pax polarized antiproton experiments

53
Spin Workshop 05, Dubna M. Contalbrigo - INFN Ferrara 1 PAX PAX Polarized Antiproton Polarized Antiproton eXperiments eXperiments M. Contalbrigo INFN – Università di Ferarra

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PAX Polarized Antiproton eXperiments. M. Contalbrigo INFN – Universit à di Ferarra. PAX Collaboration. TIMELINE Jan. 04 Letter of Intent May 04QCD-PAC meeting at GSI Aug. 04Workshop on polarized antiprotons at GSI Jan. 05 Technical Report Mar. 05 QCD-PAC meeting at GSI. - PowerPoint PPT Presentation

TRANSCRIPT

Page 1: PAX Polarized Antiproton eXperiments

Spin Workshop 05 Dubna M Contalbrigo - INFN Ferrara 1

PAXPAXPolarized Antiproton eXperimentsPolarized Antiproton eXperiments

M Contalbrigo

INFN ndash Universitagrave di Ferarra

Spin Workshop 05 Dubna M Contalbrigo - INFN Ferrara 2

PAX CollaborationPAX Collaboration

TIMELINE

Jan 04 Letter of Intent

May 04 QCD-PAC meeting at GSI

Aug 04 Workshop on polarized antiprotons at GSI

Jan 05 Technical Report

Mar 05 QCD-PAC meeting at GSI

178 physicists (121 in August 2004)35 institutions (15 EU 20 NON-EU)

Spin Workshop 05 Dubna M Contalbrigo - INFN Ferrara 3

hellip the PAC would like to stress again the uniqueness of the program with polarized anti-protons and polarized protons that could become available at GSI

Evaluation by QCD-PAC (March Evaluation by QCD-PAC (March 2005)2005)

hellipthe PAC considers it is essential for the FAIR project to commit to polarized antiproton capability at this time and include polarized transport and acceleration capability in the HESR space for installation of the APR and CSR and associated hardware and the APR in the core project

We request the PAX collaboration to1) Commit to the construction and testing of the APR2) Explore all options to increase the luminosity to the value of 1031 cm-2s-

1

3) Prepare a more detailed physics proposal and detector design for each of the proposed stages These stages may include

a) 35 GeVc polarized antiprotons on a polarized proton targetb) 15 GeVc polarized antiprotons with the PANDA detector (for single spin asymmetries)c) 15 GeVc polarized antiprotons on a polarized proton target in a dedicated detector d) Collisions of 15 GeVc antiprotons with 35 GeVc polarized protons

Spin Workshop 05 Dubna M Contalbrigo - INFN Ferrara 4

OutlineOutlinebull Introduction

ndash Physics Casendash The FAIR project

bull PAX Accelerator Setupndash Stagingndash Antiproton Polarizer Ringndash Asymmetric Antiproton-Proton Collider

bull Experimentndash Conceptual Detector Designndash Preliminary Results for Drell-Yan Studiesndash Rate estimates

Spin Workshop 05 Dubna M Contalbrigo - INFN Ferrara 5

Physics with polarized antiprotons at GSI-PAX

Transversity via Drell-Yan processes

TTA direct access to transversity

Transverse Single Spin Asymmetries

QCD ldquotheoremrdquo (Sivers)D-Y = ndash (Sivers)DISNA

Time-like elm form factors

llpp form factors

Elastic processes

SLSSLLNNN AAA AA spin mysteries like in pp

High Energy

Low Energy

Spin Workshop 05 Dubna M Contalbrigo - INFN Ferrara 6

Leading Twist Distribution Functions

12 12

L L

+f1(x)

h1(x)

proton

protonrsquo

quark

quarkrsquo

u = 12(uR + uL)u = 12(uR - uL)

No probabilistic interpretation in the helicity base (off diagonal)

Probabilistic interpretation in helicity base

q(x) spin averaged

(well known)

q(x) helicity diff(known)

q(x) helicity flip(unknown)

12 12

R R

12 12

L L

-12 12

R R

g1(x)

Transversitybase

12 -12

R L

-

Spin Workshop 05 Dubna M Contalbrigo - INFN Ferrara 7

- Probes relativistic nature of quarks- No gluon analog for spin-12 nucleon- Different Q2 evolution than q - Sensitive to valence quark polarization

TransversityTransversity

Chiral-odd requires another chiral-odd partnerChiral-odd requires another chiral-odd partner

PropertiesProperties

Impossible in DIS Direct Measurement

ppe+e-X epersquohX

Indirect MeasurementConvolution of with

unknown fragment fct

h1 x h1 h1 x Collins function

h1 must couple to another chiral-odd function

Spin Workshop 05 Dubna M Contalbrigo - INFN Ferrara 8

Elementary LO interaction

)( )()( )(1

9

42121

2

212

2

2

2

xqxqxqxqexxsMdxdM

d

qq

F

2 22121 sQxsMxxxxx LFF

llqq

Drell-Yan processDrell-Yan process

dduuq

M invariant Massof lepton pair

sM 2

Spin Workshop 05 Dubna M Contalbrigo - INFN Ferrara 9

q q

q qqqqq

TTTT xqxqxqxqe

xhxhxhxheaA

)()()()(

)()()()(ˆ

dd

dd

21212

211121112

Barone Calarco Drago

Martin Schaumlfer Stratmann Vogelsang

h1 from p-p Drell-Yan at RICHU70

h1q (x Q2) small and with much slower evolution than

Δq(x Q2) and q(x Q2) at small x

h1q (x Q2)- h1q (x Q2)ne

RHIC τ=x1x2~10-3 rarr sea quarks (ATT very small ~ 001 )

Spin Workshop 05 Dubna M Contalbrigo - INFN Ferrara 10

h1 from pbar-p Drell-Yan at GSI

Similar predictions by Efremov et al

Eur Phys J C35 207 (2004)

PAX s=x1x2~01-03 rarr valence quarks (ATT large ~ 02-04 )

)()(

)()(ˆ

)()()()(

)()()()(ˆ

21

2111

21212

211121112

xuxu

xhxha

xqxqxqxqe

xhxhxhxheaA uu

TT

q q

q qqqqq

TTTT

Anselmino et al PLB 59497

(2004)

Spin Workshop 05 Dubna M Contalbrigo - INFN Ferrara 11

Kinematics for Drell-Yan processes

QCD corrections might be very large at smaller values of M for cross-sections not for ATT K-factor almost

spin-independent H Shimizu G Sterman W Vogelsang and H Yokoya hep-ph0503270

V Barone et al in preparation

Fermilab E866 800 GeVc

CERN NA51 450 GeVc

safe region

JMM

s

M J 2

Usually taken as

Q2gt4 GeV2

Spin Workshop 05 Dubna M Contalbrigo - INFN Ferrara 12

s=45 GeV2 s=210 GeV2

s=45 GeV2s=210 GeV2

Cross-section

Asymmetry

Spin Workshop 05 Dubna M Contalbrigo - INFN Ferrara 13

Physics with polarized antiprotons at GSI-PAX

Transversity via Drell-Yan processes

TTA direct access to transversity

Transverse Single Spin Asymmetries

QCD ldquotheoremrdquo (Sivers)D-Y = ndash (Sivers)DISNA

Time-like elm form factors

llpp form factors

Elastic processes

SLSSLLNNN AAA AA spin mysteries like in pp

High Energy

Low Energy

Spin Workshop 05 Dubna M Contalbrigo - INFN Ferrara 14

Single Spin Asymmetries (and their partonic

origin)

pq

Pq

π

kCollins effect = fragmentation of polarized quark

depends on Pqmiddot (pq x k)

P

pk

Sivers effect = number of partons in polarized

proton depends on P middot (p x k)

q

pk

Boer-Mulders effect = polarization of partons in

unpolarized proton depends on Pq middot (p x k)

qPq

Collins chiral-odd

Sivers chiral-even

Boer-Mulders chiral-odd

These effects may generate SSA

d d

d dNA

Spin Workshop 05 Dubna M Contalbrigo - INFN Ferrara 15

BNL-AGS radics = 66 GeV 06 lt pT lt 12 puarrp

E704 radics = 20 GeV 07 lt pT lt 20 puarrp

STAR-RHIC radics = 200 GeV 11 lt pT lt 25 puarrp

E704 radics = 20 GeV 07 lt pT lt 20 puarrp

SSA pp rarr πX

Spin Workshop 05 Dubna M Contalbrigo - INFN Ferrara 16

SSA SIDIS

Collins Sivers HERMES

Spin Workshop 05 Dubna M Contalbrigo - INFN Ferrara 17

SSA SIDIS

COMPASS

Spin Workshop 05 Dubna M Contalbrigo - INFN Ferrara 18

Physics with polarized antiprotons at GSI-PAX

Transversity via Drell-Yan processes

TTA direct access to transversity

Transverse Single Spin Asymmetries

QCD ldquotheoremrdquo (Sivers)D-Y = ndash (Sivers)DISNA

Time-like elm form factors

llpp form factors

Elastic processes

SLSSLLNNN AAA AA spin mysteries like in pp

High Energy

Low Energy

Spin Workshop 05 Dubna M Contalbrigo - INFN Ferrara 19

pp Elastic Scattering from ZGSpp Elastic Scattering from ZGS

Spin-dependence at large-PSpin-dependence at large-P (90deg90degcmcm))

Hard scattering takes Hard scattering takes place only with spins place only with spins

DG Crabb et al PRL 41 1257 (1978)

T=1085 GeV

Similar studies in pp elastic scattering

Spin Workshop 05 Dubna M Contalbrigo - INFN Ferrara 20

Physics with polarized antiprotons at GSI-PAX

Transversity via Drell-Yan processes

TTA direct access to transversity

Transverse Single Spin Asymmetries

QCD ldquotheoremrdquo (Sivers)D-Y = ndash (Sivers)DISNA

Time-like elm form factors

llpp form factors

Elastic processes

SLSSLLNNN AAA AA spin mysteries like in pp

High Energy

Low Energy

Spin Workshop 05 Dubna M Contalbrigo - INFN Ferrara 21

(Phys RevC 68 (2003) 034325)

JLab PT data

SLAC RS data

TWO DIFFERENTS METHODS

TWO DIFFERENTS RESULTS

COMPARISON BETWEEN

ROSENBLUTH SEPARATION AND

POLARIZATION TRANSFER TECNIQUES

Proton Electromagnetic Proton Electromagnetic Formfactors Formfactors

Spin Workshop 05 Dubna M Contalbrigo - INFN Ferrara 22

Proton Electromagnetic Proton Electromagnetic Formfactors Formfactors

bull Single-spin asymmetry in pp rarr e+e-

ndash Measurement of relative phases of magnetic and electric FF in the time-like region

bull Double-spin asymmetry in pp rarr e+e-

ndash independent GE-Gm separation

ndash test of Rosenbluth separation in the time-like region

2

p2

2E

22M

2M

E

y

m4q

|G|)(sin|G|)(cos1

)GGIm()2sin(A

S Brodsky et al Phys Rev D69 (2004)

Spin Workshop 05 Dubna M Contalbrigo - INFN Ferrara 23

OutlineOutlinebull Introduction

ndash Physics Casendash The FAIR project

bull PAX Accelerator Setupndash Stagingndash Antiproton Polarizer Ringndash Asymmetric Antiproton-Proton Collider

bull Experimentndash Conceptual Detector Designndash Preliminary Results for Drell-Yan Studiesndash Rate estimates

Spin Workshop 05 Dubna M Contalbrigo - INFN Ferrara 24

Facilty for Antiproton and Ion Research (GSI Darmstadt Germany)

-Proton linac (injector)-2 synchrotons (30 GeV p)-A number of storage rings Parallel beams operation

Spin Workshop 05 Dubna M Contalbrigo - INFN Ferrara 25

HESR

Antiproton Production

Target

HESR (High Energy Storage Ring) p = 15 - 15 GeVc (22 GeVc) (Length 442 m Bρ = 50 Tm)

PANDA storage ring (N=5 x 1010

pbar)

High luminosity mode (Δpp ~ 10-4) Luminosity = 2 x 1032 cm-2s-1

High resolution mode (Δpp ~ 10-5 ) Luminosity = 1031 cm-2s-1

PAX synchroton (N=3 x 1011 pbar) Preserve polarization Luminosity = 2 x 1030 cm-2s-1

The Antiproton FacilityThe Antiproton Facility

bullAntiproton production similar to CERN

bullProduction rate 107sec at 30 GeV

SuperFRS

NESR

CR

Beam Cooling e- andor stochastic

SIS100300

Spin Workshop 05 Dubna M Contalbrigo - INFN Ferrara 26

OutlineOutlinebull Introduction

ndash Physics Casendash The FAIR project

bull PAX Accelerator Setupndash Stagingndash Antiproton Polarizer Ringndash Asymmetric Antiproton-Proton Collider

bull Experimentndash Conceptual Detector Designndash Preliminary Results for Drell-Yan Studiesndash Rate estimates

Spin Workshop 05 Dubna M Contalbrigo - INFN Ferrara 27

PAX Accelerator SetupPAX Accelerator Setup

In the following focus on two issuesbull Antiproton Polarizer Ring (APR)bull Asymmetric Antiproton-Proton Collider

Spin Workshop 05 Dubna M Contalbrigo - INFN Ferrara 28

Staging Staging Phase I (PAXCSR)Phase I (PAXCSR)

Physics EMFFpbar-p elastic

Experiment polunpol pbar on internal polarized target

Independent from HESR running

Spin Workshop 05 Dubna M Contalbrigo - INFN Ferrara 29

Staging Staging Phase II (PAXHESR)Phase II (PAXHESR)

EXPERIMENT1 Asymmetric collider polarized antiprotons in HESR (p=15 GeVc)

polarized protons in CSR (p=35 GeVc)2 Internal polarized target with 22 GeVc polarized antiproton

beam

Physics Transversity

Second IP with minor interference with PANDA

Spin Workshop 05 Dubna M Contalbrigo - INFN Ferrara 30

OutlineOutlinebull Introduction

ndash Physics Casendash The FAIR project

bull PAX Accelerator Setupndash Stagingndash Antiproton Polarizer Ringndash Asymmetric Antiproton-Proton Collider

bull Experimentndash Conceptual Detector Designndash Preliminary Results for Drell-Yan Studiesndash Rate estimates

Spin Workshop 05 Dubna M Contalbrigo - INFN Ferrara 31

Principle of spin filter methodPrinciple of spin filter method

P beam polarizationQ target polarizationk || beam direction

σtot = σ0 + σmiddotPmiddotQ + σ||middot(Pmiddotk)(Qmiddotk)

transverse case

Q0tot

longitudinal case

Q)( ||0tot

For initially equally populated spin states (m=+frac12) and (m=-frac12)

Unpolarized anti-p beam

Polarized H target

Spin Workshop 05 Dubna M Contalbrigo - INFN Ferrara 32

The HERMES targetThe HERMES target

Atomic Beam SourceNIM A 505 (2003) 633

Pz+ = |1gt + |4gt

Pz- = |2gt + |3gt

mmjj = = ++1212

mmjj = = --1212

mmii=-12=-12

mmii=-12=-12

mmii=+1=+122

mmii=+1=+122

1|1gt|2gt

|3gt|4gt

ee-

pp|1gt

Spin Workshop 05 Dubna M Contalbrigo - INFN Ferrara 33

Performance of Polarized Internal Performance of Polarized Internal TargetsTargets

PT = 0795 0033

HERMES

H Transverse Field (B=297 mT)

HERMES

Dz

Dzz

PT = 0845 plusmn 0028

Longitudinal Field (B=335 mT)

HERMES Stored Positrons PINTEX Stored Protons

H

Fast reorientation in a weak field (xyz)

Targets work very reliably (months of stable operation)

Spin Workshop 05 Dubna M Contalbrigo - INFN Ferrara 34

Exploitation of Spin TransferExploitation of Spin Transfer

PAX will employ spin-filter from internal polarized hydrogen

target to antiprotons

Hydrogen gas target in strong field (300 mT)

F Rathmann et al PRL 71 1379 (1993)

Low energy pp scattering 1lt0 tot+lttot-

Expectation

Target Beam

FILTEX ResultsFILTEX Results

Spin Workshop 05 Dubna M Contalbrigo - INFN Ferrara 35

Puzzle from FILTEX TestPuzzle from FILTEX TestObserved polarization build-up dPdt = plusmn (124 plusmn 006) x 10-2 h-1

Expected build-up P(t)=tanh(tτpol)

1τpol=σ1Qdtf=24x10-2 h-1

about factor 2 larger

σ1 = 122 mb (pp phase shifts)Q = 083 plusmn 003dt = (56 plusmn 03) x 1013cm-2

f = 1177 MHz

Three distinct effects (measured 1=69 mb)

1 Selective removal through scattering beyond Ψacc=44 mrad σR=83 mb

2 Small angle scattering of target protons into ring acceptance σS=52 mb

3 Spin transfer from polarized electrons of the target atoms to the stored protons

σEM=70 mb (-) Horowitz amp Meyer PRL 72 3981 (1994)

HO Meyer PRE 50 1485 (1994)

Spin Workshop 05 Dubna M Contalbrigo - INFN Ferrara 36

01

02

03

04

Beam

Pola

riza

tion

P(2

middotτbeam)

10 T (MeV)100

EM only

5

10

30

20

40

Ψacc=50 mrad

0

1

Filter Test T = 23 MeV Ψacc= 44 mrad

Beam PolarizationBeam Polarization (Electromagnetic Interaction)(Electromagnetic Interaction)

Spin Workshop 05 Dubna M Contalbrigo - INFN Ferrara 37

Beam Polarization Beam Polarization (Hadronic Interaction Longitudinal Case)(Hadronic Interaction Longitudinal Case)

Experimental Tests requiredbullEM effect needs protons only (COSY)bullFinal Design of APR Filter test with p at AD (CERN)

Model D V Mull K Holinde Phys Rev C 51 2360 (1995)

Model A T Hippchen et al Phys Rev C 44 1323 (1991)

50 100 150 200 250 T (MeV) 50 100 150 200 T (MeV)

005

010

015

020

P

005

010

015

020

P

2 beam lifetimesΨacc=10-50 mrad

3 beam lifetimesΨacc=20 mrad

Spin Workshop 05 Dubna M Contalbrigo - INFN Ferrara 38

SMILESMILE SSpin pin MMeasurements easurements

in in IInteractions at nteractions at LLow ow EEnergy nergy

bull Study of spin-filtering process

bull Electromagnetic interaction unpolarized protons on polarized internal target at COSY

bull Hadronic interaction unpolarized antiprotons on polarized internal target at AD (CERN)

From COSY to FAIRhellipFrom COSY to FAIRhellip

Spin Workshop 05 Dubna M Contalbrigo - INFN Ferrara 39

OutlineOutlinebull Introduction

ndash Physics Casendash The FAIR project

bull PAX Accelerator Setupndash Stagingndash Antiproton Polarizer Ringndash Asymmetric Antiproton-Proton Collider

bull Experimentndash Conceptual Detector Designndash Preliminary Results for Drell-Yan Studiesndash Rate estimates

Spin Workshop 05 Dubna M Contalbrigo - INFN Ferrara 40

RINGS SETUP RINGS SETUP

asymmetric collider L = 2∙1030 cm-2s-1

Spin Workshop 05 Dubna M Contalbrigo - INFN Ferrara 41

OutlineOutlinebull Introduction

ndash Physics Casendash The FAIR project

bull PAX Accelerator Setupndash Stagingndash Antiproton Polarizer Ringndash Asymmetric Antiproton-Proton Collider

bull Experimentndash Conceptual Detector Designndash Preliminary Results for Drell-Yan Studiesndash Rate estimates

Spin Workshop 05 Dubna M Contalbrigo - INFN Ferrara 42

PAX Detector Concept PAX Detector Concept

Physics h1 distribution sin2 EMFF sin2

pbar-p elastic high |t|

Magnet Keeps beam polarization vertical Compatible with Cerenkov Compatible with polarized target

Detector Extremely rare DY signal (10-7 p-pbar) Maximum Bjorken-x coverage (M interval) Excellent PID (hadrone rejection ~ 104) High mass resolution (le2 )

Moderate lepton energies (05-5 GeV)

Azimuthally SymmetricBARREL GEOMETRY

LARGE ANGLES

Experiment Flexible Facility

TOROIDNO FRINGE FIELD

e+e-

Spin Workshop 05 Dubna M Contalbrigo - INFN Ferrara 43

PAX Detector Concept PAX Detector Concept

Designed for Collider but compatible with fixed target

Cerenkov(200 m)

(20 m)

GEANT simulation

Spin Workshop 05 Dubna M Contalbrigo - INFN Ferrara 44

OutlineOutlinebull Introduction

ndash Physics Casendash The FAIR project

bull PAX Accelerator Setupndash Stagingndash Antiproton Polarizer Ringndash Asymmetric Antiproton-Proton Collider

bull Experimentndash Conceptual Detector Designndash Preliminary Results for Drell-Yan Studiesndash Rate estimates

Spin Workshop 05 Dubna M Contalbrigo - INFN Ferrara 45

-p Phase Space-p Phase Space

Background peaks at low energy forward direction

acceptance

Spin Workshop 05 Dubna M Contalbrigo - INFN Ferrara 46

Background to Drell-Yan eBackground to Drell-Yan e++ee--

frac12 hour experiment 2∙108 p-pbar interactions several DY events

combinatorial+charm bckg

Background 11 to signal after PID Egt300 MeV conversion veto mass cut the combinatorial component can be subtracted (wrong-sign control sample) the charm can be reduced (vertex decay)

+-++ amp --

Spin Workshop 05 Dubna M Contalbrigo - INFN Ferrara 47

-p Phase Space-p Phase Space

Vertex resolution high enoughto study charm background

Better than 2 mass resol x dependence of h1

resonance vs continuum

Mandatory to study M below Jψ mass

Spin Workshop 05 Dubna M Contalbrigo - INFN Ferrara 48

OutlineOutlinebull Introduction

ndash Physics Casendash The FAIR project

bull PAX Accelerator Setupndash Stagingndash Antiproton Polarizer Ringndash Asymmetric Antiproton-Proton Collider

bull Experimentndash Conceptual Detector Designndash Preliminary Results for Drell-Yan Studiesndash Rate estimates

Spin Workshop 05 Dubna M Contalbrigo - INFN Ferrara 49

10 precision on the h1u (x) in the valence region

1 year of data taking at 15+35 GeV collider L = 2∙1030 cm-2s-1

Precision in hPrecision in h11 measurement measurement

Spin Workshop 05 Dubna M Contalbrigo - INFN Ferrara 50

Summary

bull PAX project has an innovative spin physics program transversity SSA EMFF hard p-pbar scatterings

bull A method to obtain an antiproton beam with high degree of polarization has to be optimized (APR)

bull PAX viable accelerator setup provides fexible 2nd IP really matched to the physics items lots of interesting QCD physics in PAX Phase-I asymmetric collider ideal to map transversity (Phase-II)

Spin Workshop 05 Dubna M Contalbrigo - INFN Ferrara 51

Background to Drell-Yan eBackground to Drell-Yan e++ee--

frac12 hour experiment 2∙108 p-pbar interactions several DY events

combinatorial+charm bckg

Background 11 to signal after PID Egt300 MeV conversion veto mass cut the combinatorial component can be subtracted (wrong-sign control sample) the charm can be reduced (vertex decay)

+-++ amp --

Spin Workshop 05 Dubna M Contalbrigo - INFN Ferrara 52

PAX Integrated Luminosities for Physics PAX Integrated Luminosities for Physics CasesCases

pb-1

fb-1

Inte

gra

ted

Lu

min

osi

ty

EMFF DSA s=376 GeV2

ppbar elastic DSA t=4 GeV2

Phase-I L=151031 cm-2s-1

Antiproton Beam Polarization Ppbar=03 Proton Polarization Pp=08

Phase-II L=21030 cm-2s-1

EMFF DSA s=9 GeV2

Absolute Error ΔDSA=005

h1 DSA Mgt2 GeV Δ=10

h1 DSA Mgt4 GeV Δ=20

(1 y)

(4 y)(1 y)

Spin Workshop 05 Dubna M Contalbrigo - INFN Ferrara 53

q q

q qqqqq

TTTT xqxqxqxqe

xhxhxhxheaA

)()()()(

)()()()(ˆ

dd

dd

21212

211121112

Barone Calarco Drago

Martin Schaumlfer Stratmann Vogelsang

h1 from p-p Drell-Yan at RICHU70

h1q (x Q2) small and with much slower evolution than

Δq(x Q2) and q(x Q2) at small x

h1q (x Q2)- h1q (x Q2)ne

RHIC τ=x1x2~10-3 rarr sea quarks (ATT very small ~ 001 )

3102 RICH energies 22 GeV 100 GeV 200 Ms

  • PAX Polarized Antiproton eXperiments
  • PAX Collaboration
  • Slide 3
  • Outline
  • Slide 5
  • Slide 6
  • Slide 7
  • Slide 8
  • Slide 9
  • Slide 10
  • Slide 11
  • Slide 12
  • Slide 13
  • Slide 14
  • Slide 15
  • Slide 16
  • Slide 17
  • Slide 18
  • pp Elastic Scattering from ZGS
  • Slide 20
  • Proton Electromagnetic Formfactors
  • Slide 22
  • Slide 23
  • Slide 24
  • Slide 25
  • Slide 26
  • PAX Accelerator Setup
  • Slide 28
  • Slide 29
  • Slide 30
  • Slide 31
  • Slide 32
  • Slide 33
  • Slide 34
  • Slide 35
  • Slide 36
  • Slide 37
  • SMILE Spin Measurements in Interactions at Low Energy
  • Slide 39
  • Slide 40
  • Slide 41
  • Slide 42
  • Slide 43
  • Slide 44
  • Slide 45
  • Slide 46
  • Slide 47
  • Slide 48
  • Slide 49
  • Summary
  • Slide 51
  • PAX Integrated Luminosities for Physics Cases
  • Slide 53
Page 2: PAX Polarized Antiproton eXperiments

Spin Workshop 05 Dubna M Contalbrigo - INFN Ferrara 2

PAX CollaborationPAX Collaboration

TIMELINE

Jan 04 Letter of Intent

May 04 QCD-PAC meeting at GSI

Aug 04 Workshop on polarized antiprotons at GSI

Jan 05 Technical Report

Mar 05 QCD-PAC meeting at GSI

178 physicists (121 in August 2004)35 institutions (15 EU 20 NON-EU)

Spin Workshop 05 Dubna M Contalbrigo - INFN Ferrara 3

hellip the PAC would like to stress again the uniqueness of the program with polarized anti-protons and polarized protons that could become available at GSI

Evaluation by QCD-PAC (March Evaluation by QCD-PAC (March 2005)2005)

hellipthe PAC considers it is essential for the FAIR project to commit to polarized antiproton capability at this time and include polarized transport and acceleration capability in the HESR space for installation of the APR and CSR and associated hardware and the APR in the core project

We request the PAX collaboration to1) Commit to the construction and testing of the APR2) Explore all options to increase the luminosity to the value of 1031 cm-2s-

1

3) Prepare a more detailed physics proposal and detector design for each of the proposed stages These stages may include

a) 35 GeVc polarized antiprotons on a polarized proton targetb) 15 GeVc polarized antiprotons with the PANDA detector (for single spin asymmetries)c) 15 GeVc polarized antiprotons on a polarized proton target in a dedicated detector d) Collisions of 15 GeVc antiprotons with 35 GeVc polarized protons

Spin Workshop 05 Dubna M Contalbrigo - INFN Ferrara 4

OutlineOutlinebull Introduction

ndash Physics Casendash The FAIR project

bull PAX Accelerator Setupndash Stagingndash Antiproton Polarizer Ringndash Asymmetric Antiproton-Proton Collider

bull Experimentndash Conceptual Detector Designndash Preliminary Results for Drell-Yan Studiesndash Rate estimates

Spin Workshop 05 Dubna M Contalbrigo - INFN Ferrara 5

Physics with polarized antiprotons at GSI-PAX

Transversity via Drell-Yan processes

TTA direct access to transversity

Transverse Single Spin Asymmetries

QCD ldquotheoremrdquo (Sivers)D-Y = ndash (Sivers)DISNA

Time-like elm form factors

llpp form factors

Elastic processes

SLSSLLNNN AAA AA spin mysteries like in pp

High Energy

Low Energy

Spin Workshop 05 Dubna M Contalbrigo - INFN Ferrara 6

Leading Twist Distribution Functions

12 12

L L

+f1(x)

h1(x)

proton

protonrsquo

quark

quarkrsquo

u = 12(uR + uL)u = 12(uR - uL)

No probabilistic interpretation in the helicity base (off diagonal)

Probabilistic interpretation in helicity base

q(x) spin averaged

(well known)

q(x) helicity diff(known)

q(x) helicity flip(unknown)

12 12

R R

12 12

L L

-12 12

R R

g1(x)

Transversitybase

12 -12

R L

-

Spin Workshop 05 Dubna M Contalbrigo - INFN Ferrara 7

- Probes relativistic nature of quarks- No gluon analog for spin-12 nucleon- Different Q2 evolution than q - Sensitive to valence quark polarization

TransversityTransversity

Chiral-odd requires another chiral-odd partnerChiral-odd requires another chiral-odd partner

PropertiesProperties

Impossible in DIS Direct Measurement

ppe+e-X epersquohX

Indirect MeasurementConvolution of with

unknown fragment fct

h1 x h1 h1 x Collins function

h1 must couple to another chiral-odd function

Spin Workshop 05 Dubna M Contalbrigo - INFN Ferrara 8

Elementary LO interaction

)( )()( )(1

9

42121

2

212

2

2

2

xqxqxqxqexxsMdxdM

d

qq

F

2 22121 sQxsMxxxxx LFF

llqq

Drell-Yan processDrell-Yan process

dduuq

M invariant Massof lepton pair

sM 2

Spin Workshop 05 Dubna M Contalbrigo - INFN Ferrara 9

q q

q qqqqq

TTTT xqxqxqxqe

xhxhxhxheaA

)()()()(

)()()()(ˆ

dd

dd

21212

211121112

Barone Calarco Drago

Martin Schaumlfer Stratmann Vogelsang

h1 from p-p Drell-Yan at RICHU70

h1q (x Q2) small and with much slower evolution than

Δq(x Q2) and q(x Q2) at small x

h1q (x Q2)- h1q (x Q2)ne

RHIC τ=x1x2~10-3 rarr sea quarks (ATT very small ~ 001 )

Spin Workshop 05 Dubna M Contalbrigo - INFN Ferrara 10

h1 from pbar-p Drell-Yan at GSI

Similar predictions by Efremov et al

Eur Phys J C35 207 (2004)

PAX s=x1x2~01-03 rarr valence quarks (ATT large ~ 02-04 )

)()(

)()(ˆ

)()()()(

)()()()(ˆ

21

2111

21212

211121112

xuxu

xhxha

xqxqxqxqe

xhxhxhxheaA uu

TT

q q

q qqqqq

TTTT

Anselmino et al PLB 59497

(2004)

Spin Workshop 05 Dubna M Contalbrigo - INFN Ferrara 11

Kinematics for Drell-Yan processes

QCD corrections might be very large at smaller values of M for cross-sections not for ATT K-factor almost

spin-independent H Shimizu G Sterman W Vogelsang and H Yokoya hep-ph0503270

V Barone et al in preparation

Fermilab E866 800 GeVc

CERN NA51 450 GeVc

safe region

JMM

s

M J 2

Usually taken as

Q2gt4 GeV2

Spin Workshop 05 Dubna M Contalbrigo - INFN Ferrara 12

s=45 GeV2 s=210 GeV2

s=45 GeV2s=210 GeV2

Cross-section

Asymmetry

Spin Workshop 05 Dubna M Contalbrigo - INFN Ferrara 13

Physics with polarized antiprotons at GSI-PAX

Transversity via Drell-Yan processes

TTA direct access to transversity

Transverse Single Spin Asymmetries

QCD ldquotheoremrdquo (Sivers)D-Y = ndash (Sivers)DISNA

Time-like elm form factors

llpp form factors

Elastic processes

SLSSLLNNN AAA AA spin mysteries like in pp

High Energy

Low Energy

Spin Workshop 05 Dubna M Contalbrigo - INFN Ferrara 14

Single Spin Asymmetries (and their partonic

origin)

pq

Pq

π

kCollins effect = fragmentation of polarized quark

depends on Pqmiddot (pq x k)

P

pk

Sivers effect = number of partons in polarized

proton depends on P middot (p x k)

q

pk

Boer-Mulders effect = polarization of partons in

unpolarized proton depends on Pq middot (p x k)

qPq

Collins chiral-odd

Sivers chiral-even

Boer-Mulders chiral-odd

These effects may generate SSA

d d

d dNA

Spin Workshop 05 Dubna M Contalbrigo - INFN Ferrara 15

BNL-AGS radics = 66 GeV 06 lt pT lt 12 puarrp

E704 radics = 20 GeV 07 lt pT lt 20 puarrp

STAR-RHIC radics = 200 GeV 11 lt pT lt 25 puarrp

E704 radics = 20 GeV 07 lt pT lt 20 puarrp

SSA pp rarr πX

Spin Workshop 05 Dubna M Contalbrigo - INFN Ferrara 16

SSA SIDIS

Collins Sivers HERMES

Spin Workshop 05 Dubna M Contalbrigo - INFN Ferrara 17

SSA SIDIS

COMPASS

Spin Workshop 05 Dubna M Contalbrigo - INFN Ferrara 18

Physics with polarized antiprotons at GSI-PAX

Transversity via Drell-Yan processes

TTA direct access to transversity

Transverse Single Spin Asymmetries

QCD ldquotheoremrdquo (Sivers)D-Y = ndash (Sivers)DISNA

Time-like elm form factors

llpp form factors

Elastic processes

SLSSLLNNN AAA AA spin mysteries like in pp

High Energy

Low Energy

Spin Workshop 05 Dubna M Contalbrigo - INFN Ferrara 19

pp Elastic Scattering from ZGSpp Elastic Scattering from ZGS

Spin-dependence at large-PSpin-dependence at large-P (90deg90degcmcm))

Hard scattering takes Hard scattering takes place only with spins place only with spins

DG Crabb et al PRL 41 1257 (1978)

T=1085 GeV

Similar studies in pp elastic scattering

Spin Workshop 05 Dubna M Contalbrigo - INFN Ferrara 20

Physics with polarized antiprotons at GSI-PAX

Transversity via Drell-Yan processes

TTA direct access to transversity

Transverse Single Spin Asymmetries

QCD ldquotheoremrdquo (Sivers)D-Y = ndash (Sivers)DISNA

Time-like elm form factors

llpp form factors

Elastic processes

SLSSLLNNN AAA AA spin mysteries like in pp

High Energy

Low Energy

Spin Workshop 05 Dubna M Contalbrigo - INFN Ferrara 21

(Phys RevC 68 (2003) 034325)

JLab PT data

SLAC RS data

TWO DIFFERENTS METHODS

TWO DIFFERENTS RESULTS

COMPARISON BETWEEN

ROSENBLUTH SEPARATION AND

POLARIZATION TRANSFER TECNIQUES

Proton Electromagnetic Proton Electromagnetic Formfactors Formfactors

Spin Workshop 05 Dubna M Contalbrigo - INFN Ferrara 22

Proton Electromagnetic Proton Electromagnetic Formfactors Formfactors

bull Single-spin asymmetry in pp rarr e+e-

ndash Measurement of relative phases of magnetic and electric FF in the time-like region

bull Double-spin asymmetry in pp rarr e+e-

ndash independent GE-Gm separation

ndash test of Rosenbluth separation in the time-like region

2

p2

2E

22M

2M

E

y

m4q

|G|)(sin|G|)(cos1

)GGIm()2sin(A

S Brodsky et al Phys Rev D69 (2004)

Spin Workshop 05 Dubna M Contalbrigo - INFN Ferrara 23

OutlineOutlinebull Introduction

ndash Physics Casendash The FAIR project

bull PAX Accelerator Setupndash Stagingndash Antiproton Polarizer Ringndash Asymmetric Antiproton-Proton Collider

bull Experimentndash Conceptual Detector Designndash Preliminary Results for Drell-Yan Studiesndash Rate estimates

Spin Workshop 05 Dubna M Contalbrigo - INFN Ferrara 24

Facilty for Antiproton and Ion Research (GSI Darmstadt Germany)

-Proton linac (injector)-2 synchrotons (30 GeV p)-A number of storage rings Parallel beams operation

Spin Workshop 05 Dubna M Contalbrigo - INFN Ferrara 25

HESR

Antiproton Production

Target

HESR (High Energy Storage Ring) p = 15 - 15 GeVc (22 GeVc) (Length 442 m Bρ = 50 Tm)

PANDA storage ring (N=5 x 1010

pbar)

High luminosity mode (Δpp ~ 10-4) Luminosity = 2 x 1032 cm-2s-1

High resolution mode (Δpp ~ 10-5 ) Luminosity = 1031 cm-2s-1

PAX synchroton (N=3 x 1011 pbar) Preserve polarization Luminosity = 2 x 1030 cm-2s-1

The Antiproton FacilityThe Antiproton Facility

bullAntiproton production similar to CERN

bullProduction rate 107sec at 30 GeV

SuperFRS

NESR

CR

Beam Cooling e- andor stochastic

SIS100300

Spin Workshop 05 Dubna M Contalbrigo - INFN Ferrara 26

OutlineOutlinebull Introduction

ndash Physics Casendash The FAIR project

bull PAX Accelerator Setupndash Stagingndash Antiproton Polarizer Ringndash Asymmetric Antiproton-Proton Collider

bull Experimentndash Conceptual Detector Designndash Preliminary Results for Drell-Yan Studiesndash Rate estimates

Spin Workshop 05 Dubna M Contalbrigo - INFN Ferrara 27

PAX Accelerator SetupPAX Accelerator Setup

In the following focus on two issuesbull Antiproton Polarizer Ring (APR)bull Asymmetric Antiproton-Proton Collider

Spin Workshop 05 Dubna M Contalbrigo - INFN Ferrara 28

Staging Staging Phase I (PAXCSR)Phase I (PAXCSR)

Physics EMFFpbar-p elastic

Experiment polunpol pbar on internal polarized target

Independent from HESR running

Spin Workshop 05 Dubna M Contalbrigo - INFN Ferrara 29

Staging Staging Phase II (PAXHESR)Phase II (PAXHESR)

EXPERIMENT1 Asymmetric collider polarized antiprotons in HESR (p=15 GeVc)

polarized protons in CSR (p=35 GeVc)2 Internal polarized target with 22 GeVc polarized antiproton

beam

Physics Transversity

Second IP with minor interference with PANDA

Spin Workshop 05 Dubna M Contalbrigo - INFN Ferrara 30

OutlineOutlinebull Introduction

ndash Physics Casendash The FAIR project

bull PAX Accelerator Setupndash Stagingndash Antiproton Polarizer Ringndash Asymmetric Antiproton-Proton Collider

bull Experimentndash Conceptual Detector Designndash Preliminary Results for Drell-Yan Studiesndash Rate estimates

Spin Workshop 05 Dubna M Contalbrigo - INFN Ferrara 31

Principle of spin filter methodPrinciple of spin filter method

P beam polarizationQ target polarizationk || beam direction

σtot = σ0 + σmiddotPmiddotQ + σ||middot(Pmiddotk)(Qmiddotk)

transverse case

Q0tot

longitudinal case

Q)( ||0tot

For initially equally populated spin states (m=+frac12) and (m=-frac12)

Unpolarized anti-p beam

Polarized H target

Spin Workshop 05 Dubna M Contalbrigo - INFN Ferrara 32

The HERMES targetThe HERMES target

Atomic Beam SourceNIM A 505 (2003) 633

Pz+ = |1gt + |4gt

Pz- = |2gt + |3gt

mmjj = = ++1212

mmjj = = --1212

mmii=-12=-12

mmii=-12=-12

mmii=+1=+122

mmii=+1=+122

1|1gt|2gt

|3gt|4gt

ee-

pp|1gt

Spin Workshop 05 Dubna M Contalbrigo - INFN Ferrara 33

Performance of Polarized Internal Performance of Polarized Internal TargetsTargets

PT = 0795 0033

HERMES

H Transverse Field (B=297 mT)

HERMES

Dz

Dzz

PT = 0845 plusmn 0028

Longitudinal Field (B=335 mT)

HERMES Stored Positrons PINTEX Stored Protons

H

Fast reorientation in a weak field (xyz)

Targets work very reliably (months of stable operation)

Spin Workshop 05 Dubna M Contalbrigo - INFN Ferrara 34

Exploitation of Spin TransferExploitation of Spin Transfer

PAX will employ spin-filter from internal polarized hydrogen

target to antiprotons

Hydrogen gas target in strong field (300 mT)

F Rathmann et al PRL 71 1379 (1993)

Low energy pp scattering 1lt0 tot+lttot-

Expectation

Target Beam

FILTEX ResultsFILTEX Results

Spin Workshop 05 Dubna M Contalbrigo - INFN Ferrara 35

Puzzle from FILTEX TestPuzzle from FILTEX TestObserved polarization build-up dPdt = plusmn (124 plusmn 006) x 10-2 h-1

Expected build-up P(t)=tanh(tτpol)

1τpol=σ1Qdtf=24x10-2 h-1

about factor 2 larger

σ1 = 122 mb (pp phase shifts)Q = 083 plusmn 003dt = (56 plusmn 03) x 1013cm-2

f = 1177 MHz

Three distinct effects (measured 1=69 mb)

1 Selective removal through scattering beyond Ψacc=44 mrad σR=83 mb

2 Small angle scattering of target protons into ring acceptance σS=52 mb

3 Spin transfer from polarized electrons of the target atoms to the stored protons

σEM=70 mb (-) Horowitz amp Meyer PRL 72 3981 (1994)

HO Meyer PRE 50 1485 (1994)

Spin Workshop 05 Dubna M Contalbrigo - INFN Ferrara 36

01

02

03

04

Beam

Pola

riza

tion

P(2

middotτbeam)

10 T (MeV)100

EM only

5

10

30

20

40

Ψacc=50 mrad

0

1

Filter Test T = 23 MeV Ψacc= 44 mrad

Beam PolarizationBeam Polarization (Electromagnetic Interaction)(Electromagnetic Interaction)

Spin Workshop 05 Dubna M Contalbrigo - INFN Ferrara 37

Beam Polarization Beam Polarization (Hadronic Interaction Longitudinal Case)(Hadronic Interaction Longitudinal Case)

Experimental Tests requiredbullEM effect needs protons only (COSY)bullFinal Design of APR Filter test with p at AD (CERN)

Model D V Mull K Holinde Phys Rev C 51 2360 (1995)

Model A T Hippchen et al Phys Rev C 44 1323 (1991)

50 100 150 200 250 T (MeV) 50 100 150 200 T (MeV)

005

010

015

020

P

005

010

015

020

P

2 beam lifetimesΨacc=10-50 mrad

3 beam lifetimesΨacc=20 mrad

Spin Workshop 05 Dubna M Contalbrigo - INFN Ferrara 38

SMILESMILE SSpin pin MMeasurements easurements

in in IInteractions at nteractions at LLow ow EEnergy nergy

bull Study of spin-filtering process

bull Electromagnetic interaction unpolarized protons on polarized internal target at COSY

bull Hadronic interaction unpolarized antiprotons on polarized internal target at AD (CERN)

From COSY to FAIRhellipFrom COSY to FAIRhellip

Spin Workshop 05 Dubna M Contalbrigo - INFN Ferrara 39

OutlineOutlinebull Introduction

ndash Physics Casendash The FAIR project

bull PAX Accelerator Setupndash Stagingndash Antiproton Polarizer Ringndash Asymmetric Antiproton-Proton Collider

bull Experimentndash Conceptual Detector Designndash Preliminary Results for Drell-Yan Studiesndash Rate estimates

Spin Workshop 05 Dubna M Contalbrigo - INFN Ferrara 40

RINGS SETUP RINGS SETUP

asymmetric collider L = 2∙1030 cm-2s-1

Spin Workshop 05 Dubna M Contalbrigo - INFN Ferrara 41

OutlineOutlinebull Introduction

ndash Physics Casendash The FAIR project

bull PAX Accelerator Setupndash Stagingndash Antiproton Polarizer Ringndash Asymmetric Antiproton-Proton Collider

bull Experimentndash Conceptual Detector Designndash Preliminary Results for Drell-Yan Studiesndash Rate estimates

Spin Workshop 05 Dubna M Contalbrigo - INFN Ferrara 42

PAX Detector Concept PAX Detector Concept

Physics h1 distribution sin2 EMFF sin2

pbar-p elastic high |t|

Magnet Keeps beam polarization vertical Compatible with Cerenkov Compatible with polarized target

Detector Extremely rare DY signal (10-7 p-pbar) Maximum Bjorken-x coverage (M interval) Excellent PID (hadrone rejection ~ 104) High mass resolution (le2 )

Moderate lepton energies (05-5 GeV)

Azimuthally SymmetricBARREL GEOMETRY

LARGE ANGLES

Experiment Flexible Facility

TOROIDNO FRINGE FIELD

e+e-

Spin Workshop 05 Dubna M Contalbrigo - INFN Ferrara 43

PAX Detector Concept PAX Detector Concept

Designed for Collider but compatible with fixed target

Cerenkov(200 m)

(20 m)

GEANT simulation

Spin Workshop 05 Dubna M Contalbrigo - INFN Ferrara 44

OutlineOutlinebull Introduction

ndash Physics Casendash The FAIR project

bull PAX Accelerator Setupndash Stagingndash Antiproton Polarizer Ringndash Asymmetric Antiproton-Proton Collider

bull Experimentndash Conceptual Detector Designndash Preliminary Results for Drell-Yan Studiesndash Rate estimates

Spin Workshop 05 Dubna M Contalbrigo - INFN Ferrara 45

-p Phase Space-p Phase Space

Background peaks at low energy forward direction

acceptance

Spin Workshop 05 Dubna M Contalbrigo - INFN Ferrara 46

Background to Drell-Yan eBackground to Drell-Yan e++ee--

frac12 hour experiment 2∙108 p-pbar interactions several DY events

combinatorial+charm bckg

Background 11 to signal after PID Egt300 MeV conversion veto mass cut the combinatorial component can be subtracted (wrong-sign control sample) the charm can be reduced (vertex decay)

+-++ amp --

Spin Workshop 05 Dubna M Contalbrigo - INFN Ferrara 47

-p Phase Space-p Phase Space

Vertex resolution high enoughto study charm background

Better than 2 mass resol x dependence of h1

resonance vs continuum

Mandatory to study M below Jψ mass

Spin Workshop 05 Dubna M Contalbrigo - INFN Ferrara 48

OutlineOutlinebull Introduction

ndash Physics Casendash The FAIR project

bull PAX Accelerator Setupndash Stagingndash Antiproton Polarizer Ringndash Asymmetric Antiproton-Proton Collider

bull Experimentndash Conceptual Detector Designndash Preliminary Results for Drell-Yan Studiesndash Rate estimates

Spin Workshop 05 Dubna M Contalbrigo - INFN Ferrara 49

10 precision on the h1u (x) in the valence region

1 year of data taking at 15+35 GeV collider L = 2∙1030 cm-2s-1

Precision in hPrecision in h11 measurement measurement

Spin Workshop 05 Dubna M Contalbrigo - INFN Ferrara 50

Summary

bull PAX project has an innovative spin physics program transversity SSA EMFF hard p-pbar scatterings

bull A method to obtain an antiproton beam with high degree of polarization has to be optimized (APR)

bull PAX viable accelerator setup provides fexible 2nd IP really matched to the physics items lots of interesting QCD physics in PAX Phase-I asymmetric collider ideal to map transversity (Phase-II)

Spin Workshop 05 Dubna M Contalbrigo - INFN Ferrara 51

Background to Drell-Yan eBackground to Drell-Yan e++ee--

frac12 hour experiment 2∙108 p-pbar interactions several DY events

combinatorial+charm bckg

Background 11 to signal after PID Egt300 MeV conversion veto mass cut the combinatorial component can be subtracted (wrong-sign control sample) the charm can be reduced (vertex decay)

+-++ amp --

Spin Workshop 05 Dubna M Contalbrigo - INFN Ferrara 52

PAX Integrated Luminosities for Physics PAX Integrated Luminosities for Physics CasesCases

pb-1

fb-1

Inte

gra

ted

Lu

min

osi

ty

EMFF DSA s=376 GeV2

ppbar elastic DSA t=4 GeV2

Phase-I L=151031 cm-2s-1

Antiproton Beam Polarization Ppbar=03 Proton Polarization Pp=08

Phase-II L=21030 cm-2s-1

EMFF DSA s=9 GeV2

Absolute Error ΔDSA=005

h1 DSA Mgt2 GeV Δ=10

h1 DSA Mgt4 GeV Δ=20

(1 y)

(4 y)(1 y)

Spin Workshop 05 Dubna M Contalbrigo - INFN Ferrara 53

q q

q qqqqq

TTTT xqxqxqxqe

xhxhxhxheaA

)()()()(

)()()()(ˆ

dd

dd

21212

211121112

Barone Calarco Drago

Martin Schaumlfer Stratmann Vogelsang

h1 from p-p Drell-Yan at RICHU70

h1q (x Q2) small and with much slower evolution than

Δq(x Q2) and q(x Q2) at small x

h1q (x Q2)- h1q (x Q2)ne

RHIC τ=x1x2~10-3 rarr sea quarks (ATT very small ~ 001 )

3102 RICH energies 22 GeV 100 GeV 200 Ms

  • PAX Polarized Antiproton eXperiments
  • PAX Collaboration
  • Slide 3
  • Outline
  • Slide 5
  • Slide 6
  • Slide 7
  • Slide 8
  • Slide 9
  • Slide 10
  • Slide 11
  • Slide 12
  • Slide 13
  • Slide 14
  • Slide 15
  • Slide 16
  • Slide 17
  • Slide 18
  • pp Elastic Scattering from ZGS
  • Slide 20
  • Proton Electromagnetic Formfactors
  • Slide 22
  • Slide 23
  • Slide 24
  • Slide 25
  • Slide 26
  • PAX Accelerator Setup
  • Slide 28
  • Slide 29
  • Slide 30
  • Slide 31
  • Slide 32
  • Slide 33
  • Slide 34
  • Slide 35
  • Slide 36
  • Slide 37
  • SMILE Spin Measurements in Interactions at Low Energy
  • Slide 39
  • Slide 40
  • Slide 41
  • Slide 42
  • Slide 43
  • Slide 44
  • Slide 45
  • Slide 46
  • Slide 47
  • Slide 48
  • Slide 49
  • Summary
  • Slide 51
  • PAX Integrated Luminosities for Physics Cases
  • Slide 53
Page 3: PAX Polarized Antiproton eXperiments

Spin Workshop 05 Dubna M Contalbrigo - INFN Ferrara 3

hellip the PAC would like to stress again the uniqueness of the program with polarized anti-protons and polarized protons that could become available at GSI

Evaluation by QCD-PAC (March Evaluation by QCD-PAC (March 2005)2005)

hellipthe PAC considers it is essential for the FAIR project to commit to polarized antiproton capability at this time and include polarized transport and acceleration capability in the HESR space for installation of the APR and CSR and associated hardware and the APR in the core project

We request the PAX collaboration to1) Commit to the construction and testing of the APR2) Explore all options to increase the luminosity to the value of 1031 cm-2s-

1

3) Prepare a more detailed physics proposal and detector design for each of the proposed stages These stages may include

a) 35 GeVc polarized antiprotons on a polarized proton targetb) 15 GeVc polarized antiprotons with the PANDA detector (for single spin asymmetries)c) 15 GeVc polarized antiprotons on a polarized proton target in a dedicated detector d) Collisions of 15 GeVc antiprotons with 35 GeVc polarized protons

Spin Workshop 05 Dubna M Contalbrigo - INFN Ferrara 4

OutlineOutlinebull Introduction

ndash Physics Casendash The FAIR project

bull PAX Accelerator Setupndash Stagingndash Antiproton Polarizer Ringndash Asymmetric Antiproton-Proton Collider

bull Experimentndash Conceptual Detector Designndash Preliminary Results for Drell-Yan Studiesndash Rate estimates

Spin Workshop 05 Dubna M Contalbrigo - INFN Ferrara 5

Physics with polarized antiprotons at GSI-PAX

Transversity via Drell-Yan processes

TTA direct access to transversity

Transverse Single Spin Asymmetries

QCD ldquotheoremrdquo (Sivers)D-Y = ndash (Sivers)DISNA

Time-like elm form factors

llpp form factors

Elastic processes

SLSSLLNNN AAA AA spin mysteries like in pp

High Energy

Low Energy

Spin Workshop 05 Dubna M Contalbrigo - INFN Ferrara 6

Leading Twist Distribution Functions

12 12

L L

+f1(x)

h1(x)

proton

protonrsquo

quark

quarkrsquo

u = 12(uR + uL)u = 12(uR - uL)

No probabilistic interpretation in the helicity base (off diagonal)

Probabilistic interpretation in helicity base

q(x) spin averaged

(well known)

q(x) helicity diff(known)

q(x) helicity flip(unknown)

12 12

R R

12 12

L L

-12 12

R R

g1(x)

Transversitybase

12 -12

R L

-

Spin Workshop 05 Dubna M Contalbrigo - INFN Ferrara 7

- Probes relativistic nature of quarks- No gluon analog for spin-12 nucleon- Different Q2 evolution than q - Sensitive to valence quark polarization

TransversityTransversity

Chiral-odd requires another chiral-odd partnerChiral-odd requires another chiral-odd partner

PropertiesProperties

Impossible in DIS Direct Measurement

ppe+e-X epersquohX

Indirect MeasurementConvolution of with

unknown fragment fct

h1 x h1 h1 x Collins function

h1 must couple to another chiral-odd function

Spin Workshop 05 Dubna M Contalbrigo - INFN Ferrara 8

Elementary LO interaction

)( )()( )(1

9

42121

2

212

2

2

2

xqxqxqxqexxsMdxdM

d

qq

F

2 22121 sQxsMxxxxx LFF

llqq

Drell-Yan processDrell-Yan process

dduuq

M invariant Massof lepton pair

sM 2

Spin Workshop 05 Dubna M Contalbrigo - INFN Ferrara 9

q q

q qqqqq

TTTT xqxqxqxqe

xhxhxhxheaA

)()()()(

)()()()(ˆ

dd

dd

21212

211121112

Barone Calarco Drago

Martin Schaumlfer Stratmann Vogelsang

h1 from p-p Drell-Yan at RICHU70

h1q (x Q2) small and with much slower evolution than

Δq(x Q2) and q(x Q2) at small x

h1q (x Q2)- h1q (x Q2)ne

RHIC τ=x1x2~10-3 rarr sea quarks (ATT very small ~ 001 )

Spin Workshop 05 Dubna M Contalbrigo - INFN Ferrara 10

h1 from pbar-p Drell-Yan at GSI

Similar predictions by Efremov et al

Eur Phys J C35 207 (2004)

PAX s=x1x2~01-03 rarr valence quarks (ATT large ~ 02-04 )

)()(

)()(ˆ

)()()()(

)()()()(ˆ

21

2111

21212

211121112

xuxu

xhxha

xqxqxqxqe

xhxhxhxheaA uu

TT

q q

q qqqqq

TTTT

Anselmino et al PLB 59497

(2004)

Spin Workshop 05 Dubna M Contalbrigo - INFN Ferrara 11

Kinematics for Drell-Yan processes

QCD corrections might be very large at smaller values of M for cross-sections not for ATT K-factor almost

spin-independent H Shimizu G Sterman W Vogelsang and H Yokoya hep-ph0503270

V Barone et al in preparation

Fermilab E866 800 GeVc

CERN NA51 450 GeVc

safe region

JMM

s

M J 2

Usually taken as

Q2gt4 GeV2

Spin Workshop 05 Dubna M Contalbrigo - INFN Ferrara 12

s=45 GeV2 s=210 GeV2

s=45 GeV2s=210 GeV2

Cross-section

Asymmetry

Spin Workshop 05 Dubna M Contalbrigo - INFN Ferrara 13

Physics with polarized antiprotons at GSI-PAX

Transversity via Drell-Yan processes

TTA direct access to transversity

Transverse Single Spin Asymmetries

QCD ldquotheoremrdquo (Sivers)D-Y = ndash (Sivers)DISNA

Time-like elm form factors

llpp form factors

Elastic processes

SLSSLLNNN AAA AA spin mysteries like in pp

High Energy

Low Energy

Spin Workshop 05 Dubna M Contalbrigo - INFN Ferrara 14

Single Spin Asymmetries (and their partonic

origin)

pq

Pq

π

kCollins effect = fragmentation of polarized quark

depends on Pqmiddot (pq x k)

P

pk

Sivers effect = number of partons in polarized

proton depends on P middot (p x k)

q

pk

Boer-Mulders effect = polarization of partons in

unpolarized proton depends on Pq middot (p x k)

qPq

Collins chiral-odd

Sivers chiral-even

Boer-Mulders chiral-odd

These effects may generate SSA

d d

d dNA

Spin Workshop 05 Dubna M Contalbrigo - INFN Ferrara 15

BNL-AGS radics = 66 GeV 06 lt pT lt 12 puarrp

E704 radics = 20 GeV 07 lt pT lt 20 puarrp

STAR-RHIC radics = 200 GeV 11 lt pT lt 25 puarrp

E704 radics = 20 GeV 07 lt pT lt 20 puarrp

SSA pp rarr πX

Spin Workshop 05 Dubna M Contalbrigo - INFN Ferrara 16

SSA SIDIS

Collins Sivers HERMES

Spin Workshop 05 Dubna M Contalbrigo - INFN Ferrara 17

SSA SIDIS

COMPASS

Spin Workshop 05 Dubna M Contalbrigo - INFN Ferrara 18

Physics with polarized antiprotons at GSI-PAX

Transversity via Drell-Yan processes

TTA direct access to transversity

Transverse Single Spin Asymmetries

QCD ldquotheoremrdquo (Sivers)D-Y = ndash (Sivers)DISNA

Time-like elm form factors

llpp form factors

Elastic processes

SLSSLLNNN AAA AA spin mysteries like in pp

High Energy

Low Energy

Spin Workshop 05 Dubna M Contalbrigo - INFN Ferrara 19

pp Elastic Scattering from ZGSpp Elastic Scattering from ZGS

Spin-dependence at large-PSpin-dependence at large-P (90deg90degcmcm))

Hard scattering takes Hard scattering takes place only with spins place only with spins

DG Crabb et al PRL 41 1257 (1978)

T=1085 GeV

Similar studies in pp elastic scattering

Spin Workshop 05 Dubna M Contalbrigo - INFN Ferrara 20

Physics with polarized antiprotons at GSI-PAX

Transversity via Drell-Yan processes

TTA direct access to transversity

Transverse Single Spin Asymmetries

QCD ldquotheoremrdquo (Sivers)D-Y = ndash (Sivers)DISNA

Time-like elm form factors

llpp form factors

Elastic processes

SLSSLLNNN AAA AA spin mysteries like in pp

High Energy

Low Energy

Spin Workshop 05 Dubna M Contalbrigo - INFN Ferrara 21

(Phys RevC 68 (2003) 034325)

JLab PT data

SLAC RS data

TWO DIFFERENTS METHODS

TWO DIFFERENTS RESULTS

COMPARISON BETWEEN

ROSENBLUTH SEPARATION AND

POLARIZATION TRANSFER TECNIQUES

Proton Electromagnetic Proton Electromagnetic Formfactors Formfactors

Spin Workshop 05 Dubna M Contalbrigo - INFN Ferrara 22

Proton Electromagnetic Proton Electromagnetic Formfactors Formfactors

bull Single-spin asymmetry in pp rarr e+e-

ndash Measurement of relative phases of magnetic and electric FF in the time-like region

bull Double-spin asymmetry in pp rarr e+e-

ndash independent GE-Gm separation

ndash test of Rosenbluth separation in the time-like region

2

p2

2E

22M

2M

E

y

m4q

|G|)(sin|G|)(cos1

)GGIm()2sin(A

S Brodsky et al Phys Rev D69 (2004)

Spin Workshop 05 Dubna M Contalbrigo - INFN Ferrara 23

OutlineOutlinebull Introduction

ndash Physics Casendash The FAIR project

bull PAX Accelerator Setupndash Stagingndash Antiproton Polarizer Ringndash Asymmetric Antiproton-Proton Collider

bull Experimentndash Conceptual Detector Designndash Preliminary Results for Drell-Yan Studiesndash Rate estimates

Spin Workshop 05 Dubna M Contalbrigo - INFN Ferrara 24

Facilty for Antiproton and Ion Research (GSI Darmstadt Germany)

-Proton linac (injector)-2 synchrotons (30 GeV p)-A number of storage rings Parallel beams operation

Spin Workshop 05 Dubna M Contalbrigo - INFN Ferrara 25

HESR

Antiproton Production

Target

HESR (High Energy Storage Ring) p = 15 - 15 GeVc (22 GeVc) (Length 442 m Bρ = 50 Tm)

PANDA storage ring (N=5 x 1010

pbar)

High luminosity mode (Δpp ~ 10-4) Luminosity = 2 x 1032 cm-2s-1

High resolution mode (Δpp ~ 10-5 ) Luminosity = 1031 cm-2s-1

PAX synchroton (N=3 x 1011 pbar) Preserve polarization Luminosity = 2 x 1030 cm-2s-1

The Antiproton FacilityThe Antiproton Facility

bullAntiproton production similar to CERN

bullProduction rate 107sec at 30 GeV

SuperFRS

NESR

CR

Beam Cooling e- andor stochastic

SIS100300

Spin Workshop 05 Dubna M Contalbrigo - INFN Ferrara 26

OutlineOutlinebull Introduction

ndash Physics Casendash The FAIR project

bull PAX Accelerator Setupndash Stagingndash Antiproton Polarizer Ringndash Asymmetric Antiproton-Proton Collider

bull Experimentndash Conceptual Detector Designndash Preliminary Results for Drell-Yan Studiesndash Rate estimates

Spin Workshop 05 Dubna M Contalbrigo - INFN Ferrara 27

PAX Accelerator SetupPAX Accelerator Setup

In the following focus on two issuesbull Antiproton Polarizer Ring (APR)bull Asymmetric Antiproton-Proton Collider

Spin Workshop 05 Dubna M Contalbrigo - INFN Ferrara 28

Staging Staging Phase I (PAXCSR)Phase I (PAXCSR)

Physics EMFFpbar-p elastic

Experiment polunpol pbar on internal polarized target

Independent from HESR running

Spin Workshop 05 Dubna M Contalbrigo - INFN Ferrara 29

Staging Staging Phase II (PAXHESR)Phase II (PAXHESR)

EXPERIMENT1 Asymmetric collider polarized antiprotons in HESR (p=15 GeVc)

polarized protons in CSR (p=35 GeVc)2 Internal polarized target with 22 GeVc polarized antiproton

beam

Physics Transversity

Second IP with minor interference with PANDA

Spin Workshop 05 Dubna M Contalbrigo - INFN Ferrara 30

OutlineOutlinebull Introduction

ndash Physics Casendash The FAIR project

bull PAX Accelerator Setupndash Stagingndash Antiproton Polarizer Ringndash Asymmetric Antiproton-Proton Collider

bull Experimentndash Conceptual Detector Designndash Preliminary Results for Drell-Yan Studiesndash Rate estimates

Spin Workshop 05 Dubna M Contalbrigo - INFN Ferrara 31

Principle of spin filter methodPrinciple of spin filter method

P beam polarizationQ target polarizationk || beam direction

σtot = σ0 + σmiddotPmiddotQ + σ||middot(Pmiddotk)(Qmiddotk)

transverse case

Q0tot

longitudinal case

Q)( ||0tot

For initially equally populated spin states (m=+frac12) and (m=-frac12)

Unpolarized anti-p beam

Polarized H target

Spin Workshop 05 Dubna M Contalbrigo - INFN Ferrara 32

The HERMES targetThe HERMES target

Atomic Beam SourceNIM A 505 (2003) 633

Pz+ = |1gt + |4gt

Pz- = |2gt + |3gt

mmjj = = ++1212

mmjj = = --1212

mmii=-12=-12

mmii=-12=-12

mmii=+1=+122

mmii=+1=+122

1|1gt|2gt

|3gt|4gt

ee-

pp|1gt

Spin Workshop 05 Dubna M Contalbrigo - INFN Ferrara 33

Performance of Polarized Internal Performance of Polarized Internal TargetsTargets

PT = 0795 0033

HERMES

H Transverse Field (B=297 mT)

HERMES

Dz

Dzz

PT = 0845 plusmn 0028

Longitudinal Field (B=335 mT)

HERMES Stored Positrons PINTEX Stored Protons

H

Fast reorientation in a weak field (xyz)

Targets work very reliably (months of stable operation)

Spin Workshop 05 Dubna M Contalbrigo - INFN Ferrara 34

Exploitation of Spin TransferExploitation of Spin Transfer

PAX will employ spin-filter from internal polarized hydrogen

target to antiprotons

Hydrogen gas target in strong field (300 mT)

F Rathmann et al PRL 71 1379 (1993)

Low energy pp scattering 1lt0 tot+lttot-

Expectation

Target Beam

FILTEX ResultsFILTEX Results

Spin Workshop 05 Dubna M Contalbrigo - INFN Ferrara 35

Puzzle from FILTEX TestPuzzle from FILTEX TestObserved polarization build-up dPdt = plusmn (124 plusmn 006) x 10-2 h-1

Expected build-up P(t)=tanh(tτpol)

1τpol=σ1Qdtf=24x10-2 h-1

about factor 2 larger

σ1 = 122 mb (pp phase shifts)Q = 083 plusmn 003dt = (56 plusmn 03) x 1013cm-2

f = 1177 MHz

Three distinct effects (measured 1=69 mb)

1 Selective removal through scattering beyond Ψacc=44 mrad σR=83 mb

2 Small angle scattering of target protons into ring acceptance σS=52 mb

3 Spin transfer from polarized electrons of the target atoms to the stored protons

σEM=70 mb (-) Horowitz amp Meyer PRL 72 3981 (1994)

HO Meyer PRE 50 1485 (1994)

Spin Workshop 05 Dubna M Contalbrigo - INFN Ferrara 36

01

02

03

04

Beam

Pola

riza

tion

P(2

middotτbeam)

10 T (MeV)100

EM only

5

10

30

20

40

Ψacc=50 mrad

0

1

Filter Test T = 23 MeV Ψacc= 44 mrad

Beam PolarizationBeam Polarization (Electromagnetic Interaction)(Electromagnetic Interaction)

Spin Workshop 05 Dubna M Contalbrigo - INFN Ferrara 37

Beam Polarization Beam Polarization (Hadronic Interaction Longitudinal Case)(Hadronic Interaction Longitudinal Case)

Experimental Tests requiredbullEM effect needs protons only (COSY)bullFinal Design of APR Filter test with p at AD (CERN)

Model D V Mull K Holinde Phys Rev C 51 2360 (1995)

Model A T Hippchen et al Phys Rev C 44 1323 (1991)

50 100 150 200 250 T (MeV) 50 100 150 200 T (MeV)

005

010

015

020

P

005

010

015

020

P

2 beam lifetimesΨacc=10-50 mrad

3 beam lifetimesΨacc=20 mrad

Spin Workshop 05 Dubna M Contalbrigo - INFN Ferrara 38

SMILESMILE SSpin pin MMeasurements easurements

in in IInteractions at nteractions at LLow ow EEnergy nergy

bull Study of spin-filtering process

bull Electromagnetic interaction unpolarized protons on polarized internal target at COSY

bull Hadronic interaction unpolarized antiprotons on polarized internal target at AD (CERN)

From COSY to FAIRhellipFrom COSY to FAIRhellip

Spin Workshop 05 Dubna M Contalbrigo - INFN Ferrara 39

OutlineOutlinebull Introduction

ndash Physics Casendash The FAIR project

bull PAX Accelerator Setupndash Stagingndash Antiproton Polarizer Ringndash Asymmetric Antiproton-Proton Collider

bull Experimentndash Conceptual Detector Designndash Preliminary Results for Drell-Yan Studiesndash Rate estimates

Spin Workshop 05 Dubna M Contalbrigo - INFN Ferrara 40

RINGS SETUP RINGS SETUP

asymmetric collider L = 2∙1030 cm-2s-1

Spin Workshop 05 Dubna M Contalbrigo - INFN Ferrara 41

OutlineOutlinebull Introduction

ndash Physics Casendash The FAIR project

bull PAX Accelerator Setupndash Stagingndash Antiproton Polarizer Ringndash Asymmetric Antiproton-Proton Collider

bull Experimentndash Conceptual Detector Designndash Preliminary Results for Drell-Yan Studiesndash Rate estimates

Spin Workshop 05 Dubna M Contalbrigo - INFN Ferrara 42

PAX Detector Concept PAX Detector Concept

Physics h1 distribution sin2 EMFF sin2

pbar-p elastic high |t|

Magnet Keeps beam polarization vertical Compatible with Cerenkov Compatible with polarized target

Detector Extremely rare DY signal (10-7 p-pbar) Maximum Bjorken-x coverage (M interval) Excellent PID (hadrone rejection ~ 104) High mass resolution (le2 )

Moderate lepton energies (05-5 GeV)

Azimuthally SymmetricBARREL GEOMETRY

LARGE ANGLES

Experiment Flexible Facility

TOROIDNO FRINGE FIELD

e+e-

Spin Workshop 05 Dubna M Contalbrigo - INFN Ferrara 43

PAX Detector Concept PAX Detector Concept

Designed for Collider but compatible with fixed target

Cerenkov(200 m)

(20 m)

GEANT simulation

Spin Workshop 05 Dubna M Contalbrigo - INFN Ferrara 44

OutlineOutlinebull Introduction

ndash Physics Casendash The FAIR project

bull PAX Accelerator Setupndash Stagingndash Antiproton Polarizer Ringndash Asymmetric Antiproton-Proton Collider

bull Experimentndash Conceptual Detector Designndash Preliminary Results for Drell-Yan Studiesndash Rate estimates

Spin Workshop 05 Dubna M Contalbrigo - INFN Ferrara 45

-p Phase Space-p Phase Space

Background peaks at low energy forward direction

acceptance

Spin Workshop 05 Dubna M Contalbrigo - INFN Ferrara 46

Background to Drell-Yan eBackground to Drell-Yan e++ee--

frac12 hour experiment 2∙108 p-pbar interactions several DY events

combinatorial+charm bckg

Background 11 to signal after PID Egt300 MeV conversion veto mass cut the combinatorial component can be subtracted (wrong-sign control sample) the charm can be reduced (vertex decay)

+-++ amp --

Spin Workshop 05 Dubna M Contalbrigo - INFN Ferrara 47

-p Phase Space-p Phase Space

Vertex resolution high enoughto study charm background

Better than 2 mass resol x dependence of h1

resonance vs continuum

Mandatory to study M below Jψ mass

Spin Workshop 05 Dubna M Contalbrigo - INFN Ferrara 48

OutlineOutlinebull Introduction

ndash Physics Casendash The FAIR project

bull PAX Accelerator Setupndash Stagingndash Antiproton Polarizer Ringndash Asymmetric Antiproton-Proton Collider

bull Experimentndash Conceptual Detector Designndash Preliminary Results for Drell-Yan Studiesndash Rate estimates

Spin Workshop 05 Dubna M Contalbrigo - INFN Ferrara 49

10 precision on the h1u (x) in the valence region

1 year of data taking at 15+35 GeV collider L = 2∙1030 cm-2s-1

Precision in hPrecision in h11 measurement measurement

Spin Workshop 05 Dubna M Contalbrigo - INFN Ferrara 50

Summary

bull PAX project has an innovative spin physics program transversity SSA EMFF hard p-pbar scatterings

bull A method to obtain an antiproton beam with high degree of polarization has to be optimized (APR)

bull PAX viable accelerator setup provides fexible 2nd IP really matched to the physics items lots of interesting QCD physics in PAX Phase-I asymmetric collider ideal to map transversity (Phase-II)

Spin Workshop 05 Dubna M Contalbrigo - INFN Ferrara 51

Background to Drell-Yan eBackground to Drell-Yan e++ee--

frac12 hour experiment 2∙108 p-pbar interactions several DY events

combinatorial+charm bckg

Background 11 to signal after PID Egt300 MeV conversion veto mass cut the combinatorial component can be subtracted (wrong-sign control sample) the charm can be reduced (vertex decay)

+-++ amp --

Spin Workshop 05 Dubna M Contalbrigo - INFN Ferrara 52

PAX Integrated Luminosities for Physics PAX Integrated Luminosities for Physics CasesCases

pb-1

fb-1

Inte

gra

ted

Lu

min

osi

ty

EMFF DSA s=376 GeV2

ppbar elastic DSA t=4 GeV2

Phase-I L=151031 cm-2s-1

Antiproton Beam Polarization Ppbar=03 Proton Polarization Pp=08

Phase-II L=21030 cm-2s-1

EMFF DSA s=9 GeV2

Absolute Error ΔDSA=005

h1 DSA Mgt2 GeV Δ=10

h1 DSA Mgt4 GeV Δ=20

(1 y)

(4 y)(1 y)

Spin Workshop 05 Dubna M Contalbrigo - INFN Ferrara 53

q q

q qqqqq

TTTT xqxqxqxqe

xhxhxhxheaA

)()()()(

)()()()(ˆ

dd

dd

21212

211121112

Barone Calarco Drago

Martin Schaumlfer Stratmann Vogelsang

h1 from p-p Drell-Yan at RICHU70

h1q (x Q2) small and with much slower evolution than

Δq(x Q2) and q(x Q2) at small x

h1q (x Q2)- h1q (x Q2)ne

RHIC τ=x1x2~10-3 rarr sea quarks (ATT very small ~ 001 )

3102 RICH energies 22 GeV 100 GeV 200 Ms

  • PAX Polarized Antiproton eXperiments
  • PAX Collaboration
  • Slide 3
  • Outline
  • Slide 5
  • Slide 6
  • Slide 7
  • Slide 8
  • Slide 9
  • Slide 10
  • Slide 11
  • Slide 12
  • Slide 13
  • Slide 14
  • Slide 15
  • Slide 16
  • Slide 17
  • Slide 18
  • pp Elastic Scattering from ZGS
  • Slide 20
  • Proton Electromagnetic Formfactors
  • Slide 22
  • Slide 23
  • Slide 24
  • Slide 25
  • Slide 26
  • PAX Accelerator Setup
  • Slide 28
  • Slide 29
  • Slide 30
  • Slide 31
  • Slide 32
  • Slide 33
  • Slide 34
  • Slide 35
  • Slide 36
  • Slide 37
  • SMILE Spin Measurements in Interactions at Low Energy
  • Slide 39
  • Slide 40
  • Slide 41
  • Slide 42
  • Slide 43
  • Slide 44
  • Slide 45
  • Slide 46
  • Slide 47
  • Slide 48
  • Slide 49
  • Summary
  • Slide 51
  • PAX Integrated Luminosities for Physics Cases
  • Slide 53
Page 4: PAX Polarized Antiproton eXperiments

Spin Workshop 05 Dubna M Contalbrigo - INFN Ferrara 4

OutlineOutlinebull Introduction

ndash Physics Casendash The FAIR project

bull PAX Accelerator Setupndash Stagingndash Antiproton Polarizer Ringndash Asymmetric Antiproton-Proton Collider

bull Experimentndash Conceptual Detector Designndash Preliminary Results for Drell-Yan Studiesndash Rate estimates

Spin Workshop 05 Dubna M Contalbrigo - INFN Ferrara 5

Physics with polarized antiprotons at GSI-PAX

Transversity via Drell-Yan processes

TTA direct access to transversity

Transverse Single Spin Asymmetries

QCD ldquotheoremrdquo (Sivers)D-Y = ndash (Sivers)DISNA

Time-like elm form factors

llpp form factors

Elastic processes

SLSSLLNNN AAA AA spin mysteries like in pp

High Energy

Low Energy

Spin Workshop 05 Dubna M Contalbrigo - INFN Ferrara 6

Leading Twist Distribution Functions

12 12

L L

+f1(x)

h1(x)

proton

protonrsquo

quark

quarkrsquo

u = 12(uR + uL)u = 12(uR - uL)

No probabilistic interpretation in the helicity base (off diagonal)

Probabilistic interpretation in helicity base

q(x) spin averaged

(well known)

q(x) helicity diff(known)

q(x) helicity flip(unknown)

12 12

R R

12 12

L L

-12 12

R R

g1(x)

Transversitybase

12 -12

R L

-

Spin Workshop 05 Dubna M Contalbrigo - INFN Ferrara 7

- Probes relativistic nature of quarks- No gluon analog for spin-12 nucleon- Different Q2 evolution than q - Sensitive to valence quark polarization

TransversityTransversity

Chiral-odd requires another chiral-odd partnerChiral-odd requires another chiral-odd partner

PropertiesProperties

Impossible in DIS Direct Measurement

ppe+e-X epersquohX

Indirect MeasurementConvolution of with

unknown fragment fct

h1 x h1 h1 x Collins function

h1 must couple to another chiral-odd function

Spin Workshop 05 Dubna M Contalbrigo - INFN Ferrara 8

Elementary LO interaction

)( )()( )(1

9

42121

2

212

2

2

2

xqxqxqxqexxsMdxdM

d

qq

F

2 22121 sQxsMxxxxx LFF

llqq

Drell-Yan processDrell-Yan process

dduuq

M invariant Massof lepton pair

sM 2

Spin Workshop 05 Dubna M Contalbrigo - INFN Ferrara 9

q q

q qqqqq

TTTT xqxqxqxqe

xhxhxhxheaA

)()()()(

)()()()(ˆ

dd

dd

21212

211121112

Barone Calarco Drago

Martin Schaumlfer Stratmann Vogelsang

h1 from p-p Drell-Yan at RICHU70

h1q (x Q2) small and with much slower evolution than

Δq(x Q2) and q(x Q2) at small x

h1q (x Q2)- h1q (x Q2)ne

RHIC τ=x1x2~10-3 rarr sea quarks (ATT very small ~ 001 )

Spin Workshop 05 Dubna M Contalbrigo - INFN Ferrara 10

h1 from pbar-p Drell-Yan at GSI

Similar predictions by Efremov et al

Eur Phys J C35 207 (2004)

PAX s=x1x2~01-03 rarr valence quarks (ATT large ~ 02-04 )

)()(

)()(ˆ

)()()()(

)()()()(ˆ

21

2111

21212

211121112

xuxu

xhxha

xqxqxqxqe

xhxhxhxheaA uu

TT

q q

q qqqqq

TTTT

Anselmino et al PLB 59497

(2004)

Spin Workshop 05 Dubna M Contalbrigo - INFN Ferrara 11

Kinematics for Drell-Yan processes

QCD corrections might be very large at smaller values of M for cross-sections not for ATT K-factor almost

spin-independent H Shimizu G Sterman W Vogelsang and H Yokoya hep-ph0503270

V Barone et al in preparation

Fermilab E866 800 GeVc

CERN NA51 450 GeVc

safe region

JMM

s

M J 2

Usually taken as

Q2gt4 GeV2

Spin Workshop 05 Dubna M Contalbrigo - INFN Ferrara 12

s=45 GeV2 s=210 GeV2

s=45 GeV2s=210 GeV2

Cross-section

Asymmetry

Spin Workshop 05 Dubna M Contalbrigo - INFN Ferrara 13

Physics with polarized antiprotons at GSI-PAX

Transversity via Drell-Yan processes

TTA direct access to transversity

Transverse Single Spin Asymmetries

QCD ldquotheoremrdquo (Sivers)D-Y = ndash (Sivers)DISNA

Time-like elm form factors

llpp form factors

Elastic processes

SLSSLLNNN AAA AA spin mysteries like in pp

High Energy

Low Energy

Spin Workshop 05 Dubna M Contalbrigo - INFN Ferrara 14

Single Spin Asymmetries (and their partonic

origin)

pq

Pq

π

kCollins effect = fragmentation of polarized quark

depends on Pqmiddot (pq x k)

P

pk

Sivers effect = number of partons in polarized

proton depends on P middot (p x k)

q

pk

Boer-Mulders effect = polarization of partons in

unpolarized proton depends on Pq middot (p x k)

qPq

Collins chiral-odd

Sivers chiral-even

Boer-Mulders chiral-odd

These effects may generate SSA

d d

d dNA

Spin Workshop 05 Dubna M Contalbrigo - INFN Ferrara 15

BNL-AGS radics = 66 GeV 06 lt pT lt 12 puarrp

E704 radics = 20 GeV 07 lt pT lt 20 puarrp

STAR-RHIC radics = 200 GeV 11 lt pT lt 25 puarrp

E704 radics = 20 GeV 07 lt pT lt 20 puarrp

SSA pp rarr πX

Spin Workshop 05 Dubna M Contalbrigo - INFN Ferrara 16

SSA SIDIS

Collins Sivers HERMES

Spin Workshop 05 Dubna M Contalbrigo - INFN Ferrara 17

SSA SIDIS

COMPASS

Spin Workshop 05 Dubna M Contalbrigo - INFN Ferrara 18

Physics with polarized antiprotons at GSI-PAX

Transversity via Drell-Yan processes

TTA direct access to transversity

Transverse Single Spin Asymmetries

QCD ldquotheoremrdquo (Sivers)D-Y = ndash (Sivers)DISNA

Time-like elm form factors

llpp form factors

Elastic processes

SLSSLLNNN AAA AA spin mysteries like in pp

High Energy

Low Energy

Spin Workshop 05 Dubna M Contalbrigo - INFN Ferrara 19

pp Elastic Scattering from ZGSpp Elastic Scattering from ZGS

Spin-dependence at large-PSpin-dependence at large-P (90deg90degcmcm))

Hard scattering takes Hard scattering takes place only with spins place only with spins

DG Crabb et al PRL 41 1257 (1978)

T=1085 GeV

Similar studies in pp elastic scattering

Spin Workshop 05 Dubna M Contalbrigo - INFN Ferrara 20

Physics with polarized antiprotons at GSI-PAX

Transversity via Drell-Yan processes

TTA direct access to transversity

Transverse Single Spin Asymmetries

QCD ldquotheoremrdquo (Sivers)D-Y = ndash (Sivers)DISNA

Time-like elm form factors

llpp form factors

Elastic processes

SLSSLLNNN AAA AA spin mysteries like in pp

High Energy

Low Energy

Spin Workshop 05 Dubna M Contalbrigo - INFN Ferrara 21

(Phys RevC 68 (2003) 034325)

JLab PT data

SLAC RS data

TWO DIFFERENTS METHODS

TWO DIFFERENTS RESULTS

COMPARISON BETWEEN

ROSENBLUTH SEPARATION AND

POLARIZATION TRANSFER TECNIQUES

Proton Electromagnetic Proton Electromagnetic Formfactors Formfactors

Spin Workshop 05 Dubna M Contalbrigo - INFN Ferrara 22

Proton Electromagnetic Proton Electromagnetic Formfactors Formfactors

bull Single-spin asymmetry in pp rarr e+e-

ndash Measurement of relative phases of magnetic and electric FF in the time-like region

bull Double-spin asymmetry in pp rarr e+e-

ndash independent GE-Gm separation

ndash test of Rosenbluth separation in the time-like region

2

p2

2E

22M

2M

E

y

m4q

|G|)(sin|G|)(cos1

)GGIm()2sin(A

S Brodsky et al Phys Rev D69 (2004)

Spin Workshop 05 Dubna M Contalbrigo - INFN Ferrara 23

OutlineOutlinebull Introduction

ndash Physics Casendash The FAIR project

bull PAX Accelerator Setupndash Stagingndash Antiproton Polarizer Ringndash Asymmetric Antiproton-Proton Collider

bull Experimentndash Conceptual Detector Designndash Preliminary Results for Drell-Yan Studiesndash Rate estimates

Spin Workshop 05 Dubna M Contalbrigo - INFN Ferrara 24

Facilty for Antiproton and Ion Research (GSI Darmstadt Germany)

-Proton linac (injector)-2 synchrotons (30 GeV p)-A number of storage rings Parallel beams operation

Spin Workshop 05 Dubna M Contalbrigo - INFN Ferrara 25

HESR

Antiproton Production

Target

HESR (High Energy Storage Ring) p = 15 - 15 GeVc (22 GeVc) (Length 442 m Bρ = 50 Tm)

PANDA storage ring (N=5 x 1010

pbar)

High luminosity mode (Δpp ~ 10-4) Luminosity = 2 x 1032 cm-2s-1

High resolution mode (Δpp ~ 10-5 ) Luminosity = 1031 cm-2s-1

PAX synchroton (N=3 x 1011 pbar) Preserve polarization Luminosity = 2 x 1030 cm-2s-1

The Antiproton FacilityThe Antiproton Facility

bullAntiproton production similar to CERN

bullProduction rate 107sec at 30 GeV

SuperFRS

NESR

CR

Beam Cooling e- andor stochastic

SIS100300

Spin Workshop 05 Dubna M Contalbrigo - INFN Ferrara 26

OutlineOutlinebull Introduction

ndash Physics Casendash The FAIR project

bull PAX Accelerator Setupndash Stagingndash Antiproton Polarizer Ringndash Asymmetric Antiproton-Proton Collider

bull Experimentndash Conceptual Detector Designndash Preliminary Results for Drell-Yan Studiesndash Rate estimates

Spin Workshop 05 Dubna M Contalbrigo - INFN Ferrara 27

PAX Accelerator SetupPAX Accelerator Setup

In the following focus on two issuesbull Antiproton Polarizer Ring (APR)bull Asymmetric Antiproton-Proton Collider

Spin Workshop 05 Dubna M Contalbrigo - INFN Ferrara 28

Staging Staging Phase I (PAXCSR)Phase I (PAXCSR)

Physics EMFFpbar-p elastic

Experiment polunpol pbar on internal polarized target

Independent from HESR running

Spin Workshop 05 Dubna M Contalbrigo - INFN Ferrara 29

Staging Staging Phase II (PAXHESR)Phase II (PAXHESR)

EXPERIMENT1 Asymmetric collider polarized antiprotons in HESR (p=15 GeVc)

polarized protons in CSR (p=35 GeVc)2 Internal polarized target with 22 GeVc polarized antiproton

beam

Physics Transversity

Second IP with minor interference with PANDA

Spin Workshop 05 Dubna M Contalbrigo - INFN Ferrara 30

OutlineOutlinebull Introduction

ndash Physics Casendash The FAIR project

bull PAX Accelerator Setupndash Stagingndash Antiproton Polarizer Ringndash Asymmetric Antiproton-Proton Collider

bull Experimentndash Conceptual Detector Designndash Preliminary Results for Drell-Yan Studiesndash Rate estimates

Spin Workshop 05 Dubna M Contalbrigo - INFN Ferrara 31

Principle of spin filter methodPrinciple of spin filter method

P beam polarizationQ target polarizationk || beam direction

σtot = σ0 + σmiddotPmiddotQ + σ||middot(Pmiddotk)(Qmiddotk)

transverse case

Q0tot

longitudinal case

Q)( ||0tot

For initially equally populated spin states (m=+frac12) and (m=-frac12)

Unpolarized anti-p beam

Polarized H target

Spin Workshop 05 Dubna M Contalbrigo - INFN Ferrara 32

The HERMES targetThe HERMES target

Atomic Beam SourceNIM A 505 (2003) 633

Pz+ = |1gt + |4gt

Pz- = |2gt + |3gt

mmjj = = ++1212

mmjj = = --1212

mmii=-12=-12

mmii=-12=-12

mmii=+1=+122

mmii=+1=+122

1|1gt|2gt

|3gt|4gt

ee-

pp|1gt

Spin Workshop 05 Dubna M Contalbrigo - INFN Ferrara 33

Performance of Polarized Internal Performance of Polarized Internal TargetsTargets

