected to Use the Technology

• PCs• Modems (including cable, xDSL, satellite, analog)• Network hubs• IP telephones• Digital TVs and set-top boxes• Home security & automation• Network appliances• ‘Bridges’ to Ethernet, wireless, powerline, 1394, USB

Performance Requirements

• HPNA Spec 2.0 shall be capable of achieving nominal data rates of 10 Mbps over typical phonelines – Based on 10 Mbps 10BaseT Ethernet network

• Coverage over phoneline networks for HPNA spec 2.0 is defined as follows:– Achieve full rate throughput operation over at least 80% of

home networks– Provide ability to connect, at no specified rate, in 100% of

home networks• Maximum internode distances are required to be greater than or

equal to the HPNA spec 1.0

Performance Requirements

• Number of nodes supported on one network greater than or equal to HomePNA spec 1.0

• It is desirable that specifications feature adaptive capability above and below the nominal 10 Mbps rate– This allows optimization of throughput over the widest range of

phoneline network topologies – This extends the coverage of homes served by HPNA spec 2.0

relative to the HPNA Spec 1.0• It is desirable that specifications show scalability to future higher

data rates well over 10 Mbps

Compatibility Requirements

• HPNA spec 2.0 addresses the physical and logical interface pointbetween the phoneline and HomePNA network devices– This ensures interoperability between Promoter's/Adopter's

home phoneline network products• HPNA spec 2.0 should be electrically compatible with other

services– POTS, V.90, ISDN & G.lite should coexist on the same

phoneline

Backwards Compatibility With Earlier Specs

• HPNA Spec 2.0 specifies a mode for backward compatibility with HPNA Spec 1.0– The minimum requirement specifies a ‘fall back’ mode which

selects operation of HPNA Specification 1.0 for all nodes– In a mixed network of HPNA Specs 1.0 and 2.0 nodes, all

HPNA Spec 2.0 stations should communicate at their full 10Mbps rate

• Regardless of the presence of HomePNA Spec 1.0 nodes • Without interfering with the HomePNA Spec 1.0 nodes

Interoperability• With HomeRF products

– HomeRF products work with HPNA-based products• TCP/IP is used in HPNA based products & HomeRF

products fully supports TCP/IP• Consumer requires a bridge to interface the phoneline

network to wireless HomeRF network– HomeRF SWAP spec defines this bridging– Vendors are currently developing future bridging

products• With Ethernet products

– HomePNA is an Ethernet based technology and are seamlessly interoperable

So, Can We Use Powerlines for Home Networking?Powerlines are also an Omnipresent, ‘No New Wires’ Solution!

Powerline Home Networking

• Uses existing power & electric lines in the homes– Quite similar to phoneline networks

• Several AC/power sockets/outlets in a home • Powerline capabilities

– Data rates up to 10Mbps are possible• Low cost solution

Powerline Home Networking Pros

• Multiple power outlets can be fund in each room• AC outlets are ubiquitous in virtually every existing home• Powerline networking takes advantage of the unused

capacity of the power cable to transmit data over the existing home power cabling

• Is capable of distributing data as fast as 10+ Mbps

Powerline Home Networking Cons

• Widely varying transfer response- frequency & attenuation• Different types of noise impairments at unpredictable times• RF jammers (particularly at night)• Time delay spread (multipath)• Usable bandwidth is not contiguous due to impairments or

regulations• Channel Adaptation is required to achieve high data rates and

reliability

Noise Sources

• Switching power supplies– Rich in harmonics with oscillator 20Kh to > 1MHz– Conduct oscillator noise onto power line– Frequency often varies with load

• Universal series wound motors– Vacuum cleaners, kitchen appliances, drills– High repetition rate impulses

Noise Sources

• Light dimmers– Produce large impulses at 100-120 Hz– Large 20V to 50V impulses

• Power line intercoms– 3Vpp to 7Vpp from 150KHz to 400KHz– Large harmonics of about 30KHz bandwidth

Powerline Technologies• X10

– X-10 controllers send signals over existing AC wiring to receiver modules

– X-10 power line technology transmits binary data using an Amplitude Modulation (AM) technique

• Intellon CEBus – Open standard that provides separate PHY layer specification

documents for communication on power lines & other media– Data packets are transmitted by the transceiver at about

10Kbps employing spread spectrum technology– Uses a Carrier Sense Multiple Access/Collision Detection and

Resolution (CSMA/CDCR) protocol to avoid data collisions

Powerline Technologies

• Echelon LONWorks – Provides a peer-to-peer communication protocol, implementing

