palestine & israel

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Palestine & Israel. Size of Israel. Ottoman Empire. Before and During WWI Ottoman Empire Owns Land before WWI During WWI, Britain wanted to both - help the people gain independence from the Ottoman Empire and take the land of Palestine (and other Middle East land) for themselves. - PowerPoint PPT Presentation

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Page 1: Palestine & Israel
Page 2: Palestine & Israel

Palestine &Israel

Page 3: Palestine & Israel

Size of Israel

Page 4: Palestine & Israel

Ottoman Empire

Page 5: Palestine & Israel

Before and During WWI

• Ottoman Empire Owns Land before WWI

• During WWI, Britain wanted to both- help the people gain independence

from the Ottoman Empire

and– take the land of Palestine (and other

Middle East land) for themselves

Page 6: Palestine & Israel

Post-WWI• Ottoman Empire is gone

– Britain takes ownership of Palestine as a mandate (with plans for giving them independence)

– Britain promises BOTH the Palestinians (mostly Muslims and Arab) AND the Zionists (Jews and mostly European) the land

• Both unhappy:- Palestinians do not want to give up the land

they have lived on for centuries - Zionists want the land in its entire as it is

their Promised Land

Page 7: Palestine & Israel

British Mandate

Page 8: Palestine & Israel

Post-WWII• Britain cannot solve problem so…

– Britain hands the issue of Palestine to the United Nations

Page 9: Palestine & Israel

The United Nations Involvement• Creates committee to investigate• Palestinians/Muslims refuse to

cooperate – do not want to give up their land

• Zionists/Jews cooperate – want the land

• Committee decides to split Palestine into two states– one for Jews and one for Muslims

Page 11: Palestine & Israel

The PartitionUN Resolution 181, November 1947

• UN General Assembly approves partition plan:– 56.5 % of Palestine for a Jewish

state• (33% of pop., owned 7% of land)

– 43 % for Palestinians– internationalization of Jerusalem

Page 12: Palestine & Israel

Israel Established• May 15, 1948: Country of

Israel estb.• Almost immediately Egypt,

Syria, Jordan, Lebanon, and Iraq invade Israel (why?)– Arab-Israeli War

• By early 1949, an armistice was signed; Israel now had 78% of Palestine

Page 13: Palestine & Israel

U.S. Involvement• Involved largely because of Cold

War– to contain communism

• And to keep economic ties with Middle East – Stability– Access– ‘safeguard their vital interests’

Page 14: Palestine & Israel

1949-1967 (Pre-6 Days’ War)

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Six Days’ War

• June 1967: Israel launches preemptive attack against Egyptians– To prevent Egypt leading an Arab

movement to take Palestine for the Arabs

• Israel took West Bank, Gaza Strip, the Golan Heights and the Egyptian Sinai peninsula

Page 16: Palestine & Israel

1967 (Post-6 Days’ War)

Page 17: Palestine & Israel

Yom Kippur War • October 1973: on Yom Kippur,

Egyptian and Syrian armies launch attack against Israel

• Despite surprise, Egypt and Syria failed to regain land lost in 1967

• Yet - after the war, a number of years of relative calm came

Page 18: Palestine & Israel

1973 (Post Yom Kippur War)

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• Territory changes: March 1979

– As a result of diplomatic meetings

– Most notably by Carter at Camp David

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The Past 20 Years…

• 1987: First Intifada (uprising) begins– Mostly in reaction to Israelis moving in to

Palestinian Territories – (look up: “Occupied Territories”)

• 1992: Israeli prime minister (Rabin) opened talks with Arabs assassinated by radical Israeli

(1995) mid-1990s: another prime minister opens

talks with Arabs

Page 21: Palestine & Israel

• 2000 talks open between Palestinian leader (Arafat) and Israel.. and others continue

• 2006: Hamas won majority of seats in the Palestinian Legislative Council – the provisional gov. of the Palestinian

Territories– Hamas is radical and refuses to speak

with Israel

Page 22: Palestine & Israel

• June 2007: internal issues between Hamas and Fatah (another political organization)

• December 2008: Israel attacks Hamas (in Gaza Territory)

• And most recently?

Page 23: Palestine & Israel

Israel Today