G30 - Other(1074) Development and evaluation of a pain history ques-

tionnaireJ. D‘Eon, E. Petersen, K. Wilson, H. Baldwin; The Rehabilitation Centre, Ottawa,ONThis study examined the psychometric properties of a recently devel-oped self-report Pain History Questionnaire (PHQ). This questionnairewas designed to meet the clinical assessment needs of a multidisciplinaryteam, as well as research and administrative objectives. The items wereselected based on previous work in this area and with multidisciplinaryinput. The biopsychosocial model of chronic pain served as a frameworkfor the questionnaire. A coding manual for the PHQ was also developedand evaluated. The questionnaire was piloted and modified on fouroccasions over a two-year period. The final version of the PHQ wascompleted by 400 patients (270 women and 130 men) from a heteroge-neous chronic pain sample seen at The Rehabilitation Centre in Ottawa,Canada. Thirty-nine patients completed the questionnaire again withina three-week period. Patients also completed other self-report measuresincluding the Multidimensional Pain Inventory. Key items were exam-ined for criterion validity and found to correlate significantly with theappropriate subscale of the MPI. Results indicated that a few questionslacked clarity, were not completed, or had limited response variability.Test-retest reliability was adequate, with the majority of responsesfound to be stable between the two test periods, although some indi-vidual items were problematic. Inter-rater reliability for data coding wasalso found to be acceptable (.76 to 1.0). The questionnaire and codingmanual were modified based on these results. The PHQ facilitates theclinical assessment of chronic pain patients by documenting a patient‘shistory with a comprehensive, valid, and reliable questionnaire that isuseful across disciplines. The PHQ coding manual will facilitate the col-lection of consistent information for use in treatment planning, pro-gram evaluation and research.

(1075) Liar, liar, pants on fire: Differences between genuineand faked facial expressions of acute pain

D. Tripp, K. Lee, L. Garcia-Browning, C. Hains, A. Van Horne; Queens University,Kingston, ONThis study attempted to define facial expression markers helpful in ac-curate detection of pain malingering. 60 university students (47 women)were evaluated on their ability to fake pain expression during a roomtemperature emersion versus cold pressor emersion (3 degrees Celsius).Pain was examined by randomly counterbalancing participants into twoequal groups (group 1, deceptive condition first; group 2, genuine paincondition first), comparing verbal pain report and facial action unit (AU)expression across time (6 AU‘s were used). Gender differences in verbalreport and expression were controlled. Finally, the pattern of facialexpression was examined to provide novel aspects to consider. Resultsshowed that verbal pain reports were greater in the deceptive sample(5, 30, 58 seconds) and pain was less in deceptive group in beginning butsame at end time. AU4 “lower brow” and AU7 “lid tightener” expres-sion were greater under malingering and that AU6 “cheek raiser and lidcompressor” was greater during genuine pain. AU pattern of 7, 4, 10“upper lip raiser” occurred significantly frequently in the genuine paincondition and AU pattern of 4, 7, 10 occurred significantly frequently inthe deceptive condition. Thus, these patterns may be useful as serialonset patterns discriminating between genuine pain and malingering.Results are discussed in light of previous facial expression data, implica-tions and limitations.

(1076) Does the catastrophizing subscale of the coping strat-egies questionnaire provide unique information re-garding the pain experience?

A. Hirsh, S. Chung, E. O‘Brien, S. George, L. Cianfrini, J. Atchison, H. Gremillion,L. Waxenberg, M. Robinson; University of Florida, Gainesville, FLCatastrophizing is commonly assessed in the chronic pain patient, andpast research suggests that it is associated with pain experience andnegative mood. The most commonly cited measure of catastrophizing inthe literature is the Coping Strategies Questionnaire-CatastrophizingSubscale (CSQ-Cat). The purpose of this study was to address whethercatastrophizing, as conceptualized and measured by the CSQ, contrib-utes unique information regarding the pain experience, to concurrentmeasures of depression and anxiety. 370 patients recruited from theUniversity of Florida pain clinics completed a standard assessment bat-tery including the Beck Depression Inventory (BDI), Pain Anxiety Symp-toms Scale (PASS), CSQ, and McGill Pain Questionnaire (MPQ). Correla-tional analyses indicated moderate to strong zero-order correlations(r � 0.38-0.74) between all measures. A simultaneous multiple regres-sion analysis indicated that depression (std. beta � 0.42, p � 0.001) andanxiety (std. beta � 0.44, p � 0.001) accounted for 64% of the variancein catastrophizing. A hierarchical multiple regression analysis was thenconducted to determine if catastrophizing scores accounted for uniquevariance in MPQ pain scores, after controlling for depression and anxi-ety. The BDI and PASS scores accounted for 19% of the variance in MPQpain scores, with the BDI (std. beta � 0.31, p � 0.002) being the onlysignificant predictor. CSQ-Cat scores were not a significant addition tothe model (p � 0.066), only accounting for an additional 1.5% of thevariance in MPQ pain scores. Results of this study suggest that cata-strophizing, as conceptualized and measured by the CSQ, overlaps sig-nificantly with depressive and anxious symptomatology and does notcontribute uniquely to the pain experience, after accounting for depres-sion and anxiety. Potential benefits of utilizing more comprehensive,multidimensional measures of catastrophizing are discussed.

(1077) Levels of pain catastrophizing: Relationship to catego-ries of pain, disability, and depression in persons withchronic pain

M. Geisser, D. Williams, R. Roth, B. Patrick, D. Clauw; University of Michiganhealth Systam, Ann Arbor, MIA broad literature supports the importance of pain catastrophizing inthe experience of chronic pain; however little is known about specificlevels of catastrophizing and pain experience. This study examined theassociation between levels of catastrophizing and relevant categoriza-tions of pain, disability, and depression in a mixed sample of chronicpain patients. Depression was categorized based on Beck DepressionInventory (4 groups) scoring. Pain was measured using the Multidimen-sional Pain Inventory (3 groups), and disability was assessed using thePain Disability Index (4 categories). Catastrophizing, measured with theCoping Strategies Questionnaire, was categorized as low, mild, moder-ate, or high. Significant chi-square associations were observed betweencatastrophizing and disability (�2 � 49.2, p � .001), pain (�2 � 35.6, p �.001), and depression (�2 � 124.3, p � .001). Low or mild levels of cata-strophizing did not appear to be associated with lower levels of disabil-ity or pain. However, 38.6% of persons in the moderate catastrophizinggroup reported severe to excruciating pain, as did 69.8% of the personsin the high catastrophizing group. Similarly, 39.8% of persons with mod-erate levels of catastrophizing had severe to total disability, as did 70%of subjects in the high catastrophizing group. The odds of having severeto total disability or severe to excrutiating pain for persons in the highcatastrophizing group were approximately 2.3 to 1. In contrast, cata-strophizing was associated with depression across all depressive catego-ries, as higher catastrophizing scores were related to more severe de-pression, and lower scores were associated with less depression. Thesedata suggest that the relationship between catastrophizing and painand disability is nonlinear, while its association with depression is linear.These data also provide interpretive guidelines for the clinical relevanceof catastrophizing scores in relation to pain, disability, and depression.Supported by Department of Army grant DAMD17-00-2-0018.

127Abstracts