Carrier Sense Multiple Access (CSMA) techniques

• Adaptive Networks – Utilizes a hybrid token passing media access scheme as

opposed to the peer-to-peer CSMA/CDCR schemes

Powerline Applications

• Industrial– Utility telemetering, automated storage, factory and machine

automation, shipboard refrigerated container monitoring

• Commercial– Point-of-sale networks, public transit vehicles, residential LAN,

vending machines monitoring

Issues to Overcome in Powerline HN

• Immature technology– Interference Issues– Low Speed and Attenuation

• Lack of standards• Lack of consumer adoption• Regulatory issues• There is an added cost for the extra safety isolation needed with

power connections– This type of modem is likely to remain significantly more costly

than phoneline models but below the cost of wireless systems

Agenda



HomePNA Solutions

Chipset manufacturers & OEM Vendors Product Portfolios

Chipset Manufacturers

Intel Corp, Tut Systems, Broadcom Corp, Conexant Systems, Lucent Microelectronics, AvioDigital

Broadcom Corporation

• Made its home networking entry through the Epigram acquisition in April 1999– Founding member of HomePNA– Creates silicon for consumer devices– Technology is being licensed by Lucent and other giants

• Supplies BCM4210/BCM4100 “iLine10” chipsets– Complete host bus to phone wire solution for home networking – Each code a packet of data so that the receiver can properly

decode it

Broadcom Corporation• BCM4210 MAC/PHY features

– 10Mbps Ethernet controller for phoneline networks– Meets HPNA 2.0 proposed spec requirements

• 16Mbps peak data rates– Integrated CSMA/CD Ethernet MAC with multi-level QoS– Integrated iLine10 digital PHY

• BCM4100 Integrated Analog Front End (IAFE) features– Custom IAFE for iLine10 controllers– Performs all required Analog Front End transmit & receive

operations (PMD Function)– Transmit & receive filters– Analog to digital & digital to analog converters

Conexant Systems

• USB Home Networking Solution– KL5KUSB111 USB Controller

• Interfaces the USB to the HPNA PHY layer• HPNA compliant MAC layer interface• IEEE 802.3-compliant 10Mbps Ethernet MAC layer interface

– CN7221 HomePNA PHY layer device • Integrated Analog Front End circuitry

– Interfaces to the USB port for easy system installation

Conexant Systems

• Provides ADSL modem chipset & V.90/K56flex modem• Home phone line networking

– 1Mbps data rates, scalable to higher speeds– Ethernet: standard 802.3 MAC, CSMA/CD– Uses existing phonelines - no new wires required– Supports up to 25 nodes across 500 feet– Compatible with existing services such as Internet access,

voice services, & home network coexists on the same wire– Robustness assures performance over poor wiring– True plug and play operation– Secure because home wiring is not shared

LANfinity RS7112 - Multifunction Ethernet Controller with Integrated HomePNA 1.0 PHY layer

Multifunction 1/10/100 Mbps LAN/modem controller100 Mbps IEEE 802.3 100Base-T compliant10 Mbps IEEE 802.3 10Base-T compliant

Integrated HomePNA 1.0 1Mbps physical layerSupports host controlled (HCF) or software (HCS) modemsSupports CardBus & PCI bus interfaceMultifunction logic supports simultaneous modem/network operationMedia Independent Interface (MII)

Conexant Systems

Conexant Systems -Ethernet Controller

Lucent• Home Wire products

– Uses ordinary copper phone wires– Provide easy interface to communication products such as

DSL modems & Ethernet– Data transmission rates from 1Mbps to 16Mbps– Compliant to HPNA 2.0 10 Mbps spec, backward compliant– Allows

• Fast in-home Web surfing & high bandwidth file transfer• Download video & graphics• Connect more devices to home networks• Multimedia & real-time applications

– In-home video distribution, voice compression & VoIP

Lucent (contd.) - Products

• HW3130 Home Wire PCI/Cardbus HPNA/LAN/Modem Controller– Integrated 1/10 Mbps device with a dual speed 10/100 Mbps

LAN Controller– Interfaces to 10/100 Mbps Ethernet PHY– Ideal solution for triple-function PC add-in card

• HW3100 Home Wire PCI/Cardbus HPNA/Modem Controller– Integrated 1/10 Mbps device– Support for 56 Kbps modem– Ideal solution for dual-function PC add-in card


