our growing government
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Our Growing Government. Chapter 2 Sections 3, 4, 5. Articles of Confederation. Colonies (States)= sovereign Coined money Raised armies and navies Raised tariffs Most claimed land beyond their “colonial” borders Confederation Congress= central government Declare war Make treaties - PowerPoint PPT PresentationTRANSCRIPT
OUR GROWING
GOVERNMENT
Chapter 2 Sections 3, 4, 5
Articles of Confederation Colonies (States)= sovereign
Coined money Raised armies and navies Raised tariffs Most claimed land beyond their “colonial” borders
Confederation Congress= central government Declare war Make treaties Manage Indian affairs Maintain the army and navy Regulate weights and measures Establish postal services
What is missing? Power to tax Power to regulate trade
Articles to Constitution: Causes Foreign Problems:
France was demanding repayment of war debts.
Spain closed the Mississippi River.
Britain still attempting to regulate trade; maintain posts in the West; encourage Native Americans.
Articles to Constitution: Causes
Economic Problems: Congress had no power to regulate interstate
commerce. National credit was worsening. Could not repay French War debts. Interest was piling up.
Articles to Constitution: Causes Interstate
Quarrels: Boundary disputes
over western lands.
States taxed each others’ interstate commerce.
States were issuing worthless money for payments in debts.
Annapolis Convention
5 states show Pledge to meet in one year Sought Congress’s
approval Purpose: To revise the
Articles of Confederation
Philadelphia Convention Philadelphia – May 25th, 1787 Sole purpose was revising the Articles of
Confederation. 55 delegates from 12 states
(except Rhode Island) Sessions were surrounded by secrecy
Locked doors Guards in the halls Windows closed-hot summer Letters censored as well as Ben Franklin Most delegates were wealthy property owners and many
were lawyers Most had experience- (i.e. state constitutions or Articles) 42 was the average age
Important People George Washington- President of Convention Secretary of Convention- William Jackson Ben Franklin- oldest delegate- 82 yrs old James Madison- “Father of the Constitution”
Wasn’t absent a single day for four months shorthand/recopied notes at night into long hand agreed not to release the notes until all delegates were
dead last one to die- James Madison in 1840, 53 years after
the convention “assembly of demi-god” “convention of the well-bred, the well-fed, the
well-read and well wed.”
GW at the Constitutional Convention
“A Bundle of Compromises”
1. The Virginia Plan2. The New Jersey Plan3. The Connecticut Compromise4. The Three-Fifths Compromise5. The Commerce and Slave Trade
Compromise
Ratification Ratify- Approve 9 states needed to ratify the constitution
for it to become law…it was close in many of the states, but the FEDERALISTS beat out the ANTIFEDERALISTS and won ratification.
Federalists & Anti-Federalists
Anti-federalists -- states' rights advocates, backcountry farmers, poor farmers, and the ill-educated- “common man”.
Federalists -- Well educated and propertied class. Most lived in settled areas along the seaboard.
Federalists National government needed to be strong in
order to function. Strong national government needed to control
uncooperative states. Men of experience and talent should govern the
nation. National government would protect the rights of
the people. Constitution and state governments
protected individual freedoms without bill of rights.
More sympathetic to separation of church and state.
Anti-Federalists The Articles of Confederation were a good
plan. Opposed a strong central government. Strong national government threatened
state power. Strong national government threatened
rights of the common people. Constitution favored wealthy men and
preserved their power. Constitution lacked a bill of rights. Opposed omitting any reference to God.
AssignmentUsing pages 51-53 in your textbook, define the following compromises on a sheet of paper…
1. The Virginia Plan2. The New Jersey Plan3. The Connecticut Compromise4. The Three-Fifths Compromise5. The Commerce and Slave Trade
Compromise