pavement and materials design manual 1999 - chapter 8

5/26/2018 Pavement and Materials Design Manual 1999 - CHAPTER 8

1/

Project appraisal

Environment

Cross Section,Shoulders and Drainage

Traffic

Subgrade

Problem Soils

Pavement Materials

DESIGN

ELEMENTS

PavementRehabilitation

BituminousSurfacings

Gravel RoadsSTRUCTURAL

DESIGN

Comparison of alternatives andselection of design

Refinement of design, if required

Ch

Ch


2/

granular

granular

time and traffic

riding quality

rut depth

cracking

granular

cemented

traffic

deformation

deflection

curvature

post-cracked phasepre-cracked influenceof waterphase


3/

bituminous mix

granular or cemented

time and traffic

riding quality

rut depth

cracking

cemented

cemented (preferred)

time and traffic

riding quality

rut depth

cracking

penetration macadam

granular or cemented

time and traffic

riding quality

deformation

cracking


4/


5/


6/


7/

< 0.2 0.2 - 0.5 0.5 - 1.0 1 - 3 3 - 10 10 - 20 20 - 50

G45

150mm

Base

course

150mm

G80

150mm

G25

150mm

Subgrade

C1G45

CBR >15%

G45

150mm

Subbase1)

C1

200mm

ST

AC

ST

TLC 20 TLC 50

GranularBase course type:

AC50mm

applicable)

TLC 10TLC 02 TLC 05

2)

CRR

200mm

G60 G80

150mm

(not applicable)

150mm

AC50mm

100mm

CRRCRR

asbelow

CRS

150mm

150mm

150mm

asbelow

200mm

+150mm

150mm

C2200mm

CM

For the heavy Traffic Load


General requirements

below

as

as

below


asbelow

asbelow

asbelow


Classes (TLC 05-Hto TLC 20-H) (notCRS

(not

applicable)

below

ST

CRS

125mm

ST ST

asbelow

as

Heavy Traffic Load Classes (-H) apply for


loaded to above13 tonnes.

Surfacing

Classes (TLC 05-Hto TLC 20-H)

Traffic Load Classes (million E80) E80 >0.2 million under conditions where

TLC 3

Material requirements:

Climatic zones: layers or base course:/Chapter 7/ Dry / Moderate

Bituminous surfacings:/Chapter 10/-

more than 50% of E80 comes from axles

-

- Granular or cemented materials for subbase

TLC 1

- Surface treatments, carriageway:

- Shoulders: /Chapter 10.7/

Traffic:- Traffic Load Classes, including the heavy ( -H)

classes: /Chapter 4/

Subgrade design:- Design for CBR less than 15%: /Chapter 5/


/Chapter 10.2 to 10.4/

Asphalt concrete: /Chapter 10.8/

- Material standards of improved subgrade layers: /Chapter 5/

Surfacing design:

/Figure 2.1/


8/1

< 0.2 0.2 - 0.5 0.5 - 1.0 1 - 3 3 - 10 10 - 20 20 - 50

200mm

- Surface treatments, carriageway:



Surfacing

Base

course

E80 >0.2 million under conditions where

150mm

G45

150mm

G80

200mm

150mm

CRS

below

loaded to above13 tonnes.

below below



ST

G80

Subgrade

AC

AC

AC50mm

100mm

150mm

CRS

150mm

G45

asbelow

150mm

Subbase1)

C2

G25

CBR >15%

200mm

CM

200mm

asbelow

C1

CRR

150mm

150mm

as

below

+150mm

as

CM C1

as

asbelow

125mm

CRR

150mm

CRS

STST

TLC 50

50mm

100mm

AC

AC

TLC 20

50mm

CRR

below



as150mm

CRR

ST

150mm





(not

applicable)

(not

applicable)

(not

applicable)as

Base course type:

layers:/Chapter 5/

Surfacing design:

TLC 02 TLC 05 TLC 1 TLC 3

Traffic Load Classes (million E80) more than 50% of E80 comes from axles

TLC 10

Bituminous surfacings:/Chapter 10/ Wet-

/Chapter 10.2 to 10.4/- Shoulders: /Chapter 10.7/- Asphalt concrete: /Chapter 10.8/

Material requirements:- Granular or cemented materials for subbase Climatic zones:

layers or base course:/Chapter 7/

GranularSubgrade design:

- Design for CBR less than 15%: /Chapter 5/- Material standards of improved subgrade

Traffic:

- Traffic Load Classes, including the heavy (-H)lasses: /Chapter 4/

/Figure 2.1/


9/

< 0.2 0.2 - 0.5 0.5 - 1.0 1 - 3 3 - 10 10 - 20 20 - 50

150mm150mm

Subgrade

Subbase1)


(not

applicable)