• HW3000S Home Wire MSI Controller– Integrated 1/10 Mbps device– 16 bit microprocessor slave interface– Glueless interface to analog front end– Interfaces to ADSL modem chip set– Ideal solution for broadband residential gateways (DSL, cable

modem) & other in-home networking appliances


• HW3000M Home Wire MII PHY– Integrated 1/10 Mbps HPNA PHY device– Media Independent Interface to an external 10/100 Mbps

Ethernet MAC– Ideal solution for PC and Embedded motherboard applications

• HW2000 Home Wire Analog Front End– Fully integrated analog front end transceiver for HPNA 2.0 10

Mbps home networking

Avio Digital

• Products are not based on HPNA 2.0 technology• Products - MediaWire chipsets

– Phoneline networking solutions– Provide up to 88Mbps bandwidth for home networking over

Category 3 wiring & double over Category 5– Offer up to 33 meters between devices using standard Cat 3

telephone wiring, 100 meters with Cat 5 wiring or 400 meters with coaxial cable

– Capable of supporting up to 100 different types of devices located through out the house

Intel Corporation

• Believes that the existing phoneline infrastructure in the home is an excellent basis for implementing home networks today– Founding member of HPNA– Working with industry leaders to establish open spec for

phoneline-based home networking

Intel Corporation

• Intel 21145 Phoneline/Ethernet LAN Controller– Integrated single-chip silicon solution for 1Mbps phoneline &

10Mbps Ethernet connectivity– Provides foundation for implementing fully functional home

phoneline network– Utilizes 21x4x MAC core for 10Base-T Ethernet network – Fully compatible with HPNA 1.0 spec– Fully compliant with the IEEE 802.3 & ANSI 802-3 Ethernet

standards– PCI interface

Intel - 21145 Phoneline/Ethernet LAN Controller

Intel• Intel 82562EH - HomePNA LAN Connect Option

– Highly-integrated, low cost, fully flexible network component ideal foruse in a wide range of home networking designs

• Fully compliant with HPNA 1.0 and includes a 1Mbps HomePNA port for connection to home telephone with three data interfaces

– LAN Connect Interface for connecting Intel I/O Communications Hub2 (ICH2)

– HomePNA Media Independent Interface (hMII)– General Purpose Serial Interface (GPSI)

– Targeted for LAN-on-motherboard (LOM), Communication and Networking Riser Cards (CNR), set-top boxes, residential gateways or network information appliances

– Supports Wake-On LAN– Low power consumption

Intel - 82562EH HomePNA LAN Connect

Key Vendors

Diamond Multimedia/S3

• Diamond Multimedia was acquired by S3• Offers the HomeFree Phoneline 10Mbps Desktop

Pack (PCI)– Includes 2 PCI Cards & associated software

D-Link Systems

• Offers DHN-910– 10Mbps Phoneline network– Kit includes 2 standard PCI adapters with phone-line

cords, software, and RJ-11 jacks

Intel

• Branded its HPNA technology under AnyPoint Home Network– Offers parallel, PCI, external USB versions

• PCI & USB versions are rated at 10Mbps• Parallel port & another USB version is rated at 1Mbps

Linksys

• Offers HomeLink Phone Network in a Box – Includes 2 PCI cards with RJ-45 jacks

• Dual capability of being used for HPNA network or 10BaseT Ethernet network

NETGEAR

• Former Nortel subsidiary• Offers Home Phone Line PCI Adapter (PA 301) &

USB versions– Rated at 10Mbps

3Com

• Offers HomeConnect 10Mbps PCI Phoneline Kit– Includes 2 PCI adapters & HomeClick networking

software– Rated at 10 Mbps

Agenda



Xilinx Programmable Solutions Enable HomePNA Devices

Value Proposition

Chaos in the HN Marketplace• Multiple broadband & multiple Home LAN technologies• Too Many Standards & Too Many Specs

– Each standard brings its own set of pros & cons

Chaos in the HN Marketplace• Three Major Wireless Consumer Home Networking Campaigns

are Racing in Separate Directions– Wireless LAN/Ethernet, HomeRF & Bluetooth technologies

vary in data rate, range, frequency & marketplace aimed for

Home Networking Today

• Growing chaos in this emerging technology– Solutions are just coming to market– Leading players are showing indecisiveness towards

different varying technologies• Building independent solutions• Participation in multiple consortiums• Different wireless standards for same frequency band

• Interoperability is a key factor to market success• Future revisions already in the works

– HomePNA is already out with v2.0

Implications of this Chaos...