PT = 0795 0033

HERMES

H Transverse Field (B=297 mT)

HERMES

Dz

Dzz

PT = 0845 plusmn 0028

Longitudinal Field (B=335 mT)

HERMES Stored Positrons PINTEX Stored Protons

H

Fast reorientation in a weak field (xyz)

Targets work very reliably (months of stable operation)

Spin Workshop 05 Dubna M Contalbrigo - INFN Ferrara 34

Exploitation of Spin TransferExploitation of Spin Transfer

PAX will employ spin-filter from internal polarized hydrogen

target to antiprotons

Hydrogen gas target in strong field (300 mT)

F Rathmann et al PRL 71 1379 (1993)

Low energy pp scattering 1lt0 tot+lttot-

Expectation

Target Beam

FILTEX ResultsFILTEX Results

Spin Workshop 05 Dubna M Contalbrigo - INFN Ferrara 35

Puzzle from FILTEX TestPuzzle from FILTEX TestObserved polarization build-up dPdt = plusmn (124 plusmn 006) x 10-2 h-1

Expected build-up P(t)=tanh(tτpol)

1τpol=σ1Qdtf=24x10-2 h-1

about factor 2 larger

σ1 = 122 mb (pp phase shifts)Q = 083 plusmn 003dt = (56 plusmn 03) x 1013cm-2

f = 1177 MHz

Three distinct effects (measured 1=69 mb)

1 Selective removal through scattering beyond Ψacc=44 mrad σR=83 mb

2 Small angle scattering of target protons into ring acceptance σS=52 mb

3 Spin transfer from polarized electrons of the target atoms to the stored protons

σEM=70 mb (-) Horowitz amp Meyer PRL 72 3981 (1994)

HO Meyer PRE 50 1485 (1994)

Spin Workshop 05 Dubna M Contalbrigo - INFN Ferrara 36

01

02

03

04

Beam

Pola

riza

tion

P(2

middotτbeam)

10 T (MeV)100

EM only

5

10

30

20

40

Ψacc=50 mrad

0

1

Filter Test T = 23 MeV Ψacc= 44 mrad

Beam PolarizationBeam Polarization (Electromagnetic Interaction)(Electromagnetic Interaction)

Spin Workshop 05 Dubna M Contalbrigo - INFN Ferrara 37

Beam Polarization Beam Polarization (Hadronic Interaction Longitudinal Case)(Hadronic Interaction Longitudinal Case)

Experimental Tests requiredbullEM effect needs protons only (COSY)bullFinal Design of APR Filter test with p at AD (CERN)

Model D V Mull K Holinde Phys Rev C 51 2360 (1995)

Model A T Hippchen et al Phys Rev C 44 1323 (1991)

50 100 150 200 250 T (MeV) 50 100 150 200 T (MeV)

005

010

015

020

P

005

010

015

020

P

2 beam lifetimesΨacc=10-50 mrad

3 beam lifetimesΨacc=20 mrad

Spin Workshop 05 Dubna M Contalbrigo - INFN Ferrara 38

SMILESMILE SSpin pin MMeasurements easurements

in in IInteractions at nteractions at LLow ow EEnergy nergy

bull Study of spin-filtering process

bull Electromagnetic interaction unpolarized protons on polarized internal target at COSY

bull Hadronic interaction unpolarized antiprotons on polarized internal target at AD (CERN)

From COSY to FAIRhellipFrom COSY to FAIRhellip

Spin Workshop 05 Dubna M Contalbrigo - INFN Ferrara 39

OutlineOutlinebull Introduction

ndash Physics Casendash The FAIR project

bull PAX Accelerator Setupndash Stagingndash Antiproton Polarizer Ringndash Asymmetric Antiproton-Proton Collider

bull Experimentndash Conceptual Detector Designndash Preliminary Results for Drell-Yan Studiesndash Rate estimates

Spin Workshop 05 Dubna M Contalbrigo - INFN Ferrara 40

RINGS SETUP RINGS SETUP

asymmetric collider L = 2∙1030 cm-2s-1

Spin Workshop 05 Dubna M Contalbrigo - INFN Ferrara 41

OutlineOutlinebull Introduction

ndash Physics Casendash The FAIR project

bull PAX Accelerator Setupndash Stagingndash Antiproton Polarizer Ringndash Asymmetric Antiproton-Proton Collider

bull Experimentndash Conceptual Detector Designndash Preliminary Results for Drell-Yan Studiesndash Rate estimates

Spin Workshop 05 Dubna M Contalbrigo - INFN Ferrara 42

PAX Detector Concept PAX Detector Concept

Physics h1 distribution sin2 EMFF sin2

pbar-p elastic high |t|

Magnet Keeps beam polarization vertical Compatible with Cerenkov Compatible with polarized target

Detector Extremely rare DY signal (10-7 p-pbar) Maximum Bjorken-x coverage (M interval) Excellent PID (hadrone rejection ~ 104) High mass resolution (le2 )

Moderate lepton energies (05-5 GeV)

Azimuthally SymmetricBARREL GEOMETRY

LARGE ANGLES

Experiment Flexible Facility

TOROIDNO FRINGE FIELD

e+e-

Spin Workshop 05 Dubna M Contalbrigo - INFN Ferrara 43

PAX Detector Concept PAX Detector Concept

Designed for Collider but compatible with fixed target

Cerenkov(200 m)

(20 m)

GEANT simulation

Spin Workshop 05 Dubna M Contalbrigo - INFN Ferrara 44

OutlineOutlinebull Introduction

ndash Physics Casendash The FAIR project

bull PAX Accelerator Setupndash Stagingndash Antiproton Polarizer Ringndash Asymmetric Antiproton-Proton Collider

bull Experimentndash Conceptual Detector Designndash Preliminary Results for Drell-Yan Studiesndash Rate estimates

Spin Workshop 05 Dubna M Contalbrigo - INFN Ferrara 45

-p Phase Space-p Phase Space

Background peaks at low energy forward direction

acceptance

Spin Workshop 05 Dubna M Contalbrigo - INFN Ferrara 46

Background to Drell-Yan eBackground to Drell-Yan e++ee--

frac12 hour experiment 2∙108 p-pbar interactions several DY events

combinatorial+charm bckg

Background 11 to signal after PID Egt300 MeV conversion veto mass cut the combinatorial component can be subtracted (wrong-sign control sample) the charm can be reduced (vertex decay)

+-++ amp --

Spin Workshop 05 Dubna M Contalbrigo - INFN Ferrara 47

-p Phase Space-p Phase Space

Vertex resolution high enoughto study charm background

Better than 2 mass resol x dependence of h1

resonance vs continuum

Mandatory to study M below Jψ mass

Spin Workshop 05 Dubna M Contalbrigo - INFN Ferrara 48

OutlineOutlinebull Introduction

ndash Physics Casendash The FAIR project

bull PAX Accelerator Setupndash Stagingndash Antiproton Polarizer Ringndash Asymmetric Antiproton-Proton Collider

bull Experimentndash Conceptual Detector Designndash Preliminary Results for Drell-Yan Studiesndash Rate estimates

Spin Workshop 05 Dubna M Contalbrigo - INFN Ferrara 49

10 precision on the h1u (x) in the valence region

1 year of data taking at 15+35 GeV collider L = 2∙1030 cm-2s-1

Precision in hPrecision in h11 measurement measurement

Spin Workshop 05 Dubna M Contalbrigo - INFN Ferrara 50

Summary

bull PAX project has an innovative spin physics program transversity SSA EMFF hard p-pbar scatterings

bull A method to obtain an antiproton beam with high degree of polarization has to be optimized (APR)

bull PAX viable accelerator setup provides fexible 2nd IP really matched to the physics items lots of interesting QCD physics in PAX Phase-I asymmetric collider ideal to map transversity (Phase-II)

Spin Workshop 05 Dubna M Contalbrigo - INFN Ferrara 51

Background to Drell-Yan eBackground to Drell-Yan e++ee--

frac12 hour experiment 2∙108 p-pbar interactions several DY events

combinatorial+charm bckg

Background 11 to signal after PID Egt300 MeV conversion veto mass cut the combinatorial component can be subtracted (wrong-sign control sample) the charm can be reduced (vertex decay)

+-++ amp --

Spin Workshop 05 Dubna M Contalbrigo - INFN Ferrara 52

PAX Integrated Luminosities for Physics PAX Integrated Luminosities for Physics CasesCases

pb-1

fb-1

Inte

gra

ted

Lu

min

osi

ty

EMFF DSA s=376 GeV2

ppbar elastic DSA t=4 GeV2

Phase-I L=151031 cm-2s-1

Antiproton Beam Polarization Ppbar=03 Proton Polarization Pp=08

Phase-II L=21030 cm-2s-1

EMFF DSA s=9 GeV2

Absolute Error ΔDSA=005

h1 DSA Mgt2 GeV Δ=10

h1 DSA Mgt4 GeV Δ=20

(1 y)

(4 y)(1 y)

Spin Workshop 05 Dubna M Contalbrigo - INFN Ferrara 53

q q

q qqqqq

TTTT xqxqxqxqe

xhxhxhxheaA

)()()()(

)()()()(ˆ

dd

dd

21212

211121112

Barone Calarco Drago

Martin Schaumlfer Stratmann Vogelsang

h1 from p-p Drell-Yan at RICHU70

h1q (x Q2) small and with much slower evolution than

Δq(x Q2) and q(x Q2) at small x

h1q (x Q2)- h1q (x Q2)ne

RHIC τ=x1x2~10-3 rarr sea quarks (ATT very small ~ 001 )

3102 RICH energies 22 GeV 100 GeV 200 Ms

  • PAX Polarized Antiproton eXperiments
  • PAX Collaboration
  • Slide 3
  • Outline
  • Slide 5
  • Slide 6
  • Slide 7
  • Slide 8
  • Slide 9
  • Slide 10
  • Slide 11
  • Slide 12
  • Slide 13
  • Slide 14
  • Slide 15
  • Slide 16
  • Slide 17
  • Slide 18
  • pp Elastic Scattering from ZGS
  • Slide 20
  • Proton Electromagnetic Formfactors
  • Slide 22
  • Slide 23
  • Slide 24
  • Slide 25
  • Slide 26
  • PAX Accelerator Setup
  • Slide 28
  • Slide 29
  • Slide 30
  • Slide 31
  • Slide 32
  • Slide 33
  • Slide 34
  • Slide 35
  • Slide 36
  • Slide 37
  • SMILE Spin Measurements in Interactions at Low Energy
  • Slide 39
  • Slide 40
  • Slide 41
  • Slide 42
  • Slide 43
  • Slide 44
  • Slide 45
  • Slide 46
  • Slide 47
  • Slide 48
  • Slide 49
  • Summary
  • Slide 51
  • PAX Integrated Luminosities for Physics Cases
  • Slide 53
Page 5: PAX Polarized Antiproton eXperiments

Spin Workshop 05 Dubna M Contalbrigo - INFN Ferrara 5

Physics with polarized antiprotons at GSI-PAX

Transversity via Drell-Yan processes

TTA direct access to transversity

Transverse Single Spin Asymmetries

QCD ldquotheoremrdquo (Sivers)D-Y = ndash (Sivers)DISNA

Time-like elm form factors

llpp form factors

Elastic processes

SLSSLLNNN AAA AA spin mysteries like in pp

High Energy

Low Energy

Spin Workshop 05 Dubna M Contalbrigo - INFN Ferrara 6

Leading Twist Distribution Functions

12 12

L L

+f1(x)

h1(x)

proton

protonrsquo

quark

quarkrsquo

u = 12(uR + uL)u = 12(uR - uL)

No probabilistic interpretation in the helicity base (off diagonal)

Probabilistic interpretation in helicity base

q(x) spin averaged

(well known)

q(x) helicity diff(known)

q(x) helicity flip(unknown)

12 12

R R

12 12

L L

-12 12

R R

g1(x)

Transversitybase

12 -12

R L

-

Spin Workshop 05 Dubna M Contalbrigo - INFN Ferrara 7

- Probes relativistic nature of quarks- No gluon analog for spin-12 nucleon- Different Q2 evolution than q - Sensitive to valence quark polarization

TransversityTransversity

Chiral-odd requires another chiral-odd partnerChiral-odd requires another chiral-odd partner

PropertiesProperties

Impossible in DIS Direct Measurement

ppe+e-X epersquohX

Indirect MeasurementConvolution of with

unknown fragment fct

h1 x h1 h1 x Collins function

h1 must couple to another chiral-odd function

Spin Workshop 05 Dubna M Contalbrigo - INFN Ferrara 8

Elementary LO interaction

)( )()( )(1

9

42121

2

212

2

2

2

xqxqxqxqexxsMdxdM

d

qq

F

2 22121 sQxsMxxxxx LFF

llqq

Drell-Yan processDrell-Yan process

dduuq

M invariant Massof lepton pair

sM 2

Spin Workshop 05 Dubna M Contalbrigo - INFN Ferrara 9

q q

q qqqqq

TTTT xqxqxqxqe

xhxhxhxheaA

)()()()(

)()()()(ˆ

dd

dd

21212

211121112

Barone Calarco Drago

Martin Schaumlfer Stratmann Vogelsang

h1 from p-p Drell-Yan at RICHU70

h1q (x Q2) small and with much slower evolution than

Δq(x Q2) and q(x Q2) at small x

h1q (x Q2)- h1q (x Q2)ne

RHIC τ=x1x2~10-3 rarr sea quarks (ATT very small ~ 001 )

Spin Workshop 05 Dubna M Contalbrigo - INFN Ferrara 10

h1 from pbar-p Drell-Yan at GSI

Similar predictions by Efremov et al

Eur Phys J C35 207 (2004)

PAX s=x1x2~01-03 rarr valence quarks (ATT large ~ 02-04 )

)()(

)()(ˆ

)()()()(

)()()()(ˆ

21

2111

21212

211121112

xuxu

xhxha

xqxqxqxqe

xhxhxhxheaA uu

TT

q q

q qqqqq

TTTT

Anselmino et al PLB 59497

(2004)

Spin Workshop 05 Dubna M Contalbrigo - INFN Ferrara 11

Kinematics for Drell-Yan processes

QCD corrections might be very large at smaller values of M for cross-sections not for ATT K-factor almost

spin-independent H Shimizu G Sterman W Vogelsang and H Yokoya hep-ph0503270

V Barone et al in preparation

Fermilab E866 800 GeVc

CERN NA51 450 GeVc

safe region

JMM

s

M J 2

Usually taken as

Q2gt4 GeV2

Spin Workshop 05 Dubna M Contalbrigo - INFN Ferrara 12

s=45 GeV2 s=210 GeV2

s=45 GeV2s=210 GeV2

Cross-section

Asymmetry

Spin Workshop 05 Dubna M Contalbrigo - INFN Ferrara 13

Physics with polarized antiprotons at GSI-PAX

Transversity via Drell-Yan processes

TTA direct access to transversity

Transverse Single Spin Asymmetries

QCD ldquotheoremrdquo (Sivers)D-Y = ndash (Sivers)DISNA

Time-like elm form factors

llpp form factors

Elastic processes

SLSSLLNNN AAA AA spin mysteries like in pp

High Energy

Low Energy

Spin Workshop 05 Dubna M Contalbrigo - INFN Ferrara 14

Single Spin Asymmetries (and their partonic

origin)

pq

Pq

π

kCollins effect = fragmentation of polarized quark

depends on Pqmiddot (pq x k)

P

pk

Sivers effect = number of partons in polarized

proton depends on P middot (p x k)

q

pk

Boer-Mulders effect = polarization of partons in

unpolarized proton depends on Pq middot (p x k)

qPq

Collins chiral-odd

Sivers chiral-even

Boer-Mulders chiral-odd

These effects may generate SSA

d d

d dNA

Spin Workshop 05 Dubna M Contalbrigo - INFN Ferrara 15

BNL-AGS radics = 66 GeV 06 lt pT lt 12 puarrp

E704 radics = 20 GeV 07 lt pT lt 20 puarrp

STAR-RHIC radics = 200 GeV 11 lt pT lt 25 puarrp

E704 radics = 20 GeV 07 lt pT lt 20 puarrp

SSA pp rarr πX

Spin Workshop 05 Dubna M Contalbrigo - INFN Ferrara 16

SSA SIDIS

Collins Sivers HERMES

Spin Workshop 05 Dubna M Contalbrigo - INFN Ferrara 17

SSA SIDIS

COMPASS

Spin Workshop 05 Dubna M Contalbrigo - INFN Ferrara 18

Physics with polarized antiprotons at GSI-PAX

Transversity via Drell-Yan processes

TTA direct access to transversity

Transverse Single Spin Asymmetries

QCD ldquotheoremrdquo (Sivers)D-Y = ndash (Sivers)DISNA

Time-like elm form factors

llpp form factors

Elastic processes

SLSSLLNNN AAA AA spin mysteries like in pp

High Energy

Low Energy

Spin Workshop 05 Dubna M Contalbrigo - INFN Ferrara 19

pp Elastic Scattering from ZGSpp Elastic Scattering from ZGS

Spin-dependence at large-PSpin-dependence at large-P (90deg90degcmcm))

Hard scattering takes Hard scattering takes place only with spins place only with spins

DG Crabb et al PRL 41 1257 (1978)

T=1085 GeV

Similar studies in pp elastic scattering

Spin Workshop 05 Dubna M Contalbrigo - INFN Ferrara 20

Physics with polarized antiprotons at GSI-PAX

Transversity via Drell-Yan processes

TTA direct access to transversity

Transverse Single Spin Asymmetries

QCD ldquotheoremrdquo (Sivers)D-Y = ndash (Sivers)DISNA

Time-like elm form factors

llpp form factors

Elastic processes

SLSSLLNNN AAA AA spin mysteries like in pp

High Energy

Low Energy

Spin Workshop 05 Dubna M Contalbrigo - INFN Ferrara 21

(Phys RevC 68 (2003) 034325)

JLab PT data

SLAC RS data

TWO DIFFERENTS METHODS

TWO DIFFERENTS RESULTS

COMPARISON BETWEEN

ROSENBLUTH SEPARATION AND

POLARIZATION TRANSFER TECNIQUES

Proton Electromagnetic Proton Electromagnetic Formfactors Formfactors

Spin Workshop 05 Dubna M Contalbrigo - INFN Ferrara 22

Proton Electromagnetic Proton Electromagnetic Formfactors Formfactors

bull Single-spin asymmetry in pp rarr e+e-

ndash Measurement of relative phases of magnetic and electric FF in the time-like region

bull Double-spin asymmetry in pp rarr e+e-

ndash independent GE-Gm separation

ndash test of Rosenbluth separation in the time-like region

2

p2

2E

22M

2M

E

y

m4q

|G|)(sin|G|)(cos1

)GGIm()2sin(A

S Brodsky et al Phys Rev D69 (2004)

Spin Workshop 05 Dubna M Contalbrigo - INFN Ferrara 23

OutlineOutlinebull Introduction

ndash Physics Casendash The FAIR project

bull PAX Accelerator Setupndash Stagingndash Antiproton Polarizer Ringndash Asymmetric Antiproton-Proton Collider

bull Experimentndash Conceptual Detector Designndash Preliminary Results for Drell-Yan Studiesndash Rate estimates

Spin Workshop 05 Dubna M Contalbrigo - INFN Ferrara 24

Facilty for Antiproton and Ion Research (GSI Darmstadt Germany)

-Proton linac (injector)-2 synchrotons (30 GeV p)-A number of storage rings Parallel beams operation

Spin Workshop 05 Dubna M Contalbrigo - INFN Ferrara 25

HESR

Antiproton Production

Target

HESR (High Energy Storage Ring) p = 15 - 15 GeVc (22 GeVc) (Length 442 m Bρ = 50 Tm)

PANDA storage ring (N=5 x 1010

pbar)

High luminosity mode (Δpp ~ 10-4) Luminosity = 2 x 1032 cm-2s-1

High resolution mode (Δpp ~ 10-5 ) Luminosity = 1031 cm-2s-1

PAX synchroton (N=3 x 1011 pbar) Preserve polarization Luminosity = 2 x 1030 cm-2s-1

The Antiproton FacilityThe Antiproton Facility

bullAntiproton production similar to CERN

bullProduction rate 107sec at 30 GeV

SuperFRS

NESR

CR

Beam Cooling e- andor stochastic

SIS100300

Spin Workshop 05 Dubna M Contalbrigo - INFN Ferrara 26

OutlineOutlinebull Introduction

ndash Physics Casendash The FAIR project

bull PAX Accelerator Setupndash Stagingndash Antiproton Polarizer Ringndash Asymmetric Antiproton-Proton Collider

bull Experimentndash Conceptual Detector Designndash Preliminary Results for Drell-Yan Studiesndash Rate estimates

Spin Workshop 05 Dubna M Contalbrigo - INFN Ferrara 27

PAX Accelerator SetupPAX Accelerator Setup

In the following focus on two issuesbull Antiproton Polarizer Ring (APR)bull Asymmetric Antiproton-Proton Collider

Spin Workshop 05 Dubna M Contalbrigo - INFN Ferrara 28

Staging Staging Phase I (PAXCSR)Phase I (PAXCSR)

Physics EMFFpbar-p elastic

Experiment polunpol pbar on internal polarized target

Independent from HESR running

Spin Workshop 05 Dubna M Contalbrigo - INFN Ferrara 29

Staging Staging Phase II (PAXHESR)Phase II (PAXHESR)

EXPERIMENT1 Asymmetric collider polarized antiprotons in HESR (p=15 GeVc)

polarized protons in CSR (p=35 GeVc)2 Internal polarized target with 22 GeVc polarized antiproton

beam

Physics Transversity

Second IP with minor interference with PANDA

Spin Workshop 05 Dubna M Contalbrigo - INFN Ferrara 30

OutlineOutlinebull Introduction

ndash Physics Casendash The FAIR project

bull PAX Accelerator Setupndash Stagingndash Antiproton Polarizer Ringndash Asymmetric Antiproton-Proton Collider

bull Experimentndash Conceptual Detector Designndash Preliminary Results for Drell-Yan Studiesndash Rate estimates

Spin Workshop 05 Dubna M Contalbrigo - INFN Ferrara 31

Principle of spin filter methodPrinciple of spin filter method

P beam polarizationQ target polarizationk || beam direction

σtot = σ0 + σmiddotPmiddotQ + σ||middot(Pmiddotk)(Qmiddotk)

transverse case

Q0tot

longitudinal case

Q)( ||0tot

For initially equally populated spin states (m=+frac12) and (m=-frac12)

Unpolarized anti-p beam

Polarized H target

Spin Workshop 05 Dubna M Contalbrigo - INFN Ferrara 32

The HERMES targetThe HERMES target

Atomic Beam SourceNIM A 505 (2003) 633

Pz+ = |1gt + |4gt

Pz- = |2gt + |3gt

mmjj = = ++1212

mmjj = = --1212

mmii=-12=-12

mmii=-12=-12

mmii=+1=+122

mmii=+1=+122

1|1gt|2gt

|3gt|4gt

ee-

pp|1gt

Spin Workshop 05 Dubna M Contalbrigo - INFN Ferrara 33

Performance of Polarized Internal Performance of Polarized Internal TargetsTargets

PT = 0795 0033

HERMES

H Transverse Field (B=297 mT)

HERMES

Dz

Dzz

PT = 0845 plusmn 0028

Longitudinal Field (B=335 mT)

HERMES Stored Positrons PINTEX Stored Protons

H

Fast reorientation in a weak field (xyz)

Targets work very reliably (months of stable operation)

Spin Workshop 05 Dubna M Contalbrigo - INFN Ferrara 34

Exploitation of Spin TransferExploitation of Spin Transfer

PAX will employ spin-filter from internal polarized hydrogen

target to antiprotons

Hydrogen gas target in strong field (300 mT)

F Rathmann et al PRL 71 1379 (1993)

Low energy pp scattering 1lt0 tot+lttot-

Expectation

Target Beam

FILTEX ResultsFILTEX Results

Spin Workshop 05 Dubna M Contalbrigo - INFN Ferrara 35

Puzzle from FILTEX TestPuzzle from FILTEX TestObserved polarization build-up dPdt = plusmn (124 plusmn 006) x 10-2 h-1

Expected build-up P(t)=tanh(tτpol)

1τpol=σ1Qdtf=24x10-2 h-1

about factor 2 larger

σ1 = 122 mb (pp phase shifts)Q = 083 plusmn 003dt = (56 plusmn 03) x 1013cm-2

f = 1177 MHz

Three distinct effects (measured 1=69 mb)

1 Selective removal through scattering beyond Ψacc=44 mrad σR=83 mb

2 Small angle scattering of target protons into ring acceptance σS=52 mb

3 Spin transfer from polarized electrons of the target atoms to the stored protons

σEM=70 mb (-) Horowitz amp Meyer PRL 72 3981 (1994)

HO Meyer PRE 50 1485 (1994)

Spin Workshop 05 Dubna M Contalbrigo - INFN Ferrara 36

01

02

03

04

Beam

Pola

riza

tion

P(2

middotτbeam)

10 T (MeV)100

EM only

5

10

30

20

40

Ψacc=50 mrad

0

1

Filter Test T = 23 MeV Ψacc= 44 mrad

Beam PolarizationBeam Polarization (Electromagnetic Interaction)(Electromagnetic Interaction)

Spin Workshop 05 Dubna M Contalbrigo - INFN Ferrara 37

Beam Polarization Beam Polarization (Hadronic Interaction Longitudinal Case)(Hadronic Interaction Longitudinal Case)

Experimental Tests requiredbullEM effect needs protons only (COSY)bullFinal Design of APR Filter test with p at AD (CERN)

Model D V Mull K Holinde Phys Rev C 51 2360 (1995)

Model A T Hippchen et al Phys Rev C 44 1323 (1991)

50 100 150 200 250 T (MeV) 50 100 150 200 T (MeV)

005

010

015

020

P

005

010

015

020

P

2 beam lifetimesΨacc=10-50 mrad

3 beam lifetimesΨacc=20 mrad

Spin Workshop 05 Dubna M Contalbrigo - INFN Ferrara 38

SMILESMILE SSpin pin MMeasurements easurements

in in IInteractions at nteractions at LLow ow EEnergy nergy

bull Study of spin-filtering process

bull Electromagnetic interaction unpolarized protons on polarized internal target at COSY

bull Hadronic interaction unpolarized antiprotons on polarized internal target at AD (CERN)

From COSY to FAIRhellipFrom COSY to FAIRhellip

Spin Workshop 05 Dubna M Contalbrigo - INFN Ferrara 39

OutlineOutlinebull Introduction

ndash Physics Casendash The FAIR project

bull PAX Accelerator Setupndash Stagingndash Antiproton Polarizer Ringndash Asymmetric Antiproton-Proton Collider

bull Experimentndash Conceptual Detector Designndash Preliminary Results for Drell-Yan Studiesndash Rate estimates

Spin Workshop 05 Dubna M Contalbrigo - INFN Ferrara 40

RINGS SETUP RINGS SETUP

asymmetric collider L = 2∙1030 cm-2s-1

Spin Workshop 05 Dubna M Contalbrigo - INFN Ferrara 41

OutlineOutlinebull Introduction

ndash Physics Casendash The FAIR project

bull PAX Accelerator Setupndash Stagingndash Antiproton Polarizer Ringndash Asymmetric Antiproton-Proton Collider

bull Experimentndash Conceptual Detector Designndash Preliminary Results for Drell-Yan Studiesndash Rate estimates

Spin Workshop 05 Dubna M Contalbrigo - INFN Ferrara 42

PAX Detector Concept PAX Detector Concept

Physics h1 distribution sin2 EMFF sin2

pbar-p elastic high |t|

Magnet Keeps beam polarization vertical Compatible with Cerenkov Compatible with polarized target

Detector Extremely rare DY signal (10-7 p-pbar) Maximum Bjorken-x coverage (M interval) Excellent PID (hadrone rejection ~ 104) High mass resolution (le2 )

Moderate lepton energies (05-5 GeV)

Azimuthally SymmetricBARREL GEOMETRY

LARGE ANGLES

Experiment Flexible Facility

TOROIDNO FRINGE FIELD

e+e-

Spin Workshop 05 Dubna M Contalbrigo - INFN Ferrara 43

PAX Detector Concept PAX Detector Concept

Designed for Collider but compatible with fixed target

Cerenkov(200 m)

(20 m)

GEANT simulation

Spin Workshop 05 Dubna M Contalbrigo - INFN Ferrara 44

OutlineOutlinebull Introduction

ndash Physics Casendash The FAIR project

bull PAX Accelerator Setupndash Stagingndash Antiproton Polarizer Ringndash Asymmetric Antiproton-Proton Collider

bull Experimentndash Conceptual Detector Designndash Preliminary Results for Drell-Yan Studiesndash Rate estimates

Spin Workshop 05 Dubna M Contalbrigo - INFN Ferrara 45

-p Phase Space-p Phase Space

Background peaks at low energy forward direction

acceptance

Spin Workshop 05 Dubna M Contalbrigo - INFN Ferrara 46

Background to Drell-Yan eBackground to Drell-Yan e++ee--

frac12 hour experiment 2∙108 p-pbar interactions several DY events

combinatorial+charm bckg

Background 11 to signal after PID Egt300 MeV conversion veto mass cut the combinatorial component can be subtracted (wrong-sign control sample) the charm can be reduced (vertex decay)

+-++ amp --

Spin Workshop 05 Dubna M Contalbrigo - INFN Ferrara 47

-p Phase Space-p Phase Space

Vertex resolution high enoughto study charm background

Better than 2 mass resol x dependence of h1

resonance vs continuum

Mandatory to study M below Jψ mass

Spin Workshop 05 Dubna M Contalbrigo - INFN Ferrara 48

OutlineOutlinebull Introduction

ndash Physics Casendash The FAIR project

bull PAX Accelerator Setupndash Stagingndash Antiproton Polarizer Ringndash Asymmetric Antiproton-Proton Collider

bull Experimentndash Conceptual Detector Designndash Preliminary Results for Drell-Yan Studiesndash Rate estimates

Spin Workshop 05 Dubna M Contalbrigo - INFN Ferrara 49

10 precision on the h1u (x) in the valence region

1 year of data taking at 15+35 GeV collider L = 2∙1030 cm-2s-1

Precision in hPrecision in h11 measurement measurement

Spin Workshop 05 Dubna M Contalbrigo - INFN Ferrara 50

Summary

bull PAX project has an innovative spin physics program transversity SSA EMFF hard p-pbar scatterings

bull A method to obtain an antiproton beam with high degree of polarization has to be optimized (APR)

bull PAX viable accelerator setup provides fexible 2nd IP really matched to the physics items lots of interesting QCD physics in PAX Phase-I asymmetric collider ideal to map transversity (Phase-II)

Spin Workshop 05 Dubna M Contalbrigo - INFN Ferrara 51

Background to Drell-Yan eBackground to Drell-Yan e++ee--

frac12 hour experiment 2∙108 p-pbar interactions several DY events

combinatorial+charm bckg

Background 11 to signal after PID Egt300 MeV conversion veto mass cut the combinatorial component can be subtracted (wrong-sign control sample) the charm can be reduced (vertex decay)

+-++ amp --

Spin Workshop 05 Dubna M Contalbrigo - INFN Ferrara 52

PAX Integrated Luminosities for Physics PAX Integrated Luminosities for Physics CasesCases

pb-1

fb-1

Inte

gra

ted

Lu

min

osi

ty

EMFF DSA s=376 GeV2

ppbar elastic DSA t=4 GeV2

Phase-I L=151031 cm-2s-1

Antiproton Beam Polarization Ppbar=03 Proton Polarization Pp=08

Phase-II L=21030 cm-2s-1

EMFF DSA s=9 GeV2

Absolute Error ΔDSA=005

h1 DSA Mgt2 GeV Δ=10

h1 DSA Mgt4 GeV Δ=20

(1 y)

(4 y)(1 y)

Spin Workshop 05 Dubna M Contalbrigo - INFN Ferrara 53

q q

q qqqqq

TTTT xqxqxqxqe

xhxhxhxheaA

)()()()(

)()()()(ˆ

dd

dd

21212

211121112

Barone Calarco Drago

Martin Schaumlfer Stratmann Vogelsang

h1 from p-p Drell-Yan at RICHU70

h1q (x Q2) small and with much slower evolution than

Δq(x Q2) and q(x Q2) at small x

h1q (x Q2)- h1q (x Q2)ne

RHIC τ=x1x2~10-3 rarr sea quarks (ATT very small ~ 001 )

3102 RICH energies 22 GeV 100 GeV 200 Ms

  • PAX Polarized Antiproton eXperiments
  • PAX Collaboration
  • Slide 3
  • Outline
  • Slide 5
  • Slide 6
  • Slide 7
  • Slide 8
  • Slide 9
  • Slide 10
  • Slide 11
  • Slide 12
  • Slide 13
  • Slide 14
  • Slide 15
  • Slide 16
  • Slide 17
  • Slide 18
  • pp Elastic Scattering from ZGS
  • Slide 20
  • Proton Electromagnetic Formfactors
  • Slide 22
  • Slide 23
  • Slide 24
  • Slide 25
  • Slide 26
  • PAX Accelerator Setup
  • Slide 28
  • Slide 29
  • Slide 30
  • Slide 31
  • Slide 32
  • Slide 33
  • Slide 34
  • Slide 35
  • Slide 36
  • Slide 37
  • SMILE Spin Measurements in Interactions at Low Energy
  • Slide 39
  • Slide 40
  • Slide 41
  • Slide 42
  • Slide 43
  • Slide 44
  • Slide 45
  • Slide 46
  • Slide 47
  • Slide 48
  • Slide 49
  • Summary
  • Slide 51
  • PAX Integrated Luminosities for Physics Cases
  • Slide 53
Page 6: PAX Polarized Antiproton eXperiments

Spin Workshop 05 Dubna M Contalbrigo - INFN Ferrara 6

Leading Twist Distribution Functions

12 12

L L

+f1(x)

h1(x)

proton

protonrsquo

quark

quarkrsquo

u = 12(uR + uL)u = 12(uR - uL)

No probabilistic interpretation in the helicity base (off diagonal)

Probabilistic interpretation in helicity base

q(x) spin averaged

(well known)

q(x) helicity diff(known)

q(x) helicity flip(unknown)

12 12

R R

12 12

L L

-12 12

R R

g1(x)

Transversitybase

12 -12

R L

-

Spin Workshop 05 Dubna M Contalbrigo - INFN Ferrara 7

- Probes relativistic nature of quarks- No gluon analog for spin-12 nucleon- Different Q2 evolution than q - Sensitive to valence quark polarization

TransversityTransversity

Chiral-odd requires another chiral-odd partnerChiral-odd requires another chiral-odd partner

PropertiesProperties

Impossible in DIS Direct Measurement

ppe+e-X epersquohX

Indirect MeasurementConvolution of with

unknown fragment fct

h1 x h1 h1 x Collins function

h1 must couple to another chiral-odd function

Spin Workshop 05 Dubna M Contalbrigo - INFN Ferrara 8

Elementary LO interaction

)( )()( )(1

9

42121

2

212

2

2

2

xqxqxqxqexxsMdxdM

d

qq

F

2 22121 sQxsMxxxxx LFF

llqq

Drell-Yan processDrell-Yan process

dduuq

M invariant Massof lepton pair

sM 2

Spin Workshop 05 Dubna M Contalbrigo - INFN Ferrara 9

q q

q qqqqq

TTTT xqxqxqxqe

xhxhxhxheaA

)()()()(

)()()()(ˆ

dd

dd

21212

211121112

Barone Calarco Drago

Martin Schaumlfer Stratmann Vogelsang

h1 from p-p Drell-Yan at RICHU70

h1q (x Q2) small and with much slower evolution than

Δq(x Q2) and q(x Q2) at small x

h1q (x Q2)- h1q (x Q2)ne

RHIC τ=x1x2~10-3 rarr sea quarks (ATT very small ~ 001 )

Spin Workshop 05 Dubna M Contalbrigo - INFN Ferrara 10

h1 from pbar-p Drell-Yan at GSI

Similar predictions by Efremov et al

Eur Phys J C35 207 (2004)

PAX s=x1x2~01-03 rarr valence quarks (ATT large ~ 02-04 )

)()(

)()(ˆ

)()()()(

)()()()(ˆ

21

2111

21212

211121112

xuxu

xhxha

xqxqxqxqe

xhxhxhxheaA uu

TT

q q

q qqqqq

TTTT

Anselmino et al PLB 59497

(2004)

Spin Workshop 05 Dubna M Contalbrigo - INFN Ferrara 11

Kinematics for Drell-Yan processes

QCD corrections might be very large at smaller values of M for cross-sections not for ATT K-factor almost

spin-independent H Shimizu G Sterman W Vogelsang and H Yokoya hep-ph0503270

V Barone et al in preparation

Fermilab E866 800 GeVc

CERN NA51 450 GeVc

safe region

JMM

s

M J 2

Usually taken as

Q2gt4 GeV2

Spin Workshop 05 Dubna M Contalbrigo - INFN Ferrara 12

s=45 GeV2 s=210 GeV2

s=45 GeV2s=210 GeV2

Cross-section

Asymmetry

Spin Workshop 05 Dubna M Contalbrigo - INFN Ferrara 13

Physics with polarized antiprotons at GSI-PAX

Transversity via Drell-Yan processes

TTA direct access to transversity

Transverse Single Spin Asymmetries

QCD ldquotheoremrdquo (Sivers)D-Y = ndash (Sivers)DISNA

Time-like elm form factors

llpp form factors

Elastic processes

SLSSLLNNN AAA AA spin mysteries like in pp

High Energy

Low Energy

Spin Workshop 05 Dubna M Contalbrigo - INFN Ferrara 14

Single Spin Asymmetries (and their partonic

origin)

pq

Pq

π

kCollins effect = fragmentation of polarized quark

depends on Pqmiddot (pq x k)

P

pk

Sivers effect = number of partons in polarized

proton depends on P middot (p x k)

q

pk

Boer-Mulders effect = polarization of partons in

unpolarized proton depends on Pq middot (p x k)

qPq

Collins chiral-odd

Sivers chiral-even

Boer-Mulders chiral-odd

These effects may generate SSA

d d

d dNA

Spin Workshop 05 Dubna M Contalbrigo - INFN Ferrara 15

BNL-AGS radics = 66 GeV 06 lt pT lt 12 puarrp

E704 radics = 20 GeV 07 lt pT lt 20 puarrp

STAR-RHIC radics = 200 GeV 11 lt pT lt 25 puarrp

E704 radics = 20 GeV 07 lt pT lt 20 puarrp

SSA pp rarr πX

Spin Workshop 05 Dubna M Contalbrigo - INFN Ferrara 16

SSA SIDIS

Collins Sivers HERMES

Spin Workshop 05 Dubna M Contalbrigo - INFN Ferrara 17

SSA SIDIS

COMPASS

Spin Workshop 05 Dubna M Contalbrigo - INFN Ferrara 18

Physics with polarized antiprotons at GSI-PAX

Transversity via Drell-Yan processes

TTA direct access to transversity

Transverse Single Spin Asymmetries

QCD ldquotheoremrdquo (Sivers)D-Y = ndash (Sivers)DISNA

Time-like elm form factors

llpp form factors

Elastic processes

SLSSLLNNN AAA AA spin mysteries like in pp

High Energy

Low Energy

Spin Workshop 05 Dubna M Contalbrigo - INFN Ferrara 19

pp Elastic Scattering from ZGSpp Elastic Scattering from ZGS

Spin-dependence at large-PSpin-dependence at large-P (90deg90degcmcm))

Hard scattering takes Hard scattering takes place only with spins place only with spins

DG Crabb et al PRL 41 1257 (1978)

T=1085 GeV

Similar studies in pp elastic scattering

Spin Workshop 05 Dubna M Contalbrigo - INFN Ferrara 20

Physics with polarized antiprotons at GSI-PAX

Transversity via Drell-Yan processes

TTA direct access to transversity

Transverse Single Spin Asymmetries

QCD ldquotheoremrdquo (Sivers)D-Y = ndash (Sivers)DISNA

Time-like elm form factors

llpp form factors

Elastic processes

SLSSLLNNN AAA AA spin mysteries like in pp

High Energy

Low Energy

Spin Workshop 05 Dubna M Contalbrigo - INFN Ferrara 21

(Phys RevC 68 (2003) 034325)

JLab PT data

SLAC RS data

TWO DIFFERENTS METHODS

TWO DIFFERENTS RESULTS

COMPARISON BETWEEN

ROSENBLUTH SEPARATION AND

POLARIZATION TRANSFER TECNIQUES

Proton Electromagnetic Proton Electromagnetic Formfactors Formfactors

Spin Workshop 05 Dubna M Contalbrigo - INFN Ferrara 22

Proton Electromagnetic Proton Electromagnetic Formfactors Formfactors

bull Single-spin asymmetry in pp rarr e+e-

ndash Measurement of relative phases of magnetic and electric FF in the time-like region

bull Double-spin asymmetry in pp rarr e+e-

ndash independent GE-Gm separation

ndash test of Rosenbluth separation in the time-like region

2

p2

2E

22M

2M

E

y

m4q

|G|)(sin|G|)(cos1

)GGIm()2sin(A

S Brodsky et al Phys Rev D69 (2004)

Spin Workshop 05 Dubna M Contalbrigo - INFN Ferrara 23

OutlineOutlinebull Introduction

ndash Physics Casendash The FAIR project

bull PAX Accelerator Setupndash Stagingndash Antiproton Polarizer Ringndash Asymmetric Antiproton-Proton Collider

bull Experimentndash Conceptual Detector Designndash Preliminary Results for Drell-Yan Studiesndash Rate estimates

Spin Workshop 05 Dubna M Contalbrigo - INFN Ferrara 24

Facilty for Antiproton and Ion Research (GSI Darmstadt Germany)

-Proton linac (injector)-2 synchrotons (30 GeV p)-A number of storage rings Parallel beams operation

Spin Workshop 05 Dubna M Contalbrigo - INFN Ferrara 25

HESR

Antiproton Production

Target

HESR (High Energy Storage Ring) p = 15 - 15 GeVc (22 GeVc) (Length 442 m Bρ = 50 Tm)

PANDA storage ring (N=5 x 1010

pbar)

High luminosity mode (Δpp ~ 10-4) Luminosity = 2 x 1032 cm-2s-1

High resolution mode (Δpp ~ 10-5 ) Luminosity = 1031 cm-2s-1

PAX synchroton (N=3 x 1011 pbar) Preserve polarization Luminosity = 2 x 1030 cm-2s-1

The Antiproton FacilityThe Antiproton Facility

bullAntiproton production similar to CERN

bullProduction rate 107sec at 30 GeV

SuperFRS

NESR

CR

Beam Cooling e- andor stochastic

SIS100300

Spin Workshop 05 Dubna M Contalbrigo - INFN Ferrara 26

OutlineOutlinebull Introduction

ndash Physics Casendash The FAIR project

bull PAX Accelerator Setupndash Stagingndash Antiproton Polarizer Ringndash Asymmetric Antiproton-Proton Collider

bull Experimentndash Conceptual Detector Designndash Preliminary Results for Drell-Yan Studiesndash Rate estimates

Spin Workshop 05 Dubna M Contalbrigo - INFN Ferrara 27

PAX Accelerator SetupPAX Accelerator Setup

In the following focus on two issuesbull Antiproton Polarizer Ring (APR)bull Asymmetric Antiproton-Proton Collider

Spin Workshop 05 Dubna M Contalbrigo - INFN Ferrara 28

Staging Staging Phase I (PAXCSR)Phase I (PAXCSR)

Physics EMFFpbar-p elastic

Experiment polunpol pbar on internal polarized target

Independent from HESR running

Spin Workshop 05 Dubna M Contalbrigo - INFN Ferrara 29

Staging Staging Phase II (PAXHESR)Phase II (PAXHESR)

EXPERIMENT1 Asymmetric collider polarized antiprotons in HESR (p=15 GeVc)

polarized protons in CSR (p=35 GeVc)2 Internal polarized target with 22 GeVc polarized antiproton

beam

Physics Transversity

Second IP with minor interference with PANDA

Spin Workshop 05 Dubna M Contalbrigo - INFN Ferrara 30

OutlineOutlinebull Introduction

ndash Physics Casendash The FAIR project

bull PAX Accelerator Setupndash Stagingndash Antiproton Polarizer Ringndash Asymmetric Antiproton-Proton Collider

bull Experimentndash Conceptual Detector Designndash Preliminary Results for Drell-Yan Studiesndash Rate estimates

Spin Workshop 05 Dubna M Contalbrigo - INFN Ferrara 31

Principle of spin filter methodPrinciple of spin filter method

P beam polarizationQ target polarizationk || beam direction

σtot = σ0 + σmiddotPmiddotQ + σ||middot(Pmiddotk)(Qmiddotk)

transverse case

Q0tot

longitudinal case

Q)( ||0tot

For initially equally populated spin states (m=+frac12) and (m=-frac12)

Unpolarized anti-p beam

Polarized H target

Spin Workshop 05 Dubna M Contalbrigo - INFN Ferrara 32

The HERMES targetThe HERMES target

Atomic Beam SourceNIM A 505 (2003) 633

Pz+ = |1gt + |4gt

Pz- = |2gt + |3gt

mmjj = = ++1212

mmjj = = --1212

mmii=-12=-12

mmii=-12=-12

mmii=+1=+122

mmii=+1=+122

1|1gt|2gt

|3gt|4gt

ee-

pp|1gt

Spin Workshop 05 Dubna M Contalbrigo - INFN Ferrara 33

Performance of Polarized Internal Performance of Polarized Internal TargetsTargets

PT = 0795 0033

HERMES

H Transverse Field (B=297 mT)

HERMES

Dz

Dzz

PT = 0845 plusmn 0028

Longitudinal Field (B=335 mT)

HERMES Stored Positrons PINTEX Stored Protons

H

Fast reorientation in a weak field (xyz)

Targets work very reliably (months of stable operation)

Spin Workshop 05 Dubna M Contalbrigo - INFN Ferrara 34

Exploitation of Spin TransferExploitation of Spin Transfer

PAX will employ spin-filter from internal polarized hydrogen

target to antiprotons

Hydrogen gas target in strong field (300 mT)

F Rathmann et al PRL 71 1379 (1993)

Low energy pp scattering 1lt0 tot+lttot-

Expectation

Target Beam

FILTEX ResultsFILTEX Results

Spin Workshop 05 Dubna M Contalbrigo - INFN Ferrara 35

Puzzle from FILTEX TestPuzzle from FILTEX TestObserved polarization build-up dPdt = plusmn (124 plusmn 006) x 10-2 h-1

Expected build-up P(t)=tanh(tτpol)

1τpol=σ1Qdtf=24x10-2 h-1

about factor 2 larger

σ1 = 122 mb (pp phase shifts)Q = 083 plusmn 003dt = (56 plusmn 03) x 1013cm-2

f = 1177 MHz

Three distinct effects (measured 1=69 mb)

1 Selective removal through scattering beyond Ψacc=44 mrad σR=83 mb

2 Small angle scattering of target protons into ring acceptance σS=52 mb

3 Spin transfer from polarized electrons of the target atoms to the stored protons

σEM=70 mb (-) Horowitz amp Meyer PRL 72 3981 (1994)

HO Meyer PRE 50 1485 (1994)

Spin Workshop 05 Dubna M Contalbrigo - INFN Ferrara 36

01

02

03

04

Beam

Pola

riza

tion

P(2

middotτbeam)

10 T (MeV)100

EM only

5

10

30

20

40

Ψacc=50 mrad

0

1

Filter Test T = 23 MeV Ψacc= 44 mrad

Beam PolarizationBeam Polarization (Electromagnetic Interaction)(Electromagnetic Interaction)

Spin Workshop 05 Dubna M Contalbrigo - INFN Ferrara 37

Beam Polarization Beam Polarization (Hadronic Interaction Longitudinal Case)(Hadronic Interaction Longitudinal Case)

Experimental Tests requiredbullEM effect needs protons only (COSY)bullFinal Design of APR Filter test with p at AD (CERN)

Model D V Mull K Holinde Phys Rev C 51 2360 (1995)

Model A T Hippchen et al Phys Rev C 44 1323 (1991)

50 100 150 200 250 T (MeV) 50 100 150 200 T (MeV)

005

010

015

020

P

005

010

015

020

P

2 beam lifetimesΨacc=10-50 mrad

3 beam lifetimesΨacc=20 mrad

Spin Workshop 05 Dubna M Contalbrigo - INFN Ferrara 38

SMILESMILE SSpin pin MMeasurements easurements

in in IInteractions at nteractions at LLow ow EEnergy nergy

bull Study of spin-filtering process

bull Electromagnetic interaction unpolarized protons on polarized internal target at COSY

bull Hadronic interaction unpolarized antiprotons on polarized internal target at AD (CERN)

From COSY to FAIRhellipFrom COSY to FAIRhellip

Spin Workshop 05 Dubna M Contalbrigo - INFN Ferrara 39

OutlineOutlinebull Introduction

ndash Physics Casendash The FAIR project

bull PAX Accelerator Setupndash Stagingndash Antiproton Polarizer Ringndash Asymmetric Antiproton-Proton Collider

bull Experimentndash Conceptual Detector Designndash Preliminary Results for Drell-Yan Studiesndash Rate estimates

Spin Workshop 05 Dubna M Contalbrigo - INFN Ferrara 40

RINGS SETUP RINGS SETUP

asymmetric collider L = 2∙1030 cm-2s-1

Spin Workshop 05 Dubna M Contalbrigo - INFN Ferrara 41

OutlineOutlinebull Introduction

ndash Physics Casendash The FAIR project

bull PAX Accelerator Setupndash Stagingndash Antiproton Polarizer Ringndash Asymmetric Antiproton-Proton Collider

bull Experimentndash Conceptual Detector Designndash Preliminary Results for Drell-Yan Studiesndash Rate estimates

Spin Workshop 05 Dubna M Contalbrigo - INFN Ferrara 42

PAX Detector Concept PAX Detector Concept

Physics h1 distribution sin2 EMFF sin2

pbar-p elastic high |t|

Magnet Keeps beam polarization vertical Compatible with Cerenkov Compatible with polarized target

Detector Extremely rare DY signal (10-7 p-pbar) Maximum Bjorken-x coverage (M interval) Excellent PID (hadrone rejection ~ 104) High mass resolution (le2 )

Moderate lepton energies (05-5 GeV)

Azimuthally SymmetricBARREL GEOMETRY

LARGE ANGLES

Experiment Flexible Facility

TOROIDNO FRINGE FIELD

e+e-

Spin Workshop 05 Dubna M Contalbrigo - INFN Ferrara 43

PAX Detector Concept PAX Detector Concept

Designed for Collider but compatible with fixed target

Cerenkov(200 m)

(20 m)

GEANT simulation

Spin Workshop 05 Dubna M Contalbrigo - INFN Ferrara 44

OutlineOutlinebull Introduction

ndash Physics Casendash The FAIR project

bull PAX Accelerator Setupndash Stagingndash Antiproton Polarizer Ringndash Asymmetric Antiproton-Proton Collider

bull Experimentndash Conceptual Detector Designndash Preliminary Results for Drell-Yan Studiesndash Rate estimates

Spin Workshop 05 Dubna M Contalbrigo - INFN Ferrara 45

-p Phase Space-p Phase Space

Background peaks at low energy forward direction

acceptance

Spin Workshop 05 Dubna M Contalbrigo - INFN Ferrara 46

Background to Drell-Yan eBackground to Drell-Yan e++ee--

frac12 hour experiment 2∙108 p-pbar interactions several DY events

combinatorial+charm bckg

Background 11 to signal after PID Egt300 MeV conversion veto mass cut the combinatorial component can be subtracted (wrong-sign control sample) the charm can be reduced (vertex decay)

+-++ amp --

Spin Workshop 05 Dubna M Contalbrigo - INFN Ferrara 47

-p Phase Space-p Phase Space

Vertex resolution high enoughto study charm background

Better than 2 mass resol x dependence of h1

resonance vs continuum

Mandatory to study M below Jψ mass

Spin Workshop 05 Dubna M Contalbrigo - INFN Ferrara 48

OutlineOutlinebull Introduction

ndash Physics Casendash The FAIR project

bull PAX Accelerator Setupndash Stagingndash Antiproton Polarizer Ringndash Asymmetric Antiproton-Proton Collider

bull Experimentndash Conceptual Detector Designndash Preliminary Results for Drell-Yan Studiesndash Rate estimates

Spin Workshop 05 Dubna M Contalbrigo - INFN Ferrara 49

10 precision on the h1u (x) in the valence region

1 year of data taking at 15+35 GeV collider L = 2∙1030 cm-2s-1

Precision in hPrecision in h11 measurement measurement

Spin Workshop 05 Dubna M Contalbrigo - INFN Ferrara 50

Summary

bull PAX project has an innovative spin physics program transversity SSA EMFF hard p-pbar scatterings

bull A method to obtain an antiproton beam with high degree of polarization has to be optimized (APR)

bull PAX viable accelerator setup provides fexible 2nd IP really matched to the physics items lots of interesting QCD physics in PAX Phase-I asymmetric collider ideal to map transversity (Phase-II)

Spin Workshop 05 Dubna M Contalbrigo - INFN Ferrara 51

Background to Drell-Yan eBackground to Drell-Yan e++ee--

frac12 hour experiment 2∙108 p-pbar interactions several DY events

combinatorial+charm bckg

Background 11 to signal after PID Egt300 MeV conversion veto mass cut the combinatorial component can be subtracted (wrong-sign control sample) the charm can be reduced (vertex decay)

+-++ amp --

Spin Workshop 05 Dubna M Contalbrigo - INFN Ferrara 52

PAX Integrated Luminosities for Physics PAX Integrated Luminosities for Physics CasesCases

pb-1

fb-1

Inte

gra

ted

Lu

min

osi

ty

EMFF DSA s=376 GeV2

ppbar elastic DSA t=4 GeV2

Phase-I L=151031 cm-2s-1

Antiproton Beam Polarization Ppbar=03 Proton Polarization Pp=08

Phase-II L=21030 cm-2s-1

EMFF DSA s=9 GeV2

Absolute Error ΔDSA=005

h1 DSA Mgt2 GeV Δ=10

h1 DSA Mgt4 GeV Δ=20

(1 y)

(4 y)(1 y)

Spin Workshop 05 Dubna M Contalbrigo - INFN Ferrara 53

q q

q qqqqq

TTTT xqxqxqxqe

xhxhxhxheaA

)()()()(

)()()()(ˆ

dd

dd

21212

211121112

Barone Calarco Drago

Martin Schaumlfer Stratmann Vogelsang

h1 from p-p Drell-Yan at RICHU70

h1q (x Q2) small and with much slower evolution than

Δq(x Q2) and q(x Q2) at small x

h1q (x Q2)- h1q (x Q2)ne

RHIC τ=x1x2~10-3 rarr sea quarks (ATT very small ~ 001 )

3102 RICH energies 22 GeV 100 GeV 200 Ms

  • PAX Polarized Antiproton eXperiments
  • PAX Collaboration
  • Slide 3
  • Outline
  • Slide 5
  • Slide 6
  • Slide 7
  • Slide 8
  • Slide 9
  • Slide 10
  • Slide 11
  • Slide 12
  • Slide 13
  • Slide 14
  • Slide 15
  • Slide 16
  • Slide 17
  • Slide 18
  • pp Elastic Scattering from ZGS
  • Slide 20
  • Proton Electromagnetic Formfactors
  • Slide 22
  • Slide 23
  • Slide 24
  • Slide 25
  • Slide 26
  • PAX Accelerator Setup
  • Slide 28
  • Slide 29
  • Slide 30
  • Slide 31
  • Slide 32
  • Slide 33
  • Slide 34
  • Slide 35
  • Slide 36
  • Slide 37
  • SMILE Spin Measurements in Interactions at Low Energy
  • Slide 39
  • Slide 40
  • Slide 41
  • Slide 42
  • Slide 43
  • Slide 44
  • Slide 45
  • Slide 46
  • Slide 47
  • Slide 48
  • Slide 49
  • Summary
  • Slide 51
  • PAX Integrated Luminosities for Physics Cases
  • Slide 53
Page 7: PAX Polarized Antiproton eXperiments

Spin Workshop 05 Dubna M Contalbrigo - INFN Ferrara 7

- Probes relativistic nature of quarks- No gluon analog for spin-12 nucleon- Different Q2 evolution than q - Sensitive to valence quark polarization

TransversityTransversity

Chiral-odd requires another chiral-odd partnerChiral-odd requires another chiral-odd partner

PropertiesProperties

Impossible in DIS Direct Measurement

ppe+e-X epersquohX

Indirect MeasurementConvolution of with

unknown fragment fct

h1 x h1 h1 x Collins function

h1 must couple to another chiral-odd function

Spin Workshop 05 Dubna M Contalbrigo - INFN Ferrara 8

Elementary LO interaction

)( )()( )(1

9

42121

2

212

2

2

2

xqxqxqxqexxsMdxdM

d

qq

F

2 22121 sQxsMxxxxx LFF

llqq

Drell-Yan processDrell-Yan process

dduuq

M invariant Massof lepton pair

sM 2

Spin Workshop 05 Dubna M Contalbrigo - INFN Ferrara 9

q q

q qqqqq

TTTT xqxqxqxqe

xhxhxhxheaA

)()()()(

)()()()(ˆ

dd

dd

21212

211121112

Barone Calarco Drago

Martin Schaumlfer Stratmann Vogelsang

h1 from p-p Drell-Yan at RICHU70

h1q (x Q2) small and with much slower evolution than

Δq(x Q2) and q(x Q2) at small x

h1q (x Q2)- h1q (x Q2)ne

RHIC τ=x1x2~10-3 rarr sea quarks (ATT very small ~ 001 )

Spin Workshop 05 Dubna M Contalbrigo - INFN Ferrara 10

h1 from pbar-p Drell-Yan at GSI

Similar predictions by Efremov et al

Eur Phys J C35 207 (2004)

PAX s=x1x2~01-03 rarr valence quarks (ATT large ~ 02-04 )

)()(

)()(ˆ

)()()()(

)()()()(ˆ

21

2111

21212

211121112

xuxu

xhxha

xqxqxqxqe

xhxhxhxheaA uu

TT

q q

q qqqqq

TTTT

Anselmino et al PLB 59497

(2004)

Spin Workshop 05 Dubna M Contalbrigo - INFN Ferrara 11

Kinematics for Drell-Yan processes

QCD corrections might be very large at smaller values of M for cross-sections not for ATT K-factor almost

spin-independent H Shimizu G Sterman W Vogelsang and H Yokoya hep-ph0503270

V Barone et al in preparation

Fermilab E866 800 GeVc

CERN NA51 450 GeVc

safe region

JMM

s

M J 2

Usually taken as

Q2gt4 GeV2

Spin Workshop 05 Dubna M Contalbrigo - INFN Ferrara 12

s=45 GeV2 s=210 GeV2

s=45 GeV2s=210 GeV2

Cross-section

Asymmetry

Spin Workshop 05 Dubna M Contalbrigo - INFN Ferrara 13

Physics with polarized antiprotons at GSI-PAX

Transversity via Drell-Yan processes

TTA direct access to transversity

Transverse Single Spin Asymmetries

QCD ldquotheoremrdquo (Sivers)D-Y = ndash (Sivers)DISNA

Time-like elm form factors

llpp form factors

Elastic processes

SLSSLLNNN AAA AA spin mysteries like in pp

High Energy

Low Energy

Spin Workshop 05 Dubna M Contalbrigo - INFN Ferrara 14

Single Spin Asymmetries (and their partonic

origin)

pq

Pq

π

kCollins effect = fragmentation of polarized quark

depends on Pqmiddot (pq x k)

P

pk

Sivers effect = number of partons in polarized

proton depends on P middot (p x k)

q

pk

Boer-Mulders effect = polarization of partons in

unpolarized proton depends on Pq middot (p x k)

qPq

Collins chiral-odd

Sivers chiral-even

Boer-Mulders chiral-odd

These effects may generate SSA

d d

d dNA

Spin Workshop 05 Dubna M Contalbrigo - INFN Ferrara 15

BNL-AGS radics = 66 GeV 06 lt pT lt 12 puarrp

E704 radics = 20 GeV 07 lt pT lt 20 puarrp

STAR-RHIC radics = 200 GeV 11 lt pT lt 25 puarrp

E704 radics = 20 GeV 07 lt pT lt 20 puarrp

SSA pp rarr πX

Spin Workshop 05 Dubna M Contalbrigo - INFN Ferrara 16

SSA SIDIS

Collins Sivers HERMES

Spin Workshop 05 Dubna M Contalbrigo - INFN Ferrara 17

SSA SIDIS

COMPASS

Spin Workshop 05 Dubna M Contalbrigo - INFN Ferrara 18

Physics with polarized antiprotons at GSI-PAX

Transversity via Drell-Yan processes

TTA direct access to transversity

Transverse Single Spin Asymmetries

QCD ldquotheoremrdquo (Sivers)D-Y = ndash (Sivers)DISNA

Time-like elm form factors

llpp form factors

Elastic processes

SLSSLLNNN AAA AA spin mysteries like in pp

High Energy

Low Energy

Spin Workshop 05 Dubna M Contalbrigo - INFN Ferrara 19

pp Elastic Scattering from ZGSpp Elastic Scattering from ZGS

Spin-dependence at large-PSpin-dependence at large-P (90deg90degcmcm))

Hard scattering takes Hard scattering takes place only with spins place only with spins

DG Crabb et al PRL 41 1257 (1978)

T=1085 GeV

Similar studies in pp elastic scattering

Spin Workshop 05 Dubna M Contalbrigo - INFN Ferrara 20

Physics with polarized antiprotons at GSI-PAX

Transversity via Drell-Yan processes

TTA direct access to transversity

Transverse Single Spin Asymmetries

QCD ldquotheoremrdquo (Sivers)D-Y = ndash (Sivers)DISNA

Time-like elm form factors

llpp form factors

Elastic processes

SLSSLLNNN AAA AA spin mysteries like in pp

High Energy

Low Energy

Spin Workshop 05 Dubna M Contalbrigo - INFN Ferrara 21

(Phys RevC 68 (2003) 034325)

JLab PT data

SLAC RS data

TWO DIFFERENTS METHODS

TWO DIFFERENTS RESULTS

COMPARISON BETWEEN

ROSENBLUTH SEPARATION AND

POLARIZATION TRANSFER TECNIQUES

Proton Electromagnetic Proton Electromagnetic Formfactors Formfactors

Spin Workshop 05 Dubna M Contalbrigo - INFN Ferrara 22

Proton Electromagnetic Proton Electromagnetic Formfactors Formfactors

bull Single-spin asymmetry in pp rarr e+e-

ndash Measurement of relative phases of magnetic and electric FF in the time-like region

bull Double-spin asymmetry in pp rarr e+e-

ndash independent GE-Gm separation

ndash test of Rosenbluth separation in the time-like region

2

p2

2E

22M

2M

E

y

m4q

|G|)(sin|G|)(cos1

)GGIm()2sin(A

S Brodsky et al Phys Rev D69 (2004)

Spin Workshop 05 Dubna M Contalbrigo - INFN Ferrara 23

OutlineOutlinebull Introduction

ndash Physics Casendash The FAIR project

bull PAX Accelerator Setupndash Stagingndash Antiproton Polarizer Ringndash Asymmetric Antiproton-Proton Collider

bull Experimentndash Conceptual Detector Designndash Preliminary Results for Drell-Yan Studiesndash Rate estimates

Spin Workshop 05 Dubna M Contalbrigo - INFN Ferrara 24

Facilty for Antiproton and Ion Research (GSI Darmstadt Germany)

-Proton linac (injector)-2 synchrotons (30 GeV p)-A number of storage rings Parallel beams operation

Spin Workshop 05 Dubna M Contalbrigo - INFN Ferrara 25

HESR

Antiproton Production

Target

HESR (High Energy Storage Ring) p = 15 - 15 GeVc (22 GeVc) (Length 442 m Bρ = 50 Tm)

PANDA storage ring (N=5 x 1010

pbar)

High luminosity mode (Δpp ~ 10-4) Luminosity = 2 x 1032 cm-2s-1

High resolution mode (Δpp ~ 10-5 ) Luminosity = 1031 cm-2s-1

PAX synchroton (N=3 x 1011 pbar) Preserve polarization Luminosity = 2 x 1030 cm-2s-1

The Antiproton FacilityThe Antiproton Facility

bullAntiproton production similar to CERN

bullProduction rate 107sec at 30 GeV

SuperFRS

NESR

CR

Beam Cooling e- andor stochastic

SIS100300

Spin Workshop 05 Dubna M Contalbrigo - INFN Ferrara 26

OutlineOutlinebull Introduction

ndash Physics Casendash The FAIR project

bull PAX Accelerator Setupndash Stagingndash Antiproton Polarizer Ringndash Asymmetric Antiproton-Proton Collider

bull Experimentndash Conceptual Detector Designndash Preliminary Results for Drell-Yan Studiesndash Rate estimates

Spin Workshop 05 Dubna M Contalbrigo - INFN Ferrara 27

PAX Accelerator SetupPAX Accelerator Setup

In the following focus on two issuesbull Antiproton Polarizer Ring (APR)bull Asymmetric Antiproton-Proton Collider

Spin Workshop 05 Dubna M Contalbrigo - INFN Ferrara 28

Staging Staging Phase I (PAXCSR)Phase I (PAXCSR)

Physics EMFFpbar-p elastic

Experiment polunpol pbar on internal polarized target

Independent from HESR running

Spin Workshop 05 Dubna M Contalbrigo - INFN Ferrara 29

Staging Staging Phase II (PAXHESR)Phase II (PAXHESR)

EXPERIMENT1 Asymmetric collider polarized antiprotons in HESR (p=15 GeVc)

polarized protons in CSR (p=35 GeVc)2 Internal polarized target with 22 GeVc polarized antiproton

beam

Physics Transversity

Second IP with minor interference with PANDA

Spin Workshop 05 Dubna M Contalbrigo - INFN Ferrara 30

OutlineOutlinebull Introduction

ndash Physics Casendash The FAIR project

bull PAX Accelerator Setupndash Stagingndash Antiproton Polarizer Ringndash Asymmetric Antiproton-Proton Collider

bull Experimentndash Conceptual Detector Designndash Preliminary Results for Drell-Yan Studiesndash Rate estimates

Spin Workshop 05 Dubna M Contalbrigo - INFN Ferrara 31

Principle of spin filter methodPrinciple of spin filter method

P beam polarizationQ target polarizationk || beam direction

σtot = σ0 + σmiddotPmiddotQ + σ||middot(Pmiddotk)(Qmiddotk)

transverse case

Q0tot

longitudinal case

Q)( ||0tot

For initially equally populated spin states (m=+frac12) and (m=-frac12)

Unpolarized anti-p beam

Polarized H target

Spin Workshop 05 Dubna M Contalbrigo - INFN Ferrara 32

The HERMES targetThe HERMES target

Atomic Beam SourceNIM A 505 (2003) 633

Pz+ = |1gt + |4gt

Pz- = |2gt + |3gt

mmjj = = ++1212

mmjj = = --1212

mmii=-12=-12

mmii=-12=-12

mmii=+1=+122

mmii=+1=+122

1|1gt|2gt

|3gt|4gt

ee-

pp|1gt

Spin Workshop 05 Dubna M Contalbrigo - INFN Ferrara 33

Performance of Polarized Internal Performance of Polarized Internal TargetsTargets

PT = 0795 0033

HERMES

H Transverse Field (B=297 mT)

HERMES

Dz

Dzz

PT = 0845 plusmn 0028

Longitudinal Field (B=335 mT)

HERMES Stored Positrons PINTEX Stored Protons

H

Fast reorientation in a weak field (xyz)

Targets work very reliably (months of stable operation)

Spin Workshop 05 Dubna M Contalbrigo - INFN Ferrara 34

Exploitation of Spin TransferExploitation of Spin Transfer

PAX will employ spin-filter from internal polarized hydrogen

target to antiprotons

Hydrogen gas target in strong field (300 mT)

F Rathmann et al PRL 71 1379 (1993)

Low energy pp scattering 1lt0 tot+lttot-

Expectation

Target Beam

FILTEX ResultsFILTEX Results

Spin Workshop 05 Dubna M Contalbrigo - INFN Ferrara 35

Puzzle from FILTEX TestPuzzle from FILTEX TestObserved polarization build-up dPdt = plusmn (124 plusmn 006) x 10-2 h-1

Expected build-up P(t)=tanh(tτpol)

1τpol=σ1Qdtf=24x10-2 h-1

about factor 2 larger

σ1 = 122 mb (pp phase shifts)Q = 083 plusmn 003dt = (56 plusmn 03) x 1013cm-2

f = 1177 MHz

Three distinct effects (measured 1=69 mb)

1 Selective removal through scattering beyond Ψacc=44 mrad σR=83 mb

2 Small angle scattering of target protons into ring acceptance σS=52 mb

3 Spin transfer from polarized electrons of the target atoms to the stored protons

σEM=70 mb (-) Horowitz amp Meyer PRL 72 3981 (1994)

HO Meyer PRE 50 1485 (1994)

Spin Workshop 05 Dubna M Contalbrigo - INFN Ferrara 36

01

02

03

04

Beam

Pola

riza

tion

P(2

middotτbeam)

10 T (MeV)100

EM only

5

10

30

20

40

Ψacc=50 mrad

0

1

Filter Test T = 23 MeV Ψacc= 44 mrad

Beam PolarizationBeam Polarization (Electromagnetic Interaction)(Electromagnetic Interaction)

Spin Workshop 05 Dubna M Contalbrigo - INFN Ferrara 37

Beam Polarization Beam Polarization (Hadronic Interaction Longitudinal Case)(Hadronic Interaction Longitudinal Case)

Experimental Tests requiredbullEM effect needs protons only (COSY)bullFinal Design of APR Filter test with p at AD (CERN)

Model D V Mull K Holinde Phys Rev C 51 2360 (1995)

Model A T Hippchen et al Phys Rev C 44 1323 (1991)

50 100 150 200 250 T (MeV) 50 100 150 200 T (MeV)

005

010

015

020

P

005

010

015

020

P

2 beam lifetimesΨacc=10-50 mrad

3 beam lifetimesΨacc=20 mrad

Spin Workshop 05 Dubna M Contalbrigo - INFN Ferrara 38

SMILESMILE SSpin pin MMeasurements easurements

in in IInteractions at nteractions at LLow ow EEnergy nergy

bull Study of spin-filtering process

bull Electromagnetic interaction unpolarized protons on polarized internal target at COSY

bull Hadronic interaction unpolarized antiprotons on polarized internal target at AD (CERN)

From COSY to FAIRhellipFrom COSY to FAIRhellip

Spin Workshop 05 Dubna M Contalbrigo - INFN Ferrara 39

OutlineOutlinebull Introduction

ndash Physics Casendash The FAIR project

bull PAX Accelerator Setupndash Stagingndash Antiproton Polarizer Ringndash Asymmetric Antiproton-Proton Collider

bull Experimentndash Conceptual Detector Designndash Preliminary Results for Drell-Yan Studiesndash Rate estimates

Spin Workshop 05 Dubna M Contalbrigo - INFN Ferrara 40

RINGS SETUP RINGS SETUP

asymmetric collider L = 2∙1030 cm-2s-1

Spin Workshop 05 Dubna M Contalbrigo - INFN Ferrara 41

OutlineOutlinebull Introduction

ndash Physics Casendash The FAIR project

bull PAX Accelerator Setupndash Stagingndash Antiproton Polarizer Ringndash Asymmetric Antiproton-Proton Collider

bull Experimentndash Conceptual Detector Designndash Preliminary Results for Drell-Yan Studiesndash Rate estimates

Spin Workshop 05 Dubna M Contalbrigo - INFN Ferrara 42

PAX Detector Concept PAX Detector Concept

Physics h1 distribution sin2 EMFF sin2

pbar-p elastic high |t|

Magnet Keeps beam polarization vertical Compatible with Cerenkov Compatible with polarized target

Detector Extremely rare DY signal (10-7 p-pbar) Maximum Bjorken-x coverage (M interval) Excellent PID (hadrone rejection ~ 104) High mass resolution (le2 )

Moderate lepton energies (05-5 GeV)

Azimuthally SymmetricBARREL GEOMETRY

LARGE ANGLES

Experiment Flexible Facility

TOROIDNO FRINGE FIELD

e+e-

Spin Workshop 05 Dubna M Contalbrigo - INFN Ferrara 43

PAX Detector Concept PAX Detector Concept

Designed for Collider but compatible with fixed target

Cerenkov(200 m)

(20 m)

GEANT simulation

Spin Workshop 05 Dubna M Contalbrigo - INFN Ferrara 44

OutlineOutlinebull Introduction

ndash Physics Casendash The FAIR project

bull PAX Accelerator Setupndash Stagingndash Antiproton Polarizer Ringndash Asymmetric Antiproton-Proton Collider

bull Experimentndash Conceptual Detector Designndash Preliminary Results for Drell-Yan Studiesndash Rate estimates

Spin Workshop 05 Dubna M Contalbrigo - INFN Ferrara 45

-p Phase Space-p Phase Space

Background peaks at low energy forward direction

acceptance

Spin Workshop 05 Dubna M Contalbrigo - INFN Ferrara 46

Background to Drell-Yan eBackground to Drell-Yan e++ee--

frac12 hour experiment 2∙108 p-pbar interactions several DY events

combinatorial+charm bckg

Background 11 to signal after PID Egt300 MeV conversion veto mass cut the combinatorial component can be subtracted (wrong-sign control sample) the charm can be reduced (vertex decay)

+-++ amp --

Spin Workshop 05 Dubna M Contalbrigo - INFN Ferrara 47

-p Phase Space-p Phase Space

Vertex resolution high enoughto study charm background

Better than 2 mass resol x dependence of h1

resonance vs continuum

Mandatory to study M below Jψ mass

Spin Workshop 05 Dubna M Contalbrigo - INFN Ferrara 48

OutlineOutlinebull Introduction

ndash Physics Casendash The FAIR project

bull PAX Accelerator Setupndash Stagingndash Antiproton Polarizer Ringndash Asymmetric Antiproton-Proton Collider

bull Experimentndash Conceptual Detector Designndash Preliminary Results for Drell-Yan Studiesndash Rate estimates

Spin Workshop 05 Dubna M Contalbrigo - INFN Ferrara 49

10 precision on the h1u (x) in the valence region

1 year of data taking at 15+35 GeV collider L = 2∙1030 cm-2s-1

Precision in hPrecision in h11 measurement measurement

Spin Workshop 05 Dubna M Contalbrigo - INFN Ferrara 50

Summary

bull PAX project has an innovative spin physics program transversity SSA EMFF hard p-pbar scatterings

bull A method to obtain an antiproton beam with high degree of polarization has to be optimized (APR)

bull PAX viable accelerator setup provides fexible 2nd IP really matched to the physics items lots of interesting QCD physics in PAX Phase-I asymmetric collider ideal to map transversity (Phase-II)

Spin Workshop 05 Dubna M Contalbrigo - INFN Ferrara 51

Background to Drell-Yan eBackground to Drell-Yan e++ee--

frac12 hour experiment 2∙108 p-pbar interactions several DY events

combinatorial+charm bckg

Background 11 to signal after PID Egt300 MeV conversion veto mass cut the combinatorial component can be subtracted (wrong-sign control sample) the charm can be reduced (vertex decay)

+-++ amp --

Spin Workshop 05 Dubna M Contalbrigo - INFN Ferrara 52

PAX Integrated Luminosities for Physics PAX Integrated Luminosities for Physics CasesCases

pb-1

fb-1

Inte

gra

ted

Lu

min

osi

ty

EMFF DSA s=376 GeV2

ppbar elastic DSA t=4 GeV2

Phase-I L=151031 cm-2s-1

Antiproton Beam Polarization Ppbar=03 Proton Polarization Pp=08

Phase-II L=21030 cm-2s-1

EMFF DSA s=9 GeV2

Absolute Error ΔDSA=005

h1 DSA Mgt2 GeV Δ=10

h1 DSA Mgt4 GeV Δ=20

(1 y)

(4 y)(1 y)

Spin Workshop 05 Dubna M Contalbrigo - INFN Ferrara 53

q q

q qqqqq

TTTT xqxqxqxqe

xhxhxhxheaA

)()()()(

)()()()(ˆ

dd

dd

21212

211121112

Barone Calarco Drago

Martin Schaumlfer Stratmann Vogelsang

h1 from p-p Drell-Yan at RICHU70

h1q (x Q2) small and with much slower evolution than

Δq(x Q2) and q(x Q2) at small x

h1q (x Q2)- h1q (x Q2)ne

RHIC τ=x1x2~10-3 rarr sea quarks (ATT very small ~ 001 )

3102 RICH energies 22 GeV 100 GeV 200 Ms

  • PAX Polarized Antiproton eXperiments
  • PAX Collaboration
  • Slide 3
  • Outline
  • Slide 5
  • Slide 6
  • Slide 7
  • Slide 8
  • Slide 9
  • Slide 10
  • Slide 11
  • Slide 12
  • Slide 13
  • Slide 14
  • Slide 15
  • Slide 16
  • Slide 17
  • Slide 18
  • pp Elastic Scattering from ZGS
  • Slide 20
  • Proton Electromagnetic Formfactors
  • Slide 22
  • Slide 23
  • Slide 24
  • Slide 25
  • Slide 26
  • PAX Accelerator Setup
  • Slide 28
  • Slide 29
  • Slide 30
  • Slide 31
  • Slide 32
  • Slide 33
  • Slide 34
  • Slide 35
  • Slide 36
  • Slide 37
  • SMILE Spin Measurements in Interactions at Low Energy
  • Slide 39
  • Slide 40
  • Slide 41
  • Slide 42
  • Slide 43
  • Slide 44
  • Slide 45
  • Slide 46
  • Slide 47
  • Slide 48
  • Slide 49
  • Summary
  • Slide 51
  • PAX Integrated Luminosities for Physics Cases
  • Slide 53
Page 8: PAX Polarized Antiproton eXperiments

Spin Workshop 05 Dubna M Contalbrigo - INFN Ferrara 8

Elementary LO interaction

)( )()( )(1

9

42121

2

212

2

2

2

xqxqxqxqexxsMdxdM

d

qq

F

2 22121 sQxsMxxxxx LFF

llqq

Drell-Yan processDrell-Yan process

dduuq

M invariant Massof lepton pair

sM 2

Spin Workshop 05 Dubna M Contalbrigo - INFN Ferrara 9

q q

q qqqqq

TTTT xqxqxqxqe

xhxhxhxheaA

)()()()(

)()()()(ˆ

dd

dd

21212

211121112

Barone Calarco Drago

Martin Schaumlfer Stratmann Vogelsang

h1 from p-p Drell-Yan at RICHU70

h1q (x Q2) small and with much slower evolution than

Δq(x Q2) and q(x Q2) at small x

h1q (x Q2)- h1q (x Q2)ne

RHIC τ=x1x2~10-3 rarr sea quarks (ATT very small ~ 001 )

Spin Workshop 05 Dubna M Contalbrigo - INFN Ferrara 10

h1 from pbar-p Drell-Yan at GSI

Similar predictions by Efremov et al

Eur Phys J C35 207 (2004)

PAX s=x1x2~01-03 rarr valence quarks (ATT large ~ 02-04 )

)()(

)()(ˆ

)()()()(

)()()()(ˆ

21

2111

21212

211121112

xuxu

xhxha

xqxqxqxqe

xhxhxhxheaA uu

TT

q q

q qqqqq

TTTT

Anselmino et al PLB 59497

(2004)

Spin Workshop 05 Dubna M Contalbrigo - INFN Ferrara 11

Kinematics for Drell-Yan processes

QCD corrections might be very large at smaller values of M for cross-sections not for ATT K-factor almost

spin-independent H Shimizu G Sterman W Vogelsang and H Yokoya hep-ph0503270

V Barone et al in preparation

Fermilab E866 800 GeVc

CERN NA51 450 GeVc

safe region

JMM

s

M J 2

Usually taken as

Q2gt4 GeV2

Spin Workshop 05 Dubna M Contalbrigo - INFN Ferrara 12

s=45 GeV2 s=210 GeV2

s=45 GeV2s=210 GeV2

Cross-section

Asymmetry

Spin Workshop 05 Dubna M Contalbrigo - INFN Ferrara 13

Physics with polarized antiprotons at GSI-PAX

Transversity via Drell-Yan processes

TTA direct access to transversity

Transverse Single Spin Asymmetries

QCD ldquotheoremrdquo (Sivers)D-Y = ndash (Sivers)DISNA

Time-like elm form factors

llpp form factors

Elastic processes

SLSSLLNNN AAA AA spin mysteries like in pp

High Energy

Low Energy

Spin Workshop 05 Dubna M Contalbrigo - INFN Ferrara 14

Single Spin Asymmetries (and their partonic

origin)

pq

Pq

π

kCollins effect = fragmentation of polarized quark

depends on Pqmiddot (pq x k)

P

pk

Sivers effect = number of partons in polarized

proton depends on P middot (p x k)

q

pk

Boer-Mulders effect = polarization of partons in

unpolarized proton depends on Pq middot (p x k)

qPq

Collins chiral-odd

Sivers chiral-even

Boer-Mulders chiral-odd

These effects may generate SSA

d d

d dNA

Spin Workshop 05 Dubna M Contalbrigo - INFN Ferrara 15

BNL-AGS radics = 66 GeV 06 lt pT lt 12 puarrp

E704 radics = 20 GeV 07 lt pT lt 20 puarrp

STAR-RHIC radics = 200 GeV 11 lt pT lt 25 puarrp

E704 radics = 20 GeV 07 lt pT lt 20 puarrp

SSA pp rarr πX

Spin Workshop 05 Dubna M Contalbrigo - INFN Ferrara 16

SSA SIDIS

Collins Sivers HERMES

Spin Workshop 05 Dubna M Contalbrigo - INFN Ferrara 17

SSA SIDIS

COMPASS

Spin Workshop 05 Dubna M Contalbrigo - INFN Ferrara 18

Physics with polarized antiprotons at GSI-PAX

Transversity via Drell-Yan processes

TTA direct access to transversity

Transverse Single Spin Asymmetries

QCD ldquotheoremrdquo (Sivers)D-Y = ndash (Sivers)DISNA

Time-like elm form factors

llpp form factors

Elastic processes

SLSSLLNNN AAA AA spin mysteries like in pp

High Energy

Low Energy

Spin Workshop 05 Dubna M Contalbrigo - INFN Ferrara 19

pp Elastic Scattering from ZGSpp Elastic Scattering from ZGS

Spin-dependence at large-PSpin-dependence at large-P (90deg90degcmcm))

Hard scattering takes Hard scattering takes place only with spins place only with spins

DG Crabb et al PRL 41 1257 (1978)

T=1085 GeV

Similar studies in pp elastic scattering

Spin Workshop 05 Dubna M Contalbrigo - INFN Ferrara 20

Physics with polarized antiprotons at GSI-PAX

Transversity via Drell-Yan processes

TTA direct access to transversity

Transverse Single Spin Asymmetries

QCD ldquotheoremrdquo (Sivers)D-Y = ndash (Sivers)DISNA

Time-like elm form factors

llpp form factors

Elastic processes

SLSSLLNNN AAA AA spin mysteries like in pp

High Energy

Low Energy

Spin Workshop 05 Dubna M Contalbrigo - INFN Ferrara 21

(Phys RevC 68 (2003) 034325)

JLab PT data

SLAC RS data

TWO DIFFERENTS METHODS

TWO DIFFERENTS RESULTS

COMPARISON BETWEEN

ROSENBLUTH SEPARATION AND

POLARIZATION TRANSFER TECNIQUES

Proton Electromagnetic Proton Electromagnetic Formfactors Formfactors

Spin Workshop 05 Dubna M Contalbrigo - INFN Ferrara 22

Proton Electromagnetic Proton Electromagnetic Formfactors Formfactors

bull Single-spin asymmetry in pp rarr e+e-

ndash Measurement of relative phases of magnetic and electric FF in the time-like region

bull Double-spin asymmetry in pp rarr e+e-

ndash independent GE-Gm separation

ndash test of Rosenbluth separation in the time-like region

2

p2

2E

22M

2M

E

y

m4q

|G|)(sin|G|)(cos1

)GGIm()2sin(A

S Brodsky et al Phys Rev D69 (2004)

Spin Workshop 05 Dubna M Contalbrigo - INFN Ferrara 23

OutlineOutlinebull Introduction

ndash Physics Casendash The FAIR project

bull PAX Accelerator Setupndash Stagingndash Antiproton Polarizer Ringndash Asymmetric Antiproton-Proton Collider

bull Experimentndash Conceptual Detector Designndash Preliminary Results for Drell-Yan Studiesndash Rate estimates

Spin Workshop 05 Dubna M Contalbrigo - INFN Ferrara 24

Facilty for Antiproton and Ion Research (GSI Darmstadt Germany)

-Proton linac (injector)-2 synchrotons (30 GeV p)-A number of storage rings Parallel beams operation

Spin Workshop 05 Dubna M Contalbrigo - INFN Ferrara 25

HESR

Antiproton Production

Target

HESR (High Energy Storage Ring) p = 15 - 15 GeVc (22 GeVc) (Length 442 m Bρ = 50 Tm)

PANDA storage ring (N=5 x 1010

pbar)

High luminosity mode (Δpp ~ 10-4) Luminosity = 2 x 1032 cm-2s-1

High resolution mode (Δpp ~ 10-5 ) Luminosity = 1031 cm-2s-1

PAX synchroton (N=3 x 1011 pbar) Preserve polarization Luminosity = 2 x 1030 cm-2s-1

The Antiproton FacilityThe Antiproton Facility

bullAntiproton production similar to CERN

bullProduction rate 107sec at 30 GeV

SuperFRS

NESR

CR

Beam Cooling e- andor stochastic

SIS100300

Spin Workshop 05 Dubna M Contalbrigo - INFN Ferrara 26

OutlineOutlinebull Introduction

ndash Physics Casendash The FAIR project

bull PAX Accelerator Setupndash Stagingndash Antiproton Polarizer Ringndash Asymmetric Antiproton-Proton Collider

bull Experimentndash Conceptual Detector Designndash Preliminary Results for Drell-Yan Studiesndash Rate estimates

Spin Workshop 05 Dubna M Contalbrigo - INFN Ferrara 27

PAX Accelerator SetupPAX Accelerator Setup

In the following focus on two issuesbull Antiproton Polarizer Ring (APR)bull Asymmetric Antiproton-Proton Collider

Spin Workshop 05 Dubna M Contalbrigo - INFN Ferrara 28

Staging Staging Phase I (PAXCSR)Phase I (PAXCSR)

Physics EMFFpbar-p elastic

Experiment polunpol pbar on internal polarized target

Independent from HESR running

Spin Workshop 05 Dubna M Contalbrigo - INFN Ferrara 29

Staging Staging Phase II (PAXHESR)Phase II (PAXHESR)

EXPERIMENT1 Asymmetric collider polarized antiprotons in HESR (p=15 GeVc)

polarized protons in CSR (p=35 GeVc)2 Internal polarized target with 22 GeVc polarized antiproton

beam

Physics Transversity

Second IP with minor interference with PANDA

Spin Workshop 05 Dubna M Contalbrigo - INFN Ferrara 30

OutlineOutlinebull Introduction

ndash Physics Casendash The FAIR project

bull PAX Accelerator Setupndash Stagingndash Antiproton Polarizer Ringndash Asymmetric Antiproton-Proton Collider

bull Experimentndash Conceptual Detector Designndash Preliminary Results for Drell-Yan Studiesndash Rate estimates

