osgi workshop - become a certified bundle manager

Become a Cer*fied Bundle Manager

today

Karl Pauls & Marcel Offermans

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Karl @ Akquinet

• Member Apache So8ware Founda<on

• PMC Felix, Sling, Incubator

• PPMC Ace, Clerezza

• So8ware Architect at akquinet

• Co-‐Author „OSGi in Ac<on“

• [email protected]

mailto:[email protected]


Marcel @ luminis

• Member Apache So8ware Founda<on

• CommiMer and PMC member at Apache Felix and Apache ACE

• So8ware architect at Luminis Technologies

• Luminis: group of companies, strong focus on technical excellence, offices in The Netherlands and the United Kingdom

• [email protected]



Requirements for exercises

• Computer with Java 6 pre-‐installed

• Memory s<ck with the exercises

Agenda

• Quick OSGi recap

• Bundle management

• Pax Runner

• File Install

• OBR

• Apache ACE

OSGi: core + compendium

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Core

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Framework

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Compendium

OSGi compendium

Log

HTTP

Device Access

Configuration Admin

Preferences

Metatype

Wire AdminUser Admin

IO Connector

Initial Provisioning

UPnP™ Device

Declarative Services

Event Admin Service Tracker

XML Parser

Position

Measurement and State

Execution Environment Spec

Remote Services

Deployment Admin

Blueprint Container

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Define Modules ...

... Compose Modules ...

... with OSGi

• L3 -‐ Provides a publish/find/bind service model to decouple bundles

• L2 -‐ Manages the lifecycle of bundle in a bundle repository without requiring the VM be restarted

• L1 -‐ Creates the concept of bundles that use classes from each other in a controlled way according to constraints

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Experience: oHen, it’s not OSGi

• Real world applica<ons run on

• an opera<ng system, inside a virtual machine

• and have:

• databases

• non-‐OSGi clients

• other (na<ve) files / data

• For the BEST experience, make everything deployable

Modularity

• What?

• Separa<on of concerns

• Structure

• Encapsula<on

• Focuses on

• Cohesion (low is bad, high is good)

• Coupling (low is good, high is bad)

• Why?

• Independent development

• Independent maintenance

• Improve reusability

OSGi Bundle

• A bundle is a module in OSGi terminology

• A bundle is a JAR file containing

• Code

• Resources

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Bundle Metadata

• Bundle metadata captures

• Human-‐readable informa<on

• Bundle iden<fica<on

• Code visibility

• Stored in the JAR manifest as proper<es

Version Format

• OSGi uses a 4-‐part version numbering scheme

• <major>.<minor>.<micro>.<qualifier>

• Major, minor, and micro are numeric values

• Qualifier is a string value

• Valid examples

• 1, 1.10, 1.9.9.alpha, 0.2.0.SNAPSHOT

• Invalid examples

• 0.2.SNAPSHOT, 1.9.9-‐alpha

• Comparison (not always intui<ve)

• 1.0.0 < 1.9.9 < 1.10

• 1.0.0.beta > 1.0.0.alpha > 1.0.0

Version Range Format

• Interval nota<on is used for version ranges

• Use '[' or ']' for inclusive values

• Use '(' or ')' for exclusive values

• Example (quotes needed)

• "[1.0.0,2.0.0)" == (1.0.0 <= v < 2.0.0)

• When a version range is expected, a single value represents an infinite range

• "1.0.0" == (1.0.0 <= v < ∞)

• To specify a precise version

• "[1.0.0,1.0.0]"

Experience: versioning

• Choose a versioning policy and s<ck with it

• Version all packages you export

• Use version ranges on import that are consistent with policy

• If you FORGET this you will REGRET it

• Do not be tempted to mis-‐use commercial versions internally

• Only bump versions on actual changes

Version Policy

• Major number change – signifies an incompa<ble update.

• Minor number change – signifies a backward compa<ble update.

• Micro number change – signifies an internal update (e.g., a bug fix or performance improvement).

• Qualifier change – signifies a trivial internal change with “outward” no<ceable difference, but nonetheless is a new ar<fact (e.g., line number refactoring).

Tip: Seman*c Versioning whitepaper

Source: h*p://www.osgi.org/wiki/uploads/Links/Seman9cVersioning.pdf

© 2010 OSGi Alliance

All Rights Reserved.