• Brings about an Environment That Guarantees Unanticipated Problems– Bugs– Incompatibilities– The Great Unknown about what is going to be the changes

• Translates to a Steep Learning Curve– Virtually mandates a “Ready, Fire, Aim” development model

• Plan products for the longest life cycles• Get a product to market “now”• Rapidly integrate refinements and enhancements

Where Does Xilinx Fit In the Electronics Industry

• Processor• Memory• Logic

Xilinx is the Leading Innovator of

Complete Programmable Logic Solutions

Xilinx is the Leading Innovator of

Complete Programmable Logic Solutions

Key components of an electronics system:

Strategic Business Model Ensures Focus

• “Fabless” strategy– Leading edge IC process technology– Wafer capacity at competitive prices– Fastest, lowest cost, densest parts

• Independent sales organization (Reps & Distributors)– Sales is a variable cost– Permits greater reach—over 20,000 Customers– Over 10,000 “Feet On The Street”

• Focus on key strengths– Product design– Marketing– Applications & Technical Support

Xilinx Steering Consortiums

High VolumeLow Cost

High PerformanceHigh Density

Low PowerLow Cost

Xilinx Product Portfolio

Xilinx - Leader in Core Solutions

- High Speed- Low Cost

Xilinx CPLDs

XC9500Family CoolRunner

5 Volt

3 Volt

2.5 Volt

XPLA (Original & Enhanced)

XPLA2 SRAM Based

XPLA3 (Released)

PAL (Simple PLD-22V10)

- Lowest Power- Highest Density

Xilinx CPLD Families

CoolRunner Technology

• Full density range 32 to 960 macrocells• World’s only TotalCMOS CPLD

– Bipolar style sense amps eliminated– Virtually no static power dissipation

• Advanced PLA Architecture– Product term sharing (no redundant logic)– No wasted product terms

• 3.3v and 5.0v devices• ISP/JTAG compatible & full software support

The CoolRunner Advantage• Industry’s lowest power CPLDs

– Standby current < 100uA– High speed TPD = 6 ns– Revolutionary XPLA architecture

• Exceptional routability & pin-locking• Fast, predictable timing

– Small form factor packaging• New 0.5mm 56-pin MicroBGA

• No Speed / Power tradeoffs in scaling– Can build very large / very fast devices– 960 macrocell device @ 7.5 nsec tPD

XC9500

125MHz

XC9500XL

200MHz

Lowest PricePer Macrocell

XC9500XL Key Features• High performance

– tPD = 5ns, fSYS = 178MHz• 36 to 288 macrocell densities• Lowest price, best value CPLD• Highest programming reliability• Most complete IEEE 1149.1 JTAG• Space-efficient packaging, including chip scale pkg.

XC9500XL/XV System Features

• I/O Flexibility– XL:5v tolerant; direct interface to 3.3V & 2.5V– XV:5v tolerant; direct interface to 3.3V, 2.5V & 1.8V

• Input hysteresis on all pins• User programmable grounds• Bus hold circuitry for simple bus interface• Easy ATE integration for ISP & JTAG

– Fast, concurrent programming times

Introducing the Spartan-II FPGA

Programmable ASIC/ASSP Replacement!

More Performance

Feature Rich Time to Market

More Gates 2X gates/$3X gates per I/O

2X I/O Performance3X number of gates

DLLsSelect I/O

Block RAMDistributed RAM

Cores Easy Design FlowRe-programmable Fast, Predictable

Routing

100,000 Gatesfor $10

Spartan-II: Extending the Spartan Series

FPGA Application Trends

Programmable ASIC/ASSP Replacement!

DLL

CL IOB

IOB

IOB

IOB

IOB

IOBIOB

IOB

DLL

DLL DLL

CLCL

CL

. . .

. . .. .

.

. . .

CLB CLB

CLB CLB

RAM

RAM

RAM

RAM

I/O Routing Ring

I/O Routing Ring

Spartan-II - Architecture Overview

“The Spartan“The Spartan--II family, in our opinion, II family, in our opinion, may be the closest that any FPGA has may be the closest that any FPGA has come to being at a lowcome to being at a low--enough price to enough price to compete against an ASIC”compete against an ASIC”

----Dan Niles, Industry AnalystDan Niles, Industry Analyst

Clock Management:Multiply clockDivide clock

De-skew clock

Delay Locked Loop (DLL) Configurable Logic Blocks (CLB)Configurable Logic Block

Array and Distributed RAM

Select I/OTM

TechnologyChip to BackplanePCI 33MHz 3.3VPCI 33MHz 5.0VPCI 66MHz 3.3VGTL, GTL+, AGP