Spin Workshop 05 Dubna M Contalbrigo - INFN Ferrara 31

Principle of spin filter methodPrinciple of spin filter method

P beam polarizationQ target polarizationk || beam direction

σtot = σ0 + σmiddotPmiddotQ + σ||middot(Pmiddotk)(Qmiddotk)

transverse case

Q0tot

longitudinal case

Q)( ||0tot

For initially equally populated spin states (m=+frac12) and (m=-frac12)

Unpolarized anti-p beam

Polarized H target

Spin Workshop 05 Dubna M Contalbrigo - INFN Ferrara 32

The HERMES targetThe HERMES target

Atomic Beam SourceNIM A 505 (2003) 633

Pz+ = |1gt + |4gt

Pz- = |2gt + |3gt

mmjj = = ++1212

mmjj = = --1212

mmii=-12=-12

mmii=-12=-12

mmii=+1=+122

mmii=+1=+122

1|1gt|2gt

|3gt|4gt

ee-

pp|1gt

Spin Workshop 05 Dubna M Contalbrigo - INFN Ferrara 33

Performance of Polarized Internal Performance of Polarized Internal TargetsTargets

PT = 0795 0033

HERMES

H Transverse Field (B=297 mT)

HERMES

Dz

Dzz

PT = 0845 plusmn 0028

Longitudinal Field (B=335 mT)

HERMES Stored Positrons PINTEX Stored Protons

H

Fast reorientation in a weak field (xyz)

Targets work very reliably (months of stable operation)

Spin Workshop 05 Dubna M Contalbrigo - INFN Ferrara 34

Exploitation of Spin TransferExploitation of Spin Transfer

PAX will employ spin-filter from internal polarized hydrogen

target to antiprotons

Hydrogen gas target in strong field (300 mT)

F Rathmann et al PRL 71 1379 (1993)

Low energy pp scattering 1lt0 tot+lttot-

Expectation

Target Beam

FILTEX ResultsFILTEX Results

Spin Workshop 05 Dubna M Contalbrigo - INFN Ferrara 35

Puzzle from FILTEX TestPuzzle from FILTEX TestObserved polarization build-up dPdt = plusmn (124 plusmn 006) x 10-2 h-1

Expected build-up P(t)=tanh(tτpol)

1τpol=σ1Qdtf=24x10-2 h-1

about factor 2 larger

σ1 = 122 mb (pp phase shifts)Q = 083 plusmn 003dt = (56 plusmn 03) x 1013cm-2

f = 1177 MHz

Three distinct effects (measured 1=69 mb)

1 Selective removal through scattering beyond Ψacc=44 mrad σR=83 mb

2 Small angle scattering of target protons into ring acceptance σS=52 mb

3 Spin transfer from polarized electrons of the target atoms to the stored protons

σEM=70 mb (-) Horowitz amp Meyer PRL 72 3981 (1994)

HO Meyer PRE 50 1485 (1994)

Spin Workshop 05 Dubna M Contalbrigo - INFN Ferrara 36

01

02

03

04

Beam

Pola

riza

tion

P(2

middotτbeam)

10 T (MeV)100

EM only

5

10

30

20

40

Ψacc=50 mrad

0

1

Filter Test T = 23 MeV Ψacc= 44 mrad

Beam PolarizationBeam Polarization (Electromagnetic Interaction)(Electromagnetic Interaction)

Spin Workshop 05 Dubna M Contalbrigo - INFN Ferrara 37

Beam Polarization Beam Polarization (Hadronic Interaction Longitudinal Case)(Hadronic Interaction Longitudinal Case)

Experimental Tests requiredbullEM effect needs protons only (COSY)bullFinal Design of APR Filter test with p at AD (CERN)

Model D V Mull K Holinde Phys Rev C 51 2360 (1995)

Model A T Hippchen et al Phys Rev C 44 1323 (1991)

50 100 150 200 250 T (MeV) 50 100 150 200 T (MeV)

005

010

015

020

P

005

010

015

020

P

2 beam lifetimesΨacc=10-50 mrad

3 beam lifetimesΨacc=20 mrad

Spin Workshop 05 Dubna M Contalbrigo - INFN Ferrara 38

SMILESMILE SSpin pin MMeasurements easurements

in in IInteractions at nteractions at LLow ow EEnergy nergy

bull Study of spin-filtering process

bull Electromagnetic interaction unpolarized protons on polarized internal target at COSY

bull Hadronic interaction unpolarized antiprotons on polarized internal target at AD (CERN)

From COSY to FAIRhellipFrom COSY to FAIRhellip

Spin Workshop 05 Dubna M Contalbrigo - INFN Ferrara 39

OutlineOutlinebull Introduction

ndash Physics Casendash The FAIR project

bull PAX Accelerator Setupndash Stagingndash Antiproton Polarizer Ringndash Asymmetric Antiproton-Proton Collider

bull Experimentndash Conceptual Detector Designndash Preliminary Results for Drell-Yan Studiesndash Rate estimates

Spin Workshop 05 Dubna M Contalbrigo - INFN Ferrara 40

RINGS SETUP RINGS SETUP

asymmetric collider L = 2∙1030 cm-2s-1

Spin Workshop 05 Dubna M Contalbrigo - INFN Ferrara 41

OutlineOutlinebull Introduction

ndash Physics Casendash The FAIR project

bull PAX Accelerator Setupndash Stagingndash Antiproton Polarizer Ringndash Asymmetric Antiproton-Proton Collider

bull Experimentndash Conceptual Detector Designndash Preliminary Results for Drell-Yan Studiesndash Rate estimates

Spin Workshop 05 Dubna M Contalbrigo - INFN Ferrara 42

PAX Detector Concept PAX Detector Concept

Physics h1 distribution sin2 EMFF sin2

pbar-p elastic high |t|

Magnet Keeps beam polarization vertical Compatible with Cerenkov Compatible with polarized target

Detector Extremely rare DY signal (10-7 p-pbar) Maximum Bjorken-x coverage (M interval) Excellent PID (hadrone rejection ~ 104) High mass resolution (le2 )

Moderate lepton energies (05-5 GeV)

Azimuthally SymmetricBARREL GEOMETRY

LARGE ANGLES

Experiment Flexible Facility

TOROIDNO FRINGE FIELD

e+e-

Spin Workshop 05 Dubna M Contalbrigo - INFN Ferrara 43

PAX Detector Concept PAX Detector Concept

Designed for Collider but compatible with fixed target

Cerenkov(200 m)

(20 m)

GEANT simulation

Spin Workshop 05 Dubna M Contalbrigo - INFN Ferrara 44

OutlineOutlinebull Introduction

ndash Physics Casendash The FAIR project

bull PAX Accelerator Setupndash Stagingndash Antiproton Polarizer Ringndash Asymmetric Antiproton-Proton Collider

bull Experimentndash Conceptual Detector Designndash Preliminary Results for Drell-Yan Studiesndash Rate estimates

Spin Workshop 05 Dubna M Contalbrigo - INFN Ferrara 45

-p Phase Space-p Phase Space

Background peaks at low energy forward direction

acceptance

Spin Workshop 05 Dubna M Contalbrigo - INFN Ferrara 46

Background to Drell-Yan eBackground to Drell-Yan e++ee--

frac12 hour experiment 2∙108 p-pbar interactions several DY events

combinatorial+charm bckg

Background 11 to signal after PID Egt300 MeV conversion veto mass cut the combinatorial component can be subtracted (wrong-sign control sample) the charm can be reduced (vertex decay)

+-++ amp --

Spin Workshop 05 Dubna M Contalbrigo - INFN Ferrara 47

-p Phase Space-p Phase Space

Vertex resolution high enoughto study charm background

Better than 2 mass resol x dependence of h1

resonance vs continuum

Mandatory to study M below Jψ mass

Spin Workshop 05 Dubna M Contalbrigo - INFN Ferrara 48

OutlineOutlinebull Introduction

ndash Physics Casendash The FAIR project

bull PAX Accelerator Setupndash Stagingndash Antiproton Polarizer Ringndash Asymmetric Antiproton-Proton Collider

bull Experimentndash Conceptual Detector Designndash Preliminary Results for Drell-Yan Studiesndash Rate estimates

Spin Workshop 05 Dubna M Contalbrigo - INFN Ferrara 49

10 precision on the h1u (x) in the valence region

1 year of data taking at 15+35 GeV collider L = 2∙1030 cm-2s-1

Precision in hPrecision in h11 measurement measurement

Spin Workshop 05 Dubna M Contalbrigo - INFN Ferrara 50

Summary

bull PAX project has an innovative spin physics program transversity SSA EMFF hard p-pbar scatterings

bull A method to obtain an antiproton beam with high degree of polarization has to be optimized (APR)

bull PAX viable accelerator setup provides fexible 2nd IP really matched to the physics items lots of interesting QCD physics in PAX Phase-I asymmetric collider ideal to map transversity (Phase-II)

Spin Workshop 05 Dubna M Contalbrigo - INFN Ferrara 51

Background to Drell-Yan eBackground to Drell-Yan e++ee--

frac12 hour experiment 2∙108 p-pbar interactions several DY events

combinatorial+charm bckg

Background 11 to signal after PID Egt300 MeV conversion veto mass cut the combinatorial component can be subtracted (wrong-sign control sample) the charm can be reduced (vertex decay)

+-++ amp --

Spin Workshop 05 Dubna M Contalbrigo - INFN Ferrara 52

PAX Integrated Luminosities for Physics PAX Integrated Luminosities for Physics CasesCases

pb-1

fb-1

Inte

gra

ted

Lu

min

osi

ty

EMFF DSA s=376 GeV2

ppbar elastic DSA t=4 GeV2

Phase-I L=151031 cm-2s-1

Antiproton Beam Polarization Ppbar=03 Proton Polarization Pp=08

Phase-II L=21030 cm-2s-1

EMFF DSA s=9 GeV2

Absolute Error ΔDSA=005

h1 DSA Mgt2 GeV Δ=10

h1 DSA Mgt4 GeV Δ=20

(1 y)

(4 y)(1 y)

Spin Workshop 05 Dubna M Contalbrigo - INFN Ferrara 53

q q

q qqqqq

TTTT xqxqxqxqe

xhxhxhxheaA

)()()()(

)()()()(ˆ

dd

dd

21212

211121112

Barone Calarco Drago

Martin Schaumlfer Stratmann Vogelsang

h1 from p-p Drell-Yan at RICHU70

h1q (x Q2) small and with much slower evolution than

Δq(x Q2) and q(x Q2) at small x

h1q (x Q2)- h1q (x Q2)ne

RHIC τ=x1x2~10-3 rarr sea quarks (ATT very small ~ 001 )

3102 RICH energies 22 GeV 100 GeV 200 Ms

  • PAX Polarized Antiproton eXperiments
  • PAX Collaboration
  • Slide 3
  • Outline
  • Slide 5
  • Slide 6
  • Slide 7
  • Slide 8
  • Slide 9
  • Slide 10
  • Slide 11
  • Slide 12
  • Slide 13
  • Slide 14
  • Slide 15
  • Slide 16
  • Slide 17
  • Slide 18
  • pp Elastic Scattering from ZGS
  • Slide 20
  • Proton Electromagnetic Formfactors
  • Slide 22
  • Slide 23
  • Slide 24
  • Slide 25
  • Slide 26
  • PAX Accelerator Setup
  • Slide 28
  • Slide 29
  • Slide 30
  • Slide 31
  • Slide 32
  • Slide 33
  • Slide 34
  • Slide 35
  • Slide 36
  • Slide 37
  • SMILE Spin Measurements in Interactions at Low Energy
  • Slide 39
  • Slide 40
  • Slide 41
  • Slide 42
  • Slide 43
  • Slide 44
  • Slide 45
  • Slide 46
  • Slide 47
  • Slide 48
  • Slide 49
  • Summary
  • Slide 51
  • PAX Integrated Luminosities for Physics Cases
  • Slide 53
Page 9: PAX Polarized Antiproton eXperiments

Spin Workshop 05 Dubna M Contalbrigo - INFN Ferrara 9

q q

q qqqqq

TTTT xqxqxqxqe

xhxhxhxheaA

)()()()(

)()()()(ˆ

dd

dd

21212

211121112

Barone Calarco Drago

Martin Schaumlfer Stratmann Vogelsang

h1 from p-p Drell-Yan at RICHU70

h1q (x Q2) small and with much slower evolution than

Δq(x Q2) and q(x Q2) at small x

h1q (x Q2)- h1q (x Q2)ne

RHIC τ=x1x2~10-3 rarr sea quarks (ATT very small ~ 001 )

Spin Workshop 05 Dubna M Contalbrigo - INFN Ferrara 10

h1 from pbar-p Drell-Yan at GSI

Similar predictions by Efremov et al

Eur Phys J C35 207 (2004)

PAX s=x1x2~01-03 rarr valence quarks (ATT large ~ 02-04 )

)()(

)()(ˆ

)()()()(

)()()()(ˆ

21

2111

21212

211121112

xuxu

xhxha

xqxqxqxqe

xhxhxhxheaA uu

TT

q q

q qqqqq

TTTT

Anselmino et al PLB 59497

(2004)

Spin Workshop 05 Dubna M Contalbrigo - INFN Ferrara 11

Kinematics for Drell-Yan processes

QCD corrections might be very large at smaller values of M for cross-sections not for ATT K-factor almost

spin-independent H Shimizu G Sterman W Vogelsang and H Yokoya hep-ph0503270

V Barone et al in preparation

Fermilab E866 800 GeVc

CERN NA51 450 GeVc

safe region

JMM

s

M J 2

Usually taken as

Q2gt4 GeV2

Spin Workshop 05 Dubna M Contalbrigo - INFN Ferrara 12

s=45 GeV2 s=210 GeV2

s=45 GeV2s=210 GeV2

Cross-section

Asymmetry

Spin Workshop 05 Dubna M Contalbrigo - INFN Ferrara 13

Physics with polarized antiprotons at GSI-PAX

Transversity via Drell-Yan processes

TTA direct access to transversity

Transverse Single Spin Asymmetries

QCD ldquotheoremrdquo (Sivers)D-Y = ndash (Sivers)DISNA

Time-like elm form factors

llpp form factors

Elastic processes

SLSSLLNNN AAA AA spin mysteries like in pp

High Energy

Low Energy

Spin Workshop 05 Dubna M Contalbrigo - INFN Ferrara 14

Single Spin Asymmetries (and their partonic

origin)

pq

Pq

π

kCollins effect = fragmentation of polarized quark

depends on Pqmiddot (pq x k)

P

pk

Sivers effect = number of partons in polarized

proton depends on P middot (p x k)

q

pk

Boer-Mulders effect = polarization of partons in

unpolarized proton depends on Pq middot (p x k)

qPq

Collins chiral-odd

Sivers chiral-even

Boer-Mulders chiral-odd

These effects may generate SSA

d d

d dNA

Spin Workshop 05 Dubna M Contalbrigo - INFN Ferrara 15

BNL-AGS radics = 66 GeV 06 lt pT lt 12 puarrp

E704 radics = 20 GeV 07 lt pT lt 20 puarrp

STAR-RHIC radics = 200 GeV 11 lt pT lt 25 puarrp

E704 radics = 20 GeV 07 lt pT lt 20 puarrp

SSA pp rarr πX

Spin Workshop 05 Dubna M Contalbrigo - INFN Ferrara 16

SSA SIDIS

Collins Sivers HERMES

Spin Workshop 05 Dubna M Contalbrigo - INFN Ferrara 17

SSA SIDIS

COMPASS

Spin Workshop 05 Dubna M Contalbrigo - INFN Ferrara 18

Physics with polarized antiprotons at GSI-PAX

Transversity via Drell-Yan processes

TTA direct access to transversity

Transverse Single Spin Asymmetries

QCD ldquotheoremrdquo (Sivers)D-Y = ndash (Sivers)DISNA

Time-like elm form factors

llpp form factors

Elastic processes

SLSSLLNNN AAA AA spin mysteries like in pp

High Energy

Low Energy

Spin Workshop 05 Dubna M Contalbrigo - INFN Ferrara 19

pp Elastic Scattering from ZGSpp Elastic Scattering from ZGS

Spin-dependence at large-PSpin-dependence at large-P (90deg90degcmcm))

Hard scattering takes Hard scattering takes place only with spins place only with spins

DG Crabb et al PRL 41 1257 (1978)

T=1085 GeV

Similar studies in pp elastic scattering

Spin Workshop 05 Dubna M Contalbrigo - INFN Ferrara 20

Physics with polarized antiprotons at GSI-PAX

Transversity via Drell-Yan processes

TTA direct access to transversity

Transverse Single Spin Asymmetries

QCD ldquotheoremrdquo (Sivers)D-Y = ndash (Sivers)DISNA

Time-like elm form factors

llpp form factors

Elastic processes

SLSSLLNNN AAA AA spin mysteries like in pp

High Energy

Low Energy

Spin Workshop 05 Dubna M Contalbrigo - INFN Ferrara 21

(Phys RevC 68 (2003) 034325)

JLab PT data

SLAC RS data

TWO DIFFERENTS METHODS

TWO DIFFERENTS RESULTS

COMPARISON BETWEEN

ROSENBLUTH SEPARATION AND

POLARIZATION TRANSFER TECNIQUES

Proton Electromagnetic Proton Electromagnetic Formfactors Formfactors

Spin Workshop 05 Dubna M Contalbrigo - INFN Ferrara 22

Proton Electromagnetic Proton Electromagnetic Formfactors Formfactors

bull Single-spin asymmetry in pp rarr e+e-

ndash Measurement of relative phases of magnetic and electric FF in the time-like region

bull Double-spin asymmetry in pp rarr e+e-

ndash independent GE-Gm separation

ndash test of Rosenbluth separation in the time-like region

2

p2

2E

22M

2M

E

y

m4q

|G|)(sin|G|)(cos1

)GGIm()2sin(A

S Brodsky et al Phys Rev D69 (2004)

Spin Workshop 05 Dubna M Contalbrigo - INFN Ferrara 23

OutlineOutlinebull Introduction

ndash Physics Casendash The FAIR project

bull PAX Accelerator Setupndash Stagingndash Antiproton Polarizer Ringndash Asymmetric Antiproton-Proton Collider

bull Experimentndash Conceptual Detector Designndash Preliminary Results for Drell-Yan Studiesndash Rate estimates

Spin Workshop 05 Dubna M Contalbrigo - INFN Ferrara 24

Facilty for Antiproton and Ion Research (GSI Darmstadt Germany)

-Proton linac (injector)-2 synchrotons (30 GeV p)-A number of storage rings Parallel beams operation

Spin Workshop 05 Dubna M Contalbrigo - INFN Ferrara 25

HESR

Antiproton Production

Target

HESR (High Energy Storage Ring) p = 15 - 15 GeVc (22 GeVc) (Length 442 m Bρ = 50 Tm)

PANDA storage ring (N=5 x 1010

pbar)

High luminosity mode (Δpp ~ 10-4) Luminosity = 2 x 1032 cm-2s-1

High resolution mode (Δpp ~ 10-5 ) Luminosity = 1031 cm-2s-1

PAX synchroton (N=3 x 1011 pbar) Preserve polarization Luminosity = 2 x 1030 cm-2s-1

The Antiproton FacilityThe Antiproton Facility

bullAntiproton production similar to CERN

bullProduction rate 107sec at 30 GeV

SuperFRS

NESR

CR

Beam Cooling e- andor stochastic

SIS100300

Spin Workshop 05 Dubna M Contalbrigo - INFN Ferrara 26

OutlineOutlinebull Introduction

ndash Physics Casendash The FAIR project

bull PAX Accelerator Setupndash Stagingndash Antiproton Polarizer Ringndash Asymmetric Antiproton-Proton Collider

bull Experimentndash Conceptual Detector Designndash Preliminary Results for Drell-Yan Studiesndash Rate estimates

Spin Workshop 05 Dubna M Contalbrigo - INFN Ferrara 27

PAX Accelerator SetupPAX Accelerator Setup

In the following focus on two issuesbull Antiproton Polarizer Ring (APR)bull Asymmetric Antiproton-Proton Collider

Spin Workshop 05 Dubna M Contalbrigo - INFN Ferrara 28

Staging Staging Phase I (PAXCSR)Phase I (PAXCSR)

Physics EMFFpbar-p elastic

Experiment polunpol pbar on internal polarized target

Independent from HESR running

Spin Workshop 05 Dubna M Contalbrigo - INFN Ferrara 29

Staging Staging Phase II (PAXHESR)Phase II (PAXHESR)

EXPERIMENT1 Asymmetric collider polarized antiprotons in HESR (p=15 GeVc)

polarized protons in CSR (p=35 GeVc)2 Internal polarized target with 22 GeVc polarized antiproton

beam

Physics Transversity

Second IP with minor interference with PANDA

Spin Workshop 05 Dubna M Contalbrigo - INFN Ferrara 30

OutlineOutlinebull Introduction

ndash Physics Casendash The FAIR project

bull PAX Accelerator Setupndash Stagingndash Antiproton Polarizer Ringndash Asymmetric Antiproton-Proton Collider

bull Experimentndash Conceptual Detector Designndash Preliminary Results for Drell-Yan Studiesndash Rate estimates

Spin Workshop 05 Dubna M Contalbrigo - INFN Ferrara 31

Principle of spin filter methodPrinciple of spin filter method

P beam polarizationQ target polarizationk || beam direction

σtot = σ0 + σmiddotPmiddotQ + σ||middot(Pmiddotk)(Qmiddotk)

transverse case

Q0tot

longitudinal case

Q)( ||0tot

For initially equally populated spin states (m=+frac12) and (m=-frac12)

Unpolarized anti-p beam

Polarized H target

Spin Workshop 05 Dubna M Contalbrigo - INFN Ferrara 32

The HERMES targetThe HERMES target

Atomic Beam SourceNIM A 505 (2003) 633

Pz+ = |1gt + |4gt

Pz- = |2gt + |3gt

mmjj = = ++1212

mmjj = = --1212

mmii=-12=-12

mmii=-12=-12

mmii=+1=+122

mmii=+1=+122

1|1gt|2gt

|3gt|4gt

ee-

pp|1gt

Spin Workshop 05 Dubna M Contalbrigo - INFN Ferrara 33

Performance of Polarized Internal Performance of Polarized Internal TargetsTargets

PT = 0795 0033

HERMES

H Transverse Field (B=297 mT)

HERMES

Dz

Dzz

PT = 0845 plusmn 0028

Longitudinal Field (B=335 mT)

HERMES Stored Positrons PINTEX Stored Protons

H

Fast reorientation in a weak field (xyz)

Targets work very reliably (months of stable operation)

Spin Workshop 05 Dubna M Contalbrigo - INFN Ferrara 34

Exploitation of Spin TransferExploitation of Spin Transfer

PAX will employ spin-filter from internal polarized hydrogen

target to antiprotons

Hydrogen gas target in strong field (300 mT)

F Rathmann et al PRL 71 1379 (1993)

Low energy pp scattering 1lt0 tot+lttot-

Expectation

Target Beam

FILTEX ResultsFILTEX Results

Spin Workshop 05 Dubna M Contalbrigo - INFN Ferrara 35

Puzzle from FILTEX TestPuzzle from FILTEX TestObserved polarization build-up dPdt = plusmn (124 plusmn 006) x 10-2 h-1

Expected build-up P(t)=tanh(tτpol)

1τpol=σ1Qdtf=24x10-2 h-1

about factor 2 larger

σ1 = 122 mb (pp phase shifts)Q = 083 plusmn 003dt = (56 plusmn 03) x 1013cm-2

f = 1177 MHz

Three distinct effects (measured 1=69 mb)

1 Selective removal through scattering beyond Ψacc=44 mrad σR=83 mb

2 Small angle scattering of target protons into ring acceptance σS=52 mb

3 Spin transfer from polarized electrons of the target atoms to the stored protons

σEM=70 mb (-) Horowitz amp Meyer PRL 72 3981 (1994)

HO Meyer PRE 50 1485 (1994)

Spin Workshop 05 Dubna M Contalbrigo - INFN Ferrara 36

01

02

03

04

Beam

Pola

riza

tion

P(2

middotτbeam)

10 T (MeV)100

EM only

5

10

30

20

40

Ψacc=50 mrad

0

1

Filter Test T = 23 MeV Ψacc= 44 mrad

Beam PolarizationBeam Polarization (Electromagnetic Interaction)(Electromagnetic Interaction)

Spin Workshop 05 Dubna M Contalbrigo - INFN Ferrara 37

Beam Polarization Beam Polarization (Hadronic Interaction Longitudinal Case)(Hadronic Interaction Longitudinal Case)

Experimental Tests requiredbullEM effect needs protons only (COSY)bullFinal Design of APR Filter test with p at AD (CERN)

Model D V Mull K Holinde Phys Rev C 51 2360 (1995)

Model A T Hippchen et al Phys Rev C 44 1323 (1991)

50 100 150 200 250 T (MeV) 50 100 150 200 T (MeV)

005

010

015

020

P

005

010

015

020

P

2 beam lifetimesΨacc=10-50 mrad

3 beam lifetimesΨacc=20 mrad

Spin Workshop 05 Dubna M Contalbrigo - INFN Ferrara 38

SMILESMILE SSpin pin MMeasurements easurements

in in IInteractions at nteractions at LLow ow EEnergy nergy

bull Study of spin-filtering process

bull Electromagnetic interaction unpolarized protons on polarized internal target at COSY

bull Hadronic interaction unpolarized antiprotons on polarized internal target at AD (CERN)

From COSY to FAIRhellipFrom COSY to FAIRhellip

Spin Workshop 05 Dubna M Contalbrigo - INFN Ferrara 39

OutlineOutlinebull Introduction

ndash Physics Casendash The FAIR project

bull PAX Accelerator Setupndash Stagingndash Antiproton Polarizer Ringndash Asymmetric Antiproton-Proton Collider

bull Experimentndash Conceptual Detector Designndash Preliminary Results for Drell-Yan Studiesndash Rate estimates

Spin Workshop 05 Dubna M Contalbrigo - INFN Ferrara 40

RINGS SETUP RINGS SETUP

asymmetric collider L = 2∙1030 cm-2s-1

Spin Workshop 05 Dubna M Contalbrigo - INFN Ferrara 41

OutlineOutlinebull Introduction

ndash Physics Casendash The FAIR project

bull PAX Accelerator Setupndash Stagingndash Antiproton Polarizer Ringndash Asymmetric Antiproton-Proton Collider

bull Experimentndash Conceptual Detector Designndash Preliminary Results for Drell-Yan Studiesndash Rate estimates

Spin Workshop 05 Dubna M Contalbrigo - INFN Ferrara 42

PAX Detector Concept PAX Detector Concept

Physics h1 distribution sin2 EMFF sin2

pbar-p elastic high |t|

Magnet Keeps beam polarization vertical Compatible with Cerenkov Compatible with polarized target

Detector Extremely rare DY signal (10-7 p-pbar) Maximum Bjorken-x coverage (M interval) Excellent PID (hadrone rejection ~ 104) High mass resolution (le2 )

Moderate lepton energies (05-5 GeV)

Azimuthally SymmetricBARREL GEOMETRY

LARGE ANGLES

Experiment Flexible Facility

TOROIDNO FRINGE FIELD

e+e-

Spin Workshop 05 Dubna M Contalbrigo - INFN Ferrara 43

PAX Detector Concept PAX Detector Concept

Designed for Collider but compatible with fixed target

Cerenkov(200 m)

(20 m)

GEANT simulation

Spin Workshop 05 Dubna M Contalbrigo - INFN Ferrara 44

OutlineOutlinebull Introduction

ndash Physics Casendash The FAIR project

bull PAX Accelerator Setupndash Stagingndash Antiproton Polarizer Ringndash Asymmetric Antiproton-Proton Collider

bull Experimentndash Conceptual Detector Designndash Preliminary Results for Drell-Yan Studiesndash Rate estimates

Spin Workshop 05 Dubna M Contalbrigo - INFN Ferrara 45

-p Phase Space-p Phase Space

Background peaks at low energy forward direction

acceptance

Spin Workshop 05 Dubna M Contalbrigo - INFN Ferrara 46

Background to Drell-Yan eBackground to Drell-Yan e++ee--

frac12 hour experiment 2∙108 p-pbar interactions several DY events

combinatorial+charm bckg

Background 11 to signal after PID Egt300 MeV conversion veto mass cut the combinatorial component can be subtracted (wrong-sign control sample) the charm can be reduced (vertex decay)

+-++ amp --

Spin Workshop 05 Dubna M Contalbrigo - INFN Ferrara 47

-p Phase Space-p Phase Space

Vertex resolution high enoughto study charm background

Better than 2 mass resol x dependence of h1

resonance vs continuum

Mandatory to study M below Jψ mass

Spin Workshop 05 Dubna M Contalbrigo - INFN Ferrara 48

OutlineOutlinebull Introduction

ndash Physics Casendash The FAIR project

bull PAX Accelerator Setupndash Stagingndash Antiproton Polarizer Ringndash Asymmetric Antiproton-Proton Collider

bull Experimentndash Conceptual Detector Designndash Preliminary Results for Drell-Yan Studiesndash Rate estimates

Spin Workshop 05 Dubna M Contalbrigo - INFN Ferrara 49

10 precision on the h1u (x) in the valence region

1 year of data taking at 15+35 GeV collider L = 2∙1030 cm-2s-1

Precision in hPrecision in h11 measurement measurement

Spin Workshop 05 Dubna M Contalbrigo - INFN Ferrara 50

Summary

bull PAX project has an innovative spin physics program transversity SSA EMFF hard p-pbar scatterings

bull A method to obtain an antiproton beam with high degree of polarization has to be optimized (APR)

bull PAX viable accelerator setup provides fexible 2nd IP really matched to the physics items lots of interesting QCD physics in PAX Phase-I asymmetric collider ideal to map transversity (Phase-II)

Spin Workshop 05 Dubna M Contalbrigo - INFN Ferrara 51

Background to Drell-Yan eBackground to Drell-Yan e++ee--

frac12 hour experiment 2∙108 p-pbar interactions several DY events

combinatorial+charm bckg

Background 11 to signal after PID Egt300 MeV conversion veto mass cut the combinatorial component can be subtracted (wrong-sign control sample) the charm can be reduced (vertex decay)

+-++ amp --

Spin Workshop 05 Dubna M Contalbrigo - INFN Ferrara 52

PAX Integrated Luminosities for Physics PAX Integrated Luminosities for Physics CasesCases

pb-1

fb-1

Inte

gra

ted

Lu

min

osi

ty

EMFF DSA s=376 GeV2

ppbar elastic DSA t=4 GeV2

Phase-I L=151031 cm-2s-1

Antiproton Beam Polarization Ppbar=03 Proton Polarization Pp=08

Phase-II L=21030 cm-2s-1

EMFF DSA s=9 GeV2

Absolute Error ΔDSA=005

h1 DSA Mgt2 GeV Δ=10

h1 DSA Mgt4 GeV Δ=20

(1 y)

(4 y)(1 y)

Spin Workshop 05 Dubna M Contalbrigo - INFN Ferrara 53

q q

q qqqqq

TTTT xqxqxqxqe

xhxhxhxheaA

)()()()(

)()()()(ˆ

dd

dd

21212

211121112

Barone Calarco Drago

Martin Schaumlfer Stratmann Vogelsang

h1 from p-p Drell-Yan at RICHU70

h1q (x Q2) small and with much slower evolution than

Δq(x Q2) and q(x Q2) at small x

h1q (x Q2)- h1q (x Q2)ne

RHIC τ=x1x2~10-3 rarr sea quarks (ATT very small ~ 001 )

3102 RICH energies 22 GeV 100 GeV 200 Ms

  • PAX Polarized Antiproton eXperiments
  • PAX Collaboration
  • Slide 3
  • Outline
  • Slide 5
  • Slide 6
  • Slide 7
  • Slide 8
  • Slide 9
  • Slide 10
  • Slide 11
  • Slide 12
  • Slide 13
  • Slide 14
  • Slide 15
  • Slide 16
  • Slide 17
  • Slide 18
  • pp Elastic Scattering from ZGS
  • Slide 20
  • Proton Electromagnetic Formfactors
  • Slide 22
  • Slide 23
  • Slide 24
  • Slide 25
  • Slide 26
  • PAX Accelerator Setup
  • Slide 28
  • Slide 29
  • Slide 30
  • Slide 31
  • Slide 32
  • Slide 33
  • Slide 34
  • Slide 35
  • Slide 36
  • Slide 37
  • SMILE Spin Measurements in Interactions at Low Energy
  • Slide 39
  • Slide 40
  • Slide 41
  • Slide 42
  • Slide 43
  • Slide 44
  • Slide 45
  • Slide 46
  • Slide 47
  • Slide 48
  • Slide 49
  • Summary
  • Slide 51
  • PAX Integrated Luminosities for Physics Cases
  • Slide 53
Page 10: PAX Polarized Antiproton eXperiments

Spin Workshop 05 Dubna M Contalbrigo - INFN Ferrara 10

h1 from pbar-p Drell-Yan at GSI

Similar predictions by Efremov et al

Eur Phys J C35 207 (2004)

PAX s=x1x2~01-03 rarr valence quarks (ATT large ~ 02-04 )

)()(

)()(ˆ

)()()()(

)()()()(ˆ

21

2111

21212

211121112

xuxu

xhxha

xqxqxqxqe

xhxhxhxheaA uu

TT

q q

q qqqqq

TTTT

Anselmino et al PLB 59497

(2004)

Spin Workshop 05 Dubna M Contalbrigo - INFN Ferrara 11

Kinematics for Drell-Yan processes

QCD corrections might be very large at smaller values of M for cross-sections not for ATT K-factor almost

spin-independent H Shimizu G Sterman W Vogelsang and H Yokoya hep-ph0503270

V Barone et al in preparation

Fermilab E866 800 GeVc

CERN NA51 450 GeVc

safe region

JMM

s

M J 2

Usually taken as

Q2gt4 GeV2

Spin Workshop 05 Dubna M Contalbrigo - INFN Ferrara 12

s=45 GeV2 s=210 GeV2

s=45 GeV2s=210 GeV2

Cross-section

Asymmetry

Spin Workshop 05 Dubna M Contalbrigo - INFN Ferrara 13

Physics with polarized antiprotons at GSI-PAX

Transversity via Drell-Yan processes

TTA direct access to transversity

Transverse Single Spin Asymmetries

QCD ldquotheoremrdquo (Sivers)D-Y = ndash (Sivers)DISNA

Time-like elm form factors

llpp form factors

Elastic processes

SLSSLLNNN AAA AA spin mysteries like in pp

High Energy

Low Energy

Spin Workshop 05 Dubna M Contalbrigo - INFN Ferrara 14

Single Spin Asymmetries (and their partonic

origin)

pq

Pq

π

kCollins effect = fragmentation of polarized quark

depends on Pqmiddot (pq x k)

P

pk

Sivers effect = number of partons in polarized

proton depends on P middot (p x k)

q

pk

Boer-Mulders effect = polarization of partons in

unpolarized proton depends on Pq middot (p x k)

qPq

Collins chiral-odd

Sivers chiral-even

Boer-Mulders chiral-odd

These effects may generate SSA

d d

d dNA

Spin Workshop 05 Dubna M Contalbrigo - INFN Ferrara 15

BNL-AGS radics = 66 GeV 06 lt pT lt 12 puarrp

E704 radics = 20 GeV 07 lt pT lt 20 puarrp

STAR-RHIC radics = 200 GeV 11 lt pT lt 25 puarrp

E704 radics = 20 GeV 07 lt pT lt 20 puarrp

SSA pp rarr πX

Spin Workshop 05 Dubna M Contalbrigo - INFN Ferrara 16

SSA SIDIS

Collins Sivers HERMES

Spin Workshop 05 Dubna M Contalbrigo - INFN Ferrara 17

SSA SIDIS

COMPASS

Spin Workshop 05 Dubna M Contalbrigo - INFN Ferrara 18

Physics with polarized antiprotons at GSI-PAX

Transversity via Drell-Yan processes

TTA direct access to transversity

Transverse Single Spin Asymmetries

QCD ldquotheoremrdquo (Sivers)D-Y = ndash (Sivers)DISNA

Time-like elm form factors

llpp form factors

Elastic processes

SLSSLLNNN AAA AA spin mysteries like in pp

High Energy

Low Energy

Spin Workshop 05 Dubna M Contalbrigo - INFN Ferrara 19

pp Elastic Scattering from ZGSpp Elastic Scattering from ZGS

Spin-dependence at large-PSpin-dependence at large-P (90deg90degcmcm))

Hard scattering takes Hard scattering takes place only with spins place only with spins

DG Crabb et al PRL 41 1257 (1978)

T=1085 GeV

Similar studies in pp elastic scattering

Spin Workshop 05 Dubna M Contalbrigo - INFN Ferrara 20

Physics with polarized antiprotons at GSI-PAX

Transversity via Drell-Yan processes

TTA direct access to transversity

Transverse Single Spin Asymmetries

QCD ldquotheoremrdquo (Sivers)D-Y = ndash (Sivers)DISNA

Time-like elm form factors

llpp form factors

Elastic processes

SLSSLLNNN AAA AA spin mysteries like in pp

High Energy

Low Energy

Spin Workshop 05 Dubna M Contalbrigo - INFN Ferrara 21

(Phys RevC 68 (2003) 034325)

JLab PT data

SLAC RS data

TWO DIFFERENTS METHODS

TWO DIFFERENTS RESULTS

COMPARISON BETWEEN

ROSENBLUTH SEPARATION AND

POLARIZATION TRANSFER TECNIQUES

Proton Electromagnetic Proton Electromagnetic Formfactors Formfactors

Spin Workshop 05 Dubna M Contalbrigo - INFN Ferrara 22

Proton Electromagnetic Proton Electromagnetic Formfactors Formfactors

bull Single-spin asymmetry in pp rarr e+e-

ndash Measurement of relative phases of magnetic and electric FF in the time-like region

bull Double-spin asymmetry in pp rarr e+e-

ndash independent GE-Gm separation

ndash test of Rosenbluth separation in the time-like region

2

p2

2E

22M

2M

E

y

m4q

|G|)(sin|G|)(cos1

)GGIm()2sin(A

S Brodsky et al Phys Rev D69 (2004)

Spin Workshop 05 Dubna M Contalbrigo - INFN Ferrara 23

OutlineOutlinebull Introduction

ndash Physics Casendash The FAIR project

bull PAX Accelerator Setupndash Stagingndash Antiproton Polarizer Ringndash Asymmetric Antiproton-Proton Collider

bull Experimentndash Conceptual Detector Designndash Preliminary Results for Drell-Yan Studiesndash Rate estimates

Spin Workshop 05 Dubna M Contalbrigo - INFN Ferrara 24

Facilty for Antiproton and Ion Research (GSI Darmstadt Germany)

-Proton linac (injector)-2 synchrotons (30 GeV p)-A number of storage rings Parallel beams operation

Spin Workshop 05 Dubna M Contalbrigo - INFN Ferrara 25

HESR

Antiproton Production

Target

HESR (High Energy Storage Ring) p = 15 - 15 GeVc (22 GeVc) (Length 442 m Bρ = 50 Tm)

PANDA storage ring (N=5 x 1010

pbar)

High luminosity mode (Δpp ~ 10-4) Luminosity = 2 x 1032 cm-2s-1

High resolution mode (Δpp ~ 10-5 ) Luminosity = 1031 cm-2s-1

PAX synchroton (N=3 x 1011 pbar) Preserve polarization Luminosity = 2 x 1030 cm-2s-1

The Antiproton FacilityThe Antiproton Facility

bullAntiproton production similar to CERN

bullProduction rate 107sec at 30 GeV

SuperFRS

NESR

CR

Beam Cooling e- andor stochastic

SIS100300

Spin Workshop 05 Dubna M Contalbrigo - INFN Ferrara 26

OutlineOutlinebull Introduction

ndash Physics Casendash The FAIR project

bull PAX Accelerator Setupndash Stagingndash Antiproton Polarizer Ringndash Asymmetric Antiproton-Proton Collider

bull Experimentndash Conceptual Detector Designndash Preliminary Results for Drell-Yan Studiesndash Rate estimates

Spin Workshop 05 Dubna M Contalbrigo - INFN Ferrara 27

PAX Accelerator SetupPAX Accelerator Setup

In the following focus on two issuesbull Antiproton Polarizer Ring (APR)bull Asymmetric Antiproton-Proton Collider

Spin Workshop 05 Dubna M Contalbrigo - INFN Ferrara 28

Staging Staging Phase I (PAXCSR)Phase I (PAXCSR)

Physics EMFFpbar-p elastic

Experiment polunpol pbar on internal polarized target

Independent from HESR running

Spin Workshop 05 Dubna M Contalbrigo - INFN Ferrara 29

Staging Staging Phase II (PAXHESR)Phase II (PAXHESR)

EXPERIMENT1 Asymmetric collider polarized antiprotons in HESR (p=15 GeVc)

polarized protons in CSR (p=35 GeVc)2 Internal polarized target with 22 GeVc polarized antiproton

beam

Physics Transversity

Second IP with minor interference with PANDA

Spin Workshop 05 Dubna M Contalbrigo - INFN Ferrara 30

OutlineOutlinebull Introduction

ndash Physics Casendash The FAIR project

bull PAX Accelerator Setupndash Stagingndash Antiproton Polarizer Ringndash Asymmetric Antiproton-Proton Collider

bull Experimentndash Conceptual Detector Designndash Preliminary Results for Drell-Yan Studiesndash Rate estimates

Spin Workshop 05 Dubna M Contalbrigo - INFN Ferrara 31

Principle of spin filter methodPrinciple of spin filter method

P beam polarizationQ target polarizationk || beam direction

σtot = σ0 + σmiddotPmiddotQ + σ||middot(Pmiddotk)(Qmiddotk)

transverse case

Q0tot

longitudinal case

Q)( ||0tot

For initially equally populated spin states (m=+frac12) and (m=-frac12)

Unpolarized anti-p beam

Polarized H target

Spin Workshop 05 Dubna M Contalbrigo - INFN Ferrara 32

The HERMES targetThe HERMES target

Atomic Beam SourceNIM A 505 (2003) 633

Pz+ = |1gt + |4gt

Pz- = |2gt + |3gt

mmjj = = ++1212

mmjj = = --1212

mmii=-12=-12

mmii=-12=-12

mmii=+1=+122

mmii=+1=+122

1|1gt|2gt

|3gt|4gt

ee-

pp|1gt

Spin Workshop 05 Dubna M Contalbrigo - INFN Ferrara 33

Performance of Polarized Internal Performance of Polarized Internal TargetsTargets

PT = 0795 0033

HERMES

H Transverse Field (B=297 mT)

HERMES

Dz

Dzz

PT = 0845 plusmn 0028

Longitudinal Field (B=335 mT)

HERMES Stored Positrons PINTEX Stored Protons

H

Fast reorientation in a weak field (xyz)

Targets work very reliably (months of stable operation)

Spin Workshop 05 Dubna M Contalbrigo - INFN Ferrara 34

Exploitation of Spin TransferExploitation of Spin Transfer

PAX will employ spin-filter from internal polarized hydrogen

target to antiprotons

Hydrogen gas target in strong field (300 mT)

F Rathmann et al PRL 71 1379 (1993)

Low energy pp scattering 1lt0 tot+lttot-

Expectation

Target Beam

FILTEX ResultsFILTEX Results

Spin Workshop 05 Dubna M Contalbrigo - INFN Ferrara 35

Puzzle from FILTEX TestPuzzle from FILTEX TestObserved polarization build-up dPdt = plusmn (124 plusmn 006) x 10-2 h-1

Expected build-up P(t)=tanh(tτpol)

1τpol=σ1Qdtf=24x10-2 h-1

about factor 2 larger

σ1 = 122 mb (pp phase shifts)Q = 083 plusmn 003dt = (56 plusmn 03) x 1013cm-2

f = 1177 MHz

Three distinct effects (measured 1=69 mb)

1 Selective removal through scattering beyond Ψacc=44 mrad σR=83 mb

2 Small angle scattering of target protons into ring acceptance σS=52 mb

3 Spin transfer from polarized electrons of the target atoms to the stored protons

σEM=70 mb (-) Horowitz amp Meyer PRL 72 3981 (1994)

HO Meyer PRE 50 1485 (1994)

Spin Workshop 05 Dubna M Contalbrigo - INFN Ferrara 36

01

02

03

04

Beam

Pola

riza

tion

P(2

middotτbeam)

10 T (MeV)100

EM only

5

10

30

20

40

Ψacc=50 mrad

0

1

Filter Test T = 23 MeV Ψacc= 44 mrad

Beam PolarizationBeam Polarization (Electromagnetic Interaction)(Electromagnetic Interaction)

Spin Workshop 05 Dubna M Contalbrigo - INFN Ferrara 37

Beam Polarization Beam Polarization (Hadronic Interaction Longitudinal Case)(Hadronic Interaction Longitudinal Case)

Experimental Tests requiredbullEM effect needs protons only (COSY)bullFinal Design of APR Filter test with p at AD (CERN)

Model D V Mull K Holinde Phys Rev C 51 2360 (1995)

Model A T Hippchen et al Phys Rev C 44 1323 (1991)

50 100 150 200 250 T (MeV) 50 100 150 200 T (MeV)

005

010

015

020

P

005

010

015

020

P

2 beam lifetimesΨacc=10-50 mrad

3 beam lifetimesΨacc=20 mrad

Spin Workshop 05 Dubna M Contalbrigo - INFN Ferrara 38

SMILESMILE SSpin pin MMeasurements easurements

in in IInteractions at nteractions at LLow ow EEnergy nergy

bull Study of spin-filtering process

bull Electromagnetic interaction unpolarized protons on polarized internal target at COSY

bull Hadronic interaction unpolarized antiprotons on polarized internal target at AD (CERN)

From COSY to FAIRhellipFrom COSY to FAIRhellip

Spin Workshop 05 Dubna M Contalbrigo - INFN Ferrara 39

OutlineOutlinebull Introduction

ndash Physics Casendash The FAIR project

bull PAX Accelerator Setupndash Stagingndash Antiproton Polarizer Ringndash Asymmetric Antiproton-Proton Collider

bull Experimentndash Conceptual Detector Designndash Preliminary Results for Drell-Yan Studiesndash Rate estimates

Spin Workshop 05 Dubna M Contalbrigo - INFN Ferrara 40

RINGS SETUP RINGS SETUP

asymmetric collider L = 2∙1030 cm-2s-1

Spin Workshop 05 Dubna M Contalbrigo - INFN Ferrara 41

OutlineOutlinebull Introduction

ndash Physics Casendash The FAIR project

bull PAX Accelerator Setupndash Stagingndash Antiproton Polarizer Ringndash Asymmetric Antiproton-Proton Collider

bull Experimentndash Conceptual Detector Designndash Preliminary Results for Drell-Yan Studiesndash Rate estimates

Spin Workshop 05 Dubna M Contalbrigo - INFN Ferrara 42

PAX Detector Concept PAX Detector Concept

Physics h1 distribution sin2 EMFF sin2

pbar-p elastic high |t|

Magnet Keeps beam polarization vertical Compatible with Cerenkov Compatible with polarized target

Detector Extremely rare DY signal (10-7 p-pbar) Maximum Bjorken-x coverage (M interval) Excellent PID (hadrone rejection ~ 104) High mass resolution (le2 )

Moderate lepton energies (05-5 GeV)

Azimuthally SymmetricBARREL GEOMETRY

LARGE ANGLES

Experiment Flexible Facility

TOROIDNO FRINGE FIELD

e+e-

Spin Workshop 05 Dubna M Contalbrigo - INFN Ferrara 43

PAX Detector Concept PAX Detector Concept

Designed for Collider but compatible with fixed target

Cerenkov(200 m)

(20 m)

GEANT simulation

Spin Workshop 05 Dubna M Contalbrigo - INFN Ferrara 44

OutlineOutlinebull Introduction

ndash Physics Casendash The FAIR project

bull PAX Accelerator Setupndash Stagingndash Antiproton Polarizer Ringndash Asymmetric Antiproton-Proton Collider

bull Experimentndash Conceptual Detector Designndash Preliminary Results for Drell-Yan Studiesndash Rate estimates

Spin Workshop 05 Dubna M Contalbrigo - INFN Ferrara 45

-p Phase Space-p Phase Space

Background peaks at low energy forward direction

acceptance

Spin Workshop 05 Dubna M Contalbrigo - INFN Ferrara 46

Background to Drell-Yan eBackground to Drell-Yan e++ee--

frac12 hour experiment 2∙108 p-pbar interactions several DY events

combinatorial+charm bckg

Background 11 to signal after PID Egt300 MeV conversion veto mass cut the combinatorial component can be subtracted (wrong-sign control sample) the charm can be reduced (vertex decay)

+-++ amp --

Spin Workshop 05 Dubna M Contalbrigo - INFN Ferrara 47

-p Phase Space-p Phase Space

Vertex resolution high enoughto study charm background

Better than 2 mass resol x dependence of h1

resonance vs continuum

Mandatory to study M below Jψ mass

Spin Workshop 05 Dubna M Contalbrigo - INFN Ferrara 48

OutlineOutlinebull Introduction

ndash Physics Casendash The FAIR project

bull PAX Accelerator Setupndash Stagingndash Antiproton Polarizer Ringndash Asymmetric Antiproton-Proton Collider

bull Experimentndash Conceptual Detector Designndash Preliminary Results for Drell-Yan Studiesndash Rate estimates

Spin Workshop 05 Dubna M Contalbrigo - INFN Ferrara 49

10 precision on the h1u (x) in the valence region

1 year of data taking at 15+35 GeV collider L = 2∙1030 cm-2s-1

Precision in hPrecision in h11 measurement measurement

Spin Workshop 05 Dubna M Contalbrigo - INFN Ferrara 50

Summary

bull PAX project has an innovative spin physics program transversity SSA EMFF hard p-pbar scatterings

bull A method to obtain an antiproton beam with high degree of polarization has to be optimized (APR)

bull PAX viable accelerator setup provides fexible 2nd IP really matched to the physics items lots of interesting QCD physics in PAX Phase-I asymmetric collider ideal to map transversity (Phase-II)

Spin Workshop 05 Dubna M Contalbrigo - INFN Ferrara 51

Background to Drell-Yan eBackground to Drell-Yan e++ee--

frac12 hour experiment 2∙108 p-pbar interactions several DY events

combinatorial+charm bckg

Background 11 to signal after PID Egt300 MeV conversion veto mass cut the combinatorial component can be subtracted (wrong-sign control sample) the charm can be reduced (vertex decay)

+-++ amp --

Spin Workshop 05 Dubna M Contalbrigo - INFN Ferrara 52

PAX Integrated Luminosities for Physics PAX Integrated Luminosities for Physics CasesCases

pb-1

fb-1

Inte

gra

ted

Lu

min

osi

ty

EMFF DSA s=376 GeV2

ppbar elastic DSA t=4 GeV2

Phase-I L=151031 cm-2s-1

Antiproton Beam Polarization Ppbar=03 Proton Polarization Pp=08

Phase-II L=21030 cm-2s-1

EMFF DSA s=9 GeV2

Absolute Error ΔDSA=005

h1 DSA Mgt2 GeV Δ=10

h1 DSA Mgt4 GeV Δ=20

(1 y)

(4 y)(1 y)

Spin Workshop 05 Dubna M Contalbrigo - INFN Ferrara 53

q q

q qqqqq

TTTT xqxqxqxqe

xhxhxhxheaA

)()()()(

)()()()(ˆ

dd

dd

21212

211121112

Barone Calarco Drago

Martin Schaumlfer Stratmann Vogelsang

h1 from p-p Drell-Yan at RICHU70

h1q (x Q2) small and with much slower evolution than

Δq(x Q2) and q(x Q2) at small x

h1q (x Q2)- h1q (x Q2)ne

RHIC τ=x1x2~10-3 rarr sea quarks (ATT very small ~ 001 )

3102 RICH energies 22 GeV 100 GeV 200 Ms

  • PAX Polarized Antiproton eXperiments
  • PAX Collaboration
  • Slide 3
  • Outline
  • Slide 5
  • Slide 6
  • Slide 7
  • Slide 8
  • Slide 9
  • Slide 10
  • Slide 11
  • Slide 12
  • Slide 13
  • Slide 14
  • Slide 15
  • Slide 16
  • Slide 17
  • Slide 18
  • pp Elastic Scattering from ZGS
  • Slide 20
  • Proton Electromagnetic Formfactors
  • Slide 22
  • Slide 23
  • Slide 24
  • Slide 25
  • Slide 26
  • PAX Accelerator Setup
  • Slide 28
  • Slide 29
  • Slide 30
  • Slide 31
  • Slide 32
  • Slide 33
  • Slide 34
  • Slide 35
  • Slide 36
  • Slide 37
  • SMILE Spin Measurements in Interactions at Low Energy
  • Slide 39
  • Slide 40
  • Slide 41
  • Slide 42
  • Slide 43
  • Slide 44
  • Slide 45
  • Slide 46
  • Slide 47
  • Slide 48
  • Slide 49
  • Summary
  • Slide 51
  • PAX Integrated Luminosities for Physics Cases
  • Slide 53
Page 11: PAX Polarized Antiproton eXperiments

Spin Workshop 05 Dubna M Contalbrigo - INFN Ferrara 11

Kinematics for Drell-Yan processes

QCD corrections might be very large at smaller values of M for cross-sections not for ATT K-factor almost

spin-independent H Shimizu G Sterman W Vogelsang and H Yokoya hep-ph0503270

V Barone et al in preparation

Fermilab E866 800 GeVc

CERN NA51 450 GeVc

safe region

JMM

s

M J 2

Usually taken as

Q2gt4 GeV2

Spin Workshop 05 Dubna M Contalbrigo - INFN Ferrara 12

s=45 GeV2 s=210 GeV2

s=45 GeV2s=210 GeV2

Cross-section

Asymmetry

Spin Workshop 05 Dubna M Contalbrigo - INFN Ferrara 13

Physics with polarized antiprotons at GSI-PAX

Transversity via Drell-Yan processes

TTA direct access to transversity

Transverse Single Spin Asymmetries

QCD ldquotheoremrdquo (Sivers)D-Y = ndash (Sivers)DISNA

Time-like elm form factors

llpp form factors

Elastic processes

SLSSLLNNN AAA AA spin mysteries like in pp

High Energy

Low Energy

Spin Workshop 05 Dubna M Contalbrigo - INFN Ferrara 14

Single Spin Asymmetries (and their partonic

origin)

pq

Pq

π

kCollins effect = fragmentation of polarized quark

depends on Pqmiddot (pq x k)

P

pk

Sivers effect = number of partons in polarized

proton depends on P middot (p x k)

q

pk

Boer-Mulders effect = polarization of partons in

unpolarized proton depends on Pq middot (p x k)

qPq

Collins chiral-odd

Sivers chiral-even

Boer-Mulders chiral-odd

These effects may generate SSA

d d

d dNA

Spin Workshop 05 Dubna M Contalbrigo - INFN Ferrara 15

BNL-AGS radics = 66 GeV 06 lt pT lt 12 puarrp

E704 radics = 20 GeV 07 lt pT lt 20 puarrp

STAR-RHIC radics = 200 GeV 11 lt pT lt 25 puarrp

E704 radics = 20 GeV 07 lt pT lt 20 puarrp

SSA pp rarr πX

Spin Workshop 05 Dubna M Contalbrigo - INFN Ferrara 16

SSA SIDIS

Collins Sivers HERMES

Spin Workshop 05 Dubna M Contalbrigo - INFN Ferrara 17

SSA SIDIS

COMPASS

Spin Workshop 05 Dubna M Contalbrigo - INFN Ferrara 18

Physics with polarized antiprotons at GSI-PAX

Transversity via Drell-Yan processes

TTA direct access to transversity

Transverse Single Spin Asymmetries

QCD ldquotheoremrdquo (Sivers)D-Y = ndash (Sivers)DISNA

Time-like elm form factors

llpp form factors

Elastic processes

SLSSLLNNN AAA AA spin mysteries like in pp

High Energy

Low Energy

Spin Workshop 05 Dubna M Contalbrigo - INFN Ferrara 19

pp Elastic Scattering from ZGSpp Elastic Scattering from ZGS

Spin-dependence at large-PSpin-dependence at large-P (90deg90degcmcm))

Hard scattering takes Hard scattering takes place only with spins place only with spins

DG Crabb et al PRL 41 1257 (1978)

T=1085 GeV

Similar studies in pp elastic scattering

Spin Workshop 05 Dubna M Contalbrigo - INFN Ferrara 20

Physics with polarized antiprotons at GSI-PAX

Transversity via Drell-Yan processes

TTA direct access to transversity

Transverse Single Spin Asymmetries

QCD ldquotheoremrdquo (Sivers)D-Y = ndash (Sivers)DISNA

Time-like elm form factors

llpp form factors

Elastic processes

SLSSLLNNN AAA AA spin mysteries like in pp

High Energy

Low Energy

Spin Workshop 05 Dubna M Contalbrigo - INFN Ferrara 21

(Phys RevC 68 (2003) 034325)

JLab PT data

SLAC RS data

TWO DIFFERENTS METHODS

TWO DIFFERENTS RESULTS

COMPARISON BETWEEN

ROSENBLUTH SEPARATION AND

POLARIZATION TRANSFER TECNIQUES

Proton Electromagnetic Proton Electromagnetic Formfactors Formfactors

Spin Workshop 05 Dubna M Contalbrigo - INFN Ferrara 22

Proton Electromagnetic Proton Electromagnetic Formfactors Formfactors

bull Single-spin asymmetry in pp rarr e+e-

ndash Measurement of relative phases of magnetic and electric FF in the time-like region

bull Double-spin asymmetry in pp rarr e+e-

ndash independent GE-Gm separation

ndash test of Rosenbluth separation in the time-like region

2

p2

2E

22M

2M

E

y

m4q

|G|)(sin|G|)(cos1

)GGIm()2sin(A

S Brodsky et al Phys Rev D69 (2004)

Spin Workshop 05 Dubna M Contalbrigo - INFN Ferrara 23

OutlineOutlinebull Introduction

ndash Physics Casendash The FAIR project

bull PAX Accelerator Setupndash Stagingndash Antiproton Polarizer Ringndash Asymmetric Antiproton-Proton Collider

bull Experimentndash Conceptual Detector Designndash Preliminary Results for Drell-Yan Studiesndash Rate estimates

Spin Workshop 05 Dubna M Contalbrigo - INFN Ferrara 24

Facilty for Antiproton and Ion Research (GSI Darmstadt Germany)

-Proton linac (injector)-2 synchrotons (30 GeV p)-A number of storage rings Parallel beams operation

Spin Workshop 05 Dubna M Contalbrigo - INFN Ferrara 25

HESR

Antiproton Production

Target

HESR (High Energy Storage Ring) p = 15 - 15 GeVc (22 GeVc) (Length 442 m Bρ = 50 Tm)

PANDA storage ring (N=5 x 1010

pbar)

High luminosity mode (Δpp ~ 10-4) Luminosity = 2 x 1032 cm-2s-1

High resolution mode (Δpp ~ 10-5 ) Luminosity = 1031 cm-2s-1

PAX synchroton (N=3 x 1011 pbar) Preserve polarization Luminosity = 2 x 1030 cm-2s-1

The Antiproton FacilityThe Antiproton Facility

bullAntiproton production similar to CERN

bullProduction rate 107sec at 30 GeV

SuperFRS

NESR

CR

Beam Cooling e- andor stochastic

SIS100300

Spin Workshop 05 Dubna M Contalbrigo - INFN Ferrara 26

OutlineOutlinebull Introduction

ndash Physics Casendash The FAIR project

bull PAX Accelerator Setupndash Stagingndash Antiproton Polarizer Ringndash Asymmetric Antiproton-Proton Collider

bull Experimentndash Conceptual Detector Designndash Preliminary Results for Drell-Yan Studiesndash Rate estimates

Spin Workshop 05 Dubna M Contalbrigo - INFN Ferrara 27

PAX Accelerator SetupPAX Accelerator Setup

In the following focus on two issuesbull Antiproton Polarizer Ring (APR)bull Asymmetric Antiproton-Proton Collider

Spin Workshop 05 Dubna M Contalbrigo - INFN Ferrara 28

Staging Staging Phase I (PAXCSR)Phase I (PAXCSR)

Physics EMFFpbar-p elastic

Experiment polunpol pbar on internal polarized target

Independent from HESR running

Spin Workshop 05 Dubna M Contalbrigo - INFN Ferrara 29

Staging Staging Phase II (PAXHESR)Phase II (PAXHESR)

EXPERIMENT1 Asymmetric collider polarized antiprotons in HESR (p=15 GeVc)

polarized protons in CSR (p=35 GeVc)2 Internal polarized target with 22 GeVc polarized antiproton

beam

Physics Transversity

Second IP with minor interference with PANDA

Spin Workshop 05 Dubna M Contalbrigo - INFN Ferrara 30

OutlineOutlinebull Introduction

ndash Physics Casendash The FAIR project

bull PAX Accelerator Setupndash Stagingndash Antiproton Polarizer Ringndash Asymmetric Antiproton-Proton Collider

bull Experimentndash Conceptual Detector Designndash Preliminary Results for Drell-Yan Studiesndash Rate estimates

Spin Workshop 05 Dubna M Contalbrigo - INFN Ferrara 31

Principle of spin filter methodPrinciple of spin filter method

P beam polarizationQ target polarizationk || beam direction

σtot = σ0 + σmiddotPmiddotQ + σ||middot(Pmiddotk)(Qmiddotk)

transverse case

Q0tot

longitudinal case

Q)( ||0tot

For initially equally populated spin states (m=+frac12) and (m=-frac12)

Unpolarized anti-p beam

Polarized H target

Spin Workshop 05 Dubna M Contalbrigo - INFN Ferrara 32

The HERMES targetThe HERMES target

Atomic Beam SourceNIM A 505 (2003) 633

Pz+ = |1gt + |4gt

Pz- = |2gt + |3gt

mmjj = = ++1212

mmjj = = --1212

mmii=-12=-12

mmii=-12=-12

mmii=+1=+122

mmii=+1=+122

1|1gt|2gt

|3gt|4gt

ee-

pp|1gt

Spin Workshop 05 Dubna M Contalbrigo - INFN Ferrara 33

Performance of Polarized Internal Performance of Polarized Internal TargetsTargets

PT = 0795 0033

HERMES

H Transverse Field (B=297 mT)

HERMES

Dz

Dzz

PT = 0845 plusmn 0028

Longitudinal Field (B=335 mT)

HERMES Stored Positrons PINTEX Stored Protons

H

Fast reorientation in a weak field (xyz)

Targets work very reliably (months of stable operation)

Spin Workshop 05 Dubna M Contalbrigo - INFN Ferrara 34

Exploitation of Spin TransferExploitation of Spin Transfer

PAX will employ spin-filter from internal polarized hydrogen

target to antiprotons

Hydrogen gas target in strong field (300 mT)

F Rathmann et al PRL 71 1379 (1993)

Low energy pp scattering 1lt0 tot+lttot-

Expectation

Target Beam

FILTEX ResultsFILTEX Results

Spin Workshop 05 Dubna M Contalbrigo - INFN Ferrara 35

Puzzle from FILTEX TestPuzzle from FILTEX TestObserved polarization build-up dPdt = plusmn (124 plusmn 006) x 10-2 h-1

Expected build-up P(t)=tanh(tτpol)

1τpol=σ1Qdtf=24x10-2 h-1

about factor 2 larger

σ1 = 122 mb (pp phase shifts)Q = 083 plusmn 003dt = (56 plusmn 03) x 1013cm-2

f = 1177 MHz

Three distinct effects (measured 1=69 mb)

1 Selective removal through scattering beyond Ψacc=44 mrad σR=83 mb

2 Small angle scattering of target protons into ring acceptance σS=52 mb

3 Spin transfer from polarized electrons of the target atoms to the stored protons

σEM=70 mb (-) Horowitz amp Meyer PRL 72 3981 (1994)

HO Meyer PRE 50 1485 (1994)

Spin Workshop 05 Dubna M Contalbrigo - INFN Ferrara 36

01

02

03

04

Beam

Pola

riza

tion

P(2

middotτbeam)

10 T (MeV)100

EM only

5

10

30

20

40

Ψacc=50 mrad

0

1

Filter Test T = 23 MeV Ψacc= 44 mrad

Beam PolarizationBeam Polarization (Electromagnetic Interaction)(Electromagnetic Interaction)

Spin Workshop 05 Dubna M Contalbrigo - INFN Ferrara 37

Beam Polarization Beam Polarization (Hadronic Interaction Longitudinal Case)(Hadronic Interaction Longitudinal Case)

Experimental Tests requiredbullEM effect needs protons only (COSY)bullFinal Design of APR Filter test with p at AD (CERN)

Model D V Mull K Holinde Phys Rev C 51 2360 (1995)

Model A T Hippchen et al Phys Rev C 44 1323 (1991)

50 100 150 200 250 T (MeV) 50 100 150 200 T (MeV)

005

010

015

020

P

005

010

015

020

P

2 beam lifetimesΨacc=10-50 mrad

3 beam lifetimesΨacc=20 mrad

Spin Workshop 05 Dubna M Contalbrigo - INFN Ferrara 38

SMILESMILE SSpin pin MMeasurements easurements

in in IInteractions at nteractions at LLow ow EEnergy nergy

bull Study of spin-filtering process

bull Electromagnetic interaction unpolarized protons on polarized internal target at COSY

bull Hadronic interaction unpolarized antiprotons on polarized internal target at AD (CERN)

From COSY to FAIRhellipFrom COSY to FAIRhellip

Spin Workshop 05 Dubna M Contalbrigo - INFN Ferrara 39

OutlineOutlinebull Introduction

ndash Physics Casendash The FAIR project

bull PAX Accelerator Setupndash Stagingndash Antiproton Polarizer Ringndash Asymmetric Antiproton-Proton Collider

bull Experimentndash Conceptual Detector Designndash Preliminary Results for Drell-Yan Studiesndash Rate estimates

Spin Workshop 05 Dubna M Contalbrigo - INFN Ferrara 40

RINGS SETUP RINGS SETUP

asymmetric collider L = 2∙1030 cm-2s-1

Spin Workshop 05 Dubna M Contalbrigo - INFN Ferrara 41

OutlineOutlinebull Introduction

ndash Physics Casendash The FAIR project

bull PAX Accelerator Setupndash Stagingndash Antiproton Polarizer Ringndash Asymmetric Antiproton-Proton Collider

bull Experimentndash Conceptual Detector Designndash Preliminary Results for Drell-Yan Studiesndash Rate estimates

Spin Workshop 05 Dubna M Contalbrigo - INFN Ferrara 42

PAX Detector Concept PAX Detector Concept

Physics h1 distribution sin2 EMFF sin2

pbar-p elastic high |t|

Magnet Keeps beam polarization vertical Compatible with Cerenkov Compatible with polarized target

Detector Extremely rare DY signal (10-7 p-pbar) Maximum Bjorken-x coverage (M interval) Excellent PID (hadrone rejection ~ 104) High mass resolution (le2 )

Moderate lepton energies (05-5 GeV)

Azimuthally SymmetricBARREL GEOMETRY

LARGE ANGLES

Experiment Flexible Facility

TOROIDNO FRINGE FIELD

e+e-

Spin Workshop 05 Dubna M Contalbrigo - INFN Ferrara 43

PAX Detector Concept PAX Detector Concept

Designed for Collider but compatible with fixed target

Cerenkov(200 m)

(20 m)

GEANT simulation

Spin Workshop 05 Dubna M Contalbrigo - INFN Ferrara 44

OutlineOutlinebull Introduction

ndash Physics Casendash The FAIR project

bull PAX Accelerator Setupndash Stagingndash Antiproton Polarizer Ringndash Asymmetric Antiproton-Proton Collider

bull Experimentndash Conceptual Detector Designndash Preliminary Results for Drell-Yan Studiesndash Rate estimates

Spin Workshop 05 Dubna M Contalbrigo - INFN Ferrara 45

-p Phase Space-p Phase Space

Background peaks at low energy forward direction

acceptance

Spin Workshop 05 Dubna M Contalbrigo - INFN Ferrara 46

Background to Drell-Yan eBackground to Drell-Yan e++ee--

frac12 hour experiment 2∙108 p-pbar interactions several DY events

combinatorial+charm bckg

Background 11 to signal after PID Egt300 MeV conversion veto mass cut the combinatorial component can be subtracted (wrong-sign control sample) the charm can be reduced (vertex decay)

+-++ amp --

Spin Workshop 05 Dubna M Contalbrigo - INFN Ferrara 47

-p Phase Space-p Phase Space

Vertex resolution high enoughto study charm background

Better than 2 mass resol x dependence of h1

resonance vs continuum

Mandatory to study M below Jψ mass

Spin Workshop 05 Dubna M Contalbrigo - INFN Ferrara 48

OutlineOutlinebull Introduction

ndash Physics Casendash The FAIR project

bull PAX Accelerator Setupndash Stagingndash Antiproton Polarizer Ringndash Asymmetric Antiproton-Proton Collider

bull Experimentndash Conceptual Detector Designndash Preliminary Results for Drell-Yan Studiesndash Rate estimates

Spin Workshop 05 Dubna M Contalbrigo - INFN Ferrara 49

10 precision on the h1u (x) in the valence region

1 year of data taking at 15+35 GeV collider L = 2∙1030 cm-2s-1

Precision in hPrecision in h11 measurement measurement

Spin Workshop 05 Dubna M Contalbrigo - INFN Ferrara 50

Summary

bull PAX project has an innovative spin physics program transversity SSA EMFF hard p-pbar scatterings

bull A method to obtain an antiproton beam with high degree of polarization has to be optimized (APR)

bull PAX viable accelerator setup provides fexible 2nd IP really matched to the physics items lots of interesting QCD physics in PAX Phase-I asymmetric collider ideal to map transversity (Phase-II)

Spin Workshop 05 Dubna M Contalbrigo - INFN Ferrara 51

Background to Drell-Yan eBackground to Drell-Yan e++ee--

frac12 hour experiment 2∙108 p-pbar interactions several DY events

combinatorial+charm bckg

Background 11 to signal after PID Egt300 MeV conversion veto mass cut the combinatorial component can be subtracted (wrong-sign control sample) the charm can be reduced (vertex decay)

+-++ amp --

Spin Workshop 05 Dubna M Contalbrigo - INFN Ferrara 52

PAX Integrated Luminosities for Physics PAX Integrated Luminosities for Physics CasesCases

pb-1

fb-1

Inte

gra

ted

Lu

min

osi

ty

EMFF DSA s=376 GeV2

ppbar elastic DSA t=4 GeV2

Phase-I L=151031 cm-2s-1

Antiproton Beam Polarization Ppbar=03 Proton Polarization Pp=08

Phase-II L=21030 cm-2s-1

EMFF DSA s=9 GeV2

Absolute Error ΔDSA=005

h1 DSA Mgt2 GeV Δ=10

h1 DSA Mgt4 GeV Δ=20

(1 y)

(4 y)(1 y)

Spin Workshop 05 Dubna M Contalbrigo - INFN Ferrara 53

q q

q qqqqq

TTTT xqxqxqxqe

xhxhxhxheaA

)()()()(

)()()()(ˆ

dd

dd

21212

211121112

Barone Calarco Drago

Martin Schaumlfer Stratmann Vogelsang

h1 from p-p Drell-Yan at RICHU70

h1q (x Q2) small and with much slower evolution than

Δq(x Q2) and q(x Q2) at small x

h1q (x Q2)- h1q (x Q2)ne

RHIC τ=x1x2~10-3 rarr sea quarks (ATT very small ~ 001 )

3102 RICH energies 22 GeV 100 GeV 200 Ms

  • PAX Polarized Antiproton eXperiments
  • PAX Collaboration
  • Slide 3
  • Outline
  • Slide 5
  • Slide 6
  • Slide 7
  • Slide 8
  • Slide 9
  • Slide 10
  • Slide 11
  • Slide 12
  • Slide 13
  • Slide 14
  • Slide 15
  • Slide 16
  • Slide 17
  • Slide 18
  • pp Elastic Scattering from ZGS
  • Slide 20
  • Proton Electromagnetic Formfactors
  • Slide 22
  • Slide 23
  • Slide 24
  • Slide 25
  • Slide 26
  • PAX Accelerator Setup
  • Slide 28
  • Slide 29
  • Slide 30
  • Slide 31
  • Slide 32
  • Slide 33
  • Slide 34
  • Slide 35
  • Slide 36
  • Slide 37
  • SMILE Spin Measurements in Interactions at Low Energy
  • Slide 39
  • Slide 40
  • Slide 41
  • Slide 42
  • Slide 43
  • Slide 44
  • Slide 45
  • Slide 46
  • Slide 47
  • Slide 48
  • Slide 49
  • Summary
  • Slide 51
  • PAX Integrated Luminosities for Physics Cases
  • Slide 53
Page 12: PAX Polarized Antiproton eXperiments

Spin Workshop 05 Dubna M Contalbrigo - INFN Ferrara 12

s=45 GeV2 s=210 GeV2

s=45 GeV2s=210 GeV2

Cross-section

Asymmetry

Spin Workshop 05 Dubna M Contalbrigo - INFN Ferrara 13

Physics with polarized antiprotons at GSI-PAX

Transversity via Drell-Yan processes

TTA direct access to transversity

Transverse Single Spin Asymmetries

QCD ldquotheoremrdquo (Sivers)D-Y = ndash (Sivers)DISNA

Time-like elm form factors

llpp form factors

Elastic processes

SLSSLLNNN AAA AA spin mysteries like in pp

High Energy

Low Energy

Spin Workshop 05 Dubna M Contalbrigo - INFN Ferrara 14

Single Spin Asymmetries (and their partonic

origin)

pq

Pq

π

kCollins effect = fragmentation of polarized quark

depends on Pqmiddot (pq x k)

P

pk

Sivers effect = number of partons in polarized

proton depends on P middot (p x k)

q

pk

Boer-Mulders effect = polarization of partons in

unpolarized proton depends on Pq middot (p x k)

qPq

Collins chiral-odd

Sivers chiral-even

Boer-Mulders chiral-odd

These effects may generate SSA

d d

d dNA

Spin Workshop 05 Dubna M Contalbrigo - INFN Ferrara 15

BNL-AGS radics = 66 GeV 06 lt pT lt 12 puarrp

E704 radics = 20 GeV 07 lt pT lt 20 puarrp

STAR-RHIC radics = 200 GeV 11 lt pT lt 25 puarrp

E704 radics = 20 GeV 07 lt pT lt 20 puarrp

SSA pp rarr πX

Spin Workshop 05 Dubna M Contalbrigo - INFN Ferrara 16

SSA SIDIS

Collins Sivers HERMES

Spin Workshop 05 Dubna M Contalbrigo - INFN Ferrara 17

SSA SIDIS

COMPASS

Spin Workshop 05 Dubna M Contalbrigo - INFN Ferrara 18

Physics with polarized antiprotons at GSI-PAX

Transversity via Drell-Yan processes

TTA direct access to transversity

Transverse Single Spin Asymmetries

QCD ldquotheoremrdquo (Sivers)D-Y = ndash (Sivers)DISNA

Time-like elm form factors

llpp form factors

Elastic processes

SLSSLLNNN AAA AA spin mysteries like in pp

High Energy

Low Energy

Spin Workshop 05 Dubna M Contalbrigo - INFN Ferrara 19

pp Elastic Scattering from ZGSpp Elastic Scattering from ZGS

Spin-dependence at large-PSpin-dependence at large-P (90deg90degcmcm))

Hard scattering takes Hard scattering takes place only with spins place only with spins

DG Crabb et al PRL 41 1257 (1978)

T=1085 GeV

Similar studies in pp elastic scattering

Spin Workshop 05 Dubna M Contalbrigo - INFN Ferrara 20

Physics with polarized antiprotons at GSI-PAX

Transversity via Drell-Yan processes

TTA direct access to transversity

Transverse Single Spin Asymmetries

QCD ldquotheoremrdquo (Sivers)D-Y = ndash (Sivers)DISNA

Time-like elm form factors

llpp form factors

Elastic processes

SLSSLLNNN AAA AA spin mysteries like in pp

High Energy

Low Energy

Spin Workshop 05 Dubna M Contalbrigo - INFN Ferrara 21

(Phys RevC 68 (2003) 034325)

JLab PT data

SLAC RS data

TWO DIFFERENTS METHODS

TWO DIFFERENTS RESULTS

COMPARISON BETWEEN

ROSENBLUTH SEPARATION AND

POLARIZATION TRANSFER TECNIQUES

Proton Electromagnetic Proton Electromagnetic Formfactors Formfactors

Spin Workshop 05 Dubna M Contalbrigo - INFN Ferrara 22

Proton Electromagnetic Proton Electromagnetic Formfactors Formfactors

bull Single-spin asymmetry in pp rarr e+e-

ndash Measurement of relative phases of magnetic and electric FF in the time-like region

bull Double-spin asymmetry in pp rarr e+e-

ndash independent GE-Gm separation

ndash test of Rosenbluth separation in the time-like region

2

p2

2E

22M

2M

E

y

m4q

|G|)(sin|G|)(cos1

)GGIm()2sin(A

S Brodsky et al Phys Rev D69 (2004)

Spin Workshop 05 Dubna M Contalbrigo - INFN Ferrara 23

OutlineOutlinebull Introduction

ndash Physics Casendash The FAIR project

bull PAX Accelerator Setupndash Stagingndash Antiproton Polarizer Ringndash Asymmetric Antiproton-Proton Collider

bull Experimentndash Conceptual Detector Designndash Preliminary Results for Drell-Yan Studiesndash Rate estimates

Spin Workshop 05 Dubna M Contalbrigo - INFN Ferrara 24

Facilty for Antiproton and Ion Research (GSI Darmstadt Germany)

-Proton linac (injector)-2 synchrotons (30 GeV p)-A number of storage rings Parallel beams operation

Spin Workshop 05 Dubna M Contalbrigo - INFN Ferrara 25

HESR

Antiproton Production

Target

HESR (High Energy Storage Ring) p = 15 - 15 GeVc (22 GeVc) (Length 442 m Bρ = 50 Tm)

PANDA storage ring (N=5 x 1010

pbar)

High luminosity mode (Δpp ~ 10-4) Luminosity = 2 x 1032 cm-2s-1

High resolution mode (Δpp ~ 10-5 ) Luminosity = 1031 cm-2s-1

PAX synchroton (N=3 x 1011 pbar) Preserve polarization Luminosity = 2 x 1030 cm-2s-1

The Antiproton FacilityThe Antiproton Facility

bullAntiproton production similar to CERN

bullProduction rate 107sec at 30 GeV

SuperFRS

NESR

CR

Beam Cooling e- andor stochastic

SIS100300

Spin Workshop 05 Dubna M Contalbrigo - INFN Ferrara 26

OutlineOutlinebull Introduction

ndash Physics Casendash The FAIR project

bull PAX Accelerator Setupndash Stagingndash Antiproton Polarizer Ringndash Asymmetric Antiproton-Proton Collider

bull Experimentndash Conceptual Detector Designndash Preliminary Results for Drell-Yan Studiesndash Rate estimates

Spin Workshop 05 Dubna M Contalbrigo - INFN Ferrara 27

PAX Accelerator SetupPAX Accelerator Setup

In the following focus on two issuesbull Antiproton Polarizer Ring (APR)bull Asymmetric Antiproton-Proton Collider

Spin Workshop 05 Dubna M Contalbrigo - INFN Ferrara 28

Staging Staging Phase I (PAXCSR)Phase I (PAXCSR)

Physics EMFFpbar-p elastic

Experiment polunpol pbar on internal polarized target

Independent from HESR running

Spin Workshop 05 Dubna M Contalbrigo - INFN Ferrara 29

Staging Staging Phase II (PAXHESR)Phase II (PAXHESR)

EXPERIMENT1 Asymmetric collider polarized antiprotons in HESR (p=15 GeVc)

polarized protons in CSR (p=35 GeVc)2 Internal polarized target with 22 GeVc polarized antiproton

beam

Physics Transversity

Second IP with minor interference with PANDA

Spin Workshop 05 Dubna M Contalbrigo - INFN Ferrara 30

OutlineOutlinebull Introduction

ndash Physics Casendash The FAIR project

bull PAX Accelerator Setupndash Stagingndash Antiproton Polarizer Ringndash Asymmetric Antiproton-Proton Collider

bull Experimentndash Conceptual Detector Designndash Preliminary Results for Drell-Yan Studiesndash Rate estimates

Spin Workshop 05 Dubna M Contalbrigo - INFN Ferrara 31

Principle of spin filter methodPrinciple of spin filter method

P beam polarizationQ target polarizationk || beam direction

σtot = σ0 + σmiddotPmiddotQ + σ||middot(Pmiddotk)(Qmiddotk)

transverse case

Q0tot

longitudinal case

Q)( ||0tot

For initially equally populated spin states (m=+frac12) and (m=-frac12)

Unpolarized anti-p beam

Polarized H target

Spin Workshop 05 Dubna M Contalbrigo - INFN Ferrara 32

The HERMES targetThe HERMES target

Atomic Beam SourceNIM A 505 (2003) 633

Pz+ = |1gt + |4gt

Pz- = |2gt + |3gt

mmjj = = ++1212

mmjj = = --1212

mmii=-12=-12

mmii=-12=-12

mmii=+1=+122

mmii=+1=+122

1|1gt|2gt

|3gt|4gt

ee-

pp|1gt

Spin Workshop 05 Dubna M Contalbrigo - INFN Ferrara 33

Performance of Polarized Internal Performance of Polarized Internal TargetsTargets

PT = 0795 0033

HERMES

H Transverse Field (B=297 mT)

HERMES

Dz

Dzz

PT = 0845 plusmn 0028

Longitudinal Field (B=335 mT)

HERMES Stored Positrons PINTEX Stored Protons

H

Fast reorientation in a weak field (xyz)

Targets work very reliably (months of stable operation)

Spin Workshop 05 Dubna M Contalbrigo - INFN Ferrara 34

Exploitation of Spin TransferExploitation of Spin Transfer

PAX will employ spin-filter from internal polarized hydrogen

target to antiprotons

Hydrogen gas target in strong field (300 mT)

F Rathmann et al PRL 71 1379 (1993)

Low energy pp scattering 1lt0 tot+lttot-

Expectation

Target Beam

FILTEX ResultsFILTEX Results

Spin Workshop 05 Dubna M Contalbrigo - INFN Ferrara 35

Puzzle from FILTEX TestPuzzle from FILTEX TestObserved polarization build-up dPdt = plusmn (124 plusmn 006) x 10-2 h-1

Expected build-up P(t)=tanh(tτpol)

1τpol=σ1Qdtf=24x10-2 h-1

about factor 2 larger

σ1 = 122 mb (pp phase shifts)Q = 083 plusmn 003dt = (56 plusmn 03) x 1013cm-2

f = 1177 MHz

Three distinct effects (measured 1=69 mb)

1 Selective removal through scattering beyond Ψacc=44 mrad σR=83 mb

2 Small angle scattering of target protons into ring acceptance σS=52 mb

3 Spin transfer from polarized electrons of the target atoms to the stored protons

σEM=70 mb (-) Horowitz amp Meyer PRL 72 3981 (1994)

HO Meyer PRE 50 1485 (1994)

Spin Workshop 05 Dubna M Contalbrigo - INFN Ferrara 36

01

02

03

04

Beam

Pola

riza

tion

P(2

middotτbeam)

10 T (MeV)100

EM only

5

10

30

20

40

Ψacc=50 mrad

0

1

Filter Test T = 23 MeV Ψacc= 44 mrad

Beam PolarizationBeam Polarization (Electromagnetic Interaction)(Electromagnetic Interaction)

Spin Workshop 05 Dubna M Contalbrigo - INFN Ferrara 37

Beam Polarization Beam Polarization (Hadronic Interaction Longitudinal Case)(Hadronic Interaction Longitudinal Case)

Experimental Tests requiredbullEM effect needs protons only (COSY)bullFinal Design of APR Filter test with p at AD (CERN)

Model D V Mull K Holinde Phys Rev C 51 2360 (1995)

Model A T Hippchen et al Phys Rev C 44 1323 (1991)

50 100 150 200 250 T (MeV) 50 100 150 200 T (MeV)

005

010

015

020

P

005

010

015

020

P

2 beam lifetimesΨacc=10-50 mrad

3 beam lifetimesΨacc=20 mrad

Spin Workshop 05 Dubna M Contalbrigo - INFN Ferrara 38

SMILESMILE SSpin pin MMeasurements easurements

in in IInteractions at nteractions at LLow ow EEnergy nergy

bull Study of spin-filtering process

bull Electromagnetic interaction unpolarized protons on polarized internal target at COSY

bull Hadronic interaction unpolarized antiprotons on polarized internal target at AD (CERN)

From COSY to FAIRhellipFrom COSY to FAIRhellip

Spin Workshop 05 Dubna M Contalbrigo - INFN Ferrara 39

OutlineOutlinebull Introduction

ndash Physics Casendash The FAIR project

bull PAX Accelerator Setupndash Stagingndash Antiproton Polarizer Ringndash Asymmetric Antiproton-Proton Collider

bull Experimentndash Conceptual Detector Designndash Preliminary Results for Drell-Yan Studiesndash Rate estimates

Spin Workshop 05 Dubna M Contalbrigo - INFN Ferrara 40

RINGS SETUP RINGS SETUP

asymmetric collider L = 2∙1030 cm-2s-1

Spin Workshop 05 Dubna M Contalbrigo - INFN Ferrara 41

OutlineOutlinebull Introduction

ndash Physics Casendash The FAIR project

bull PAX Accelerator Setupndash Stagingndash Antiproton Polarizer Ringndash Asymmetric Antiproton-Proton Collider

bull Experimentndash Conceptual Detector Designndash Preliminary Results for Drell-Yan Studiesndash Rate estimates

Spin Workshop 05 Dubna M Contalbrigo - INFN Ferrara 42

PAX Detector Concept PAX Detector Concept

Physics h1 distribution sin2 EMFF sin2

pbar-p elastic high |t|

Magnet Keeps beam polarization vertical Compatible with Cerenkov Compatible with polarized target

Detector Extremely rare DY signal (10-7 p-pbar) Maximum Bjorken-x coverage (M interval) Excellent PID (hadrone rejection ~ 104) High mass resolution (le2 )

Moderate lepton energies (05-5 GeV)

Azimuthally SymmetricBARREL GEOMETRY

LARGE ANGLES

Experiment Flexible Facility

TOROIDNO FRINGE FIELD

e+e-

Spin Workshop 05 Dubna M Contalbrigo - INFN Ferrara 43

PAX Detector Concept PAX Detector Concept

Designed for Collider but compatible with fixed target

Cerenkov(200 m)

(20 m)

GEANT simulation

Spin Workshop 05 Dubna M Contalbrigo - INFN Ferrara 44

OutlineOutlinebull Introduction

ndash Physics Casendash The FAIR project

bull PAX Accelerator Setupndash Stagingndash Antiproton Polarizer Ringndash Asymmetric Antiproton-Proton Collider

bull Experimentndash Conceptual Detector Designndash Preliminary Results for Drell-Yan Studiesndash Rate estimates

