osmosis and diffusion passive transport

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Osmosis and Diffusion Passive Transport

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Osmosis and Diffusion Passive Transport. Osmosis and Diffusion. Terms and definitions. Osmosis and Diffusion. 1.Diffusion - the process by which molecules spread from areas of high concentration, to areas of low concentration. Osmosis and Diffusion. 1.Diffusion - PowerPoint PPT Presentation

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Page 1: Osmosis and Diffusion Passive Transport

Osmosis and DiffusionPassive Transport

Page 2: Osmosis and Diffusion Passive Transport

Osmosis and Diffusion

• Terms and definitions

Page 3: Osmosis and Diffusion Passive Transport

Osmosis and Diffusion• 1.Diffusion - the process by which molecules spread from areas of high concentration, to areas of

low concentration

Page 4: Osmosis and Diffusion Passive Transport

Osmosis and Diffusion

• 1.Diffusion – eventually spreading out evenly into the

available space

Page 5: Osmosis and Diffusion Passive Transport

Osmosis and Diffusion

• Several factors can affect the rate the diffusion……

• One such factor is temperature • Higher temperatures tend to

increase the rate of diffusion

Page 6: Osmosis and Diffusion Passive Transport

Osmosis and Diffusion• 2.Solutes- a substance dissolved in fluid

Ex: Salt is a solute, when it is concentrated inside or outside the cell, it will draw the water in its direction

This is also why you get thirsty after eating something salty

Page 7: Osmosis and Diffusion Passive Transport

Osmosis and Diffusion

• 3.Solvent - is a liquid, solid, or gas that dissolves another solid, liquid, or gaseous solute

– resulting in a solution

Page 8: Osmosis and Diffusion Passive Transport

Osmosis and Diffusion

4.OsmosisA specialized type of diffusion

is the movement of a solvent (frequently water) through a semi-permeable membrane

Osmosis is a type of a process where a fluid passes through a semipermeable membrane and moves from an area where a solute is present in low concentrations to an area where a solute is present in a higher concentration

Page 9: Osmosis and Diffusion Passive Transport

Osmosis

• http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=sdiJtDRJQEc

Osmosis is a type of a process where a fluid passes through a semi-permeable membrane, from a higher concentration of water

to a lower concentration of water

Page 10: Osmosis and Diffusion Passive Transport

Osmosis and Diffusion

• 5.Tonicity is a measure of the osmotic pressure gradient when comparing the concentration of solutes in different solutions & the following terms are used:

Page 11: Osmosis and Diffusion Passive Transport

Osmosis and Diffusion

• Hypotonic Solutions: • contain a low concentration of

solute (more water)

• When a cell is placed in a hypotonic solution, the water

diffuses into the cell, causing the cell to swell 

• Hint : po boy sandwich

Page 12: Osmosis and Diffusion Passive Transport

Osmosis and Diffusion

• Hypertonic Solutions: • contain a high concentration of

solute (less water)

• When a cell is placed in a hypertonic solution, the water

diffuses out of the cell, causing the cell to shrivel

• Hint: Hyper kids

Page 13: Osmosis and Diffusion Passive Transport

Osmosis and Diffusion

• Isotonic Solutions: contain the same concentration of solute

( equal amounts of water)

• When a cell is placed in an isotonic solution, the water diffuses into and

out of the cell at the same rate

• The fluid that surrounds the body cells is isotonic

Page 14: Osmosis and Diffusion Passive Transport

Osmosis and Diffusion

• In the real world……….– In humans, osmosis occurs in the kidneys to recover the water form waste

materials of the body. The kidneys regulate the concentration of water in the blood plasma.

– Kidney dialysis

Page 15: Osmosis and Diffusion Passive Transport

Osmosis and Diffusion

• In the real worldIn plants, osmosis occurs for

example at root hairs, allowing the uptake of water from the soil.

Page 16: Osmosis and Diffusion Passive Transport

For today• 6.1 - DEMO

The effects of size and temp on diffusion

– Agar that is in its gel state is porous, thus making it easier for solutions to spread.

After 30 mins…..

» Measuring “Halos”

Page 17: Osmosis and Diffusion Passive Transport

For Today

• 6.2 You begin hereEffect of solute concentration on osmosis

10% sucrosedH20

Read materials and methods & FOLLOW DIRECTIONS

40 minutes

Page 18: Osmosis and Diffusion Passive Transport

For Today

• 6.3 Selective permeability of membranes

– 6 solutions – one per bench– SHARE DATA

40 minutes

AGAIN….Read materials and methods & FOLLOW DIRECTIONS

Page 19: Osmosis and Diffusion Passive Transport

For Today• 6.4 Osmosis with red blood cells (lack cell walls)

» RBC in isotonicisotonic solution

» Plump round cells

RBC in hypertonichypertonic solution

Page 20: Osmosis and Diffusion Passive Transport

For Today

• 6.5Osmosis with plant cells (cell walls)

Plasmolysis - cytoplasm pulls away fromthe cell wall due to the loss of water

through osmosis

Hypertonic Hypotonic

Page 21: Osmosis and Diffusion Passive Transport

For Today• Goggles• Waste

• Chemicals– Silver nitrate– Barium chloride– Gram’s iodine– Biuret– Benedict’s– Blood

Page 22: Osmosis and Diffusion Passive Transport

PRACTICAL NEXT WEEK

• Starts promptly at 8:30am

• Must have note from doctor for a make-up

• Review on website• Contact me before

8:30am for help • GOOD LUCK