pentateuch 2: out of egypt exodus, leviticus, & numbers
TRANSCRIPT
Pentateuch 2:Out of Egypt
Exodus,
Leviticus, &
Numbers
Structure of the Book of Exodus
I. Birth and Call of Moses Sargon, Moses, and Luke Skywalker
Structure of the Book of Exodus1. Sargon, the mighty king, king of Akkadê am I,
2. My mother was lowly; my father I did not know;3. The brother of my father dwelt in the mountain.4. My city is Azupiranu, which is situated on the bank of the Purattu [Euphrates],5. My lowly mother conceived me, in secret she brought me forth.6. She placed me in a basket of reeds, she closed my entrance with bitumen,7. She cast me upon the rivers which did not overflow me.8. The river carried me, it brought me to Akki, the irrigator.9. Akki, the irrigator, in the goodness of his heart lifted me out,10. Akki, the irrigator, as his own son brought me up
Structure of the Book of ExodusMoses meets God at the Burning BushMoses meets God at the Burning Bush
““Who will I say has sent me?”Who will I say has sent me?”
“The Plagues”Psalm 78
Rivers to Blood . Swarms of FliesFrogs
Caterpillars /CockroachesLocusts
Hail (vines)Frost/FloodHail (cattle) .Thunderbolts /plagues
Firstborn .
Exodus 7-12
Nile to Blood .
Frogs .
GnatsSwarms of Flies
Cattle plagueBoils
Hail .LocustsDarknessDarkness
Firstborn .
Psalm 105DarknessDarknessWaters to Blood .
Frogs .
Swarms of FliesGnats
Hail .Locusts
Firstborn .
Structure of the Book of Exodus
• II. Exodus fro
m Egypt
II. Exodus fro
m Egypt
DAT I N G
EXODUS
1440 B.C. Exodus 1250 B.C. Exodus
1. 1 Kings 6:1—480 years from temple
1. Exodus 1:11—Pithom & Ramses
2. Judges 11:26—300 years of occupation
2. Some Archaeology—Hazor, Debir, Lachish
3. Habiru possibly included Hebrews in Amarna letters.
3. Archaeology—settlement patterns in hill country & new settlements in 13th century.
4. Some archaeology 4. Merneptah—1st mention of “Israel” in 1230 B.C.
5. Merneptah—Israel an established people
5. 430 yrs. (Ex. 12:40) puts patriarchs in Hyksos period.
Structure of the Book of Exodus
III. Covenant at Sinai (Ex 19)• Historical Prologue• Stipulations
• Ten Commandments—Apodictic Law
• “The Covenant Code”—Casuistic Law
• Ratification
Structure of the Book of Exodus
IV. Tabernacle (25-30, 35-40)• God’s Presence
The Tabernacle
Structure of the Book of Exodus
V. Broken and Renewed Covenant (32-34)• Rebellion, Idolatry, & Broken Tablets• Renewal of Covenant following judgment
Theological Themes in Exodus• God’s Choice
Theological Themes in Exodus• God’s Care
• Covenant and Law– The grace of the covenant– The threat of the covenant– The promise of the covenant
Theological Themes in Exodus
• Covenant, Law, and missio dei.
LeviticusLeviticusPurityPurity
& &
HolinessHoliness
Outline of Leviticus
Outline of Leviticus
Unclean
Outline of Leviticus
• Ritual Purity (Lev. 11-15)• Day of Atonement/Yom Kippur (Lev. 16)
– Most Holy Place– Goats: Sin Offering and the azazel
Unclean
Outline of Leviticus
• “Holiness Code” (Lev. 17-26)– Purity & Ritual Laws– Brueggemann—Justice vs. Ritual – Calendar
• Redeeming what belongs to the Lord (Lev. 27)
Unclean
NumbersNumbersInto the Into the
WildernessWilderness
The Censuses• Census of the 1st Generation (Num
12-53) • Census of the 2nd Generation (261-65) • The censuses are:
– The structure for the book, &– The transition from Egypt to Canaan.
Outline of Numbers• Numbers and Arrangements (Num. 1-4)
Levites
Levites
Tent Of
Meeting
Judah
Issachar
Zebulun
Dan Asher Naphtali
Gad Simeon Reuben
Benjamin
Manasseh
Ephraim
E>
Outline of Numbers• Various Laws (Num. 51-914, 101-
10)– The Nazirite (6:1-21)
Outline of Numbers• The Cloud above the Tabernacle (915-
23)• From Sinai to Kadesh (Num. 11-12)
– Complaints, Judgment, Provision
Outline of Numbers• Events at Kadesh (Num. 13:1-20:21)
– Reconnaissance & Rebellion (Numbers 131-1445)– Korah, Dathan, Abiram (Num. 16)– Priests and Levites (Num. 171-1832) – Moses’ Sin
Outline of Numbers• Kadesh--Plains
of Moab (Num. 2022-2120)
Outline of Numbers• In the Plains of Moab
(Num. 21:21-36:13)– Balak & Balaam (22:1-24:25)
Outline of Numbers• In the Plains of Moab (Num. 21:21-36:13)
– 2nd Census (26:1-65)– Joshua Commissioned (27:12-23)
Themes of Leviticus & Numbers
• Holiness
Themes of Leviticus & Numbers
• Holiness– God is holy– “Unholy” does not necessarily imply
sin.
Unclean
Theological Themes—Lev./Num.
•Purity & Impurity– Boundaries
God
•Blood/Sacrifice•Divine Presence•Book of Hebrews & Jesus