Spin Workshop 05 Dubna M Contalbrigo - INFN Ferrara 45

-p Phase Space-p Phase Space

Background peaks at low energy forward direction

acceptance

Spin Workshop 05 Dubna M Contalbrigo - INFN Ferrara 46

Background to Drell-Yan eBackground to Drell-Yan e++ee--

frac12 hour experiment 2∙108 p-pbar interactions several DY events

combinatorial+charm bckg

Background 11 to signal after PID Egt300 MeV conversion veto mass cut the combinatorial component can be subtracted (wrong-sign control sample) the charm can be reduced (vertex decay)

+-++ amp --

Spin Workshop 05 Dubna M Contalbrigo - INFN Ferrara 47

-p Phase Space-p Phase Space

Vertex resolution high enoughto study charm background

Better than 2 mass resol x dependence of h1

resonance vs continuum

Mandatory to study M below Jψ mass

Spin Workshop 05 Dubna M Contalbrigo - INFN Ferrara 48

OutlineOutlinebull Introduction

ndash Physics Casendash The FAIR project

bull PAX Accelerator Setupndash Stagingndash Antiproton Polarizer Ringndash Asymmetric Antiproton-Proton Collider

bull Experimentndash Conceptual Detector Designndash Preliminary Results for Drell-Yan Studiesndash Rate estimates

Spin Workshop 05 Dubna M Contalbrigo - INFN Ferrara 49

10 precision on the h1u (x) in the valence region

1 year of data taking at 15+35 GeV collider L = 2∙1030 cm-2s-1

Precision in hPrecision in h11 measurement measurement

Spin Workshop 05 Dubna M Contalbrigo - INFN Ferrara 50

Summary

bull PAX project has an innovative spin physics program transversity SSA EMFF hard p-pbar scatterings

bull A method to obtain an antiproton beam with high degree of polarization has to be optimized (APR)

bull PAX viable accelerator setup provides fexible 2nd IP really matched to the physics items lots of interesting QCD physics in PAX Phase-I asymmetric collider ideal to map transversity (Phase-II)

Spin Workshop 05 Dubna M Contalbrigo - INFN Ferrara 51

Background to Drell-Yan eBackground to Drell-Yan e++ee--

frac12 hour experiment 2∙108 p-pbar interactions several DY events

combinatorial+charm bckg

Background 11 to signal after PID Egt300 MeV conversion veto mass cut the combinatorial component can be subtracted (wrong-sign control sample) the charm can be reduced (vertex decay)

+-++ amp --

Spin Workshop 05 Dubna M Contalbrigo - INFN Ferrara 52

PAX Integrated Luminosities for Physics PAX Integrated Luminosities for Physics CasesCases

pb-1

fb-1

Inte

gra

ted

Lu

min

osi

ty

EMFF DSA s=376 GeV2

ppbar elastic DSA t=4 GeV2

Phase-I L=151031 cm-2s-1

Antiproton Beam Polarization Ppbar=03 Proton Polarization Pp=08

Phase-II L=21030 cm-2s-1

EMFF DSA s=9 GeV2

Absolute Error ΔDSA=005

h1 DSA Mgt2 GeV Δ=10

h1 DSA Mgt4 GeV Δ=20

(1 y)

(4 y)(1 y)

Spin Workshop 05 Dubna M Contalbrigo - INFN Ferrara 53

q q

q qqqqq

TTTT xqxqxqxqe

xhxhxhxheaA

)()()()(

)()()()(ˆ

dd

dd

21212

211121112

Barone Calarco Drago

Martin Schaumlfer Stratmann Vogelsang

h1 from p-p Drell-Yan at RICHU70

h1q (x Q2) small and with much slower evolution than

Δq(x Q2) and q(x Q2) at small x

h1q (x Q2)- h1q (x Q2)ne

RHIC τ=x1x2~10-3 rarr sea quarks (ATT very small ~ 001 )

3102 RICH energies 22 GeV 100 GeV 200 Ms

  • PAX Polarized Antiproton eXperiments
  • PAX Collaboration
  • Slide 3
  • Outline
  • Slide 5
  • Slide 6
  • Slide 7
  • Slide 8
  • Slide 9
  • Slide 10
  • Slide 11
  • Slide 12
  • Slide 13
  • Slide 14
  • Slide 15
  • Slide 16
  • Slide 17
  • Slide 18
  • pp Elastic Scattering from ZGS
  • Slide 20
  • Proton Electromagnetic Formfactors
  • Slide 22
  • Slide 23
  • Slide 24
  • Slide 25
  • Slide 26
  • PAX Accelerator Setup
  • Slide 28
  • Slide 29
  • Slide 30
  • Slide 31
  • Slide 32
  • Slide 33
  • Slide 34
  • Slide 35
  • Slide 36
  • Slide 37
  • SMILE Spin Measurements in Interactions at Low Energy
  • Slide 39
  • Slide 40
  • Slide 41
  • Slide 42
  • Slide 43
  • Slide 44
  • Slide 45
  • Slide 46
  • Slide 47
  • Slide 48
  • Slide 49
  • Summary
  • Slide 51
  • PAX Integrated Luminosities for Physics Cases
  • Slide 53
Page 13: PAX Polarized Antiproton eXperiments

Spin Workshop 05 Dubna M Contalbrigo - INFN Ferrara 13

Physics with polarized antiprotons at GSI-PAX

Transversity via Drell-Yan processes

TTA direct access to transversity

Transverse Single Spin Asymmetries

QCD ldquotheoremrdquo (Sivers)D-Y = ndash (Sivers)DISNA

Time-like elm form factors

llpp form factors

Elastic processes

SLSSLLNNN AAA AA spin mysteries like in pp

High Energy

Low Energy

Spin Workshop 05 Dubna M Contalbrigo - INFN Ferrara 14

Single Spin Asymmetries (and their partonic

origin)

pq

Pq

π

kCollins effect = fragmentation of polarized quark

depends on Pqmiddot (pq x k)

P

pk

Sivers effect = number of partons in polarized

proton depends on P middot (p x k)

q

pk

Boer-Mulders effect = polarization of partons in

unpolarized proton depends on Pq middot (p x k)

qPq

Collins chiral-odd

Sivers chiral-even

Boer-Mulders chiral-odd

These effects may generate SSA

d d

d dNA

Spin Workshop 05 Dubna M Contalbrigo - INFN Ferrara 15

BNL-AGS radics = 66 GeV 06 lt pT lt 12 puarrp

E704 radics = 20 GeV 07 lt pT lt 20 puarrp

STAR-RHIC radics = 200 GeV 11 lt pT lt 25 puarrp

E704 radics = 20 GeV 07 lt pT lt 20 puarrp

SSA pp rarr πX

Spin Workshop 05 Dubna M Contalbrigo - INFN Ferrara 16

SSA SIDIS

Collins Sivers HERMES

Spin Workshop 05 Dubna M Contalbrigo - INFN Ferrara 17

SSA SIDIS

COMPASS

Spin Workshop 05 Dubna M Contalbrigo - INFN Ferrara 18

Physics with polarized antiprotons at GSI-PAX

Transversity via Drell-Yan processes

TTA direct access to transversity

Transverse Single Spin Asymmetries

QCD ldquotheoremrdquo (Sivers)D-Y = ndash (Sivers)DISNA

Time-like elm form factors

llpp form factors

Elastic processes

SLSSLLNNN AAA AA spin mysteries like in pp

High Energy

Low Energy

Spin Workshop 05 Dubna M Contalbrigo - INFN Ferrara 19

pp Elastic Scattering from ZGSpp Elastic Scattering from ZGS

Spin-dependence at large-PSpin-dependence at large-P (90deg90degcmcm))

Hard scattering takes Hard scattering takes place only with spins place only with spins

DG Crabb et al PRL 41 1257 (1978)

T=1085 GeV

Similar studies in pp elastic scattering

Spin Workshop 05 Dubna M Contalbrigo - INFN Ferrara 20

Physics with polarized antiprotons at GSI-PAX

Transversity via Drell-Yan processes

TTA direct access to transversity

Transverse Single Spin Asymmetries

QCD ldquotheoremrdquo (Sivers)D-Y = ndash (Sivers)DISNA

Time-like elm form factors

llpp form factors

Elastic processes

SLSSLLNNN AAA AA spin mysteries like in pp

High Energy

Low Energy

Spin Workshop 05 Dubna M Contalbrigo - INFN Ferrara 21

(Phys RevC 68 (2003) 034325)

JLab PT data

SLAC RS data

TWO DIFFERENTS METHODS

TWO DIFFERENTS RESULTS

COMPARISON BETWEEN

ROSENBLUTH SEPARATION AND

POLARIZATION TRANSFER TECNIQUES

Proton Electromagnetic Proton Electromagnetic Formfactors Formfactors

Spin Workshop 05 Dubna M Contalbrigo - INFN Ferrara 22

Proton Electromagnetic Proton Electromagnetic Formfactors Formfactors

bull Single-spin asymmetry in pp rarr e+e-

ndash Measurement of relative phases of magnetic and electric FF in the time-like region

bull Double-spin asymmetry in pp rarr e+e-

ndash independent GE-Gm separation

ndash test of Rosenbluth separation in the time-like region

2

p2

2E

22M

2M

E

y

m4q

|G|)(sin|G|)(cos1

)GGIm()2sin(A

S Brodsky et al Phys Rev D69 (2004)

Spin Workshop 05 Dubna M Contalbrigo - INFN Ferrara 23

OutlineOutlinebull Introduction

ndash Physics Casendash The FAIR project

bull PAX Accelerator Setupndash Stagingndash Antiproton Polarizer Ringndash Asymmetric Antiproton-Proton Collider

bull Experimentndash Conceptual Detector Designndash Preliminary Results for Drell-Yan Studiesndash Rate estimates

Spin Workshop 05 Dubna M Contalbrigo - INFN Ferrara 24

Facilty for Antiproton and Ion Research (GSI Darmstadt Germany)

-Proton linac (injector)-2 synchrotons (30 GeV p)-A number of storage rings Parallel beams operation

Spin Workshop 05 Dubna M Contalbrigo - INFN Ferrara 25

HESR

Antiproton Production

Target

HESR (High Energy Storage Ring) p = 15 - 15 GeVc (22 GeVc) (Length 442 m Bρ = 50 Tm)

PANDA storage ring (N=5 x 1010

pbar)

High luminosity mode (Δpp ~ 10-4) Luminosity = 2 x 1032 cm-2s-1

High resolution mode (Δpp ~ 10-5 ) Luminosity = 1031 cm-2s-1

PAX synchroton (N=3 x 1011 pbar) Preserve polarization Luminosity = 2 x 1030 cm-2s-1

The Antiproton FacilityThe Antiproton Facility

bullAntiproton production similar to CERN

bullProduction rate 107sec at 30 GeV

SuperFRS

NESR

CR

Beam Cooling e- andor stochastic

SIS100300

Spin Workshop 05 Dubna M Contalbrigo - INFN Ferrara 26

OutlineOutlinebull Introduction

ndash Physics Casendash The FAIR project

bull PAX Accelerator Setupndash Stagingndash Antiproton Polarizer Ringndash Asymmetric Antiproton-Proton Collider

bull Experimentndash Conceptual Detector Designndash Preliminary Results for Drell-Yan Studiesndash Rate estimates

Spin Workshop 05 Dubna M Contalbrigo - INFN Ferrara 27

PAX Accelerator SetupPAX Accelerator Setup

In the following focus on two issuesbull Antiproton Polarizer Ring (APR)bull Asymmetric Antiproton-Proton Collider

Spin Workshop 05 Dubna M Contalbrigo - INFN Ferrara 28

Staging Staging Phase I (PAXCSR)Phase I (PAXCSR)

Physics EMFFpbar-p elastic

Experiment polunpol pbar on internal polarized target

Independent from HESR running

Spin Workshop 05 Dubna M Contalbrigo - INFN Ferrara 29

Staging Staging Phase II (PAXHESR)Phase II (PAXHESR)

EXPERIMENT1 Asymmetric collider polarized antiprotons in HESR (p=15 GeVc)

polarized protons in CSR (p=35 GeVc)2 Internal polarized target with 22 GeVc polarized antiproton

beam

Physics Transversity

Second IP with minor interference with PANDA

Spin Workshop 05 Dubna M Contalbrigo - INFN Ferrara 30

OutlineOutlinebull Introduction

ndash Physics Casendash The FAIR project

bull PAX Accelerator Setupndash Stagingndash Antiproton Polarizer Ringndash Asymmetric Antiproton-Proton Collider

bull Experimentndash Conceptual Detector Designndash Preliminary Results for Drell-Yan Studiesndash Rate estimates

Spin Workshop 05 Dubna M Contalbrigo - INFN Ferrara 31

Principle of spin filter methodPrinciple of spin filter method

P beam polarizationQ target polarizationk || beam direction

σtot = σ0 + σmiddotPmiddotQ + σ||middot(Pmiddotk)(Qmiddotk)

transverse case

Q0tot

longitudinal case

Q)( ||0tot

For initially equally populated spin states (m=+frac12) and (m=-frac12)

Unpolarized anti-p beam

Polarized H target

Spin Workshop 05 Dubna M Contalbrigo - INFN Ferrara 32

The HERMES targetThe HERMES target

Atomic Beam SourceNIM A 505 (2003) 633

Pz+ = |1gt + |4gt

Pz- = |2gt + |3gt

mmjj = = ++1212

mmjj = = --1212

mmii=-12=-12

mmii=-12=-12

mmii=+1=+122

mmii=+1=+122

1|1gt|2gt

|3gt|4gt

ee-

pp|1gt

Spin Workshop 05 Dubna M Contalbrigo - INFN Ferrara 33

Performance of Polarized Internal Performance of Polarized Internal TargetsTargets

PT = 0795 0033

HERMES

H Transverse Field (B=297 mT)

HERMES

Dz

Dzz

PT = 0845 plusmn 0028

Longitudinal Field (B=335 mT)

HERMES Stored Positrons PINTEX Stored Protons

H

Fast reorientation in a weak field (xyz)

Targets work very reliably (months of stable operation)

Spin Workshop 05 Dubna M Contalbrigo - INFN Ferrara 34

Exploitation of Spin TransferExploitation of Spin Transfer

PAX will employ spin-filter from internal polarized hydrogen

target to antiprotons

Hydrogen gas target in strong field (300 mT)

F Rathmann et al PRL 71 1379 (1993)

Low energy pp scattering 1lt0 tot+lttot-

Expectation

Target Beam

FILTEX ResultsFILTEX Results

Spin Workshop 05 Dubna M Contalbrigo - INFN Ferrara 35

Puzzle from FILTEX TestPuzzle from FILTEX TestObserved polarization build-up dPdt = plusmn (124 plusmn 006) x 10-2 h-1

Expected build-up P(t)=tanh(tτpol)

1τpol=σ1Qdtf=24x10-2 h-1

about factor 2 larger

σ1 = 122 mb (pp phase shifts)Q = 083 plusmn 003dt = (56 plusmn 03) x 1013cm-2

f = 1177 MHz

Three distinct effects (measured 1=69 mb)

1 Selective removal through scattering beyond Ψacc=44 mrad σR=83 mb

2 Small angle scattering of target protons into ring acceptance σS=52 mb

3 Spin transfer from polarized electrons of the target atoms to the stored protons

σEM=70 mb (-) Horowitz amp Meyer PRL 72 3981 (1994)

HO Meyer PRE 50 1485 (1994)

Spin Workshop 05 Dubna M Contalbrigo - INFN Ferrara 36

01

02

03

04

Beam

Pola

riza

tion

P(2

middotτbeam)

10 T (MeV)100

EM only

5

10

30

20

40

Ψacc=50 mrad

0

1

Filter Test T = 23 MeV Ψacc= 44 mrad

Beam PolarizationBeam Polarization (Electromagnetic Interaction)(Electromagnetic Interaction)

Spin Workshop 05 Dubna M Contalbrigo - INFN Ferrara 37

Beam Polarization Beam Polarization (Hadronic Interaction Longitudinal Case)(Hadronic Interaction Longitudinal Case)

Experimental Tests requiredbullEM effect needs protons only (COSY)bullFinal Design of APR Filter test with p at AD (CERN)

Model D V Mull K Holinde Phys Rev C 51 2360 (1995)

Model A T Hippchen et al Phys Rev C 44 1323 (1991)

50 100 150 200 250 T (MeV) 50 100 150 200 T (MeV)

005

010

015

020

P

005

010

015

020

P

2 beam lifetimesΨacc=10-50 mrad

3 beam lifetimesΨacc=20 mrad

Spin Workshop 05 Dubna M Contalbrigo - INFN Ferrara 38

SMILESMILE SSpin pin MMeasurements easurements

in in IInteractions at nteractions at LLow ow EEnergy nergy

bull Study of spin-filtering process

bull Electromagnetic interaction unpolarized protons on polarized internal target at COSY

bull Hadronic interaction unpolarized antiprotons on polarized internal target at AD (CERN)

From COSY to FAIRhellipFrom COSY to FAIRhellip

Spin Workshop 05 Dubna M Contalbrigo - INFN Ferrara 39

OutlineOutlinebull Introduction

ndash Physics Casendash The FAIR project

bull PAX Accelerator Setupndash Stagingndash Antiproton Polarizer Ringndash Asymmetric Antiproton-Proton Collider

bull Experimentndash Conceptual Detector Designndash Preliminary Results for Drell-Yan Studiesndash Rate estimates

Spin Workshop 05 Dubna M Contalbrigo - INFN Ferrara 40

RINGS SETUP RINGS SETUP

asymmetric collider L = 2∙1030 cm-2s-1

Spin Workshop 05 Dubna M Contalbrigo - INFN Ferrara 41

OutlineOutlinebull Introduction

ndash Physics Casendash The FAIR project

bull PAX Accelerator Setupndash Stagingndash Antiproton Polarizer Ringndash Asymmetric Antiproton-Proton Collider

bull Experimentndash Conceptual Detector Designndash Preliminary Results for Drell-Yan Studiesndash Rate estimates

Spin Workshop 05 Dubna M Contalbrigo - INFN Ferrara 42

PAX Detector Concept PAX Detector Concept

Physics h1 distribution sin2 EMFF sin2

pbar-p elastic high |t|

Magnet Keeps beam polarization vertical Compatible with Cerenkov Compatible with polarized target

Detector Extremely rare DY signal (10-7 p-pbar) Maximum Bjorken-x coverage (M interval) Excellent PID (hadrone rejection ~ 104) High mass resolution (le2 )

Moderate lepton energies (05-5 GeV)

Azimuthally SymmetricBARREL GEOMETRY

LARGE ANGLES

Experiment Flexible Facility

TOROIDNO FRINGE FIELD

e+e-

Spin Workshop 05 Dubna M Contalbrigo - INFN Ferrara 43

PAX Detector Concept PAX Detector Concept

Designed for Collider but compatible with fixed target

Cerenkov(200 m)

(20 m)

GEANT simulation

Spin Workshop 05 Dubna M Contalbrigo - INFN Ferrara 44

OutlineOutlinebull Introduction

ndash Physics Casendash The FAIR project

bull PAX Accelerator Setupndash Stagingndash Antiproton Polarizer Ringndash Asymmetric Antiproton-Proton Collider

bull Experimentndash Conceptual Detector Designndash Preliminary Results for Drell-Yan Studiesndash Rate estimates

Spin Workshop 05 Dubna M Contalbrigo - INFN Ferrara 45

-p Phase Space-p Phase Space

Background peaks at low energy forward direction

acceptance

Spin Workshop 05 Dubna M Contalbrigo - INFN Ferrara 46

Background to Drell-Yan eBackground to Drell-Yan e++ee--

frac12 hour experiment 2∙108 p-pbar interactions several DY events

combinatorial+charm bckg

Background 11 to signal after PID Egt300 MeV conversion veto mass cut the combinatorial component can be subtracted (wrong-sign control sample) the charm can be reduced (vertex decay)

+-++ amp --

Spin Workshop 05 Dubna M Contalbrigo - INFN Ferrara 47

-p Phase Space-p Phase Space

Vertex resolution high enoughto study charm background

Better than 2 mass resol x dependence of h1

resonance vs continuum

Mandatory to study M below Jψ mass

Spin Workshop 05 Dubna M Contalbrigo - INFN Ferrara 48

OutlineOutlinebull Introduction

ndash Physics Casendash The FAIR project

bull PAX Accelerator Setupndash Stagingndash Antiproton Polarizer Ringndash Asymmetric Antiproton-Proton Collider

bull Experimentndash Conceptual Detector Designndash Preliminary Results for Drell-Yan Studiesndash Rate estimates

Spin Workshop 05 Dubna M Contalbrigo - INFN Ferrara 49

10 precision on the h1u (x) in the valence region

1 year of data taking at 15+35 GeV collider L = 2∙1030 cm-2s-1

Precision in hPrecision in h11 measurement measurement

Spin Workshop 05 Dubna M Contalbrigo - INFN Ferrara 50

Summary

bull PAX project has an innovative spin physics program transversity SSA EMFF hard p-pbar scatterings

bull A method to obtain an antiproton beam with high degree of polarization has to be optimized (APR)

bull PAX viable accelerator setup provides fexible 2nd IP really matched to the physics items lots of interesting QCD physics in PAX Phase-I asymmetric collider ideal to map transversity (Phase-II)

Spin Workshop 05 Dubna M Contalbrigo - INFN Ferrara 51

Background to Drell-Yan eBackground to Drell-Yan e++ee--

frac12 hour experiment 2∙108 p-pbar interactions several DY events

combinatorial+charm bckg

Background 11 to signal after PID Egt300 MeV conversion veto mass cut the combinatorial component can be subtracted (wrong-sign control sample) the charm can be reduced (vertex decay)

+-++ amp --

Spin Workshop 05 Dubna M Contalbrigo - INFN Ferrara 52

PAX Integrated Luminosities for Physics PAX Integrated Luminosities for Physics CasesCases

pb-1

fb-1

Inte

gra

ted

Lu

min

osi

ty

EMFF DSA s=376 GeV2

ppbar elastic DSA t=4 GeV2

Phase-I L=151031 cm-2s-1

Antiproton Beam Polarization Ppbar=03 Proton Polarization Pp=08

Phase-II L=21030 cm-2s-1

EMFF DSA s=9 GeV2

Absolute Error ΔDSA=005

h1 DSA Mgt2 GeV Δ=10

h1 DSA Mgt4 GeV Δ=20

(1 y)

(4 y)(1 y)

Spin Workshop 05 Dubna M Contalbrigo - INFN Ferrara 53

q q

q qqqqq

TTTT xqxqxqxqe

xhxhxhxheaA

)()()()(

)()()()(ˆ

dd

dd

21212

211121112

Barone Calarco Drago

Martin Schaumlfer Stratmann Vogelsang

h1 from p-p Drell-Yan at RICHU70

h1q (x Q2) small and with much slower evolution than

Δq(x Q2) and q(x Q2) at small x

h1q (x Q2)- h1q (x Q2)ne

RHIC τ=x1x2~10-3 rarr sea quarks (ATT very small ~ 001 )

3102 RICH energies 22 GeV 100 GeV 200 Ms

  • PAX Polarized Antiproton eXperiments
  • PAX Collaboration
  • Slide 3
  • Outline
  • Slide 5
  • Slide 6
  • Slide 7
  • Slide 8
  • Slide 9
  • Slide 10
  • Slide 11
  • Slide 12
  • Slide 13
  • Slide 14
  • Slide 15
  • Slide 16
  • Slide 17
  • Slide 18
  • pp Elastic Scattering from ZGS
  • Slide 20
  • Proton Electromagnetic Formfactors
  • Slide 22
  • Slide 23
  • Slide 24
  • Slide 25
  • Slide 26
  • PAX Accelerator Setup
  • Slide 28
  • Slide 29
  • Slide 30
  • Slide 31
  • Slide 32
  • Slide 33
  • Slide 34
  • Slide 35
  • Slide 36
  • Slide 37
  • SMILE Spin Measurements in Interactions at Low Energy
  • Slide 39
  • Slide 40
  • Slide 41
  • Slide 42
  • Slide 43
  • Slide 44
  • Slide 45
  • Slide 46
  • Slide 47
  • Slide 48
  • Slide 49
  • Summary
  • Slide 51
  • PAX Integrated Luminosities for Physics Cases
  • Slide 53
Page 14: PAX Polarized Antiproton eXperiments

Spin Workshop 05 Dubna M Contalbrigo - INFN Ferrara 14

Single Spin Asymmetries (and their partonic

origin)

pq

Pq

π

kCollins effect = fragmentation of polarized quark

depends on Pqmiddot (pq x k)

P

pk

Sivers effect = number of partons in polarized

proton depends on P middot (p x k)

q

pk

Boer-Mulders effect = polarization of partons in

unpolarized proton depends on Pq middot (p x k)

qPq

Collins chiral-odd

Sivers chiral-even

Boer-Mulders chiral-odd

These effects may generate SSA

d d

d dNA

Spin Workshop 05 Dubna M Contalbrigo - INFN Ferrara 15

BNL-AGS radics = 66 GeV 06 lt pT lt 12 puarrp

E704 radics = 20 GeV 07 lt pT lt 20 puarrp

STAR-RHIC radics = 200 GeV 11 lt pT lt 25 puarrp

E704 radics = 20 GeV 07 lt pT lt 20 puarrp

SSA pp rarr πX

Spin Workshop 05 Dubna M Contalbrigo - INFN Ferrara 16

SSA SIDIS

Collins Sivers HERMES

Spin Workshop 05 Dubna M Contalbrigo - INFN Ferrara 17

SSA SIDIS

COMPASS

Spin Workshop 05 Dubna M Contalbrigo - INFN Ferrara 18

Physics with polarized antiprotons at GSI-PAX

Transversity via Drell-Yan processes

TTA direct access to transversity

Transverse Single Spin Asymmetries

QCD ldquotheoremrdquo (Sivers)D-Y = ndash (Sivers)DISNA

Time-like elm form factors

llpp form factors

Elastic processes

SLSSLLNNN AAA AA spin mysteries like in pp

High Energy

Low Energy

Spin Workshop 05 Dubna M Contalbrigo - INFN Ferrara 19

pp Elastic Scattering from ZGSpp Elastic Scattering from ZGS

Spin-dependence at large-PSpin-dependence at large-P (90deg90degcmcm))

Hard scattering takes Hard scattering takes place only with spins place only with spins

DG Crabb et al PRL 41 1257 (1978)

T=1085 GeV

Similar studies in pp elastic scattering

Spin Workshop 05 Dubna M Contalbrigo - INFN Ferrara 20

Physics with polarized antiprotons at GSI-PAX

Transversity via Drell-Yan processes

TTA direct access to transversity

Transverse Single Spin Asymmetries

QCD ldquotheoremrdquo (Sivers)D-Y = ndash (Sivers)DISNA

Time-like elm form factors

llpp form factors

Elastic processes

SLSSLLNNN AAA AA spin mysteries like in pp

High Energy

Low Energy

Spin Workshop 05 Dubna M Contalbrigo - INFN Ferrara 21

(Phys RevC 68 (2003) 034325)

JLab PT data

SLAC RS data

TWO DIFFERENTS METHODS

TWO DIFFERENTS RESULTS

COMPARISON BETWEEN

ROSENBLUTH SEPARATION AND

POLARIZATION TRANSFER TECNIQUES

Proton Electromagnetic Proton Electromagnetic Formfactors Formfactors

Spin Workshop 05 Dubna M Contalbrigo - INFN Ferrara 22

Proton Electromagnetic Proton Electromagnetic Formfactors Formfactors

bull Single-spin asymmetry in pp rarr e+e-

ndash Measurement of relative phases of magnetic and electric FF in the time-like region

bull Double-spin asymmetry in pp rarr e+e-

ndash independent GE-Gm separation

ndash test of Rosenbluth separation in the time-like region

2

p2

2E

22M

2M

E

y

m4q

|G|)(sin|G|)(cos1

)GGIm()2sin(A

S Brodsky et al Phys Rev D69 (2004)

Spin Workshop 05 Dubna M Contalbrigo - INFN Ferrara 23

OutlineOutlinebull Introduction

ndash Physics Casendash The FAIR project

bull PAX Accelerator Setupndash Stagingndash Antiproton Polarizer Ringndash Asymmetric Antiproton-Proton Collider

bull Experimentndash Conceptual Detector Designndash Preliminary Results for Drell-Yan Studiesndash Rate estimates

Spin Workshop 05 Dubna M Contalbrigo - INFN Ferrara 24

Facilty for Antiproton and Ion Research (GSI Darmstadt Germany)

-Proton linac (injector)-2 synchrotons (30 GeV p)-A number of storage rings Parallel beams operation

Spin Workshop 05 Dubna M Contalbrigo - INFN Ferrara 25

HESR

Antiproton Production

Target

HESR (High Energy Storage Ring) p = 15 - 15 GeVc (22 GeVc) (Length 442 m Bρ = 50 Tm)

PANDA storage ring (N=5 x 1010

pbar)

High luminosity mode (Δpp ~ 10-4) Luminosity = 2 x 1032 cm-2s-1

High resolution mode (Δpp ~ 10-5 ) Luminosity = 1031 cm-2s-1

PAX synchroton (N=3 x 1011 pbar) Preserve polarization Luminosity = 2 x 1030 cm-2s-1

The Antiproton FacilityThe Antiproton Facility

bullAntiproton production similar to CERN

bullProduction rate 107sec at 30 GeV

SuperFRS

NESR

CR

Beam Cooling e- andor stochastic

SIS100300

Spin Workshop 05 Dubna M Contalbrigo - INFN Ferrara 26

OutlineOutlinebull Introduction

ndash Physics Casendash The FAIR project

bull PAX Accelerator Setupndash Stagingndash Antiproton Polarizer Ringndash Asymmetric Antiproton-Proton Collider

bull Experimentndash Conceptual Detector Designndash Preliminary Results for Drell-Yan Studiesndash Rate estimates

Spin Workshop 05 Dubna M Contalbrigo - INFN Ferrara 27

PAX Accelerator SetupPAX Accelerator Setup

In the following focus on two issuesbull Antiproton Polarizer Ring (APR)bull Asymmetric Antiproton-Proton Collider

Spin Workshop 05 Dubna M Contalbrigo - INFN Ferrara 28

Staging Staging Phase I (PAXCSR)Phase I (PAXCSR)

Physics EMFFpbar-p elastic

Experiment polunpol pbar on internal polarized target

Independent from HESR running

Spin Workshop 05 Dubna M Contalbrigo - INFN Ferrara 29

Staging Staging Phase II (PAXHESR)Phase II (PAXHESR)

EXPERIMENT1 Asymmetric collider polarized antiprotons in HESR (p=15 GeVc)

polarized protons in CSR (p=35 GeVc)2 Internal polarized target with 22 GeVc polarized antiproton

beam

Physics Transversity

Second IP with minor interference with PANDA

Spin Workshop 05 Dubna M Contalbrigo - INFN Ferrara 30

OutlineOutlinebull Introduction

ndash Physics Casendash The FAIR project

bull PAX Accelerator Setupndash Stagingndash Antiproton Polarizer Ringndash Asymmetric Antiproton-Proton Collider

bull Experimentndash Conceptual Detector Designndash Preliminary Results for Drell-Yan Studiesndash Rate estimates

Spin Workshop 05 Dubna M Contalbrigo - INFN Ferrara 31

Principle of spin filter methodPrinciple of spin filter method

P beam polarizationQ target polarizationk || beam direction

σtot = σ0 + σmiddotPmiddotQ + σ||middot(Pmiddotk)(Qmiddotk)

transverse case

Q0tot

longitudinal case

Q)( ||0tot

For initially equally populated spin states (m=+frac12) and (m=-frac12)

Unpolarized anti-p beam

Polarized H target

Spin Workshop 05 Dubna M Contalbrigo - INFN Ferrara 32

The HERMES targetThe HERMES target

Atomic Beam SourceNIM A 505 (2003) 633

Pz+ = |1gt + |4gt

Pz- = |2gt + |3gt

mmjj = = ++1212

mmjj = = --1212

mmii=-12=-12

mmii=-12=-12

mmii=+1=+122

mmii=+1=+122

1|1gt|2gt

|3gt|4gt

ee-

pp|1gt

Spin Workshop 05 Dubna M Contalbrigo - INFN Ferrara 33

Performance of Polarized Internal Performance of Polarized Internal TargetsTargets

PT = 0795 0033

HERMES

H Transverse Field (B=297 mT)

HERMES

Dz

Dzz

PT = 0845 plusmn 0028

Longitudinal Field (B=335 mT)

HERMES Stored Positrons PINTEX Stored Protons

H

Fast reorientation in a weak field (xyz)

Targets work very reliably (months of stable operation)

Spin Workshop 05 Dubna M Contalbrigo - INFN Ferrara 34

Exploitation of Spin TransferExploitation of Spin Transfer

PAX will employ spin-filter from internal polarized hydrogen

target to antiprotons

Hydrogen gas target in strong field (300 mT)

F Rathmann et al PRL 71 1379 (1993)

Low energy pp scattering 1lt0 tot+lttot-

Expectation

Target Beam

FILTEX ResultsFILTEX Results

Spin Workshop 05 Dubna M Contalbrigo - INFN Ferrara 35

Puzzle from FILTEX TestPuzzle from FILTEX TestObserved polarization build-up dPdt = plusmn (124 plusmn 006) x 10-2 h-1

Expected build-up P(t)=tanh(tτpol)

1τpol=σ1Qdtf=24x10-2 h-1

about factor 2 larger

σ1 = 122 mb (pp phase shifts)Q = 083 plusmn 003dt = (56 plusmn 03) x 1013cm-2

f = 1177 MHz

Three distinct effects (measured 1=69 mb)

1 Selective removal through scattering beyond Ψacc=44 mrad σR=83 mb

2 Small angle scattering of target protons into ring acceptance σS=52 mb

3 Spin transfer from polarized electrons of the target atoms to the stored protons

σEM=70 mb (-) Horowitz amp Meyer PRL 72 3981 (1994)

HO Meyer PRE 50 1485 (1994)

Spin Workshop 05 Dubna M Contalbrigo - INFN Ferrara 36

01

02

03

04

Beam

Pola

riza

tion

P(2

middotτbeam)

10 T (MeV)100

EM only

5

10

30

20

40

Ψacc=50 mrad

0

1

Filter Test T = 23 MeV Ψacc= 44 mrad

Beam PolarizationBeam Polarization (Electromagnetic Interaction)(Electromagnetic Interaction)

Spin Workshop 05 Dubna M Contalbrigo - INFN Ferrara 37

Beam Polarization Beam Polarization (Hadronic Interaction Longitudinal Case)(Hadronic Interaction Longitudinal Case)

Experimental Tests requiredbullEM effect needs protons only (COSY)bullFinal Design of APR Filter test with p at AD (CERN)

Model D V Mull K Holinde Phys Rev C 51 2360 (1995)

Model A T Hippchen et al Phys Rev C 44 1323 (1991)

50 100 150 200 250 T (MeV) 50 100 150 200 T (MeV)

005

010

015

020

P

005

010

015

020

P

2 beam lifetimesΨacc=10-50 mrad

3 beam lifetimesΨacc=20 mrad

Spin Workshop 05 Dubna M Contalbrigo - INFN Ferrara 38

SMILESMILE SSpin pin MMeasurements easurements

in in IInteractions at nteractions at LLow ow EEnergy nergy

bull Study of spin-filtering process

bull Electromagnetic interaction unpolarized protons on polarized internal target at COSY

bull Hadronic interaction unpolarized antiprotons on polarized internal target at AD (CERN)

From COSY to FAIRhellipFrom COSY to FAIRhellip

Spin Workshop 05 Dubna M Contalbrigo - INFN Ferrara 39

OutlineOutlinebull Introduction

ndash Physics Casendash The FAIR project

bull PAX Accelerator Setupndash Stagingndash Antiproton Polarizer Ringndash Asymmetric Antiproton-Proton Collider

bull Experimentndash Conceptual Detector Designndash Preliminary Results for Drell-Yan Studiesndash Rate estimates

Spin Workshop 05 Dubna M Contalbrigo - INFN Ferrara 40

RINGS SETUP RINGS SETUP

asymmetric collider L = 2∙1030 cm-2s-1

Spin Workshop 05 Dubna M Contalbrigo - INFN Ferrara 41

OutlineOutlinebull Introduction

ndash Physics Casendash The FAIR project

bull PAX Accelerator Setupndash Stagingndash Antiproton Polarizer Ringndash Asymmetric Antiproton-Proton Collider

bull Experimentndash Conceptual Detector Designndash Preliminary Results for Drell-Yan Studiesndash Rate estimates

Spin Workshop 05 Dubna M Contalbrigo - INFN Ferrara 42

PAX Detector Concept PAX Detector Concept

Physics h1 distribution sin2 EMFF sin2

pbar-p elastic high |t|

Magnet Keeps beam polarization vertical Compatible with Cerenkov Compatible with polarized target

Detector Extremely rare DY signal (10-7 p-pbar) Maximum Bjorken-x coverage (M interval) Excellent PID (hadrone rejection ~ 104) High mass resolution (le2 )

Moderate lepton energies (05-5 GeV)

Azimuthally SymmetricBARREL GEOMETRY

LARGE ANGLES

Experiment Flexible Facility

TOROIDNO FRINGE FIELD

e+e-

Spin Workshop 05 Dubna M Contalbrigo - INFN Ferrara 43

PAX Detector Concept PAX Detector Concept

Designed for Collider but compatible with fixed target

Cerenkov(200 m)

(20 m)

GEANT simulation

Spin Workshop 05 Dubna M Contalbrigo - INFN Ferrara 44

OutlineOutlinebull Introduction

ndash Physics Casendash The FAIR project

bull PAX Accelerator Setupndash Stagingndash Antiproton Polarizer Ringndash Asymmetric Antiproton-Proton Collider

bull Experimentndash Conceptual Detector Designndash Preliminary Results for Drell-Yan Studiesndash Rate estimates

Spin Workshop 05 Dubna M Contalbrigo - INFN Ferrara 45

-p Phase Space-p Phase Space

Background peaks at low energy forward direction

acceptance

Spin Workshop 05 Dubna M Contalbrigo - INFN Ferrara 46

Background to Drell-Yan eBackground to Drell-Yan e++ee--

frac12 hour experiment 2∙108 p-pbar interactions several DY events

combinatorial+charm bckg

Background 11 to signal after PID Egt300 MeV conversion veto mass cut the combinatorial component can be subtracted (wrong-sign control sample) the charm can be reduced (vertex decay)

+-++ amp --

Spin Workshop 05 Dubna M Contalbrigo - INFN Ferrara 47

-p Phase Space-p Phase Space

Vertex resolution high enoughto study charm background

Better than 2 mass resol x dependence of h1

resonance vs continuum

Mandatory to study M below Jψ mass

Spin Workshop 05 Dubna M Contalbrigo - INFN Ferrara 48

OutlineOutlinebull Introduction

ndash Physics Casendash The FAIR project

bull PAX Accelerator Setupndash Stagingndash Antiproton Polarizer Ringndash Asymmetric Antiproton-Proton Collider

bull Experimentndash Conceptual Detector Designndash Preliminary Results for Drell-Yan Studiesndash Rate estimates

Spin Workshop 05 Dubna M Contalbrigo - INFN Ferrara 49

10 precision on the h1u (x) in the valence region

1 year of data taking at 15+35 GeV collider L = 2∙1030 cm-2s-1

Precision in hPrecision in h11 measurement measurement

Spin Workshop 05 Dubna M Contalbrigo - INFN Ferrara 50

Summary

bull PAX project has an innovative spin physics program transversity SSA EMFF hard p-pbar scatterings

bull A method to obtain an antiproton beam with high degree of polarization has to be optimized (APR)

bull PAX viable accelerator setup provides fexible 2nd IP really matched to the physics items lots of interesting QCD physics in PAX Phase-I asymmetric collider ideal to map transversity (Phase-II)

Spin Workshop 05 Dubna M Contalbrigo - INFN Ferrara 51

Background to Drell-Yan eBackground to Drell-Yan e++ee--

frac12 hour experiment 2∙108 p-pbar interactions several DY events

combinatorial+charm bckg

Background 11 to signal after PID Egt300 MeV conversion veto mass cut the combinatorial component can be subtracted (wrong-sign control sample) the charm can be reduced (vertex decay)

+-++ amp --

Spin Workshop 05 Dubna M Contalbrigo - INFN Ferrara 52

PAX Integrated Luminosities for Physics PAX Integrated Luminosities for Physics CasesCases

pb-1

fb-1

Inte

gra

ted

Lu

min

osi

ty

EMFF DSA s=376 GeV2

ppbar elastic DSA t=4 GeV2

Phase-I L=151031 cm-2s-1

Antiproton Beam Polarization Ppbar=03 Proton Polarization Pp=08

Phase-II L=21030 cm-2s-1

EMFF DSA s=9 GeV2

Absolute Error ΔDSA=005

h1 DSA Mgt2 GeV Δ=10

h1 DSA Mgt4 GeV Δ=20

(1 y)

(4 y)(1 y)

Spin Workshop 05 Dubna M Contalbrigo - INFN Ferrara 53

q q

q qqqqq

TTTT xqxqxqxqe

xhxhxhxheaA

)()()()(

)()()()(ˆ

dd

dd

21212

211121112

Barone Calarco Drago

Martin Schaumlfer Stratmann Vogelsang

h1 from p-p Drell-Yan at RICHU70

h1q (x Q2) small and with much slower evolution than

Δq(x Q2) and q(x Q2) at small x

h1q (x Q2)- h1q (x Q2)ne

RHIC τ=x1x2~10-3 rarr sea quarks (ATT very small ~ 001 )

3102 RICH energies 22 GeV 100 GeV 200 Ms

  • PAX Polarized Antiproton eXperiments
  • PAX Collaboration
  • Slide 3
  • Outline
  • Slide 5
  • Slide 6
  • Slide 7
  • Slide 8
  • Slide 9
  • Slide 10
  • Slide 11
  • Slide 12
  • Slide 13
  • Slide 14
  • Slide 15
  • Slide 16
  • Slide 17
  • Slide 18
  • pp Elastic Scattering from ZGS
  • Slide 20
  • Proton Electromagnetic Formfactors
  • Slide 22
  • Slide 23
  • Slide 24
  • Slide 25
  • Slide 26
  • PAX Accelerator Setup
  • Slide 28
  • Slide 29
  • Slide 30
  • Slide 31
  • Slide 32
  • Slide 33
  • Slide 34
  • Slide 35
  • Slide 36
  • Slide 37
  • SMILE Spin Measurements in Interactions at Low Energy
  • Slide 39
  • Slide 40
  • Slide 41
  • Slide 42
  • Slide 43
  • Slide 44
  • Slide 45
  • Slide 46
  • Slide 47
  • Slide 48
  • Slide 49
  • Summary
  • Slide 51
  • PAX Integrated Luminosities for Physics Cases
  • Slide 53
Page 15: PAX Polarized Antiproton eXperiments

Spin Workshop 05 Dubna M Contalbrigo - INFN Ferrara 15

BNL-AGS radics = 66 GeV 06 lt pT lt 12 puarrp

E704 radics = 20 GeV 07 lt pT lt 20 puarrp

STAR-RHIC radics = 200 GeV 11 lt pT lt 25 puarrp

E704 radics = 20 GeV 07 lt pT lt 20 puarrp

SSA pp rarr πX

Spin Workshop 05 Dubna M Contalbrigo - INFN Ferrara 16

SSA SIDIS

Collins Sivers HERMES

Spin Workshop 05 Dubna M Contalbrigo - INFN Ferrara 17

SSA SIDIS

COMPASS

Spin Workshop 05 Dubna M Contalbrigo - INFN Ferrara 18

Physics with polarized antiprotons at GSI-PAX

Transversity via Drell-Yan processes

TTA direct access to transversity

Transverse Single Spin Asymmetries

QCD ldquotheoremrdquo (Sivers)D-Y = ndash (Sivers)DISNA

Time-like elm form factors

llpp form factors

Elastic processes

SLSSLLNNN AAA AA spin mysteries like in pp

High Energy

Low Energy

Spin Workshop 05 Dubna M Contalbrigo - INFN Ferrara 19

pp Elastic Scattering from ZGSpp Elastic Scattering from ZGS

Spin-dependence at large-PSpin-dependence at large-P (90deg90degcmcm))

Hard scattering takes Hard scattering takes place only with spins place only with spins

DG Crabb et al PRL 41 1257 (1978)

T=1085 GeV

Similar studies in pp elastic scattering

Spin Workshop 05 Dubna M Contalbrigo - INFN Ferrara 20

Physics with polarized antiprotons at GSI-PAX

Transversity via Drell-Yan processes

TTA direct access to transversity

Transverse Single Spin Asymmetries

QCD ldquotheoremrdquo (Sivers)D-Y = ndash (Sivers)DISNA

Time-like elm form factors

llpp form factors

Elastic processes

SLSSLLNNN AAA AA spin mysteries like in pp

High Energy

Low Energy

Spin Workshop 05 Dubna M Contalbrigo - INFN Ferrara 21

(Phys RevC 68 (2003) 034325)

JLab PT data

SLAC RS data

TWO DIFFERENTS METHODS

TWO DIFFERENTS RESULTS

COMPARISON BETWEEN

ROSENBLUTH SEPARATION AND

POLARIZATION TRANSFER TECNIQUES

Proton Electromagnetic Proton Electromagnetic Formfactors Formfactors

Spin Workshop 05 Dubna M Contalbrigo - INFN Ferrara 22

Proton Electromagnetic Proton Electromagnetic Formfactors Formfactors

bull Single-spin asymmetry in pp rarr e+e-

ndash Measurement of relative phases of magnetic and electric FF in the time-like region

bull Double-spin asymmetry in pp rarr e+e-

ndash independent GE-Gm separation

ndash test of Rosenbluth separation in the time-like region

2

p2

2E

22M

2M

E

y

m4q

|G|)(sin|G|)(cos1

)GGIm()2sin(A

S Brodsky et al Phys Rev D69 (2004)

Spin Workshop 05 Dubna M Contalbrigo - INFN Ferrara 23

OutlineOutlinebull Introduction

ndash Physics Casendash The FAIR project

bull PAX Accelerator Setupndash Stagingndash Antiproton Polarizer Ringndash Asymmetric Antiproton-Proton Collider

bull Experimentndash Conceptual Detector Designndash Preliminary Results for Drell-Yan Studiesndash Rate estimates

Spin Workshop 05 Dubna M Contalbrigo - INFN Ferrara 24

Facilty for Antiproton and Ion Research (GSI Darmstadt Germany)

-Proton linac (injector)-2 synchrotons (30 GeV p)-A number of storage rings Parallel beams operation

Spin Workshop 05 Dubna M Contalbrigo - INFN Ferrara 25

HESR

Antiproton Production

Target

HESR (High Energy Storage Ring) p = 15 - 15 GeVc (22 GeVc) (Length 442 m Bρ = 50 Tm)

PANDA storage ring (N=5 x 1010

pbar)

High luminosity mode (Δpp ~ 10-4) Luminosity = 2 x 1032 cm-2s-1

High resolution mode (Δpp ~ 10-5 ) Luminosity = 1031 cm-2s-1

PAX synchroton (N=3 x 1011 pbar) Preserve polarization Luminosity = 2 x 1030 cm-2s-1

The Antiproton FacilityThe Antiproton Facility

bullAntiproton production similar to CERN

bullProduction rate 107sec at 30 GeV

SuperFRS

NESR

CR

Beam Cooling e- andor stochastic

SIS100300

Spin Workshop 05 Dubna M Contalbrigo - INFN Ferrara 26

OutlineOutlinebull Introduction

ndash Physics Casendash The FAIR project

bull PAX Accelerator Setupndash Stagingndash Antiproton Polarizer Ringndash Asymmetric Antiproton-Proton Collider

bull Experimentndash Conceptual Detector Designndash Preliminary Results for Drell-Yan Studiesndash Rate estimates

Spin Workshop 05 Dubna M Contalbrigo - INFN Ferrara 27

PAX Accelerator SetupPAX Accelerator Setup

In the following focus on two issuesbull Antiproton Polarizer Ring (APR)bull Asymmetric Antiproton-Proton Collider

Spin Workshop 05 Dubna M Contalbrigo - INFN Ferrara 28

Staging Staging Phase I (PAXCSR)Phase I (PAXCSR)

Physics EMFFpbar-p elastic

Experiment polunpol pbar on internal polarized target

Independent from HESR running

Spin Workshop 05 Dubna M Contalbrigo - INFN Ferrara 29

Staging Staging Phase II (PAXHESR)Phase II (PAXHESR)

EXPERIMENT1 Asymmetric collider polarized antiprotons in HESR (p=15 GeVc)

polarized protons in CSR (p=35 GeVc)2 Internal polarized target with 22 GeVc polarized antiproton

beam

Physics Transversity

Second IP with minor interference with PANDA

Spin Workshop 05 Dubna M Contalbrigo - INFN Ferrara 30

OutlineOutlinebull Introduction

ndash Physics Casendash The FAIR project

bull PAX Accelerator Setupndash Stagingndash Antiproton Polarizer Ringndash Asymmetric Antiproton-Proton Collider

bull Experimentndash Conceptual Detector Designndash Preliminary Results for Drell-Yan Studiesndash Rate estimates

Spin Workshop 05 Dubna M Contalbrigo - INFN Ferrara 31

Principle of spin filter methodPrinciple of spin filter method

P beam polarizationQ target polarizationk || beam direction

σtot = σ0 + σmiddotPmiddotQ + σ||middot(Pmiddotk)(Qmiddotk)

transverse case

Q0tot

longitudinal case

Q)( ||0tot

For initially equally populated spin states (m=+frac12) and (m=-frac12)

Unpolarized anti-p beam

Polarized H target

Spin Workshop 05 Dubna M Contalbrigo - INFN Ferrara 32

The HERMES targetThe HERMES target

Atomic Beam SourceNIM A 505 (2003) 633

Pz+ = |1gt + |4gt

Pz- = |2gt + |3gt

mmjj = = ++1212

mmjj = = --1212

mmii=-12=-12

mmii=-12=-12

mmii=+1=+122

mmii=+1=+122

1|1gt|2gt

|3gt|4gt

ee-

pp|1gt

Spin Workshop 05 Dubna M Contalbrigo - INFN Ferrara 33

Performance of Polarized Internal Performance of Polarized Internal TargetsTargets

PT = 0795 0033

HERMES

H Transverse Field (B=297 mT)

HERMES

Dz

Dzz

PT = 0845 plusmn 0028

Longitudinal Field (B=335 mT)

HERMES Stored Positrons PINTEX Stored Protons

H

Fast reorientation in a weak field (xyz)

Targets work very reliably (months of stable operation)

Spin Workshop 05 Dubna M Contalbrigo - INFN Ferrara 34

Exploitation of Spin TransferExploitation of Spin Transfer

PAX will employ spin-filter from internal polarized hydrogen

target to antiprotons

Hydrogen gas target in strong field (300 mT)

F Rathmann et al PRL 71 1379 (1993)

Low energy pp scattering 1lt0 tot+lttot-

Expectation

Target Beam

FILTEX ResultsFILTEX Results

Spin Workshop 05 Dubna M Contalbrigo - INFN Ferrara 35

Puzzle from FILTEX TestPuzzle from FILTEX TestObserved polarization build-up dPdt = plusmn (124 plusmn 006) x 10-2 h-1

Expected build-up P(t)=tanh(tτpol)

1τpol=σ1Qdtf=24x10-2 h-1

about factor 2 larger

σ1 = 122 mb (pp phase shifts)Q = 083 plusmn 003dt = (56 plusmn 03) x 1013cm-2

f = 1177 MHz

Three distinct effects (measured 1=69 mb)

1 Selective removal through scattering beyond Ψacc=44 mrad σR=83 mb

2 Small angle scattering of target protons into ring acceptance σS=52 mb

3 Spin transfer from polarized electrons of the target atoms to the stored protons

σEM=70 mb (-) Horowitz amp Meyer PRL 72 3981 (1994)

HO Meyer PRE 50 1485 (1994)

Spin Workshop 05 Dubna M Contalbrigo - INFN Ferrara 36

01

02

03

04

Beam

Pola

riza

tion

P(2

middotτbeam)

10 T (MeV)100

EM only

5

10

30

20

40

Ψacc=50 mrad

0

1

Filter Test T = 23 MeV Ψacc= 44 mrad

Beam PolarizationBeam Polarization (Electromagnetic Interaction)(Electromagnetic Interaction)

Spin Workshop 05 Dubna M Contalbrigo - INFN Ferrara 37

Beam Polarization Beam Polarization (Hadronic Interaction Longitudinal Case)(Hadronic Interaction Longitudinal Case)

Experimental Tests requiredbullEM effect needs protons only (COSY)bullFinal Design of APR Filter test with p at AD (CERN)

Model D V Mull K Holinde Phys Rev C 51 2360 (1995)

Model A T Hippchen et al Phys Rev C 44 1323 (1991)

50 100 150 200 250 T (MeV) 50 100 150 200 T (MeV)

005

010

015

020

P

005

010

015

020

P

2 beam lifetimesΨacc=10-50 mrad

3 beam lifetimesΨacc=20 mrad

Spin Workshop 05 Dubna M Contalbrigo - INFN Ferrara 38

SMILESMILE SSpin pin MMeasurements easurements

in in IInteractions at nteractions at LLow ow EEnergy nergy

bull Study of spin-filtering process

bull Electromagnetic interaction unpolarized protons on polarized internal target at COSY

bull Hadronic interaction unpolarized antiprotons on polarized internal target at AD (CERN)

From COSY to FAIRhellipFrom COSY to FAIRhellip

Spin Workshop 05 Dubna M Contalbrigo - INFN Ferrara 39

OutlineOutlinebull Introduction

ndash Physics Casendash The FAIR project

bull PAX Accelerator Setupndash Stagingndash Antiproton Polarizer Ringndash Asymmetric Antiproton-Proton Collider

bull Experimentndash Conceptual Detector Designndash Preliminary Results for Drell-Yan Studiesndash Rate estimates

Spin Workshop 05 Dubna M Contalbrigo - INFN Ferrara 40

RINGS SETUP RINGS SETUP

asymmetric collider L = 2∙1030 cm-2s-1

Spin Workshop 05 Dubna M Contalbrigo - INFN Ferrara 41

OutlineOutlinebull Introduction

ndash Physics Casendash The FAIR project

bull PAX Accelerator Setupndash Stagingndash Antiproton Polarizer Ringndash Asymmetric Antiproton-Proton Collider

bull Experimentndash Conceptual Detector Designndash Preliminary Results for Drell-Yan Studiesndash Rate estimates

Spin Workshop 05 Dubna M Contalbrigo - INFN Ferrara 42

PAX Detector Concept PAX Detector Concept

Physics h1 distribution sin2 EMFF sin2

pbar-p elastic high |t|

Magnet Keeps beam polarization vertical Compatible with Cerenkov Compatible with polarized target

Detector Extremely rare DY signal (10-7 p-pbar) Maximum Bjorken-x coverage (M interval) Excellent PID (hadrone rejection ~ 104) High mass resolution (le2 )

Moderate lepton energies (05-5 GeV)

Azimuthally SymmetricBARREL GEOMETRY

LARGE ANGLES

Experiment Flexible Facility

TOROIDNO FRINGE FIELD

e+e-

Spin Workshop 05 Dubna M Contalbrigo - INFN Ferrara 43

PAX Detector Concept PAX Detector Concept

Designed for Collider but compatible with fixed target

Cerenkov(200 m)

(20 m)

GEANT simulation

Spin Workshop 05 Dubna M Contalbrigo - INFN Ferrara 44

OutlineOutlinebull Introduction

ndash Physics Casendash The FAIR project

bull PAX Accelerator Setupndash Stagingndash Antiproton Polarizer Ringndash Asymmetric Antiproton-Proton Collider

bull Experimentndash Conceptual Detector Designndash Preliminary Results for Drell-Yan Studiesndash Rate estimates

Spin Workshop 05 Dubna M Contalbrigo - INFN Ferrara 45

-p Phase Space-p Phase Space

Background peaks at low energy forward direction

acceptance

Spin Workshop 05 Dubna M Contalbrigo - INFN Ferrara 46

Background to Drell-Yan eBackground to Drell-Yan e++ee--

frac12 hour experiment 2∙108 p-pbar interactions several DY events

combinatorial+charm bckg

Background 11 to signal after PID Egt300 MeV conversion veto mass cut the combinatorial component can be subtracted (wrong-sign control sample) the charm can be reduced (vertex decay)

+-++ amp --

Spin Workshop 05 Dubna M Contalbrigo - INFN Ferrara 47

-p Phase Space-p Phase Space

Vertex resolution high enoughto study charm background

Better than 2 mass resol x dependence of h1

resonance vs continuum

Mandatory to study M below Jψ mass

Spin Workshop 05 Dubna M Contalbrigo - INFN Ferrara 48

OutlineOutlinebull Introduction

ndash Physics Casendash The FAIR project

bull PAX Accelerator Setupndash Stagingndash Antiproton Polarizer Ringndash Asymmetric Antiproton-Proton Collider

bull Experimentndash Conceptual Detector Designndash Preliminary Results for Drell-Yan Studiesndash Rate estimates

Spin Workshop 05 Dubna M Contalbrigo - INFN Ferrara 49

10 precision on the h1u (x) in the valence region

1 year of data taking at 15+35 GeV collider L = 2∙1030 cm-2s-1

Precision in hPrecision in h11 measurement measurement

Spin Workshop 05 Dubna M Contalbrigo - INFN Ferrara 50

Summary

bull PAX project has an innovative spin physics program transversity SSA EMFF hard p-pbar scatterings

bull A method to obtain an antiproton beam with high degree of polarization has to be optimized (APR)

bull PAX viable accelerator setup provides fexible 2nd IP really matched to the physics items lots of interesting QCD physics in PAX Phase-I asymmetric collider ideal to map transversity (Phase-II)

Spin Workshop 05 Dubna M Contalbrigo - INFN Ferrara 51

Background to Drell-Yan eBackground to Drell-Yan e++ee--

frac12 hour experiment 2∙108 p-pbar interactions several DY events

combinatorial+charm bckg

Background 11 to signal after PID Egt300 MeV conversion veto mass cut the combinatorial component can be subtracted (wrong-sign control sample) the charm can be reduced (vertex decay)

+-++ amp --

Spin Workshop 05 Dubna M Contalbrigo - INFN Ferrara 52

PAX Integrated Luminosities for Physics PAX Integrated Luminosities for Physics CasesCases

pb-1

fb-1

Inte

gra

ted

Lu

min

osi

ty

EMFF DSA s=376 GeV2

ppbar elastic DSA t=4 GeV2

Phase-I L=151031 cm-2s-1

Antiproton Beam Polarization Ppbar=03 Proton Polarization Pp=08

Phase-II L=21030 cm-2s-1

EMFF DSA s=9 GeV2

Absolute Error ΔDSA=005

h1 DSA Mgt2 GeV Δ=10

h1 DSA Mgt4 GeV Δ=20

(1 y)

(4 y)(1 y)

Spin Workshop 05 Dubna M Contalbrigo - INFN Ferrara 53

q q

q qqqqq

TTTT xqxqxqxqe

xhxhxhxheaA

)()()()(

)()()()(ˆ

dd

dd

21212

211121112

Barone Calarco Drago

Martin Schaumlfer Stratmann Vogelsang

h1 from p-p Drell-Yan at RICHU70

h1q (x Q2) small and with much slower evolution than

Δq(x Q2) and q(x Q2) at small x

h1q (x Q2)- h1q (x Q2)ne

RHIC τ=x1x2~10-3 rarr sea quarks (ATT very small ~ 001 )

3102 RICH energies 22 GeV 100 GeV 200 Ms

  • PAX Polarized Antiproton eXperiments
  • PAX Collaboration
  • Slide 3
  • Outline
  • Slide 5
  • Slide 6
  • Slide 7
  • Slide 8
  • Slide 9
  • Slide 10
  • Slide 11
  • Slide 12
  • Slide 13
  • Slide 14
  • Slide 15
  • Slide 16
  • Slide 17
  • Slide 18
  • pp Elastic Scattering from ZGS
  • Slide 20
  • Proton Electromagnetic Formfactors
  • Slide 22
  • Slide 23
  • Slide 24
  • Slide 25
  • Slide 26
  • PAX Accelerator Setup
  • Slide 28
  • Slide 29
  • Slide 30
  • Slide 31
  • Slide 32
  • Slide 33
  • Slide 34
  • Slide 35
  • Slide 36
  • Slide 37
  • SMILE Spin Measurements in Interactions at Low Energy
  • Slide 39
  • Slide 40
  • Slide 41
  • Slide 42
  • Slide 43
  • Slide 44
  • Slide 45
  • Slide 46
  • Slide 47
  • Slide 48
  • Slide 49
  • Summary
  • Slide 51
  • PAX Integrated Luminosities for Physics Cases
  • Slide 53
Page 16: PAX Polarized Antiproton eXperiments

Spin Workshop 05 Dubna M Contalbrigo - INFN Ferrara 16

SSA SIDIS

Collins Sivers HERMES

Spin Workshop 05 Dubna M Contalbrigo - INFN Ferrara 17

SSA SIDIS

COMPASS

Spin Workshop 05 Dubna M Contalbrigo - INFN Ferrara 18

Physics with polarized antiprotons at GSI-PAX

Transversity via Drell-Yan processes

TTA direct access to transversity

Transverse Single Spin Asymmetries

QCD ldquotheoremrdquo (Sivers)D-Y = ndash (Sivers)DISNA

Time-like elm form factors

llpp form factors

Elastic processes

SLSSLLNNN AAA AA spin mysteries like in pp

High Energy

Low Energy

Spin Workshop 05 Dubna M Contalbrigo - INFN Ferrara 19

pp Elastic Scattering from ZGSpp Elastic Scattering from ZGS

Spin-dependence at large-PSpin-dependence at large-P (90deg90degcmcm))

Hard scattering takes Hard scattering takes place only with spins place only with spins

DG Crabb et al PRL 41 1257 (1978)

T=1085 GeV

Similar studies in pp elastic scattering

Spin Workshop 05 Dubna M Contalbrigo - INFN Ferrara 20

Physics with polarized antiprotons at GSI-PAX

Transversity via Drell-Yan processes

TTA direct access to transversity

Transverse Single Spin Asymmetries

QCD ldquotheoremrdquo (Sivers)D-Y = ndash (Sivers)DISNA

Time-like elm form factors

llpp form factors

Elastic processes

SLSSLLNNN AAA AA spin mysteries like in pp

High Energy

Low Energy

Spin Workshop 05 Dubna M Contalbrigo - INFN Ferrara 21

(Phys RevC 68 (2003) 034325)

JLab PT data

SLAC RS data

TWO DIFFERENTS METHODS

TWO DIFFERENTS RESULTS

COMPARISON BETWEEN

ROSENBLUTH SEPARATION AND

POLARIZATION TRANSFER TECNIQUES

Proton Electromagnetic Proton Electromagnetic Formfactors Formfactors

Spin Workshop 05 Dubna M Contalbrigo - INFN Ferrara 22

Proton Electromagnetic Proton Electromagnetic Formfactors Formfactors

bull Single-spin asymmetry in pp rarr e+e-

ndash Measurement of relative phases of magnetic and electric FF in the time-like region

bull Double-spin asymmetry in pp rarr e+e-

ndash independent GE-Gm separation

ndash test of Rosenbluth separation in the time-like region

2

p2

2E

22M

2M

E

y

m4q

|G|)(sin|G|)(cos1

)GGIm()2sin(A

S Brodsky et al Phys Rev D69 (2004)

Spin Workshop 05 Dubna M Contalbrigo - INFN Ferrara 23

OutlineOutlinebull Introduction

ndash Physics Casendash The FAIR project

bull PAX Accelerator Setupndash Stagingndash Antiproton Polarizer Ringndash Asymmetric Antiproton-Proton Collider

bull Experimentndash Conceptual Detector Designndash Preliminary Results for Drell-Yan Studiesndash Rate estimates

Spin Workshop 05 Dubna M Contalbrigo - INFN Ferrara 24

Facilty for Antiproton and Ion Research (GSI Darmstadt Germany)

-Proton linac (injector)-2 synchrotons (30 GeV p)-A number of storage rings Parallel beams operation

Spin Workshop 05 Dubna M Contalbrigo - INFN Ferrara 25

HESR

Antiproton Production

Target

HESR (High Energy Storage Ring) p = 15 - 15 GeVc (22 GeVc) (Length 442 m Bρ = 50 Tm)

PANDA storage ring (N=5 x 1010

pbar)

High luminosity mode (Δpp ~ 10-4) Luminosity = 2 x 1032 cm-2s-1

High resolution mode (Δpp ~ 10-5 ) Luminosity = 1031 cm-2s-1

PAX synchroton (N=3 x 1011 pbar) Preserve polarization Luminosity = 2 x 1030 cm-2s-1

The Antiproton FacilityThe Antiproton Facility

bullAntiproton production similar to CERN

bullProduction rate 107sec at 30 GeV

SuperFRS

NESR

CR

Beam Cooling e- andor stochastic

SIS100300

Spin Workshop 05 Dubna M Contalbrigo - INFN Ferrara 26

OutlineOutlinebull Introduction

ndash Physics Casendash The FAIR project

bull PAX Accelerator Setupndash Stagingndash Antiproton Polarizer Ringndash Asymmetric Antiproton-Proton Collider

bull Experimentndash Conceptual Detector Designndash Preliminary Results for Drell-Yan Studiesndash Rate estimates

Spin Workshop 05 Dubna M Contalbrigo - INFN Ferrara 27

PAX Accelerator SetupPAX Accelerator Setup

In the following focus on two issuesbull Antiproton Polarizer Ring (APR)bull Asymmetric Antiproton-Proton Collider

Spin Workshop 05 Dubna M Contalbrigo - INFN Ferrara 28

Staging Staging Phase I (PAXCSR)Phase I (PAXCSR)

Physics EMFFpbar-p elastic

Experiment polunpol pbar on internal polarized target

Independent from HESR running

Spin Workshop 05 Dubna M Contalbrigo - INFN Ferrara 29

Staging Staging Phase II (PAXHESR)Phase II (PAXHESR)

EXPERIMENT1 Asymmetric collider polarized antiprotons in HESR (p=15 GeVc)

polarized protons in CSR (p=35 GeVc)2 Internal polarized target with 22 GeVc polarized antiproton

beam

Physics Transversity

Second IP with minor interference with PANDA

Spin Workshop 05 Dubna M Contalbrigo - INFN Ferrara 30

OutlineOutlinebull Introduction

ndash Physics Casendash The FAIR project

bull PAX Accelerator Setupndash Stagingndash Antiproton Polarizer Ringndash Asymmetric Antiproton-Proton Collider

bull Experimentndash Conceptual Detector Designndash Preliminary Results for Drell-Yan Studiesndash Rate estimates

Spin Workshop 05 Dubna M Contalbrigo - INFN Ferrara 31

Principle of spin filter methodPrinciple of spin filter method

P beam polarizationQ target polarizationk || beam direction

σtot = σ0 + σmiddotPmiddotQ + σ||middot(Pmiddotk)(Qmiddotk)

transverse case

Q0tot

longitudinal case

Q)( ||0tot

For initially equally populated spin states (m=+frac12) and (m=-frac12)

Unpolarized anti-p beam

Polarized H target

Spin Workshop 05 Dubna M Contalbrigo - INFN Ferrara 32

The HERMES targetThe HERMES target

Atomic Beam SourceNIM A 505 (2003) 633

Pz+ = |1gt + |4gt

Pz- = |2gt + |3gt

mmjj = = ++1212

mmjj = = --1212

mmii=-12=-12

mmii=-12=-12

mmii=+1=+122

mmii=+1=+122

1|1gt|2gt

|3gt|4gt

ee-

pp|1gt

Spin Workshop 05 Dubna M Contalbrigo - INFN Ferrara 33

Performance of Polarized Internal Performance of Polarized Internal TargetsTargets

PT = 0795 0033

HERMES

H Transverse Field (B=297 mT)

HERMES

Dz

Dzz

PT = 0845 plusmn 0028

Longitudinal Field (B=335 mT)

HERMES Stored Positrons PINTEX Stored Protons

H

Fast reorientation in a weak field (xyz)

Targets work very reliably (months of stable operation)

Spin Workshop 05 Dubna M Contalbrigo - INFN Ferrara 34

Exploitation of Spin TransferExploitation of Spin Transfer

PAX will employ spin-filter from internal polarized hydrogen

target to antiprotons

Hydrogen gas target in strong field (300 mT)

F Rathmann et al PRL 71 1379 (1993)

Low energy pp scattering 1lt0 tot+lttot-

Expectation

Target Beam

FILTEX ResultsFILTEX Results

Spin Workshop 05 Dubna M Contalbrigo - INFN Ferrara 35

Puzzle from FILTEX TestPuzzle from FILTEX TestObserved polarization build-up dPdt = plusmn (124 plusmn 006) x 10-2 h-1

Expected build-up P(t)=tanh(tτpol)

1τpol=σ1Qdtf=24x10-2 h-1

about factor 2 larger

σ1 = 122 mb (pp phase shifts)Q = 083 plusmn 003dt = (56 plusmn 03) x 1013cm-2

f = 1177 MHz

Three distinct effects (measured 1=69 mb)

1 Selective removal through scattering beyond Ψacc=44 mrad σR=83 mb

2 Small angle scattering of target protons into ring acceptance σS=52 mb

3 Spin transfer from polarized electrons of the target atoms to the stored protons

σEM=70 mb (-) Horowitz amp Meyer PRL 72 3981 (1994)

HO Meyer PRE 50 1485 (1994)

Spin Workshop 05 Dubna M Contalbrigo - INFN Ferrara 36

01

02

03

04

Beam

Pola

riza

tion

P(2

middotτbeam)

10 T (MeV)100

EM only

5

10

30

20

40

Ψacc=50 mrad

0

1

Filter Test T = 23 MeV Ψacc= 44 mrad

Beam PolarizationBeam Polarization (Electromagnetic Interaction)(Electromagnetic Interaction)

Spin Workshop 05 Dubna M Contalbrigo - INFN Ferrara 37

Beam Polarization Beam Polarization (Hadronic Interaction Longitudinal Case)(Hadronic Interaction Longitudinal Case)

Experimental Tests requiredbullEM effect needs protons only (COSY)bullFinal Design of APR Filter test with p at AD (CERN)

Model D V Mull K Holinde Phys Rev C 51 2360 (1995)

Model A T Hippchen et al Phys Rev C 44 1323 (1991)

50 100 150 200 250 T (MeV) 50 100 150 200 T (MeV)

005

010

015

020

P

005

010

015

020

P

2 beam lifetimesΨacc=10-50 mrad

3 beam lifetimesΨacc=20 mrad

Spin Workshop 05 Dubna M Contalbrigo - INFN Ferrara 38

SMILESMILE SSpin pin MMeasurements easurements

in in IInteractions at nteractions at LLow ow EEnergy nergy

bull Study of spin-filtering process

bull Electromagnetic interaction unpolarized protons on polarized internal target at COSY

bull Hadronic interaction unpolarized antiprotons on polarized internal target at AD (CERN)

From COSY to FAIRhellipFrom COSY to FAIRhellip

Spin Workshop 05 Dubna M Contalbrigo - INFN Ferrara 39

OutlineOutlinebull Introduction

ndash Physics Casendash The FAIR project

bull PAX Accelerator Setupndash Stagingndash Antiproton Polarizer Ringndash Asymmetric Antiproton-Proton Collider

bull Experimentndash Conceptual Detector Designndash Preliminary Results for Drell-Yan Studiesndash Rate estimates

Spin Workshop 05 Dubna M Contalbrigo - INFN Ferrara 40

RINGS SETUP RINGS SETUP

asymmetric collider L = 2∙1030 cm-2s-1

Spin Workshop 05 Dubna M Contalbrigo - INFN Ferrara 41

OutlineOutlinebull Introduction

ndash Physics Casendash The FAIR project

bull PAX Accelerator Setupndash Stagingndash Antiproton Polarizer Ringndash Asymmetric Antiproton-Proton Collider

bull Experimentndash Conceptual Detector Designndash Preliminary Results for Drell-Yan Studiesndash Rate estimates

Spin Workshop 05 Dubna M Contalbrigo - INFN Ferrara 42

PAX Detector Concept PAX Detector Concept

Physics h1 distribution sin2 EMFF sin2

pbar-p elastic high |t|

Magnet Keeps beam polarization vertical Compatible with Cerenkov Compatible with polarized target

Detector Extremely rare DY signal (10-7 p-pbar) Maximum Bjorken-x coverage (M interval) Excellent PID (hadrone rejection ~ 104) High mass resolution (le2 )

Moderate lepton energies (05-5 GeV)

Azimuthally SymmetricBARREL GEOMETRY

LARGE ANGLES

Experiment Flexible Facility

TOROIDNO FRINGE FIELD

e+e-

Spin Workshop 05 Dubna M Contalbrigo - INFN Ferrara 43

PAX Detector Concept PAX Detector Concept

Designed for Collider but compatible with fixed target

Cerenkov(200 m)

(20 m)

GEANT simulation

Spin Workshop 05 Dubna M Contalbrigo - INFN Ferrara 44

OutlineOutlinebull Introduction

ndash Physics Casendash The FAIR project

bull PAX Accelerator Setupndash Stagingndash Antiproton Polarizer Ringndash Asymmetric Antiproton-Proton Collider

bull Experimentndash Conceptual Detector Designndash Preliminary Results for Drell-Yan Studiesndash Rate estimates

Spin Workshop 05 Dubna M Contalbrigo - INFN Ferrara 45

-p Phase Space-p Phase Space

Background peaks at low energy forward direction

acceptance

Spin Workshop 05 Dubna M Contalbrigo - INFN Ferrara 46

Background to Drell-Yan eBackground to Drell-Yan e++ee--

frac12 hour experiment 2∙108 p-pbar interactions several DY events

combinatorial+charm bckg

Background 11 to signal after PID Egt300 MeV conversion veto mass cut the combinatorial component can be subtracted (wrong-sign control sample) the charm can be reduced (vertex decay)

+-++ amp --

Spin Workshop 05 Dubna M Contalbrigo - INFN Ferrara 47

-p Phase Space-p Phase Space

Vertex resolution high enoughto study charm background

Better than 2 mass resol x dependence of h1

resonance vs continuum

Mandatory to study M below Jψ mass

Spin Workshop 05 Dubna M Contalbrigo - INFN Ferrara 48

OutlineOutlinebull Introduction

ndash Physics Casendash The FAIR project

bull PAX Accelerator Setupndash Stagingndash Antiproton Polarizer Ringndash Asymmetric Antiproton-Proton Collider

bull Experimentndash Conceptual Detector Designndash Preliminary Results for Drell-Yan Studiesndash Rate estimates

Spin Workshop 05 Dubna M Contalbrigo - INFN Ferrara 49

10 precision on the h1u (x) in the valence region

1 year of data taking at 15+35 GeV collider L = 2∙1030 cm-2s-1

Precision in hPrecision in h11 measurement measurement

Spin Workshop 05 Dubna M Contalbrigo - INFN Ferrara 50

Summary

bull PAX project has an innovative spin physics program transversity SSA EMFF hard p-pbar scatterings

bull A method to obtain an antiproton beam with high degree of polarization has to be optimized (APR)

bull PAX viable accelerator setup provides fexible 2nd IP really matched to the physics items lots of interesting QCD physics in PAX Phase-I asymmetric collider ideal to map transversity (Phase-II)

Spin Workshop 05 Dubna M Contalbrigo - INFN Ferrara 51

Background to Drell-Yan eBackground to Drell-Yan e++ee--

frac12 hour experiment 2∙108 p-pbar interactions several DY events

combinatorial+charm bckg

Background 11 to signal after PID Egt300 MeV conversion veto mass cut the combinatorial component can be subtracted (wrong-sign control sample) the charm can be reduced (vertex decay)

+-++ amp --

Spin Workshop 05 Dubna M Contalbrigo - INFN Ferrara 52

PAX Integrated Luminosities for Physics PAX Integrated Luminosities for Physics CasesCases

pb-1

fb-1

Inte

gra

ted

Lu

min

osi

ty

EMFF DSA s=376 GeV2

ppbar elastic DSA t=4 GeV2

Phase-I L=151031 cm-2s-1

Antiproton Beam Polarization Ppbar=03 Proton Polarization Pp=08

Phase-II L=21030 cm-2s-1

EMFF DSA s=9 GeV2

Absolute Error ΔDSA=005

h1 DSA Mgt2 GeV Δ=10

h1 DSA Mgt4 GeV Δ=20

(1 y)

(4 y)(1 y)

Spin Workshop 05 Dubna M Contalbrigo - INFN Ferrara 53

q q

q qqqqq

TTTT xqxqxqxqe

xhxhxhxheaA

)()()()(

)()()()(ˆ

dd

dd

21212

211121112

Barone Calarco Drago

Martin Schaumlfer Stratmann Vogelsang

h1 from p-p Drell-Yan at RICHU70

h1q (x Q2) small and with much slower evolution than

Δq(x Q2) and q(x Q2) at small x

h1q (x Q2)- h1q (x Q2)ne

RHIC τ=x1x2~10-3 rarr sea quarks (ATT very small ~ 001 )

3102 RICH energies 22 GeV 100 GeV 200 Ms

  • PAX Polarized Antiproton eXperiments
  • PAX Collaboration
  • Slide 3
  • Outline
  • Slide 5
  • Slide 6
  • Slide 7
  • Slide 8
  • Slide 9
  • Slide 10
  • Slide 11
  • Slide 12
  • Slide 13
  • Slide 14
  • Slide 15
  • Slide 16
  • Slide 17
  • Slide 18
  • pp Elastic Scattering from ZGS
  • Slide 20
  • Proton Electromagnetic Formfactors
  • Slide 22
  • Slide 23
  • Slide 24
  • Slide 25
  • Slide 26
  • PAX Accelerator Setup
  • Slide 28
  • Slide 29
  • Slide 30
  • Slide 31
  • Slide 32
  • Slide 33
  • Slide 34
  • Slide 35
  • Slide 36
  • Slide 37
  • SMILE Spin Measurements in Interactions at Low Energy
  • Slide 39
  • Slide 40
  • Slide 41
  • Slide 42
  • Slide 43
  • Slide 44
  • Slide 45
  • Slide 46
  • Slide 47
  • Slide 48
  • Slide 49
  • Summary
  • Slide 51
  • PAX Integrated Luminosities for Physics Cases
  • Slide 53
Page 17: PAX Polarized Antiproton eXperiments

Spin Workshop 05 Dubna M Contalbrigo - INFN Ferrara 17

SSA SIDIS

COMPASS

Spin Workshop 05 Dubna M Contalbrigo - INFN Ferrara 18

Physics with polarized antiprotons at GSI-PAX

Transversity via Drell-Yan processes

TTA direct access to transversity

Transverse Single Spin Asymmetries

QCD ldquotheoremrdquo (Sivers)D-Y = ndash (Sivers)DISNA

Time-like elm form factors

llpp form factors

Elastic processes

SLSSLLNNN AAA AA spin mysteries like in pp

High Energy

Low Energy

Spin Workshop 05 Dubna M Contalbrigo - INFN Ferrara 19

pp Elastic Scattering from ZGSpp Elastic Scattering from ZGS

Spin-dependence at large-PSpin-dependence at large-P (90deg90degcmcm))

Hard scattering takes Hard scattering takes place only with spins place only with spins

DG Crabb et al PRL 41 1257 (1978)

T=1085 GeV

Similar studies in pp elastic scattering

Spin Workshop 05 Dubna M Contalbrigo - INFN Ferrara 20

Physics with polarized antiprotons at GSI-PAX

Transversity via Drell-Yan processes

TTA direct access to transversity

Transverse Single Spin Asymmetries

QCD ldquotheoremrdquo (Sivers)D-Y = ndash (Sivers)DISNA

Time-like elm form factors

llpp form factors

Elastic processes

SLSSLLNNN AAA AA spin mysteries like in pp

High Energy

Low Energy

Spin Workshop 05 Dubna M Contalbrigo - INFN Ferrara 21

(Phys RevC 68 (2003) 034325)

JLab PT data

SLAC RS data

TWO DIFFERENTS METHODS

TWO DIFFERENTS RESULTS

COMPARISON BETWEEN

ROSENBLUTH SEPARATION AND

POLARIZATION TRANSFER TECNIQUES

Proton Electromagnetic Proton Electromagnetic Formfactors Formfactors

Spin Workshop 05 Dubna M Contalbrigo - INFN Ferrara 22

Proton Electromagnetic Proton Electromagnetic Formfactors Formfactors

bull Single-spin asymmetry in pp rarr e+e-

ndash Measurement of relative phases of magnetic and electric FF in the time-like region

bull Double-spin asymmetry in pp rarr e+e-

ndash independent GE-Gm separation

ndash test of Rosenbluth separation in the time-like region

2

p2

2E

22M

2M

E

y

m4q

|G|)(sin|G|)(cos1

)GGIm()2sin(A

S Brodsky et al Phys Rev D69 (2004)

Spin Workshop 05 Dubna M Contalbrigo - INFN Ferrara 23

OutlineOutlinebull Introduction

ndash Physics Casendash The FAIR project

bull PAX Accelerator Setupndash Stagingndash Antiproton Polarizer Ringndash Asymmetric Antiproton-Proton Collider

bull Experimentndash Conceptual Detector Designndash Preliminary Results for Drell-Yan Studiesndash Rate estimates

Spin Workshop 05 Dubna M Contalbrigo - INFN Ferrara 24

Facilty for Antiproton and Ion Research (GSI Darmstadt Germany)

-Proton linac (injector)-2 synchrotons (30 GeV p)-A number of storage rings Parallel beams operation

Spin Workshop 05 Dubna M Contalbrigo - INFN Ferrara 25

HESR

Antiproton Production

Target

HESR (High Energy Storage Ring) p = 15 - 15 GeVc (22 GeVc) (Length 442 m Bρ = 50 Tm)

PANDA storage ring (N=5 x 1010

pbar)

High luminosity mode (Δpp ~ 10-4) Luminosity = 2 x 1032 cm-2s-1

High resolution mode (Δpp ~ 10-5 ) Luminosity = 1031 cm-2s-1

PAX synchroton (N=3 x 1011 pbar) Preserve polarization Luminosity = 2 x 1030 cm-2s-1

The Antiproton FacilityThe Antiproton Facility

bullAntiproton production similar to CERN

bullProduction rate 107sec at 30 GeV

SuperFRS

NESR

CR

Beam Cooling e- andor stochastic

SIS100300

Spin Workshop 05 Dubna M Contalbrigo - INFN Ferrara 26

OutlineOutlinebull Introduction

ndash Physics Casendash The FAIR project

bull PAX Accelerator Setupndash Stagingndash Antiproton Polarizer Ringndash Asymmetric Antiproton-Proton Collider

bull Experimentndash Conceptual Detector Designndash Preliminary Results for Drell-Yan Studiesndash Rate estimates

Spin Workshop 05 Dubna M Contalbrigo - INFN Ferrara 27

PAX Accelerator SetupPAX Accelerator Setup

In the following focus on two issuesbull Antiproton Polarizer Ring (APR)bull Asymmetric Antiproton-Proton Collider

Spin Workshop 05 Dubna M Contalbrigo - INFN Ferrara 28

Staging Staging Phase I (PAXCSR)Phase I (PAXCSR)

Physics EMFFpbar-p elastic

Experiment polunpol pbar on internal polarized target

Independent from HESR running

Spin Workshop 05 Dubna M Contalbrigo - INFN Ferrara 29

Staging Staging Phase II (PAXHESR)Phase II (PAXHESR)

EXPERIMENT1 Asymmetric collider polarized antiprotons in HESR (p=15 GeVc)

polarized protons in CSR (p=35 GeVc)2 Internal polarized target with 22 GeVc polarized antiproton

beam

Physics Transversity

Second IP with minor interference with PANDA

Spin Workshop 05 Dubna M Contalbrigo - INFN Ferrara 30

OutlineOutlinebull Introduction

ndash Physics Casendash The FAIR project

bull PAX Accelerator Setupndash Stagingndash Antiproton Polarizer Ringndash Asymmetric Antiproton-Proton Collider

bull Experimentndash Conceptual Detector Designndash Preliminary Results for Drell-Yan Studiesndash Rate estimates

Spin Workshop 05 Dubna M Contalbrigo - INFN Ferrara 31

Principle of spin filter methodPrinciple of spin filter method

P beam polarizationQ target polarizationk || beam direction

σtot = σ0 + σmiddotPmiddotQ + σ||middot(Pmiddotk)(Qmiddotk)

transverse case

Q0tot

longitudinal case

Q)( ||0tot

For initially equally populated spin states (m=+frac12) and (m=-frac12)

Unpolarized anti-p beam

Polarized H target

Spin Workshop 05 Dubna M Contalbrigo - INFN Ferrara 32

The HERMES targetThe HERMES target

Atomic Beam SourceNIM A 505 (2003) 633

Pz+ = |1gt + |4gt

Pz- = |2gt + |3gt

mmjj = = ++1212

mmjj = = --1212

mmii=-12=-12

mmii=-12=-12

mmii=+1=+122

mmii=+1=+122

1|1gt|2gt

|3gt|4gt

ee-

pp|1gt

Spin Workshop 05 Dubna M Contalbrigo - INFN Ferrara 33

Performance of Polarized Internal Performance of Polarized Internal TargetsTargets

PT = 0795 0033

HERMES

H Transverse Field (B=297 mT)

HERMES

Dz

Dzz

PT = 0845 plusmn 0028

Longitudinal Field (B=335 mT)

HERMES Stored Positrons PINTEX Stored Protons

H

Fast reorientation in a weak field (xyz)

Targets work very reliably (months of stable operation)

Spin Workshop 05 Dubna M Contalbrigo - INFN Ferrara 34

Exploitation of Spin TransferExploitation of Spin Transfer

PAX will employ spin-filter from internal polarized hydrogen

target to antiprotons

Hydrogen gas target in strong field (300 mT)

F Rathmann et al PRL 71 1379 (1993)

Low energy pp scattering 1lt0 tot+lttot-

Expectation

Target Beam

FILTEX ResultsFILTEX Results

Spin Workshop 05 Dubna M Contalbrigo - INFN Ferrara 35

Puzzle from FILTEX TestPuzzle from FILTEX TestObserved polarization build-up dPdt = plusmn (124 plusmn 006) x 10-2 h-1

Expected build-up P(t)=tanh(tτpol)

1τpol=σ1Qdtf=24x10-2 h-1

about factor 2 larger

σ1 = 122 mb (pp phase shifts)Q = 083 plusmn 003dt = (56 plusmn 03) x 1013cm-2

f = 1177 MHz

Three distinct effects (measured 1=69 mb)

1 Selective removal through scattering beyond Ψacc=44 mrad σR=83 mb

2 Small angle scattering of target protons into ring acceptance σS=52 mb

3 Spin transfer from polarized electrons of the target atoms to the stored protons

σEM=70 mb (-) Horowitz amp Meyer PRL 72 3981 (1994)

HO Meyer PRE 50 1485 (1994)

Spin Workshop 05 Dubna M Contalbrigo - INFN Ferrara 36

01

02

03

04

Beam

Pola

riza

tion

P(2

middotτbeam)

10 T (MeV)100

EM only

5

10

30

20

40

Ψacc=50 mrad

0

1

Filter Test T = 23 MeV Ψacc= 44 mrad

Beam PolarizationBeam Polarization (Electromagnetic Interaction)(Electromagnetic Interaction)

Spin Workshop 05 Dubna M Contalbrigo - INFN Ferrara 37

Beam Polarization Beam Polarization (Hadronic Interaction Longitudinal Case)(Hadronic Interaction Longitudinal Case)