Chip to MemoryHSTL-I, HSTL-IIIHSTL-IVSSTL3-I, SSTL3-IISSTL2-I, SSTL2-IICTT

Chip to ChipLVTTL, LVCMOS

True Dual-PortTM

4K bit RAM4Kx12Kx21Kx4512x8

256x16

Block Memory

Spartan-II - System Integration

Spartan-II Core Support

Spartan-II End Applications• Consumer

– Set Top Boxes/Digital VCRs– DTV/HDTV– Digital Modems

• xDSL, Cable, Satellite– Home Networking products– Bluetooth appliances– LCD/Flat-Panel Displays

• Networking– Telecom linecards– DSLAMs– LAN Hubs/Switches– SOHO Routers– Cellular base stations

• Computer/Storage– Printer/Scanner– Multi-function office

equipment– Storage devices– Home servers– Audio/Video add-in cards

• Industrial/Medical– Medical Imaging– Industrial automation/control– Data acquisition– Video capture/editing– Automated test equipment– Automotive Info-tainment

systems

System Block Diagrams for HomePNA Solutions

Memory

Mixed Signal / RF

Non-Xilinx Components

CPU

Xilinx Solution

Embedded Chip

Or

Block Diagram Template / Index

RJ-11 Phone Jack

Ethernet MAC

Decoder/ Encoder

MII (Media Independent

Interface)

Clock Generator & DLLs

RJ-45 Jack 10 Base-T PHY

Analog Front End

Receiver

Transmitter

Access Sequencer Management

HomePNA PHY-MAC

Drive Control

RJ-11 Phone Jack

MII (Media

Independent Interface)


RJ-45 Jack

Analog Front End

Transmit/ Receive

State Machines

Link Control

Data Interface

Transmit/ Receive State Machines

Link Control

Data Interface

Data

Data

Control

Control

Data

Control

10 Base-T PHY

HomePNA PHY

HomePNA PHY

PHY

MII (Media

Independent Interface)

Application Interface

Receive

Transmit

Counters

Configuration Registers

FIFOs FIFO Management

Configuration Access

HomePNA MAC (and 10/100 Base-T Ethernet MAC)

“Super” Set Top Box

CPU

MPEG Video

Decoder

DRAM

DRAM

NTSC/PAL Encoder

Decoder Bus

Demod

Memory Controller MPEG

Audio Decoder

Audio DAC

Transport DemuxDecrypt

Descrambler

Tuner Module DRAM

PC

Back Channel

UART

Parallel

DRAMGraphics

DRAM

1394 PHY

Home Network

Hard Drive Controller

Satelli te

Cable

Terrestrial

Phone

PCMCIA

Card Reader

NTSC/PAL Decoder

CVBS, Y/C

TV

Hard Drive

1394MAC

Error Correction

QPSK & FEC

QAM & FEC

OFDM & FEC

DSL & FEC

Hard Disk Drive

NTSC PAL

Encoder

I/O Control

Satellite QPSK Decoderand FEC

QAM Decoder and FEC

Cable

OFDM Decoder and FEC

Terrestrial

DSL Driver/ Receiver, Transceiver and FEC

xDSL

On Screen Display & Graphics Generator

HDD Interface


MPEG Decoder & CPU

Glue Logic

Memory

Glue Logic

Conditional Access

Smart Card

Inter

face 10/100 Base-

TX Ethernet MAC

MII

10/100 Base-TX Transceiver

HomePNAAnalog Front End

(AFE)

USBTransceiver UTP

RJ-45

USB Dev ice

Controller

IEEE 1394/FireWire

RS-232

Audio-Video DACs

To T.V.

Super Set-Top Box: Residential Gateway

DRAM

PCMCIA Interface

FLASH Adapter/ SDRAM Interface

FLASH Memory

UART

RS-XXXInterface

ISDN “U” or “S”Interface

I/O Control

CPU

HomePNA MAC

HomePNA PHY

ISDN Modems

Viterbi Decoder

TunerInter face

Flash

SystemInterconnectivity

CPU

ADC

RAM

Data

Quadrature Data from Tuner

Clock Generator

Q - Channel Input

I - Channel Input

QPSK/BPSK Demodulator

ADC

Synch & De-Interleaver

Reed-Solomon Decoder Descrambler

Clock

De-Interleaver RAM

MPEGTransport & A/V

RF In

I/O

Decryption MPEG A/VVideo Encoder

RAMVIDEO AUDIO

Satellite Modems

Decry ptionConditional

Access

Flash

CableMAC/SAR

8-/16-/32- bitMicrocontroller

FECMemory

4 v oice channels or 1 v ideo & 1 v oice channel

Tuner

SAW

Analog IF/AGC

ADC

QAMDemodulator

FECDecoder

DAC QPSK/16QAMModulator

FECEncoder

10/100 Base-TX Ethernet MAC

Pow er Supply

MII

SDRAMController

10/100 Base-TX Transceiver

HomePNA Analog Front End (AFE)