Semantic Versioning Technical Whitepaper

Revision 1.0May 6, 2010

Exposing Internal Code

• Expor<ng a versioned package

• Export-‐Package: javax.servlet; version="2.4.0"

• Can also specify arbitrary matching aMributes

• Export-‐Package: javax.servlet; javax.servlet.hMp; version="2.4.0"; "vendor=ASF"

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Impor*ng & Expor*ng a Package (1/4)

• Imagine bundle A somehow gets servlet instances from bundle B

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• Bundle C could both import and export servlet to solve the dilemma

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Advanced Consistency Checking

• Some<mes more advanced consistency checking is necessary, consider this

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We need to declare suchinternal dependencies!

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Run-‐Time Bundle Iden*fica*on

• Bundle symbolic name plus bundle version

• Assigned in the bundle metadata

• Install loca<on

• Assigned when installing bundle

• Typically the URL from which the bundle is retrieved

• Bundle iden<fier

• Assigned by the framework

• A long value which increases for each installed bundled

Framework Bundle Cache

• The framework maintains a bundle cache

• Installing a bundle saves it to the cache

• Once installed, the original bundle JAR file is no longer needed

• Subsequent framework execu<ons will reload the cached bundles

• The framework also saves the bundle state in the bundle cache

• When a bundle is started, it is persistently recorded as being ac<ve

• Ac<ve bundles will be restarted in subsequent framework execu<ons

• Upda<ng and uninstalling bundles also impact the cache, but it is a liMle more complicated

Package Admin

• Framework provides special API for this purpose

public interface PackageAdmin { static final int BUNDLE_TYPE_FRAGMENT = 0x00000001; Bundle getBundle(Class clazz); Bundle[] getBundles(String symbolicName, String versionRange); int getBundleType(Bundle bundle); ExportedPackage getExportedPackage(String name); ExportedPackage[] getExportedPackages(Bundle bundle); ExportedPackage[] getExportedPackages(String name); Bundle[] getFragments(Bundle bundle); RequiredBundle[] getRequiredBundles(String symbolicName); Bundle[] getHosts(Bundle bundle); void refreshPackages(Bundle[] bundles); boolean resolveBundles(Bundle[] bundles);}

Paint Program Design (1/2)

• Rela<onship between classes

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Experience: Swing

• First of all, how do you modularize a UI?

• Second, how dynamic do you want it to be?

• Third: dealing with already instan<ated stuff (panels, look and feel, ...)

• For more info:hMp://lsd.luminis.nl/swing-‐and-‐osgi

http://lsd.luminis.nl/swing-and-osgi

http://lsd.luminis.nl/swing-and-osgi

Pax Runner

• Hosted at OPS4J

• Bootstrapper for OSGi frameworks

• ini<al provisioning of bundles

• great tool for developers

Pax Runner

• Unzip the archive, add to path

• selec<ng the framework

• op<ons, op<ons, op<ons

• profiles and ini<al provisioning

• crea<ng a distribu<on

Pax Runner -‐ Frameworks

• Run the default framework:pax-‐run.sh

• Run Equinox version 3.5.1:pax-‐run.sh -‐-‐playorm=equinox -‐-‐version=3.5.1

• Run with a pre-‐defined profile:pax-‐run.sh -‐-‐profiles=felix.webconsole

Pax Runner -‐ Windows FAQ

009. I'm using Pax Runner on DOS/Windows, I have the right command but I'm ge{ng strange errors

DOS/Windows shell seems to strip the equals (=) from the command line and treats the leD and right side of the equals as separate arguments for the batch file. Thus, the arguments to the java executable for an argument like (for example) -‐-‐profiles=log will be split in two arguments as -‐-‐profiles and log. To avoid this you will have to enclose the en9re argument between quotes (") as in "-‐-‐profiles=log".

Source: h*p://paxrunner.ops4j.org/display/paxrunner/FAQ

Pax Runner -‐ Provisioning

• Provisioning your own bundles:

• Create a text file with the bundle URLs (called “profile”):file:paint/servicebased.host-‐1.0.0.jarfile:paint/servicebased.circle-‐1.0.0.jar

• Point to the file when launching:pax-‐run.sh -‐-‐args=file:profile

• Provisioning all bundles in a directory:pax-‐run.sh mybundledir/

Pax Runner -‐ Crea*ng scripts

• Crea<ng a script to launch a framework without Pax Runner:pax-‐run.sh -‐-‐executor=script -‐-‐workingDirectory=.