Experimental Tests requiredbullEM effect needs protons only (COSY)bullFinal Design of APR Filter test with p at AD (CERN)

Model D V Mull K Holinde Phys Rev C 51 2360 (1995)

Model A T Hippchen et al Phys Rev C 44 1323 (1991)

50 100 150 200 250 T (MeV) 50 100 150 200 T (MeV)

005

010

015

020

P

005

010

015

020

P

2 beam lifetimesΨacc=10-50 mrad

3 beam lifetimesΨacc=20 mrad

Spin Workshop 05 Dubna M Contalbrigo - INFN Ferrara 38

SMILESMILE SSpin pin MMeasurements easurements

in in IInteractions at nteractions at LLow ow EEnergy nergy

bull Study of spin-filtering process

bull Electromagnetic interaction unpolarized protons on polarized internal target at COSY

bull Hadronic interaction unpolarized antiprotons on polarized internal target at AD (CERN)

From COSY to FAIRhellipFrom COSY to FAIRhellip

Spin Workshop 05 Dubna M Contalbrigo - INFN Ferrara 39

OutlineOutlinebull Introduction

ndash Physics Casendash The FAIR project

bull PAX Accelerator Setupndash Stagingndash Antiproton Polarizer Ringndash Asymmetric Antiproton-Proton Collider

bull Experimentndash Conceptual Detector Designndash Preliminary Results for Drell-Yan Studiesndash Rate estimates

Spin Workshop 05 Dubna M Contalbrigo - INFN Ferrara 40

RINGS SETUP RINGS SETUP

asymmetric collider L = 2∙1030 cm-2s-1

Spin Workshop 05 Dubna M Contalbrigo - INFN Ferrara 41

OutlineOutlinebull Introduction

ndash Physics Casendash The FAIR project

bull PAX Accelerator Setupndash Stagingndash Antiproton Polarizer Ringndash Asymmetric Antiproton-Proton Collider

bull Experimentndash Conceptual Detector Designndash Preliminary Results for Drell-Yan Studiesndash Rate estimates

Spin Workshop 05 Dubna M Contalbrigo - INFN Ferrara 42

PAX Detector Concept PAX Detector Concept

Physics h1 distribution sin2 EMFF sin2

pbar-p elastic high |t|

Magnet Keeps beam polarization vertical Compatible with Cerenkov Compatible with polarized target

Detector Extremely rare DY signal (10-7 p-pbar) Maximum Bjorken-x coverage (M interval) Excellent PID (hadrone rejection ~ 104) High mass resolution (le2 )

Moderate lepton energies (05-5 GeV)

Azimuthally SymmetricBARREL GEOMETRY

LARGE ANGLES

Experiment Flexible Facility

TOROIDNO FRINGE FIELD

e+e-

Spin Workshop 05 Dubna M Contalbrigo - INFN Ferrara 43

PAX Detector Concept PAX Detector Concept

Designed for Collider but compatible with fixed target

Cerenkov(200 m)

(20 m)

GEANT simulation

Spin Workshop 05 Dubna M Contalbrigo - INFN Ferrara 44

OutlineOutlinebull Introduction

ndash Physics Casendash The FAIR project

bull PAX Accelerator Setupndash Stagingndash Antiproton Polarizer Ringndash Asymmetric Antiproton-Proton Collider

bull Experimentndash Conceptual Detector Designndash Preliminary Results for Drell-Yan Studiesndash Rate estimates

Spin Workshop 05 Dubna M Contalbrigo - INFN Ferrara 45

-p Phase Space-p Phase Space

Background peaks at low energy forward direction

acceptance

Spin Workshop 05 Dubna M Contalbrigo - INFN Ferrara 46

Background to Drell-Yan eBackground to Drell-Yan e++ee--

frac12 hour experiment 2∙108 p-pbar interactions several DY events

combinatorial+charm bckg

Background 11 to signal after PID Egt300 MeV conversion veto mass cut the combinatorial component can be subtracted (wrong-sign control sample) the charm can be reduced (vertex decay)

+-++ amp --

Spin Workshop 05 Dubna M Contalbrigo - INFN Ferrara 47

-p Phase Space-p Phase Space

Vertex resolution high enoughto study charm background

Better than 2 mass resol x dependence of h1

resonance vs continuum

Mandatory to study M below Jψ mass

Spin Workshop 05 Dubna M Contalbrigo - INFN Ferrara 48

OutlineOutlinebull Introduction

ndash Physics Casendash The FAIR project

bull PAX Accelerator Setupndash Stagingndash Antiproton Polarizer Ringndash Asymmetric Antiproton-Proton Collider

bull Experimentndash Conceptual Detector Designndash Preliminary Results for Drell-Yan Studiesndash Rate estimates

Spin Workshop 05 Dubna M Contalbrigo - INFN Ferrara 49

10 precision on the h1u (x) in the valence region

1 year of data taking at 15+35 GeV collider L = 2∙1030 cm-2s-1

Precision in hPrecision in h11 measurement measurement

Spin Workshop 05 Dubna M Contalbrigo - INFN Ferrara 50

Summary

bull PAX project has an innovative spin physics program transversity SSA EMFF hard p-pbar scatterings

bull A method to obtain an antiproton beam with high degree of polarization has to be optimized (APR)

bull PAX viable accelerator setup provides fexible 2nd IP really matched to the physics items lots of interesting QCD physics in PAX Phase-I asymmetric collider ideal to map transversity (Phase-II)

Spin Workshop 05 Dubna M Contalbrigo - INFN Ferrara 51

Background to Drell-Yan eBackground to Drell-Yan e++ee--

frac12 hour experiment 2∙108 p-pbar interactions several DY events

combinatorial+charm bckg

Background 11 to signal after PID Egt300 MeV conversion veto mass cut the combinatorial component can be subtracted (wrong-sign control sample) the charm can be reduced (vertex decay)

+-++ amp --

Spin Workshop 05 Dubna M Contalbrigo - INFN Ferrara 52

PAX Integrated Luminosities for Physics PAX Integrated Luminosities for Physics CasesCases

pb-1

fb-1

Inte

gra

ted

Lu

min

osi

ty

EMFF DSA s=376 GeV2

ppbar elastic DSA t=4 GeV2

Phase-I L=151031 cm-2s-1

Antiproton Beam Polarization Ppbar=03 Proton Polarization Pp=08

Phase-II L=21030 cm-2s-1

EMFF DSA s=9 GeV2

Absolute Error ΔDSA=005

h1 DSA Mgt2 GeV Δ=10

h1 DSA Mgt4 GeV Δ=20

(1 y)

(4 y)(1 y)

Spin Workshop 05 Dubna M Contalbrigo - INFN Ferrara 53

q q

q qqqqq

TTTT xqxqxqxqe

xhxhxhxheaA

)()()()(

)()()()(ˆ

dd

dd

21212

211121112

Barone Calarco Drago

Martin Schaumlfer Stratmann Vogelsang

h1 from p-p Drell-Yan at RICHU70

h1q (x Q2) small and with much slower evolution than

Δq(x Q2) and q(x Q2) at small x

h1q (x Q2)- h1q (x Q2)ne

RHIC τ=x1x2~10-3 rarr sea quarks (ATT very small ~ 001 )

3102 RICH energies 22 GeV 100 GeV 200 Ms

  • PAX Polarized Antiproton eXperiments
  • PAX Collaboration
  • Slide 3
  • Outline
  • Slide 5
  • Slide 6
  • Slide 7
  • Slide 8
  • Slide 9
  • Slide 10
  • Slide 11
  • Slide 12
  • Slide 13
  • Slide 14
  • Slide 15
  • Slide 16
  • Slide 17
  • Slide 18
  • pp Elastic Scattering from ZGS
  • Slide 20
  • Proton Electromagnetic Formfactors
  • Slide 22
  • Slide 23
  • Slide 24
  • Slide 25
  • Slide 26
  • PAX Accelerator Setup
  • Slide 28
  • Slide 29
  • Slide 30
  • Slide 31
  • Slide 32
  • Slide 33
  • Slide 34
  • Slide 35
  • Slide 36
  • Slide 37
  • SMILE Spin Measurements in Interactions at Low Energy
  • Slide 39
  • Slide 40
  • Slide 41
  • Slide 42
  • Slide 43
  • Slide 44
  • Slide 45
  • Slide 46
  • Slide 47
  • Slide 48
  • Slide 49
  • Summary
  • Slide 51
  • PAX Integrated Luminosities for Physics Cases
  • Slide 53
Page 18: PAX Polarized Antiproton eXperiments

Spin Workshop 05 Dubna M Contalbrigo - INFN Ferrara 18

Physics with polarized antiprotons at GSI-PAX

Transversity via Drell-Yan processes

TTA direct access to transversity

Transverse Single Spin Asymmetries

QCD ldquotheoremrdquo (Sivers)D-Y = ndash (Sivers)DISNA

Time-like elm form factors

llpp form factors

Elastic processes

SLSSLLNNN AAA AA spin mysteries like in pp

High Energy

Low Energy

Spin Workshop 05 Dubna M Contalbrigo - INFN Ferrara 19

pp Elastic Scattering from ZGSpp Elastic Scattering from ZGS

Spin-dependence at large-PSpin-dependence at large-P (90deg90degcmcm))

Hard scattering takes Hard scattering takes place only with spins place only with spins

DG Crabb et al PRL 41 1257 (1978)

T=1085 GeV

Similar studies in pp elastic scattering

Spin Workshop 05 Dubna M Contalbrigo - INFN Ferrara 20

Physics with polarized antiprotons at GSI-PAX

Transversity via Drell-Yan processes

TTA direct access to transversity

Transverse Single Spin Asymmetries

QCD ldquotheoremrdquo (Sivers)D-Y = ndash (Sivers)DISNA

Time-like elm form factors

llpp form factors

Elastic processes

SLSSLLNNN AAA AA spin mysteries like in pp

High Energy

Low Energy

Spin Workshop 05 Dubna M Contalbrigo - INFN Ferrara 21

(Phys RevC 68 (2003) 034325)

JLab PT data

SLAC RS data

TWO DIFFERENTS METHODS

TWO DIFFERENTS RESULTS

COMPARISON BETWEEN

ROSENBLUTH SEPARATION AND

POLARIZATION TRANSFER TECNIQUES

Proton Electromagnetic Proton Electromagnetic Formfactors Formfactors

Spin Workshop 05 Dubna M Contalbrigo - INFN Ferrara 22

Proton Electromagnetic Proton Electromagnetic Formfactors Formfactors

bull Single-spin asymmetry in pp rarr e+e-

ndash Measurement of relative phases of magnetic and electric FF in the time-like region

bull Double-spin asymmetry in pp rarr e+e-

ndash independent GE-Gm separation

ndash test of Rosenbluth separation in the time-like region

2

p2

2E

22M

2M

E

y

m4q

|G|)(sin|G|)(cos1

)GGIm()2sin(A

S Brodsky et al Phys Rev D69 (2004)

Spin Workshop 05 Dubna M Contalbrigo - INFN Ferrara 23

OutlineOutlinebull Introduction

ndash Physics Casendash The FAIR project

bull PAX Accelerator Setupndash Stagingndash Antiproton Polarizer Ringndash Asymmetric Antiproton-Proton Collider

bull Experimentndash Conceptual Detector Designndash Preliminary Results for Drell-Yan Studiesndash Rate estimates

Spin Workshop 05 Dubna M Contalbrigo - INFN Ferrara 24

Facilty for Antiproton and Ion Research (GSI Darmstadt Germany)

-Proton linac (injector)-2 synchrotons (30 GeV p)-A number of storage rings Parallel beams operation

Spin Workshop 05 Dubna M Contalbrigo - INFN Ferrara 25

HESR

Antiproton Production

Target

HESR (High Energy Storage Ring) p = 15 - 15 GeVc (22 GeVc) (Length 442 m Bρ = 50 Tm)

PANDA storage ring (N=5 x 1010

pbar)

High luminosity mode (Δpp ~ 10-4) Luminosity = 2 x 1032 cm-2s-1

High resolution mode (Δpp ~ 10-5 ) Luminosity = 1031 cm-2s-1

PAX synchroton (N=3 x 1011 pbar) Preserve polarization Luminosity = 2 x 1030 cm-2s-1

The Antiproton FacilityThe Antiproton Facility

bullAntiproton production similar to CERN

bullProduction rate 107sec at 30 GeV

SuperFRS

NESR

CR

Beam Cooling e- andor stochastic

SIS100300

Spin Workshop 05 Dubna M Contalbrigo - INFN Ferrara 26

OutlineOutlinebull Introduction

ndash Physics Casendash The FAIR project

bull PAX Accelerator Setupndash Stagingndash Antiproton Polarizer Ringndash Asymmetric Antiproton-Proton Collider

bull Experimentndash Conceptual Detector Designndash Preliminary Results for Drell-Yan Studiesndash Rate estimates

Spin Workshop 05 Dubna M Contalbrigo - INFN Ferrara 27

PAX Accelerator SetupPAX Accelerator Setup

In the following focus on two issuesbull Antiproton Polarizer Ring (APR)bull Asymmetric Antiproton-Proton Collider

Spin Workshop 05 Dubna M Contalbrigo - INFN Ferrara 28

Staging Staging Phase I (PAXCSR)Phase I (PAXCSR)

Physics EMFFpbar-p elastic

Experiment polunpol pbar on internal polarized target

Independent from HESR running

Spin Workshop 05 Dubna M Contalbrigo - INFN Ferrara 29

Staging Staging Phase II (PAXHESR)Phase II (PAXHESR)

EXPERIMENT1 Asymmetric collider polarized antiprotons in HESR (p=15 GeVc)

polarized protons in CSR (p=35 GeVc)2 Internal polarized target with 22 GeVc polarized antiproton

beam

Physics Transversity

Second IP with minor interference with PANDA

Spin Workshop 05 Dubna M Contalbrigo - INFN Ferrara 30

OutlineOutlinebull Introduction

ndash Physics Casendash The FAIR project

bull PAX Accelerator Setupndash Stagingndash Antiproton Polarizer Ringndash Asymmetric Antiproton-Proton Collider

bull Experimentndash Conceptual Detector Designndash Preliminary Results for Drell-Yan Studiesndash Rate estimates

Spin Workshop 05 Dubna M Contalbrigo - INFN Ferrara 31

Principle of spin filter methodPrinciple of spin filter method

P beam polarizationQ target polarizationk || beam direction

σtot = σ0 + σmiddotPmiddotQ + σ||middot(Pmiddotk)(Qmiddotk)

transverse case

Q0tot

longitudinal case

Q)( ||0tot

For initially equally populated spin states (m=+frac12) and (m=-frac12)

Unpolarized anti-p beam

Polarized H target

Spin Workshop 05 Dubna M Contalbrigo - INFN Ferrara 32

The HERMES targetThe HERMES target

Atomic Beam SourceNIM A 505 (2003) 633

Pz+ = |1gt + |4gt

Pz- = |2gt + |3gt

mmjj = = ++1212

mmjj = = --1212

mmii=-12=-12

mmii=-12=-12

mmii=+1=+122

mmii=+1=+122

1|1gt|2gt

|3gt|4gt

ee-

pp|1gt

Spin Workshop 05 Dubna M Contalbrigo - INFN Ferrara 33

Performance of Polarized Internal Performance of Polarized Internal TargetsTargets

PT = 0795 0033

HERMES

H Transverse Field (B=297 mT)

HERMES

Dz

Dzz

PT = 0845 plusmn 0028

Longitudinal Field (B=335 mT)

HERMES Stored Positrons PINTEX Stored Protons

H

Fast reorientation in a weak field (xyz)

Targets work very reliably (months of stable operation)

Spin Workshop 05 Dubna M Contalbrigo - INFN Ferrara 34

Exploitation of Spin TransferExploitation of Spin Transfer

PAX will employ spin-filter from internal polarized hydrogen

target to antiprotons

Hydrogen gas target in strong field (300 mT)

F Rathmann et al PRL 71 1379 (1993)

Low energy pp scattering 1lt0 tot+lttot-

Expectation

Target Beam

FILTEX ResultsFILTEX Results

Spin Workshop 05 Dubna M Contalbrigo - INFN Ferrara 35

Puzzle from FILTEX TestPuzzle from FILTEX TestObserved polarization build-up dPdt = plusmn (124 plusmn 006) x 10-2 h-1

Expected build-up P(t)=tanh(tτpol)

1τpol=σ1Qdtf=24x10-2 h-1

about factor 2 larger

σ1 = 122 mb (pp phase shifts)Q = 083 plusmn 003dt = (56 plusmn 03) x 1013cm-2

f = 1177 MHz

Three distinct effects (measured 1=69 mb)

1 Selective removal through scattering beyond Ψacc=44 mrad σR=83 mb

2 Small angle scattering of target protons into ring acceptance σS=52 mb

3 Spin transfer from polarized electrons of the target atoms to the stored protons

σEM=70 mb (-) Horowitz amp Meyer PRL 72 3981 (1994)

HO Meyer PRE 50 1485 (1994)

Spin Workshop 05 Dubna M Contalbrigo - INFN Ferrara 36

01

02

03

04

Beam

Pola

riza

tion

P(2

middotτbeam)

10 T (MeV)100

EM only

5

10

30

20

40

Ψacc=50 mrad

0

1

Filter Test T = 23 MeV Ψacc= 44 mrad

Beam PolarizationBeam Polarization (Electromagnetic Interaction)(Electromagnetic Interaction)

Spin Workshop 05 Dubna M Contalbrigo - INFN Ferrara 37

Beam Polarization Beam Polarization (Hadronic Interaction Longitudinal Case)(Hadronic Interaction Longitudinal Case)

Experimental Tests requiredbullEM effect needs protons only (COSY)bullFinal Design of APR Filter test with p at AD (CERN)

Model D V Mull K Holinde Phys Rev C 51 2360 (1995)

Model A T Hippchen et al Phys Rev C 44 1323 (1991)

50 100 150 200 250 T (MeV) 50 100 150 200 T (MeV)

005

010

015

020

P

005

010

015

020

P

2 beam lifetimesΨacc=10-50 mrad

3 beam lifetimesΨacc=20 mrad

Spin Workshop 05 Dubna M Contalbrigo - INFN Ferrara 38

SMILESMILE SSpin pin MMeasurements easurements

in in IInteractions at nteractions at LLow ow EEnergy nergy

bull Study of spin-filtering process

bull Electromagnetic interaction unpolarized protons on polarized internal target at COSY

bull Hadronic interaction unpolarized antiprotons on polarized internal target at AD (CERN)

From COSY to FAIRhellipFrom COSY to FAIRhellip

Spin Workshop 05 Dubna M Contalbrigo - INFN Ferrara 39

OutlineOutlinebull Introduction

ndash Physics Casendash The FAIR project

bull PAX Accelerator Setupndash Stagingndash Antiproton Polarizer Ringndash Asymmetric Antiproton-Proton Collider

bull Experimentndash Conceptual Detector Designndash Preliminary Results for Drell-Yan Studiesndash Rate estimates

Spin Workshop 05 Dubna M Contalbrigo - INFN Ferrara 40

RINGS SETUP RINGS SETUP

asymmetric collider L = 2∙1030 cm-2s-1

Spin Workshop 05 Dubna M Contalbrigo - INFN Ferrara 41

OutlineOutlinebull Introduction

ndash Physics Casendash The FAIR project

bull PAX Accelerator Setupndash Stagingndash Antiproton Polarizer Ringndash Asymmetric Antiproton-Proton Collider

bull Experimentndash Conceptual Detector Designndash Preliminary Results for Drell-Yan Studiesndash Rate estimates

Spin Workshop 05 Dubna M Contalbrigo - INFN Ferrara 42

PAX Detector Concept PAX Detector Concept

Physics h1 distribution sin2 EMFF sin2

pbar-p elastic high |t|

Magnet Keeps beam polarization vertical Compatible with Cerenkov Compatible with polarized target

Detector Extremely rare DY signal (10-7 p-pbar) Maximum Bjorken-x coverage (M interval) Excellent PID (hadrone rejection ~ 104) High mass resolution (le2 )

Moderate lepton energies (05-5 GeV)

Azimuthally SymmetricBARREL GEOMETRY

LARGE ANGLES

Experiment Flexible Facility

TOROIDNO FRINGE FIELD

e+e-

Spin Workshop 05 Dubna M Contalbrigo - INFN Ferrara 43

PAX Detector Concept PAX Detector Concept

Designed for Collider but compatible with fixed target

Cerenkov(200 m)

(20 m)

GEANT simulation

Spin Workshop 05 Dubna M Contalbrigo - INFN Ferrara 44

OutlineOutlinebull Introduction

ndash Physics Casendash The FAIR project

bull PAX Accelerator Setupndash Stagingndash Antiproton Polarizer Ringndash Asymmetric Antiproton-Proton Collider

bull Experimentndash Conceptual Detector Designndash Preliminary Results for Drell-Yan Studiesndash Rate estimates

Spin Workshop 05 Dubna M Contalbrigo - INFN Ferrara 45

-p Phase Space-p Phase Space

Background peaks at low energy forward direction

acceptance

Spin Workshop 05 Dubna M Contalbrigo - INFN Ferrara 46

Background to Drell-Yan eBackground to Drell-Yan e++ee--

frac12 hour experiment 2∙108 p-pbar interactions several DY events

combinatorial+charm bckg

Background 11 to signal after PID Egt300 MeV conversion veto mass cut the combinatorial component can be subtracted (wrong-sign control sample) the charm can be reduced (vertex decay)

+-++ amp --

Spin Workshop 05 Dubna M Contalbrigo - INFN Ferrara 47

-p Phase Space-p Phase Space

Vertex resolution high enoughto study charm background

Better than 2 mass resol x dependence of h1

resonance vs continuum

Mandatory to study M below Jψ mass

Spin Workshop 05 Dubna M Contalbrigo - INFN Ferrara 48

OutlineOutlinebull Introduction

ndash Physics Casendash The FAIR project

bull PAX Accelerator Setupndash Stagingndash Antiproton Polarizer Ringndash Asymmetric Antiproton-Proton Collider

bull Experimentndash Conceptual Detector Designndash Preliminary Results for Drell-Yan Studiesndash Rate estimates

Spin Workshop 05 Dubna M Contalbrigo - INFN Ferrara 49

10 precision on the h1u (x) in the valence region

1 year of data taking at 15+35 GeV collider L = 2∙1030 cm-2s-1

Precision in hPrecision in h11 measurement measurement

Spin Workshop 05 Dubna M Contalbrigo - INFN Ferrara 50

Summary

bull PAX project has an innovative spin physics program transversity SSA EMFF hard p-pbar scatterings

bull A method to obtain an antiproton beam with high degree of polarization has to be optimized (APR)

bull PAX viable accelerator setup provides fexible 2nd IP really matched to the physics items lots of interesting QCD physics in PAX Phase-I asymmetric collider ideal to map transversity (Phase-II)

Spin Workshop 05 Dubna M Contalbrigo - INFN Ferrara 51

Background to Drell-Yan eBackground to Drell-Yan e++ee--

frac12 hour experiment 2∙108 p-pbar interactions several DY events

combinatorial+charm bckg

Background 11 to signal after PID Egt300 MeV conversion veto mass cut the combinatorial component can be subtracted (wrong-sign control sample) the charm can be reduced (vertex decay)

+-++ amp --

Spin Workshop 05 Dubna M Contalbrigo - INFN Ferrara 52

PAX Integrated Luminosities for Physics PAX Integrated Luminosities for Physics CasesCases

pb-1

fb-1

Inte

gra

ted

Lu

min

osi

ty

EMFF DSA s=376 GeV2

ppbar elastic DSA t=4 GeV2

Phase-I L=151031 cm-2s-1

Antiproton Beam Polarization Ppbar=03 Proton Polarization Pp=08

Phase-II L=21030 cm-2s-1

EMFF DSA s=9 GeV2

Absolute Error ΔDSA=005

h1 DSA Mgt2 GeV Δ=10

h1 DSA Mgt4 GeV Δ=20

(1 y)

(4 y)(1 y)

Spin Workshop 05 Dubna M Contalbrigo - INFN Ferrara 53

q q

q qqqqq

TTTT xqxqxqxqe

xhxhxhxheaA

)()()()(

)()()()(ˆ

dd

dd

21212

211121112

Barone Calarco Drago

Martin Schaumlfer Stratmann Vogelsang

h1 from p-p Drell-Yan at RICHU70

h1q (x Q2) small and with much slower evolution than

Δq(x Q2) and q(x Q2) at small x

h1q (x Q2)- h1q (x Q2)ne

RHIC τ=x1x2~10-3 rarr sea quarks (ATT very small ~ 001 )

3102 RICH energies 22 GeV 100 GeV 200 Ms

  • PAX Polarized Antiproton eXperiments
  • PAX Collaboration
  • Slide 3
  • Outline
  • Slide 5
  • Slide 6
  • Slide 7
  • Slide 8
  • Slide 9
  • Slide 10
  • Slide 11
  • Slide 12
  • Slide 13
  • Slide 14
  • Slide 15
  • Slide 16
  • Slide 17
  • Slide 18
  • pp Elastic Scattering from ZGS
  • Slide 20
  • Proton Electromagnetic Formfactors
  • Slide 22
  • Slide 23
  • Slide 24
  • Slide 25
  • Slide 26
  • PAX Accelerator Setup
  • Slide 28
  • Slide 29
  • Slide 30
  • Slide 31
  • Slide 32
  • Slide 33
  • Slide 34
  • Slide 35
  • Slide 36
  • Slide 37
  • SMILE Spin Measurements in Interactions at Low Energy
  • Slide 39
  • Slide 40
  • Slide 41
  • Slide 42
  • Slide 43
  • Slide 44
  • Slide 45
  • Slide 46
  • Slide 47
  • Slide 48
  • Slide 49
  • Summary
  • Slide 51
  • PAX Integrated Luminosities for Physics Cases
  • Slide 53
Page 19: PAX Polarized Antiproton eXperiments

Spin Workshop 05 Dubna M Contalbrigo - INFN Ferrara 19

pp Elastic Scattering from ZGSpp Elastic Scattering from ZGS

Spin-dependence at large-PSpin-dependence at large-P (90deg90degcmcm))

Hard scattering takes Hard scattering takes place only with spins place only with spins

DG Crabb et al PRL 41 1257 (1978)

T=1085 GeV

Similar studies in pp elastic scattering

Spin Workshop 05 Dubna M Contalbrigo - INFN Ferrara 20

Physics with polarized antiprotons at GSI-PAX

Transversity via Drell-Yan processes

TTA direct access to transversity

Transverse Single Spin Asymmetries

QCD ldquotheoremrdquo (Sivers)D-Y = ndash (Sivers)DISNA

Time-like elm form factors

llpp form factors

Elastic processes

SLSSLLNNN AAA AA spin mysteries like in pp

High Energy

Low Energy

Spin Workshop 05 Dubna M Contalbrigo - INFN Ferrara 21

(Phys RevC 68 (2003) 034325)

JLab PT data

SLAC RS data

TWO DIFFERENTS METHODS

TWO DIFFERENTS RESULTS

COMPARISON BETWEEN

ROSENBLUTH SEPARATION AND

POLARIZATION TRANSFER TECNIQUES

Proton Electromagnetic Proton Electromagnetic Formfactors Formfactors

Spin Workshop 05 Dubna M Contalbrigo - INFN Ferrara 22

Proton Electromagnetic Proton Electromagnetic Formfactors Formfactors

bull Single-spin asymmetry in pp rarr e+e-

ndash Measurement of relative phases of magnetic and electric FF in the time-like region

bull Double-spin asymmetry in pp rarr e+e-

ndash independent GE-Gm separation

ndash test of Rosenbluth separation in the time-like region

2

p2

2E

22M

2M

E

y

m4q

|G|)(sin|G|)(cos1

)GGIm()2sin(A

S Brodsky et al Phys Rev D69 (2004)

Spin Workshop 05 Dubna M Contalbrigo - INFN Ferrara 23

OutlineOutlinebull Introduction

ndash Physics Casendash The FAIR project

bull PAX Accelerator Setupndash Stagingndash Antiproton Polarizer Ringndash Asymmetric Antiproton-Proton Collider

bull Experimentndash Conceptual Detector Designndash Preliminary Results for Drell-Yan Studiesndash Rate estimates

Spin Workshop 05 Dubna M Contalbrigo - INFN Ferrara 24

Facilty for Antiproton and Ion Research (GSI Darmstadt Germany)

-Proton linac (injector)-2 synchrotons (30 GeV p)-A number of storage rings Parallel beams operation

Spin Workshop 05 Dubna M Contalbrigo - INFN Ferrara 25

HESR

Antiproton Production

Target

HESR (High Energy Storage Ring) p = 15 - 15 GeVc (22 GeVc) (Length 442 m Bρ = 50 Tm)

PANDA storage ring (N=5 x 1010

pbar)

High luminosity mode (Δpp ~ 10-4) Luminosity = 2 x 1032 cm-2s-1

High resolution mode (Δpp ~ 10-5 ) Luminosity = 1031 cm-2s-1

PAX synchroton (N=3 x 1011 pbar) Preserve polarization Luminosity = 2 x 1030 cm-2s-1

The Antiproton FacilityThe Antiproton Facility

bullAntiproton production similar to CERN

bullProduction rate 107sec at 30 GeV

SuperFRS

NESR

CR

Beam Cooling e- andor stochastic

SIS100300

Spin Workshop 05 Dubna M Contalbrigo - INFN Ferrara 26

OutlineOutlinebull Introduction

ndash Physics Casendash The FAIR project

bull PAX Accelerator Setupndash Stagingndash Antiproton Polarizer Ringndash Asymmetric Antiproton-Proton Collider

bull Experimentndash Conceptual Detector Designndash Preliminary Results for Drell-Yan Studiesndash Rate estimates

Spin Workshop 05 Dubna M Contalbrigo - INFN Ferrara 27

PAX Accelerator SetupPAX Accelerator Setup

In the following focus on two issuesbull Antiproton Polarizer Ring (APR)bull Asymmetric Antiproton-Proton Collider

Spin Workshop 05 Dubna M Contalbrigo - INFN Ferrara 28

Staging Staging Phase I (PAXCSR)Phase I (PAXCSR)

Physics EMFFpbar-p elastic

Experiment polunpol pbar on internal polarized target

Independent from HESR running

Spin Workshop 05 Dubna M Contalbrigo - INFN Ferrara 29

Staging Staging Phase II (PAXHESR)Phase II (PAXHESR)

EXPERIMENT1 Asymmetric collider polarized antiprotons in HESR (p=15 GeVc)

polarized protons in CSR (p=35 GeVc)2 Internal polarized target with 22 GeVc polarized antiproton

beam

Physics Transversity

Second IP with minor interference with PANDA

Spin Workshop 05 Dubna M Contalbrigo - INFN Ferrara 30

OutlineOutlinebull Introduction

ndash Physics Casendash The FAIR project

bull PAX Accelerator Setupndash Stagingndash Antiproton Polarizer Ringndash Asymmetric Antiproton-Proton Collider

bull Experimentndash Conceptual Detector Designndash Preliminary Results for Drell-Yan Studiesndash Rate estimates

Spin Workshop 05 Dubna M Contalbrigo - INFN Ferrara 31

Principle of spin filter methodPrinciple of spin filter method

P beam polarizationQ target polarizationk || beam direction

σtot = σ0 + σmiddotPmiddotQ + σ||middot(Pmiddotk)(Qmiddotk)

transverse case

Q0tot

longitudinal case

Q)( ||0tot

For initially equally populated spin states (m=+frac12) and (m=-frac12)

Unpolarized anti-p beam

Polarized H target

Spin Workshop 05 Dubna M Contalbrigo - INFN Ferrara 32

The HERMES targetThe HERMES target

Atomic Beam SourceNIM A 505 (2003) 633

Pz+ = |1gt + |4gt

Pz- = |2gt + |3gt

mmjj = = ++1212

mmjj = = --1212

mmii=-12=-12

mmii=-12=-12

mmii=+1=+122

mmii=+1=+122

1|1gt|2gt

|3gt|4gt

ee-

pp|1gt

Spin Workshop 05 Dubna M Contalbrigo - INFN Ferrara 33

Performance of Polarized Internal Performance of Polarized Internal TargetsTargets

PT = 0795 0033

HERMES

H Transverse Field (B=297 mT)

HERMES

Dz

Dzz

PT = 0845 plusmn 0028

Longitudinal Field (B=335 mT)

HERMES Stored Positrons PINTEX Stored Protons

H

Fast reorientation in a weak field (xyz)

Targets work very reliably (months of stable operation)

Spin Workshop 05 Dubna M Contalbrigo - INFN Ferrara 34

Exploitation of Spin TransferExploitation of Spin Transfer

PAX will employ spin-filter from internal polarized hydrogen

target to antiprotons

Hydrogen gas target in strong field (300 mT)

F Rathmann et al PRL 71 1379 (1993)

Low energy pp scattering 1lt0 tot+lttot-

Expectation

Target Beam

FILTEX ResultsFILTEX Results

Spin Workshop 05 Dubna M Contalbrigo - INFN Ferrara 35

Puzzle from FILTEX TestPuzzle from FILTEX TestObserved polarization build-up dPdt = plusmn (124 plusmn 006) x 10-2 h-1

Expected build-up P(t)=tanh(tτpol)

1τpol=σ1Qdtf=24x10-2 h-1

about factor 2 larger

σ1 = 122 mb (pp phase shifts)Q = 083 plusmn 003dt = (56 plusmn 03) x 1013cm-2

f = 1177 MHz

Three distinct effects (measured 1=69 mb)

1 Selective removal through scattering beyond Ψacc=44 mrad σR=83 mb

2 Small angle scattering of target protons into ring acceptance σS=52 mb

3 Spin transfer from polarized electrons of the target atoms to the stored protons

σEM=70 mb (-) Horowitz amp Meyer PRL 72 3981 (1994)

HO Meyer PRE 50 1485 (1994)

Spin Workshop 05 Dubna M Contalbrigo - INFN Ferrara 36

01

02

03

04

Beam

Pola

riza

tion

P(2

middotτbeam)

10 T (MeV)100

EM only

5

10

30

20

40

Ψacc=50 mrad

0

1

Filter Test T = 23 MeV Ψacc= 44 mrad

Beam PolarizationBeam Polarization (Electromagnetic Interaction)(Electromagnetic Interaction)

Spin Workshop 05 Dubna M Contalbrigo - INFN Ferrara 37

Beam Polarization Beam Polarization (Hadronic Interaction Longitudinal Case)(Hadronic Interaction Longitudinal Case)

Experimental Tests requiredbullEM effect needs protons only (COSY)bullFinal Design of APR Filter test with p at AD (CERN)

Model D V Mull K Holinde Phys Rev C 51 2360 (1995)

Model A T Hippchen et al Phys Rev C 44 1323 (1991)

50 100 150 200 250 T (MeV) 50 100 150 200 T (MeV)

005

010

015

020

P

005

010

015

020

P

2 beam lifetimesΨacc=10-50 mrad

3 beam lifetimesΨacc=20 mrad

Spin Workshop 05 Dubna M Contalbrigo - INFN Ferrara 38

SMILESMILE SSpin pin MMeasurements easurements

in in IInteractions at nteractions at LLow ow EEnergy nergy

bull Study of spin-filtering process

bull Electromagnetic interaction unpolarized protons on polarized internal target at COSY

bull Hadronic interaction unpolarized antiprotons on polarized internal target at AD (CERN)

From COSY to FAIRhellipFrom COSY to FAIRhellip

Spin Workshop 05 Dubna M Contalbrigo - INFN Ferrara 39

OutlineOutlinebull Introduction

ndash Physics Casendash The FAIR project

bull PAX Accelerator Setupndash Stagingndash Antiproton Polarizer Ringndash Asymmetric Antiproton-Proton Collider

bull Experimentndash Conceptual Detector Designndash Preliminary Results for Drell-Yan Studiesndash Rate estimates

Spin Workshop 05 Dubna M Contalbrigo - INFN Ferrara 40

RINGS SETUP RINGS SETUP

asymmetric collider L = 2∙1030 cm-2s-1

Spin Workshop 05 Dubna M Contalbrigo - INFN Ferrara 41

OutlineOutlinebull Introduction

ndash Physics Casendash The FAIR project

bull PAX Accelerator Setupndash Stagingndash Antiproton Polarizer Ringndash Asymmetric Antiproton-Proton Collider

bull Experimentndash Conceptual Detector Designndash Preliminary Results for Drell-Yan Studiesndash Rate estimates

Spin Workshop 05 Dubna M Contalbrigo - INFN Ferrara 42

PAX Detector Concept PAX Detector Concept

Physics h1 distribution sin2 EMFF sin2

pbar-p elastic high |t|

Magnet Keeps beam polarization vertical Compatible with Cerenkov Compatible with polarized target

Detector Extremely rare DY signal (10-7 p-pbar) Maximum Bjorken-x coverage (M interval) Excellent PID (hadrone rejection ~ 104) High mass resolution (le2 )

Moderate lepton energies (05-5 GeV)

Azimuthally SymmetricBARREL GEOMETRY

LARGE ANGLES

Experiment Flexible Facility

TOROIDNO FRINGE FIELD

e+e-

Spin Workshop 05 Dubna M Contalbrigo - INFN Ferrara 43

PAX Detector Concept PAX Detector Concept

Designed for Collider but compatible with fixed target

Cerenkov(200 m)

(20 m)

GEANT simulation

Spin Workshop 05 Dubna M Contalbrigo - INFN Ferrara 44

OutlineOutlinebull Introduction

ndash Physics Casendash The FAIR project

bull PAX Accelerator Setupndash Stagingndash Antiproton Polarizer Ringndash Asymmetric Antiproton-Proton Collider

bull Experimentndash Conceptual Detector Designndash Preliminary Results for Drell-Yan Studiesndash Rate estimates

Spin Workshop 05 Dubna M Contalbrigo - INFN Ferrara 45

-p Phase Space-p Phase Space

Background peaks at low energy forward direction

acceptance

Spin Workshop 05 Dubna M Contalbrigo - INFN Ferrara 46

Background to Drell-Yan eBackground to Drell-Yan e++ee--

frac12 hour experiment 2∙108 p-pbar interactions several DY events

combinatorial+charm bckg

Background 11 to signal after PID Egt300 MeV conversion veto mass cut the combinatorial component can be subtracted (wrong-sign control sample) the charm can be reduced (vertex decay)

+-++ amp --

Spin Workshop 05 Dubna M Contalbrigo - INFN Ferrara 47

-p Phase Space-p Phase Space

Vertex resolution high enoughto study charm background

Better than 2 mass resol x dependence of h1

resonance vs continuum

Mandatory to study M below Jψ mass

Spin Workshop 05 Dubna M Contalbrigo - INFN Ferrara 48

OutlineOutlinebull Introduction

ndash Physics Casendash The FAIR project

bull PAX Accelerator Setupndash Stagingndash Antiproton Polarizer Ringndash Asymmetric Antiproton-Proton Collider

bull Experimentndash Conceptual Detector Designndash Preliminary Results for Drell-Yan Studiesndash Rate estimates

Spin Workshop 05 Dubna M Contalbrigo - INFN Ferrara 49

10 precision on the h1u (x) in the valence region

1 year of data taking at 15+35 GeV collider L = 2∙1030 cm-2s-1

Precision in hPrecision in h11 measurement measurement

Spin Workshop 05 Dubna M Contalbrigo - INFN Ferrara 50

Summary

bull PAX project has an innovative spin physics program transversity SSA EMFF hard p-pbar scatterings

bull A method to obtain an antiproton beam with high degree of polarization has to be optimized (APR)

bull PAX viable accelerator setup provides fexible 2nd IP really matched to the physics items lots of interesting QCD physics in PAX Phase-I asymmetric collider ideal to map transversity (Phase-II)

Spin Workshop 05 Dubna M Contalbrigo - INFN Ferrara 51

Background to Drell-Yan eBackground to Drell-Yan e++ee--

frac12 hour experiment 2∙108 p-pbar interactions several DY events

combinatorial+charm bckg

Background 11 to signal after PID Egt300 MeV conversion veto mass cut the combinatorial component can be subtracted (wrong-sign control sample) the charm can be reduced (vertex decay)

+-++ amp --

Spin Workshop 05 Dubna M Contalbrigo - INFN Ferrara 52

PAX Integrated Luminosities for Physics PAX Integrated Luminosities for Physics CasesCases

pb-1

fb-1

Inte

gra

ted

Lu

min

osi

ty

EMFF DSA s=376 GeV2

ppbar elastic DSA t=4 GeV2

Phase-I L=151031 cm-2s-1

Antiproton Beam Polarization Ppbar=03 Proton Polarization Pp=08

Phase-II L=21030 cm-2s-1

EMFF DSA s=9 GeV2

Absolute Error ΔDSA=005

h1 DSA Mgt2 GeV Δ=10

h1 DSA Mgt4 GeV Δ=20

(1 y)

(4 y)(1 y)

Spin Workshop 05 Dubna M Contalbrigo - INFN Ferrara 53

q q

q qqqqq

TTTT xqxqxqxqe

xhxhxhxheaA

)()()()(

)()()()(ˆ

dd

dd

21212

211121112

Barone Calarco Drago

Martin Schaumlfer Stratmann Vogelsang

h1 from p-p Drell-Yan at RICHU70

h1q (x Q2) small and with much slower evolution than

Δq(x Q2) and q(x Q2) at small x

h1q (x Q2)- h1q (x Q2)ne

RHIC τ=x1x2~10-3 rarr sea quarks (ATT very small ~ 001 )

3102 RICH energies 22 GeV 100 GeV 200 Ms

  • PAX Polarized Antiproton eXperiments
  • PAX Collaboration
  • Slide 3
  • Outline
  • Slide 5
  • Slide 6
  • Slide 7
  • Slide 8
  • Slide 9
  • Slide 10
  • Slide 11
  • Slide 12
  • Slide 13
  • Slide 14
  • Slide 15
  • Slide 16
  • Slide 17
  • Slide 18
  • pp Elastic Scattering from ZGS
  • Slide 20
  • Proton Electromagnetic Formfactors
  • Slide 22
  • Slide 23
  • Slide 24
  • Slide 25
  • Slide 26
  • PAX Accelerator Setup
  • Slide 28
  • Slide 29
  • Slide 30
  • Slide 31
  • Slide 32
  • Slide 33
  • Slide 34
  • Slide 35
  • Slide 36
  • Slide 37
  • SMILE Spin Measurements in Interactions at Low Energy
  • Slide 39
  • Slide 40
  • Slide 41
  • Slide 42
  • Slide 43
  • Slide 44
  • Slide 45
  • Slide 46
  • Slide 47
  • Slide 48
  • Slide 49
  • Summary
  • Slide 51
  • PAX Integrated Luminosities for Physics Cases
  • Slide 53
Page 20: PAX Polarized Antiproton eXperiments

Spin Workshop 05 Dubna M Contalbrigo - INFN Ferrara 20

Physics with polarized antiprotons at GSI-PAX

Transversity via Drell-Yan processes

TTA direct access to transversity

Transverse Single Spin Asymmetries

QCD ldquotheoremrdquo (Sivers)D-Y = ndash (Sivers)DISNA

Time-like elm form factors

llpp form factors

Elastic processes

SLSSLLNNN AAA AA spin mysteries like in pp

High Energy

Low Energy

Spin Workshop 05 Dubna M Contalbrigo - INFN Ferrara 21

(Phys RevC 68 (2003) 034325)

JLab PT data

SLAC RS data

TWO DIFFERENTS METHODS

TWO DIFFERENTS RESULTS

COMPARISON BETWEEN

ROSENBLUTH SEPARATION AND

POLARIZATION TRANSFER TECNIQUES

Proton Electromagnetic Proton Electromagnetic Formfactors Formfactors

Spin Workshop 05 Dubna M Contalbrigo - INFN Ferrara 22

Proton Electromagnetic Proton Electromagnetic Formfactors Formfactors

bull Single-spin asymmetry in pp rarr e+e-

ndash Measurement of relative phases of magnetic and electric FF in the time-like region

bull Double-spin asymmetry in pp rarr e+e-

ndash independent GE-Gm separation

ndash test of Rosenbluth separation in the time-like region

2

p2

2E

22M

2M

E

y

m4q

|G|)(sin|G|)(cos1

)GGIm()2sin(A

S Brodsky et al Phys Rev D69 (2004)

Spin Workshop 05 Dubna M Contalbrigo - INFN Ferrara 23

OutlineOutlinebull Introduction

ndash Physics Casendash The FAIR project

bull PAX Accelerator Setupndash Stagingndash Antiproton Polarizer Ringndash Asymmetric Antiproton-Proton Collider

bull Experimentndash Conceptual Detector Designndash Preliminary Results for Drell-Yan Studiesndash Rate estimates

Spin Workshop 05 Dubna M Contalbrigo - INFN Ferrara 24

Facilty for Antiproton and Ion Research (GSI Darmstadt Germany)

-Proton linac (injector)-2 synchrotons (30 GeV p)-A number of storage rings Parallel beams operation

Spin Workshop 05 Dubna M Contalbrigo - INFN Ferrara 25

HESR

Antiproton Production

Target

HESR (High Energy Storage Ring) p = 15 - 15 GeVc (22 GeVc) (Length 442 m Bρ = 50 Tm)

PANDA storage ring (N=5 x 1010

pbar)

High luminosity mode (Δpp ~ 10-4) Luminosity = 2 x 1032 cm-2s-1

High resolution mode (Δpp ~ 10-5 ) Luminosity = 1031 cm-2s-1

PAX synchroton (N=3 x 1011 pbar) Preserve polarization Luminosity = 2 x 1030 cm-2s-1

The Antiproton FacilityThe Antiproton Facility

bullAntiproton production similar to CERN

bullProduction rate 107sec at 30 GeV

SuperFRS

NESR

CR

Beam Cooling e- andor stochastic

SIS100300

Spin Workshop 05 Dubna M Contalbrigo - INFN Ferrara 26

OutlineOutlinebull Introduction

ndash Physics Casendash The FAIR project

bull PAX Accelerator Setupndash Stagingndash Antiproton Polarizer Ringndash Asymmetric Antiproton-Proton Collider

bull Experimentndash Conceptual Detector Designndash Preliminary Results for Drell-Yan Studiesndash Rate estimates

Spin Workshop 05 Dubna M Contalbrigo - INFN Ferrara 27

PAX Accelerator SetupPAX Accelerator Setup

In the following focus on two issuesbull Antiproton Polarizer Ring (APR)bull Asymmetric Antiproton-Proton Collider

Spin Workshop 05 Dubna M Contalbrigo - INFN Ferrara 28

Staging Staging Phase I (PAXCSR)Phase I (PAXCSR)

Physics EMFFpbar-p elastic

Experiment polunpol pbar on internal polarized target

Independent from HESR running

Spin Workshop 05 Dubna M Contalbrigo - INFN Ferrara 29

Staging Staging Phase II (PAXHESR)Phase II (PAXHESR)

EXPERIMENT1 Asymmetric collider polarized antiprotons in HESR (p=15 GeVc)

polarized protons in CSR (p=35 GeVc)2 Internal polarized target with 22 GeVc polarized antiproton

beam

Physics Transversity

Second IP with minor interference with PANDA

Spin Workshop 05 Dubna M Contalbrigo - INFN Ferrara 30

OutlineOutlinebull Introduction

ndash Physics Casendash The FAIR project

bull PAX Accelerator Setupndash Stagingndash Antiproton Polarizer Ringndash Asymmetric Antiproton-Proton Collider

bull Experimentndash Conceptual Detector Designndash Preliminary Results for Drell-Yan Studiesndash Rate estimates

Spin Workshop 05 Dubna M Contalbrigo - INFN Ferrara 31

Principle of spin filter methodPrinciple of spin filter method

P beam polarizationQ target polarizationk || beam direction

σtot = σ0 + σmiddotPmiddotQ + σ||middot(Pmiddotk)(Qmiddotk)

transverse case

Q0tot

longitudinal case

Q)( ||0tot

For initially equally populated spin states (m=+frac12) and (m=-frac12)

Unpolarized anti-p beam

Polarized H target

Spin Workshop 05 Dubna M Contalbrigo - INFN Ferrara 32

The HERMES targetThe HERMES target

Atomic Beam SourceNIM A 505 (2003) 633

Pz+ = |1gt + |4gt

Pz- = |2gt + |3gt

mmjj = = ++1212

mmjj = = --1212

mmii=-12=-12

mmii=-12=-12

mmii=+1=+122

mmii=+1=+122

1|1gt|2gt

|3gt|4gt

ee-

pp|1gt

Spin Workshop 05 Dubna M Contalbrigo - INFN Ferrara 33

Performance of Polarized Internal Performance of Polarized Internal TargetsTargets

PT = 0795 0033

HERMES

H Transverse Field (B=297 mT)

HERMES

Dz

Dzz

PT = 0845 plusmn 0028

Longitudinal Field (B=335 mT)

HERMES Stored Positrons PINTEX Stored Protons

H

Fast reorientation in a weak field (xyz)

Targets work very reliably (months of stable operation)

Spin Workshop 05 Dubna M Contalbrigo - INFN Ferrara 34

Exploitation of Spin TransferExploitation of Spin Transfer

PAX will employ spin-filter from internal polarized hydrogen

target to antiprotons

Hydrogen gas target in strong field (300 mT)

F Rathmann et al PRL 71 1379 (1993)

Low energy pp scattering 1lt0 tot+lttot-

Expectation

Target Beam

FILTEX ResultsFILTEX Results

Spin Workshop 05 Dubna M Contalbrigo - INFN Ferrara 35

Puzzle from FILTEX TestPuzzle from FILTEX TestObserved polarization build-up dPdt = plusmn (124 plusmn 006) x 10-2 h-1

Expected build-up P(t)=tanh(tτpol)

1τpol=σ1Qdtf=24x10-2 h-1

about factor 2 larger

σ1 = 122 mb (pp phase shifts)Q = 083 plusmn 003dt = (56 plusmn 03) x 1013cm-2

f = 1177 MHz

Three distinct effects (measured 1=69 mb)

1 Selective removal through scattering beyond Ψacc=44 mrad σR=83 mb

2 Small angle scattering of target protons into ring acceptance σS=52 mb

3 Spin transfer from polarized electrons of the target atoms to the stored protons

σEM=70 mb (-) Horowitz amp Meyer PRL 72 3981 (1994)

HO Meyer PRE 50 1485 (1994)

Spin Workshop 05 Dubna M Contalbrigo - INFN Ferrara 36

01

02

03

04

Beam

Pola

riza

tion

P(2

middotτbeam)

10 T (MeV)100

EM only

5

10

30

20

40

Ψacc=50 mrad

0

1

Filter Test T = 23 MeV Ψacc= 44 mrad

Beam PolarizationBeam Polarization (Electromagnetic Interaction)(Electromagnetic Interaction)

Spin Workshop 05 Dubna M Contalbrigo - INFN Ferrara 37

Beam Polarization Beam Polarization (Hadronic Interaction Longitudinal Case)(Hadronic Interaction Longitudinal Case)

Experimental Tests requiredbullEM effect needs protons only (COSY)bullFinal Design of APR Filter test with p at AD (CERN)

Model D V Mull K Holinde Phys Rev C 51 2360 (1995)

Model A T Hippchen et al Phys Rev C 44 1323 (1991)

50 100 150 200 250 T (MeV) 50 100 150 200 T (MeV)

005

010

015

020

P

005

010

015

020

P

2 beam lifetimesΨacc=10-50 mrad

3 beam lifetimesΨacc=20 mrad

Spin Workshop 05 Dubna M Contalbrigo - INFN Ferrara 38

SMILESMILE SSpin pin MMeasurements easurements

in in IInteractions at nteractions at LLow ow EEnergy nergy

bull Study of spin-filtering process

bull Electromagnetic interaction unpolarized protons on polarized internal target at COSY

bull Hadronic interaction unpolarized antiprotons on polarized internal target at AD (CERN)

From COSY to FAIRhellipFrom COSY to FAIRhellip

Spin Workshop 05 Dubna M Contalbrigo - INFN Ferrara 39

OutlineOutlinebull Introduction

ndash Physics Casendash The FAIR project

bull PAX Accelerator Setupndash Stagingndash Antiproton Polarizer Ringndash Asymmetric Antiproton-Proton Collider

bull Experimentndash Conceptual Detector Designndash Preliminary Results for Drell-Yan Studiesndash Rate estimates

Spin Workshop 05 Dubna M Contalbrigo - INFN Ferrara 40

RINGS SETUP RINGS SETUP

asymmetric collider L = 2∙1030 cm-2s-1

Spin Workshop 05 Dubna M Contalbrigo - INFN Ferrara 41

OutlineOutlinebull Introduction

ndash Physics Casendash The FAIR project

bull PAX Accelerator Setupndash Stagingndash Antiproton Polarizer Ringndash Asymmetric Antiproton-Proton Collider

bull Experimentndash Conceptual Detector Designndash Preliminary Results for Drell-Yan Studiesndash Rate estimates

Spin Workshop 05 Dubna M Contalbrigo - INFN Ferrara 42

PAX Detector Concept PAX Detector Concept

Physics h1 distribution sin2 EMFF sin2

pbar-p elastic high |t|

Magnet Keeps beam polarization vertical Compatible with Cerenkov Compatible with polarized target

Detector Extremely rare DY signal (10-7 p-pbar) Maximum Bjorken-x coverage (M interval) Excellent PID (hadrone rejection ~ 104) High mass resolution (le2 )

Moderate lepton energies (05-5 GeV)

Azimuthally SymmetricBARREL GEOMETRY

LARGE ANGLES

Experiment Flexible Facility

TOROIDNO FRINGE FIELD

e+e-

Spin Workshop 05 Dubna M Contalbrigo - INFN Ferrara 43

PAX Detector Concept PAX Detector Concept

Designed for Collider but compatible with fixed target

Cerenkov(200 m)

(20 m)

GEANT simulation

Spin Workshop 05 Dubna M Contalbrigo - INFN Ferrara 44

OutlineOutlinebull Introduction

ndash Physics Casendash The FAIR project

bull PAX Accelerator Setupndash Stagingndash Antiproton Polarizer Ringndash Asymmetric Antiproton-Proton Collider

bull Experimentndash Conceptual Detector Designndash Preliminary Results for Drell-Yan Studiesndash Rate estimates

Spin Workshop 05 Dubna M Contalbrigo - INFN Ferrara 45

-p Phase Space-p Phase Space

Background peaks at low energy forward direction

acceptance

Spin Workshop 05 Dubna M Contalbrigo - INFN Ferrara 46

Background to Drell-Yan eBackground to Drell-Yan e++ee--

frac12 hour experiment 2∙108 p-pbar interactions several DY events

combinatorial+charm bckg

Background 11 to signal after PID Egt300 MeV conversion veto mass cut the combinatorial component can be subtracted (wrong-sign control sample) the charm can be reduced (vertex decay)

+-++ amp --

Spin Workshop 05 Dubna M Contalbrigo - INFN Ferrara 47

-p Phase Space-p Phase Space

Vertex resolution high enoughto study charm background

Better than 2 mass resol x dependence of h1

resonance vs continuum

Mandatory to study M below Jψ mass

Spin Workshop 05 Dubna M Contalbrigo - INFN Ferrara 48

OutlineOutlinebull Introduction

ndash Physics Casendash The FAIR project

bull PAX Accelerator Setupndash Stagingndash Antiproton Polarizer Ringndash Asymmetric Antiproton-Proton Collider

bull Experimentndash Conceptual Detector Designndash Preliminary Results for Drell-Yan Studiesndash Rate estimates

Spin Workshop 05 Dubna M Contalbrigo - INFN Ferrara 49

10 precision on the h1u (x) in the valence region

1 year of data taking at 15+35 GeV collider L = 2∙1030 cm-2s-1

Precision in hPrecision in h11 measurement measurement

Spin Workshop 05 Dubna M Contalbrigo - INFN Ferrara 50

Summary

bull PAX project has an innovative spin physics program transversity SSA EMFF hard p-pbar scatterings

bull A method to obtain an antiproton beam with high degree of polarization has to be optimized (APR)

bull PAX viable accelerator setup provides fexible 2nd IP really matched to the physics items lots of interesting QCD physics in PAX Phase-I asymmetric collider ideal to map transversity (Phase-II)

Spin Workshop 05 Dubna M Contalbrigo - INFN Ferrara 51

Background to Drell-Yan eBackground to Drell-Yan e++ee--

frac12 hour experiment 2∙108 p-pbar interactions several DY events

combinatorial+charm bckg

Background 11 to signal after PID Egt300 MeV conversion veto mass cut the combinatorial component can be subtracted (wrong-sign control sample) the charm can be reduced (vertex decay)

+-++ amp --

Spin Workshop 05 Dubna M Contalbrigo - INFN Ferrara 52

PAX Integrated Luminosities for Physics PAX Integrated Luminosities for Physics CasesCases

pb-1

fb-1

Inte

gra

ted

Lu

min

osi

ty

EMFF DSA s=376 GeV2

ppbar elastic DSA t=4 GeV2

Phase-I L=151031 cm-2s-1

Antiproton Beam Polarization Ppbar=03 Proton Polarization Pp=08

Phase-II L=21030 cm-2s-1

EMFF DSA s=9 GeV2

Absolute Error ΔDSA=005

h1 DSA Mgt2 GeV Δ=10

h1 DSA Mgt4 GeV Δ=20

(1 y)

(4 y)(1 y)

Spin Workshop 05 Dubna M Contalbrigo - INFN Ferrara 53

q q

q qqqqq

TTTT xqxqxqxqe

xhxhxhxheaA

)()()()(

)()()()(ˆ

dd

dd

21212

211121112

Barone Calarco Drago

Martin Schaumlfer Stratmann Vogelsang

h1 from p-p Drell-Yan at RICHU70

h1q (x Q2) small and with much slower evolution than

Δq(x Q2) and q(x Q2) at small x

h1q (x Q2)- h1q (x Q2)ne

RHIC τ=x1x2~10-3 rarr sea quarks (ATT very small ~ 001 )

3102 RICH energies 22 GeV 100 GeV 200 Ms

  • PAX Polarized Antiproton eXperiments
  • PAX Collaboration
  • Slide 3
  • Outline
  • Slide 5
  • Slide 6
  • Slide 7
  • Slide 8
  • Slide 9
  • Slide 10
  • Slide 11
  • Slide 12
  • Slide 13
  • Slide 14
  • Slide 15
  • Slide 16
  • Slide 17
  • Slide 18
  • pp Elastic Scattering from ZGS
  • Slide 20
  • Proton Electromagnetic Formfactors
  • Slide 22
  • Slide 23
  • Slide 24
  • Slide 25
  • Slide 26
  • PAX Accelerator Setup
  • Slide 28
  • Slide 29
  • Slide 30
  • Slide 31
  • Slide 32
  • Slide 33
  • Slide 34
  • Slide 35
  • Slide 36
  • Slide 37
  • SMILE Spin Measurements in Interactions at Low Energy
  • Slide 39
  • Slide 40
  • Slide 41
  • Slide 42
  • Slide 43
  • Slide 44
  • Slide 45
  • Slide 46
  • Slide 47
  • Slide 48
  • Slide 49
  • Summary
  • Slide 51
  • PAX Integrated Luminosities for Physics Cases
  • Slide 53
Page 21: PAX Polarized Antiproton eXperiments

Spin Workshop 05 Dubna M Contalbrigo - INFN Ferrara 21

(Phys RevC 68 (2003) 034325)

JLab PT data

SLAC RS data

TWO DIFFERENTS METHODS

TWO DIFFERENTS RESULTS

COMPARISON BETWEEN

ROSENBLUTH SEPARATION AND

POLARIZATION TRANSFER TECNIQUES

Proton Electromagnetic Proton Electromagnetic Formfactors Formfactors

Spin Workshop 05 Dubna M Contalbrigo - INFN Ferrara 22

Proton Electromagnetic Proton Electromagnetic Formfactors Formfactors

bull Single-spin asymmetry in pp rarr e+e-

ndash Measurement of relative phases of magnetic and electric FF in the time-like region

bull Double-spin asymmetry in pp rarr e+e-

ndash independent GE-Gm separation

ndash test of Rosenbluth separation in the time-like region

2

p2

2E

22M

2M

E

y

m4q

|G|)(sin|G|)(cos1

)GGIm()2sin(A

S Brodsky et al Phys Rev D69 (2004)

Spin Workshop 05 Dubna M Contalbrigo - INFN Ferrara 23

OutlineOutlinebull Introduction

ndash Physics Casendash The FAIR project

bull PAX Accelerator Setupndash Stagingndash Antiproton Polarizer Ringndash Asymmetric Antiproton-Proton Collider

bull Experimentndash Conceptual Detector Designndash Preliminary Results for Drell-Yan Studiesndash Rate estimates

Spin Workshop 05 Dubna M Contalbrigo - INFN Ferrara 24

Facilty for Antiproton and Ion Research (GSI Darmstadt Germany)

-Proton linac (injector)-2 synchrotons (30 GeV p)-A number of storage rings Parallel beams operation

Spin Workshop 05 Dubna M Contalbrigo - INFN Ferrara 25

HESR

Antiproton Production

Target

HESR (High Energy Storage Ring) p = 15 - 15 GeVc (22 GeVc) (Length 442 m Bρ = 50 Tm)

PANDA storage ring (N=5 x 1010

pbar)

High luminosity mode (Δpp ~ 10-4) Luminosity = 2 x 1032 cm-2s-1

High resolution mode (Δpp ~ 10-5 ) Luminosity = 1031 cm-2s-1

PAX synchroton (N=3 x 1011 pbar) Preserve polarization Luminosity = 2 x 1030 cm-2s-1

The Antiproton FacilityThe Antiproton Facility

bullAntiproton production similar to CERN

bullProduction rate 107sec at 30 GeV

SuperFRS

NESR

CR

Beam Cooling e- andor stochastic

SIS100300

Spin Workshop 05 Dubna M Contalbrigo - INFN Ferrara 26

OutlineOutlinebull Introduction

ndash Physics Casendash The FAIR project

bull PAX Accelerator Setupndash Stagingndash Antiproton Polarizer Ringndash Asymmetric Antiproton-Proton Collider

bull Experimentndash Conceptual Detector Designndash Preliminary Results for Drell-Yan Studiesndash Rate estimates

Spin Workshop 05 Dubna M Contalbrigo - INFN Ferrara 27

PAX Accelerator SetupPAX Accelerator Setup

In the following focus on two issuesbull Antiproton Polarizer Ring (APR)bull Asymmetric Antiproton-Proton Collider

Spin Workshop 05 Dubna M Contalbrigo - INFN Ferrara 28

Staging Staging Phase I (PAXCSR)Phase I (PAXCSR)

Physics EMFFpbar-p elastic

Experiment polunpol pbar on internal polarized target

Independent from HESR running

Spin Workshop 05 Dubna M Contalbrigo - INFN Ferrara 29

Staging Staging Phase II (PAXHESR)Phase II (PAXHESR)

EXPERIMENT1 Asymmetric collider polarized antiprotons in HESR (p=15 GeVc)

polarized protons in CSR (p=35 GeVc)2 Internal polarized target with 22 GeVc polarized antiproton

beam

Physics Transversity

Second IP with minor interference with PANDA

Spin Workshop 05 Dubna M Contalbrigo - INFN Ferrara 30

OutlineOutlinebull Introduction

ndash Physics Casendash The FAIR project

bull PAX Accelerator Setupndash Stagingndash Antiproton Polarizer Ringndash Asymmetric Antiproton-Proton Collider

bull Experimentndash Conceptual Detector Designndash Preliminary Results for Drell-Yan Studiesndash Rate estimates

Spin Workshop 05 Dubna M Contalbrigo - INFN Ferrara 31

Principle of spin filter methodPrinciple of spin filter method

P beam polarizationQ target polarizationk || beam direction

σtot = σ0 + σmiddotPmiddotQ + σ||middot(Pmiddotk)(Qmiddotk)

transverse case

Q0tot

longitudinal case

Q)( ||0tot

For initially equally populated spin states (m=+frac12) and (m=-frac12)

Unpolarized anti-p beam

Polarized H target

Spin Workshop 05 Dubna M Contalbrigo - INFN Ferrara 32

The HERMES targetThe HERMES target

Atomic Beam SourceNIM A 505 (2003) 633

Pz+ = |1gt + |4gt

Pz- = |2gt + |3gt

mmjj = = ++1212

mmjj = = --1212

mmii=-12=-12

mmii=-12=-12

mmii=+1=+122

mmii=+1=+122

1|1gt|2gt

|3gt|4gt

ee-

pp|1gt

Spin Workshop 05 Dubna M Contalbrigo - INFN Ferrara 33

Performance of Polarized Internal Performance of Polarized Internal TargetsTargets

PT = 0795 0033

HERMES

H Transverse Field (B=297 mT)

HERMES

Dz

Dzz

PT = 0845 plusmn 0028

Longitudinal Field (B=335 mT)

HERMES Stored Positrons PINTEX Stored Protons

H

Fast reorientation in a weak field (xyz)

Targets work very reliably (months of stable operation)

Spin Workshop 05 Dubna M Contalbrigo - INFN Ferrara 34

Exploitation of Spin TransferExploitation of Spin Transfer

PAX will employ spin-filter from internal polarized hydrogen

target to antiprotons

Hydrogen gas target in strong field (300 mT)

F Rathmann et al PRL 71 1379 (1993)

Low energy pp scattering 1lt0 tot+lttot-

Expectation

Target Beam

FILTEX ResultsFILTEX Results

Spin Workshop 05 Dubna M Contalbrigo - INFN Ferrara 35

Puzzle from FILTEX TestPuzzle from FILTEX TestObserved polarization build-up dPdt = plusmn (124 plusmn 006) x 10-2 h-1

Expected build-up P(t)=tanh(tτpol)

1τpol=σ1Qdtf=24x10-2 h-1

about factor 2 larger

σ1 = 122 mb (pp phase shifts)Q = 083 plusmn 003dt = (56 plusmn 03) x 1013cm-2

f = 1177 MHz

Three distinct effects (measured 1=69 mb)

1 Selective removal through scattering beyond Ψacc=44 mrad σR=83 mb

2 Small angle scattering of target protons into ring acceptance σS=52 mb

3 Spin transfer from polarized electrons of the target atoms to the stored protons

σEM=70 mb (-) Horowitz amp Meyer PRL 72 3981 (1994)

HO Meyer PRE 50 1485 (1994)

Spin Workshop 05 Dubna M Contalbrigo - INFN Ferrara 36

01

02

03

04

Beam

Pola

riza

tion

P(2

middotτbeam)

10 T (MeV)100

EM only

5

10

30

20

40

Ψacc=50 mrad

0

1

Filter Test T = 23 MeV Ψacc= 44 mrad

Beam PolarizationBeam Polarization (Electromagnetic Interaction)(Electromagnetic Interaction)

Spin Workshop 05 Dubna M Contalbrigo - INFN Ferrara 37

Beam Polarization Beam Polarization (Hadronic Interaction Longitudinal Case)(Hadronic Interaction Longitudinal Case)

Experimental Tests requiredbullEM effect needs protons only (COSY)bullFinal Design of APR Filter test with p at AD (CERN)

Model D V Mull K Holinde Phys Rev C 51 2360 (1995)

Model A T Hippchen et al Phys Rev C 44 1323 (1991)

50 100 150 200 250 T (MeV) 50 100 150 200 T (MeV)

005

010

015

020

P

005

010

015

020

P

2 beam lifetimesΨacc=10-50 mrad

3 beam lifetimesΨacc=20 mrad

Spin Workshop 05 Dubna M Contalbrigo - INFN Ferrara 38

SMILESMILE SSpin pin MMeasurements easurements

in in IInteractions at nteractions at LLow ow EEnergy nergy

bull Study of spin-filtering process

bull Electromagnetic interaction unpolarized protons on polarized internal target at COSY

bull Hadronic interaction unpolarized antiprotons on polarized internal target at AD (CERN)

From COSY to FAIRhellipFrom COSY to FAIRhellip

Spin Workshop 05 Dubna M Contalbrigo - INFN Ferrara 39

OutlineOutlinebull Introduction

ndash Physics Casendash The FAIR project

bull PAX Accelerator Setupndash Stagingndash Antiproton Polarizer Ringndash Asymmetric Antiproton-Proton Collider

bull Experimentndash Conceptual Detector Designndash Preliminary Results for Drell-Yan Studiesndash Rate estimates

Spin Workshop 05 Dubna M Contalbrigo - INFN Ferrara 40

RINGS SETUP RINGS SETUP

asymmetric collider L = 2∙1030 cm-2s-1

Spin Workshop 05 Dubna M Contalbrigo - INFN Ferrara 41

OutlineOutlinebull Introduction

ndash Physics Casendash The FAIR project

bull PAX Accelerator Setupndash Stagingndash Antiproton Polarizer Ringndash Asymmetric Antiproton-Proton Collider

bull Experimentndash Conceptual Detector Designndash Preliminary Results for Drell-Yan Studiesndash Rate estimates

Spin Workshop 05 Dubna M Contalbrigo - INFN Ferrara 42

PAX Detector Concept PAX Detector Concept

Physics h1 distribution sin2 EMFF sin2

pbar-p elastic high |t|

Magnet Keeps beam polarization vertical Compatible with Cerenkov Compatible with polarized target

Detector Extremely rare DY signal (10-7 p-pbar) Maximum Bjorken-x coverage (M interval) Excellent PID (hadrone rejection ~ 104) High mass resolution (le2 )

Moderate lepton energies (05-5 GeV)

Azimuthally SymmetricBARREL GEOMETRY

LARGE ANGLES

Experiment Flexible Facility

TOROIDNO FRINGE FIELD

e+e-

Spin Workshop 05 Dubna M Contalbrigo - INFN Ferrara 43

PAX Detector Concept PAX Detector Concept

Designed for Collider but compatible with fixed target

Cerenkov(200 m)

(20 m)

GEANT simulation

Spin Workshop 05 Dubna M Contalbrigo - INFN Ferrara 44

OutlineOutlinebull Introduction

ndash Physics Casendash The FAIR project

bull PAX Accelerator Setupndash Stagingndash Antiproton Polarizer Ringndash Asymmetric Antiproton-Proton Collider

bull Experimentndash Conceptual Detector Designndash Preliminary Results for Drell-Yan Studiesndash Rate estimates

Spin Workshop 05 Dubna M Contalbrigo - INFN Ferrara 45

-p Phase Space-p Phase Space

Background peaks at low energy forward direction

acceptance

Spin Workshop 05 Dubna M Contalbrigo - INFN Ferrara 46

Background to Drell-Yan eBackground to Drell-Yan e++ee--

frac12 hour experiment 2∙108 p-pbar interactions several DY events

combinatorial+charm bckg

Background 11 to signal after PID Egt300 MeV conversion veto mass cut the combinatorial component can be subtracted (wrong-sign control sample) the charm can be reduced (vertex decay)

+-++ amp --

Spin Workshop 05 Dubna M Contalbrigo - INFN Ferrara 47

-p Phase Space-p Phase Space

Vertex resolution high enoughto study charm background

Better than 2 mass resol x dependence of h1

resonance vs continuum

Mandatory to study M below Jψ mass

Spin Workshop 05 Dubna M Contalbrigo - INFN Ferrara 48

OutlineOutlinebull Introduction

ndash Physics Casendash The FAIR project

bull PAX Accelerator Setupndash Stagingndash Antiproton Polarizer Ringndash Asymmetric Antiproton-Proton Collider

bull Experimentndash Conceptual Detector Designndash Preliminary Results for Drell-Yan Studiesndash Rate estimates

Spin Workshop 05 Dubna M Contalbrigo - INFN Ferrara 49

10 precision on the h1u (x) in the valence region

1 year of data taking at 15+35 GeV collider L = 2∙1030 cm-2s-1

Precision in hPrecision in h11 measurement measurement

Spin Workshop 05 Dubna M Contalbrigo - INFN Ferrara 50

Summary

bull PAX project has an innovative spin physics program transversity SSA EMFF hard p-pbar scatterings

bull A method to obtain an antiproton beam with high degree of polarization has to be optimized (APR)

bull PAX viable accelerator setup provides fexible 2nd IP really matched to the physics items lots of interesting QCD physics in PAX Phase-I asymmetric collider ideal to map transversity (Phase-II)

Spin Workshop 05 Dubna M Contalbrigo - INFN Ferrara 51

Background to Drell-Yan eBackground to Drell-Yan e++ee--

frac12 hour experiment 2∙108 p-pbar interactions several DY events

combinatorial+charm bckg

Background 11 to signal after PID Egt300 MeV conversion veto mass cut the combinatorial component can be subtracted (wrong-sign control sample) the charm can be reduced (vertex decay)

+-++ amp --

Spin Workshop 05 Dubna M Contalbrigo - INFN Ferrara 52

PAX Integrated Luminosities for Physics PAX Integrated Luminosities for Physics CasesCases

pb-1

fb-1

Inte

gra

ted

Lu

min

osi

ty

EMFF DSA s=376 GeV2

ppbar elastic DSA t=4 GeV2

Phase-I L=151031 cm-2s-1

Antiproton Beam Polarization Ppbar=03 Proton Polarization Pp=08

Phase-II L=21030 cm-2s-1

EMFF DSA s=9 GeV2

Absolute Error ΔDSA=005

h1 DSA Mgt2 GeV Δ=10

h1 DSA Mgt4 GeV Δ=20

(1 y)

(4 y)(1 y)

Spin Workshop 05 Dubna M Contalbrigo - INFN Ferrara 53

q q

q qqqqq

TTTT xqxqxqxqe

xhxhxhxheaA

)()()()(

)()()()(ˆ

dd

dd

21212

211121112

Barone Calarco Drago

Martin Schaumlfer Stratmann Vogelsang

h1 from p-p Drell-Yan at RICHU70

h1q (x Q2) small and with much slower evolution than

Δq(x Q2) and q(x Q2) at small x

h1q (x Q2)- h1q (x Q2)ne

RHIC τ=x1x2~10-3 rarr sea quarks (ATT very small ~ 001 )

3102 RICH energies 22 GeV 100 GeV 200 Ms

  • PAX Polarized Antiproton eXperiments
  • PAX Collaboration
  • Slide 3
  • Outline
  • Slide 5
  • Slide 6
  • Slide 7
  • Slide 8
  • Slide 9
  • Slide 10
  • Slide 11
  • Slide 12
  • Slide 13
  • Slide 14
  • Slide 15
  • Slide 16
  • Slide 17
  • Slide 18
  • pp Elastic Scattering from ZGS
  • Slide 20
  • Proton Electromagnetic Formfactors
  • Slide 22
  • Slide 23
  • Slide 24
  • Slide 25
  • Slide 26
  • PAX Accelerator Setup
  • Slide 28
  • Slide 29
  • Slide 30
  • Slide 31
  • Slide 32
  • Slide 33
  • Slide 34
  • Slide 35
  • Slide 36
  • Slide 37
  • SMILE Spin Measurements in Interactions at Low Energy
  • Slide 39
  • Slide 40
  • Slide 41
  • Slide 42
  • Slide 43
  • Slide 44
  • Slide 45
  • Slide 46
  • Slide 47
  • Slide 48
  • Slide 49
  • Summary
  • Slide 51
  • PAX Integrated Luminosities for Physics Cases
  • Slide 53
Page 22: PAX Polarized Antiproton eXperiments

Spin Workshop 05 Dubna M Contalbrigo - INFN Ferrara 22

Proton Electromagnetic Proton Electromagnetic Formfactors Formfactors

bull Single-spin asymmetry in pp rarr e+e-

ndash Measurement of relative phases of magnetic and electric FF in the time-like region

bull Double-spin asymmetry in pp rarr e+e-

ndash independent GE-Gm separation

ndash test of Rosenbluth separation in the time-like region

2

p2

2E

22M

2M

E

y

m4q

|G|)(sin|G|)(cos1

)GGIm()2sin(A

S Brodsky et al Phys Rev D69 (2004)

Spin Workshop 05 Dubna M Contalbrigo - INFN Ferrara 23

OutlineOutlinebull Introduction

ndash Physics Casendash The FAIR project

bull PAX Accelerator Setupndash Stagingndash Antiproton Polarizer Ringndash Asymmetric Antiproton-Proton Collider

bull Experimentndash Conceptual Detector Designndash Preliminary Results for Drell-Yan Studiesndash Rate estimates

Spin Workshop 05 Dubna M Contalbrigo - INFN Ferrara 24

Facilty for Antiproton and Ion Research (GSI Darmstadt Germany)

-Proton linac (injector)-2 synchrotons (30 GeV p)-A number of storage rings Parallel beams operation

Spin Workshop 05 Dubna M Contalbrigo - INFN Ferrara 25

HESR

Antiproton Production

Target

HESR (High Energy Storage Ring) p = 15 - 15 GeVc (22 GeVc) (Length 442 m Bρ = 50 Tm)

PANDA storage ring (N=5 x 1010

pbar)

High luminosity mode (Δpp ~ 10-4) Luminosity = 2 x 1032 cm-2s-1

High resolution mode (Δpp ~ 10-5 ) Luminosity = 1031 cm-2s-1

PAX synchroton (N=3 x 1011 pbar) Preserve polarization Luminosity = 2 x 1030 cm-2s-1

The Antiproton FacilityThe Antiproton Facility

bullAntiproton production similar to CERN

bullProduction rate 107sec at 30 GeV

SuperFRS

NESR

CR

Beam Cooling e- andor stochastic

SIS100300

Spin Workshop 05 Dubna M Contalbrigo - INFN Ferrara 26

OutlineOutlinebull Introduction

ndash Physics Casendash The FAIR project

bull PAX Accelerator Setupndash Stagingndash Antiproton Polarizer Ringndash Asymmetric Antiproton-Proton Collider

bull Experimentndash Conceptual Detector Designndash Preliminary Results for Drell-Yan Studiesndash Rate estimates

Spin Workshop 05 Dubna M Contalbrigo - INFN Ferrara 27

PAX Accelerator SetupPAX Accelerator Setup

In the following focus on two issuesbull Antiproton Polarizer Ring (APR)bull Asymmetric Antiproton-Proton Collider

Spin Workshop 05 Dubna M Contalbrigo - INFN Ferrara 28

Staging Staging Phase I (PAXCSR)Phase I (PAXCSR)

Physics EMFFpbar-p elastic

Experiment polunpol pbar on internal polarized target

Independent from HESR running

Spin Workshop 05 Dubna M Contalbrigo - INFN Ferrara 29

Staging Staging Phase II (PAXHESR)Phase II (PAXHESR)

EXPERIMENT1 Asymmetric collider polarized antiprotons in HESR (p=15 GeVc)

polarized protons in CSR (p=35 GeVc)2 Internal polarized target with 22 GeVc polarized antiproton

beam

Physics Transversity

Second IP with minor interference with PANDA

Spin Workshop 05 Dubna M Contalbrigo - INFN Ferrara 30

OutlineOutlinebull Introduction

ndash Physics Casendash The FAIR project

bull PAX Accelerator Setupndash Stagingndash Antiproton Polarizer Ringndash Asymmetric Antiproton-Proton Collider

bull Experimentndash Conceptual Detector Designndash Preliminary Results for Drell-Yan Studiesndash Rate estimates

Spin Workshop 05 Dubna M Contalbrigo - INFN Ferrara 31

Principle of spin filter methodPrinciple of spin filter method

P beam polarizationQ target polarizationk || beam direction

σtot = σ0 + σmiddotPmiddotQ + σ||middot(Pmiddotk)(Qmiddotk)

transverse case

Q0tot

longitudinal case

Q)( ||0tot

For initially equally populated spin states (m=+frac12) and (m=-frac12)

Unpolarized anti-p beam

Polarized H target

Spin Workshop 05 Dubna M Contalbrigo - INFN Ferrara 32

The HERMES targetThe HERMES target

Atomic Beam SourceNIM A 505 (2003) 633

Pz+ = |1gt + |4gt

Pz- = |2gt + |3gt

mmjj = = ++1212

mmjj = = --1212

mmii=-12=-12

mmii=-12=-12

mmii=+1=+122

mmii=+1=+122

1|1gt|2gt

|3gt|4gt

ee-

pp|1gt

Spin Workshop 05 Dubna M Contalbrigo - INFN Ferrara 33

Performance of Polarized Internal Performance of Polarized Internal TargetsTargets

PT = 0795 0033

HERMES

H Transverse Field (B=297 mT)

HERMES

Dz

Dzz

PT = 0845 plusmn 0028

Longitudinal Field (B=335 mT)

HERMES Stored Positrons PINTEX Stored Protons

H

Fast reorientation in a weak field (xyz)

Targets work very reliably (months of stable operation)

Spin Workshop 05 Dubna M Contalbrigo - INFN Ferrara 34

Exploitation of Spin TransferExploitation of Spin Transfer

PAX will employ spin-filter from internal polarized hydrogen

target to antiprotons

Hydrogen gas target in strong field (300 mT)

F Rathmann et al PRL 71 1379 (1993)

Low energy pp scattering 1lt0 tot+lttot-

Expectation

Target Beam

FILTEX ResultsFILTEX Results

Spin Workshop 05 Dubna M Contalbrigo - INFN Ferrara 35

Puzzle from FILTEX TestPuzzle from FILTEX TestObserved polarization build-up dPdt = plusmn (124 plusmn 006) x 10-2 h-1

Expected build-up P(t)=tanh(tτpol)

1τpol=σ1Qdtf=24x10-2 h-1

about factor 2 larger

σ1 = 122 mb (pp phase shifts)Q = 083 plusmn 003dt = (56 plusmn 03) x 1013cm-2

f = 1177 MHz

Three distinct effects (measured 1=69 mb)

1 Selective removal through scattering beyond Ψacc=44 mrad σR=83 mb

2 Small angle scattering of target protons into ring acceptance σS=52 mb

3 Spin transfer from polarized electrons of the target atoms to the stored protons

σEM=70 mb (-) Horowitz amp Meyer PRL 72 3981 (1994)

HO Meyer PRE 50 1485 (1994)

Spin Workshop 05 Dubna M Contalbrigo - INFN Ferrara 36

01

02

03

04

Beam

Pola

riza

tion

P(2

middotτbeam)

10 T (MeV)100

EM only

5

10

30

20

40

Ψacc=50 mrad

0

1

Filter Test T = 23 MeV Ψacc= 44 mrad

Beam PolarizationBeam Polarization (Electromagnetic Interaction)(Electromagnetic Interaction)

Spin Workshop 05 Dubna M Contalbrigo - INFN Ferrara 37

Beam Polarization Beam Polarization (Hadronic Interaction Longitudinal Case)(Hadronic Interaction Longitudinal Case)

Experimental Tests requiredbullEM effect needs protons only (COSY)bullFinal Design of APR Filter test with p at AD (CERN)

Model D V Mull K Holinde Phys Rev C 51 2360 (1995)

Model A T Hippchen et al Phys Rev C 44 1323 (1991)

50 100 150 200 250 T (MeV) 50 100 150 200 T (MeV)

005

010

015

020

P

005

010

015

020

P

2 beam lifetimesΨacc=10-50 mrad

3 beam lifetimesΨacc=20 mrad

Spin Workshop 05 Dubna M Contalbrigo - INFN Ferrara 38

SMILESMILE SSpin pin MMeasurements easurements

in in IInteractions at nteractions at LLow ow EEnergy nergy

bull Study of spin-filtering process

bull Electromagnetic interaction unpolarized protons on polarized internal target at COSY

bull Hadronic interaction unpolarized antiprotons on polarized internal target at AD (CERN)

From COSY to FAIRhellipFrom COSY to FAIRhellip

Spin Workshop 05 Dubna M Contalbrigo - INFN Ferrara 39

OutlineOutlinebull Introduction

ndash Physics Casendash The FAIR project

bull PAX Accelerator Setupndash Stagingndash Antiproton Polarizer Ringndash Asymmetric Antiproton-Proton Collider

bull Experimentndash Conceptual Detector Designndash Preliminary Results for Drell-Yan Studiesndash Rate estimates

Spin Workshop 05 Dubna M Contalbrigo - INFN Ferrara 40

RINGS SETUP RINGS SETUP

asymmetric collider L = 2∙1030 cm-2s-1

Spin Workshop 05 Dubna M Contalbrigo - INFN Ferrara 41

OutlineOutlinebull Introduction

ndash Physics Casendash The FAIR project

bull PAX Accelerator Setupndash Stagingndash Antiproton Polarizer Ringndash Asymmetric Antiproton-Proton Collider

bull Experimentndash Conceptual Detector Designndash Preliminary Results for Drell-Yan Studiesndash Rate estimates

Spin Workshop 05 Dubna M Contalbrigo - INFN Ferrara 42

PAX Detector Concept PAX Detector Concept

Physics h1 distribution sin2 EMFF sin2

pbar-p elastic high |t|

Magnet Keeps beam polarization vertical Compatible with Cerenkov Compatible with polarized target

Detector Extremely rare DY signal (10-7 p-pbar) Maximum Bjorken-x coverage (M interval) Excellent PID (hadrone rejection ~ 104) High mass resolution (le2 )

Moderate lepton energies (05-5 GeV)

Azimuthally SymmetricBARREL GEOMETRY

LARGE ANGLES

Experiment Flexible Facility

TOROIDNO FRINGE FIELD

e+e-

Spin Workshop 05 Dubna M Contalbrigo - INFN Ferrara 43

PAX Detector Concept PAX Detector Concept

Designed for Collider but compatible with fixed target

Cerenkov(200 m)

(20 m)

GEANT simulation

Spin Workshop 05 Dubna M Contalbrigo - INFN Ferrara 44

OutlineOutlinebull Introduction

ndash Physics Casendash The FAIR project

bull PAX Accelerator Setupndash Stagingndash Antiproton Polarizer Ringndash Asymmetric Antiproton-Proton Collider

bull Experimentndash Conceptual Detector Designndash Preliminary Results for Drell-Yan Studiesndash Rate estimates

Spin Workshop 05 Dubna M Contalbrigo - INFN Ferrara 45

-p Phase Space-p Phase Space

Background peaks at low energy forward direction

acceptance

Spin Workshop 05 Dubna M Contalbrigo - INFN Ferrara 46

Background to Drell-Yan eBackground to Drell-Yan e++ee--

frac12 hour experiment 2∙108 p-pbar interactions several DY events

combinatorial+charm bckg

Background 11 to signal after PID Egt300 MeV conversion veto mass cut the combinatorial component can be subtracted (wrong-sign control sample) the charm can be reduced (vertex decay)

+-++ amp --

Spin Workshop 05 Dubna M Contalbrigo - INFN Ferrara 47

-p Phase Space-p Phase Space

Vertex resolution high enoughto study charm background

Better than 2 mass resol x dependence of h1

resonance vs continuum

Mandatory to study M below Jψ mass

Spin Workshop 05 Dubna M Contalbrigo - INFN Ferrara 48

OutlineOutlinebull Introduction

ndash Physics Casendash The FAIR project

bull PAX Accelerator Setupndash Stagingndash Antiproton Polarizer Ringndash Asymmetric Antiproton-Proton Collider

bull Experimentndash Conceptual Detector Designndash Preliminary Results for Drell-Yan Studiesndash Rate estimates

Spin Workshop 05 Dubna M Contalbrigo - INFN Ferrara 49

10 precision on the h1u (x) in the valence region

1 year of data taking at 15+35 GeV collider L = 2∙1030 cm-2s-1

Precision in hPrecision in h11 measurement measurement

Spin Workshop 05 Dubna M Contalbrigo - INFN Ferrara 50

Summary

bull PAX project has an innovative spin physics program transversity SSA EMFF hard p-pbar scatterings

bull A method to obtain an antiproton beam with high degree of polarization has to be optimized (APR)

bull PAX viable accelerator setup provides fexible 2nd IP really matched to the physics items lots of interesting QCD physics in PAX Phase-I asymmetric collider ideal to map transversity (Phase-II)