USBTransceiver UTP

RJ-45

IP Telephony

USB Dev iceController

DMA Interrupt Controller &

Central Arbiter

Encry ption

DMA


Inter

face

Flash Controller

SDRAM

SRAM

IP Security Module(DES & Triple-DES)UART

Direct TDM CODECInter face

SDRAMController

In

Cable Modem Residential Gateway

UTOPIAor ISA

PCI

UTOPIA I/F or ATM

Expansion Bus

Inter faceDRAM

Controller

8 KB Internal SRAM

PCI Bus Inter face

32-bit Processor

8 MHz Oscillator


Network Inter face

Block

DSL Driver/

Receiver Chipset

10/100 Base-TX Ethernet

MAC

MII

10/100 Base-TX

Transceiver

HomePNA

DRAM

DSL Modem Home Gateway

Hasher Lis t

Manager

Digital Signal Processor

Memory

Line Driver, Receiver & Amplifiers

HDLC Framer

To line & POTS splitter

A-to-D & D-to-A Converters,

Filters, Amplifiers

Analog Front End Equalizer, Reed-

Solomon FEC Encoder/Decoder,

Interleaver, Modulator, Demodulator, Packet

Format Logic

Line Driver/ Receiver

DSLTransceiver

10/100 Base-TX Ethernet MAC MII 10/100 Base-TX

Transceiver

HomePNA Analog Front End (AFE)

RJ-45

System Controller

USBTransceiver UTPUSB Dev ice

Controller

Interface

PCI BackplaneInterface


DSL CPE (Customer Premise Equipment )

HomePNA MAC

Flash

SRAMMemory

Controller

VSB Demodulator

I2C

HomePNA PHYTuner I/F ADC

8051 (8-bit) Microcontroller

I2C

Data Formatting & Control

Digital TV

Digital TV

Color MUX

CPU

Memory Controller

SDRAMADC

Graphics Controller

NTSC Tuner

MPEG-2Decoder

Audio MUX

PCI Bridge

Audio CODEC

Audio CODEC

I2Cto SPDIF CODEC

SPDIF to I2C

CODEC

NTSC Video

Decoder

NTSC Audio

Decoder

MUX

YUV to RGB

Display

FEC

FEC PID Processor

Cable

Satelli te Descrambler I/O Control

RS-232C Interface

Parallel Interface

Serial Interface

Keyboard/ Mouse

Interface

RF in

MUX

VSB

ALT

SPDIF Audio

HomePNA PHY

DAC

NetworkedHome

HomePNA MAC

QPSK

QAM

Interactive DVD Player

CPU

Memory Controller

DRAM

AudioDAC

Display ControllerMPEG-2

Decoder

Serial Output

I/FDolby Digital

Channel Control

Demodulator ECC

Drive Unit

DSP Processor

SDRAM

SDRAM

NTSC/PAL Encoder

MPEG 2

TV

HomePNAMAC

HomePNAPHY

Home Network

Linear PCM

MUXCD Bypass I/F

Stereo Audio

S/P DIF

Karaoke Processor

MIC

Xilinx 8051Microcontroller Front Panel

Home Network

CPU

MPEG-2Decoder

SDRAM

TV

HomePNAPHY

48-ChSound Chip

Gaming Console

VectorUnit

VectorUnit

Graphics Interface

MemoryController

10-ChDMA

I/O Interface

I/O Processor

DVD ROM

HomePNA MAC

USB

Pixel Processor

DisplayController

NTSC/PAL Decoder

PCMCIA Interface

Modem

DRAM

AudioI/O Circuit

PC

CPU

PCIMemoryController

HomePNAPHY

LCD Controller

PCI to PCI Bridge PCMCIA

Display

SDRAM

ISAUART

Super I/OHomePNA

MAC

PCI

AudioUSB

PCIISA

Modem

Bluetooth

Home Network

Home Network

Ethernet MAC

EthernetPHY

Speakers

HDD Controller

HDD

Graphics

MicrocontrollerBus Switch

Home Security

MPEG Decoder

CCD Imager

SDRAM

Home Network

FIFO

HomePNAMAC

MemoryController

Power Mgmt

CCD AFE

HomePNA PHY

Audio DAC Microphone

FLASH

Keypad

Display

Camera

Digita l Signal Processing (Voice

processing, system control, caller ID,

V.34/V.42 Modem)

