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Participatory Assessment of Conservation and Livelihood Indicators in Congo Forest Basin Sangha Group Dominique Endamana, Louis Defo, Antoine Eyebe, Jeffrey Sayer, Manuel Ruiz Perez, Intu A. Boedhihartono, Clto Ndikumagenge, Kamiss Ami PERSPECTIVES ON IMPACT EVALUATION: Approaches to Assessing Development Effectiveness An International Conference in Africa for policy-makers, program managers, evaluators, sponsors and other stakeholders in evaluation and development Sunday 29 March Thursday 2 April 2009

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SUMMARY - Context - Steps towards Assessing Landscape performance - Methodological Approach - Tools - Results - Conclusion

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- TNS 45 200 sq km is one of the 12 priorities landscapes in Congo Basin Forest - Managed by 03 countries Cameroon, Central Africa Republic and Congo Republic - Conservation and development activities are coordinated mainly by the Congo Basin Forest Partnership with CARPE and COMIFAC - Importance of for African dense forest biodiversity - Key technical partners include WWF, IUCN, CIFOR, WCS, GTZ CONTEXT

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Steps towards Assessing TNS Landscape performance Launching assessment landscape approach: Concepts & theories 2004 Selection of fist set of monitoring indicators and field testing of methodolog y 2008 2007 2006 2005 Refinement of methodology and practical orientation Visualisation of Cameroon and CAR tacking tools Simulation, Integration and linkages of existing tracking tools with priority objectives of other ongoing programmes (IUCN-LLS CARPE, COMIFAC ) Cameroon CAR Cameroon Congo Integration of Governance aspect in current monitoring model development of guidelines of landscape management and performance assessment CAR

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DATA COLLECTION Listening Learning Sharing LLS PRIMARY DATA

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DATA COLLECTION Review of report of specific studiesReview of report of specific studies Review of report activities of partners (WWF, Local NGOs, WCS, GTZ, local Gov)Review of report activities of partners (WWF, Local NGOs, WCS, GTZ, local Gov) Ecological and socioeconomic monitoring reportEcological and socioeconomic monitoring report 6

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TOOLS Local Natural AssetUnit of measurementScore Availability of NTFPPerception of abundance[1-5] Availability of wildlife resourcesPerception of abundance[1-5] Incidence of bush firePerception of importance[1-5] Process of certification/Progress on sustainable management forest% forest concession certified[1-5] Pollution/waste liquidPerception of pollution[1-5] Condition of water courses Perception of state water course[1-5] Global natural assetUnit of measurementScore Rate of deforestationPercentage[1-5] Population of elephantNumber of elephant[1-5] Populations of grate apes (Gorilla)Number of GA/gorilla[1-5] Population of BongoNumber of Bongo[1-5] Condition of other biodiversity elementPerception of abundance[1-5]

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TOOLS Social assetUnit of measurementScore Functioning of organizations for NRMPerception on functionality[1-5] CBNRM initiative Number of village in co management process[1-5] State governance (state institution effective and effectiveness) Perception of effectiveness of institution[1-5] Traditional governance (litigation, conflict, participation of all social components in community affair, effectiveness of village chief...) Percentage of litigations solved by traditional chief[1-5] Corruption perception( public and private sector)Perception of corruption[1-5] Associative activity level Percentage of HH adhere to association[1-5] implication progress of indigenous people (Baaka, Baka) in CBNRMNumber of partnership with IP[1-5] Participation of baka for taking decision Percentage of pygmies involved in local taking decision[1-5] Use of forestry tax Percentage of forest royalties invested in social infrastructure[1-5]

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TOOLS Human AssetUnit of measurementScore Heath accessNumber of physician per inhabitant [1-5] Quality of educationNumber of qualified teacher per pupils [1-5] Number of person with technical and professional qualificationPercentage of employment to locals [1-5] Morbidity Children rateComparison to national average [1-5] Adoption by youth of traditional value on SNRM (rites, ceremonies, traditional)Adoption rate [1-5] Usage of traditional medicinePerception on predominance [1-5] Physical AssetUnit of measurementScore Cassava machine Percentage of village with 01 machine for 500 persons[1-5] Habitat qualityPercentage with zinc roof[1-5] Number of water source supplyPercentage of village with improved water source[1-5] AccessibilityTime of travel[1-5] National tourism infrastructureNumber of tourist per year[1-5] Sport hunting permitNumber of permit per year[1-5] Transformation wood industryNumber of job created[1-5] Trend of price of 3 first necessity foodPerception of trend[1-5]

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10 Score Social asset54321 CBNRM initiative Co management operational at least 3 villages Co management operational at 2 villages Co management operational at 1 villages Initiation of processZero progress State governance (state institution effective and effectiveness) Very important support of the administration to the respect of the laws and rules Adequate support from the administration in elaboration and validation Little support from the administration in the elaboration and signature Low support from the administration in the elaboration and signature Major barrier in the elaboration and signature of file Traditional governance (litigation, conflict, participation of all social components in community affair, effectiveness of village chief...) More than 90% of litigations are solved by the traditional chief 70-90% of litigations are solved by the traditional chief 50-70% of litigations are solved by the traditional chief 20-50% of litigations are solved by the traditional chief Less than 20% of litigations are solved by the traditional chief Corruption perception( public and private sector)Inexistent some cases isolatedcurrentgeneralisedVery generalised Associative activity level 90-100% of the households adhere to an association 70-90% of the households adhere to an association 50-70% of the households adhere to an association 20-50% of the households adhere to an association Less than 20% of the households adhere to an association Use of forestry tax 90-100% of forestry tax are invested in the social infrastructure 70-90% of forestry tax are invested in the social infrastructure 50-70% of forestry tax are invested in the social infrastructure 20-50% of forestry tax are invested in the social infrastructure less than 20% of forestry tax are invested in the social infrastructure Example of score measurement of social indicators

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RESULTS

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12 MOD Indicators Water Access EducationHeathHabitatRoad Infrastructure

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In general the trends of change are slow Change in natural assets is slower than change in development assets Conflict between global and local natural assets

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CONCLUSION Assess conservation and development flow benefit in Forest Congo Approach using assist conservation agencies to develop monitoring framework This approach help local people and outside advisers to better share their understanding of the problem and issues and to work closely for the same vision Communication with decision makers and flight against corruption Framework of discussion and negotiation between main stakeholders Conflict between local natural and global natural asset Build partnership with private sector

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16 PARTNERS OF IMPLEMENTATION GTZ MEFE Programme Rgional de lAfrique Centrale pour LEnvironnement CSO CBO