Spin Workshop 05 Dubna M Contalbrigo - INFN Ferrara 51

Background to Drell-Yan eBackground to Drell-Yan e++ee--

frac12 hour experiment 2∙108 p-pbar interactions several DY events

combinatorial+charm bckg

Background 11 to signal after PID Egt300 MeV conversion veto mass cut the combinatorial component can be subtracted (wrong-sign control sample) the charm can be reduced (vertex decay)

+-++ amp --

Spin Workshop 05 Dubna M Contalbrigo - INFN Ferrara 52

PAX Integrated Luminosities for Physics PAX Integrated Luminosities for Physics CasesCases

pb-1

fb-1

Inte

gra

ted

Lu

min

osi

ty

EMFF DSA s=376 GeV2

ppbar elastic DSA t=4 GeV2

Phase-I L=151031 cm-2s-1

Antiproton Beam Polarization Ppbar=03 Proton Polarization Pp=08

Phase-II L=21030 cm-2s-1

EMFF DSA s=9 GeV2

Absolute Error ΔDSA=005

h1 DSA Mgt2 GeV Δ=10

h1 DSA Mgt4 GeV Δ=20

(1 y)

(4 y)(1 y)

Spin Workshop 05 Dubna M Contalbrigo - INFN Ferrara 53

q q

q qqqqq

TTTT xqxqxqxqe

xhxhxhxheaA

)()()()(

)()()()(ˆ

dd

dd

21212

211121112

Barone Calarco Drago

Martin Schaumlfer Stratmann Vogelsang

h1 from p-p Drell-Yan at RICHU70

h1q (x Q2) small and with much slower evolution than

Δq(x Q2) and q(x Q2) at small x

h1q (x Q2)- h1q (x Q2)ne

RHIC τ=x1x2~10-3 rarr sea quarks (ATT very small ~ 001 )

3102 RICH energies 22 GeV 100 GeV 200 Ms

  • PAX Polarized Antiproton eXperiments
  • PAX Collaboration
  • Slide 3
  • Outline
  • Slide 5
  • Slide 6
  • Slide 7
  • Slide 8
  • Slide 9
  • Slide 10
  • Slide 11
  • Slide 12
  • Slide 13
  • Slide 14
  • Slide 15
  • Slide 16
  • Slide 17
  • Slide 18
  • pp Elastic Scattering from ZGS
  • Slide 20
  • Proton Electromagnetic Formfactors
  • Slide 22
  • Slide 23
  • Slide 24
  • Slide 25
  • Slide 26
  • PAX Accelerator Setup
  • Slide 28
  • Slide 29
  • Slide 30
  • Slide 31
  • Slide 32
  • Slide 33
  • Slide 34
  • Slide 35
  • Slide 36
  • Slide 37
  • SMILE Spin Measurements in Interactions at Low Energy
  • Slide 39
  • Slide 40
  • Slide 41
  • Slide 42
  • Slide 43
  • Slide 44
  • Slide 45
  • Slide 46
  • Slide 47
  • Slide 48
  • Slide 49
  • Summary
  • Slide 51
  • PAX Integrated Luminosities for Physics Cases
  • Slide 53
Page 23: PAX Polarized Antiproton eXperiments

Spin Workshop 05 Dubna M Contalbrigo - INFN Ferrara 23

OutlineOutlinebull Introduction

ndash Physics Casendash The FAIR project

bull PAX Accelerator Setupndash Stagingndash Antiproton Polarizer Ringndash Asymmetric Antiproton-Proton Collider

bull Experimentndash Conceptual Detector Designndash Preliminary Results for Drell-Yan Studiesndash Rate estimates

Spin Workshop 05 Dubna M Contalbrigo - INFN Ferrara 24

Facilty for Antiproton and Ion Research (GSI Darmstadt Germany)

-Proton linac (injector)-2 synchrotons (30 GeV p)-A number of storage rings Parallel beams operation

Spin Workshop 05 Dubna M Contalbrigo - INFN Ferrara 25

HESR

Antiproton Production

Target

HESR (High Energy Storage Ring) p = 15 - 15 GeVc (22 GeVc) (Length 442 m Bρ = 50 Tm)

PANDA storage ring (N=5 x 1010

pbar)

High luminosity mode (Δpp ~ 10-4) Luminosity = 2 x 1032 cm-2s-1

High resolution mode (Δpp ~ 10-5 ) Luminosity = 1031 cm-2s-1

PAX synchroton (N=3 x 1011 pbar) Preserve polarization Luminosity = 2 x 1030 cm-2s-1

The Antiproton FacilityThe Antiproton Facility

bullAntiproton production similar to CERN

bullProduction rate 107sec at 30 GeV

SuperFRS

NESR

CR

Beam Cooling e- andor stochastic

SIS100300

Spin Workshop 05 Dubna M Contalbrigo - INFN Ferrara 26

OutlineOutlinebull Introduction

ndash Physics Casendash The FAIR project

bull PAX Accelerator Setupndash Stagingndash Antiproton Polarizer Ringndash Asymmetric Antiproton-Proton Collider

bull Experimentndash Conceptual Detector Designndash Preliminary Results for Drell-Yan Studiesndash Rate estimates

Spin Workshop 05 Dubna M Contalbrigo - INFN Ferrara 27

PAX Accelerator SetupPAX Accelerator Setup

In the following focus on two issuesbull Antiproton Polarizer Ring (APR)bull Asymmetric Antiproton-Proton Collider

Spin Workshop 05 Dubna M Contalbrigo - INFN Ferrara 28

Staging Staging Phase I (PAXCSR)Phase I (PAXCSR)

Physics EMFFpbar-p elastic

Experiment polunpol pbar on internal polarized target

Independent from HESR running

Spin Workshop 05 Dubna M Contalbrigo - INFN Ferrara 29

Staging Staging Phase II (PAXHESR)Phase II (PAXHESR)

EXPERIMENT1 Asymmetric collider polarized antiprotons in HESR (p=15 GeVc)

polarized protons in CSR (p=35 GeVc)2 Internal polarized target with 22 GeVc polarized antiproton

beam

Physics Transversity

Second IP with minor interference with PANDA

Spin Workshop 05 Dubna M Contalbrigo - INFN Ferrara 30

OutlineOutlinebull Introduction

ndash Physics Casendash The FAIR project

bull PAX Accelerator Setupndash Stagingndash Antiproton Polarizer Ringndash Asymmetric Antiproton-Proton Collider

bull Experimentndash Conceptual Detector Designndash Preliminary Results for Drell-Yan Studiesndash Rate estimates

Spin Workshop 05 Dubna M Contalbrigo - INFN Ferrara 31

Principle of spin filter methodPrinciple of spin filter method

P beam polarizationQ target polarizationk || beam direction

σtot = σ0 + σmiddotPmiddotQ + σ||middot(Pmiddotk)(Qmiddotk)

transverse case

Q0tot

longitudinal case

Q)( ||0tot

For initially equally populated spin states (m=+frac12) and (m=-frac12)

Unpolarized anti-p beam

Polarized H target

Spin Workshop 05 Dubna M Contalbrigo - INFN Ferrara 32

The HERMES targetThe HERMES target

Atomic Beam SourceNIM A 505 (2003) 633

Pz+ = |1gt + |4gt

Pz- = |2gt + |3gt

mmjj = = ++1212

mmjj = = --1212

mmii=-12=-12

mmii=-12=-12

mmii=+1=+122

mmii=+1=+122

1|1gt|2gt

|3gt|4gt

ee-

pp|1gt

Spin Workshop 05 Dubna M Contalbrigo - INFN Ferrara 33

Performance of Polarized Internal Performance of Polarized Internal TargetsTargets

PT = 0795 0033

HERMES

H Transverse Field (B=297 mT)

HERMES

Dz

Dzz

PT = 0845 plusmn 0028

Longitudinal Field (B=335 mT)

HERMES Stored Positrons PINTEX Stored Protons

H

Fast reorientation in a weak field (xyz)

Targets work very reliably (months of stable operation)

Spin Workshop 05 Dubna M Contalbrigo - INFN Ferrara 34

Exploitation of Spin TransferExploitation of Spin Transfer

PAX will employ spin-filter from internal polarized hydrogen

target to antiprotons

Hydrogen gas target in strong field (300 mT)

F Rathmann et al PRL 71 1379 (1993)

Low energy pp scattering 1lt0 tot+lttot-

Expectation

Target Beam

FILTEX ResultsFILTEX Results

Spin Workshop 05 Dubna M Contalbrigo - INFN Ferrara 35

Puzzle from FILTEX TestPuzzle from FILTEX TestObserved polarization build-up dPdt = plusmn (124 plusmn 006) x 10-2 h-1

Expected build-up P(t)=tanh(tτpol)

1τpol=σ1Qdtf=24x10-2 h-1

about factor 2 larger

σ1 = 122 mb (pp phase shifts)Q = 083 plusmn 003dt = (56 plusmn 03) x 1013cm-2

f = 1177 MHz

Three distinct effects (measured 1=69 mb)

1 Selective removal through scattering beyond Ψacc=44 mrad σR=83 mb

2 Small angle scattering of target protons into ring acceptance σS=52 mb

3 Spin transfer from polarized electrons of the target atoms to the stored protons

σEM=70 mb (-) Horowitz amp Meyer PRL 72 3981 (1994)

HO Meyer PRE 50 1485 (1994)

Spin Workshop 05 Dubna M Contalbrigo - INFN Ferrara 36

01

02

03

04

Beam

Pola

riza

tion

P(2

middotτbeam)

10 T (MeV)100

EM only

5

10

30

20

40

Ψacc=50 mrad

0

1

Filter Test T = 23 MeV Ψacc= 44 mrad

Beam PolarizationBeam Polarization (Electromagnetic Interaction)(Electromagnetic Interaction)

Spin Workshop 05 Dubna M Contalbrigo - INFN Ferrara 37

Beam Polarization Beam Polarization (Hadronic Interaction Longitudinal Case)(Hadronic Interaction Longitudinal Case)

Experimental Tests requiredbullEM effect needs protons only (COSY)bullFinal Design of APR Filter test with p at AD (CERN)

Model D V Mull K Holinde Phys Rev C 51 2360 (1995)

Model A T Hippchen et al Phys Rev C 44 1323 (1991)

50 100 150 200 250 T (MeV) 50 100 150 200 T (MeV)

005

010

015

020

P

005

010

015

020

P

2 beam lifetimesΨacc=10-50 mrad

3 beam lifetimesΨacc=20 mrad

Spin Workshop 05 Dubna M Contalbrigo - INFN Ferrara 38

SMILESMILE SSpin pin MMeasurements easurements

in in IInteractions at nteractions at LLow ow EEnergy nergy

bull Study of spin-filtering process

bull Electromagnetic interaction unpolarized protons on polarized internal target at COSY

bull Hadronic interaction unpolarized antiprotons on polarized internal target at AD (CERN)

From COSY to FAIRhellipFrom COSY to FAIRhellip

Spin Workshop 05 Dubna M Contalbrigo - INFN Ferrara 39

OutlineOutlinebull Introduction

ndash Physics Casendash The FAIR project

bull PAX Accelerator Setupndash Stagingndash Antiproton Polarizer Ringndash Asymmetric Antiproton-Proton Collider

bull Experimentndash Conceptual Detector Designndash Preliminary Results for Drell-Yan Studiesndash Rate estimates

Spin Workshop 05 Dubna M Contalbrigo - INFN Ferrara 40

RINGS SETUP RINGS SETUP

asymmetric collider L = 2∙1030 cm-2s-1

Spin Workshop 05 Dubna M Contalbrigo - INFN Ferrara 41

OutlineOutlinebull Introduction

ndash Physics Casendash The FAIR project

bull PAX Accelerator Setupndash Stagingndash Antiproton Polarizer Ringndash Asymmetric Antiproton-Proton Collider

bull Experimentndash Conceptual Detector Designndash Preliminary Results for Drell-Yan Studiesndash Rate estimates

Spin Workshop 05 Dubna M Contalbrigo - INFN Ferrara 42

PAX Detector Concept PAX Detector Concept

Physics h1 distribution sin2 EMFF sin2

pbar-p elastic high |t|

Magnet Keeps beam polarization vertical Compatible with Cerenkov Compatible with polarized target

Detector Extremely rare DY signal (10-7 p-pbar) Maximum Bjorken-x coverage (M interval) Excellent PID (hadrone rejection ~ 104) High mass resolution (le2 )

Moderate lepton energies (05-5 GeV)

Azimuthally SymmetricBARREL GEOMETRY

LARGE ANGLES

Experiment Flexible Facility

TOROIDNO FRINGE FIELD

e+e-

Spin Workshop 05 Dubna M Contalbrigo - INFN Ferrara 43

PAX Detector Concept PAX Detector Concept

Designed for Collider but compatible with fixed target

Cerenkov(200 m)

(20 m)

GEANT simulation

Spin Workshop 05 Dubna M Contalbrigo - INFN Ferrara 44

OutlineOutlinebull Introduction

ndash Physics Casendash The FAIR project

bull PAX Accelerator Setupndash Stagingndash Antiproton Polarizer Ringndash Asymmetric Antiproton-Proton Collider

bull Experimentndash Conceptual Detector Designndash Preliminary Results for Drell-Yan Studiesndash Rate estimates

Spin Workshop 05 Dubna M Contalbrigo - INFN Ferrara 45

-p Phase Space-p Phase Space

Background peaks at low energy forward direction

acceptance

Spin Workshop 05 Dubna M Contalbrigo - INFN Ferrara 46

Background to Drell-Yan eBackground to Drell-Yan e++ee--

frac12 hour experiment 2∙108 p-pbar interactions several DY events

combinatorial+charm bckg

Background 11 to signal after PID Egt300 MeV conversion veto mass cut the combinatorial component can be subtracted (wrong-sign control sample) the charm can be reduced (vertex decay)

+-++ amp --

Spin Workshop 05 Dubna M Contalbrigo - INFN Ferrara 47

-p Phase Space-p Phase Space

Vertex resolution high enoughto study charm background

Better than 2 mass resol x dependence of h1

resonance vs continuum

Mandatory to study M below Jψ mass

Spin Workshop 05 Dubna M Contalbrigo - INFN Ferrara 48

OutlineOutlinebull Introduction

ndash Physics Casendash The FAIR project

bull PAX Accelerator Setupndash Stagingndash Antiproton Polarizer Ringndash Asymmetric Antiproton-Proton Collider

bull Experimentndash Conceptual Detector Designndash Preliminary Results for Drell-Yan Studiesndash Rate estimates

Spin Workshop 05 Dubna M Contalbrigo - INFN Ferrara 49

10 precision on the h1u (x) in the valence region

1 year of data taking at 15+35 GeV collider L = 2∙1030 cm-2s-1

Precision in hPrecision in h11 measurement measurement

Spin Workshop 05 Dubna M Contalbrigo - INFN Ferrara 50

Summary

bull PAX project has an innovative spin physics program transversity SSA EMFF hard p-pbar scatterings

bull A method to obtain an antiproton beam with high degree of polarization has to be optimized (APR)

bull PAX viable accelerator setup provides fexible 2nd IP really matched to the physics items lots of interesting QCD physics in PAX Phase-I asymmetric collider ideal to map transversity (Phase-II)

Spin Workshop 05 Dubna M Contalbrigo - INFN Ferrara 51

Background to Drell-Yan eBackground to Drell-Yan e++ee--

frac12 hour experiment 2∙108 p-pbar interactions several DY events

combinatorial+charm bckg

Background 11 to signal after PID Egt300 MeV conversion veto mass cut the combinatorial component can be subtracted (wrong-sign control sample) the charm can be reduced (vertex decay)

+-++ amp --

Spin Workshop 05 Dubna M Contalbrigo - INFN Ferrara 52

PAX Integrated Luminosities for Physics PAX Integrated Luminosities for Physics CasesCases

pb-1

fb-1

Inte

gra

ted

Lu

min

osi

ty

EMFF DSA s=376 GeV2

ppbar elastic DSA t=4 GeV2

Phase-I L=151031 cm-2s-1

Antiproton Beam Polarization Ppbar=03 Proton Polarization Pp=08

Phase-II L=21030 cm-2s-1

EMFF DSA s=9 GeV2

Absolute Error ΔDSA=005

h1 DSA Mgt2 GeV Δ=10

h1 DSA Mgt4 GeV Δ=20

(1 y)

(4 y)(1 y)

Spin Workshop 05 Dubna M Contalbrigo - INFN Ferrara 53

q q

q qqqqq

TTTT xqxqxqxqe

xhxhxhxheaA

)()()()(

)()()()(ˆ

dd

dd

21212

211121112

Barone Calarco Drago

Martin Schaumlfer Stratmann Vogelsang

h1 from p-p Drell-Yan at RICHU70

h1q (x Q2) small and with much slower evolution than

Δq(x Q2) and q(x Q2) at small x

h1q (x Q2)- h1q (x Q2)ne

RHIC τ=x1x2~10-3 rarr sea quarks (ATT very small ~ 001 )

3102 RICH energies 22 GeV 100 GeV 200 Ms

  • PAX Polarized Antiproton eXperiments
  • PAX Collaboration
  • Slide 3
  • Outline
  • Slide 5
  • Slide 6
  • Slide 7
  • Slide 8
  • Slide 9
  • Slide 10
  • Slide 11
  • Slide 12
  • Slide 13
  • Slide 14
  • Slide 15
  • Slide 16
  • Slide 17
  • Slide 18
  • pp Elastic Scattering from ZGS
  • Slide 20
  • Proton Electromagnetic Formfactors
  • Slide 22
  • Slide 23
  • Slide 24
  • Slide 25
  • Slide 26
  • PAX Accelerator Setup
  • Slide 28
  • Slide 29
  • Slide 30
  • Slide 31
  • Slide 32
  • Slide 33
  • Slide 34
  • Slide 35
  • Slide 36
  • Slide 37
  • SMILE Spin Measurements in Interactions at Low Energy
  • Slide 39
  • Slide 40
  • Slide 41
  • Slide 42
  • Slide 43
  • Slide 44
  • Slide 45
  • Slide 46
  • Slide 47
  • Slide 48
  • Slide 49
  • Summary
  • Slide 51
  • PAX Integrated Luminosities for Physics Cases
  • Slide 53
Page 24: PAX Polarized Antiproton eXperiments

Spin Workshop 05 Dubna M Contalbrigo - INFN Ferrara 24

Facilty for Antiproton and Ion Research (GSI Darmstadt Germany)

-Proton linac (injector)-2 synchrotons (30 GeV p)-A number of storage rings Parallel beams operation

Spin Workshop 05 Dubna M Contalbrigo - INFN Ferrara 25

HESR

Antiproton Production

Target

HESR (High Energy Storage Ring) p = 15 - 15 GeVc (22 GeVc) (Length 442 m Bρ = 50 Tm)

PANDA storage ring (N=5 x 1010

pbar)

High luminosity mode (Δpp ~ 10-4) Luminosity = 2 x 1032 cm-2s-1

High resolution mode (Δpp ~ 10-5 ) Luminosity = 1031 cm-2s-1

PAX synchroton (N=3 x 1011 pbar) Preserve polarization Luminosity = 2 x 1030 cm-2s-1

The Antiproton FacilityThe Antiproton Facility

bullAntiproton production similar to CERN

bullProduction rate 107sec at 30 GeV

SuperFRS

NESR

CR

Beam Cooling e- andor stochastic

SIS100300

Spin Workshop 05 Dubna M Contalbrigo - INFN Ferrara 26

OutlineOutlinebull Introduction

ndash Physics Casendash The FAIR project

bull PAX Accelerator Setupndash Stagingndash Antiproton Polarizer Ringndash Asymmetric Antiproton-Proton Collider

bull Experimentndash Conceptual Detector Designndash Preliminary Results for Drell-Yan Studiesndash Rate estimates

Spin Workshop 05 Dubna M Contalbrigo - INFN Ferrara 27

PAX Accelerator SetupPAX Accelerator Setup

In the following focus on two issuesbull Antiproton Polarizer Ring (APR)bull Asymmetric Antiproton-Proton Collider

Spin Workshop 05 Dubna M Contalbrigo - INFN Ferrara 28

Staging Staging Phase I (PAXCSR)Phase I (PAXCSR)

Physics EMFFpbar-p elastic

Experiment polunpol pbar on internal polarized target

Independent from HESR running

Spin Workshop 05 Dubna M Contalbrigo - INFN Ferrara 29

Staging Staging Phase II (PAXHESR)Phase II (PAXHESR)

EXPERIMENT1 Asymmetric collider polarized antiprotons in HESR (p=15 GeVc)

polarized protons in CSR (p=35 GeVc)2 Internal polarized target with 22 GeVc polarized antiproton

beam

Physics Transversity

Second IP with minor interference with PANDA

Spin Workshop 05 Dubna M Contalbrigo - INFN Ferrara 30

OutlineOutlinebull Introduction

ndash Physics Casendash The FAIR project

bull PAX Accelerator Setupndash Stagingndash Antiproton Polarizer Ringndash Asymmetric Antiproton-Proton Collider

bull Experimentndash Conceptual Detector Designndash Preliminary Results for Drell-Yan Studiesndash Rate estimates

Spin Workshop 05 Dubna M Contalbrigo - INFN Ferrara 31

Principle of spin filter methodPrinciple of spin filter method

P beam polarizationQ target polarizationk || beam direction

σtot = σ0 + σmiddotPmiddotQ + σ||middot(Pmiddotk)(Qmiddotk)

transverse case

Q0tot

longitudinal case

Q)( ||0tot

For initially equally populated spin states (m=+frac12) and (m=-frac12)

Unpolarized anti-p beam

Polarized H target

Spin Workshop 05 Dubna M Contalbrigo - INFN Ferrara 32

The HERMES targetThe HERMES target

Atomic Beam SourceNIM A 505 (2003) 633

Pz+ = |1gt + |4gt

Pz- = |2gt + |3gt

mmjj = = ++1212

mmjj = = --1212

mmii=-12=-12

mmii=-12=-12

mmii=+1=+122

mmii=+1=+122

1|1gt|2gt

|3gt|4gt

ee-

pp|1gt

Spin Workshop 05 Dubna M Contalbrigo - INFN Ferrara 33

Performance of Polarized Internal Performance of Polarized Internal TargetsTargets

PT = 0795 0033

HERMES

H Transverse Field (B=297 mT)

HERMES

Dz

Dzz

PT = 0845 plusmn 0028

Longitudinal Field (B=335 mT)

HERMES Stored Positrons PINTEX Stored Protons

H

Fast reorientation in a weak field (xyz)

Targets work very reliably (months of stable operation)

Spin Workshop 05 Dubna M Contalbrigo - INFN Ferrara 34

Exploitation of Spin TransferExploitation of Spin Transfer

PAX will employ spin-filter from internal polarized hydrogen

target to antiprotons

Hydrogen gas target in strong field (300 mT)

F Rathmann et al PRL 71 1379 (1993)

Low energy pp scattering 1lt0 tot+lttot-

Expectation

Target Beam

FILTEX ResultsFILTEX Results

Spin Workshop 05 Dubna M Contalbrigo - INFN Ferrara 35

Puzzle from FILTEX TestPuzzle from FILTEX TestObserved polarization build-up dPdt = plusmn (124 plusmn 006) x 10-2 h-1

Expected build-up P(t)=tanh(tτpol)

1τpol=σ1Qdtf=24x10-2 h-1

about factor 2 larger

σ1 = 122 mb (pp phase shifts)Q = 083 plusmn 003dt = (56 plusmn 03) x 1013cm-2

f = 1177 MHz

Three distinct effects (measured 1=69 mb)

1 Selective removal through scattering beyond Ψacc=44 mrad σR=83 mb

2 Small angle scattering of target protons into ring acceptance σS=52 mb

3 Spin transfer from polarized electrons of the target atoms to the stored protons

σEM=70 mb (-) Horowitz amp Meyer PRL 72 3981 (1994)

HO Meyer PRE 50 1485 (1994)

Spin Workshop 05 Dubna M Contalbrigo - INFN Ferrara 36

01

02

03

04

Beam

Pola

riza

tion

P(2

middotτbeam)

10 T (MeV)100

EM only

5

10

30

20

40

Ψacc=50 mrad

0

1

Filter Test T = 23 MeV Ψacc= 44 mrad

Beam PolarizationBeam Polarization (Electromagnetic Interaction)(Electromagnetic Interaction)

Spin Workshop 05 Dubna M Contalbrigo - INFN Ferrara 37

Beam Polarization Beam Polarization (Hadronic Interaction Longitudinal Case)(Hadronic Interaction Longitudinal Case)

Experimental Tests requiredbullEM effect needs protons only (COSY)bullFinal Design of APR Filter test with p at AD (CERN)

Model D V Mull K Holinde Phys Rev C 51 2360 (1995)

Model A T Hippchen et al Phys Rev C 44 1323 (1991)

50 100 150 200 250 T (MeV) 50 100 150 200 T (MeV)

005

010

015

020

P

005

010

015

020

P

2 beam lifetimesΨacc=10-50 mrad

3 beam lifetimesΨacc=20 mrad

Spin Workshop 05 Dubna M Contalbrigo - INFN Ferrara 38

SMILESMILE SSpin pin MMeasurements easurements

in in IInteractions at nteractions at LLow ow EEnergy nergy

bull Study of spin-filtering process

bull Electromagnetic interaction unpolarized protons on polarized internal target at COSY

bull Hadronic interaction unpolarized antiprotons on polarized internal target at AD (CERN)

From COSY to FAIRhellipFrom COSY to FAIRhellip

Spin Workshop 05 Dubna M Contalbrigo - INFN Ferrara 39

OutlineOutlinebull Introduction

ndash Physics Casendash The FAIR project

bull PAX Accelerator Setupndash Stagingndash Antiproton Polarizer Ringndash Asymmetric Antiproton-Proton Collider

bull Experimentndash Conceptual Detector Designndash Preliminary Results for Drell-Yan Studiesndash Rate estimates

Spin Workshop 05 Dubna M Contalbrigo - INFN Ferrara 40

RINGS SETUP RINGS SETUP

asymmetric collider L = 2∙1030 cm-2s-1

Spin Workshop 05 Dubna M Contalbrigo - INFN Ferrara 41

OutlineOutlinebull Introduction

ndash Physics Casendash The FAIR project

bull PAX Accelerator Setupndash Stagingndash Antiproton Polarizer Ringndash Asymmetric Antiproton-Proton Collider

bull Experimentndash Conceptual Detector Designndash Preliminary Results for Drell-Yan Studiesndash Rate estimates

Spin Workshop 05 Dubna M Contalbrigo - INFN Ferrara 42

PAX Detector Concept PAX Detector Concept

Physics h1 distribution sin2 EMFF sin2

pbar-p elastic high |t|

Magnet Keeps beam polarization vertical Compatible with Cerenkov Compatible with polarized target

Detector Extremely rare DY signal (10-7 p-pbar) Maximum Bjorken-x coverage (M interval) Excellent PID (hadrone rejection ~ 104) High mass resolution (le2 )

Moderate lepton energies (05-5 GeV)

Azimuthally SymmetricBARREL GEOMETRY

LARGE ANGLES

Experiment Flexible Facility

TOROIDNO FRINGE FIELD

e+e-

Spin Workshop 05 Dubna M Contalbrigo - INFN Ferrara 43

PAX Detector Concept PAX Detector Concept

Designed for Collider but compatible with fixed target

Cerenkov(200 m)

(20 m)

GEANT simulation

Spin Workshop 05 Dubna M Contalbrigo - INFN Ferrara 44

OutlineOutlinebull Introduction

ndash Physics Casendash The FAIR project

bull PAX Accelerator Setupndash Stagingndash Antiproton Polarizer Ringndash Asymmetric Antiproton-Proton Collider

bull Experimentndash Conceptual Detector Designndash Preliminary Results for Drell-Yan Studiesndash Rate estimates

Spin Workshop 05 Dubna M Contalbrigo - INFN Ferrara 45

-p Phase Space-p Phase Space

Background peaks at low energy forward direction

acceptance

Spin Workshop 05 Dubna M Contalbrigo - INFN Ferrara 46

Background to Drell-Yan eBackground to Drell-Yan e++ee--

frac12 hour experiment 2∙108 p-pbar interactions several DY events

combinatorial+charm bckg

Background 11 to signal after PID Egt300 MeV conversion veto mass cut the combinatorial component can be subtracted (wrong-sign control sample) the charm can be reduced (vertex decay)

+-++ amp --

Spin Workshop 05 Dubna M Contalbrigo - INFN Ferrara 47

-p Phase Space-p Phase Space

Vertex resolution high enoughto study charm background

Better than 2 mass resol x dependence of h1

resonance vs continuum

Mandatory to study M below Jψ mass

Spin Workshop 05 Dubna M Contalbrigo - INFN Ferrara 48

OutlineOutlinebull Introduction

ndash Physics Casendash The FAIR project

bull PAX Accelerator Setupndash Stagingndash Antiproton Polarizer Ringndash Asymmetric Antiproton-Proton Collider

bull Experimentndash Conceptual Detector Designndash Preliminary Results for Drell-Yan Studiesndash Rate estimates

Spin Workshop 05 Dubna M Contalbrigo - INFN Ferrara 49

10 precision on the h1u (x) in the valence region

1 year of data taking at 15+35 GeV collider L = 2∙1030 cm-2s-1

Precision in hPrecision in h11 measurement measurement

Spin Workshop 05 Dubna M Contalbrigo - INFN Ferrara 50

Summary

bull PAX project has an innovative spin physics program transversity SSA EMFF hard p-pbar scatterings

bull A method to obtain an antiproton beam with high degree of polarization has to be optimized (APR)

bull PAX viable accelerator setup provides fexible 2nd IP really matched to the physics items lots of interesting QCD physics in PAX Phase-I asymmetric collider ideal to map transversity (Phase-II)

Spin Workshop 05 Dubna M Contalbrigo - INFN Ferrara 51

Background to Drell-Yan eBackground to Drell-Yan e++ee--

frac12 hour experiment 2∙108 p-pbar interactions several DY events

combinatorial+charm bckg

Background 11 to signal after PID Egt300 MeV conversion veto mass cut the combinatorial component can be subtracted (wrong-sign control sample) the charm can be reduced (vertex decay)

+-++ amp --

Spin Workshop 05 Dubna M Contalbrigo - INFN Ferrara 52

PAX Integrated Luminosities for Physics PAX Integrated Luminosities for Physics CasesCases

pb-1

fb-1

Inte

gra

ted

Lu

min

osi

ty

EMFF DSA s=376 GeV2

ppbar elastic DSA t=4 GeV2

Phase-I L=151031 cm-2s-1

Antiproton Beam Polarization Ppbar=03 Proton Polarization Pp=08

Phase-II L=21030 cm-2s-1

EMFF DSA s=9 GeV2

Absolute Error ΔDSA=005

h1 DSA Mgt2 GeV Δ=10

h1 DSA Mgt4 GeV Δ=20

(1 y)

(4 y)(1 y)

Spin Workshop 05 Dubna M Contalbrigo - INFN Ferrara 53

q q

q qqqqq

TTTT xqxqxqxqe

xhxhxhxheaA

)()()()(

)()()()(ˆ

dd

dd

21212

211121112

Barone Calarco Drago

Martin Schaumlfer Stratmann Vogelsang

h1 from p-p Drell-Yan at RICHU70

h1q (x Q2) small and with much slower evolution than

Δq(x Q2) and q(x Q2) at small x

h1q (x Q2)- h1q (x Q2)ne

RHIC τ=x1x2~10-3 rarr sea quarks (ATT very small ~ 001 )

3102 RICH energies 22 GeV 100 GeV 200 Ms

  • PAX Polarized Antiproton eXperiments
  • PAX Collaboration
  • Slide 3
  • Outline
  • Slide 5
  • Slide 6
  • Slide 7
  • Slide 8
  • Slide 9
  • Slide 10
  • Slide 11
  • Slide 12
  • Slide 13
  • Slide 14
  • Slide 15
  • Slide 16
  • Slide 17
  • Slide 18
  • pp Elastic Scattering from ZGS
  • Slide 20
  • Proton Electromagnetic Formfactors
  • Slide 22
  • Slide 23
  • Slide 24
  • Slide 25
  • Slide 26
  • PAX Accelerator Setup
  • Slide 28
  • Slide 29
  • Slide 30
  • Slide 31
  • Slide 32
  • Slide 33
  • Slide 34
  • Slide 35
  • Slide 36
  • Slide 37
  • SMILE Spin Measurements in Interactions at Low Energy
  • Slide 39
  • Slide 40
  • Slide 41
  • Slide 42
  • Slide 43
  • Slide 44
  • Slide 45
  • Slide 46
  • Slide 47
  • Slide 48
  • Slide 49
  • Summary
  • Slide 51
  • PAX Integrated Luminosities for Physics Cases
  • Slide 53
Page 25: PAX Polarized Antiproton eXperiments

Spin Workshop 05 Dubna M Contalbrigo - INFN Ferrara 25

HESR

Antiproton Production

Target

HESR (High Energy Storage Ring) p = 15 - 15 GeVc (22 GeVc) (Length 442 m Bρ = 50 Tm)

PANDA storage ring (N=5 x 1010

pbar)

High luminosity mode (Δpp ~ 10-4) Luminosity = 2 x 1032 cm-2s-1

High resolution mode (Δpp ~ 10-5 ) Luminosity = 1031 cm-2s-1

PAX synchroton (N=3 x 1011 pbar) Preserve polarization Luminosity = 2 x 1030 cm-2s-1

The Antiproton FacilityThe Antiproton Facility

bullAntiproton production similar to CERN

bullProduction rate 107sec at 30 GeV

SuperFRS

NESR

CR

Beam Cooling e- andor stochastic

SIS100300

Spin Workshop 05 Dubna M Contalbrigo - INFN Ferrara 26

OutlineOutlinebull Introduction

ndash Physics Casendash The FAIR project

bull PAX Accelerator Setupndash Stagingndash Antiproton Polarizer Ringndash Asymmetric Antiproton-Proton Collider

bull Experimentndash Conceptual Detector Designndash Preliminary Results for Drell-Yan Studiesndash Rate estimates

Spin Workshop 05 Dubna M Contalbrigo - INFN Ferrara 27

PAX Accelerator SetupPAX Accelerator Setup

In the following focus on two issuesbull Antiproton Polarizer Ring (APR)bull Asymmetric Antiproton-Proton Collider

Spin Workshop 05 Dubna M Contalbrigo - INFN Ferrara 28

Staging Staging Phase I (PAXCSR)Phase I (PAXCSR)

Physics EMFFpbar-p elastic

Experiment polunpol pbar on internal polarized target

Independent from HESR running

Spin Workshop 05 Dubna M Contalbrigo - INFN Ferrara 29

Staging Staging Phase II (PAXHESR)Phase II (PAXHESR)

EXPERIMENT1 Asymmetric collider polarized antiprotons in HESR (p=15 GeVc)

polarized protons in CSR (p=35 GeVc)2 Internal polarized target with 22 GeVc polarized antiproton

beam

Physics Transversity

Second IP with minor interference with PANDA

Spin Workshop 05 Dubna M Contalbrigo - INFN Ferrara 30

OutlineOutlinebull Introduction

ndash Physics Casendash The FAIR project

bull PAX Accelerator Setupndash Stagingndash Antiproton Polarizer Ringndash Asymmetric Antiproton-Proton Collider

bull Experimentndash Conceptual Detector Designndash Preliminary Results for Drell-Yan Studiesndash Rate estimates

Spin Workshop 05 Dubna M Contalbrigo - INFN Ferrara 31

Principle of spin filter methodPrinciple of spin filter method

P beam polarizationQ target polarizationk || beam direction

σtot = σ0 + σmiddotPmiddotQ + σ||middot(Pmiddotk)(Qmiddotk)

transverse case

Q0tot

longitudinal case

Q)( ||0tot

For initially equally populated spin states (m=+frac12) and (m=-frac12)

Unpolarized anti-p beam

Polarized H target

Spin Workshop 05 Dubna M Contalbrigo - INFN Ferrara 32

The HERMES targetThe HERMES target

Atomic Beam SourceNIM A 505 (2003) 633

Pz+ = |1gt + |4gt

Pz- = |2gt + |3gt

mmjj = = ++1212

mmjj = = --1212

mmii=-12=-12

mmii=-12=-12

mmii=+1=+122

mmii=+1=+122

1|1gt|2gt

|3gt|4gt

ee-

pp|1gt

Spin Workshop 05 Dubna M Contalbrigo - INFN Ferrara 33

Performance of Polarized Internal Performance of Polarized Internal TargetsTargets

PT = 0795 0033

HERMES

H Transverse Field (B=297 mT)

HERMES

Dz

Dzz

PT = 0845 plusmn 0028

Longitudinal Field (B=335 mT)

HERMES Stored Positrons PINTEX Stored Protons

H

Fast reorientation in a weak field (xyz)

Targets work very reliably (months of stable operation)

Spin Workshop 05 Dubna M Contalbrigo - INFN Ferrara 34

Exploitation of Spin TransferExploitation of Spin Transfer

PAX will employ spin-filter from internal polarized hydrogen

target to antiprotons

Hydrogen gas target in strong field (300 mT)

F Rathmann et al PRL 71 1379 (1993)

Low energy pp scattering 1lt0 tot+lttot-

Expectation

Target Beam

FILTEX ResultsFILTEX Results

Spin Workshop 05 Dubna M Contalbrigo - INFN Ferrara 35

Puzzle from FILTEX TestPuzzle from FILTEX TestObserved polarization build-up dPdt = plusmn (124 plusmn 006) x 10-2 h-1

Expected build-up P(t)=tanh(tτpol)

1τpol=σ1Qdtf=24x10-2 h-1

about factor 2 larger

σ1 = 122 mb (pp phase shifts)Q = 083 plusmn 003dt = (56 plusmn 03) x 1013cm-2

f = 1177 MHz

Three distinct effects (measured 1=69 mb)

1 Selective removal through scattering beyond Ψacc=44 mrad σR=83 mb

2 Small angle scattering of target protons into ring acceptance σS=52 mb

3 Spin transfer from polarized electrons of the target atoms to the stored protons

σEM=70 mb (-) Horowitz amp Meyer PRL 72 3981 (1994)

HO Meyer PRE 50 1485 (1994)

Spin Workshop 05 Dubna M Contalbrigo - INFN Ferrara 36

01

02

03

04

Beam

Pola

riza

tion

P(2

middotτbeam)

10 T (MeV)100

EM only

5

10

30

20

40

Ψacc=50 mrad

0

1

Filter Test T = 23 MeV Ψacc= 44 mrad

Beam PolarizationBeam Polarization (Electromagnetic Interaction)(Electromagnetic Interaction)

Spin Workshop 05 Dubna M Contalbrigo - INFN Ferrara 37

Beam Polarization Beam Polarization (Hadronic Interaction Longitudinal Case)(Hadronic Interaction Longitudinal Case)

Experimental Tests requiredbullEM effect needs protons only (COSY)bullFinal Design of APR Filter test with p at AD (CERN)

Model D V Mull K Holinde Phys Rev C 51 2360 (1995)

Model A T Hippchen et al Phys Rev C 44 1323 (1991)

50 100 150 200 250 T (MeV) 50 100 150 200 T (MeV)

005

010

015

020

P

005

010

015

020

P

2 beam lifetimesΨacc=10-50 mrad

3 beam lifetimesΨacc=20 mrad

Spin Workshop 05 Dubna M Contalbrigo - INFN Ferrara 38

SMILESMILE SSpin pin MMeasurements easurements

in in IInteractions at nteractions at LLow ow EEnergy nergy

bull Study of spin-filtering process

bull Electromagnetic interaction unpolarized protons on polarized internal target at COSY

bull Hadronic interaction unpolarized antiprotons on polarized internal target at AD (CERN)

From COSY to FAIRhellipFrom COSY to FAIRhellip

Spin Workshop 05 Dubna M Contalbrigo - INFN Ferrara 39

OutlineOutlinebull Introduction

ndash Physics Casendash The FAIR project

bull PAX Accelerator Setupndash Stagingndash Antiproton Polarizer Ringndash Asymmetric Antiproton-Proton Collider

bull Experimentndash Conceptual Detector Designndash Preliminary Results for Drell-Yan Studiesndash Rate estimates

Spin Workshop 05 Dubna M Contalbrigo - INFN Ferrara 40

RINGS SETUP RINGS SETUP

asymmetric collider L = 2∙1030 cm-2s-1

Spin Workshop 05 Dubna M Contalbrigo - INFN Ferrara 41

OutlineOutlinebull Introduction

ndash Physics Casendash The FAIR project

bull PAX Accelerator Setupndash Stagingndash Antiproton Polarizer Ringndash Asymmetric Antiproton-Proton Collider

bull Experimentndash Conceptual Detector Designndash Preliminary Results for Drell-Yan Studiesndash Rate estimates

Spin Workshop 05 Dubna M Contalbrigo - INFN Ferrara 42

PAX Detector Concept PAX Detector Concept

Physics h1 distribution sin2 EMFF sin2

pbar-p elastic high |t|

Magnet Keeps beam polarization vertical Compatible with Cerenkov Compatible with polarized target

Detector Extremely rare DY signal (10-7 p-pbar) Maximum Bjorken-x coverage (M interval) Excellent PID (hadrone rejection ~ 104) High mass resolution (le2 )

Moderate lepton energies (05-5 GeV)

Azimuthally SymmetricBARREL GEOMETRY

LARGE ANGLES

Experiment Flexible Facility

TOROIDNO FRINGE FIELD

e+e-

Spin Workshop 05 Dubna M Contalbrigo - INFN Ferrara 43

PAX Detector Concept PAX Detector Concept

Designed for Collider but compatible with fixed target

Cerenkov(200 m)

(20 m)

GEANT simulation

Spin Workshop 05 Dubna M Contalbrigo - INFN Ferrara 44

OutlineOutlinebull Introduction

ndash Physics Casendash The FAIR project

bull PAX Accelerator Setupndash Stagingndash Antiproton Polarizer Ringndash Asymmetric Antiproton-Proton Collider

bull Experimentndash Conceptual Detector Designndash Preliminary Results for Drell-Yan Studiesndash Rate estimates

Spin Workshop 05 Dubna M Contalbrigo - INFN Ferrara 45

-p Phase Space-p Phase Space

Background peaks at low energy forward direction

acceptance

Spin Workshop 05 Dubna M Contalbrigo - INFN Ferrara 46

Background to Drell-Yan eBackground to Drell-Yan e++ee--

frac12 hour experiment 2∙108 p-pbar interactions several DY events

combinatorial+charm bckg

Background 11 to signal after PID Egt300 MeV conversion veto mass cut the combinatorial component can be subtracted (wrong-sign control sample) the charm can be reduced (vertex decay)

+-++ amp --

Spin Workshop 05 Dubna M Contalbrigo - INFN Ferrara 47

-p Phase Space-p Phase Space

Vertex resolution high enoughto study charm background

Better than 2 mass resol x dependence of h1

resonance vs continuum

Mandatory to study M below Jψ mass

Spin Workshop 05 Dubna M Contalbrigo - INFN Ferrara 48

OutlineOutlinebull Introduction

ndash Physics Casendash The FAIR project

bull PAX Accelerator Setupndash Stagingndash Antiproton Polarizer Ringndash Asymmetric Antiproton-Proton Collider

bull Experimentndash Conceptual Detector Designndash Preliminary Results for Drell-Yan Studiesndash Rate estimates

Spin Workshop 05 Dubna M Contalbrigo - INFN Ferrara 49

10 precision on the h1u (x) in the valence region

1 year of data taking at 15+35 GeV collider L = 2∙1030 cm-2s-1

Precision in hPrecision in h11 measurement measurement

Spin Workshop 05 Dubna M Contalbrigo - INFN Ferrara 50

Summary

bull PAX project has an innovative spin physics program transversity SSA EMFF hard p-pbar scatterings

bull A method to obtain an antiproton beam with high degree of polarization has to be optimized (APR)

bull PAX viable accelerator setup provides fexible 2nd IP really matched to the physics items lots of interesting QCD physics in PAX Phase-I asymmetric collider ideal to map transversity (Phase-II)

Spin Workshop 05 Dubna M Contalbrigo - INFN Ferrara 51

Background to Drell-Yan eBackground to Drell-Yan e++ee--

frac12 hour experiment 2∙108 p-pbar interactions several DY events

combinatorial+charm bckg

Background 11 to signal after PID Egt300 MeV conversion veto mass cut the combinatorial component can be subtracted (wrong-sign control sample) the charm can be reduced (vertex decay)

+-++ amp --

Spin Workshop 05 Dubna M Contalbrigo - INFN Ferrara 52

PAX Integrated Luminosities for Physics PAX Integrated Luminosities for Physics CasesCases

pb-1

fb-1

Inte

gra

ted

Lu

min

osi

ty

EMFF DSA s=376 GeV2

ppbar elastic DSA t=4 GeV2

Phase-I L=151031 cm-2s-1

Antiproton Beam Polarization Ppbar=03 Proton Polarization Pp=08

Phase-II L=21030 cm-2s-1

EMFF DSA s=9 GeV2

Absolute Error ΔDSA=005

h1 DSA Mgt2 GeV Δ=10

h1 DSA Mgt4 GeV Δ=20

(1 y)

(4 y)(1 y)

Spin Workshop 05 Dubna M Contalbrigo - INFN Ferrara 53

q q

q qqqqq

TTTT xqxqxqxqe

xhxhxhxheaA

)()()()(

)()()()(ˆ

dd

dd

21212

211121112

Barone Calarco Drago

Martin Schaumlfer Stratmann Vogelsang

h1 from p-p Drell-Yan at RICHU70

h1q (x Q2) small and with much slower evolution than

Δq(x Q2) and q(x Q2) at small x

h1q (x Q2)- h1q (x Q2)ne

RHIC τ=x1x2~10-3 rarr sea quarks (ATT very small ~ 001 )

3102 RICH energies 22 GeV 100 GeV 200 Ms

  • PAX Polarized Antiproton eXperiments
  • PAX Collaboration
  • Slide 3
  • Outline
  • Slide 5
  • Slide 6
  • Slide 7
  • Slide 8
  • Slide 9
  • Slide 10
  • Slide 11
  • Slide 12
  • Slide 13
  • Slide 14
  • Slide 15
  • Slide 16
  • Slide 17
  • Slide 18
  • pp Elastic Scattering from ZGS
  • Slide 20
  • Proton Electromagnetic Formfactors
  • Slide 22
  • Slide 23
  • Slide 24
  • Slide 25
  • Slide 26
  • PAX Accelerator Setup
  • Slide 28
  • Slide 29
  • Slide 30
  • Slide 31
  • Slide 32
  • Slide 33
  • Slide 34
  • Slide 35
  • Slide 36
  • Slide 37
  • SMILE Spin Measurements in Interactions at Low Energy
  • Slide 39
  • Slide 40
  • Slide 41
  • Slide 42
  • Slide 43
  • Slide 44
  • Slide 45
  • Slide 46
  • Slide 47
  • Slide 48
  • Slide 49
  • Summary
  • Slide 51
  • PAX Integrated Luminosities for Physics Cases
  • Slide 53
Page 26: PAX Polarized Antiproton eXperiments

Spin Workshop 05 Dubna M Contalbrigo - INFN Ferrara 26

OutlineOutlinebull Introduction

ndash Physics Casendash The FAIR project

bull PAX Accelerator Setupndash Stagingndash Antiproton Polarizer Ringndash Asymmetric Antiproton-Proton Collider

bull Experimentndash Conceptual Detector Designndash Preliminary Results for Drell-Yan Studiesndash Rate estimates

Spin Workshop 05 Dubna M Contalbrigo - INFN Ferrara 27

PAX Accelerator SetupPAX Accelerator Setup

In the following focus on two issuesbull Antiproton Polarizer Ring (APR)bull Asymmetric Antiproton-Proton Collider

Spin Workshop 05 Dubna M Contalbrigo - INFN Ferrara 28

Staging Staging Phase I (PAXCSR)Phase I (PAXCSR)

Physics EMFFpbar-p elastic

Experiment polunpol pbar on internal polarized target

Independent from HESR running

Spin Workshop 05 Dubna M Contalbrigo - INFN Ferrara 29

Staging Staging Phase II (PAXHESR)Phase II (PAXHESR)

EXPERIMENT1 Asymmetric collider polarized antiprotons in HESR (p=15 GeVc)

polarized protons in CSR (p=35 GeVc)2 Internal polarized target with 22 GeVc polarized antiproton

beam

Physics Transversity

Second IP with minor interference with PANDA

Spin Workshop 05 Dubna M Contalbrigo - INFN Ferrara 30

OutlineOutlinebull Introduction

ndash Physics Casendash The FAIR project

bull PAX Accelerator Setupndash Stagingndash Antiproton Polarizer Ringndash Asymmetric Antiproton-Proton Collider

bull Experimentndash Conceptual Detector Designndash Preliminary Results for Drell-Yan Studiesndash Rate estimates

Spin Workshop 05 Dubna M Contalbrigo - INFN Ferrara 31

Principle of spin filter methodPrinciple of spin filter method

P beam polarizationQ target polarizationk || beam direction

σtot = σ0 + σmiddotPmiddotQ + σ||middot(Pmiddotk)(Qmiddotk)

transverse case

Q0tot

longitudinal case

Q)( ||0tot

For initially equally populated spin states (m=+frac12) and (m=-frac12)

Unpolarized anti-p beam

Polarized H target

Spin Workshop 05 Dubna M Contalbrigo - INFN Ferrara 32

The HERMES targetThe HERMES target

Atomic Beam SourceNIM A 505 (2003) 633

Pz+ = |1gt + |4gt

Pz- = |2gt + |3gt

mmjj = = ++1212

mmjj = = --1212

mmii=-12=-12

mmii=-12=-12

mmii=+1=+122

mmii=+1=+122

1|1gt|2gt

|3gt|4gt

ee-

pp|1gt

Spin Workshop 05 Dubna M Contalbrigo - INFN Ferrara 33

Performance of Polarized Internal Performance of Polarized Internal TargetsTargets

PT = 0795 0033

HERMES

H Transverse Field (B=297 mT)

HERMES

Dz

Dzz

PT = 0845 plusmn 0028

Longitudinal Field (B=335 mT)

HERMES Stored Positrons PINTEX Stored Protons

H

Fast reorientation in a weak field (xyz)

Targets work very reliably (months of stable operation)

Spin Workshop 05 Dubna M Contalbrigo - INFN Ferrara 34

Exploitation of Spin TransferExploitation of Spin Transfer

PAX will employ spin-filter from internal polarized hydrogen

target to antiprotons

Hydrogen gas target in strong field (300 mT)

F Rathmann et al PRL 71 1379 (1993)

Low energy pp scattering 1lt0 tot+lttot-

Expectation

Target Beam

FILTEX ResultsFILTEX Results

Spin Workshop 05 Dubna M Contalbrigo - INFN Ferrara 35

Puzzle from FILTEX TestPuzzle from FILTEX TestObserved polarization build-up dPdt = plusmn (124 plusmn 006) x 10-2 h-1

Expected build-up P(t)=tanh(tτpol)

1τpol=σ1Qdtf=24x10-2 h-1

about factor 2 larger

σ1 = 122 mb (pp phase shifts)Q = 083 plusmn 003dt = (56 plusmn 03) x 1013cm-2

f = 1177 MHz

Three distinct effects (measured 1=69 mb)

1 Selective removal through scattering beyond Ψacc=44 mrad σR=83 mb

2 Small angle scattering of target protons into ring acceptance σS=52 mb

3 Spin transfer from polarized electrons of the target atoms to the stored protons

σEM=70 mb (-) Horowitz amp Meyer PRL 72 3981 (1994)

HO Meyer PRE 50 1485 (1994)

Spin Workshop 05 Dubna M Contalbrigo - INFN Ferrara 36

01

02

03

04

Beam

Pola

riza

tion

P(2

middotτbeam)

10 T (MeV)100

EM only

5

10

30

20

40

Ψacc=50 mrad

0

1

Filter Test T = 23 MeV Ψacc= 44 mrad

Beam PolarizationBeam Polarization (Electromagnetic Interaction)(Electromagnetic Interaction)

Spin Workshop 05 Dubna M Contalbrigo - INFN Ferrara 37

Beam Polarization Beam Polarization (Hadronic Interaction Longitudinal Case)(Hadronic Interaction Longitudinal Case)

Experimental Tests requiredbullEM effect needs protons only (COSY)bullFinal Design of APR Filter test with p at AD (CERN)

Model D V Mull K Holinde Phys Rev C 51 2360 (1995)

Model A T Hippchen et al Phys Rev C 44 1323 (1991)

50 100 150 200 250 T (MeV) 50 100 150 200 T (MeV)

005

010

015

020

P

005

010

015

020

P

2 beam lifetimesΨacc=10-50 mrad

3 beam lifetimesΨacc=20 mrad

Spin Workshop 05 Dubna M Contalbrigo - INFN Ferrara 38

SMILESMILE SSpin pin MMeasurements easurements

in in IInteractions at nteractions at LLow ow EEnergy nergy

bull Study of spin-filtering process

bull Electromagnetic interaction unpolarized protons on polarized internal target at COSY

bull Hadronic interaction unpolarized antiprotons on polarized internal target at AD (CERN)

From COSY to FAIRhellipFrom COSY to FAIRhellip

Spin Workshop 05 Dubna M Contalbrigo - INFN Ferrara 39

OutlineOutlinebull Introduction

ndash Physics Casendash The FAIR project

bull PAX Accelerator Setupndash Stagingndash Antiproton Polarizer Ringndash Asymmetric Antiproton-Proton Collider

bull Experimentndash Conceptual Detector Designndash Preliminary Results for Drell-Yan Studiesndash Rate estimates

Spin Workshop 05 Dubna M Contalbrigo - INFN Ferrara 40

RINGS SETUP RINGS SETUP

asymmetric collider L = 2∙1030 cm-2s-1

Spin Workshop 05 Dubna M Contalbrigo - INFN Ferrara 41

OutlineOutlinebull Introduction

ndash Physics Casendash The FAIR project

bull PAX Accelerator Setupndash Stagingndash Antiproton Polarizer Ringndash Asymmetric Antiproton-Proton Collider

bull Experimentndash Conceptual Detector Designndash Preliminary Results for Drell-Yan Studiesndash Rate estimates

Spin Workshop 05 Dubna M Contalbrigo - INFN Ferrara 42

PAX Detector Concept PAX Detector Concept

Physics h1 distribution sin2 EMFF sin2

pbar-p elastic high |t|

Magnet Keeps beam polarization vertical Compatible with Cerenkov Compatible with polarized target

Detector Extremely rare DY signal (10-7 p-pbar) Maximum Bjorken-x coverage (M interval) Excellent PID (hadrone rejection ~ 104) High mass resolution (le2 )

Moderate lepton energies (05-5 GeV)

Azimuthally SymmetricBARREL GEOMETRY

LARGE ANGLES

Experiment Flexible Facility

TOROIDNO FRINGE FIELD

e+e-

Spin Workshop 05 Dubna M Contalbrigo - INFN Ferrara 43

PAX Detector Concept PAX Detector Concept

Designed for Collider but compatible with fixed target

Cerenkov(200 m)

(20 m)

GEANT simulation

Spin Workshop 05 Dubna M Contalbrigo - INFN Ferrara 44

OutlineOutlinebull Introduction

ndash Physics Casendash The FAIR project

bull PAX Accelerator Setupndash Stagingndash Antiproton Polarizer Ringndash Asymmetric Antiproton-Proton Collider

bull Experimentndash Conceptual Detector Designndash Preliminary Results for Drell-Yan Studiesndash Rate estimates

Spin Workshop 05 Dubna M Contalbrigo - INFN Ferrara 45

-p Phase Space-p Phase Space

Background peaks at low energy forward direction

acceptance

Spin Workshop 05 Dubna M Contalbrigo - INFN Ferrara 46

Background to Drell-Yan eBackground to Drell-Yan e++ee--

frac12 hour experiment 2∙108 p-pbar interactions several DY events

combinatorial+charm bckg

Background 11 to signal after PID Egt300 MeV conversion veto mass cut the combinatorial component can be subtracted (wrong-sign control sample) the charm can be reduced (vertex decay)

+-++ amp --

Spin Workshop 05 Dubna M Contalbrigo - INFN Ferrara 47

-p Phase Space-p Phase Space

Vertex resolution high enoughto study charm background

Better than 2 mass resol x dependence of h1

resonance vs continuum

Mandatory to study M below Jψ mass

Spin Workshop 05 Dubna M Contalbrigo - INFN Ferrara 48

OutlineOutlinebull Introduction

ndash Physics Casendash The FAIR project

bull PAX Accelerator Setupndash Stagingndash Antiproton Polarizer Ringndash Asymmetric Antiproton-Proton Collider

bull Experimentndash Conceptual Detector Designndash Preliminary Results for Drell-Yan Studiesndash Rate estimates

Spin Workshop 05 Dubna M Contalbrigo - INFN Ferrara 49

10 precision on the h1u (x) in the valence region

1 year of data taking at 15+35 GeV collider L = 2∙1030 cm-2s-1

Precision in hPrecision in h11 measurement measurement

Spin Workshop 05 Dubna M Contalbrigo - INFN Ferrara 50

Summary

bull PAX project has an innovative spin physics program transversity SSA EMFF hard p-pbar scatterings

bull A method to obtain an antiproton beam with high degree of polarization has to be optimized (APR)

bull PAX viable accelerator setup provides fexible 2nd IP really matched to the physics items lots of interesting QCD physics in PAX Phase-I asymmetric collider ideal to map transversity (Phase-II)

Spin Workshop 05 Dubna M Contalbrigo - INFN Ferrara 51

Background to Drell-Yan eBackground to Drell-Yan e++ee--

frac12 hour experiment 2∙108 p-pbar interactions several DY events

combinatorial+charm bckg

Background 11 to signal after PID Egt300 MeV conversion veto mass cut the combinatorial component can be subtracted (wrong-sign control sample) the charm can be reduced (vertex decay)

+-++ amp --

Spin Workshop 05 Dubna M Contalbrigo - INFN Ferrara 52

PAX Integrated Luminosities for Physics PAX Integrated Luminosities for Physics CasesCases

pb-1

fb-1

Inte

gra

ted

Lu

min

osi

ty

EMFF DSA s=376 GeV2

ppbar elastic DSA t=4 GeV2

Phase-I L=151031 cm-2s-1

Antiproton Beam Polarization Ppbar=03 Proton Polarization Pp=08

Phase-II L=21030 cm-2s-1

EMFF DSA s=9 GeV2

Absolute Error ΔDSA=005

h1 DSA Mgt2 GeV Δ=10

h1 DSA Mgt4 GeV Δ=20

(1 y)

(4 y)(1 y)

Spin Workshop 05 Dubna M Contalbrigo - INFN Ferrara 53

q q

q qqqqq

TTTT xqxqxqxqe

xhxhxhxheaA

)()()()(

)()()()(ˆ

dd

dd

21212

211121112

Barone Calarco Drago

Martin Schaumlfer Stratmann Vogelsang

h1 from p-p Drell-Yan at RICHU70

h1q (x Q2) small and with much slower evolution than

Δq(x Q2) and q(x Q2) at small x

h1q (x Q2)- h1q (x Q2)ne

RHIC τ=x1x2~10-3 rarr sea quarks (ATT very small ~ 001 )

3102 RICH energies 22 GeV 100 GeV 200 Ms

  • PAX Polarized Antiproton eXperiments
  • PAX Collaboration
  • Slide 3
  • Outline
  • Slide 5
  • Slide 6
  • Slide 7
  • Slide 8
  • Slide 9
  • Slide 10
  • Slide 11
  • Slide 12
  • Slide 13
  • Slide 14
  • Slide 15
  • Slide 16
  • Slide 17
  • Slide 18
  • pp Elastic Scattering from ZGS
  • Slide 20
  • Proton Electromagnetic Formfactors
  • Slide 22
  • Slide 23
  • Slide 24
  • Slide 25
  • Slide 26
  • PAX Accelerator Setup
  • Slide 28
  • Slide 29
  • Slide 30
  • Slide 31
  • Slide 32
  • Slide 33
  • Slide 34
  • Slide 35
  • Slide 36
  • Slide 37
  • SMILE Spin Measurements in Interactions at Low Energy
  • Slide 39
  • Slide 40
  • Slide 41
  • Slide 42
  • Slide 43
  • Slide 44
  • Slide 45
  • Slide 46
  • Slide 47
  • Slide 48
  • Slide 49
  • Summary
  • Slide 51
  • PAX Integrated Luminosities for Physics Cases
  • Slide 53
Page 27: PAX Polarized Antiproton eXperiments

Spin Workshop 05 Dubna M Contalbrigo - INFN Ferrara 27

PAX Accelerator SetupPAX Accelerator Setup

In the following focus on two issuesbull Antiproton Polarizer Ring (APR)bull Asymmetric Antiproton-Proton Collider

Spin Workshop 05 Dubna M Contalbrigo - INFN Ferrara 28

Staging Staging Phase I (PAXCSR)Phase I (PAXCSR)

Physics EMFFpbar-p elastic

Experiment polunpol pbar on internal polarized target

Independent from HESR running

Spin Workshop 05 Dubna M Contalbrigo - INFN Ferrara 29

Staging Staging Phase II (PAXHESR)Phase II (PAXHESR)

EXPERIMENT1 Asymmetric collider polarized antiprotons in HESR (p=15 GeVc)

polarized protons in CSR (p=35 GeVc)2 Internal polarized target with 22 GeVc polarized antiproton

beam

Physics Transversity

Second IP with minor interference with PANDA

Spin Workshop 05 Dubna M Contalbrigo - INFN Ferrara 30

OutlineOutlinebull Introduction

ndash Physics Casendash The FAIR project

bull PAX Accelerator Setupndash Stagingndash Antiproton Polarizer Ringndash Asymmetric Antiproton-Proton Collider

bull Experimentndash Conceptual Detector Designndash Preliminary Results for Drell-Yan Studiesndash Rate estimates

Spin Workshop 05 Dubna M Contalbrigo - INFN Ferrara 31

Principle of spin filter methodPrinciple of spin filter method

P beam polarizationQ target polarizationk || beam direction

σtot = σ0 + σmiddotPmiddotQ + σ||middot(Pmiddotk)(Qmiddotk)

transverse case

Q0tot

longitudinal case

Q)( ||0tot

For initially equally populated spin states (m=+frac12) and (m=-frac12)

Unpolarized anti-p beam

Polarized H target

Spin Workshop 05 Dubna M Contalbrigo - INFN Ferrara 32

The HERMES targetThe HERMES target

Atomic Beam SourceNIM A 505 (2003) 633

Pz+ = |1gt + |4gt

Pz- = |2gt + |3gt

mmjj = = ++1212

mmjj = = --1212

mmii=-12=-12

mmii=-12=-12

mmii=+1=+122

mmii=+1=+122

1|1gt|2gt

|3gt|4gt

ee-

pp|1gt

Spin Workshop 05 Dubna M Contalbrigo - INFN Ferrara 33

Performance of Polarized Internal Performance of Polarized Internal TargetsTargets

PT = 0795 0033

HERMES

H Transverse Field (B=297 mT)

HERMES

Dz

Dzz

PT = 0845 plusmn 0028

Longitudinal Field (B=335 mT)

HERMES Stored Positrons PINTEX Stored Protons

H

Fast reorientation in a weak field (xyz)

Targets work very reliably (months of stable operation)

Spin Workshop 05 Dubna M Contalbrigo - INFN Ferrara 34

Exploitation of Spin TransferExploitation of Spin Transfer

PAX will employ spin-filter from internal polarized hydrogen

target to antiprotons

Hydrogen gas target in strong field (300 mT)

F Rathmann et al PRL 71 1379 (1993)

Low energy pp scattering 1lt0 tot+lttot-

Expectation

Target Beam

FILTEX ResultsFILTEX Results

Spin Workshop 05 Dubna M Contalbrigo - INFN Ferrara 35

Puzzle from FILTEX TestPuzzle from FILTEX TestObserved polarization build-up dPdt = plusmn (124 plusmn 006) x 10-2 h-1

Expected build-up P(t)=tanh(tτpol)

1τpol=σ1Qdtf=24x10-2 h-1

about factor 2 larger

σ1 = 122 mb (pp phase shifts)Q = 083 plusmn 003dt = (56 plusmn 03) x 1013cm-2

f = 1177 MHz

Three distinct effects (measured 1=69 mb)

1 Selective removal through scattering beyond Ψacc=44 mrad σR=83 mb

2 Small angle scattering of target protons into ring acceptance σS=52 mb

3 Spin transfer from polarized electrons of the target atoms to the stored protons

σEM=70 mb (-) Horowitz amp Meyer PRL 72 3981 (1994)

HO Meyer PRE 50 1485 (1994)

Spin Workshop 05 Dubna M Contalbrigo - INFN Ferrara 36

01

02

03

04

Beam

Pola

riza

tion

P(2

middotτbeam)

10 T (MeV)100

EM only

5

10

30

20

40

Ψacc=50 mrad

0

1

Filter Test T = 23 MeV Ψacc= 44 mrad

Beam PolarizationBeam Polarization (Electromagnetic Interaction)(Electromagnetic Interaction)

Spin Workshop 05 Dubna M Contalbrigo - INFN Ferrara 37

Beam Polarization Beam Polarization (Hadronic Interaction Longitudinal Case)(Hadronic Interaction Longitudinal Case)

Experimental Tests requiredbullEM effect needs protons only (COSY)bullFinal Design of APR Filter test with p at AD (CERN)

Model D V Mull K Holinde Phys Rev C 51 2360 (1995)

Model A T Hippchen et al Phys Rev C 44 1323 (1991)

50 100 150 200 250 T (MeV) 50 100 150 200 T (MeV)

005

010

015

020

P

005

010

015

020

P

2 beam lifetimesΨacc=10-50 mrad

3 beam lifetimesΨacc=20 mrad

Spin Workshop 05 Dubna M Contalbrigo - INFN Ferrara 38

SMILESMILE SSpin pin MMeasurements easurements

in in IInteractions at nteractions at LLow ow EEnergy nergy

bull Study of spin-filtering process

bull Electromagnetic interaction unpolarized protons on polarized internal target at COSY

bull Hadronic interaction unpolarized antiprotons on polarized internal target at AD (CERN)

From COSY to FAIRhellipFrom COSY to FAIRhellip

Spin Workshop 05 Dubna M Contalbrigo - INFN Ferrara 39

OutlineOutlinebull Introduction

ndash Physics Casendash The FAIR project

bull PAX Accelerator Setupndash Stagingndash Antiproton Polarizer Ringndash Asymmetric Antiproton-Proton Collider

bull Experimentndash Conceptual Detector Designndash Preliminary Results for Drell-Yan Studiesndash Rate estimates

Spin Workshop 05 Dubna M Contalbrigo - INFN Ferrara 40

RINGS SETUP RINGS SETUP

asymmetric collider L = 2∙1030 cm-2s-1

Spin Workshop 05 Dubna M Contalbrigo - INFN Ferrara 41

OutlineOutlinebull Introduction

ndash Physics Casendash The FAIR project

bull PAX Accelerator Setupndash Stagingndash Antiproton Polarizer Ringndash Asymmetric Antiproton-Proton Collider

bull Experimentndash Conceptual Detector Designndash Preliminary Results for Drell-Yan Studiesndash Rate estimates

Spin Workshop 05 Dubna M Contalbrigo - INFN Ferrara 42

PAX Detector Concept PAX Detector Concept

Physics h1 distribution sin2 EMFF sin2

pbar-p elastic high |t|

Magnet Keeps beam polarization vertical Compatible with Cerenkov Compatible with polarized target

Detector Extremely rare DY signal (10-7 p-pbar) Maximum Bjorken-x coverage (M interval) Excellent PID (hadrone rejection ~ 104) High mass resolution (le2 )

Moderate lepton energies (05-5 GeV)

Azimuthally SymmetricBARREL GEOMETRY

LARGE ANGLES

Experiment Flexible Facility

TOROIDNO FRINGE FIELD

e+e-

Spin Workshop 05 Dubna M Contalbrigo - INFN Ferrara 43

PAX Detector Concept PAX Detector Concept

Designed for Collider but compatible with fixed target

Cerenkov(200 m)

(20 m)

GEANT simulation

Spin Workshop 05 Dubna M Contalbrigo - INFN Ferrara 44

OutlineOutlinebull Introduction

ndash Physics Casendash The FAIR project

bull PAX Accelerator Setupndash Stagingndash Antiproton Polarizer Ringndash Asymmetric Antiproton-Proton Collider

bull Experimentndash Conceptual Detector Designndash Preliminary Results for Drell-Yan Studiesndash Rate estimates

Spin Workshop 05 Dubna M Contalbrigo - INFN Ferrara 45

-p Phase Space-p Phase Space

Background peaks at low energy forward direction

acceptance

Spin Workshop 05 Dubna M Contalbrigo - INFN Ferrara 46

Background to Drell-Yan eBackground to Drell-Yan e++ee--

frac12 hour experiment 2∙108 p-pbar interactions several DY events

combinatorial+charm bckg

Background 11 to signal after PID Egt300 MeV conversion veto mass cut the combinatorial component can be subtracted (wrong-sign control sample) the charm can be reduced (vertex decay)

+-++ amp --

Spin Workshop 05 Dubna M Contalbrigo - INFN Ferrara 47

-p Phase Space-p Phase Space

Vertex resolution high enoughto study charm background

Better than 2 mass resol x dependence of h1

resonance vs continuum

Mandatory to study M below Jψ mass

Spin Workshop 05 Dubna M Contalbrigo - INFN Ferrara 48

OutlineOutlinebull Introduction

ndash Physics Casendash The FAIR project

bull PAX Accelerator Setupndash Stagingndash Antiproton Polarizer Ringndash Asymmetric Antiproton-Proton Collider

bull Experimentndash Conceptual Detector Designndash Preliminary Results for Drell-Yan Studiesndash Rate estimates

Spin Workshop 05 Dubna M Contalbrigo - INFN Ferrara 49

10 precision on the h1u (x) in the valence region

1 year of data taking at 15+35 GeV collider L = 2∙1030 cm-2s-1

Precision in hPrecision in h11 measurement measurement

Spin Workshop 05 Dubna M Contalbrigo - INFN Ferrara 50

Summary

bull PAX project has an innovative spin physics program transversity SSA EMFF hard p-pbar scatterings

bull A method to obtain an antiproton beam with high degree of polarization has to be optimized (APR)

bull PAX viable accelerator setup provides fexible 2nd IP really matched to the physics items lots of interesting QCD physics in PAX Phase-I asymmetric collider ideal to map transversity (Phase-II)

Spin Workshop 05 Dubna M Contalbrigo - INFN Ferrara 51

Background to Drell-Yan eBackground to Drell-Yan e++ee--

frac12 hour experiment 2∙108 p-pbar interactions several DY events

combinatorial+charm bckg

Background 11 to signal after PID Egt300 MeV conversion veto mass cut the combinatorial component can be subtracted (wrong-sign control sample) the charm can be reduced (vertex decay)

+-++ amp --

Spin Workshop 05 Dubna M Contalbrigo - INFN Ferrara 52

PAX Integrated Luminosities for Physics PAX Integrated Luminosities for Physics CasesCases

pb-1

fb-1

Inte

gra

ted

Lu

min

osi

ty

EMFF DSA s=376 GeV2

ppbar elastic DSA t=4 GeV2

Phase-I L=151031 cm-2s-1

Antiproton Beam Polarization Ppbar=03 Proton Polarization Pp=08

Phase-II L=21030 cm-2s-1

EMFF DSA s=9 GeV2

Absolute Error ΔDSA=005

h1 DSA Mgt2 GeV Δ=10

h1 DSA Mgt4 GeV Δ=20

(1 y)

(4 y)(1 y)

Spin Workshop 05 Dubna M Contalbrigo - INFN Ferrara 53

q q

q qqqqq

TTTT xqxqxqxqe

xhxhxhxheaA

)()()()(

)()()()(ˆ

dd

dd

21212

211121112

Barone Calarco Drago

Martin Schaumlfer Stratmann Vogelsang

h1 from p-p Drell-Yan at RICHU70

h1q (x Q2) small and with much slower evolution than

Δq(x Q2) and q(x Q2) at small x

h1q (x Q2)- h1q (x Q2)ne

RHIC τ=x1x2~10-3 rarr sea quarks (ATT very small ~ 001 )

3102 RICH energies 22 GeV 100 GeV 200 Ms

  • PAX Polarized Antiproton eXperiments
  • PAX Collaboration
  • Slide 3
  • Outline
  • Slide 5
  • Slide 6
  • Slide 7
  • Slide 8
  • Slide 9
  • Slide 10
  • Slide 11
  • Slide 12
  • Slide 13
  • Slide 14
  • Slide 15
  • Slide 16
  • Slide 17
  • Slide 18
  • pp Elastic Scattering from ZGS
  • Slide 20
  • Proton Electromagnetic Formfactors
  • Slide 22
  • Slide 23
  • Slide 24
  • Slide 25
  • Slide 26
  • PAX Accelerator Setup
  • Slide 28
  • Slide 29
  • Slide 30
  • Slide 31
  • Slide 32
  • Slide 33
  • Slide 34
  • Slide 35
  • Slide 36
  • Slide 37
  • SMILE Spin Measurements in Interactions at Low Energy
  • Slide 39
  • Slide 40
  • Slide 41
  • Slide 42
  • Slide 43
  • Slide 44
  • Slide 45
  • Slide 46
  • Slide 47
  • Slide 48
  • Slide 49
  • Summary
  • Slide 51
  • PAX Integrated Luminosities for Physics Cases
  • Slide 53
Page 28: PAX Polarized Antiproton eXperiments

Spin Workshop 05 Dubna M Contalbrigo - INFN Ferrara 28

Staging Staging Phase I (PAXCSR)Phase I (PAXCSR)

Physics EMFFpbar-p elastic

Experiment polunpol pbar on internal polarized target

Independent from HESR running

Spin Workshop 05 Dubna M Contalbrigo - INFN Ferrara 29

Staging Staging Phase II (PAXHESR)Phase II (PAXHESR)

EXPERIMENT1 Asymmetric collider polarized antiprotons in HESR (p=15 GeVc)

polarized protons in CSR (p=35 GeVc)2 Internal polarized target with 22 GeVc polarized antiproton

beam

Physics Transversity

Second IP with minor interference with PANDA

Spin Workshop 05 Dubna M Contalbrigo - INFN Ferrara 30

OutlineOutlinebull Introduction

ndash Physics Casendash The FAIR project

bull PAX Accelerator Setupndash Stagingndash Antiproton Polarizer Ringndash Asymmetric Antiproton-Proton Collider

bull Experimentndash Conceptual Detector Designndash Preliminary Results for Drell-Yan Studiesndash Rate estimates

Spin Workshop 05 Dubna M Contalbrigo - INFN Ferrara 31

Principle of spin filter methodPrinciple of spin filter method

P beam polarizationQ target polarizationk || beam direction

σtot = σ0 + σmiddotPmiddotQ + σ||middot(Pmiddotk)(Qmiddotk)

transverse case

Q0tot

longitudinal case

Q)( ||0tot

For initially equally populated spin states (m=+frac12) and (m=-frac12)

Unpolarized anti-p beam

Polarized H target

Spin Workshop 05 Dubna M Contalbrigo - INFN Ferrara 32

The HERMES targetThe HERMES target

Atomic Beam SourceNIM A 505 (2003) 633

Pz+ = |1gt + |4gt

Pz- = |2gt + |3gt

mmjj = = ++1212

mmjj = = --1212

mmii=-12=-12

mmii=-12=-12

mmii=+1=+122

mmii=+1=+122

1|1gt|2gt

|3gt|4gt

ee-

pp|1gt

Spin Workshop 05 Dubna M Contalbrigo - INFN Ferrara 33

Performance of Polarized Internal Performance of Polarized Internal TargetsTargets

PT = 0795 0033

HERMES

H Transverse Field (B=297 mT)

HERMES

Dz

Dzz

PT = 0845 plusmn 0028

Longitudinal Field (B=335 mT)

HERMES Stored Positrons PINTEX Stored Protons

H

Fast reorientation in a weak field (xyz)

Targets work very reliably (months of stable operation)

Spin Workshop 05 Dubna M Contalbrigo - INFN Ferrara 34

Exploitation of Spin TransferExploitation of Spin Transfer

PAX will employ spin-filter from internal polarized hydrogen

target to antiprotons

Hydrogen gas target in strong field (300 mT)

F Rathmann et al PRL 71 1379 (1993)

Low energy pp scattering 1lt0 tot+lttot-

Expectation

Target Beam

FILTEX ResultsFILTEX Results

Spin Workshop 05 Dubna M Contalbrigo - INFN Ferrara 35

Puzzle from FILTEX TestPuzzle from FILTEX TestObserved polarization build-up dPdt = plusmn (124 plusmn 006) x 10-2 h-1

Expected build-up P(t)=tanh(tτpol)

1τpol=σ1Qdtf=24x10-2 h-1

about factor 2 larger

σ1 = 122 mb (pp phase shifts)Q = 083 plusmn 003dt = (56 plusmn 03) x 1013cm-2

f = 1177 MHz

Three distinct effects (measured 1=69 mb)

1 Selective removal through scattering beyond Ψacc=44 mrad σR=83 mb

2 Small angle scattering of target protons into ring acceptance σS=52 mb

3 Spin transfer from polarized electrons of the target atoms to the stored protons

σEM=70 mb (-) Horowitz amp Meyer PRL 72 3981 (1994)

HO Meyer PRE 50 1485 (1994)

Spin Workshop 05 Dubna M Contalbrigo - INFN Ferrara 36

01

02

03

04

Beam

Pola

riza

tion

P(2

middotτbeam)

10 T (MeV)100

EM only

5

10

30

20

40

Ψacc=50 mrad

0

1

Filter Test T = 23 MeV Ψacc= 44 mrad

Beam PolarizationBeam Polarization (Electromagnetic Interaction)(Electromagnetic Interaction)

Spin Workshop 05 Dubna M Contalbrigo - INFN Ferrara 37

Beam Polarization Beam Polarization (Hadronic Interaction Longitudinal Case)(Hadronic Interaction Longitudinal Case)

Experimental Tests requiredbullEM effect needs protons only (COSY)bullFinal Design of APR Filter test with p at AD (CERN)

Model D V Mull K Holinde Phys Rev C 51 2360 (1995)

Model A T Hippchen et al Phys Rev C 44 1323 (1991)

50 100 150 200 250 T (MeV) 50 100 150 200 T (MeV)

005

010

015

020

P

005

010

015

020

P

2 beam lifetimesΨacc=10-50 mrad

3 beam lifetimesΨacc=20 mrad

Spin Workshop 05 Dubna M Contalbrigo - INFN Ferrara 38

SMILESMILE SSpin pin MMeasurements easurements

in in IInteractions at nteractions at LLow ow EEnergy nergy

bull Study of spin-filtering process

bull Electromagnetic interaction unpolarized protons on polarized internal target at COSY

bull Hadronic interaction unpolarized antiprotons on polarized internal target at AD (CERN)

From COSY to FAIRhellipFrom COSY to FAIRhellip

Spin Workshop 05 Dubna M Contalbrigo - INFN Ferrara 39

OutlineOutlinebull Introduction

ndash Physics Casendash The FAIR project

bull PAX Accelerator Setupndash Stagingndash Antiproton Polarizer Ringndash Asymmetric Antiproton-Proton Collider

bull Experimentndash Conceptual Detector Designndash Preliminary Results for Drell-Yan Studiesndash Rate estimates

Spin Workshop 05 Dubna M Contalbrigo - INFN Ferrara 40

RINGS SETUP RINGS SETUP

asymmetric collider L = 2∙1030 cm-2s-1

Spin Workshop 05 Dubna M Contalbrigo - INFN Ferrara 41

OutlineOutlinebull Introduction

ndash Physics Casendash The FAIR project

bull PAX Accelerator Setupndash Stagingndash Antiproton Polarizer Ringndash Asymmetric Antiproton-Proton Collider

bull Experimentndash Conceptual Detector Designndash Preliminary Results for Drell-Yan Studiesndash Rate estimates

Spin Workshop 05 Dubna M Contalbrigo - INFN Ferrara 42

PAX Detector Concept PAX Detector Concept

Physics h1 distribution sin2 EMFF sin2

pbar-p elastic high |t|

Magnet Keeps beam polarization vertical Compatible with Cerenkov Compatible with polarized target

Detector Extremely rare DY signal (10-7 p-pbar) Maximum Bjorken-x coverage (M interval) Excellent PID (hadrone rejection ~ 104) High mass resolution (le2 )

Moderate lepton energies (05-5 GeV)

Azimuthally SymmetricBARREL GEOMETRY

LARGE ANGLES

Experiment Flexible Facility

TOROIDNO FRINGE FIELD

e+e-

Spin Workshop 05 Dubna M Contalbrigo - INFN Ferrara 43

PAX Detector Concept PAX Detector Concept

Designed for Collider but compatible with fixed target

Cerenkov(200 m)

(20 m)

GEANT simulation

Spin Workshop 05 Dubna M Contalbrigo - INFN Ferrara 44

OutlineOutlinebull Introduction

ndash Physics Casendash The FAIR project

bull PAX Accelerator Setupndash Stagingndash Antiproton Polarizer Ringndash Asymmetric Antiproton-Proton Collider

bull Experimentndash Conceptual Detector Designndash Preliminary Results for Drell-Yan Studiesndash Rate estimates

Spin Workshop 05 Dubna M Contalbrigo - INFN Ferrara 45

-p Phase Space-p Phase Space

Background peaks at low energy forward direction

acceptance

Spin Workshop 05 Dubna M Contalbrigo - INFN Ferrara 46

Background to Drell-Yan eBackground to Drell-Yan e++ee--

frac12 hour experiment 2∙108 p-pbar interactions several DY events

combinatorial+charm bckg

Background 11 to signal after PID Egt300 MeV conversion veto mass cut the combinatorial component can be subtracted (wrong-sign control sample) the charm can be reduced (vertex decay)

+-++ amp --

Spin Workshop 05 Dubna M Contalbrigo - INFN Ferrara 47

-p Phase Space-p Phase Space

Vertex resolution high enoughto study charm background

Better than 2 mass resol x dependence of h1

resonance vs continuum

Mandatory to study M below Jψ mass

Spin Workshop 05 Dubna M Contalbrigo - INFN Ferrara 48

OutlineOutlinebull Introduction

ndash Physics Casendash The FAIR project

bull PAX Accelerator Setupndash Stagingndash Antiproton Polarizer Ringndash Asymmetric Antiproton-Proton Collider

bull Experimentndash Conceptual Detector Designndash Preliminary Results for Drell-Yan Studiesndash Rate estimates

Spin Workshop 05 Dubna M Contalbrigo - INFN Ferrara 49

10 precision on the h1u (x) in the valence region

1 year of data taking at 15+35 GeV collider L = 2∙1030 cm-2s-1

Precision in hPrecision in h11 measurement measurement

Spin Workshop 05 Dubna M Contalbrigo - INFN Ferrara 50

Summary

bull PAX project has an innovative spin physics program transversity SSA EMFF hard p-pbar scatterings

bull A method to obtain an antiproton beam with high degree of polarization has to be optimized (APR)

bull PAX viable accelerator setup provides fexible 2nd IP really matched to the physics items lots of interesting QCD physics in PAX Phase-I asymmetric collider ideal to map transversity (Phase-II)

Spin Workshop 05 Dubna M Contalbrigo - INFN Ferrara 51

Background to Drell-Yan eBackground to Drell-Yan e++ee--

frac12 hour experiment 2∙108 p-pbar interactions several DY events

combinatorial+charm bckg

Background 11 to signal after PID Egt300 MeV conversion veto mass cut the combinatorial component can be subtracted (wrong-sign control sample) the charm can be reduced (vertex decay)

+-++ amp --

Spin Workshop 05 Dubna M Contalbrigo - INFN Ferrara 52

PAX Integrated Luminosities for Physics PAX Integrated Luminosities for Physics CasesCases

pb-1

fb-1

Inte

gra

ted

Lu

min

osi

ty

EMFF DSA s=376 GeV2

ppbar elastic DSA t=4 GeV2

Phase-I L=151031 cm-2s-1

Antiproton Beam Polarization Ppbar=03 Proton Polarization Pp=08

Phase-II L=21030 cm-2s-1

EMFF DSA s=9 GeV2

Absolute Error ΔDSA=005

h1 DSA Mgt2 GeV Δ=10

h1 DSA Mgt4 GeV Δ=20

(1 y)

(4 y)(1 y)

Spin Workshop 05 Dubna M Contalbrigo - INFN Ferrara 53

q q

q qqqqq

TTTT xqxqxqxqe

xhxhxhxheaA

)()()()(

)()()()(ˆ

dd

dd

21212

211121112

Barone Calarco Drago

Martin Schaumlfer Stratmann Vogelsang

h1 from p-p Drell-Yan at RICHU70

h1q (x Q2) small and with much slower evolution than

Δq(x Q2) and q(x Q2) at small x

h1q (x Q2)- h1q (x Q2)ne

RHIC τ=x1x2~10-3 rarr sea quarks (ATT very small ~ 001 )

3102 RICH energies 22 GeV 100 GeV 200 Ms

  • PAX Polarized Antiproton eXperiments
  • PAX Collaboration
  • Slide 3
  • Outline
  • Slide 5
  • Slide 6
  • Slide 7
  • Slide 8
  • Slide 9
  • Slide 10
  • Slide 11
  • Slide 12
  • Slide 13
  • Slide 14
  • Slide 15
  • Slide 16
  • Slide 17
  • Slide 18
  • pp Elastic Scattering from ZGS
  • Slide 20
  • Proton Electromagnetic Formfactors
  • Slide 22
  • Slide 23
  • Slide 24
  • Slide 25
  • Slide 26
  • PAX Accelerator Setup
  • Slide 28
  • Slide 29
  • Slide 30
  • Slide 31
  • Slide 32
  • Slide 33
  • Slide 34
  • Slide 35
  • Slide 36
  • Slide 37
  • SMILE Spin Measurements in Interactions at Low Energy
  • Slide 39
  • Slide 40
  • Slide 41
  • Slide 42
  • Slide 43
  • Slide 44
  • Slide 45
  • Slide 46
  • Slide 47
  • Slide 48
  • Slide 49
  • Summary
  • Slide 51
  • PAX Integrated Luminosities for Physics Cases
  • Slide 53
Page 29: PAX Polarized Antiproton eXperiments

Spin Workshop 05 Dubna M Contalbrigo - INFN Ferrara 29

Staging Staging Phase II (PAXHESR)Phase II (PAXHESR)

EXPERIMENT1 Asymmetric collider polarized antiprotons in HESR (p=15 GeVc)

polarized protons in CSR (p=35 GeVc)2 Internal polarized target with 22 GeVc polarized antiproton

beam

Physics Transversity

Second IP with minor interference with PANDA

Spin Workshop 05 Dubna M Contalbrigo - INFN Ferrara 30

OutlineOutlinebull Introduction

ndash Physics Casendash The FAIR project

bull PAX Accelerator Setupndash Stagingndash Antiproton Polarizer Ringndash Asymmetric Antiproton-Proton Collider

bull Experimentndash Conceptual Detector Designndash Preliminary Results for Drell-Yan Studiesndash Rate estimates