System Processor (Signaling &

Network Management)

FlashRAM

10/100 Base-TX Ethernet MAC

MII 10/100 Base-TX Transceiver

Analog Front End (AFE)

SRAM

Voice CODEC (Handset & speakerphone CODEC (ADC, DAC) with Audio

Filters

RJ-45

Non-Voice User Interface Logic(LCD, LED, IR Remote, USB,

Keyboard Controller)

Speaker MIC

Keyboard,Keypad

LCD, LED

USB

RJ-11Voice Interface

Non-

Voice

Use

r Int

erfac

e(Au

dible

Indica

tor,

Key P

ad)

Serial Port

Data Serv ices

Handset

To/From PC

To/From Network

VoIP Phone

HomePNAMAC

Video Processor /CODEC

System Processor

Flash

DRAM

Frame Grabbing Chip

(CAM DSP)

Camera, VCR, TV

SRAM

Memory Controller

User Interface Logic(LCD Controller,

Keyboard Controller) Keyboard

LCD

Video EncoderTo TV, VCR


DSP(with H.223,

H.245, H.263)

DSP (with V.34, G.723.1,

AEC - Acoustic Echo Cancellation)

Analog Front End

Audio In/Out

Country specific DAA (Data Access Arrangement)

Internet Screen Phone/ Digital Video Phone

Internet Screen Phone/ Digital Video Phone

DSP

Video CODEC

FLASH Memory

FLASH Adapter/ SDRAM Interface

SDRAM

EPROM

LENS

TV Encoder

CODEC & DDA

Modem

LCDMux Demux Control

ResolutionEnhancement

Engine Interface

Memory

ClockDistribution

FLASH Adapter/SDRAM Interface

SDRAM

PrintEngine

System Control &I/O Interface

ImageProcessor

Bluetooth Module

CPU

HomePNA MAC

HomePNA PHY

Printer

Scanner

CCD Array A/D

Memory

Pixel Co-Processor

DSP

JPEG Codec

Memory Interface

Data Transmission

NTSC/PAL Encoder

PC

POS

LENS

System Control &I/O Interface

HomePNA MAC

HomePNA PHY

Digital Camera

LENS

FLASH Memory

Bluetooth Module

CPU

FLASH Adapter/Memory Control

JPEG Co-Processor

DRAM

LCD Panel

I/O Control

Ethernet Interface

RS-232C Interface

A/D

Memory Card

Graphics Controller

Camera DSP

LCD Controller Driver

Video Encoder

IrDA Module

Video Out

CCD

Fax System

Controller (UART,

CODEC, DMA)

FLASH Memory/ ROM

Multi-Function Peripheral

Printer

USB Node

FLASH Adapter/SDRAM Interface

DRAM Motor

Motor

Miscellaneous I/O

Serial PeripheralInterface

Scanner

Image SensorProcessor

Power Management

Fax ModemController CPU/DSP HomePNA

MAC

HomePNA PHY

Smart Card Reader

Card Reader

Display Driver

Card Reader Interface

LCD

I/O Control

Main Data Processing

Memory Interface

Memory

Security Logic

Modem Interface

Modem

HomePNA MAC

HomePNA PHY

Processor

Flash

RAM

UARTTx/Rx

SRAM

Memory Controller



MAC

MII10/100

Base-TX Transceiver

Ethernet

HomePNAAnalog Front End (AFE)

Timers, Watchdog Timer

USBTransceiver

USB DeviceController

USB I/F

Serial Interface Engine

USB to HomePNA Bridge


MAC

MII10/100

Base-TX Transceiver

HomePNA

USBTransceiver

USB DeviceController

USB I/F

HomePNA

Bridge

USB to HomePNA Bridge

Spartan-II Features Provide System Integration

Spartan-II Solutions for HomePNA Based Products

• I/O control– Multiple front end interfaces– Multiple back end interfaces

• Hard disk drive interface• Clock distribution

– DLLs• MPEG decoder• Ethernet MAC • Error correction

– Reed-Solomon, Viterbi• PCI

• Memory solutions– On-chip Distributed memory,

BlockRAM– Memory controllers

• CPU / microcontroller• HDLC controller• ADPCM• Color Space Converters• Glue logic & system integration