• Create an archive containing everything you need to run:pax-‐run.sh -‐-‐executor=zip -‐-‐profiles=felix.webconsole,compendium

Excercises

• Launch Pax Runner with different fw’s

• Launch a profile (felix.webconsole)hMp://localhost:8080/system/console and log in as admin/admin

• Create a profile for the Paint Program

• Add webconsole (for monitoring)

• Create a distributable ZIP file with Pax Runner

http://localhost:8080/system/console

http://localhost:8080/system/console

Experience: Pax Runner

• great for development

• nicely integrates into build environment

• base for Pax Exam (tes<ng framework)

• don’t ship to customers (needs online connec<on, usually you don’t want that much freedom)

Apache Felix File Install

• Simple and Lightweight deployer

• Hotdeploy directory

• The content of the directory represents the content in the framework

• Support for bundles and configura<ons

Apache Felix File Install

• Take all bundles in a given directory and install them

• Start all bundles

• If a bundle can‘t be resolved try it again the next <me

• Monitor the directory and

• if a bundle gets removed uninstall it

• if a bundle gets added install and start it

• if a bundle gets updated update and refresh it

• Same for configura<ons

Summary

• File Install adds hotdeploy directory

• Supports hotdeploy of bundles and configura<ons

• Can be extended for other types of deployments

• Good for development

Exercises

• Launch a framework with File Install and Web Consolepax-‐run.sh -‐-‐profiles=felix.config,felix.fileinstall

• Check the bundles with Web Console

• Deploy the main paint applica<on and some shapes

• Add and remove shapes to see how the applica<on behaves

Experience: File Install

• Great for development, hot deployment

• In general not so great for produc<on: limited control, does your app really support hot deployment at “every” point in <me?

• IF you use it in produc<on, at least customize it, but look for other solu<ons

OBR

• OBR aMempts to define a common bundle repository

• Enable to share, discover, and deploy

• Addresses:

• Inability of developers to discover and re-‐use exis<ng bundles

• Difficulty in deploying exis<ng bundles

OBR Status

• Oscar bundle repository

• OSGi Bundle Repository RFC 112

• Current status unsure

• Might become the felix bundlerepository

OBR Design

• Generic capability/requirement model

• XML representa<on

• Models package, bundle, fragments, na<ve, and service dependencies (plus arbitrary ones)

• Repository Admin Service for discovery and deployment of bundles

High-‐Level View

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Bindex

• Tool to create xml for a set of bundles

• java -‐jar bindex.jar

-‐r repository.xml

-‐n Paint

bundles/*.jar

XML

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Summary

• OBR is addressing to

• find exis<ng bundles

• use exis<ng bundles

• share bundles

• OBR allows to resolve the transi<ve closure over the dependencies of a bundle

Example

• Launch a framework with OBRpax-‐run.sh -‐-‐profiles=felix.obr

• Add repository to OBR

• Deploy bundles from OBR via shell

Experience

• Good fit if you have a „user“ driven deployment scenario

Apache ACE

• Started in incubator on april 24th 2009

• So8ware distribu<on framework based on OSGi

• 12 commiMers

• working codebase

• hMp://incubator.apache.org/ace/

http://incubator.apache.org/ace/

http://incubator.apache.org/ace/

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Keeping the history

Why?

• Automate deployment

• Insight into who uses what

• History of each system

• Consistent development, tes<ng, produc<on

• Basis for several possible extensions

Topology

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Dependency Management

• Organizing ar<facts

• Mapping them to targets

Organizing ar*facts

• group ar<facts: makes them manageable

• two levels: feature and distribu<on

• Analogy: IKEA catalog

• data is kept in “store repository”

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Mapping them onto targets

• mapping distribu<ons to targets

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User Interface

• retrieve, modify and store

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Deployment

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Deployment Admin

• deployment packages

• versioned set of ar<facts

• transac<onal install/update

• fix packages provide deltas

• signing makes them secure

• extensible through resource processors

• AutoConfig defines configura<on admin data

From dependency to deployment

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Feedback

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Experience: embedded

• Characteris<cs: long running, deployed in places you cannot reach, not always on, not “reachable” from the server

• most “conven<onal” management tooling is fairly useless (JMX, web console, ...)

• make sure you can deploy, make sure you can see

Exercises

• Launch ACEunzip, then go into folder and start run.sh/bat

• Browse to the UIhMp://localhost:8080/webui/

• Upload the set of bundles for the Paint appput in store/ folder

• Launch a target, hook it upunzip, then go into folder and start run.sh/bat

• Add and remove things

Experience: source to produc*on

• developer runs on local machine (build creates bundles, auto deploys to ACE)

• con<nuous build feeds test servers (deploy like you would in produc<on)

• QA team uses the same bundles, performs test on provisioned systems

• release management finally ships to customer

Ques*ons

Certifiedbundle manager

Marcel and Karl are both OSGi experts. For additional training or help with your project, contact them directly or via their companies’ websites.

We, Karl Pauls and Marcel Offermans, hereby declare that this participant officially became a:

Full Name

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