Spin Workshop 05 Dubna M Contalbrigo - INFN Ferrara 31

Principle of spin filter methodPrinciple of spin filter method

P beam polarizationQ target polarizationk || beam direction

σtot = σ0 + σmiddotPmiddotQ + σ||middot(Pmiddotk)(Qmiddotk)

transverse case

Q0tot

longitudinal case

Q)( ||0tot

For initially equally populated spin states (m=+frac12) and (m=-frac12)

Unpolarized anti-p beam

Polarized H target

Spin Workshop 05 Dubna M Contalbrigo - INFN Ferrara 32

The HERMES targetThe HERMES target

Atomic Beam SourceNIM A 505 (2003) 633

Pz+ = |1gt + |4gt

Pz- = |2gt + |3gt

mmjj = = ++1212

mmjj = = --1212

mmii=-12=-12

mmii=-12=-12

mmii=+1=+122

mmii=+1=+122

1|1gt|2gt

|3gt|4gt

ee-

pp|1gt

Spin Workshop 05 Dubna M Contalbrigo - INFN Ferrara 33

Performance of Polarized Internal Performance of Polarized Internal TargetsTargets

PT = 0795 0033

HERMES

H Transverse Field (B=297 mT)

HERMES

Dz

Dzz

PT = 0845 plusmn 0028

Longitudinal Field (B=335 mT)

HERMES Stored Positrons PINTEX Stored Protons

H

Fast reorientation in a weak field (xyz)

Targets work very reliably (months of stable operation)

Spin Workshop 05 Dubna M Contalbrigo - INFN Ferrara 34

Exploitation of Spin TransferExploitation of Spin Transfer

PAX will employ spin-filter from internal polarized hydrogen

target to antiprotons

Hydrogen gas target in strong field (300 mT)

F Rathmann et al PRL 71 1379 (1993)

Low energy pp scattering 1lt0 tot+lttot-

Expectation

Target Beam

FILTEX ResultsFILTEX Results

Spin Workshop 05 Dubna M Contalbrigo - INFN Ferrara 35

Puzzle from FILTEX TestPuzzle from FILTEX TestObserved polarization build-up dPdt = plusmn (124 plusmn 006) x 10-2 h-1

Expected build-up P(t)=tanh(tτpol)

1τpol=σ1Qdtf=24x10-2 h-1

about factor 2 larger

σ1 = 122 mb (pp phase shifts)Q = 083 plusmn 003dt = (56 plusmn 03) x 1013cm-2

f = 1177 MHz

Three distinct effects (measured 1=69 mb)

1 Selective removal through scattering beyond Ψacc=44 mrad σR=83 mb

2 Small angle scattering of target protons into ring acceptance σS=52 mb

3 Spin transfer from polarized electrons of the target atoms to the stored protons

σEM=70 mb (-) Horowitz amp Meyer PRL 72 3981 (1994)

HO Meyer PRE 50 1485 (1994)

Spin Workshop 05 Dubna M Contalbrigo - INFN Ferrara 36

01

02

03

04

Beam

Pola

riza

tion

P(2

middotτbeam)

10 T (MeV)100

EM only

5

10

30

20

40

Ψacc=50 mrad

0

1

Filter Test T = 23 MeV Ψacc= 44 mrad

Beam PolarizationBeam Polarization (Electromagnetic Interaction)(Electromagnetic Interaction)

Spin Workshop 05 Dubna M Contalbrigo - INFN Ferrara 37

Beam Polarization Beam Polarization (Hadronic Interaction Longitudinal Case)(Hadronic Interaction Longitudinal Case)

Experimental Tests requiredbullEM effect needs protons only (COSY)bullFinal Design of APR Filter test with p at AD (CERN)

Model D V Mull K Holinde Phys Rev C 51 2360 (1995)

Model A T Hippchen et al Phys Rev C 44 1323 (1991)

50 100 150 200 250 T (MeV) 50 100 150 200 T (MeV)

005

010

015

020

P

005

010

015

020

P

2 beam lifetimesΨacc=10-50 mrad

3 beam lifetimesΨacc=20 mrad

Spin Workshop 05 Dubna M Contalbrigo - INFN Ferrara 38

SMILESMILE SSpin pin MMeasurements easurements

in in IInteractions at nteractions at LLow ow EEnergy nergy

bull Study of spin-filtering process

bull Electromagnetic interaction unpolarized protons on polarized internal target at COSY

bull Hadronic interaction unpolarized antiprotons on polarized internal target at AD (CERN)

From COSY to FAIRhellipFrom COSY to FAIRhellip

Spin Workshop 05 Dubna M Contalbrigo - INFN Ferrara 39

OutlineOutlinebull Introduction

ndash Physics Casendash The FAIR project

bull PAX Accelerator Setupndash Stagingndash Antiproton Polarizer Ringndash Asymmetric Antiproton-Proton Collider

bull Experimentndash Conceptual Detector Designndash Preliminary Results for Drell-Yan Studiesndash Rate estimates

Spin Workshop 05 Dubna M Contalbrigo - INFN Ferrara 40

RINGS SETUP RINGS SETUP

asymmetric collider L = 2∙1030 cm-2s-1

Spin Workshop 05 Dubna M Contalbrigo - INFN Ferrara 41

OutlineOutlinebull Introduction

ndash Physics Casendash The FAIR project

bull PAX Accelerator Setupndash Stagingndash Antiproton Polarizer Ringndash Asymmetric Antiproton-Proton Collider

bull Experimentndash Conceptual Detector Designndash Preliminary Results for Drell-Yan Studiesndash Rate estimates

Spin Workshop 05 Dubna M Contalbrigo - INFN Ferrara 42

PAX Detector Concept PAX Detector Concept

Physics h1 distribution sin2 EMFF sin2

pbar-p elastic high |t|

Magnet Keeps beam polarization vertical Compatible with Cerenkov Compatible with polarized target

Detector Extremely rare DY signal (10-7 p-pbar) Maximum Bjorken-x coverage (M interval) Excellent PID (hadrone rejection ~ 104) High mass resolution (le2 )

Moderate lepton energies (05-5 GeV)

Azimuthally SymmetricBARREL GEOMETRY

LARGE ANGLES

Experiment Flexible Facility

TOROIDNO FRINGE FIELD

e+e-

Spin Workshop 05 Dubna M Contalbrigo - INFN Ferrara 43

PAX Detector Concept PAX Detector Concept

Designed for Collider but compatible with fixed target

Cerenkov(200 m)

(20 m)

GEANT simulation

Spin Workshop 05 Dubna M Contalbrigo - INFN Ferrara 44

OutlineOutlinebull Introduction

ndash Physics Casendash The FAIR project

bull PAX Accelerator Setupndash Stagingndash Antiproton Polarizer Ringndash Asymmetric Antiproton-Proton Collider

bull Experimentndash Conceptual Detector Designndash Preliminary Results for Drell-Yan Studiesndash Rate estimates

Spin Workshop 05 Dubna M Contalbrigo - INFN Ferrara 45

-p Phase Space-p Phase Space

Background peaks at low energy forward direction

acceptance

Spin Workshop 05 Dubna M Contalbrigo - INFN Ferrara 46

Background to Drell-Yan eBackground to Drell-Yan e++ee--

frac12 hour experiment 2∙108 p-pbar interactions several DY events

combinatorial+charm bckg

Background 11 to signal after PID Egt300 MeV conversion veto mass cut the combinatorial component can be subtracted (wrong-sign control sample) the charm can be reduced (vertex decay)

+-++ amp --

Spin Workshop 05 Dubna M Contalbrigo - INFN Ferrara 47

-p Phase Space-p Phase Space

Vertex resolution high enoughto study charm background

Better than 2 mass resol x dependence of h1

resonance vs continuum

Mandatory to study M below Jψ mass

Spin Workshop 05 Dubna M Contalbrigo - INFN Ferrara 48

OutlineOutlinebull Introduction

ndash Physics Casendash The FAIR project

bull PAX Accelerator Setupndash Stagingndash Antiproton Polarizer Ringndash Asymmetric Antiproton-Proton Collider

bull Experimentndash Conceptual Detector Designndash Preliminary Results for Drell-Yan Studiesndash Rate estimates

Spin Workshop 05 Dubna M Contalbrigo - INFN Ferrara 49

10 precision on the h1u (x) in the valence region

1 year of data taking at 15+35 GeV collider L = 2∙1030 cm-2s-1

Precision in hPrecision in h11 measurement measurement

Spin Workshop 05 Dubna M Contalbrigo - INFN Ferrara 50

Summary

bull PAX project has an innovative spin physics program transversity SSA EMFF hard p-pbar scatterings

bull A method to obtain an antiproton beam with high degree of polarization has to be optimized (APR)

bull PAX viable accelerator setup provides fexible 2nd IP really matched to the physics items lots of interesting QCD physics in PAX Phase-I asymmetric collider ideal to map transversity (Phase-II)

Spin Workshop 05 Dubna M Contalbrigo - INFN Ferrara 51

Background to Drell-Yan eBackground to Drell-Yan e++ee--

frac12 hour experiment 2∙108 p-pbar interactions several DY events

combinatorial+charm bckg

Background 11 to signal after PID Egt300 MeV conversion veto mass cut the combinatorial component can be subtracted (wrong-sign control sample) the charm can be reduced (vertex decay)

+-++ amp --

Spin Workshop 05 Dubna M Contalbrigo - INFN Ferrara 52

PAX Integrated Luminosities for Physics PAX Integrated Luminosities for Physics CasesCases

pb-1

fb-1

Inte

gra

ted

Lu

min

osi

ty

EMFF DSA s=376 GeV2

ppbar elastic DSA t=4 GeV2

Phase-I L=151031 cm-2s-1

Antiproton Beam Polarization Ppbar=03 Proton Polarization Pp=08

Phase-II L=21030 cm-2s-1

EMFF DSA s=9 GeV2

Absolute Error ΔDSA=005

h1 DSA Mgt2 GeV Δ=10

h1 DSA Mgt4 GeV Δ=20

(1 y)

(4 y)(1 y)

Spin Workshop 05 Dubna M Contalbrigo - INFN Ferrara 53

q q

q qqqqq

TTTT xqxqxqxqe

xhxhxhxheaA

)()()()(

)()()()(ˆ

dd

dd

21212

211121112

Barone Calarco Drago

Martin Schaumlfer Stratmann Vogelsang

h1 from p-p Drell-Yan at RICHU70

h1q (x Q2) small and with much slower evolution than

Δq(x Q2) and q(x Q2) at small x

h1q (x Q2)- h1q (x Q2)ne

RHIC τ=x1x2~10-3 rarr sea quarks (ATT very small ~ 001 )

3102 RICH energies 22 GeV 100 GeV 200 Ms

  • PAX Polarized Antiproton eXperiments
  • PAX Collaboration
  • Slide 3
  • Outline
  • Slide 5
  • Slide 6
  • Slide 7
  • Slide 8
  • Slide 9
  • Slide 10
  • Slide 11
  • Slide 12
  • Slide 13
  • Slide 14
  • Slide 15
  • Slide 16
  • Slide 17
  • Slide 18
  • pp Elastic Scattering from ZGS
  • Slide 20
  • Proton Electromagnetic Formfactors
  • Slide 22
  • Slide 23
  • Slide 24
  • Slide 25
  • Slide 26
  • PAX Accelerator Setup
  • Slide 28
  • Slide 29
  • Slide 30
  • Slide 31
  • Slide 32
  • Slide 33
  • Slide 34
  • Slide 35
  • Slide 36
  • Slide 37
  • SMILE Spin Measurements in Interactions at Low Energy
  • Slide 39
  • Slide 40
  • Slide 41
  • Slide 42
  • Slide 43
  • Slide 44
  • Slide 45
  • Slide 46
  • Slide 47
  • Slide 48
  • Slide 49
  • Summary
  • Slide 51
  • PAX Integrated Luminosities for Physics Cases
  • Slide 53
Page 30: PAX Polarized Antiproton eXperiments

Spin Workshop 05 Dubna M Contalbrigo - INFN Ferrara 30

OutlineOutlinebull Introduction

ndash Physics Casendash The FAIR project

bull PAX Accelerator Setupndash Stagingndash Antiproton Polarizer Ringndash Asymmetric Antiproton-Proton Collider

bull Experimentndash Conceptual Detector Designndash Preliminary Results for Drell-Yan Studiesndash Rate estimates

Spin Workshop 05 Dubna M Contalbrigo - INFN Ferrara 31

Principle of spin filter methodPrinciple of spin filter method

P beam polarizationQ target polarizationk || beam direction

σtot = σ0 + σmiddotPmiddotQ + σ||middot(Pmiddotk)(Qmiddotk)

transverse case

Q0tot

longitudinal case

Q)( ||0tot

For initially equally populated spin states (m=+frac12) and (m=-frac12)

Unpolarized anti-p beam

Polarized H target

Spin Workshop 05 Dubna M Contalbrigo - INFN Ferrara 32

The HERMES targetThe HERMES target

Atomic Beam SourceNIM A 505 (2003) 633

Pz+ = |1gt + |4gt

Pz- = |2gt + |3gt

mmjj = = ++1212

mmjj = = --1212

mmii=-12=-12

mmii=-12=-12

mmii=+1=+122

mmii=+1=+122

1|1gt|2gt

|3gt|4gt

ee-

pp|1gt

Spin Workshop 05 Dubna M Contalbrigo - INFN Ferrara 33

Performance of Polarized Internal Performance of Polarized Internal TargetsTargets

PT = 0795 0033

HERMES

H Transverse Field (B=297 mT)

HERMES

Dz

Dzz

PT = 0845 plusmn 0028

Longitudinal Field (B=335 mT)

HERMES Stored Positrons PINTEX Stored Protons

H

Fast reorientation in a weak field (xyz)

Targets work very reliably (months of stable operation)

Spin Workshop 05 Dubna M Contalbrigo - INFN Ferrara 34

Exploitation of Spin TransferExploitation of Spin Transfer

PAX will employ spin-filter from internal polarized hydrogen

target to antiprotons

Hydrogen gas target in strong field (300 mT)

F Rathmann et al PRL 71 1379 (1993)

Low energy pp scattering 1lt0 tot+lttot-

Expectation

Target Beam

FILTEX ResultsFILTEX Results

Spin Workshop 05 Dubna M Contalbrigo - INFN Ferrara 35

Puzzle from FILTEX TestPuzzle from FILTEX TestObserved polarization build-up dPdt = plusmn (124 plusmn 006) x 10-2 h-1

Expected build-up P(t)=tanh(tτpol)

1τpol=σ1Qdtf=24x10-2 h-1

about factor 2 larger

σ1 = 122 mb (pp phase shifts)Q = 083 plusmn 003dt = (56 plusmn 03) x 1013cm-2

f = 1177 MHz

Three distinct effects (measured 1=69 mb)

1 Selective removal through scattering beyond Ψacc=44 mrad σR=83 mb

2 Small angle scattering of target protons into ring acceptance σS=52 mb

3 Spin transfer from polarized electrons of the target atoms to the stored protons

σEM=70 mb (-) Horowitz amp Meyer PRL 72 3981 (1994)

HO Meyer PRE 50 1485 (1994)

Spin Workshop 05 Dubna M Contalbrigo - INFN Ferrara 36

01

02

03

04

Beam

Pola

riza

tion

P(2

middotτbeam)

10 T (MeV)100

EM only

5

10

30

20

40

Ψacc=50 mrad

0

1

Filter Test T = 23 MeV Ψacc= 44 mrad

Beam PolarizationBeam Polarization (Electromagnetic Interaction)(Electromagnetic Interaction)

Spin Workshop 05 Dubna M Contalbrigo - INFN Ferrara 37

Beam Polarization Beam Polarization (Hadronic Interaction Longitudinal Case)(Hadronic Interaction Longitudinal Case)

Experimental Tests requiredbullEM effect needs protons only (COSY)bullFinal Design of APR Filter test with p at AD (CERN)

Model D V Mull K Holinde Phys Rev C 51 2360 (1995)

Model A T Hippchen et al Phys Rev C 44 1323 (1991)

50 100 150 200 250 T (MeV) 50 100 150 200 T (MeV)

005

010

015

020

P

005

010

015

020

P

2 beam lifetimesΨacc=10-50 mrad

3 beam lifetimesΨacc=20 mrad

Spin Workshop 05 Dubna M Contalbrigo - INFN Ferrara 38

SMILESMILE SSpin pin MMeasurements easurements

in in IInteractions at nteractions at LLow ow EEnergy nergy

bull Study of spin-filtering process

bull Electromagnetic interaction unpolarized protons on polarized internal target at COSY

bull Hadronic interaction unpolarized antiprotons on polarized internal target at AD (CERN)

From COSY to FAIRhellipFrom COSY to FAIRhellip

Spin Workshop 05 Dubna M Contalbrigo - INFN Ferrara 39

OutlineOutlinebull Introduction

ndash Physics Casendash The FAIR project

bull PAX Accelerator Setupndash Stagingndash Antiproton Polarizer Ringndash Asymmetric Antiproton-Proton Collider

bull Experimentndash Conceptual Detector Designndash Preliminary Results for Drell-Yan Studiesndash Rate estimates

Spin Workshop 05 Dubna M Contalbrigo - INFN Ferrara 40

RINGS SETUP RINGS SETUP

asymmetric collider L = 2∙1030 cm-2s-1

Spin Workshop 05 Dubna M Contalbrigo - INFN Ferrara 41

OutlineOutlinebull Introduction

ndash Physics Casendash The FAIR project

bull PAX Accelerator Setupndash Stagingndash Antiproton Polarizer Ringndash Asymmetric Antiproton-Proton Collider

bull Experimentndash Conceptual Detector Designndash Preliminary Results for Drell-Yan Studiesndash Rate estimates

Spin Workshop 05 Dubna M Contalbrigo - INFN Ferrara 42

PAX Detector Concept PAX Detector Concept

Physics h1 distribution sin2 EMFF sin2

pbar-p elastic high |t|

Magnet Keeps beam polarization vertical Compatible with Cerenkov Compatible with polarized target

Detector Extremely rare DY signal (10-7 p-pbar) Maximum Bjorken-x coverage (M interval) Excellent PID (hadrone rejection ~ 104) High mass resolution (le2 )

Moderate lepton energies (05-5 GeV)

Azimuthally SymmetricBARREL GEOMETRY

LARGE ANGLES

Experiment Flexible Facility

TOROIDNO FRINGE FIELD

e+e-

Spin Workshop 05 Dubna M Contalbrigo - INFN Ferrara 43

PAX Detector Concept PAX Detector Concept

Designed for Collider but compatible with fixed target

Cerenkov(200 m)

(20 m)

GEANT simulation

Spin Workshop 05 Dubna M Contalbrigo - INFN Ferrara 44

OutlineOutlinebull Introduction

ndash Physics Casendash The FAIR project

bull PAX Accelerator Setupndash Stagingndash Antiproton Polarizer Ringndash Asymmetric Antiproton-Proton Collider

bull Experimentndash Conceptual Detector Designndash Preliminary Results for Drell-Yan Studiesndash Rate estimates

Spin Workshop 05 Dubna M Contalbrigo - INFN Ferrara 45

-p Phase Space-p Phase Space

Background peaks at low energy forward direction

acceptance

Spin Workshop 05 Dubna M Contalbrigo - INFN Ferrara 46

Background to Drell-Yan eBackground to Drell-Yan e++ee--

frac12 hour experiment 2∙108 p-pbar interactions several DY events

combinatorial+charm bckg

Background 11 to signal after PID Egt300 MeV conversion veto mass cut the combinatorial component can be subtracted (wrong-sign control sample) the charm can be reduced (vertex decay)

+-++ amp --

Spin Workshop 05 Dubna M Contalbrigo - INFN Ferrara 47

-p Phase Space-p Phase Space

Vertex resolution high enoughto study charm background

Better than 2 mass resol x dependence of h1

resonance vs continuum

Mandatory to study M below Jψ mass

Spin Workshop 05 Dubna M Contalbrigo - INFN Ferrara 48

OutlineOutlinebull Introduction

ndash Physics Casendash The FAIR project

bull PAX Accelerator Setupndash Stagingndash Antiproton Polarizer Ringndash Asymmetric Antiproton-Proton Collider

bull Experimentndash Conceptual Detector Designndash Preliminary Results for Drell-Yan Studiesndash Rate estimates

Spin Workshop 05 Dubna M Contalbrigo - INFN Ferrara 49

10 precision on the h1u (x) in the valence region

1 year of data taking at 15+35 GeV collider L = 2∙1030 cm-2s-1

Precision in hPrecision in h11 measurement measurement

Spin Workshop 05 Dubna M Contalbrigo - INFN Ferrara 50

Summary

bull PAX project has an innovative spin physics program transversity SSA EMFF hard p-pbar scatterings

bull A method to obtain an antiproton beam with high degree of polarization has to be optimized (APR)

bull PAX viable accelerator setup provides fexible 2nd IP really matched to the physics items lots of interesting QCD physics in PAX Phase-I asymmetric collider ideal to map transversity (Phase-II)

Spin Workshop 05 Dubna M Contalbrigo - INFN Ferrara 51

Background to Drell-Yan eBackground to Drell-Yan e++ee--

frac12 hour experiment 2∙108 p-pbar interactions several DY events

combinatorial+charm bckg

Background 11 to signal after PID Egt300 MeV conversion veto mass cut the combinatorial component can be subtracted (wrong-sign control sample) the charm can be reduced (vertex decay)

+-++ amp --

Spin Workshop 05 Dubna M Contalbrigo - INFN Ferrara 52

PAX Integrated Luminosities for Physics PAX Integrated Luminosities for Physics CasesCases

pb-1

fb-1

Inte

gra

ted

Lu

min

osi

ty

EMFF DSA s=376 GeV2

ppbar elastic DSA t=4 GeV2

Phase-I L=151031 cm-2s-1

Antiproton Beam Polarization Ppbar=03 Proton Polarization Pp=08

Phase-II L=21030 cm-2s-1

EMFF DSA s=9 GeV2

Absolute Error ΔDSA=005

h1 DSA Mgt2 GeV Δ=10

h1 DSA Mgt4 GeV Δ=20

(1 y)

(4 y)(1 y)

Spin Workshop 05 Dubna M Contalbrigo - INFN Ferrara 53

q q

q qqqqq

TTTT xqxqxqxqe

xhxhxhxheaA

)()()()(

)()()()(ˆ

dd

dd

21212

211121112

Barone Calarco Drago

Martin Schaumlfer Stratmann Vogelsang

h1 from p-p Drell-Yan at RICHU70

h1q (x Q2) small and with much slower evolution than

Δq(x Q2) and q(x Q2) at small x

h1q (x Q2)- h1q (x Q2)ne

RHIC τ=x1x2~10-3 rarr sea quarks (ATT very small ~ 001 )

3102 RICH energies 22 GeV 100 GeV 200 Ms

  • PAX Polarized Antiproton eXperiments
  • PAX Collaboration
  • Slide 3
  • Outline
  • Slide 5
  • Slide 6
  • Slide 7
  • Slide 8
  • Slide 9
  • Slide 10
  • Slide 11
  • Slide 12
  • Slide 13
  • Slide 14
  • Slide 15
  • Slide 16
  • Slide 17
  • Slide 18
  • pp Elastic Scattering from ZGS
  • Slide 20
  • Proton Electromagnetic Formfactors
  • Slide 22
  • Slide 23
  • Slide 24
  • Slide 25
  • Slide 26
  • PAX Accelerator Setup
  • Slide 28
  • Slide 29
  • Slide 30
  • Slide 31
  • Slide 32
  • Slide 33
  • Slide 34
  • Slide 35
  • Slide 36
  • Slide 37
  • SMILE Spin Measurements in Interactions at Low Energy
  • Slide 39
  • Slide 40
  • Slide 41
  • Slide 42
  • Slide 43
  • Slide 44
  • Slide 45
  • Slide 46
  • Slide 47
  • Slide 48
  • Slide 49
  • Summary
  • Slide 51
  • PAX Integrated Luminosities for Physics Cases
  • Slide 53
Page 31: PAX Polarized Antiproton eXperiments

Spin Workshop 05 Dubna M Contalbrigo - INFN Ferrara 31

Principle of spin filter methodPrinciple of spin filter method

P beam polarizationQ target polarizationk || beam direction

σtot = σ0 + σmiddotPmiddotQ + σ||middot(Pmiddotk)(Qmiddotk)

transverse case

Q0tot

longitudinal case

Q)( ||0tot

For initially equally populated spin states (m=+frac12) and (m=-frac12)

Unpolarized anti-p beam

Polarized H target

Spin Workshop 05 Dubna M Contalbrigo - INFN Ferrara 32

The HERMES targetThe HERMES target

Atomic Beam SourceNIM A 505 (2003) 633

Pz+ = |1gt + |4gt

Pz- = |2gt + |3gt

mmjj = = ++1212

mmjj = = --1212

mmii=-12=-12

mmii=-12=-12

mmii=+1=+122

mmii=+1=+122

1|1gt|2gt

|3gt|4gt

ee-

pp|1gt

Spin Workshop 05 Dubna M Contalbrigo - INFN Ferrara 33

Performance of Polarized Internal Performance of Polarized Internal TargetsTargets

PT = 0795 0033

HERMES

H Transverse Field (B=297 mT)

HERMES

Dz

Dzz

PT = 0845 plusmn 0028

Longitudinal Field (B=335 mT)

HERMES Stored Positrons PINTEX Stored Protons

H

Fast reorientation in a weak field (xyz)

Targets work very reliably (months of stable operation)

Spin Workshop 05 Dubna M Contalbrigo - INFN Ferrara 34

Exploitation of Spin TransferExploitation of Spin Transfer

PAX will employ spin-filter from internal polarized hydrogen

target to antiprotons

Hydrogen gas target in strong field (300 mT)

F Rathmann et al PRL 71 1379 (1993)

Low energy pp scattering 1lt0 tot+lttot-

Expectation

Target Beam

FILTEX ResultsFILTEX Results

Spin Workshop 05 Dubna M Contalbrigo - INFN Ferrara 35

Puzzle from FILTEX TestPuzzle from FILTEX TestObserved polarization build-up dPdt = plusmn (124 plusmn 006) x 10-2 h-1

Expected build-up P(t)=tanh(tτpol)

1τpol=σ1Qdtf=24x10-2 h-1

about factor 2 larger

σ1 = 122 mb (pp phase shifts)Q = 083 plusmn 003dt = (56 plusmn 03) x 1013cm-2

f = 1177 MHz

Three distinct effects (measured 1=69 mb)

1 Selective removal through scattering beyond Ψacc=44 mrad σR=83 mb

2 Small angle scattering of target protons into ring acceptance σS=52 mb

3 Spin transfer from polarized electrons of the target atoms to the stored protons

σEM=70 mb (-) Horowitz amp Meyer PRL 72 3981 (1994)

HO Meyer PRE 50 1485 (1994)

Spin Workshop 05 Dubna M Contalbrigo - INFN Ferrara 36

01

02

03

04

Beam

Pola

riza

tion

P(2

middotτbeam)

10 T (MeV)100

EM only

5

10

30

20

40

Ψacc=50 mrad

0

1

Filter Test T = 23 MeV Ψacc= 44 mrad

Beam PolarizationBeam Polarization (Electromagnetic Interaction)(Electromagnetic Interaction)

Spin Workshop 05 Dubna M Contalbrigo - INFN Ferrara 37

Beam Polarization Beam Polarization (Hadronic Interaction Longitudinal Case)(Hadronic Interaction Longitudinal Case)

Experimental Tests requiredbullEM effect needs protons only (COSY)bullFinal Design of APR Filter test with p at AD (CERN)

Model D V Mull K Holinde Phys Rev C 51 2360 (1995)

Model A T Hippchen et al Phys Rev C 44 1323 (1991)

50 100 150 200 250 T (MeV) 50 100 150 200 T (MeV)

005

010

015

020

P

005

010

015

020

P

2 beam lifetimesΨacc=10-50 mrad

3 beam lifetimesΨacc=20 mrad

Spin Workshop 05 Dubna M Contalbrigo - INFN Ferrara 38

SMILESMILE SSpin pin MMeasurements easurements

in in IInteractions at nteractions at LLow ow EEnergy nergy

bull Study of spin-filtering process

bull Electromagnetic interaction unpolarized protons on polarized internal target at COSY

bull Hadronic interaction unpolarized antiprotons on polarized internal target at AD (CERN)

From COSY to FAIRhellipFrom COSY to FAIRhellip

Spin Workshop 05 Dubna M Contalbrigo - INFN Ferrara 39

OutlineOutlinebull Introduction

ndash Physics Casendash The FAIR project

bull PAX Accelerator Setupndash Stagingndash Antiproton Polarizer Ringndash Asymmetric Antiproton-Proton Collider

bull Experimentndash Conceptual Detector Designndash Preliminary Results for Drell-Yan Studiesndash Rate estimates

Spin Workshop 05 Dubna M Contalbrigo - INFN Ferrara 40

RINGS SETUP RINGS SETUP

asymmetric collider L = 2∙1030 cm-2s-1

Spin Workshop 05 Dubna M Contalbrigo - INFN Ferrara 41

OutlineOutlinebull Introduction

ndash Physics Casendash The FAIR project

bull PAX Accelerator Setupndash Stagingndash Antiproton Polarizer Ringndash Asymmetric Antiproton-Proton Collider

bull Experimentndash Conceptual Detector Designndash Preliminary Results for Drell-Yan Studiesndash Rate estimates

Spin Workshop 05 Dubna M Contalbrigo - INFN Ferrara 42

PAX Detector Concept PAX Detector Concept

Physics h1 distribution sin2 EMFF sin2

pbar-p elastic high |t|

Magnet Keeps beam polarization vertical Compatible with Cerenkov Compatible with polarized target

Detector Extremely rare DY signal (10-7 p-pbar) Maximum Bjorken-x coverage (M interval) Excellent PID (hadrone rejection ~ 104) High mass resolution (le2 )

Moderate lepton energies (05-5 GeV)

Azimuthally SymmetricBARREL GEOMETRY

LARGE ANGLES

Experiment Flexible Facility

TOROIDNO FRINGE FIELD

e+e-

Spin Workshop 05 Dubna M Contalbrigo - INFN Ferrara 43

PAX Detector Concept PAX Detector Concept

Designed for Collider but compatible with fixed target

Cerenkov(200 m)

(20 m)

GEANT simulation

Spin Workshop 05 Dubna M Contalbrigo - INFN Ferrara 44

OutlineOutlinebull Introduction

ndash Physics Casendash The FAIR project

bull PAX Accelerator Setupndash Stagingndash Antiproton Polarizer Ringndash Asymmetric Antiproton-Proton Collider

bull Experimentndash Conceptual Detector Designndash Preliminary Results for Drell-Yan Studiesndash Rate estimates

Spin Workshop 05 Dubna M Contalbrigo - INFN Ferrara 45

-p Phase Space-p Phase Space

Background peaks at low energy forward direction

acceptance

Spin Workshop 05 Dubna M Contalbrigo - INFN Ferrara 46

Background to Drell-Yan eBackground to Drell-Yan e++ee--

frac12 hour experiment 2∙108 p-pbar interactions several DY events

combinatorial+charm bckg

Background 11 to signal after PID Egt300 MeV conversion veto mass cut the combinatorial component can be subtracted (wrong-sign control sample) the charm can be reduced (vertex decay)

+-++ amp --

Spin Workshop 05 Dubna M Contalbrigo - INFN Ferrara 47

-p Phase Space-p Phase Space

Vertex resolution high enoughto study charm background

Better than 2 mass resol x dependence of h1

resonance vs continuum

Mandatory to study M below Jψ mass

Spin Workshop 05 Dubna M Contalbrigo - INFN Ferrara 48

OutlineOutlinebull Introduction

ndash Physics Casendash The FAIR project

bull PAX Accelerator Setupndash Stagingndash Antiproton Polarizer Ringndash Asymmetric Antiproton-Proton Collider

bull Experimentndash Conceptual Detector Designndash Preliminary Results for Drell-Yan Studiesndash Rate estimates

Spin Workshop 05 Dubna M Contalbrigo - INFN Ferrara 49

10 precision on the h1u (x) in the valence region

1 year of data taking at 15+35 GeV collider L = 2∙1030 cm-2s-1

Precision in hPrecision in h11 measurement measurement

Spin Workshop 05 Dubna M Contalbrigo - INFN Ferrara 50

Summary

bull PAX project has an innovative spin physics program transversity SSA EMFF hard p-pbar scatterings

bull A method to obtain an antiproton beam with high degree of polarization has to be optimized (APR)

bull PAX viable accelerator setup provides fexible 2nd IP really matched to the physics items lots of interesting QCD physics in PAX Phase-I asymmetric collider ideal to map transversity (Phase-II)

Spin Workshop 05 Dubna M Contalbrigo - INFN Ferrara 51

Background to Drell-Yan eBackground to Drell-Yan e++ee--

frac12 hour experiment 2∙108 p-pbar interactions several DY events

combinatorial+charm bckg

Background 11 to signal after PID Egt300 MeV conversion veto mass cut the combinatorial component can be subtracted (wrong-sign control sample) the charm can be reduced (vertex decay)

+-++ amp --

Spin Workshop 05 Dubna M Contalbrigo - INFN Ferrara 52

PAX Integrated Luminosities for Physics PAX Integrated Luminosities for Physics CasesCases

pb-1

fb-1

Inte

gra

ted

Lu

min

osi

ty

EMFF DSA s=376 GeV2

ppbar elastic DSA t=4 GeV2

Phase-I L=151031 cm-2s-1

Antiproton Beam Polarization Ppbar=03 Proton Polarization Pp=08

Phase-II L=21030 cm-2s-1

EMFF DSA s=9 GeV2

Absolute Error ΔDSA=005

h1 DSA Mgt2 GeV Δ=10

h1 DSA Mgt4 GeV Δ=20

(1 y)

(4 y)(1 y)

Spin Workshop 05 Dubna M Contalbrigo - INFN Ferrara 53

q q

q qqqqq

TTTT xqxqxqxqe

xhxhxhxheaA

)()()()(

)()()()(ˆ

dd

dd

21212

211121112

Barone Calarco Drago

Martin Schaumlfer Stratmann Vogelsang

h1 from p-p Drell-Yan at RICHU70

h1q (x Q2) small and with much slower evolution than

Δq(x Q2) and q(x Q2) at small x

h1q (x Q2)- h1q (x Q2)ne

RHIC τ=x1x2~10-3 rarr sea quarks (ATT very small ~ 001 )

3102 RICH energies 22 GeV 100 GeV 200 Ms

  • PAX Polarized Antiproton eXperiments
  • PAX Collaboration
  • Slide 3
  • Outline
  • Slide 5
  • Slide 6
  • Slide 7
  • Slide 8
  • Slide 9
  • Slide 10
  • Slide 11
  • Slide 12
  • Slide 13
  • Slide 14
  • Slide 15
  • Slide 16
  • Slide 17
  • Slide 18
  • pp Elastic Scattering from ZGS
  • Slide 20
  • Proton Electromagnetic Formfactors
  • Slide 22
  • Slide 23
  • Slide 24
  • Slide 25
  • Slide 26
  • PAX Accelerator Setup
  • Slide 28
  • Slide 29
  • Slide 30
  • Slide 31
  • Slide 32
  • Slide 33
  • Slide 34
  • Slide 35
  • Slide 36
  • Slide 37
  • SMILE Spin Measurements in Interactions at Low Energy
  • Slide 39
  • Slide 40
  • Slide 41
  • Slide 42
  • Slide 43
  • Slide 44
  • Slide 45
  • Slide 46
  • Slide 47
  • Slide 48
  • Slide 49
  • Summary
  • Slide 51
  • PAX Integrated Luminosities for Physics Cases
  • Slide 53
Page 32: PAX Polarized Antiproton eXperiments

Spin Workshop 05 Dubna M Contalbrigo - INFN Ferrara 32

The HERMES targetThe HERMES target

Atomic Beam SourceNIM A 505 (2003) 633

Pz+ = |1gt + |4gt

Pz- = |2gt + |3gt

mmjj = = ++1212

mmjj = = --1212

mmii=-12=-12

mmii=-12=-12

mmii=+1=+122

mmii=+1=+122

1|1gt|2gt

|3gt|4gt

ee-

pp|1gt

Spin Workshop 05 Dubna M Contalbrigo - INFN Ferrara 33

Performance of Polarized Internal Performance of Polarized Internal TargetsTargets

PT = 0795 0033

HERMES

H Transverse Field (B=297 mT)

HERMES

Dz

Dzz

PT = 0845 plusmn 0028

Longitudinal Field (B=335 mT)

HERMES Stored Positrons PINTEX Stored Protons

H

Fast reorientation in a weak field (xyz)

Targets work very reliably (months of stable operation)

Spin Workshop 05 Dubna M Contalbrigo - INFN Ferrara 34

Exploitation of Spin TransferExploitation of Spin Transfer

PAX will employ spin-filter from internal polarized hydrogen

target to antiprotons

Hydrogen gas target in strong field (300 mT)

F Rathmann et al PRL 71 1379 (1993)

Low energy pp scattering 1lt0 tot+lttot-

Expectation

Target Beam

FILTEX ResultsFILTEX Results

Spin Workshop 05 Dubna M Contalbrigo - INFN Ferrara 35

Puzzle from FILTEX TestPuzzle from FILTEX TestObserved polarization build-up dPdt = plusmn (124 plusmn 006) x 10-2 h-1

Expected build-up P(t)=tanh(tτpol)

1τpol=σ1Qdtf=24x10-2 h-1

about factor 2 larger

σ1 = 122 mb (pp phase shifts)Q = 083 plusmn 003dt = (56 plusmn 03) x 1013cm-2

f = 1177 MHz

Three distinct effects (measured 1=69 mb)

1 Selective removal through scattering beyond Ψacc=44 mrad σR=83 mb

2 Small angle scattering of target protons into ring acceptance σS=52 mb

3 Spin transfer from polarized electrons of the target atoms to the stored protons

σEM=70 mb (-) Horowitz amp Meyer PRL 72 3981 (1994)

HO Meyer PRE 50 1485 (1994)

Spin Workshop 05 Dubna M Contalbrigo - INFN Ferrara 36

01

02

03

04

Beam

Pola

riza

tion

P(2

middotτbeam)

10 T (MeV)100

EM only

5

10

30

20

40

Ψacc=50 mrad

0

1

Filter Test T = 23 MeV Ψacc= 44 mrad

Beam PolarizationBeam Polarization (Electromagnetic Interaction)(Electromagnetic Interaction)

Spin Workshop 05 Dubna M Contalbrigo - INFN Ferrara 37

Beam Polarization Beam Polarization (Hadronic Interaction Longitudinal Case)(Hadronic Interaction Longitudinal Case)

Experimental Tests requiredbullEM effect needs protons only (COSY)bullFinal Design of APR Filter test with p at AD (CERN)

Model D V Mull K Holinde Phys Rev C 51 2360 (1995)

Model A T Hippchen et al Phys Rev C 44 1323 (1991)

50 100 150 200 250 T (MeV) 50 100 150 200 T (MeV)

005

010

015

020

P

005

010

015

020

P

2 beam lifetimesΨacc=10-50 mrad

3 beam lifetimesΨacc=20 mrad

Spin Workshop 05 Dubna M Contalbrigo - INFN Ferrara 38

SMILESMILE SSpin pin MMeasurements easurements

in in IInteractions at nteractions at LLow ow EEnergy nergy

bull Study of spin-filtering process

bull Electromagnetic interaction unpolarized protons on polarized internal target at COSY

bull Hadronic interaction unpolarized antiprotons on polarized internal target at AD (CERN)

From COSY to FAIRhellipFrom COSY to FAIRhellip

Spin Workshop 05 Dubna M Contalbrigo - INFN Ferrara 39

OutlineOutlinebull Introduction

ndash Physics Casendash The FAIR project

bull PAX Accelerator Setupndash Stagingndash Antiproton Polarizer Ringndash Asymmetric Antiproton-Proton Collider

bull Experimentndash Conceptual Detector Designndash Preliminary Results for Drell-Yan Studiesndash Rate estimates

Spin Workshop 05 Dubna M Contalbrigo - INFN Ferrara 40

RINGS SETUP RINGS SETUP

asymmetric collider L = 2∙1030 cm-2s-1

Spin Workshop 05 Dubna M Contalbrigo - INFN Ferrara 41

OutlineOutlinebull Introduction

ndash Physics Casendash The FAIR project

bull PAX Accelerator Setupndash Stagingndash Antiproton Polarizer Ringndash Asymmetric Antiproton-Proton Collider

bull Experimentndash Conceptual Detector Designndash Preliminary Results for Drell-Yan Studiesndash Rate estimates

Spin Workshop 05 Dubna M Contalbrigo - INFN Ferrara 42

PAX Detector Concept PAX Detector Concept

Physics h1 distribution sin2 EMFF sin2

pbar-p elastic high |t|

Magnet Keeps beam polarization vertical Compatible with Cerenkov Compatible with polarized target

Detector Extremely rare DY signal (10-7 p-pbar) Maximum Bjorken-x coverage (M interval) Excellent PID (hadrone rejection ~ 104) High mass resolution (le2 )

Moderate lepton energies (05-5 GeV)

Azimuthally SymmetricBARREL GEOMETRY

LARGE ANGLES

Experiment Flexible Facility

TOROIDNO FRINGE FIELD

e+e-

Spin Workshop 05 Dubna M Contalbrigo - INFN Ferrara 43

PAX Detector Concept PAX Detector Concept

Designed for Collider but compatible with fixed target

Cerenkov(200 m)

(20 m)

GEANT simulation

Spin Workshop 05 Dubna M Contalbrigo - INFN Ferrara 44

OutlineOutlinebull Introduction

ndash Physics Casendash The FAIR project

bull PAX Accelerator Setupndash Stagingndash Antiproton Polarizer Ringndash Asymmetric Antiproton-Proton Collider

bull Experimentndash Conceptual Detector Designndash Preliminary Results for Drell-Yan Studiesndash Rate estimates

Spin Workshop 05 Dubna M Contalbrigo - INFN Ferrara 45

-p Phase Space-p Phase Space

Background peaks at low energy forward direction

acceptance

Spin Workshop 05 Dubna M Contalbrigo - INFN Ferrara 46

Background to Drell-Yan eBackground to Drell-Yan e++ee--

frac12 hour experiment 2∙108 p-pbar interactions several DY events

combinatorial+charm bckg

Background 11 to signal after PID Egt300 MeV conversion veto mass cut the combinatorial component can be subtracted (wrong-sign control sample) the charm can be reduced (vertex decay)

+-++ amp --

Spin Workshop 05 Dubna M Contalbrigo - INFN Ferrara 47

-p Phase Space-p Phase Space

Vertex resolution high enoughto study charm background

Better than 2 mass resol x dependence of h1

resonance vs continuum

Mandatory to study M below Jψ mass

Spin Workshop 05 Dubna M Contalbrigo - INFN Ferrara 48

OutlineOutlinebull Introduction

ndash Physics Casendash The FAIR project

bull PAX Accelerator Setupndash Stagingndash Antiproton Polarizer Ringndash Asymmetric Antiproton-Proton Collider

bull Experimentndash Conceptual Detector Designndash Preliminary Results for Drell-Yan Studiesndash Rate estimates

Spin Workshop 05 Dubna M Contalbrigo - INFN Ferrara 49

10 precision on the h1u (x) in the valence region

1 year of data taking at 15+35 GeV collider L = 2∙1030 cm-2s-1

Precision in hPrecision in h11 measurement measurement

Spin Workshop 05 Dubna M Contalbrigo - INFN Ferrara 50

Summary

bull PAX project has an innovative spin physics program transversity SSA EMFF hard p-pbar scatterings

bull A method to obtain an antiproton beam with high degree of polarization has to be optimized (APR)

bull PAX viable accelerator setup provides fexible 2nd IP really matched to the physics items lots of interesting QCD physics in PAX Phase-I asymmetric collider ideal to map transversity (Phase-II)

Spin Workshop 05 Dubna M Contalbrigo - INFN Ferrara 51

Background to Drell-Yan eBackground to Drell-Yan e++ee--

frac12 hour experiment 2∙108 p-pbar interactions several DY events

combinatorial+charm bckg

Background 11 to signal after PID Egt300 MeV conversion veto mass cut the combinatorial component can be subtracted (wrong-sign control sample) the charm can be reduced (vertex decay)

+-++ amp --

Spin Workshop 05 Dubna M Contalbrigo - INFN Ferrara 52

PAX Integrated Luminosities for Physics PAX Integrated Luminosities for Physics CasesCases

pb-1

fb-1

Inte

gra

ted

Lu

min

osi

ty

EMFF DSA s=376 GeV2

ppbar elastic DSA t=4 GeV2

Phase-I L=151031 cm-2s-1

Antiproton Beam Polarization Ppbar=03 Proton Polarization Pp=08

Phase-II L=21030 cm-2s-1

EMFF DSA s=9 GeV2

Absolute Error ΔDSA=005

h1 DSA Mgt2 GeV Δ=10

h1 DSA Mgt4 GeV Δ=20

(1 y)

(4 y)(1 y)

Spin Workshop 05 Dubna M Contalbrigo - INFN Ferrara 53

q q

q qqqqq

TTTT xqxqxqxqe

xhxhxhxheaA

)()()()(

)()()()(ˆ

dd

dd

21212

211121112

Barone Calarco Drago

Martin Schaumlfer Stratmann Vogelsang

h1 from p-p Drell-Yan at RICHU70

h1q (x Q2) small and with much slower evolution than

Δq(x Q2) and q(x Q2) at small x

h1q (x Q2)- h1q (x Q2)ne

RHIC τ=x1x2~10-3 rarr sea quarks (ATT very small ~ 001 )

3102 RICH energies 22 GeV 100 GeV 200 Ms

  • PAX Polarized Antiproton eXperiments
  • PAX Collaboration
  • Slide 3
  • Outline
  • Slide 5
  • Slide 6
  • Slide 7
  • Slide 8
  • Slide 9
  • Slide 10
  • Slide 11
  • Slide 12
  • Slide 13
  • Slide 14
  • Slide 15
  • Slide 16
  • Slide 17
  • Slide 18
  • pp Elastic Scattering from ZGS
  • Slide 20
  • Proton Electromagnetic Formfactors
  • Slide 22
  • Slide 23
  • Slide 24
  • Slide 25
  • Slide 26
  • PAX Accelerator Setup
  • Slide 28
  • Slide 29
  • Slide 30
  • Slide 31
  • Slide 32
  • Slide 33
  • Slide 34
  • Slide 35
  • Slide 36
  • Slide 37
  • SMILE Spin Measurements in Interactions at Low Energy
  • Slide 39
  • Slide 40
  • Slide 41
  • Slide 42
  • Slide 43
  • Slide 44
  • Slide 45
  • Slide 46
  • Slide 47
  • Slide 48
  • Slide 49
  • Summary
  • Slide 51
  • PAX Integrated Luminosities for Physics Cases
  • Slide 53
Page 33: PAX Polarized Antiproton eXperiments

Spin Workshop 05 Dubna M Contalbrigo - INFN Ferrara 33

Performance of Polarized Internal Performance of Polarized Internal TargetsTargets

PT = 0795 0033

HERMES

H Transverse Field (B=297 mT)

HERMES

Dz

Dzz

PT = 0845 plusmn 0028

Longitudinal Field (B=335 mT)

HERMES Stored Positrons PINTEX Stored Protons

H

Fast reorientation in a weak field (xyz)

Targets work very reliably (months of stable operation)

Spin Workshop 05 Dubna M Contalbrigo - INFN Ferrara 34

Exploitation of Spin TransferExploitation of Spin Transfer

PAX will employ spin-filter from internal polarized hydrogen

target to antiprotons

Hydrogen gas target in strong field (300 mT)

F Rathmann et al PRL 71 1379 (1993)

Low energy pp scattering 1lt0 tot+lttot-

Expectation

Target Beam

FILTEX ResultsFILTEX Results

Spin Workshop 05 Dubna M Contalbrigo - INFN Ferrara 35

Puzzle from FILTEX TestPuzzle from FILTEX TestObserved polarization build-up dPdt = plusmn (124 plusmn 006) x 10-2 h-1

Expected build-up P(t)=tanh(tτpol)

1τpol=σ1Qdtf=24x10-2 h-1

about factor 2 larger

σ1 = 122 mb (pp phase shifts)Q = 083 plusmn 003dt = (56 plusmn 03) x 1013cm-2

f = 1177 MHz

Three distinct effects (measured 1=69 mb)

1 Selective removal through scattering beyond Ψacc=44 mrad σR=83 mb

2 Small angle scattering of target protons into ring acceptance σS=52 mb

3 Spin transfer from polarized electrons of the target atoms to the stored protons

σEM=70 mb (-) Horowitz amp Meyer PRL 72 3981 (1994)

HO Meyer PRE 50 1485 (1994)

Spin Workshop 05 Dubna M Contalbrigo - INFN Ferrara 36

01

02

03

04

Beam

Pola

riza

tion

P(2

middotτbeam)

10 T (MeV)100

EM only

5

10

30

20

40

Ψacc=50 mrad

0

1

Filter Test T = 23 MeV Ψacc= 44 mrad

Beam PolarizationBeam Polarization (Electromagnetic Interaction)(Electromagnetic Interaction)

Spin Workshop 05 Dubna M Contalbrigo - INFN Ferrara 37

Beam Polarization Beam Polarization (Hadronic Interaction Longitudinal Case)(Hadronic Interaction Longitudinal Case)

Experimental Tests requiredbullEM effect needs protons only (COSY)bullFinal Design of APR Filter test with p at AD (CERN)

Model D V Mull K Holinde Phys Rev C 51 2360 (1995)

Model A T Hippchen et al Phys Rev C 44 1323 (1991)

50 100 150 200 250 T (MeV) 50 100 150 200 T (MeV)

005

010

015

020

P

005

010

015

020

P

2 beam lifetimesΨacc=10-50 mrad

3 beam lifetimesΨacc=20 mrad

Spin Workshop 05 Dubna M Contalbrigo - INFN Ferrara 38

SMILESMILE SSpin pin MMeasurements easurements

in in IInteractions at nteractions at LLow ow EEnergy nergy

bull Study of spin-filtering process

bull Electromagnetic interaction unpolarized protons on polarized internal target at COSY

bull Hadronic interaction unpolarized antiprotons on polarized internal target at AD (CERN)

From COSY to FAIRhellipFrom COSY to FAIRhellip

Spin Workshop 05 Dubna M Contalbrigo - INFN Ferrara 39

OutlineOutlinebull Introduction

ndash Physics Casendash The FAIR project

bull PAX Accelerator Setupndash Stagingndash Antiproton Polarizer Ringndash Asymmetric Antiproton-Proton Collider

bull Experimentndash Conceptual Detector Designndash Preliminary Results for Drell-Yan Studiesndash Rate estimates

Spin Workshop 05 Dubna M Contalbrigo - INFN Ferrara 40

RINGS SETUP RINGS SETUP

asymmetric collider L = 2∙1030 cm-2s-1

Spin Workshop 05 Dubna M Contalbrigo - INFN Ferrara 41

OutlineOutlinebull Introduction

ndash Physics Casendash The FAIR project

bull PAX Accelerator Setupndash Stagingndash Antiproton Polarizer Ringndash Asymmetric Antiproton-Proton Collider

bull Experimentndash Conceptual Detector Designndash Preliminary Results for Drell-Yan Studiesndash Rate estimates

Spin Workshop 05 Dubna M Contalbrigo - INFN Ferrara 42

PAX Detector Concept PAX Detector Concept

Physics h1 distribution sin2 EMFF sin2

pbar-p elastic high |t|

Magnet Keeps beam polarization vertical Compatible with Cerenkov Compatible with polarized target

Detector Extremely rare DY signal (10-7 p-pbar) Maximum Bjorken-x coverage (M interval) Excellent PID (hadrone rejection ~ 104) High mass resolution (le2 )

Moderate lepton energies (05-5 GeV)

Azimuthally SymmetricBARREL GEOMETRY

LARGE ANGLES

Experiment Flexible Facility

TOROIDNO FRINGE FIELD

e+e-

Spin Workshop 05 Dubna M Contalbrigo - INFN Ferrara 43

PAX Detector Concept PAX Detector Concept

Designed for Collider but compatible with fixed target

Cerenkov(200 m)

(20 m)

GEANT simulation

Spin Workshop 05 Dubna M Contalbrigo - INFN Ferrara 44

OutlineOutlinebull Introduction

ndash Physics Casendash The FAIR project

bull PAX Accelerator Setupndash Stagingndash Antiproton Polarizer Ringndash Asymmetric Antiproton-Proton Collider

bull Experimentndash Conceptual Detector Designndash Preliminary Results for Drell-Yan Studiesndash Rate estimates

Spin Workshop 05 Dubna M Contalbrigo - INFN Ferrara 45

-p Phase Space-p Phase Space

Background peaks at low energy forward direction

acceptance

Spin Workshop 05 Dubna M Contalbrigo - INFN Ferrara 46

Background to Drell-Yan eBackground to Drell-Yan e++ee--

frac12 hour experiment 2∙108 p-pbar interactions several DY events

combinatorial+charm bckg

Background 11 to signal after PID Egt300 MeV conversion veto mass cut the combinatorial component can be subtracted (wrong-sign control sample) the charm can be reduced (vertex decay)

+-++ amp --

Spin Workshop 05 Dubna M Contalbrigo - INFN Ferrara 47

-p Phase Space-p Phase Space

Vertex resolution high enoughto study charm background

Better than 2 mass resol x dependence of h1

resonance vs continuum

Mandatory to study M below Jψ mass

Spin Workshop 05 Dubna M Contalbrigo - INFN Ferrara 48

OutlineOutlinebull Introduction

ndash Physics Casendash The FAIR project

bull PAX Accelerator Setupndash Stagingndash Antiproton Polarizer Ringndash Asymmetric Antiproton-Proton Collider

bull Experimentndash Conceptual Detector Designndash Preliminary Results for Drell-Yan Studiesndash Rate estimates

Spin Workshop 05 Dubna M Contalbrigo - INFN Ferrara 49

10 precision on the h1u (x) in the valence region

1 year of data taking at 15+35 GeV collider L = 2∙1030 cm-2s-1

Precision in hPrecision in h11 measurement measurement

Spin Workshop 05 Dubna M Contalbrigo - INFN Ferrara 50

Summary

bull PAX project has an innovative spin physics program transversity SSA EMFF hard p-pbar scatterings

bull A method to obtain an antiproton beam with high degree of polarization has to be optimized (APR)

bull PAX viable accelerator setup provides fexible 2nd IP really matched to the physics items lots of interesting QCD physics in PAX Phase-I asymmetric collider ideal to map transversity (Phase-II)

Spin Workshop 05 Dubna M Contalbrigo - INFN Ferrara 51

Background to Drell-Yan eBackground to Drell-Yan e++ee--

frac12 hour experiment 2∙108 p-pbar interactions several DY events

combinatorial+charm bckg

Background 11 to signal after PID Egt300 MeV conversion veto mass cut the combinatorial component can be subtracted (wrong-sign control sample) the charm can be reduced (vertex decay)

+-++ amp --

Spin Workshop 05 Dubna M Contalbrigo - INFN Ferrara 52

PAX Integrated Luminosities for Physics PAX Integrated Luminosities for Physics CasesCases

pb-1

fb-1

Inte

gra

ted

Lu

min

osi

ty

EMFF DSA s=376 GeV2

ppbar elastic DSA t=4 GeV2

Phase-I L=151031 cm-2s-1

Antiproton Beam Polarization Ppbar=03 Proton Polarization Pp=08

Phase-II L=21030 cm-2s-1

EMFF DSA s=9 GeV2

Absolute Error ΔDSA=005

h1 DSA Mgt2 GeV Δ=10

h1 DSA Mgt4 GeV Δ=20

(1 y)

(4 y)(1 y)

Spin Workshop 05 Dubna M Contalbrigo - INFN Ferrara 53

q q

q qqqqq

TTTT xqxqxqxqe

xhxhxhxheaA

)()()()(

)()()()(ˆ

dd

dd

21212

211121112

Barone Calarco Drago

Martin Schaumlfer Stratmann Vogelsang

h1 from p-p Drell-Yan at RICHU70

h1q (x Q2) small and with much slower evolution than

Δq(x Q2) and q(x Q2) at small x

h1q (x Q2)- h1q (x Q2)ne

RHIC τ=x1x2~10-3 rarr sea quarks (ATT very small ~ 001 )

3102 RICH energies 22 GeV 100 GeV 200 Ms

  • PAX Polarized Antiproton eXperiments
  • PAX Collaboration
  • Slide 3
  • Outline
  • Slide 5
  • Slide 6
  • Slide 7
  • Slide 8
  • Slide 9
  • Slide 10
  • Slide 11
  • Slide 12
  • Slide 13
  • Slide 14
  • Slide 15
  • Slide 16
  • Slide 17
  • Slide 18
  • pp Elastic Scattering from ZGS
  • Slide 20
  • Proton Electromagnetic Formfactors
  • Slide 22
  • Slide 23
  • Slide 24
  • Slide 25
  • Slide 26
  • PAX Accelerator Setup
  • Slide 28
  • Slide 29
  • Slide 30
  • Slide 31
  • Slide 32
  • Slide 33
  • Slide 34
  • Slide 35
  • Slide 36
  • Slide 37
  • SMILE Spin Measurements in Interactions at Low Energy
  • Slide 39
  • Slide 40
  • Slide 41
  • Slide 42
  • Slide 43
  • Slide 44
  • Slide 45
  • Slide 46
  • Slide 47
  • Slide 48
  • Slide 49
  • Summary
  • Slide 51
  • PAX Integrated Luminosities for Physics Cases
  • Slide 53
Page 34: PAX Polarized Antiproton eXperiments

Spin Workshop 05 Dubna M Contalbrigo - INFN Ferrara 34

Exploitation of Spin TransferExploitation of Spin Transfer

PAX will employ spin-filter from internal polarized hydrogen

target to antiprotons

Hydrogen gas target in strong field (300 mT)

F Rathmann et al PRL 71 1379 (1993)

Low energy pp scattering 1lt0 tot+lttot-

Expectation

Target Beam

FILTEX ResultsFILTEX Results

Spin Workshop 05 Dubna M Contalbrigo - INFN Ferrara 35

Puzzle from FILTEX TestPuzzle from FILTEX TestObserved polarization build-up dPdt = plusmn (124 plusmn 006) x 10-2 h-1

Expected build-up P(t)=tanh(tτpol)

1τpol=σ1Qdtf=24x10-2 h-1

about factor 2 larger

σ1 = 122 mb (pp phase shifts)Q = 083 plusmn 003dt = (56 plusmn 03) x 1013cm-2

f = 1177 MHz

Three distinct effects (measured 1=69 mb)

1 Selective removal through scattering beyond Ψacc=44 mrad σR=83 mb

2 Small angle scattering of target protons into ring acceptance σS=52 mb

3 Spin transfer from polarized electrons of the target atoms to the stored protons

σEM=70 mb (-) Horowitz amp Meyer PRL 72 3981 (1994)

HO Meyer PRE 50 1485 (1994)

Spin Workshop 05 Dubna M Contalbrigo - INFN Ferrara 36

01

02

03

04

Beam

Pola

riza

tion

P(2

middotτbeam)

10 T (MeV)100

EM only

5

10

30

20

40

Ψacc=50 mrad

0

1

Filter Test T = 23 MeV Ψacc= 44 mrad

Beam PolarizationBeam Polarization (Electromagnetic Interaction)(Electromagnetic Interaction)

Spin Workshop 05 Dubna M Contalbrigo - INFN Ferrara 37

Beam Polarization Beam Polarization (Hadronic Interaction Longitudinal Case)(Hadronic Interaction Longitudinal Case)

Experimental Tests requiredbullEM effect needs protons only (COSY)bullFinal Design of APR Filter test with p at AD (CERN)

Model D V Mull K Holinde Phys Rev C 51 2360 (1995)

Model A T Hippchen et al Phys Rev C 44 1323 (1991)

50 100 150 200 250 T (MeV) 50 100 150 200 T (MeV)

005

010

015

020

P

005

010

015

020

P

2 beam lifetimesΨacc=10-50 mrad

3 beam lifetimesΨacc=20 mrad

Spin Workshop 05 Dubna M Contalbrigo - INFN Ferrara 38

SMILESMILE SSpin pin MMeasurements easurements

in in IInteractions at nteractions at LLow ow EEnergy nergy

bull Study of spin-filtering process

bull Electromagnetic interaction unpolarized protons on polarized internal target at COSY

bull Hadronic interaction unpolarized antiprotons on polarized internal target at AD (CERN)

From COSY to FAIRhellipFrom COSY to FAIRhellip

Spin Workshop 05 Dubna M Contalbrigo - INFN Ferrara 39

OutlineOutlinebull Introduction

ndash Physics Casendash The FAIR project

bull PAX Accelerator Setupndash Stagingndash Antiproton Polarizer Ringndash Asymmetric Antiproton-Proton Collider

bull Experimentndash Conceptual Detector Designndash Preliminary Results for Drell-Yan Studiesndash Rate estimates

Spin Workshop 05 Dubna M Contalbrigo - INFN Ferrara 40

RINGS SETUP RINGS SETUP

asymmetric collider L = 2∙1030 cm-2s-1

Spin Workshop 05 Dubna M Contalbrigo - INFN Ferrara 41

OutlineOutlinebull Introduction

ndash Physics Casendash The FAIR project

bull PAX Accelerator Setupndash Stagingndash Antiproton Polarizer Ringndash Asymmetric Antiproton-Proton Collider

bull Experimentndash Conceptual Detector Designndash Preliminary Results for Drell-Yan Studiesndash Rate estimates

Spin Workshop 05 Dubna M Contalbrigo - INFN Ferrara 42

PAX Detector Concept PAX Detector Concept

Physics h1 distribution sin2 EMFF sin2

pbar-p elastic high |t|

Magnet Keeps beam polarization vertical Compatible with Cerenkov Compatible with polarized target

Detector Extremely rare DY signal (10-7 p-pbar) Maximum Bjorken-x coverage (M interval) Excellent PID (hadrone rejection ~ 104) High mass resolution (le2 )

Moderate lepton energies (05-5 GeV)

Azimuthally SymmetricBARREL GEOMETRY

LARGE ANGLES

Experiment Flexible Facility

TOROIDNO FRINGE FIELD

e+e-

Spin Workshop 05 Dubna M Contalbrigo - INFN Ferrara 43

PAX Detector Concept PAX Detector Concept

Designed for Collider but compatible with fixed target

Cerenkov(200 m)

(20 m)

GEANT simulation

Spin Workshop 05 Dubna M Contalbrigo - INFN Ferrara 44

OutlineOutlinebull Introduction

ndash Physics Casendash The FAIR project

bull PAX Accelerator Setupndash Stagingndash Antiproton Polarizer Ringndash Asymmetric Antiproton-Proton Collider

bull Experimentndash Conceptual Detector Designndash Preliminary Results for Drell-Yan Studiesndash Rate estimates

Spin Workshop 05 Dubna M Contalbrigo - INFN Ferrara 45

-p Phase Space-p Phase Space

Background peaks at low energy forward direction

acceptance

Spin Workshop 05 Dubna M Contalbrigo - INFN Ferrara 46

Background to Drell-Yan eBackground to Drell-Yan e++ee--

frac12 hour experiment 2∙108 p-pbar interactions several DY events

combinatorial+charm bckg

Background 11 to signal after PID Egt300 MeV conversion veto mass cut the combinatorial component can be subtracted (wrong-sign control sample) the charm can be reduced (vertex decay)

+-++ amp --

Spin Workshop 05 Dubna M Contalbrigo - INFN Ferrara 47

-p Phase Space-p Phase Space

Vertex resolution high enoughto study charm background

Better than 2 mass resol x dependence of h1

resonance vs continuum

Mandatory to study M below Jψ mass

Spin Workshop 05 Dubna M Contalbrigo - INFN Ferrara 48

OutlineOutlinebull Introduction

ndash Physics Casendash The FAIR project

bull PAX Accelerator Setupndash Stagingndash Antiproton Polarizer Ringndash Asymmetric Antiproton-Proton Collider

bull Experimentndash Conceptual Detector Designndash Preliminary Results for Drell-Yan Studiesndash Rate estimates

Spin Workshop 05 Dubna M Contalbrigo - INFN Ferrara 49

10 precision on the h1u (x) in the valence region

1 year of data taking at 15+35 GeV collider L = 2∙1030 cm-2s-1

Precision in hPrecision in h11 measurement measurement

Spin Workshop 05 Dubna M Contalbrigo - INFN Ferrara 50

Summary

bull PAX project has an innovative spin physics program transversity SSA EMFF hard p-pbar scatterings

bull A method to obtain an antiproton beam with high degree of polarization has to be optimized (APR)

bull PAX viable accelerator setup provides fexible 2nd IP really matched to the physics items lots of interesting QCD physics in PAX Phase-I asymmetric collider ideal to map transversity (Phase-II)

Spin Workshop 05 Dubna M Contalbrigo - INFN Ferrara 51

Background to Drell-Yan eBackground to Drell-Yan e++ee--

frac12 hour experiment 2∙108 p-pbar interactions several DY events

combinatorial+charm bckg

Background 11 to signal after PID Egt300 MeV conversion veto mass cut the combinatorial component can be subtracted (wrong-sign control sample) the charm can be reduced (vertex decay)

+-++ amp --

Spin Workshop 05 Dubna M Contalbrigo - INFN Ferrara 52

PAX Integrated Luminosities for Physics PAX Integrated Luminosities for Physics CasesCases

pb-1

fb-1

Inte

gra

ted

Lu

min

osi

ty

EMFF DSA s=376 GeV2

ppbar elastic DSA t=4 GeV2

Phase-I L=151031 cm-2s-1

Antiproton Beam Polarization Ppbar=03 Proton Polarization Pp=08

Phase-II L=21030 cm-2s-1

EMFF DSA s=9 GeV2

Absolute Error ΔDSA=005

h1 DSA Mgt2 GeV Δ=10

h1 DSA Mgt4 GeV Δ=20

(1 y)

(4 y)(1 y)

Spin Workshop 05 Dubna M Contalbrigo - INFN Ferrara 53

q q

q qqqqq

TTTT xqxqxqxqe

xhxhxhxheaA

)()()()(

)()()()(ˆ

dd

dd

21212

211121112

Barone Calarco Drago

Martin Schaumlfer Stratmann Vogelsang

h1 from p-p Drell-Yan at RICHU70

h1q (x Q2) small and with much slower evolution than

Δq(x Q2) and q(x Q2) at small x

h1q (x Q2)- h1q (x Q2)ne

RHIC τ=x1x2~10-3 rarr sea quarks (ATT very small ~ 001 )

3102 RICH energies 22 GeV 100 GeV 200 Ms

  • PAX Polarized Antiproton eXperiments
  • PAX Collaboration
  • Slide 3
  • Outline
  • Slide 5
  • Slide 6
  • Slide 7
  • Slide 8
  • Slide 9
  • Slide 10
  • Slide 11
  • Slide 12
  • Slide 13
  • Slide 14
  • Slide 15
  • Slide 16
  • Slide 17
  • Slide 18
  • pp Elastic Scattering from ZGS
  • Slide 20
  • Proton Electromagnetic Formfactors
  • Slide 22
  • Slide 23
  • Slide 24
  • Slide 25
  • Slide 26
  • PAX Accelerator Setup
  • Slide 28
  • Slide 29
  • Slide 30
  • Slide 31
  • Slide 32
  • Slide 33
  • Slide 34
  • Slide 35
  • Slide 36
  • Slide 37
  • SMILE Spin Measurements in Interactions at Low Energy
  • Slide 39
  • Slide 40
  • Slide 41
  • Slide 42
  • Slide 43
  • Slide 44
  • Slide 45
  • Slide 46
  • Slide 47
  • Slide 48
  • Slide 49
  • Summary
  • Slide 51
  • PAX Integrated Luminosities for Physics Cases
  • Slide 53
Page 35: PAX Polarized Antiproton eXperiments

Spin Workshop 05 Dubna M Contalbrigo - INFN Ferrara 35

Puzzle from FILTEX TestPuzzle from FILTEX TestObserved polarization build-up dPdt = plusmn (124 plusmn 006) x 10-2 h-1

Expected build-up P(t)=tanh(tτpol)

1τpol=σ1Qdtf=24x10-2 h-1

about factor 2 larger

σ1 = 122 mb (pp phase shifts)Q = 083 plusmn 003dt = (56 plusmn 03) x 1013cm-2

f = 1177 MHz

Three distinct effects (measured 1=69 mb)

1 Selective removal through scattering beyond Ψacc=44 mrad σR=83 mb

2 Small angle scattering of target protons into ring acceptance σS=52 mb

3 Spin transfer from polarized electrons of the target atoms to the stored protons

σEM=70 mb (-) Horowitz amp Meyer PRL 72 3981 (1994)

HO Meyer PRE 50 1485 (1994)

Spin Workshop 05 Dubna M Contalbrigo - INFN Ferrara 36

01

02

03

04

Beam

Pola

riza

tion

P(2

middotτbeam)

10 T (MeV)100

EM only

5

10

30

20

40

Ψacc=50 mrad

0

1

Filter Test T = 23 MeV Ψacc= 44 mrad

Beam PolarizationBeam Polarization (Electromagnetic Interaction)(Electromagnetic Interaction)

Spin Workshop 05 Dubna M Contalbrigo - INFN Ferrara 37

Beam Polarization Beam Polarization (Hadronic Interaction Longitudinal Case)(Hadronic Interaction Longitudinal Case)

Experimental Tests requiredbullEM effect needs protons only (COSY)bullFinal Design of APR Filter test with p at AD (CERN)

Model D V Mull K Holinde Phys Rev C 51 2360 (1995)

Model A T Hippchen et al Phys Rev C 44 1323 (1991)

50 100 150 200 250 T (MeV) 50 100 150 200 T (MeV)

005

010

015

020

P

005

010

015

020

P

2 beam lifetimesΨacc=10-50 mrad

3 beam lifetimesΨacc=20 mrad

Spin Workshop 05 Dubna M Contalbrigo - INFN Ferrara 38

SMILESMILE SSpin pin MMeasurements easurements

in in IInteractions at nteractions at LLow ow EEnergy nergy

bull Study of spin-filtering process

bull Electromagnetic interaction unpolarized protons on polarized internal target at COSY

bull Hadronic interaction unpolarized antiprotons on polarized internal target at AD (CERN)

From COSY to FAIRhellipFrom COSY to FAIRhellip

Spin Workshop 05 Dubna M Contalbrigo - INFN Ferrara 39

OutlineOutlinebull Introduction

ndash Physics Casendash The FAIR project

bull PAX Accelerator Setupndash Stagingndash Antiproton Polarizer Ringndash Asymmetric Antiproton-Proton Collider

bull Experimentndash Conceptual Detector Designndash Preliminary Results for Drell-Yan Studiesndash Rate estimates

Spin Workshop 05 Dubna M Contalbrigo - INFN Ferrara 40

RINGS SETUP RINGS SETUP

asymmetric collider L = 2∙1030 cm-2s-1

Spin Workshop 05 Dubna M Contalbrigo - INFN Ferrara 41

OutlineOutlinebull Introduction

ndash Physics Casendash The FAIR project

bull PAX Accelerator Setupndash Stagingndash Antiproton Polarizer Ringndash Asymmetric Antiproton-Proton Collider

bull Experimentndash Conceptual Detector Designndash Preliminary Results for Drell-Yan Studiesndash Rate estimates

Spin Workshop 05 Dubna M Contalbrigo - INFN Ferrara 42

PAX Detector Concept PAX Detector Concept

Physics h1 distribution sin2 EMFF sin2

pbar-p elastic high |t|

Magnet Keeps beam polarization vertical Compatible with Cerenkov Compatible with polarized target

Detector Extremely rare DY signal (10-7 p-pbar) Maximum Bjorken-x coverage (M interval) Excellent PID (hadrone rejection ~ 104) High mass resolution (le2 )

Moderate lepton energies (05-5 GeV)

Azimuthally SymmetricBARREL GEOMETRY

LARGE ANGLES

Experiment Flexible Facility

TOROIDNO FRINGE FIELD

e+e-

Spin Workshop 05 Dubna M Contalbrigo - INFN Ferrara 43

PAX Detector Concept PAX Detector Concept

Designed for Collider but compatible with fixed target

Cerenkov(200 m)

(20 m)

GEANT simulation

Spin Workshop 05 Dubna M Contalbrigo - INFN Ferrara 44

OutlineOutlinebull Introduction

ndash Physics Casendash The FAIR project

bull PAX Accelerator Setupndash Stagingndash Antiproton Polarizer Ringndash Asymmetric Antiproton-Proton Collider

bull Experimentndash Conceptual Detector Designndash Preliminary Results for Drell-Yan Studiesndash Rate estimates

Spin Workshop 05 Dubna M Contalbrigo - INFN Ferrara 45

-p Phase Space-p Phase Space

Background peaks at low energy forward direction

acceptance

Spin Workshop 05 Dubna M Contalbrigo - INFN Ferrara 46

Background to Drell-Yan eBackground to Drell-Yan e++ee--

frac12 hour experiment 2∙108 p-pbar interactions several DY events

combinatorial+charm bckg

Background 11 to signal after PID Egt300 MeV conversion veto mass cut the combinatorial component can be subtracted (wrong-sign control sample) the charm can be reduced (vertex decay)

+-++ amp --

Spin Workshop 05 Dubna M Contalbrigo - INFN Ferrara 47

-p Phase Space-p Phase Space

Vertex resolution high enoughto study charm background

Better than 2 mass resol x dependence of h1

resonance vs continuum

Mandatory to study M below Jψ mass

Spin Workshop 05 Dubna M Contalbrigo - INFN Ferrara 48

OutlineOutlinebull Introduction

ndash Physics Casendash The FAIR project

bull PAX Accelerator Setupndash Stagingndash Antiproton Polarizer Ringndash Asymmetric Antiproton-Proton Collider

bull Experimentndash Conceptual Detector Designndash Preliminary Results for Drell-Yan Studiesndash Rate estimates

Spin Workshop 05 Dubna M Contalbrigo - INFN Ferrara 49

10 precision on the h1u (x) in the valence region

1 year of data taking at 15+35 GeV collider L = 2∙1030 cm-2s-1

Precision in hPrecision in h11 measurement measurement

Spin Workshop 05 Dubna M Contalbrigo - INFN Ferrara 50

Summary

bull PAX project has an innovative spin physics program transversity SSA EMFF hard p-pbar scatterings

bull A method to obtain an antiproton beam with high degree of polarization has to be optimized (APR)

bull PAX viable accelerator setup provides fexible 2nd IP really matched to the physics items lots of interesting QCD physics in PAX Phase-I asymmetric collider ideal to map transversity (Phase-II)

Spin Workshop 05 Dubna M Contalbrigo - INFN Ferrara 51

Background to Drell-Yan eBackground to Drell-Yan e++ee--

frac12 hour experiment 2∙108 p-pbar interactions several DY events

combinatorial+charm bckg

Background 11 to signal after PID Egt300 MeV conversion veto mass cut the combinatorial component can be subtracted (wrong-sign control sample) the charm can be reduced (vertex decay)

+-++ amp --

Spin Workshop 05 Dubna M Contalbrigo - INFN Ferrara 52

PAX Integrated Luminosities for Physics PAX Integrated Luminosities for Physics CasesCases

pb-1

fb-1

Inte

gra

ted

Lu

min

osi

ty

EMFF DSA s=376 GeV2

ppbar elastic DSA t=4 GeV2

Phase-I L=151031 cm-2s-1

Antiproton Beam Polarization Ppbar=03 Proton Polarization Pp=08

Phase-II L=21030 cm-2s-1

EMFF DSA s=9 GeV2

Absolute Error ΔDSA=005

h1 DSA Mgt2 GeV Δ=10

h1 DSA Mgt4 GeV Δ=20

(1 y)

(4 y)(1 y)

Spin Workshop 05 Dubna M Contalbrigo - INFN Ferrara 53

q q

q qqqqq

TTTT xqxqxqxqe

xhxhxhxheaA

)()()()(

)()()()(ˆ

dd

dd

21212

211121112

Barone Calarco Drago

Martin Schaumlfer Stratmann Vogelsang

h1 from p-p Drell-Yan at RICHU70

h1q (x Q2) small and with much slower evolution than

Δq(x Q2) and q(x Q2) at small x

h1q (x Q2)- h1q (x Q2)ne

RHIC τ=x1x2~10-3 rarr sea quarks (ATT very small ~ 001 )

3102 RICH energies 22 GeV 100 GeV 200 Ms

  • PAX Polarized Antiproton eXperiments
  • PAX Collaboration
  • Slide 3
  • Outline
  • Slide 5
  • Slide 6
  • Slide 7
  • Slide 8
  • Slide 9
  • Slide 10
  • Slide 11
  • Slide 12
  • Slide 13
  • Slide 14
  • Slide 15
  • Slide 16
  • Slide 17
  • Slide 18
  • pp Elastic Scattering from ZGS
  • Slide 20
  • Proton Electromagnetic Formfactors
  • Slide 22
  • Slide 23
  • Slide 24
  • Slide 25
  • Slide 26
  • PAX Accelerator Setup
  • Slide 28
  • Slide 29
  • Slide 30
  • Slide 31
  • Slide 32
  • Slide 33
  • Slide 34
  • Slide 35
  • Slide 36
  • Slide 37
  • SMILE Spin Measurements in Interactions at Low Energy
  • Slide 39
  • Slide 40
  • Slide 41
  • Slide 42
  • Slide 43
  • Slide 44
  • Slide 45
  • Slide 46
  • Slide 47
  • Slide 48
  • Slide 49
  • Summary
  • Slide 51
  • PAX Integrated Luminosities for Physics Cases
  • Slide 53
Page 36: PAX Polarized Antiproton eXperiments

Spin Workshop 05 Dubna M Contalbrigo - INFN Ferrara 36

01

02

03

04

Beam

Pola

riza

tion

P(2

middotτbeam)

10 T (MeV)100

EM only

5

10

30

20

40

Ψacc=50 mrad

0

1

Filter Test T = 23 MeV Ψacc= 44 mrad

Beam PolarizationBeam Polarization (Electromagnetic Interaction)(Electromagnetic Interaction)

Spin Workshop 05 Dubna M Contalbrigo - INFN Ferrara 37

Beam Polarization Beam Polarization (Hadronic Interaction Longitudinal Case)(Hadronic Interaction Longitudinal Case)

Experimental Tests requiredbullEM effect needs protons only (COSY)bullFinal Design of APR Filter test with p at AD (CERN)

Model D V Mull K Holinde Phys Rev C 51 2360 (1995)

Model A T Hippchen et al Phys Rev C 44 1323 (1991)

50 100 150 200 250 T (MeV) 50 100 150 200 T (MeV)

005

010

015

020

P

005

010

015

020

P

2 beam lifetimesΨacc=10-50 mrad

3 beam lifetimesΨacc=20 mrad

Spin Workshop 05 Dubna M Contalbrigo - INFN Ferrara 38

SMILESMILE SSpin pin MMeasurements easurements

in in IInteractions at nteractions at LLow ow EEnergy nergy

bull Study of spin-filtering process

bull Electromagnetic interaction unpolarized protons on polarized internal target at COSY

bull Hadronic interaction unpolarized antiprotons on polarized internal target at AD (CERN)

From COSY to FAIRhellipFrom COSY to FAIRhellip

Spin Workshop 05 Dubna M Contalbrigo - INFN Ferrara 39

OutlineOutlinebull Introduction

ndash Physics Casendash The FAIR project

bull PAX Accelerator Setupndash Stagingndash Antiproton Polarizer Ringndash Asymmetric Antiproton-Proton Collider

bull Experimentndash Conceptual Detector Designndash Preliminary Results for Drell-Yan Studiesndash Rate estimates

Spin Workshop 05 Dubna M Contalbrigo - INFN Ferrara 40

RINGS SETUP RINGS SETUP

asymmetric collider L = 2∙1030 cm-2s-1

Spin Workshop 05 Dubna M Contalbrigo - INFN Ferrara 41

OutlineOutlinebull Introduction

ndash Physics Casendash The FAIR project

bull PAX Accelerator Setupndash Stagingndash Antiproton Polarizer Ringndash Asymmetric Antiproton-Proton Collider

bull Experimentndash Conceptual Detector Designndash Preliminary Results for Drell-Yan Studiesndash Rate estimates

Spin Workshop 05 Dubna M Contalbrigo - INFN Ferrara 42

PAX Detector Concept PAX Detector Concept

Physics h1 distribution sin2 EMFF sin2

pbar-p elastic high |t|

Magnet Keeps beam polarization vertical Compatible with Cerenkov Compatible with polarized target

Detector Extremely rare DY signal (10-7 p-pbar) Maximum Bjorken-x coverage (M interval) Excellent PID (hadrone rejection ~ 104) High mass resolution (le2 )

Moderate lepton energies (05-5 GeV)

Azimuthally SymmetricBARREL GEOMETRY

LARGE ANGLES

Experiment Flexible Facility

TOROIDNO FRINGE FIELD

e+e-

Spin Workshop 05 Dubna M Contalbrigo - INFN Ferrara 43

PAX Detector Concept PAX Detector Concept

Designed for Collider but compatible with fixed target

Cerenkov(200 m)

(20 m)

GEANT simulation

Spin Workshop 05 Dubna M Contalbrigo - INFN Ferrara 44

OutlineOutlinebull Introduction

ndash Physics Casendash The FAIR project

bull PAX Accelerator Setupndash Stagingndash Antiproton Polarizer Ringndash Asymmetric Antiproton-Proton Collider

bull Experimentndash Conceptual Detector Designndash Preliminary Results for Drell-Yan Studiesndash Rate estimates

Spin Workshop 05 Dubna M Contalbrigo - INFN Ferrara 45

-p Phase Space-p Phase Space

Background peaks at low energy forward direction

acceptance

Spin Workshop 05 Dubna M Contalbrigo - INFN Ferrara 46

Background to Drell-Yan eBackground to Drell-Yan e++ee--

frac12 hour experiment 2∙108 p-pbar interactions several DY events

combinatorial+charm bckg

Background 11 to signal after PID Egt300 MeV conversion veto mass cut the combinatorial component can be subtracted (wrong-sign control sample) the charm can be reduced (vertex decay)

+-++ amp --

Spin Workshop 05 Dubna M Contalbrigo - INFN Ferrara 47

-p Phase Space-p Phase Space

Vertex resolution high enoughto study charm background

Better than 2 mass resol x dependence of h1

resonance vs continuum

Mandatory to study M below Jψ mass

Spin Workshop 05 Dubna M Contalbrigo - INFN Ferrara 48

OutlineOutlinebull Introduction

ndash Physics Casendash The FAIR project

bull PAX Accelerator Setupndash Stagingndash Antiproton Polarizer Ringndash Asymmetric Antiproton-Proton Collider

bull Experimentndash Conceptual Detector Designndash Preliminary Results for Drell-Yan Studiesndash Rate estimates

Spin Workshop 05 Dubna M Contalbrigo - INFN Ferrara 49

10 precision on the h1u (x) in the valence region

1 year of data taking at 15+35 GeV collider L = 2∙1030 cm-2s-1

Precision in hPrecision in h11 measurement measurement

Spin Workshop 05 Dubna M Contalbrigo - INFN Ferrara 50

Summary

bull PAX project has an innovative spin physics program transversity SSA EMFF hard p-pbar scatterings

bull A method to obtain an antiproton beam with high degree of polarization has to be optimized (APR)

bull PAX viable accelerator setup provides fexible 2nd IP really matched to the physics items lots of interesting QCD physics in PAX Phase-I asymmetric collider ideal to map transversity (Phase-II)

Spin Workshop 05 Dubna M Contalbrigo - INFN Ferrara 51

Background to Drell-Yan eBackground to Drell-Yan e++ee--

frac12 hour experiment 2∙108 p-pbar interactions several DY events

combinatorial+charm bckg

Background 11 to signal after PID Egt300 MeV conversion veto mass cut the combinatorial component can be subtracted (wrong-sign control sample) the charm can be reduced (vertex decay)

+-++ amp --

Spin Workshop 05 Dubna M Contalbrigo - INFN Ferrara 52

PAX Integrated Luminosities for Physics PAX Integrated Luminosities for Physics CasesCases

pb-1

fb-1

Inte

gra

ted

Lu

min

osi

ty

EMFF DSA s=376 GeV2

ppbar elastic DSA t=4 GeV2

Phase-I L=151031 cm-2s-1

Antiproton Beam Polarization Ppbar=03 Proton Polarization Pp=08

Phase-II L=21030 cm-2s-1

EMFF DSA s=9 GeV2

Absolute Error ΔDSA=005

h1 DSA Mgt2 GeV Δ=10

h1 DSA Mgt4 GeV Δ=20

(1 y)

(4 y)(1 y)

Spin Workshop 05 Dubna M Contalbrigo - INFN Ferrara 53

q q

q qqqqq

TTTT xqxqxqxqe

xhxhxhxheaA

)()()()(

)()()()(ˆ

dd

dd

21212

211121112

Barone Calarco Drago

Martin Schaumlfer Stratmann Vogelsang

h1 from p-p Drell-Yan at RICHU70

h1q (x Q2) small and with much slower evolution than

Δq(x Q2) and q(x Q2) at small x

h1q (x Q2)- h1q (x Q2)ne

RHIC τ=x1x2~10-3 rarr sea quarks (ATT very small ~ 001 )

3102 RICH energies 22 GeV 100 GeV 200 Ms

  • PAX Polarized Antiproton eXperiments
  • PAX Collaboration
  • Slide 3
  • Outline
  • Slide 5
  • Slide 6
  • Slide 7
  • Slide 8
  • Slide 9
  • Slide 10
  • Slide 11
  • Slide 12
  • Slide 13
  • Slide 14
  • Slide 15
  • Slide 16
  • Slide 17
  • Slide 18
  • pp Elastic Scattering from ZGS
  • Slide 20
  • Proton Electromagnetic Formfactors
  • Slide 22
  • Slide 23
  • Slide 24
  • Slide 25
  • Slide 26
  • PAX Accelerator Setup
  • Slide 28
  • Slide 29
  • Slide 30
  • Slide 31
  • Slide 32
  • Slide 33
  • Slide 34
  • Slide 35
  • Slide 36
  • Slide 37
  • SMILE Spin Measurements in Interactions at Low Energy
  • Slide 39
  • Slide 40
  • Slide 41
  • Slide 42
  • Slide 43
  • Slide 44
  • Slide 45
  • Slide 46
  • Slide 47
  • Slide 48
  • Slide 49
  • Summary
  • Slide 51
  • PAX Integrated Luminosities for Physics Cases
  • Slide 53
Page 37: PAX Polarized Antiproton eXperiments

Spin Workshop 05 Dubna M Contalbrigo - INFN Ferrara 37

Beam Polarization Beam Polarization (Hadronic Interaction Longitudinal Case)(Hadronic Interaction Longitudinal Case)

Experimental Tests requiredbullEM effect needs protons only (COSY)bullFinal Design of APR Filter test with p at AD (CERN)

Model D V Mull K Holinde Phys Rev C 51 2360 (1995)

Model A T Hippchen et al Phys Rev C 44 1323 (1991)

50 100 150 200 250 T (MeV) 50 100 150 200 T (MeV)