CM

CBR >15%

G45G45

G45 C1

C1150mm

200mmC1



G25


Base

course

Surfacing


+150mm

CM

150mm150mm

CM

150mm

+125mm

AC100mm

ST STST50mmAC

below AC

C1 C2C1

50mm

asbelow

as

as

150mm 150mmGeneral requirements

below belowClasses (TLC 05-Hto TLC 20-H)

ST

150mm 150mm 150mm 150mm

CM

ST

(not

applicable)

as

below

as

200mm

C1

125mm

as

below

For the heavy Traffic LoadClasses (TLC 05-Hto TLC 20-H)

asbelow(not

applicable)

below

as

below

as

below

C2 C2

as

Traffic:

- Traffic Load Classes, including the heavy ( -H) classes: /Chapter 4/

TLC 50

Subgrade design:- Design for CBR less than 15%: /Chapter 5/- Material standards of improved subgrade

layers: /Chapter 5/

Surfacing design:

Cemented

TLC 10 TLC 20

- Surface treatments, carriageway:/Chapter 10.2 to 10.4/

E80 >0.2 million under conditions where more than 50% of E80 comes from axles loaded to above13 tonnes.


- Asphalt concrete: /Chapter 10.8/

- Bituminous surfacings:/Chapter 10/

- Granular or cemented materials for subbase Material requirements:

layers or base course:/Chapter 7/

- Shoulders: /Chapter 10.7/

Base course type:


Traffic Load Classes (million E80)

AllClimatic zones:

/Figure 2.1/


10

< 0.2 0.2 - 0.5 0.5 - 1.0 1 - 3 3 - 10 10 - 20 20 - 50

150mm

FBMIX

DBM 30

DBM 40

DBM 30

FBMIX FBMIX

CM

CM

CM

150mm

200mm200mm

G45G45G45

60mm

DBM 40

DBM 30

BEMIX BEMIX BEMIX BEMIX

DBM 30

FBMIX

ST ST

125mm+

125mm

LAMBS LAMBS LAMBS

80mm

ACAC50mm

200mm175mm

LAMBS

DBM 40

50mm

STST

TLC 20 TLC 50TLC 10

100mm125mm

Subbase

1)

200mm

150mm

Subgrade

G45G45

CBR > 15%

150mm

this pavement type.

DBM 30

ST

Alternative material types: FBMIX

Base

course

S

urfacing

LAMBS

DBM 40 DBM 40


Traffic Load Classes(million E80)No special pavement design alternatives are required for the heavy Traffic LoadClasses (TLC 05-Hto TLC 50-H )for

All

Base course type:

layers: /Chapter 5/

Surfacing design:-

Climatic zones:

- Bituminous base course: /Chapter 7/

Bituminous

mix- Asphalt concrete: /Chapter 10.8/

Surface treatments, carriageway: /Chapter 10.2 to 10.4/-


Traffic:- Traffic Load Classes: /Chapter 4/

Subgrade design:

Shoulders: /Chapter 10.7/


- Granular or cemented materials for subbase layers:/Chapter 7/

- Bituminous surfacings: /Chapter 10/ /Figure 2.1/


11

< 0.2 0.2 - 0.5 0.5 - 1.0 1 - 3 3 - 10 10 - 20 20 - 50

TLC 02 TLC 05 TLC 1 TLC 3 TLC 10 TLC 20

150mm125mm

+

150mm

+

125mm

50mm

PM60

50mm

100mm125mm

PM80

CMCM CMCM

C1150mm200mm

150mm

50mm

PM30Base

course

PM80

AC50mm

STST

100mm

AC

PM30 PM60

G45

150mm

G45

150mm

ST

CBR > 15%

C1

Subgrade

Subbase

1)

CM

125mm 125mm

Surfacing

Traffic Load Classes(million E80)

TLC 50

are required for the heavy Traffic LoadClasses (TLC 05-Hto TLC 50-H)forthis pavement type.

No special pavement design alternatives

PM80

AC100mm100mm

AC

Penetration

Traffic:

Subgrade design:

layers: /Chapter 5/

- Traffic Load Classes:/Chapter 4/

Shoulders:/Chapter 10.7/- Asphalt concrete:/Chapter 10.8/-


Macadam

Base course type:

All

Climatic zones:

- Bituminous surfacings: /Chapter 10/

- Penetration Macadam: /Chapter 7/

Surfacing design:- Surface treatments, carriageway: /Chapter 10.2 to 10.4/


- Granular or cemented materials for subbase layers:/Chapter 7/

/Figure 2.1/


12

pavement and materials design manual 1999 - chapter 8

Documents

hto tlc

materials design manual

heavy traffic loadclasses

surfacingclasses tlc

subgrade design

heavy traffic loadfor

surfacing design

heavy h classes