– LCD controllers, UARTs, DMA controllers

Programmable Solutions Advantages

Xilinx Programmable Solutions Provide Several Benefits

• Time to market– Consumer devices require fast time-to-market– ASICs & ASSPs take 12-18 months to spin out

• Flexibility– Product customization to meet customer needs– Accommodate multiple standards & spec updates/changes– Feature upgrades

• Testing and verification– Re-programmable allows risk aversion – Your solutions are built on a proven FPGA technology with

pre-verified silicon and IP that guarantees performance

Xilinx Programmable Solutions Provide Several Advantages

• Xilinx On-line - field upgradability – Remote update of software and hardware– Results in increased lifetime for a product (time-in-market) and

allows new, interesting applications– Enable product features per end-user needs

• Issues in creating a stand-alone ASIC/ASSP– Choosing the right solution– Product customization– Development cost and amortization

• Low Cost

Lifecycle Component Logistics

• Xilinx is an assured source of supply– Spartan FPGAs are high volume standard parts– Xilinx is a Strategic customer to our fab partners– If a device is retired, designs are quickly portable

• Xilinx’s solutions reduce exposure to component supply issues– Designs can be quickly adapted to efficiently address

component supply problems• NAND to NOR type Flash support for example

– Gives latitude in maintaining a cost effective BOM in dealing with the allocation, end of life & generational migration realities of today’s component market

Specification Changes• Emerging markets are

exposed to multiple standards and specification changes– DSL Modem market

• 6 different variations

– DTV market• 18 different formats

A Programmable Solution Future Proof’s Success

OEM/ Vendor Market

Driving down the cost of consumer products with low cost reprogrammable products

GSM

CDMA

PCS

TDMA

3G

Current Future

3G+

4G

Reprogrammable nature allows-Field upgrades-Field fixes

- Mars probe repair from earth-Support for numerous standards

Xilinx & Replay TV-Revolutionizing consumer TV

Enabling a whole new breed of consumer products

New Flexibility from FPGAs

FPGAs, the Unsung Hero Driving the Consumer Digital Logic Revolution

• The digital consumer world is here– Imperatives driving market success

• Time to market and time-in-market• Flexibility• Custom digital logic

• Xilinx - The answer for consumer digital applications– Introducing the low cost Spartan-II programmable family

• Cost reduced for the consumer market• Fully programmable at the desktop, in the field or in the

application• Future proofed for changing standards

Xilinx Digital Consumer LogicA Natural Fit for Home Networking

• Xilinx solutions enable you to thrive in chaos– Fastest time-to-market

• First to market, gains market share and revenue advantage– Xilinx Online provides reconfigurability in the field

• Allows shipped product to support revisions to the spec• Enables unique opportunities to add Value • Increases life-cycle revenue yield & hence time-in-market

– Enables rapid product proliferation• New designs can be quickly turned into derivatives

– Feature superior lifecycle component logistics– Testing and Verification

• Proven FPGA technology, software, test benches• Cost Effective!!!

Agenda



Summary• The digital consumer revolution & the Internet are forcing broadband to the

home– Phonelines provide a viable home networking technology

• No new wires• Ubiquitous presence of phone jacks & phonelines in US homes• Next generation HomePNA devices are looking at performance of

up to 100Mbps• Various HomePNA products are being developed

– Residential gateways: DSL, cable, satellite modem based – Technology bridges: HomePNA-to-1394, HomePNA-to-Ethernet,

HomePNA-to-wireless LANs– HomePNA enabled information appliances: digital TV, DVD player,

Internet screen phones, PCs, printers, etc.

Summary• Xilinx solutions enable HomePNA-based products

– Spartan-II + IP provides better solutions than competing ASSPs• Higher performance & cost effective• More flexibility

– Reprogrammability enables time-to-market & flexibility• Phoneline HN market is rapidly growing & products need to be

rolled out – IRL provides time-in-market as specs in emerging technologies keep

evolving• HPNA 2.0 spec is released with future revisions already

underway• Features within the Spartan-II provide system integration

– DLLs, SelectIO, BlockRAM • Embedded solutions

– FPGA logic not used from IP can be programmed with other IP cores – Spartan-II FPGAs, CoolRunner & 9500 CPLDs provide system

interconnectivity in HomePNA based products

phonelines-based home networking

Documents