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PECS Siesta Michelle PSY 671 Fiesta

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Fiesta. PECS Siesta. Michelle PSY 671. Sentence strip: used to make sentences with icons. PECS book. Icons. PECS. P icture E xchange C ommunication S ystem PECS is used througout the Early Childhood Developmentally Delayed (ECDD) classroom at Croyden - PowerPoint PPT Presentation

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Page 1: PECS Siesta

PECS SiestaMichelle PSY 671

Fiesta

Page 2: PECS Siesta

PECS• Picture Exchange Communication System

• PECS is used througout the Early Childhood Developmentally Delayed (ECDD) classroom at Croyden

• PECS uses an icon exchange to mand (ask for) or tact (label) objects

PECS book

Sentence strip: used to

make sentences with icons

Icons

Page 3: PECS Siesta

Setting and Participant Description

• Setting: Croyden Avenue School• Participants:

– Undergraduate tutors – graduate tutors– Supervisors– And the children, of course

• This intervention is currently hypothetical, but will hopefully be implemented next year

Page 4: PECS Siesta

Current Icon Request Protocol

• Tutors write what icons they need on a sheet by the playroom

• The supervisor reads the sheet and distributes the icons

--OR--• The tutor puts a red square on the outside of

the booth• When the supervisor comes over the tutor

tells the supervisor what icons are needed

Page 5: PECS Siesta

Reason to Intervene• Tutors and children are currently not receiving

icons for reinforcers in a timely manner• Therefore the child cannot ask for a reinforcer if

they don’t have the icon for it– This takes away from learning opportunities

• Tutors are not asking for all icons– Tutors typically only ask for icons as they need them

• The current icon request protocol is inconvenient and ineffective

Page 6: PECS Siesta

Competing Contingencies

• Filling out the icon request form only slightly raises the probability of receiving icons before the next preference assessment

• The icon request form is rarely filled out because:– Tutors forget what

icons they need since they are in the playroom

– Filling out the form takes away time and attention from their child

Natural Contingencies

A preference assessment is when

the child picks out new toys

Page 7: PECS Siesta

Ineffective Natural Contingency

No probability ofReceiving icons

Before nextpreferenceassessment

Tutor fills out Icon request form

Slightly higherProbability of

Receiving iconsBefore nextpreferenceassessment.

The probability is too low to control the tutors behavior

Page 8: PECS Siesta

Natural Competing Contingency

Given amount ofTime and attention

For child

Tutor fills out Icon request form

Less time and Attention for

child

Penalty of the loss of time

Page 9: PECS Siesta

Baseline Graph

Page 10: PECS Siesta

Baseline Graph Description

• Tutors had an average of 45% of their icons over the baseline period

• This means the child could have 55% more learning opportunities than they currently do

Page 11: PECS Siesta

Specify the Performance Objectives

We want tutors to have all of their icons for all of their reinforcers at all times

This will increase the child’s learning opportunities

Page 12: PECS Siesta

Input-Process-Output Model(Tutors with new icons)

Distribution: supervisor distributes icons(supervisor with new icons) Production: supervisor puts old icons away and gathers new icons

(Supervisor with forms and old icons) Distribution: supervisor obtains envelope

(envelope posted and ready to be picked up) Distribution: post filled envelope on booth

(icons and form in envelope) Distribution: put icons and form in envelope

(completed form and old icons) Production: fill out form

(Incomplete form and new toys)

Page 13: PECS Siesta

Goal Specification Form

Output Envelope posted and ready to be picked up by supervisor

Standards

Quality

Current Ideal

Icons not representing toys

Icons a direct picture of toy

Quantity 45% of icons 100% of icons

Timeliness2-3 days of filling out form

With 24 hours

Cost $40 per semester $45 per semester

Process Post envelope with old icons and completed form inside on outside of booth

Production: Distribution_ X__ R&D__ _

Input Old icons and form in envelope

Page 14: PECS Siesta

Design the Intervention

• Tutors will lose points if the fail to:– Fill out the Icon Request Form

– place it in the envelope

– Place the old icons in the envelope

– Post the envelope on the outside of the booth

The icon request form is the same as the old preference

assessment sheet

Page 15: PECS Siesta

Performance Management Contingency

Avoidance of loss of points

Tutor will losePoints

Tutor fills out Icon request formAnd posts it with

Old icons onOutside of booth

Tutor will notLose points

Deadline: before monitoring

Page 16: PECS Siesta

Theoretical Contingency

Tutor fears lossOf points

Tutor fills out Icon request formAnd posts it with

Old icons onOutside of booth

Tutor does not Fear loss of

points

Escape

Page 17: PECS Siesta

Implementing the Intervention

• Implemented: July 31,2008

• Tutors were trained in the new procedures on July 30th at weekly seminar meeting

• The tutors avoid the loss of points by completing the form and placing it and the icons in the envelope

• Points will be deducted if the tutors are missing icons when they are monitored

Page 18: PECS Siesta

Evaluate the Intervention

Timmy's Icons

0123456789

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9

Days

Nu

mb

er o

f Ic

on

s

Baseline Intervention

Page 19: PECS Siesta

Evaluate the Intervention

• The intervention increased the average number of icons to 83%

• This is a difference of 38%

Page 20: PECS Siesta

Problems

• The icon request sheet was previously the preference assessment sheet

• The sheet only had space for 5 reinforcers per preference assessment

• So, many tutors were only asking for the 5 most preferred reinforcers

• I created a new sheet with room for 9 reinforcers

Page 21: PECS Siesta

Evaluate the Recycle

Timmy's Icons

0123456789

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13

Days

Nu

mb

er o

f Ic

on

s

Baseline RecycleIntervention

Page 22: PECS Siesta

Evaluate the Recycle

• The recycle increased the average number of icons to 88%– This is an additional increase of 5%

• This was an overall average increase of 43%

Page 23: PECS Siesta

Questions or

Comments???