005

010

015

020

P

005

010

015

020

P

2 beam lifetimesΨacc=10-50 mrad

3 beam lifetimesΨacc=20 mrad

Spin Workshop 05 Dubna M Contalbrigo - INFN Ferrara 38

SMILESMILE SSpin pin MMeasurements easurements

in in IInteractions at nteractions at LLow ow EEnergy nergy

bull Study of spin-filtering process

bull Electromagnetic interaction unpolarized protons on polarized internal target at COSY

bull Hadronic interaction unpolarized antiprotons on polarized internal target at AD (CERN)

From COSY to FAIRhellipFrom COSY to FAIRhellip

Spin Workshop 05 Dubna M Contalbrigo - INFN Ferrara 39

OutlineOutlinebull Introduction

ndash Physics Casendash The FAIR project

bull PAX Accelerator Setupndash Stagingndash Antiproton Polarizer Ringndash Asymmetric Antiproton-Proton Collider

bull Experimentndash Conceptual Detector Designndash Preliminary Results for Drell-Yan Studiesndash Rate estimates

Spin Workshop 05 Dubna M Contalbrigo - INFN Ferrara 40

RINGS SETUP RINGS SETUP

asymmetric collider L = 2∙1030 cm-2s-1

Spin Workshop 05 Dubna M Contalbrigo - INFN Ferrara 41

OutlineOutlinebull Introduction

ndash Physics Casendash The FAIR project

bull PAX Accelerator Setupndash Stagingndash Antiproton Polarizer Ringndash Asymmetric Antiproton-Proton Collider

bull Experimentndash Conceptual Detector Designndash Preliminary Results for Drell-Yan Studiesndash Rate estimates

Spin Workshop 05 Dubna M Contalbrigo - INFN Ferrara 42

PAX Detector Concept PAX Detector Concept

Physics h1 distribution sin2 EMFF sin2

pbar-p elastic high |t|

Magnet Keeps beam polarization vertical Compatible with Cerenkov Compatible with polarized target

Detector Extremely rare DY signal (10-7 p-pbar) Maximum Bjorken-x coverage (M interval) Excellent PID (hadrone rejection ~ 104) High mass resolution (le2 )

Moderate lepton energies (05-5 GeV)

Azimuthally SymmetricBARREL GEOMETRY

LARGE ANGLES

Experiment Flexible Facility

TOROIDNO FRINGE FIELD

e+e-

Spin Workshop 05 Dubna M Contalbrigo - INFN Ferrara 43

PAX Detector Concept PAX Detector Concept

Designed for Collider but compatible with fixed target

Cerenkov(200 m)

(20 m)

GEANT simulation

Spin Workshop 05 Dubna M Contalbrigo - INFN Ferrara 44

OutlineOutlinebull Introduction

ndash Physics Casendash The FAIR project

bull PAX Accelerator Setupndash Stagingndash Antiproton Polarizer Ringndash Asymmetric Antiproton-Proton Collider

bull Experimentndash Conceptual Detector Designndash Preliminary Results for Drell-Yan Studiesndash Rate estimates

Spin Workshop 05 Dubna M Contalbrigo - INFN Ferrara 45

-p Phase Space-p Phase Space

Background peaks at low energy forward direction

acceptance

Spin Workshop 05 Dubna M Contalbrigo - INFN Ferrara 46

Background to Drell-Yan eBackground to Drell-Yan e++ee--

frac12 hour experiment 2∙108 p-pbar interactions several DY events

combinatorial+charm bckg

Background 11 to signal after PID Egt300 MeV conversion veto mass cut the combinatorial component can be subtracted (wrong-sign control sample) the charm can be reduced (vertex decay)

+-++ amp --

Spin Workshop 05 Dubna M Contalbrigo - INFN Ferrara 47

-p Phase Space-p Phase Space

Vertex resolution high enoughto study charm background

Better than 2 mass resol x dependence of h1

resonance vs continuum

Mandatory to study M below Jψ mass

Spin Workshop 05 Dubna M Contalbrigo - INFN Ferrara 48

OutlineOutlinebull Introduction

ndash Physics Casendash The FAIR project

bull PAX Accelerator Setupndash Stagingndash Antiproton Polarizer Ringndash Asymmetric Antiproton-Proton Collider

bull Experimentndash Conceptual Detector Designndash Preliminary Results for Drell-Yan Studiesndash Rate estimates

Spin Workshop 05 Dubna M Contalbrigo - INFN Ferrara 49

10 precision on the h1u (x) in the valence region

1 year of data taking at 15+35 GeV collider L = 2∙1030 cm-2s-1

Precision in hPrecision in h11 measurement measurement

Spin Workshop 05 Dubna M Contalbrigo - INFN Ferrara 50

Summary

bull PAX project has an innovative spin physics program transversity SSA EMFF hard p-pbar scatterings

bull A method to obtain an antiproton beam with high degree of polarization has to be optimized (APR)

bull PAX viable accelerator setup provides fexible 2nd IP really matched to the physics items lots of interesting QCD physics in PAX Phase-I asymmetric collider ideal to map transversity (Phase-II)

Spin Workshop 05 Dubna M Contalbrigo - INFN Ferrara 51

Background to Drell-Yan eBackground to Drell-Yan e++ee--

frac12 hour experiment 2∙108 p-pbar interactions several DY events

combinatorial+charm bckg

Background 11 to signal after PID Egt300 MeV conversion veto mass cut the combinatorial component can be subtracted (wrong-sign control sample) the charm can be reduced (vertex decay)

+-++ amp --

Spin Workshop 05 Dubna M Contalbrigo - INFN Ferrara 52

PAX Integrated Luminosities for Physics PAX Integrated Luminosities for Physics CasesCases

pb-1

fb-1

Inte

gra

ted

Lu

min

osi

ty

EMFF DSA s=376 GeV2

ppbar elastic DSA t=4 GeV2

Phase-I L=151031 cm-2s-1

Antiproton Beam Polarization Ppbar=03 Proton Polarization Pp=08

Phase-II L=21030 cm-2s-1

EMFF DSA s=9 GeV2

Absolute Error ΔDSA=005

h1 DSA Mgt2 GeV Δ=10

h1 DSA Mgt4 GeV Δ=20

(1 y)

(4 y)(1 y)

Spin Workshop 05 Dubna M Contalbrigo - INFN Ferrara 53

q q

q qqqqq

TTTT xqxqxqxqe

xhxhxhxheaA

)()()()(

)()()()(ˆ

dd

dd

21212

211121112

Barone Calarco Drago

Martin Schaumlfer Stratmann Vogelsang

h1 from p-p Drell-Yan at RICHU70

h1q (x Q2) small and with much slower evolution than

Δq(x Q2) and q(x Q2) at small x

h1q (x Q2)- h1q (x Q2)ne

RHIC τ=x1x2~10-3 rarr sea quarks (ATT very small ~ 001 )

3102 RICH energies 22 GeV 100 GeV 200 Ms

  • PAX Polarized Antiproton eXperiments
  • PAX Collaboration
  • Slide 3
  • Outline
  • Slide 5
  • Slide 6
  • Slide 7
  • Slide 8
  • Slide 9
  • Slide 10
  • Slide 11
  • Slide 12
  • Slide 13
  • Slide 14
  • Slide 15
  • Slide 16
  • Slide 17
  • Slide 18
  • pp Elastic Scattering from ZGS
  • Slide 20
  • Proton Electromagnetic Formfactors
  • Slide 22
  • Slide 23
  • Slide 24
  • Slide 25
  • Slide 26
  • PAX Accelerator Setup
  • Slide 28
  • Slide 29
  • Slide 30
  • Slide 31
  • Slide 32
  • Slide 33
  • Slide 34
  • Slide 35
  • Slide 36
  • Slide 37
  • SMILE Spin Measurements in Interactions at Low Energy
  • Slide 39
  • Slide 40
  • Slide 41
  • Slide 42
  • Slide 43
  • Slide 44
  • Slide 45
  • Slide 46
  • Slide 47
  • Slide 48
  • Slide 49
  • Summary
  • Slide 51
  • PAX Integrated Luminosities for Physics Cases
  • Slide 53
Page 38: PAX Polarized Antiproton eXperiments

Spin Workshop 05 Dubna M Contalbrigo - INFN Ferrara 38

SMILESMILE SSpin pin MMeasurements easurements

in in IInteractions at nteractions at LLow ow EEnergy nergy

bull Study of spin-filtering process

bull Electromagnetic interaction unpolarized protons on polarized internal target at COSY

bull Hadronic interaction unpolarized antiprotons on polarized internal target at AD (CERN)

From COSY to FAIRhellipFrom COSY to FAIRhellip

Spin Workshop 05 Dubna M Contalbrigo - INFN Ferrara 39

OutlineOutlinebull Introduction

ndash Physics Casendash The FAIR project

bull PAX Accelerator Setupndash Stagingndash Antiproton Polarizer Ringndash Asymmetric Antiproton-Proton Collider

bull Experimentndash Conceptual Detector Designndash Preliminary Results for Drell-Yan Studiesndash Rate estimates

Spin Workshop 05 Dubna M Contalbrigo - INFN Ferrara 40

RINGS SETUP RINGS SETUP

asymmetric collider L = 2∙1030 cm-2s-1

Spin Workshop 05 Dubna M Contalbrigo - INFN Ferrara 41

OutlineOutlinebull Introduction

ndash Physics Casendash The FAIR project

bull PAX Accelerator Setupndash Stagingndash Antiproton Polarizer Ringndash Asymmetric Antiproton-Proton Collider

bull Experimentndash Conceptual Detector Designndash Preliminary Results for Drell-Yan Studiesndash Rate estimates

Spin Workshop 05 Dubna M Contalbrigo - INFN Ferrara 42

PAX Detector Concept PAX Detector Concept

Physics h1 distribution sin2 EMFF sin2

pbar-p elastic high |t|

Magnet Keeps beam polarization vertical Compatible with Cerenkov Compatible with polarized target

Detector Extremely rare DY signal (10-7 p-pbar) Maximum Bjorken-x coverage (M interval) Excellent PID (hadrone rejection ~ 104) High mass resolution (le2 )

Moderate lepton energies (05-5 GeV)

Azimuthally SymmetricBARREL GEOMETRY

LARGE ANGLES

Experiment Flexible Facility

TOROIDNO FRINGE FIELD

e+e-

Spin Workshop 05 Dubna M Contalbrigo - INFN Ferrara 43

PAX Detector Concept PAX Detector Concept

Designed for Collider but compatible with fixed target

Cerenkov(200 m)

(20 m)

GEANT simulation

Spin Workshop 05 Dubna M Contalbrigo - INFN Ferrara 44

OutlineOutlinebull Introduction

ndash Physics Casendash The FAIR project

bull PAX Accelerator Setupndash Stagingndash Antiproton Polarizer Ringndash Asymmetric Antiproton-Proton Collider

bull Experimentndash Conceptual Detector Designndash Preliminary Results for Drell-Yan Studiesndash Rate estimates

Spin Workshop 05 Dubna M Contalbrigo - INFN Ferrara 45

-p Phase Space-p Phase Space

Background peaks at low energy forward direction

acceptance

Spin Workshop 05 Dubna M Contalbrigo - INFN Ferrara 46

Background to Drell-Yan eBackground to Drell-Yan e++ee--

frac12 hour experiment 2∙108 p-pbar interactions several DY events

combinatorial+charm bckg

Background 11 to signal after PID Egt300 MeV conversion veto mass cut the combinatorial component can be subtracted (wrong-sign control sample) the charm can be reduced (vertex decay)

+-++ amp --

Spin Workshop 05 Dubna M Contalbrigo - INFN Ferrara 47

-p Phase Space-p Phase Space

Vertex resolution high enoughto study charm background

Better than 2 mass resol x dependence of h1

resonance vs continuum

Mandatory to study M below Jψ mass

Spin Workshop 05 Dubna M Contalbrigo - INFN Ferrara 48

OutlineOutlinebull Introduction

ndash Physics Casendash The FAIR project

bull PAX Accelerator Setupndash Stagingndash Antiproton Polarizer Ringndash Asymmetric Antiproton-Proton Collider

bull Experimentndash Conceptual Detector Designndash Preliminary Results for Drell-Yan Studiesndash Rate estimates

Spin Workshop 05 Dubna M Contalbrigo - INFN Ferrara 49

10 precision on the h1u (x) in the valence region

1 year of data taking at 15+35 GeV collider L = 2∙1030 cm-2s-1

Precision in hPrecision in h11 measurement measurement

Spin Workshop 05 Dubna M Contalbrigo - INFN Ferrara 50

Summary

bull PAX project has an innovative spin physics program transversity SSA EMFF hard p-pbar scatterings

bull A method to obtain an antiproton beam with high degree of polarization has to be optimized (APR)

bull PAX viable accelerator setup provides fexible 2nd IP really matched to the physics items lots of interesting QCD physics in PAX Phase-I asymmetric collider ideal to map transversity (Phase-II)

Spin Workshop 05 Dubna M Contalbrigo - INFN Ferrara 51

Background to Drell-Yan eBackground to Drell-Yan e++ee--

frac12 hour experiment 2∙108 p-pbar interactions several DY events

combinatorial+charm bckg

Background 11 to signal after PID Egt300 MeV conversion veto mass cut the combinatorial component can be subtracted (wrong-sign control sample) the charm can be reduced (vertex decay)

+-++ amp --

Spin Workshop 05 Dubna M Contalbrigo - INFN Ferrara 52

PAX Integrated Luminosities for Physics PAX Integrated Luminosities for Physics CasesCases

pb-1

fb-1

Inte

gra

ted

Lu

min

osi

ty

EMFF DSA s=376 GeV2

ppbar elastic DSA t=4 GeV2

Phase-I L=151031 cm-2s-1

Antiproton Beam Polarization Ppbar=03 Proton Polarization Pp=08

Phase-II L=21030 cm-2s-1

EMFF DSA s=9 GeV2

Absolute Error ΔDSA=005

h1 DSA Mgt2 GeV Δ=10

h1 DSA Mgt4 GeV Δ=20

(1 y)

(4 y)(1 y)

Spin Workshop 05 Dubna M Contalbrigo - INFN Ferrara 53

q q

q qqqqq

TTTT xqxqxqxqe

xhxhxhxheaA

)()()()(

)()()()(ˆ

dd

dd

21212

211121112

Barone Calarco Drago

Martin Schaumlfer Stratmann Vogelsang

h1 from p-p Drell-Yan at RICHU70

h1q (x Q2) small and with much slower evolution than

Δq(x Q2) and q(x Q2) at small x

h1q (x Q2)- h1q (x Q2)ne

RHIC τ=x1x2~10-3 rarr sea quarks (ATT very small ~ 001 )

3102 RICH energies 22 GeV 100 GeV 200 Ms

  • PAX Polarized Antiproton eXperiments
  • PAX Collaboration
  • Slide 3
  • Outline
  • Slide 5
  • Slide 6
  • Slide 7
  • Slide 8
  • Slide 9
  • Slide 10
  • Slide 11
  • Slide 12
  • Slide 13
  • Slide 14
  • Slide 15
  • Slide 16
  • Slide 17
  • Slide 18
  • pp Elastic Scattering from ZGS
  • Slide 20
  • Proton Electromagnetic Formfactors
  • Slide 22
  • Slide 23
  • Slide 24
  • Slide 25
  • Slide 26
  • PAX Accelerator Setup
  • Slide 28
  • Slide 29
  • Slide 30
  • Slide 31
  • Slide 32
  • Slide 33
  • Slide 34
  • Slide 35
  • Slide 36
  • Slide 37
  • SMILE Spin Measurements in Interactions at Low Energy
  • Slide 39
  • Slide 40
  • Slide 41
  • Slide 42
  • Slide 43
  • Slide 44
  • Slide 45
  • Slide 46
  • Slide 47
  • Slide 48
  • Slide 49
  • Summary
  • Slide 51
  • PAX Integrated Luminosities for Physics Cases
  • Slide 53
Page 39: PAX Polarized Antiproton eXperiments

Spin Workshop 05 Dubna M Contalbrigo - INFN Ferrara 39

OutlineOutlinebull Introduction

ndash Physics Casendash The FAIR project

bull PAX Accelerator Setupndash Stagingndash Antiproton Polarizer Ringndash Asymmetric Antiproton-Proton Collider

bull Experimentndash Conceptual Detector Designndash Preliminary Results for Drell-Yan Studiesndash Rate estimates

Spin Workshop 05 Dubna M Contalbrigo - INFN Ferrara 40

RINGS SETUP RINGS SETUP

asymmetric collider L = 2∙1030 cm-2s-1

Spin Workshop 05 Dubna M Contalbrigo - INFN Ferrara 41

OutlineOutlinebull Introduction

ndash Physics Casendash The FAIR project

bull PAX Accelerator Setupndash Stagingndash Antiproton Polarizer Ringndash Asymmetric Antiproton-Proton Collider

bull Experimentndash Conceptual Detector Designndash Preliminary Results for Drell-Yan Studiesndash Rate estimates

Spin Workshop 05 Dubna M Contalbrigo - INFN Ferrara 42

PAX Detector Concept PAX Detector Concept

Physics h1 distribution sin2 EMFF sin2

pbar-p elastic high |t|

Magnet Keeps beam polarization vertical Compatible with Cerenkov Compatible with polarized target

Detector Extremely rare DY signal (10-7 p-pbar) Maximum Bjorken-x coverage (M interval) Excellent PID (hadrone rejection ~ 104) High mass resolution (le2 )

Moderate lepton energies (05-5 GeV)

Azimuthally SymmetricBARREL GEOMETRY

LARGE ANGLES

Experiment Flexible Facility

TOROIDNO FRINGE FIELD

e+e-

Spin Workshop 05 Dubna M Contalbrigo - INFN Ferrara 43

PAX Detector Concept PAX Detector Concept

Designed for Collider but compatible with fixed target

Cerenkov(200 m)

(20 m)

GEANT simulation

Spin Workshop 05 Dubna M Contalbrigo - INFN Ferrara 44

OutlineOutlinebull Introduction

ndash Physics Casendash The FAIR project

bull PAX Accelerator Setupndash Stagingndash Antiproton Polarizer Ringndash Asymmetric Antiproton-Proton Collider

bull Experimentndash Conceptual Detector Designndash Preliminary Results for Drell-Yan Studiesndash Rate estimates

Spin Workshop 05 Dubna M Contalbrigo - INFN Ferrara 45

-p Phase Space-p Phase Space

Background peaks at low energy forward direction

acceptance

Spin Workshop 05 Dubna M Contalbrigo - INFN Ferrara 46

Background to Drell-Yan eBackground to Drell-Yan e++ee--

frac12 hour experiment 2∙108 p-pbar interactions several DY events

combinatorial+charm bckg

Background 11 to signal after PID Egt300 MeV conversion veto mass cut the combinatorial component can be subtracted (wrong-sign control sample) the charm can be reduced (vertex decay)

+-++ amp --

Spin Workshop 05 Dubna M Contalbrigo - INFN Ferrara 47

-p Phase Space-p Phase Space

Vertex resolution high enoughto study charm background

Better than 2 mass resol x dependence of h1

resonance vs continuum

Mandatory to study M below Jψ mass

Spin Workshop 05 Dubna M Contalbrigo - INFN Ferrara 48

OutlineOutlinebull Introduction

ndash Physics Casendash The FAIR project

bull PAX Accelerator Setupndash Stagingndash Antiproton Polarizer Ringndash Asymmetric Antiproton-Proton Collider

bull Experimentndash Conceptual Detector Designndash Preliminary Results for Drell-Yan Studiesndash Rate estimates

Spin Workshop 05 Dubna M Contalbrigo - INFN Ferrara 49

10 precision on the h1u (x) in the valence region

1 year of data taking at 15+35 GeV collider L = 2∙1030 cm-2s-1

Precision in hPrecision in h11 measurement measurement

Spin Workshop 05 Dubna M Contalbrigo - INFN Ferrara 50

Summary

bull PAX project has an innovative spin physics program transversity SSA EMFF hard p-pbar scatterings

bull A method to obtain an antiproton beam with high degree of polarization has to be optimized (APR)

bull PAX viable accelerator setup provides fexible 2nd IP really matched to the physics items lots of interesting QCD physics in PAX Phase-I asymmetric collider ideal to map transversity (Phase-II)

Spin Workshop 05 Dubna M Contalbrigo - INFN Ferrara 51

Background to Drell-Yan eBackground to Drell-Yan e++ee--

frac12 hour experiment 2∙108 p-pbar interactions several DY events

combinatorial+charm bckg

Background 11 to signal after PID Egt300 MeV conversion veto mass cut the combinatorial component can be subtracted (wrong-sign control sample) the charm can be reduced (vertex decay)

+-++ amp --

Spin Workshop 05 Dubna M Contalbrigo - INFN Ferrara 52

PAX Integrated Luminosities for Physics PAX Integrated Luminosities for Physics CasesCases

pb-1

fb-1

Inte

gra

ted

Lu

min

osi

ty

EMFF DSA s=376 GeV2

ppbar elastic DSA t=4 GeV2

Phase-I L=151031 cm-2s-1

Antiproton Beam Polarization Ppbar=03 Proton Polarization Pp=08

Phase-II L=21030 cm-2s-1

EMFF DSA s=9 GeV2

Absolute Error ΔDSA=005

h1 DSA Mgt2 GeV Δ=10

h1 DSA Mgt4 GeV Δ=20

(1 y)

(4 y)(1 y)

Spin Workshop 05 Dubna M Contalbrigo - INFN Ferrara 53

q q

q qqqqq

TTTT xqxqxqxqe

xhxhxhxheaA

)()()()(

)()()()(ˆ

dd

dd

21212

211121112

Barone Calarco Drago

Martin Schaumlfer Stratmann Vogelsang

h1 from p-p Drell-Yan at RICHU70

h1q (x Q2) small and with much slower evolution than

Δq(x Q2) and q(x Q2) at small x

h1q (x Q2)- h1q (x Q2)ne

RHIC τ=x1x2~10-3 rarr sea quarks (ATT very small ~ 001 )

3102 RICH energies 22 GeV 100 GeV 200 Ms

  • PAX Polarized Antiproton eXperiments
  • PAX Collaboration
  • Slide 3
  • Outline
  • Slide 5
  • Slide 6
  • Slide 7
  • Slide 8
  • Slide 9
  • Slide 10
  • Slide 11
  • Slide 12
  • Slide 13
  • Slide 14
  • Slide 15
  • Slide 16
  • Slide 17
  • Slide 18
  • pp Elastic Scattering from ZGS
  • Slide 20
  • Proton Electromagnetic Formfactors
  • Slide 22
  • Slide 23
  • Slide 24
  • Slide 25
  • Slide 26
  • PAX Accelerator Setup
  • Slide 28
  • Slide 29
  • Slide 30
  • Slide 31
  • Slide 32
  • Slide 33
  • Slide 34
  • Slide 35
  • Slide 36
  • Slide 37
  • SMILE Spin Measurements in Interactions at Low Energy
  • Slide 39
  • Slide 40
  • Slide 41
  • Slide 42
  • Slide 43
  • Slide 44
  • Slide 45
  • Slide 46
  • Slide 47
  • Slide 48
  • Slide 49
  • Summary
  • Slide 51
  • PAX Integrated Luminosities for Physics Cases
  • Slide 53
Page 40: PAX Polarized Antiproton eXperiments

Spin Workshop 05 Dubna M Contalbrigo - INFN Ferrara 40

RINGS SETUP RINGS SETUP

asymmetric collider L = 2∙1030 cm-2s-1

Spin Workshop 05 Dubna M Contalbrigo - INFN Ferrara 41

OutlineOutlinebull Introduction

ndash Physics Casendash The FAIR project

bull PAX Accelerator Setupndash Stagingndash Antiproton Polarizer Ringndash Asymmetric Antiproton-Proton Collider

bull Experimentndash Conceptual Detector Designndash Preliminary Results for Drell-Yan Studiesndash Rate estimates

Spin Workshop 05 Dubna M Contalbrigo - INFN Ferrara 42

PAX Detector Concept PAX Detector Concept

Physics h1 distribution sin2 EMFF sin2

pbar-p elastic high |t|

Magnet Keeps beam polarization vertical Compatible with Cerenkov Compatible with polarized target

Detector Extremely rare DY signal (10-7 p-pbar) Maximum Bjorken-x coverage (M interval) Excellent PID (hadrone rejection ~ 104) High mass resolution (le2 )

Moderate lepton energies (05-5 GeV)

Azimuthally SymmetricBARREL GEOMETRY

LARGE ANGLES

Experiment Flexible Facility

TOROIDNO FRINGE FIELD

e+e-

Spin Workshop 05 Dubna M Contalbrigo - INFN Ferrara 43

PAX Detector Concept PAX Detector Concept

Designed for Collider but compatible with fixed target

Cerenkov(200 m)

(20 m)

GEANT simulation

Spin Workshop 05 Dubna M Contalbrigo - INFN Ferrara 44

OutlineOutlinebull Introduction

ndash Physics Casendash The FAIR project

bull PAX Accelerator Setupndash Stagingndash Antiproton Polarizer Ringndash Asymmetric Antiproton-Proton Collider

bull Experimentndash Conceptual Detector Designndash Preliminary Results for Drell-Yan Studiesndash Rate estimates

Spin Workshop 05 Dubna M Contalbrigo - INFN Ferrara 45

-p Phase Space-p Phase Space

Background peaks at low energy forward direction

acceptance

Spin Workshop 05 Dubna M Contalbrigo - INFN Ferrara 46

Background to Drell-Yan eBackground to Drell-Yan e++ee--

frac12 hour experiment 2∙108 p-pbar interactions several DY events

combinatorial+charm bckg

Background 11 to signal after PID Egt300 MeV conversion veto mass cut the combinatorial component can be subtracted (wrong-sign control sample) the charm can be reduced (vertex decay)

+-++ amp --

Spin Workshop 05 Dubna M Contalbrigo - INFN Ferrara 47

-p Phase Space-p Phase Space

Vertex resolution high enoughto study charm background

Better than 2 mass resol x dependence of h1

resonance vs continuum

Mandatory to study M below Jψ mass

Spin Workshop 05 Dubna M Contalbrigo - INFN Ferrara 48

OutlineOutlinebull Introduction

ndash Physics Casendash The FAIR project

bull PAX Accelerator Setupndash Stagingndash Antiproton Polarizer Ringndash Asymmetric Antiproton-Proton Collider

bull Experimentndash Conceptual Detector Designndash Preliminary Results for Drell-Yan Studiesndash Rate estimates

Spin Workshop 05 Dubna M Contalbrigo - INFN Ferrara 49

10 precision on the h1u (x) in the valence region

1 year of data taking at 15+35 GeV collider L = 2∙1030 cm-2s-1

Precision in hPrecision in h11 measurement measurement

Spin Workshop 05 Dubna M Contalbrigo - INFN Ferrara 50

Summary

bull PAX project has an innovative spin physics program transversity SSA EMFF hard p-pbar scatterings

bull A method to obtain an antiproton beam with high degree of polarization has to be optimized (APR)

bull PAX viable accelerator setup provides fexible 2nd IP really matched to the physics items lots of interesting QCD physics in PAX Phase-I asymmetric collider ideal to map transversity (Phase-II)

Spin Workshop 05 Dubna M Contalbrigo - INFN Ferrara 51

Background to Drell-Yan eBackground to Drell-Yan e++ee--

frac12 hour experiment 2∙108 p-pbar interactions several DY events

combinatorial+charm bckg

Background 11 to signal after PID Egt300 MeV conversion veto mass cut the combinatorial component can be subtracted (wrong-sign control sample) the charm can be reduced (vertex decay)

+-++ amp --

Spin Workshop 05 Dubna M Contalbrigo - INFN Ferrara 52

PAX Integrated Luminosities for Physics PAX Integrated Luminosities for Physics CasesCases

pb-1

fb-1

Inte

gra

ted

Lu

min

osi

ty

EMFF DSA s=376 GeV2

ppbar elastic DSA t=4 GeV2

Phase-I L=151031 cm-2s-1

Antiproton Beam Polarization Ppbar=03 Proton Polarization Pp=08

Phase-II L=21030 cm-2s-1

EMFF DSA s=9 GeV2

Absolute Error ΔDSA=005

h1 DSA Mgt2 GeV Δ=10

h1 DSA Mgt4 GeV Δ=20

(1 y)

(4 y)(1 y)

Spin Workshop 05 Dubna M Contalbrigo - INFN Ferrara 53

q q

q qqqqq

TTTT xqxqxqxqe

xhxhxhxheaA

)()()()(

)()()()(ˆ

dd

dd

21212

211121112

Barone Calarco Drago

Martin Schaumlfer Stratmann Vogelsang

h1 from p-p Drell-Yan at RICHU70

h1q (x Q2) small and with much slower evolution than

Δq(x Q2) and q(x Q2) at small x

h1q (x Q2)- h1q (x Q2)ne

RHIC τ=x1x2~10-3 rarr sea quarks (ATT very small ~ 001 )

3102 RICH energies 22 GeV 100 GeV 200 Ms

  • PAX Polarized Antiproton eXperiments
  • PAX Collaboration
  • Slide 3
  • Outline
  • Slide 5
  • Slide 6
  • Slide 7
  • Slide 8
  • Slide 9
  • Slide 10
  • Slide 11
  • Slide 12
  • Slide 13
  • Slide 14
  • Slide 15
  • Slide 16
  • Slide 17
  • Slide 18
  • pp Elastic Scattering from ZGS
  • Slide 20
  • Proton Electromagnetic Formfactors
  • Slide 22
  • Slide 23
  • Slide 24
  • Slide 25
  • Slide 26
  • PAX Accelerator Setup
  • Slide 28
  • Slide 29
  • Slide 30
  • Slide 31
  • Slide 32
  • Slide 33
  • Slide 34
  • Slide 35
  • Slide 36
  • Slide 37
  • SMILE Spin Measurements in Interactions at Low Energy
  • Slide 39
  • Slide 40
  • Slide 41
  • Slide 42
  • Slide 43
  • Slide 44
  • Slide 45
  • Slide 46
  • Slide 47
  • Slide 48
  • Slide 49
  • Summary
  • Slide 51
  • PAX Integrated Luminosities for Physics Cases
  • Slide 53
Page 41: PAX Polarized Antiproton eXperiments

Spin Workshop 05 Dubna M Contalbrigo - INFN Ferrara 41

OutlineOutlinebull Introduction

ndash Physics Casendash The FAIR project

bull PAX Accelerator Setupndash Stagingndash Antiproton Polarizer Ringndash Asymmetric Antiproton-Proton Collider

bull Experimentndash Conceptual Detector Designndash Preliminary Results for Drell-Yan Studiesndash Rate estimates

Spin Workshop 05 Dubna M Contalbrigo - INFN Ferrara 42

PAX Detector Concept PAX Detector Concept

Physics h1 distribution sin2 EMFF sin2

pbar-p elastic high |t|

Magnet Keeps beam polarization vertical Compatible with Cerenkov Compatible with polarized target

Detector Extremely rare DY signal (10-7 p-pbar) Maximum Bjorken-x coverage (M interval) Excellent PID (hadrone rejection ~ 104) High mass resolution (le2 )

Moderate lepton energies (05-5 GeV)

Azimuthally SymmetricBARREL GEOMETRY

LARGE ANGLES

Experiment Flexible Facility

TOROIDNO FRINGE FIELD

e+e-

Spin Workshop 05 Dubna M Contalbrigo - INFN Ferrara 43

PAX Detector Concept PAX Detector Concept

Designed for Collider but compatible with fixed target

Cerenkov(200 m)

(20 m)

GEANT simulation

Spin Workshop 05 Dubna M Contalbrigo - INFN Ferrara 44

OutlineOutlinebull Introduction

ndash Physics Casendash The FAIR project

bull PAX Accelerator Setupndash Stagingndash Antiproton Polarizer Ringndash Asymmetric Antiproton-Proton Collider

bull Experimentndash Conceptual Detector Designndash Preliminary Results for Drell-Yan Studiesndash Rate estimates

Spin Workshop 05 Dubna M Contalbrigo - INFN Ferrara 45

-p Phase Space-p Phase Space

Background peaks at low energy forward direction

acceptance

Spin Workshop 05 Dubna M Contalbrigo - INFN Ferrara 46

Background to Drell-Yan eBackground to Drell-Yan e++ee--

frac12 hour experiment 2∙108 p-pbar interactions several DY events

combinatorial+charm bckg

Background 11 to signal after PID Egt300 MeV conversion veto mass cut the combinatorial component can be subtracted (wrong-sign control sample) the charm can be reduced (vertex decay)

+-++ amp --

Spin Workshop 05 Dubna M Contalbrigo - INFN Ferrara 47

-p Phase Space-p Phase Space

Vertex resolution high enoughto study charm background

Better than 2 mass resol x dependence of h1

resonance vs continuum

Mandatory to study M below Jψ mass

Spin Workshop 05 Dubna M Contalbrigo - INFN Ferrara 48

OutlineOutlinebull Introduction

ndash Physics Casendash The FAIR project

bull PAX Accelerator Setupndash Stagingndash Antiproton Polarizer Ringndash Asymmetric Antiproton-Proton Collider

bull Experimentndash Conceptual Detector Designndash Preliminary Results for Drell-Yan Studiesndash Rate estimates

Spin Workshop 05 Dubna M Contalbrigo - INFN Ferrara 49

10 precision on the h1u (x) in the valence region

1 year of data taking at 15+35 GeV collider L = 2∙1030 cm-2s-1

Precision in hPrecision in h11 measurement measurement

Spin Workshop 05 Dubna M Contalbrigo - INFN Ferrara 50

Summary

bull PAX project has an innovative spin physics program transversity SSA EMFF hard p-pbar scatterings

bull A method to obtain an antiproton beam with high degree of polarization has to be optimized (APR)

bull PAX viable accelerator setup provides fexible 2nd IP really matched to the physics items lots of interesting QCD physics in PAX Phase-I asymmetric collider ideal to map transversity (Phase-II)

Spin Workshop 05 Dubna M Contalbrigo - INFN Ferrara 51

Background to Drell-Yan eBackground to Drell-Yan e++ee--

frac12 hour experiment 2∙108 p-pbar interactions several DY events

combinatorial+charm bckg

Background 11 to signal after PID Egt300 MeV conversion veto mass cut the combinatorial component can be subtracted (wrong-sign control sample) the charm can be reduced (vertex decay)

+-++ amp --

Spin Workshop 05 Dubna M Contalbrigo - INFN Ferrara 52

PAX Integrated Luminosities for Physics PAX Integrated Luminosities for Physics CasesCases

pb-1

fb-1

Inte

gra

ted

Lu

min

osi

ty

EMFF DSA s=376 GeV2

ppbar elastic DSA t=4 GeV2

Phase-I L=151031 cm-2s-1

Antiproton Beam Polarization Ppbar=03 Proton Polarization Pp=08

Phase-II L=21030 cm-2s-1

EMFF DSA s=9 GeV2

Absolute Error ΔDSA=005

h1 DSA Mgt2 GeV Δ=10

h1 DSA Mgt4 GeV Δ=20

(1 y)

(4 y)(1 y)

Spin Workshop 05 Dubna M Contalbrigo - INFN Ferrara 53

q q

q qqqqq

TTTT xqxqxqxqe

xhxhxhxheaA

)()()()(

)()()()(ˆ

dd

dd

21212

211121112

Barone Calarco Drago

Martin Schaumlfer Stratmann Vogelsang

h1 from p-p Drell-Yan at RICHU70

h1q (x Q2) small and with much slower evolution than

Δq(x Q2) and q(x Q2) at small x

h1q (x Q2)- h1q (x Q2)ne

RHIC τ=x1x2~10-3 rarr sea quarks (ATT very small ~ 001 )

3102 RICH energies 22 GeV 100 GeV 200 Ms

  • PAX Polarized Antiproton eXperiments
  • PAX Collaboration
  • Slide 3
  • Outline
  • Slide 5
  • Slide 6
  • Slide 7
  • Slide 8
  • Slide 9
  • Slide 10
  • Slide 11
  • Slide 12
  • Slide 13
  • Slide 14
  • Slide 15
  • Slide 16
  • Slide 17
  • Slide 18
  • pp Elastic Scattering from ZGS
  • Slide 20
  • Proton Electromagnetic Formfactors
  • Slide 22
  • Slide 23
  • Slide 24
  • Slide 25
  • Slide 26
  • PAX Accelerator Setup
  • Slide 28
  • Slide 29
  • Slide 30
  • Slide 31
  • Slide 32
  • Slide 33
  • Slide 34
  • Slide 35
  • Slide 36
  • Slide 37
  • SMILE Spin Measurements in Interactions at Low Energy
  • Slide 39
  • Slide 40
  • Slide 41
  • Slide 42
  • Slide 43
  • Slide 44
  • Slide 45
  • Slide 46
  • Slide 47
  • Slide 48
  • Slide 49
  • Summary
  • Slide 51
  • PAX Integrated Luminosities for Physics Cases
  • Slide 53
Page 42: PAX Polarized Antiproton eXperiments

Spin Workshop 05 Dubna M Contalbrigo - INFN Ferrara 42

PAX Detector Concept PAX Detector Concept

Physics h1 distribution sin2 EMFF sin2

pbar-p elastic high |t|

Magnet Keeps beam polarization vertical Compatible with Cerenkov Compatible with polarized target

Detector Extremely rare DY signal (10-7 p-pbar) Maximum Bjorken-x coverage (M interval) Excellent PID (hadrone rejection ~ 104) High mass resolution (le2 )

Moderate lepton energies (05-5 GeV)

Azimuthally SymmetricBARREL GEOMETRY

LARGE ANGLES

Experiment Flexible Facility

TOROIDNO FRINGE FIELD

e+e-

Spin Workshop 05 Dubna M Contalbrigo - INFN Ferrara 43

PAX Detector Concept PAX Detector Concept

Designed for Collider but compatible with fixed target

Cerenkov(200 m)

(20 m)

GEANT simulation

Spin Workshop 05 Dubna M Contalbrigo - INFN Ferrara 44

OutlineOutlinebull Introduction

ndash Physics Casendash The FAIR project

bull PAX Accelerator Setupndash Stagingndash Antiproton Polarizer Ringndash Asymmetric Antiproton-Proton Collider

bull Experimentndash Conceptual Detector Designndash Preliminary Results for Drell-Yan Studiesndash Rate estimates

Spin Workshop 05 Dubna M Contalbrigo - INFN Ferrara 45

-p Phase Space-p Phase Space

Background peaks at low energy forward direction

acceptance

Spin Workshop 05 Dubna M Contalbrigo - INFN Ferrara 46

Background to Drell-Yan eBackground to Drell-Yan e++ee--

frac12 hour experiment 2∙108 p-pbar interactions several DY events

combinatorial+charm bckg

Background 11 to signal after PID Egt300 MeV conversion veto mass cut the combinatorial component can be subtracted (wrong-sign control sample) the charm can be reduced (vertex decay)

+-++ amp --

Spin Workshop 05 Dubna M Contalbrigo - INFN Ferrara 47

-p Phase Space-p Phase Space

Vertex resolution high enoughto study charm background

Better than 2 mass resol x dependence of h1

resonance vs continuum

Mandatory to study M below Jψ mass

Spin Workshop 05 Dubna M Contalbrigo - INFN Ferrara 48

OutlineOutlinebull Introduction

ndash Physics Casendash The FAIR project

bull PAX Accelerator Setupndash Stagingndash Antiproton Polarizer Ringndash Asymmetric Antiproton-Proton Collider

bull Experimentndash Conceptual Detector Designndash Preliminary Results for Drell-Yan Studiesndash Rate estimates

Spin Workshop 05 Dubna M Contalbrigo - INFN Ferrara 49

10 precision on the h1u (x) in the valence region

1 year of data taking at 15+35 GeV collider L = 2∙1030 cm-2s-1

Precision in hPrecision in h11 measurement measurement

Spin Workshop 05 Dubna M Contalbrigo - INFN Ferrara 50

Summary

bull PAX project has an innovative spin physics program transversity SSA EMFF hard p-pbar scatterings

bull A method to obtain an antiproton beam with high degree of polarization has to be optimized (APR)

bull PAX viable accelerator setup provides fexible 2nd IP really matched to the physics items lots of interesting QCD physics in PAX Phase-I asymmetric collider ideal to map transversity (Phase-II)

Spin Workshop 05 Dubna M Contalbrigo - INFN Ferrara 51

Background to Drell-Yan eBackground to Drell-Yan e++ee--

frac12 hour experiment 2∙108 p-pbar interactions several DY events

combinatorial+charm bckg

Background 11 to signal after PID Egt300 MeV conversion veto mass cut the combinatorial component can be subtracted (wrong-sign control sample) the charm can be reduced (vertex decay)

+-++ amp --

Spin Workshop 05 Dubna M Contalbrigo - INFN Ferrara 52

PAX Integrated Luminosities for Physics PAX Integrated Luminosities for Physics CasesCases

pb-1

fb-1

Inte

gra

ted

Lu

min

osi

ty

EMFF DSA s=376 GeV2

ppbar elastic DSA t=4 GeV2

Phase-I L=151031 cm-2s-1

Antiproton Beam Polarization Ppbar=03 Proton Polarization Pp=08

Phase-II L=21030 cm-2s-1

EMFF DSA s=9 GeV2

Absolute Error ΔDSA=005

h1 DSA Mgt2 GeV Δ=10

h1 DSA Mgt4 GeV Δ=20

(1 y)

(4 y)(1 y)

Spin Workshop 05 Dubna M Contalbrigo - INFN Ferrara 53

q q

q qqqqq

TTTT xqxqxqxqe

xhxhxhxheaA

)()()()(

)()()()(ˆ

dd

dd

21212

211121112

Barone Calarco Drago

Martin Schaumlfer Stratmann Vogelsang

h1 from p-p Drell-Yan at RICHU70

h1q (x Q2) small and with much slower evolution than

Δq(x Q2) and q(x Q2) at small x

h1q (x Q2)- h1q (x Q2)ne

RHIC τ=x1x2~10-3 rarr sea quarks (ATT very small ~ 001 )

3102 RICH energies 22 GeV 100 GeV 200 Ms

  • PAX Polarized Antiproton eXperiments
  • PAX Collaboration
  • Slide 3
  • Outline
  • Slide 5
  • Slide 6
  • Slide 7
  • Slide 8
  • Slide 9
  • Slide 10
  • Slide 11
  • Slide 12
  • Slide 13
  • Slide 14
  • Slide 15
  • Slide 16
  • Slide 17
  • Slide 18
  • pp Elastic Scattering from ZGS
  • Slide 20
  • Proton Electromagnetic Formfactors
  • Slide 22
  • Slide 23
  • Slide 24
  • Slide 25
  • Slide 26
  • PAX Accelerator Setup
  • Slide 28
  • Slide 29
  • Slide 30
  • Slide 31
  • Slide 32
  • Slide 33
  • Slide 34
  • Slide 35
  • Slide 36
  • Slide 37
  • SMILE Spin Measurements in Interactions at Low Energy
  • Slide 39
  • Slide 40
  • Slide 41
  • Slide 42
  • Slide 43
  • Slide 44
  • Slide 45
  • Slide 46
  • Slide 47
  • Slide 48
  • Slide 49
  • Summary
  • Slide 51
  • PAX Integrated Luminosities for Physics Cases
  • Slide 53
Page 43: PAX Polarized Antiproton eXperiments

Spin Workshop 05 Dubna M Contalbrigo - INFN Ferrara 43

PAX Detector Concept PAX Detector Concept

Designed for Collider but compatible with fixed target

Cerenkov(200 m)

(20 m)

GEANT simulation

Spin Workshop 05 Dubna M Contalbrigo - INFN Ferrara 44

OutlineOutlinebull Introduction

ndash Physics Casendash The FAIR project

bull PAX Accelerator Setupndash Stagingndash Antiproton Polarizer Ringndash Asymmetric Antiproton-Proton Collider

bull Experimentndash Conceptual Detector Designndash Preliminary Results for Drell-Yan Studiesndash Rate estimates

Spin Workshop 05 Dubna M Contalbrigo - INFN Ferrara 45

-p Phase Space-p Phase Space

Background peaks at low energy forward direction

acceptance

Spin Workshop 05 Dubna M Contalbrigo - INFN Ferrara 46

Background to Drell-Yan eBackground to Drell-Yan e++ee--

frac12 hour experiment 2∙108 p-pbar interactions several DY events

combinatorial+charm bckg

Background 11 to signal after PID Egt300 MeV conversion veto mass cut the combinatorial component can be subtracted (wrong-sign control sample) the charm can be reduced (vertex decay)

+-++ amp --

Spin Workshop 05 Dubna M Contalbrigo - INFN Ferrara 47

-p Phase Space-p Phase Space

Vertex resolution high enoughto study charm background

Better than 2 mass resol x dependence of h1

resonance vs continuum

Mandatory to study M below Jψ mass

Spin Workshop 05 Dubna M Contalbrigo - INFN Ferrara 48

OutlineOutlinebull Introduction

ndash Physics Casendash The FAIR project

bull PAX Accelerator Setupndash Stagingndash Antiproton Polarizer Ringndash Asymmetric Antiproton-Proton Collider

bull Experimentndash Conceptual Detector Designndash Preliminary Results for Drell-Yan Studiesndash Rate estimates

Spin Workshop 05 Dubna M Contalbrigo - INFN Ferrara 49

10 precision on the h1u (x) in the valence region

1 year of data taking at 15+35 GeV collider L = 2∙1030 cm-2s-1

Precision in hPrecision in h11 measurement measurement

Spin Workshop 05 Dubna M Contalbrigo - INFN Ferrara 50

Summary

bull PAX project has an innovative spin physics program transversity SSA EMFF hard p-pbar scatterings

bull A method to obtain an antiproton beam with high degree of polarization has to be optimized (APR)

bull PAX viable accelerator setup provides fexible 2nd IP really matched to the physics items lots of interesting QCD physics in PAX Phase-I asymmetric collider ideal to map transversity (Phase-II)

Spin Workshop 05 Dubna M Contalbrigo - INFN Ferrara 51

Background to Drell-Yan eBackground to Drell-Yan e++ee--

frac12 hour experiment 2∙108 p-pbar interactions several DY events

combinatorial+charm bckg

Background 11 to signal after PID Egt300 MeV conversion veto mass cut the combinatorial component can be subtracted (wrong-sign control sample) the charm can be reduced (vertex decay)

+-++ amp --

Spin Workshop 05 Dubna M Contalbrigo - INFN Ferrara 52

PAX Integrated Luminosities for Physics PAX Integrated Luminosities for Physics CasesCases

pb-1

fb-1

Inte

gra

ted

Lu

min

osi

ty

EMFF DSA s=376 GeV2

ppbar elastic DSA t=4 GeV2

Phase-I L=151031 cm-2s-1

Antiproton Beam Polarization Ppbar=03 Proton Polarization Pp=08

Phase-II L=21030 cm-2s-1

EMFF DSA s=9 GeV2

Absolute Error ΔDSA=005

h1 DSA Mgt2 GeV Δ=10

h1 DSA Mgt4 GeV Δ=20

(1 y)

(4 y)(1 y)

Spin Workshop 05 Dubna M Contalbrigo - INFN Ferrara 53

q q

q qqqqq

TTTT xqxqxqxqe

xhxhxhxheaA

)()()()(

)()()()(ˆ

dd

dd

21212

211121112

Barone Calarco Drago

Martin Schaumlfer Stratmann Vogelsang

h1 from p-p Drell-Yan at RICHU70

h1q (x Q2) small and with much slower evolution than

Δq(x Q2) and q(x Q2) at small x

h1q (x Q2)- h1q (x Q2)ne

RHIC τ=x1x2~10-3 rarr sea quarks (ATT very small ~ 001 )

3102 RICH energies 22 GeV 100 GeV 200 Ms

  • PAX Polarized Antiproton eXperiments
  • PAX Collaboration
  • Slide 3
  • Outline
  • Slide 5
  • Slide 6
  • Slide 7
  • Slide 8
  • Slide 9
  • Slide 10
  • Slide 11
  • Slide 12
  • Slide 13
  • Slide 14
  • Slide 15
  • Slide 16
  • Slide 17
  • Slide 18
  • pp Elastic Scattering from ZGS
  • Slide 20
  • Proton Electromagnetic Formfactors
  • Slide 22
  • Slide 23
  • Slide 24
  • Slide 25
  • Slide 26
  • PAX Accelerator Setup
  • Slide 28
  • Slide 29
  • Slide 30
  • Slide 31
  • Slide 32
  • Slide 33
  • Slide 34
  • Slide 35
  • Slide 36
  • Slide 37
  • SMILE Spin Measurements in Interactions at Low Energy
  • Slide 39
  • Slide 40
  • Slide 41
  • Slide 42
  • Slide 43
  • Slide 44
  • Slide 45
  • Slide 46
  • Slide 47
  • Slide 48
  • Slide 49
  • Summary
  • Slide 51
  • PAX Integrated Luminosities for Physics Cases
  • Slide 53
Page 44: PAX Polarized Antiproton eXperiments

Spin Workshop 05 Dubna M Contalbrigo - INFN Ferrara 44

OutlineOutlinebull Introduction

ndash Physics Casendash The FAIR project

bull PAX Accelerator Setupndash Stagingndash Antiproton Polarizer Ringndash Asymmetric Antiproton-Proton Collider

bull Experimentndash Conceptual Detector Designndash Preliminary Results for Drell-Yan Studiesndash Rate estimates

Spin Workshop 05 Dubna M Contalbrigo - INFN Ferrara 45

-p Phase Space-p Phase Space

Background peaks at low energy forward direction

acceptance

Spin Workshop 05 Dubna M Contalbrigo - INFN Ferrara 46

Background to Drell-Yan eBackground to Drell-Yan e++ee--

frac12 hour experiment 2∙108 p-pbar interactions several DY events

combinatorial+charm bckg

Background 11 to signal after PID Egt300 MeV conversion veto mass cut the combinatorial component can be subtracted (wrong-sign control sample) the charm can be reduced (vertex decay)

+-++ amp --

Spin Workshop 05 Dubna M Contalbrigo - INFN Ferrara 47

-p Phase Space-p Phase Space

Vertex resolution high enoughto study charm background

Better than 2 mass resol x dependence of h1

resonance vs continuum

Mandatory to study M below Jψ mass

Spin Workshop 05 Dubna M Contalbrigo - INFN Ferrara 48

OutlineOutlinebull Introduction

ndash Physics Casendash The FAIR project

bull PAX Accelerator Setupndash Stagingndash Antiproton Polarizer Ringndash Asymmetric Antiproton-Proton Collider

bull Experimentndash Conceptual Detector Designndash Preliminary Results for Drell-Yan Studiesndash Rate estimates

Spin Workshop 05 Dubna M Contalbrigo - INFN Ferrara 49

10 precision on the h1u (x) in the valence region

1 year of data taking at 15+35 GeV collider L = 2∙1030 cm-2s-1

Precision in hPrecision in h11 measurement measurement

Spin Workshop 05 Dubna M Contalbrigo - INFN Ferrara 50

Summary

bull PAX project has an innovative spin physics program transversity SSA EMFF hard p-pbar scatterings

bull A method to obtain an antiproton beam with high degree of polarization has to be optimized (APR)

bull PAX viable accelerator setup provides fexible 2nd IP really matched to the physics items lots of interesting QCD physics in PAX Phase-I asymmetric collider ideal to map transversity (Phase-II)

Spin Workshop 05 Dubna M Contalbrigo - INFN Ferrara 51

Background to Drell-Yan eBackground to Drell-Yan e++ee--

frac12 hour experiment 2∙108 p-pbar interactions several DY events

combinatorial+charm bckg

Background 11 to signal after PID Egt300 MeV conversion veto mass cut the combinatorial component can be subtracted (wrong-sign control sample) the charm can be reduced (vertex decay)

+-++ amp --

Spin Workshop 05 Dubna M Contalbrigo - INFN Ferrara 52

PAX Integrated Luminosities for Physics PAX Integrated Luminosities for Physics CasesCases

pb-1

fb-1

Inte

gra

ted

Lu

min

osi

ty

EMFF DSA s=376 GeV2

ppbar elastic DSA t=4 GeV2

Phase-I L=151031 cm-2s-1

Antiproton Beam Polarization Ppbar=03 Proton Polarization Pp=08

Phase-II L=21030 cm-2s-1

EMFF DSA s=9 GeV2

Absolute Error ΔDSA=005

h1 DSA Mgt2 GeV Δ=10

h1 DSA Mgt4 GeV Δ=20

(1 y)

(4 y)(1 y)

Spin Workshop 05 Dubna M Contalbrigo - INFN Ferrara 53

q q

q qqqqq

TTTT xqxqxqxqe

xhxhxhxheaA

)()()()(

)()()()(ˆ

dd

dd

21212

211121112

Barone Calarco Drago

Martin Schaumlfer Stratmann Vogelsang

h1 from p-p Drell-Yan at RICHU70

h1q (x Q2) small and with much slower evolution than

Δq(x Q2) and q(x Q2) at small x

h1q (x Q2)- h1q (x Q2)ne

RHIC τ=x1x2~10-3 rarr sea quarks (ATT very small ~ 001 )

3102 RICH energies 22 GeV 100 GeV 200 Ms

  • PAX Polarized Antiproton eXperiments
  • PAX Collaboration
  • Slide 3
  • Outline
  • Slide 5
  • Slide 6
  • Slide 7
  • Slide 8
  • Slide 9
  • Slide 10
  • Slide 11
  • Slide 12
  • Slide 13
  • Slide 14
  • Slide 15
  • Slide 16
  • Slide 17
  • Slide 18
  • pp Elastic Scattering from ZGS
  • Slide 20
  • Proton Electromagnetic Formfactors
  • Slide 22
  • Slide 23
  • Slide 24
  • Slide 25
  • Slide 26
  • PAX Accelerator Setup
  • Slide 28
  • Slide 29
  • Slide 30
  • Slide 31
  • Slide 32
  • Slide 33
  • Slide 34
  • Slide 35
  • Slide 36
  • Slide 37
  • SMILE Spin Measurements in Interactions at Low Energy
  • Slide 39
  • Slide 40
  • Slide 41
  • Slide 42
  • Slide 43
  • Slide 44
  • Slide 45
  • Slide 46
  • Slide 47
  • Slide 48
  • Slide 49
  • Summary
  • Slide 51
  • PAX Integrated Luminosities for Physics Cases
  • Slide 53
Page 45: PAX Polarized Antiproton eXperiments

Spin Workshop 05 Dubna M Contalbrigo - INFN Ferrara 45

-p Phase Space-p Phase Space

Background peaks at low energy forward direction

acceptance

Spin Workshop 05 Dubna M Contalbrigo - INFN Ferrara 46

Background to Drell-Yan eBackground to Drell-Yan e++ee--

frac12 hour experiment 2∙108 p-pbar interactions several DY events

combinatorial+charm bckg

Background 11 to signal after PID Egt300 MeV conversion veto mass cut the combinatorial component can be subtracted (wrong-sign control sample) the charm can be reduced (vertex decay)

+-++ amp --

Spin Workshop 05 Dubna M Contalbrigo - INFN Ferrara 47

-p Phase Space-p Phase Space

Vertex resolution high enoughto study charm background

Better than 2 mass resol x dependence of h1

resonance vs continuum

Mandatory to study M below Jψ mass

Spin Workshop 05 Dubna M Contalbrigo - INFN Ferrara 48

OutlineOutlinebull Introduction

ndash Physics Casendash The FAIR project

bull PAX Accelerator Setupndash Stagingndash Antiproton Polarizer Ringndash Asymmetric Antiproton-Proton Collider

bull Experimentndash Conceptual Detector Designndash Preliminary Results for Drell-Yan Studiesndash Rate estimates

Spin Workshop 05 Dubna M Contalbrigo - INFN Ferrara 49

10 precision on the h1u (x) in the valence region

1 year of data taking at 15+35 GeV collider L = 2∙1030 cm-2s-1

Precision in hPrecision in h11 measurement measurement

Spin Workshop 05 Dubna M Contalbrigo - INFN Ferrara 50

Summary

bull PAX project has an innovative spin physics program transversity SSA EMFF hard p-pbar scatterings

bull A method to obtain an antiproton beam with high degree of polarization has to be optimized (APR)

bull PAX viable accelerator setup provides fexible 2nd IP really matched to the physics items lots of interesting QCD physics in PAX Phase-I asymmetric collider ideal to map transversity (Phase-II)

Spin Workshop 05 Dubna M Contalbrigo - INFN Ferrara 51

Background to Drell-Yan eBackground to Drell-Yan e++ee--

frac12 hour experiment 2∙108 p-pbar interactions several DY events

combinatorial+charm bckg

Background 11 to signal after PID Egt300 MeV conversion veto mass cut the combinatorial component can be subtracted (wrong-sign control sample) the charm can be reduced (vertex decay)

+-++ amp --

Spin Workshop 05 Dubna M Contalbrigo - INFN Ferrara 52

PAX Integrated Luminosities for Physics PAX Integrated Luminosities for Physics CasesCases

pb-1

fb-1

Inte

gra

ted

Lu

min

osi

ty

EMFF DSA s=376 GeV2

ppbar elastic DSA t=4 GeV2

Phase-I L=151031 cm-2s-1

Antiproton Beam Polarization Ppbar=03 Proton Polarization Pp=08

Phase-II L=21030 cm-2s-1

EMFF DSA s=9 GeV2

Absolute Error ΔDSA=005

h1 DSA Mgt2 GeV Δ=10

h1 DSA Mgt4 GeV Δ=20

(1 y)

(4 y)(1 y)

Spin Workshop 05 Dubna M Contalbrigo - INFN Ferrara 53

q q

q qqqqq

TTTT xqxqxqxqe

xhxhxhxheaA

)()()()(

)()()()(ˆ

dd

dd

21212

211121112

Barone Calarco Drago

Martin Schaumlfer Stratmann Vogelsang

h1 from p-p Drell-Yan at RICHU70

h1q (x Q2) small and with much slower evolution than

Δq(x Q2) and q(x Q2) at small x

h1q (x Q2)- h1q (x Q2)ne

RHIC τ=x1x2~10-3 rarr sea quarks (ATT very small ~ 001 )

3102 RICH energies 22 GeV 100 GeV 200 Ms

  • PAX Polarized Antiproton eXperiments
  • PAX Collaboration
  • Slide 3
  • Outline
  • Slide 5
  • Slide 6
  • Slide 7
  • Slide 8
  • Slide 9
  • Slide 10
  • Slide 11
  • Slide 12
  • Slide 13
  • Slide 14
  • Slide 15
  • Slide 16
  • Slide 17
  • Slide 18
  • pp Elastic Scattering from ZGS
  • Slide 20
  • Proton Electromagnetic Formfactors
  • Slide 22
  • Slide 23
  • Slide 24
  • Slide 25
  • Slide 26
  • PAX Accelerator Setup
  • Slide 28
  • Slide 29
  • Slide 30
  • Slide 31
  • Slide 32
  • Slide 33
  • Slide 34
  • Slide 35
  • Slide 36
  • Slide 37
  • SMILE Spin Measurements in Interactions at Low Energy
  • Slide 39
  • Slide 40
  • Slide 41
  • Slide 42
  • Slide 43
  • Slide 44
  • Slide 45
  • Slide 46
  • Slide 47
  • Slide 48
  • Slide 49
  • Summary
  • Slide 51
  • PAX Integrated Luminosities for Physics Cases
  • Slide 53
Page 46: PAX Polarized Antiproton eXperiments

Spin Workshop 05 Dubna M Contalbrigo - INFN Ferrara 46

Background to Drell-Yan eBackground to Drell-Yan e++ee--

frac12 hour experiment 2∙108 p-pbar interactions several DY events

combinatorial+charm bckg

Background 11 to signal after PID Egt300 MeV conversion veto mass cut the combinatorial component can be subtracted (wrong-sign control sample) the charm can be reduced (vertex decay)

+-++ amp --

Spin Workshop 05 Dubna M Contalbrigo - INFN Ferrara 47

-p Phase Space-p Phase Space

Vertex resolution high enoughto study charm background

Better than 2 mass resol x dependence of h1

resonance vs continuum

Mandatory to study M below Jψ mass

Spin Workshop 05 Dubna M Contalbrigo - INFN Ferrara 48

OutlineOutlinebull Introduction

ndash Physics Casendash The FAIR project

bull PAX Accelerator Setupndash Stagingndash Antiproton Polarizer Ringndash Asymmetric Antiproton-Proton Collider

bull Experimentndash Conceptual Detector Designndash Preliminary Results for Drell-Yan Studiesndash Rate estimates

Spin Workshop 05 Dubna M Contalbrigo - INFN Ferrara 49

10 precision on the h1u (x) in the valence region

1 year of data taking at 15+35 GeV collider L = 2∙1030 cm-2s-1

Precision in hPrecision in h11 measurement measurement

Spin Workshop 05 Dubna M Contalbrigo - INFN Ferrara 50

Summary

bull PAX project has an innovative spin physics program transversity SSA EMFF hard p-pbar scatterings

bull A method to obtain an antiproton beam with high degree of polarization has to be optimized (APR)

bull PAX viable accelerator setup provides fexible 2nd IP really matched to the physics items lots of interesting QCD physics in PAX Phase-I asymmetric collider ideal to map transversity (Phase-II)

Spin Workshop 05 Dubna M Contalbrigo - INFN Ferrara 51

Background to Drell-Yan eBackground to Drell-Yan e++ee--

frac12 hour experiment 2∙108 p-pbar interactions several DY events

combinatorial+charm bckg

Background 11 to signal after PID Egt300 MeV conversion veto mass cut the combinatorial component can be subtracted (wrong-sign control sample) the charm can be reduced (vertex decay)

+-++ amp --

Spin Workshop 05 Dubna M Contalbrigo - INFN Ferrara 52

PAX Integrated Luminosities for Physics PAX Integrated Luminosities for Physics CasesCases

pb-1

fb-1

Inte

gra

ted

Lu

min

osi

ty

EMFF DSA s=376 GeV2

ppbar elastic DSA t=4 GeV2

Phase-I L=151031 cm-2s-1

Antiproton Beam Polarization Ppbar=03 Proton Polarization Pp=08

Phase-II L=21030 cm-2s-1

EMFF DSA s=9 GeV2

Absolute Error ΔDSA=005

h1 DSA Mgt2 GeV Δ=10

h1 DSA Mgt4 GeV Δ=20

(1 y)

(4 y)(1 y)

Spin Workshop 05 Dubna M Contalbrigo - INFN Ferrara 53

q q

q qqqqq

TTTT xqxqxqxqe

xhxhxhxheaA

)()()()(

)()()()(ˆ

dd

dd

21212

211121112

Barone Calarco Drago

Martin Schaumlfer Stratmann Vogelsang

h1 from p-p Drell-Yan at RICHU70

h1q (x Q2) small and with much slower evolution than

Δq(x Q2) and q(x Q2) at small x

h1q (x Q2)- h1q (x Q2)ne

RHIC τ=x1x2~10-3 rarr sea quarks (ATT very small ~ 001 )

3102 RICH energies 22 GeV 100 GeV 200 Ms

  • PAX Polarized Antiproton eXperiments
  • PAX Collaboration
  • Slide 3
  • Outline
  • Slide 5
  • Slide 6
  • Slide 7
  • Slide 8
  • Slide 9
  • Slide 10
  • Slide 11
  • Slide 12
  • Slide 13
  • Slide 14
  • Slide 15
  • Slide 16
  • Slide 17
  • Slide 18
  • pp Elastic Scattering from ZGS
  • Slide 20
  • Proton Electromagnetic Formfactors
  • Slide 22
  • Slide 23
  • Slide 24
  • Slide 25
  • Slide 26
  • PAX Accelerator Setup
  • Slide 28
  • Slide 29
  • Slide 30
  • Slide 31
  • Slide 32
  • Slide 33
  • Slide 34
  • Slide 35
  • Slide 36
  • Slide 37
  • SMILE Spin Measurements in Interactions at Low Energy
  • Slide 39
  • Slide 40
  • Slide 41
  • Slide 42
  • Slide 43
  • Slide 44
  • Slide 45
  • Slide 46
  • Slide 47
  • Slide 48
  • Slide 49
  • Summary
  • Slide 51
  • PAX Integrated Luminosities for Physics Cases
  • Slide 53
Page 47: PAX Polarized Antiproton eXperiments

Spin Workshop 05 Dubna M Contalbrigo - INFN Ferrara 47

-p Phase Space-p Phase Space

Vertex resolution high enoughto study charm background

Better than 2 mass resol x dependence of h1

resonance vs continuum

Mandatory to study M below Jψ mass

Spin Workshop 05 Dubna M Contalbrigo - INFN Ferrara 48

OutlineOutlinebull Introduction

ndash Physics Casendash The FAIR project

bull PAX Accelerator Setupndash Stagingndash Antiproton Polarizer Ringndash Asymmetric Antiproton-Proton Collider

bull Experimentndash Conceptual Detector Designndash Preliminary Results for Drell-Yan Studiesndash Rate estimates

Spin Workshop 05 Dubna M Contalbrigo - INFN Ferrara 49

10 precision on the h1u (x) in the valence region

1 year of data taking at 15+35 GeV collider L = 2∙1030 cm-2s-1

Precision in hPrecision in h11 measurement measurement

Spin Workshop 05 Dubna M Contalbrigo - INFN Ferrara 50

Summary

bull PAX project has an innovative spin physics program transversity SSA EMFF hard p-pbar scatterings

bull A method to obtain an antiproton beam with high degree of polarization has to be optimized (APR)

bull PAX viable accelerator setup provides fexible 2nd IP really matched to the physics items lots of interesting QCD physics in PAX Phase-I asymmetric collider ideal to map transversity (Phase-II)

Spin Workshop 05 Dubna M Contalbrigo - INFN Ferrara 51

Background to Drell-Yan eBackground to Drell-Yan e++ee--

frac12 hour experiment 2∙108 p-pbar interactions several DY events

combinatorial+charm bckg

Background 11 to signal after PID Egt300 MeV conversion veto mass cut the combinatorial component can be subtracted (wrong-sign control sample) the charm can be reduced (vertex decay)

+-++ amp --

Spin Workshop 05 Dubna M Contalbrigo - INFN Ferrara 52

PAX Integrated Luminosities for Physics PAX Integrated Luminosities for Physics CasesCases

pb-1

fb-1

Inte

gra

ted

Lu

min

osi

ty

EMFF DSA s=376 GeV2

ppbar elastic DSA t=4 GeV2

Phase-I L=151031 cm-2s-1

Antiproton Beam Polarization Ppbar=03 Proton Polarization Pp=08

Phase-II L=21030 cm-2s-1

EMFF DSA s=9 GeV2

Absolute Error ΔDSA=005

h1 DSA Mgt2 GeV Δ=10

h1 DSA Mgt4 GeV Δ=20

(1 y)

(4 y)(1 y)

Spin Workshop 05 Dubna M Contalbrigo - INFN Ferrara 53

q q

q qqqqq

TTTT xqxqxqxqe

xhxhxhxheaA

)()()()(

)()()()(ˆ

dd

dd

21212

211121112

Barone Calarco Drago

Martin Schaumlfer Stratmann Vogelsang

h1 from p-p Drell-Yan at RICHU70

h1q (x Q2) small and with much slower evolution than

Δq(x Q2) and q(x Q2) at small x

h1q (x Q2)- h1q (x Q2)ne

RHIC τ=x1x2~10-3 rarr sea quarks (ATT very small ~ 001 )

3102 RICH energies 22 GeV 100 GeV 200 Ms

  • PAX Polarized Antiproton eXperiments
  • PAX Collaboration
  • Slide 3
  • Outline
  • Slide 5
  • Slide 6
  • Slide 7
  • Slide 8
  • Slide 9
  • Slide 10
  • Slide 11
  • Slide 12
  • Slide 13
  • Slide 14
  • Slide 15
  • Slide 16
  • Slide 17
  • Slide 18
  • pp Elastic Scattering from ZGS
  • Slide 20
  • Proton Electromagnetic Formfactors
  • Slide 22
  • Slide 23
  • Slide 24
  • Slide 25
  • Slide 26
  • PAX Accelerator Setup
  • Slide 28
  • Slide 29
  • Slide 30
  • Slide 31
  • Slide 32
  • Slide 33
  • Slide 34
  • Slide 35
  • Slide 36
  • Slide 37
  • SMILE Spin Measurements in Interactions at Low Energy
  • Slide 39
  • Slide 40
  • Slide 41
  • Slide 42
  • Slide 43
  • Slide 44
  • Slide 45
  • Slide 46
  • Slide 47
  • Slide 48
  • Slide 49
  • Summary
  • Slide 51
  • PAX Integrated Luminosities for Physics Cases
  • Slide 53
Page 48: PAX Polarized Antiproton eXperiments

Spin Workshop 05 Dubna M Contalbrigo - INFN Ferrara 48

OutlineOutlinebull Introduction

ndash Physics Casendash The FAIR project

bull PAX Accelerator Setupndash Stagingndash Antiproton Polarizer Ringndash Asymmetric Antiproton-Proton Collider

bull Experimentndash Conceptual Detector Designndash Preliminary Results for Drell-Yan Studiesndash Rate estimates

Spin Workshop 05 Dubna M Contalbrigo - INFN Ferrara 49

10 precision on the h1u (x) in the valence region

1 year of data taking at 15+35 GeV collider L = 2∙1030 cm-2s-1

Precision in hPrecision in h11 measurement measurement

Spin Workshop 05 Dubna M Contalbrigo - INFN Ferrara 50

Summary

bull PAX project has an innovative spin physics program transversity SSA EMFF hard p-pbar scatterings

bull A method to obtain an antiproton beam with high degree of polarization has to be optimized (APR)

bull PAX viable accelerator setup provides fexible 2nd IP really matched to the physics items lots of interesting QCD physics in PAX Phase-I asymmetric collider ideal to map transversity (Phase-II)

Spin Workshop 05 Dubna M Contalbrigo - INFN Ferrara 51

Background to Drell-Yan eBackground to Drell-Yan e++ee--

frac12 hour experiment 2∙108 p-pbar interactions several DY events

combinatorial+charm bckg

Background 11 to signal after PID Egt300 MeV conversion veto mass cut the combinatorial component can be subtracted (wrong-sign control sample) the charm can be reduced (vertex decay)

+-++ amp --

Spin Workshop 05 Dubna M Contalbrigo - INFN Ferrara 52

PAX Integrated Luminosities for Physics PAX Integrated Luminosities for Physics CasesCases

pb-1

fb-1

Inte

gra

ted

Lu

min

osi

ty

EMFF DSA s=376 GeV2

ppbar elastic DSA t=4 GeV2

Phase-I L=151031 cm-2s-1

Antiproton Beam Polarization Ppbar=03 Proton Polarization Pp=08

Phase-II L=21030 cm-2s-1

EMFF DSA s=9 GeV2

Absolute Error ΔDSA=005

h1 DSA Mgt2 GeV Δ=10

h1 DSA Mgt4 GeV Δ=20

(1 y)

(4 y)(1 y)

Spin Workshop 05 Dubna M Contalbrigo - INFN Ferrara 53

q q

q qqqqq

TTTT xqxqxqxqe

xhxhxhxheaA

)()()()(

)()()()(ˆ

dd

dd

21212

211121112

Barone Calarco Drago

Martin Schaumlfer Stratmann Vogelsang

h1 from p-p Drell-Yan at RICHU70

h1q (x Q2) small and with much slower evolution than

Δq(x Q2) and q(x Q2) at small x

h1q (x Q2)- h1q (x Q2)ne

RHIC τ=x1x2~10-3 rarr sea quarks (ATT very small ~ 001 )

3102 RICH energies 22 GeV 100 GeV 200 Ms

  • PAX Polarized Antiproton eXperiments
  • PAX Collaboration
  • Slide 3
  • Outline
  • Slide 5
  • Slide 6
  • Slide 7
  • Slide 8
  • Slide 9
  • Slide 10
  • Slide 11
  • Slide 12
  • Slide 13
  • Slide 14
  • Slide 15
  • Slide 16
  • Slide 17
  • Slide 18
  • pp Elastic Scattering from ZGS
  • Slide 20
  • Proton Electromagnetic Formfactors
  • Slide 22
  • Slide 23
  • Slide 24
  • Slide 25
  • Slide 26
  • PAX Accelerator Setup
  • Slide 28
  • Slide 29
  • Slide 30
  • Slide 31
  • Slide 32
  • Slide 33
  • Slide 34
  • Slide 35
  • Slide 36
  • Slide 37
  • SMILE Spin Measurements in Interactions at Low Energy
  • Slide 39
  • Slide 40
  • Slide 41
  • Slide 42
  • Slide 43
  • Slide 44
  • Slide 45
  • Slide 46
  • Slide 47
  • Slide 48
  • Slide 49
  • Summary
  • Slide 51
  • PAX Integrated Luminosities for Physics Cases
  • Slide 53
Page 49: PAX Polarized Antiproton eXperiments

Spin Workshop 05 Dubna M Contalbrigo - INFN Ferrara 49

10 precision on the h1u (x) in the valence region

1 year of data taking at 15+35 GeV collider L = 2∙1030 cm-2s-1

Precision in hPrecision in h11 measurement measurement

Spin Workshop 05 Dubna M Contalbrigo - INFN Ferrara 50

Summary

bull PAX project has an innovative spin physics program transversity SSA EMFF hard p-pbar scatterings

bull A method to obtain an antiproton beam with high degree of polarization has to be optimized (APR)

bull PAX viable accelerator setup provides fexible 2nd IP really matched to the physics items lots of interesting QCD physics in PAX Phase-I asymmetric collider ideal to map transversity (Phase-II)

Spin Workshop 05 Dubna M Contalbrigo - INFN Ferrara 51

Background to Drell-Yan eBackground to Drell-Yan e++ee--

frac12 hour experiment 2∙108 p-pbar interactions several DY events

combinatorial+charm bckg

Background 11 to signal after PID Egt300 MeV conversion veto mass cut the combinatorial component can be subtracted (wrong-sign control sample) the charm can be reduced (vertex decay)

+-++ amp --

Spin Workshop 05 Dubna M Contalbrigo - INFN Ferrara 52

PAX Integrated Luminosities for Physics PAX Integrated Luminosities for Physics CasesCases

pb-1

fb-1

Inte

gra

ted

Lu

min

osi

ty

EMFF DSA s=376 GeV2

ppbar elastic DSA t=4 GeV2

Phase-I L=151031 cm-2s-1

Antiproton Beam Polarization Ppbar=03 Proton Polarization Pp=08

Phase-II L=21030 cm-2s-1

EMFF DSA s=9 GeV2

Absolute Error ΔDSA=005

h1 DSA Mgt2 GeV Δ=10

h1 DSA Mgt4 GeV Δ=20

(1 y)

(4 y)(1 y)

Spin Workshop 05 Dubna M Contalbrigo - INFN Ferrara 53

q q

q qqqqq

TTTT xqxqxqxqe

xhxhxhxheaA

)()()()(

)()()()(ˆ

dd

dd

21212

211121112

Barone Calarco Drago

Martin Schaumlfer Stratmann Vogelsang

h1 from p-p Drell-Yan at RICHU70

h1q (x Q2) small and with much slower evolution than

Δq(x Q2) and q(x Q2) at small x

h1q (x Q2)- h1q (x Q2)ne

RHIC τ=x1x2~10-3 rarr sea quarks (ATT very small ~ 001 )

3102 RICH energies 22 GeV 100 GeV 200 Ms

  • PAX Polarized Antiproton eXperiments
  • PAX Collaboration
  • Slide 3
  • Outline
  • Slide 5
  • Slide 6
  • Slide 7
  • Slide 8
  • Slide 9
  • Slide 10
  • Slide 11
  • Slide 12
  • Slide 13
  • Slide 14
  • Slide 15
  • Slide 16
  • Slide 17
  • Slide 18
  • pp Elastic Scattering from ZGS
  • Slide 20
  • Proton Electromagnetic Formfactors
  • Slide 22
  • Slide 23
  • Slide 24
  • Slide 25
  • Slide 26
  • PAX Accelerator Setup
  • Slide 28
  • Slide 29
  • Slide 30
  • Slide 31
  • Slide 32
  • Slide 33
  • Slide 34
  • Slide 35
  • Slide 36
  • Slide 37
  • SMILE Spin Measurements in Interactions at Low Energy
  • Slide 39
  • Slide 40
  • Slide 41
  • Slide 42
  • Slide 43
  • Slide 44
  • Slide 45
  • Slide 46
  • Slide 47
  • Slide 48
  • Slide 49
  • Summary
  • Slide 51
  • PAX Integrated Luminosities for Physics Cases
  • Slide 53
Page 50: PAX Polarized Antiproton eXperiments

Spin Workshop 05 Dubna M Contalbrigo - INFN Ferrara 50

Summary

bull PAX project has an innovative spin physics program transversity SSA EMFF hard p-pbar scatterings

bull A method to obtain an antiproton beam with high degree of polarization has to be optimized (APR)

bull PAX viable accelerator setup provides fexible 2nd IP really matched to the physics items lots of interesting QCD physics in PAX Phase-I asymmetric collider ideal to map transversity (Phase-II)

Spin Workshop 05 Dubna M Contalbrigo - INFN Ferrara 51

Background to Drell-Yan eBackground to Drell-Yan e++ee--

frac12 hour experiment 2∙108 p-pbar interactions several DY events

combinatorial+charm bckg

Background 11 to signal after PID Egt300 MeV conversion veto mass cut the combinatorial component can be subtracted (wrong-sign control sample) the charm can be reduced (vertex decay)

+-++ amp --

Spin Workshop 05 Dubna M Contalbrigo - INFN Ferrara 52

PAX Integrated Luminosities for Physics PAX Integrated Luminosities for Physics CasesCases

pb-1

fb-1

Inte

gra

ted

Lu

min

osi

ty

EMFF DSA s=376 GeV2

ppbar elastic DSA t=4 GeV2

Phase-I L=151031 cm-2s-1

Antiproton Beam Polarization Ppbar=03 Proton Polarization Pp=08

Phase-II L=21030 cm-2s-1

EMFF DSA s=9 GeV2

Absolute Error ΔDSA=005

h1 DSA Mgt2 GeV Δ=10

h1 DSA Mgt4 GeV Δ=20

(1 y)

(4 y)(1 y)

Spin Workshop 05 Dubna M Contalbrigo - INFN Ferrara 53

q q

q qqqqq

TTTT xqxqxqxqe

xhxhxhxheaA

)()()()(

)()()()(ˆ

dd

dd

21212

211121112

Barone Calarco Drago

Martin Schaumlfer Stratmann Vogelsang

h1 from p-p Drell-Yan at RICHU70

h1q (x Q2) small and with much slower evolution than

Δq(x Q2) and q(x Q2) at small x

h1q (x Q2)- h1q (x Q2)ne

RHIC τ=x1x2~10-3 rarr sea quarks (ATT very small ~ 001 )

3102 RICH energies 22 GeV 100 GeV 200 Ms

  • PAX Polarized Antiproton eXperiments
  • PAX Collaboration
  • Slide 3
  • Outline
  • Slide 5
  • Slide 6
  • Slide 7
  • Slide 8
  • Slide 9
  • Slide 10
  • Slide 11
  • Slide 12
  • Slide 13
  • Slide 14
  • Slide 15
  • Slide 16
  • Slide 17
  • Slide 18
  • pp Elastic Scattering from ZGS
  • Slide 20
  • Proton Electromagnetic Formfactors
  • Slide 22
  • Slide 23
  • Slide 24
  • Slide 25
  • Slide 26
  • PAX Accelerator Setup
  • Slide 28
  • Slide 29
  • Slide 30
  • Slide 31
  • Slide 32
  • Slide 33
  • Slide 34
  • Slide 35
  • Slide 36
  • Slide 37
  • SMILE Spin Measurements in Interactions at Low Energy
  • Slide 39
  • Slide 40
  • Slide 41
  • Slide 42
  • Slide 43
  • Slide 44
  • Slide 45
  • Slide 46
  • Slide 47
  • Slide 48
  • Slide 49
  • Summary
  • Slide 51
  • PAX Integrated Luminosities for Physics Cases
  • Slide 53
Page 51: PAX Polarized Antiproton eXperiments

Spin Workshop 05 Dubna M Contalbrigo - INFN Ferrara 51

Background to Drell-Yan eBackground to Drell-Yan e++ee--

frac12 hour experiment 2∙108 p-pbar interactions several DY events

combinatorial+charm bckg

Background 11 to signal after PID Egt300 MeV conversion veto mass cut the combinatorial component can be subtracted (wrong-sign control sample) the charm can be reduced (vertex decay)

+-++ amp --

Spin Workshop 05 Dubna M Contalbrigo - INFN Ferrara 52

PAX Integrated Luminosities for Physics PAX Integrated Luminosities for Physics CasesCases

pb-1

fb-1

Inte

gra

ted

Lu

min

osi

ty

EMFF DSA s=376 GeV2

ppbar elastic DSA t=4 GeV2

Phase-I L=151031 cm-2s-1

Antiproton Beam Polarization Ppbar=03 Proton Polarization Pp=08

Phase-II L=21030 cm-2s-1

EMFF DSA s=9 GeV2

Absolute Error ΔDSA=005

h1 DSA Mgt2 GeV Δ=10

h1 DSA Mgt4 GeV Δ=20

(1 y)

(4 y)(1 y)

Spin Workshop 05 Dubna M Contalbrigo - INFN Ferrara 53

q q

q qqqqq

TTTT xqxqxqxqe

xhxhxhxheaA

)()()()(

)()()()(ˆ

dd

dd

21212

211121112

Barone Calarco Drago

Martin Schaumlfer Stratmann Vogelsang

h1 from p-p Drell-Yan at RICHU70

h1q (x Q2) small and with much slower evolution than

Δq(x Q2) and q(x Q2) at small x

h1q (x Q2)- h1q (x Q2)ne

RHIC τ=x1x2~10-3 rarr sea quarks (ATT very small ~ 001 )

3102 RICH energies 22 GeV 100 GeV 200 Ms

  • PAX Polarized Antiproton eXperiments
  • PAX Collaboration
  • Slide 3
  • Outline
  • Slide 5
  • Slide 6
  • Slide 7
  • Slide 8
  • Slide 9
  • Slide 10
  • Slide 11
  • Slide 12
  • Slide 13
  • Slide 14
  • Slide 15
  • Slide 16
  • Slide 17
  • Slide 18
  • pp Elastic Scattering from ZGS
  • Slide 20
  • Proton Electromagnetic Formfactors
  • Slide 22
  • Slide 23
  • Slide 24
  • Slide 25
  • Slide 26
  • PAX Accelerator Setup
  • Slide 28
  • Slide 29
  • Slide 30
  • Slide 31
  • Slide 32
  • Slide 33
  • Slide 34
  • Slide 35
  • Slide 36
  • Slide 37
  • SMILE Spin Measurements in Interactions at Low Energy
  • Slide 39
  • Slide 40
  • Slide 41
  • Slide 42
  • Slide 43
  • Slide 44
  • Slide 45
  • Slide 46
  • Slide 47
  • Slide 48
  • Slide 49
  • Summary
  • Slide 51
  • PAX Integrated Luminosities for Physics Cases
  • Slide 53
Page 52: PAX Polarized Antiproton eXperiments

Spin Workshop 05 Dubna M Contalbrigo - INFN Ferrara 52

PAX Integrated Luminosities for Physics PAX Integrated Luminosities for Physics CasesCases

pb-1

fb-1

Inte

gra

ted

Lu

min

osi

ty

EMFF DSA s=376 GeV2

ppbar elastic DSA t=4 GeV2

Phase-I L=151031 cm-2s-1

Antiproton Beam Polarization Ppbar=03 Proton Polarization Pp=08

Phase-II L=21030 cm-2s-1

EMFF DSA s=9 GeV2

Absolute Error ΔDSA=005

h1 DSA Mgt2 GeV Δ=10

h1 DSA Mgt4 GeV Δ=20

(1 y)

(4 y)(1 y)

Spin Workshop 05 Dubna M Contalbrigo - INFN Ferrara 53

q q

q qqqqq

TTTT xqxqxqxqe

xhxhxhxheaA

)()()()(

)()()()(ˆ

dd

dd

21212

211121112

Barone Calarco Drago

Martin Schaumlfer Stratmann Vogelsang

h1 from p-p Drell-Yan at RICHU70

h1q (x Q2) small and with much slower evolution than

Δq(x Q2) and q(x Q2) at small x

h1q (x Q2)- h1q (x Q2)ne

RHIC τ=x1x2~10-3 rarr sea quarks (ATT very small ~ 001 )

3102 RICH energies 22 GeV 100 GeV 200 Ms

  • PAX Polarized Antiproton eXperiments
  • PAX Collaboration
  • Slide 3
  • Outline
  • Slide 5
  • Slide 6
  • Slide 7
  • Slide 8
  • Slide 9
  • Slide 10
  • Slide 11
  • Slide 12
  • Slide 13
  • Slide 14
  • Slide 15
  • Slide 16
  • Slide 17
  • Slide 18
  • pp Elastic Scattering from ZGS
  • Slide 20
  • Proton Electromagnetic Formfactors
  • Slide 22
  • Slide 23
  • Slide 24
  • Slide 25
  • Slide 26
  • PAX Accelerator Setup
  • Slide 28
  • Slide 29
  • Slide 30
  • Slide 31
  • Slide 32
  • Slide 33
  • Slide 34
  • Slide 35
  • Slide 36
  • Slide 37
  • SMILE Spin Measurements in Interactions at Low Energy
  • Slide 39
  • Slide 40
  • Slide 41
  • Slide 42
  • Slide 43
  • Slide 44
  • Slide 45
  • Slide 46
  • Slide 47
  • Slide 48
  • Slide 49
  • Summary
  • Slide 51
  • PAX Integrated Luminosities for Physics Cases
  • Slide 53
Page 53: PAX Polarized Antiproton eXperiments

Spin Workshop 05 Dubna M Contalbrigo - INFN Ferrara 53

q q

q qqqqq

TTTT xqxqxqxqe

xhxhxhxheaA

)()()()(

)()()()(ˆ

dd

dd

21212

211121112

Barone Calarco Drago

Martin Schaumlfer Stratmann Vogelsang

h1 from p-p Drell-Yan at RICHU70

h1q (x Q2) small and with much slower evolution than

Δq(x Q2) and q(x Q2) at small x

h1q (x Q2)- h1q (x Q2)ne

RHIC τ=x1x2~10-3 rarr sea quarks (ATT very small ~ 001 )

3102 RICH energies 22 GeV 100 GeV 200 Ms

  • PAX Polarized Antiproton eXperiments
  • PAX Collaboration
  • Slide 3
  • Outline
  • Slide 5
  • Slide 6
  • Slide 7
  • Slide 8
  • Slide 9
  • Slide 10
  • Slide 11
  • Slide 12
  • Slide 13
  • Slide 14
  • Slide 15
  • Slide 16
  • Slide 17
  • Slide 18
  • pp Elastic Scattering from ZGS
  • Slide 20
  • Proton Electromagnetic Formfactors
  • Slide 22
  • Slide 23
  • Slide 24
  • Slide 25
  • Slide 26
  • PAX Accelerator Setup
  • Slide 28
  • Slide 29
  • Slide 30
  • Slide 31
  • Slide 32
  • Slide 33
  • Slide 34
  • Slide 35
  • Slide 36
  • Slide 37
  • SMILE Spin Measurements in Interactions at Low Energy
  • Slide 39
  • Slide 40
  • Slide 41
  • Slide 42
  • Slide 43
  • Slide 44
  • Slide 45
  • Slide 46
  • Slide 47
  • Slide 48
  • Slide 49
  • Summary
  • Slide 51
  • PAX Integrated Luminosities for Physics Cases
  • Slide 53